Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Treatment of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS) | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/breast-cancer/treatment/treatment-of-breast-cancer-by-stage/treatment-of-ductal-carcinoma-in-situ-dcis.html

  Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) means the cells that line the milk ducts of the breast have become cancer, but they have not spread into surrounding breast tissue. […] DCIS is considered non-invasive or pre-invasive breast cancer. DCIS cant spread outside the breast, but it is often treated because if left alone, some DCIS cells can continue to undergo abnormal changes that cause it to become invasive breast cancer (which can spread). […] In most cases, a woman with DCIS can choose between breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and simple mastectomy. […] There are clinical studies being done to see if observation instead of surgery might be an option for some women. […] In breast-conserving surgery (BCS), the surgeon removes the tumor and a small amount of normal breast tissue around it. […] If BCS is done, it is usually followed by radiation therapy.

• #1 Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) Treatment | Susan G. Komen®

  https://www.komen.org/breast-cancer/treatment/by-diagnosis/dcis/

  DCIS is treated to try to prevent the development of invasive breast cancer. […] DCIS is non-invasive, but without treatment, the abnormal cells could progress to invasive breast cancer over time. […] Left untreated, its estimated 10%-50% of DCIS cases may progress to invasive breast cancer. […] Because DCIS might progress to invasive breast cancer, almost all cases are treated. […] Surgery is recommended as the first step to treat DCIS. After surgery, some people will have radiation therapy, and some may take hormone therapy. […] Although the exact treatment for DCIS varies from person to person, guidelines help make sure high-quality care is given. […] The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) are respected organizations that regularly review and update their guidelines.

• #1 Treatment of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS) | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/breast-cancer/treatment/treatment-of-breast-cancer-by-stage/treatment-of-ductal-carcinoma-in-situ-dcis.html

  BCS without radiation therapy is not a standard treatment, but it might be an option for older women, women with other significant health problems, or women who had small areas of low-grade DCIS that were removed with large enough cancer-free surgical margins. […] Many women with early-stage breast cancer, like DCIS, can choose between breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and mastectomy. […] The main advantage of BCS is that a woman keeps most of her breast. […] Simple mastectomy (removal of the entire breast) may be needed if the area of DCIS is very large, if the breast has several separate areas of DCIS in different quadrants (multicentric), or if BCS cannot remove the DCIS completely. […] If a mastectomy is needed for any of the reasons stated above, many doctors will do a SLNB along with the mastectomy because there is a higher chance that invasive cancer might be found.

• #1 Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dcis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20371895

  Research suggests that there is a slightly higher risk of the cancer coming back after lumpectomy compared to mastectomy. However, survival rates between the two treatment approaches are very similar. […] Lumpectomy is a good option for most people with DCIS. But mastectomy may be recommended if: You have a large area of DCIS. There’s more than one area of DCIS. Biopsy results show cancer cells at or near the edge of the tissue sample. You’re not a candidate for radiation therapy. You prefer to have a mastectomy. […] Radiation therapy treats cancer with powerful energy beams. […] For DCIS treatment, the radiation is often external beam radiation. […] Radiation therapy is often used after lumpectomy to reduce the chance that DCIS will come back or that it will progress to invasive cancer. […] Hormone therapy, also called endocrine therapy, uses medicines to block certain hormones in the body. […] For DCIS, hormone therapy is typically used after surgery or radiation. It lowers the risk that the cancer will come back. It also reduces the risk of developing another breast cancer.

• #1 Treatment of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS) | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/breast-cancer/treatment/treatment-of-breast-cancer-by-stage/treatment-of-ductal-carcinoma-in-situ-dcis.html

  Women having a mastectomy for DCIS typically dont need radiation therapy and may choose to have breast reconstruction right away or later. […] If the DCIS is hormone receptor-positive (estrogen or progesterone), treatment with tamoxifen (for any woman) or an aromatase inhibitor, such as exemestane or anastrozole, (for women past menopause) for 5 years after surgery can lower the risk of another DCIS or invasive cancer developing in either breast.

• #1 Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) Treatment | Susan G. Komen®

  https://www.komen.org/breast-cancer/treatment/by-diagnosis/dcis/

  Overall survival is the same for women with DCIS who have a mastectomy and those who have a lumpectomy (with or without radiation therapy). […] In the U.S., most women with DCIS are treated with a lumpectomy followed by radiation therapy. […] A lumpectomy for DCIS is often followed by radiation therapy to lower the risk of DCIS recurrence (a return of DCIS) in the treated breast and invasive breast cancer in the treated breast. […] A meta-analysis that combined the results of 4 randomized clinical trials showed adding whole breast radiation therapy after a lumpectomy reduced the risk of DCIS recurrence or invasive breast cancer by half compared to a lumpectomy alone. […] Overall survival is the same for women with DCIS who have a lumpectomy with or without radiation therapy. […] Most cases of DCIS are hormone receptor-positive. People with hormone receptor-positive DCIS may benefit from hormone therapy (tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor).

• #1 Optimizing the Management of DCIS – The ASCO Post

  https://ascopost.com/issues/june-10-2024/optimizing-the-management-of-dcis/

  Despite this reassurance, the treatment trend for young women diagnosed with DCIS is a steep rise in bilateral mastectomy, with rates currently around 26% in those up to age 50 and 45% in those up to age 40—rates that are 30% higher than those seen in older patients. […] […] It is recommended that patients who opt for a mastectomy for DCIS undergo concurrent sentinel lymph node biopsy. […] […] In randomized studies, adjuvant radiotherapy reduces the risk of local recurrence by approximately 50% to 70%, depending on baseline recurrence risk, with benefits seen independent of patient age, tumor size, and margin status. […] […] Even with low-risk DCIS, there is a continued benefit with radiation, but the benefit is small. […] […] Since traditional clinical and pathologic features have failed to identify which patients with DCIS need adjuvant radiotherapy, there is a need for biologic signatures to assess recurrence risk. […]

• #1 Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/ductal-carcinoma-situ-dcis

  Radiation therapy is often used after lumpectomy to reduce the chance that DCIS will come back or that it will progress to invasive cancer. But it might not be necessary if you have only a small area of DCIS that is considered slow-growing and was completely removed during surgery. […] Hormone therapy, also called endocrine therapy, uses medicines to block certain hormones in the body. It’s a treatment for breast cancers that are sensitive to the hormones estrogen and progesterone. […] For DCIS, hormone therapy is typically used after surgery or radiation. It lowers the risk that the cancer will come back. It also reduces the risk of developing another breast cancer.

• #1 Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) Treatment | Susan G. Komen®

  https://www.komen.org/breast-cancer/treatment/by-diagnosis/dcis/

  The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommends women who are treated with a lumpectomy for hormone receptor-positive DCIS consider taking hormone therapy (tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor) for 5 years. […] After treatment for DCIS, theres a small risk of DCIS recurrence (a return of DCIS) and invasive breast cancer. […] These risks are higher with a lumpectomy plus radiation therapy than with a mastectomy.

• #1 Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) | Health Library | Memorial Health System

  https://www.mhsystem.org/health-library/con-20371874/

  Hormone therapy, also called endocrine therapy, uses medicines to block certain hormones in the body. Its a treatment for breast cancers that are sensitive to the hormones estrogen and progesterone. […] For DCIS, hormone therapy is typically used after surgery or radiation. It lowers the risk that the cancer will come back. It also reduces the risk of developing another breast cancer. […] Treatments that can be used in hormone therapy include: Medicines that block hormones from attaching to cancer cells. These medicines are called selective estrogen receptor modulators. Examples include tamoxifen and raloxifene (Evista). Medicines that stop the body from making estrogen after menopause. These medicines are called aromatase inhibitors. Examples include anastrozole (Arimidex), exemestane (Aromasin) and letrozole (Femara).

• #1 Optimizing the Management of DCIS – The ASCO Post

  https://ascopost.com/issues/june-10-2024/optimizing-the-management-of-dcis/

  In randomized trials, endocrine therapy in patients with DCIS has reduced the risk of recurrence by 30%, independent of age, tumor size, or margin status, though the absolute benefit was dependent on baseline risk. […] […] With such low rates of ipsilateral recurrence, surgery does not alter the natural history of DCIS, so is surveillance a safe option in low-risk patients? […]

• #1 Treatment options for ductal carcinoma in situ | Cancer Australia

  https://www.canceraustralia.gov.au/cancer-types/breast-cancer/treatment-options/treatment-options-ductal-carcinoma-situ

  DCIS may develop into invasive breast cancer and invasive breast cancer can spread and cause death, it’s recommended that all women with DCIS have treatment. […] Treatment options for DCIS depend on a number of things, including the size of the DCIS compared to the size of the breast, the grade of DCIS, the woman’s age and whether she has a family history of breast cancer. […] Because ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) may develop into invasive breast cancer and invasive breast cancer can spread and cause death, it’s recommended that all women with DCIS have treatment. The aim of treatment for DCIS is to help prevent invasive breast cancer from developing and to help stop DCIS from coming back in the breast. […] The aim of treating DCIS is to prevent invasive breast cancer from developing. If DCIS is not treated it may develop into invasive breast cancer, which can spread outside the ducts into the breast tissue and then possibly to other parts of the body.

• #1 DCIS breast cancer (Ductal carcinoma in situ) | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/breast-cancer/ductal-carcinoma-in-situ-dcis

  DCIS is the earliest changes to cells which might then become breast cancer. It is not a life-threatening condition. But treatment is usually recommended to stop it developing into breast cancer. […] Not every untreated DCIS will develop into invasive breast cancer. But doctors usually advise treating DCIS. This is because it is not possible to tell for certain which cases of DCIS will become invasive cancer. […] Your cancer doctor needs certain information about the DCIS to help plan the best treatment for you. This includes: the size of the DCIS, whether it is only in 1 part of the breast, the grade of the DCIS, whether the DCIS has certain hormone receptors. […] A team of specialists will meet to discuss the best possible treatment for you. This is called a multidisciplinary team (MDT).

• #1 Ductal Carcinoma in Situ | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/breast-cancer/ductal-carcinoma-in-situ.html

  Because DCIS is found at cancers earliest stage, it responds very well to treatment. The outlook for patients with DCIS is excellent, and the disease has a 10-year survival rate of more than 98%. […] The standard of care for DCIS is to do surgery first. So, surgeons may offer you a lumpectomy or a mastectomy. If you have a lumpectomy, you’ll also need radiation therapy. […] Typically, you shouldn’t need chemotherapy after a DCIS diagnosis, since surgery alone is usually enough to render someone cancer-free. […] DCIS patients who undergo a lumpectomy usually get radiation therapy after the surgery. Mastectomy patients usually do not need radiation therapy. […] Because DCIS may never develop into a more advanced breast cancer, some women choose not to get treated. Instead, they enter active surveillance. During this time, they get frequent screening tests and exams to look for signs that the cancer is advancing. Treatment begins only if these signs appear. […] Choosing the right hospital may be the biggest decision you make as a breast cancer patient. At MD Anderson you’ll get treatment from one of the nations top-ranked cancer centers. Our core mission is to eliminate cancer.

• #1

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12609-024-00560-3

  Therefore, in addition to the potential for omission of SLNB and radiation, there is growing momentum behind performing active surveillance in individuals diagnosed with DCIS as an alternative management strategy. These have been proposed after multiple retrospective, large database studies demonstrated no benefit to conventional treatment strategies. […] Given these data, there are currently several ongoing international trials assessing the feasibility and long-term outcomes of such strategies which include randomization to standard treatment including surgical excision, or watchful waiting and/or treatment with endocrine therapy (LORD, LORIS, COMET).

• #1

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12609-024-00560-3

  Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) accounts for roughly 25% of all new breast cancer diagnoses. Mortality from DCIS is low and has not significantly changed despite modern, aggressive care. This review will highlight the multiple strategies which are being proposed to de-escalate care, including foregoing sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB). […] Under 5% of patients undergoing SLNB for DCIS have a positive lymph node, therefore the use of SLNB has been questioned and may be able to be foregone. In addition, recent genomic assays evaluating the benefit of radiation (Onco-type DCIS, DCISionRT), have elucidated a group of patients who may not need radiotherapy after breast conservation for DCIS. […] Given the increasing incidence of DCIS and the overall favorable prognosis, another strategy for reduction in treatment is to forego or limit adjuvant radiation to patients. Local recurrence rates after surgical excision alone range from 15-60%, with half of those returning as invasive disease. While radiotherapy is known to decrease subsequent ipsilateral breast events by upwards of 50%, studies have shown no benefit to overall breast cancer specific survival.

• #1 Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) | BCRF

  https://www.bcrf.org/about-breast-cancer/dcis-ductal-carcinoma-in-situ/

  DCIS treatment has a high success rate, in most cases removing the tumor and preventing recurrence. The prognosis is excellent98 percent survival after 10 years. […] For most people, stage 0 breast cancer is localized to a small area and DCIS treatment includes breast-conserving surgery (lumpectomy). If the DCIS is widespread relative to the area of the breast or is multifocal (occurring in more than one area of the breast), mastectomy is recommended, and no further treatment is needed in most cases. […] Lumpectomy is usually then followed by radiation therapy. Any remaining abnormal cells are killed with high-energy beams, such as X-ray or proton. Radiation therapy after lumpectomy reduces the chance that DCIS will recur or that it will progress to invasive cancer. Radiation following lumpectomy is not necessary in some instances, such as if the area of DCIS is small and low-grade.

• #1 Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17869-ductal-carcinoma-in-situ-dcis

  Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a type of very early breast cancer where cancer cells line your milk ducts within one or both breasts. […] This early form of breast cancer is usually curable with appropriate treatment, which often includes lumpectomy and radiation therapy. […] The most common treatments for DCIS are breast-conserving surgery (lumpectomy) with radiation or a mastectomy: […] Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) or lumpectomy removes all cancer cells, along with healthy breast tissue bordering the cancer growth. […] Radiation therapy typically follows BCS. […] Mastectomy removes the entire affected breast or both breasts (double mastectomy). […] After surgery, your healthcare provider may prescribe medications to prevent DCIS from recurring (coming back). […] DCIS survival rates are excellent. According to the American Cancer Society, nearly all people with ductal carcinoma in situ can be cured with treatment. […] After treatment, outcomes are usually excellent. Ductal carcinoma in situ rarely recurs (returns).

• #1 Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS): Symptoms, screening, and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/ductal-carcinoma-in-situ

  According to Cancer Research UK, it is rare for DCIS to return after a mastectomy. […] Breastcancer.org notes that those who undergo a lumpectomy without radiation have a 2530% chance of experiencing a recurrence. With radiation therapy, this is lowered to 15%. […] The survival rate of DCIS is high because people receive their breast cancer diagnosis early and begin treatment before the cancer progresses to a more invasive type.

• #1 Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC) and Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS) Breast Cancer

  https://www.webmd.com/breast-cancer/ductal-carcinoma-invasive-in-situ

  You and your treatment team may also consider the use of hormone therapy if the cancer tests positive for hormone receptors (HR+ breast cancer). Hormone therapy is a treatment to block hormones from reaching cancer cells and can cut the chance of getting another breast cancer in either breast. […] Hormone therapy is considered an additional (adjuvant) treatment to be given after surgery or radiation. The drug tamoxifen can be taken for up to 5 years to reduce your risk of having invasive breast cancer, whether you are premenopausal or postmenopausal. If you’re postmenopausal, you may also be offered hormone therapy with medicines called aromatase inhibitors. These drugs reduce the amount of estrogen your body produces and can be taken for up to 5 years. […] Side effects of DCIS treatment may include: Blood clots, Infected surgical site, Buildup of fluid (seroma) at the surgical site, Buildup of blood (hematoma) at the surgical site, Pain, discomfort, numbness, or tingling, Stiffness, Swelling, Nerve pain, Fatigue (extreme tiredness), A change in sensation around the surgical site, Scar tissue at the surgical site, Bruising and other skin changes, Nausea.

• #1 “Stage Zero” Breast Cancer: What’s the Optimal Treatment for DCIS? | Columbia University Irving Medical Center

  https://www.cuimc.columbia.edu/news/stage-zero-breast-cancer-whats-optimal-treatment-dcis

  Its important to understand that radiation and hormone treatments do not change survivalthe 10-year survival rate for women diagnosed with DCIS is 98% regardless of whether they receive either treatment. […] Since treatment of DCIS after surgery doesnt improve survival, there is a growing concern that DCIS may be overtreated if the benefit of these treatments is outweighed by their impact on quality of life. […] Our results are unique in that they suggest no role for hormone therapy, as we found that the side effects are likely to outweigh the therapeutic benefits. […] Most patients find the side effects of hormones to be very bothersome: hot flashes, fatigue, joint pain, and long-term cardiovascular and fracture risks that require routine monitoring. […] Our study is eye-opening but its not necessarily practice-changing on its own as its not level-one evidence (a phase III randomized trial).

• #1 Ductal Carcinoma in Situ: A Detailed Review of Current Practices

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10200127/

  Ductal carcinoma in situ is a challenge for breast surgeons, beginning with its difficult radiological detection and continuing with its contentious multimodal treatment and management. […] Treatment options currently include total or simple mastectomy with sentinel lymph node biopsy or lumpectomy with radiation. Tamoxifen and human epidermal growth factor receptor two suppression therapy are examples of adjuvant therapy. […] Treatment options currently recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) include mastectomy with sentinel lymph node biopsy, lumpectomy with radiation, or lumpectomy alone with the potential addition of Tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors in post-menopausal women with hormone receptor-positive DCIS. […] Randomized trials show that lumpectomy combined with radiation therapy (RT) reduces DCIS locoregional recurrence but is insufficiently powered to detect a difference in breast cancer-specific or overall survival.

• #1 What Is Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS), and How Do I Decide on the Right Treatment? | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/news/what-ductal-carcinoma-situ-dcis-and-how-do-decide-right-treatment

  Surgery is nearly always recommended to treat the disease. […] Surgery is typically the first treatment for DCIS, and it is very effective. […] Most people with DCIS undergo a lumpectomy, possibly followed by additional treatments. […] We almost always recommend surgery. […] For those who have a mastectomy for DCIS, there is usually no need for additional treatment because the risk of the cancer coming back (recurring) is very low. […] To reduce this risk, the two main treatments are radiation therapy and, if the DCIS cells have the estrogen receptor, hormone therapy. […] A lot of factors must be considered, including the size and grade of the DCIS, how close the DCIS cells were to the final margin, and the age of the person at diagnosis. […] At MSK, we have a very thoughtful approach to personalizing treatment for each person with DCIS. […] Our goal is to find the right treatment for each patient, so that they can remain cancer free with an excellent quality of life moving forward.

• #1 Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dcis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20371895

  Ductal carcinoma in situ can often be cured. Treatment for this very early form of breast cancer often involves surgery to remove the cancer. Ductal carcinoma in situ, also called DCIS, also may be treated with radiation therapy and medicines. […] DCIS treatment has a high likelihood of success. In most instances, the cancer is removed and has a low chance of coming back after treatment. […] In most people, treatment options for DCIS include: Breast-conserving surgery, called a lumpectomy, and radiation therapy. Breast-removing surgery, called a mastectomy. […] If you’re diagnosed with DCIS, one of the first decisions you’ll have to make is whether to treat the condition with lumpectomy or mastectomy. […] A lumpectomy involves removing the cancer and some of the healthy tissue that surrounds it.

• #1 Ductal Carcinoma in Situ | Susan G. Komen®

  https://www.komen.org/breast-cancer/facts-statistics/what-is-breast-cancer/dcis/

  DCIS is treated to try to prevent the development of invasive breast cancer. […] Surgery is recommended as the first step to treat DCIS. After surgery, some people will have radiation therapy, and some may take hormone therapy. […] With treatment, the chances of survival for DCIS are usually excellent. […] DCIS is non-invasive, but without treatment, the abnormal cells could progress to invasive cancer over time. […] Because DCIS might progress to invasive breast cancer, almost all cases of DCIS are treated.

• #2 Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dcis/symptoms-causes/syc-20371889

  Ductal carcinoma in situ is a very early form of breast cancer. In ductal carcinoma in situ, the cancer cells are confined inside a milk duct in the breast. The cancer cells haven’t spread into the breast tissue. Ductal carcinoma in situ is often shortened to DCIS. […] Treatment for DCIS often involves surgery. Other treatments may combine surgery with radiation therapy or hormone therapy.

• #2 DCIS breast cancer (Ductal carcinoma in situ) | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/breast-cancer/ductal-carcinoma-in-situ-dcis

  DCIS is the earliest changes to cells which might then become breast cancer. It is not a life-threatening condition. But treatment is usually recommended to stop it developing into breast cancer. […] Not every untreated DCIS will develop into invasive breast cancer. But doctors usually advise treating DCIS. This is because it is not possible to tell for certain which cases of DCIS will become invasive cancer. […] Your cancer doctor needs certain information about the DCIS to help plan the best treatment for you. This includes: the size of the DCIS, whether it is only in 1 part of the breast, the grade of the DCIS, whether the DCIS has certain hormone receptors. […] A team of specialists will meet to discuss the best possible treatment for you. This is called a multidisciplinary team (MDT).

• #2 Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/breast-cancer/types/ductal-carcinoma-in-situ-dcis

  Surgery is the main treatment for DCIS. […] You might have surgery to remove: an area of the breast (breast conserving surgery) […] the whole breast (mastectomy). […] Your surgeon might recommend that you have a particular surgery or they might give you a choice of operations. […] Many people have surgery to remove the area of DCIS and a border of healthy tissue (a margin) around it. This is called breast conserving surgery, or a wide local excision (WLE) or sometimes a lumpectomy. […] After this surgery, you might have radiotherapy to the rest of the breast tissue if the DCIS cells look very abnormal (high grade). The radiotherapy treatment aims to kill off any abnormal cells that might still be in the breast tissue. […] You might have a mastectomy if: the area of the DCIS is large

• #2 Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dcis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20371895

  Ductal carcinoma in situ can often be cured. Treatment for this very early form of breast cancer often involves surgery to remove the cancer. Ductal carcinoma in situ, also called DCIS, also may be treated with radiation therapy and medicines. […] DCIS treatment has a high likelihood of success. In most instances, the cancer is removed and has a low chance of coming back after treatment. […] In most people, treatment options for DCIS include: Breast-conserving surgery, called a lumpectomy, and radiation therapy. Breast-removing surgery, called a mastectomy. […] If you’re diagnosed with DCIS, one of the first decisions you’ll have to make is whether to treat the condition with lumpectomy or mastectomy. […] A lumpectomy involves removing the cancer and some of the healthy tissue that surrounds it.

• #2 Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/ductal-carcinoma-situ-dcis

  Research suggests that there is a slightly higher risk of the cancer coming back after lumpectomy compared to mastectomy. However, survival rates between the two treatment approaches are very similar. […] A mastectomy is surgery to remove all breast tissue from a breast. Breast reconstruction to restore the appearance of the breast can be done at the same time or in a later procedure, if you desire. […] Lumpectomy is a good option for most people with DCIS. But mastectomy may be recommended if: You have a large area of DCIS. If the area is large relative to the size of your breast, a lumpectomy may not produce acceptable cosmetic results. […] Radiation therapy treats cancer with powerful energy beams. The energy can come from X-rays, protons or other sources. […] For DCIS treatment, the radiation is often external beam radiation. During this type of radiation therapy, you lie on a table while a machine moves around you. The machine directs radiation to precise points on your body.

• #2 Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17869-ductal-carcinoma-in-situ-dcis

  Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a type of very early breast cancer where cancer cells line your milk ducts within one or both breasts. […] This early form of breast cancer is usually curable with appropriate treatment, which often includes lumpectomy and radiation therapy. […] The most common treatments for DCIS are breast-conserving surgery (lumpectomy) with radiation or a mastectomy: […] Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) or lumpectomy removes all cancer cells, along with healthy breast tissue bordering the cancer growth. […] Radiation therapy typically follows BCS. […] Mastectomy removes the entire affected breast or both breasts (double mastectomy). […] After surgery, your healthcare provider may prescribe medications to prevent DCIS from recurring (coming back). […] DCIS survival rates are excellent. According to the American Cancer Society, nearly all people with ductal carcinoma in situ can be cured with treatment. […] After treatment, outcomes are usually excellent. Ductal carcinoma in situ rarely recurs (returns).

• #2 Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/ductal-carcinoma-situ-dcis

  Radiation therapy is often used after lumpectomy to reduce the chance that DCIS will come back or that it will progress to invasive cancer. But it might not be necessary if you have only a small area of DCIS that is considered slow-growing and was completely removed during surgery. […] Hormone therapy, also called endocrine therapy, uses medicines to block certain hormones in the body. It’s a treatment for breast cancers that are sensitive to the hormones estrogen and progesterone. […] For DCIS, hormone therapy is typically used after surgery or radiation. It lowers the risk that the cancer will come back. It also reduces the risk of developing another breast cancer.

• #2 Treatment options for ductal carcinoma in situ | Cancer Australia

  https://www.canceraustralia.gov.au/cancer-types/breast-cancer/treatment-options/treatment-options-ductal-carcinoma-situ

  Because DCIS may develop into invasive breast cancer and invasive breast cancer can spread and cause death, women with DCIS are generally recommended to have treatment. Treatment for DCIS aims to help prevent invasive breast cancer from developing and DCIS from coming back in the breast. […] DCIS can be treated successfully and most women diagnosed and treated for DCIS will not later develop invasive breast cancer. […] Treatment for DCIS usually involves: breast surgery, radiotherapy. […] Treatment for DCIS may involve: surgery to remove lymph nodes, hormonal therapies. […] Surgery for DCIS usually involves breast conserving surgery. […] Sometimes a mastectomy may be recommended. […] Radiotherapy is usually recommended after breast conserving surgery for women with DCIS. […] Hormonal therapies might be effective in women with DCIS. However, the long-term benefits and side effects of hormonal therapies for women with DCIS are not yet known.

• #2 Management of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (NCCN, 2022)

  https://reference.medscape.com/viewarticle/979886

  An updated guideline for management of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) was published in June 2022 by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) in Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network. […] Management strategies for DCIS include surgery, radiation therapy (RT), and adjuvant endocrine therapy. Until it can be determined whether there might be a selected favorable biology subgroup in which surgical excision is not required, surgical excision is recommended for all DCIS. […] Primary treatment options are as follows: (1) breast-conserving surgery (BCS) plus whole-breast RT (WBRT) with or without RT boost; (2) total mastectomy, with or without sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) with optional reconstruction; (3) BCS plus accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) in carefully selected cases; and (4) BCS alone. […] For ER-positive DCIS treated with breast-conserving therapy (BCT), endocrine therapy with tamoxifen or an aromatase inhibitor may be considered to reduce the risk of ipsilateral recurrence; the benefit of endocrine therapy for ER-negative DCIS is not known.

• #3 Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/breast-cancer/types/ductal-carcinoma-in-situ-dcis

  there are several areas of DCIS […] you have small breasts and too much of the breast is affected by DCIS to make breast conserving surgery possible. […] Hormone therapy is recommended for 5 years if you have breast conserving surgery for DCIS and: your cancer cells have oestrogen receptors (oestrogen positive) […] you do not have radiotherapy. […] Research shows that taking hormone therapy after breast conserving surgery for DCIS reduces the risk of it coming back (recurrence). […] Trials show that hormone therapy can reduce the number of further invasive breast cancers or DCIS.

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