Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Laryngeal Cancer – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526076/

  Laryngeal cancer accounts for one-third of head and neck cancers, posing a significant global health concern due to its impact on morbidity and mortality. This cancer can involve various parts of the larynx, including the supraglottis, glottis, and subglottis, each influencing the disease’s presentation, spread patterns, and treatment options. Early-stage laryngeal cancer is usually highly curable with surgical or radiation monotherapy, often preserving the larynx. However, late-stage disease requires multimodal therapy and is associated with worse outcomes, frequently necessitating more extensive treatment that may not preserve the larynx. […] Hoarseness is the most common initial symptom of glottic cancers due to vocal cord immobility or fixation, with pain while swallowing and referred ear pain potentially indicating advanced disease. In contrast, pain with swallowing is the most common early symptom of supraglottic cancer, with hoarseness presenting later and indicating more advanced disease extending into the glottis. Nodal metastases often present as fixed, firm, painless masses in the neck. Late symptoms across all subsites include weight loss, dysphagia, aspiration and its sequelae, and airway compromise.

• #2 Laryngeal cancer: What you should know | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/laryngeal-cancer–what-you-should-know.h00-159619434.html

  Hoarseness is the most common symptom of laryngeal cancer. Other symptoms include: trouble swallowing, shortness of breath, blood-tinged mucus. […] If you’ve got hoarseness and/or persistent voice changes for more than a week, or you have hoarseness associated with other symptoms, you should see an ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialist.

• #3 Laryngeal Cancer: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16611-laryngeal-cancer

  Laryngeal cancer symptoms include voice changes, such as hoarseness, and a sore throat or cough that wont go away. […] The most common symptom hoarseness that doesnt improve after a few weeks is easy to mistake as a sign of a cold. If you experience the following symptoms, talk to a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis: Sore throat or cough that doesnt improve. Voice changes, such as hoarseness, that dont improve after two weeks. Pain or other difficulties when you swallow. Lump in your neck or throat. Trouble making voice sounds (dysphonia). Ear pain. […] If you have these symptoms, seek medical attention right away: Trouble breathing (dyspnea). Breathing thats noisy and high-pitched (stridor). The feeling that somethings in your throat (globus sensation). Coughing up blood (hemoptysis).

• #4

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/laryngeal-cancer/

  Laryngeal cancer is a type of cancer that affects the larynx (voice box). […] The main symptom of laryngeal cancer is having a hoarse voice for more than 3 weeks. […] Other symptoms include: a change in your voice, such as sounding hoarse, pain when swallowing or difficulty swallowing, a lump or swelling in your neck, a long-lasting cough or breathlessness, a persistent sore throat or earache, a high-pitched wheezing noise when you breathe, in severe cases, difficulty breathing. […] Some people may also experience bad breath, unintentional weight loss, or fatigue (extreme tiredness).

• #5 Signs & Symptoms of Throat Cancer | What Are Signs of Throat Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/laryngeal-and-hypopharyngeal-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-symptoms.html

  Hoarseness or voice changes. […] Laryngeal cancers that form on the vocal cords (glottis) often cause hoarseness or a change in the voice. This might lead to them being found at a very early stage. If you have voice changes (like hoarseness) that do not improve within 2 weeks see your health care provider right away. Pain and trouble breathing or swallowing might be symptoms of more advanced laryngeal cancer. […] For cancers that dont start on the vocal cords, hoarseness occurs only after these cancers reach a later stage or have spread to the vocal cords. These cancers are sometimes not found until they have spread to the lymph nodes and you notice a growing mass in your neck. […] Signs and symptoms of these cancers may include: A sore throat that does not go away, Pain when swallowing, Trouble swallowing, Ear pain, Trouble breathing, Weight loss, A lump or mass in the neck (because the cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes). […] Many of these symptoms are more likely to be caused by conditions other than laryngeal or hypopharyngeal cancer. Still, if you have any of these symptoms, it is very important to have them checked by a doctor so that the cause can be found and treated, if needed.

• #6 Laryngeal cancer: Early and late stage symptoms

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/laryngeal-tumor-symptoms

  Laryngeal tumor symptoms include pain, voice changes, and neck lumps. […] Common symptoms of laryngeal cancer include: persistent sore throat, difficulty or pain when swallowing, trouble swallowing, ear pain, trouble breathing, unintentional weight loss, a lump or noticeable neck mass, ongoing throat pain. […] Other symptoms may include: a high-pitched whistling or wheezing sound when breathing, known as stridor, a persistent cough, coughing up blood, bad breath, fatigue. […] The later stages of throat cancer can produce symptoms such as difficulty breathing, unintentional weight loss, and a noticeable neck lump.

• #7 Laryngeal (larynx) cancer | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/cancer/cancer-types-in-adults/laryngeal-larynx-cancer/

  Laryngeal cancer is a type of cancer that affects the larynx (voice box). […] The main symptoms of laryngeal cancer include: a change in your voice, such as sounding hoarse; pain when swallowing or difficulty swallowing; a lump or swelling in your neck; a long-lasting cough; a persistent sore throat or earache; in severe cases, difficulty breathing. […] Some people may also experience bad breath, breathlessness, a high-pitched wheezing noise when breathing, unexplained weight loss, or fatigue (extreme tiredness). […] You should speak to your GP if you have had any of the main symptoms for more than 3 weeks. […] If necessary, your GP can refer you to a hospital specialist for further tests to confirm or rule out cancer. […] Radiotherapy or surgery to remove the cancerous cells from the larynx can often cure laryngeal cancer if it’s diagnosed early.

• #8 Throat or larynx cancer Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/throat-or-larynx-cancer

  Throat cancer is cancer of the vocal cords, larynx (voice box), pharynx, or other areas of the throat. […] Symptoms of throat cancer include any of the following: Abnormal (high-pitched) breathing sounds, Cough, Coughing up blood, Difficulty swallowing, Hoarseness that does not get better in 3 to 4 weeks, Neck or ear pain, Sore throat that does not get better in 2 to 3 weeks, even with antibiotics, Swelling or lumps in the neck, Weight loss not due to dieting. […] The recurrence risk in people with throat cancer is highest during the first 2 to 3 years of diagnosis. […] Contact your provider if: You have symptoms of throat cancer, especially hoarseness or a change in voice with no obvious cause that lasts longer than 3 weeks, You find a lump in your neck that does not go away in 3 weeks.

• #9 Symptoms | Laryngeal cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/laryngeal-cancer/symptoms

  Having a hoarse voice for more than 3 weeks is one of the most common symptoms of laryngeal cancer. […] If you have a hoarse voice for more than 3 weeks, it could be a sign of laryngeal cancer. […] Shortness of breath and stridor is a serious symptom that should not be ignored. You need to see your doctor urgently. […] Weight loss is a common symptom of many cancers, including advanced laryngeal cancer. […] You should see your doctor if you have lost weight in a short time and you are not dieting. […] You should see your doctor if you: have a hoarse voice for more than 3 weeks, have pain or difficulty swallowing, are short of breath or have a cough that doesn’t go away, or your breathing becomes noisy, have a lump or swelling in the throat or neck, have lost weight in a short time and you are not dieting, have any other symptoms that are unusual for you or that don’t go away.

• #10 Symptoms – Advanced Laryngeal Cancer – THE VOICE FOUNDATION

  https://voicefoundation.org/health-science/voice-disorders/voice-disorders/laryngeal-advanced-cancer/symptoms-advanced-laryngeal-cancer/

  Laryngeal cancer can become symptomatic (evident to the patient or the physician) in different ways, often depending on the exact location of the tumor within the larynx. […] Symptoms Depend on Location of Tumor […] Patients with supraglottic tumors complain of: trouble swallowing (dysphagia), pain in the ear on the side of the tumor (otalgia), trouble breathing (dyspnea), noisy breathing (stridor), or, later in the disease, voice changes or a lump (mass) in the neck. […] Tumors on the vocal folds usually present earlier than supraglottic or subglottic tumors. The usual symptom is a prolonged voice change, such as hoarseness, lasting for more than one to two months. […] In advanced laryngeal cancer involving the vocal folds, the voice may be breathy due to impaired movement or complete paralysis of one of the vocal folds.

• #11 Laryngeal cancer: Symptoms, treatment and preventative measures | CURAPROX

  https://curaprox.us/blog/post/laryngeal-cancer-symptoms-treatment-and-preventative-measures?srsltid=AfmBOoo2wGkEqL60WoqLchBVtKN8zTCzmIRWn8P3NmT3n22OWcjLfwu6

  Laryngeal cancer ranks as the third most common type of cancer that starts in the head and neck region. […] The first sign of the disease can be changes to the sound of your voice, such as hoarseness. Initially, laryngeal cancer symptoms might resemble common throat inflammation, leading to the disease often not being recognised at an early stage. […] A major indicator of possible laryngeal cancer is hoarseness, but also difficulty swallowing. This is especially true for smokers. If these symptoms persist for more than two weeks, it is crucial to go and have things checked by a health care professional. […] Possible symptoms of carcinomas in the supraglottis area (above the vocal cords): Difficulty swallowing, Weight loss, Pain that occasionally radiates towards the ears, Sensation of a foreign body in the oral cavity, Hoarseness (in the advanced stage).

• #12 Signs and symptoms of laryngeal (larynx) cancer | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/laryngeal-larynx-cancer/signs-and-symptoms

  Your symptoms will depend on where in the larynx the cancer is. The most common symptom is changes to your voice, such as hoarseness. […] Common symptoms include: […] Hoarseness – the most common symptom is changes to your voice, such as hoarseness. This may be an early sign of the cancer affecting your vocal cords. If you notice any changes to your voice, you should see your GP. If you have hoarseness for 3 to 4 weeks that does not go away, your GP should refer you to a hospital for tests. […] A lump in the throat or neck – sometimes, the first symptom you notice might be a lump in the throat or neck. You may also have discomfort or pain when chewing or swallowing. […] These symptoms are more common when the cancer starts above the vocal cords. This is called supraglottic cancer of the larynx.

• #13 Laryngeal cancer: Symptoms, treatment and preventative measures | CURAPROX

  https://curaprox.us/blog/post/laryngeal-cancer-symptoms-treatment-and-preventative-measures?srsltid=AfmBOoo2wGkEqL60WoqLchBVtKN8zTCzmIRWn8P3NmT3n22OWcjLfwu6

  Possible symptoms of carcinomas in the glottis area (vocal cords): Persistent hoarseness, Scratchy throat, Constant throat clearing, Breathing difficulties and stridor (a high-pitched sound during inhalation) or shortness of breath (in advanced stages). […] Possible symptoms of carcinomas in the subglottis area (below the vocal cords): Breathing difficulties / shortness of breath, Hoarseness. It is important to note that carcinomas in the subglottis area frequently go unnoticed for extended periods, with symptoms emerging typically as the tumour grows. […] Important: If you are experiencing hoarseness or any of the aforementioned symptoms persistently for over two weeks, go and see an ENT specialist immediately. Tumours of the larynx that are detected early hold a high likelihood of successful treatment, particularly if they have not yet spread to the lymph nodes.

• #14 Symptoms – Advanced Laryngeal Cancer – THE VOICE FOUNDATION

  https://voicefoundation.org/health-science/voice-disorders/voice-disorders/laryngeal-advanced-cancer/symptoms-advanced-laryngeal-cancer/

  The symptoms of subglottic tumors usually include trouble breathing because the mass is growing into the airway (blocking the windpipe). […] A symptom that is particularly worrisome is pain that occurs, for no apparent reason, with swallowing, in conjunction with other difficulty swallowing, particularly solid foods. […] Bleeding or coughing up blood can also be a sign of a tumor in the larynx.

• #15 Symptoms – Advanced Laryngeal Cancer – THE VOICE FOUNDATION

  https://voicefoundation.org/health-science/voice-disorders/voice-disorders/laryngeal-advanced-cancer/symptoms-advanced-laryngeal-cancer/

  The symptoms of subglottic tumors usually include trouble breathing because the mass is growing into the airway (blocking the windpipe). […] A symptom that is particularly worrisome is pain that occurs, for no apparent reason, with swallowing, in conjunction with other difficulty swallowing, particularly solid foods. […] Bleeding or coughing up blood can also be a sign of a tumor in the larynx.

• #16 Signs and symptoms of laryngeal (larynx) cancer | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/laryngeal-larynx-cancer/signs-and-symptoms

  Other less common symptoms include: […] feeling breathless […] having a cough that does not go away. […] This may happen when the cancer affects the area below the vocal cords in the subglottis, near the windpipe (trachea). But this is quite rare. […] If you have any of the symptoms above, you should tell your GP. Other conditions may be causing the symptoms, but it is important to get them checked.

• #17 Laryngeal Cancer: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/cancer/head-and-neck-cancer/laryngeal-cancer

  Laryngeal cancer is cancer of the larynx, also known as the voice box. […] Early stages of laryngeal cancer may not cause any symptoms, and when symptoms do occur, they can be mistaken for signs of another condition. Symptoms of laryngeal cancer include: Sore throat, Vocal changes like hoarseness, Pain while swallowing, Difficulty swallowing, Ear pain, A lump in the neck or throat. […] Some symptoms of laryngeal cancer require immediate medical attention: Trouble breathing, Breathing that is high-pitched or noisy, Coughing up blood. […] If laryngeal cancer progresses, it can cause complications. Possible complications include: Airway obstructions, Loss of speech, Hardening of neck skin, Neck disfigurement, Difficulty swallowing.

• #18 Laryngeal Cancer Symptoms, Causes and Survival Rate

  https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/throat-cancer/types/laryngeal-cancer

  Laryngeal cancer occurs when a tumor grows in the larynx or on the vocal cords. It is treatable, especially if caught early, and there are many surgical procedures that may preserve the patients voice. […] Laryngeal cancer symptoms may include: Prolonged cough, sore throat or hoarseness without cause, Coughing up blood, Problems or pain when swallowing, Pain in the ears, Lump, pain or swelling in the neck, Unexplained weight loss, Breathing that sounds high-pitched. […] If a patient has some of these symptoms and is in a particular demographic, the doctor may be concerned about laryngeal cancer. […] The outlook for patients with laryngeal cancer depends on how big and advanced the cancer is, as well as how strange the tumors cancerous cells look. Age and general health are also taken into consideration.

• #19 Throat Cancer: Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment | Alpine BioMedical

  https://alpine-biomedical.ch/en/blog/throat-cancer/

  Laryngeal cancer, also known as laryngeal carcinoma, is a malignant tumor of the larynx that mostly affects smokers and people who consume large amounts of alcohol. […] If the tumor is large enough, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing and breathing problems occur, which severely restrict quality of life and make treatment necessary. […] The first signs are often persistent hoarseness, difficulty swallowing or a feeling of pressure in the throat. […] Symptoms in the early stages, symptoms in the final stage The symptoms of laryngeal cancer vary considerably depending on the subtype and stage. […] In the early stages, the main symptoms are hoarseness, difficulty swallowing and slight breathing restrictions, which are often associated with a cold. […] In the later course of the disease and in the final stage, swelling of the lymph nodes, bloody sputum, pain, weight loss and severe swallowing and breathing difficulties can occur. […] It is therefore important to be alert at the first signs so that appropriate treatment can be initiated as quickly as possible.

• #20 Larynx (Voice Box) Cancer

  https://www.froedtert.com/head-neck-cancers/laryngeal-hypopharyngeal-cancer

  Laryngeal Cancer Symptoms: […] – Voice changes/hoarseness […] – Trouble or pain with swallowing […] – Difficulty breathing […] – Noisy breathing […] – Cough […] – Sore throat […] – Spitting or coughing up blood […] – Ear pain […] – Weight loss […] […] […] The symptoms of early stage laryngeal cancer can be very vague in general, but typically include voice changes such as hoarseness or breathiness. Patients can have difficulty swallowing and some ear or throat pain. […] […] […] Symptoms of late-stage laryngeal cancer often include the following: […] – Throat pain […] – Severe voice changes […] – Swallowing difficulties even swallowing liquids and their own saliva […] – Difficulty breathing or noisy breathing called stridor […] – Ear pain

• #21 Laryngeal Cancer: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16611-laryngeal-cancer

  Laryngeal cancer symptoms include voice changes, such as hoarseness, and a sore throat or cough that wont go away. […] The most common symptom hoarseness that doesnt improve after a few weeks is easy to mistake as a sign of a cold. If you experience the following symptoms, talk to a healthcare provider for an accurate diagnosis: Sore throat or cough that doesnt improve. Voice changes, such as hoarseness, that dont improve after two weeks. Pain or other difficulties when you swallow. Lump in your neck or throat. Trouble making voice sounds (dysphonia). Ear pain. […] If you have these symptoms, seek medical attention right away: Trouble breathing (dyspnea). Breathing thats noisy and high-pitched (stridor). The feeling that somethings in your throat (globus sensation). Coughing up blood (hemoptysis).

• #22 Laryngeal Cancer: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/cancer/head-and-neck-cancer/laryngeal-cancer

  Laryngeal cancer is cancer of the larynx, also known as the voice box. […] Early stages of laryngeal cancer may not cause any symptoms, and when symptoms do occur, they can be mistaken for signs of another condition. Symptoms of laryngeal cancer include: Sore throat, Vocal changes like hoarseness, Pain while swallowing, Difficulty swallowing, Ear pain, A lump in the neck or throat. […] Some symptoms of laryngeal cancer require immediate medical attention: Trouble breathing, Breathing that is high-pitched or noisy, Coughing up blood. […] If laryngeal cancer progresses, it can cause complications. Possible complications include: Airway obstructions, Loss of speech, Hardening of neck skin, Neck disfigurement, Difficulty swallowing.

• #23 Symptoms | Laryngeal cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/laryngeal-cancer/symptoms

  Having a hoarse voice for more than 3 weeks is one of the most common symptoms of laryngeal cancer. […] If you have a hoarse voice for more than 3 weeks, it could be a sign of laryngeal cancer. […] Shortness of breath and stridor is a serious symptom that should not be ignored. You need to see your doctor urgently. […] Weight loss is a common symptom of many cancers, including advanced laryngeal cancer. […] You should see your doctor if you have lost weight in a short time and you are not dieting. […] You should see your doctor if you: have a hoarse voice for more than 3 weeks, have pain or difficulty swallowing, are short of breath or have a cough that doesn’t go away, or your breathing becomes noisy, have a lump or swelling in the throat or neck, have lost weight in a short time and you are not dieting, have any other symptoms that are unusual for you or that don’t go away.

• #24 Laryngeal Cancer – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526076/

  Laryngeal cancer accounts for one-third of head and neck cancers, posing a significant global health concern due to its impact on morbidity and mortality. This cancer can involve various parts of the larynx, including the supraglottis, glottis, and subglottis, each influencing the disease’s presentation, spread patterns, and treatment options. Early-stage laryngeal cancer is usually highly curable with surgical or radiation monotherapy, often preserving the larynx. However, late-stage disease requires multimodal therapy and is associated with worse outcomes, frequently necessitating more extensive treatment that may not preserve the larynx. […] Hoarseness is the most common initial symptom of glottic cancers due to vocal cord immobility or fixation, with pain while swallowing and referred ear pain potentially indicating advanced disease. In contrast, pain with swallowing is the most common early symptom of supraglottic cancer, with hoarseness presenting later and indicating more advanced disease extending into the glottis. Nodal metastases often present as fixed, firm, painless masses in the neck. Late symptoms across all subsites include weight loss, dysphagia, aspiration and its sequelae, and airway compromise.

• #25 Laryngeal Cancer – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526076/

  Each primary subsite of laryngeal carcinoma carries different implications in symptomatic presentation, patterns of spread, prognosis, and treatment paradigms. Early-stage disease is often highly treatable or curable in the supraglottis and glottis, although the prognosis remains poor in the subglottis. Early-stage (stage I or II) laryngeal cancer can be successfully treated with monotherapy, meaning a single-modality of treatment, either surgical or radiation therapy, which typically preserves the larynx. In contrast, advanced-stage disease (stage III or IV) carries a significantly poorer prognosis across all subsites, although the pattern is maintained. Glottic primaries often yield the best outcomes, followed by supraglottic and then subglottic tumors.

• #26 Laryngeal Cancer: Symptoms, Treatment, and Recovery Guide

  https://www.kolhapurcancercentre.com/condition/laryngeal-voice-box-cancer-treatment/

  Laryngeal Cancer refers to cancers that develop in the larynx, also known as the voice box. […] Laryngeal Cancer occurs when the cells in the larynx undergo genetic mutations. These mutations cause the cells to grow uncontrollably and form a tumor. […] Laryngeal Cancer is classified into stages and grades to determine its severity and guide treatment: […] Stage I: Cancer is limited to one area of the larynx and has not spread. […] Stage II: Cancer has spread to another part of the larynx. […] Stage III: Cancer has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes. […] Stage IV: Cancer has spread to other parts of the body. […] Signs Symptoms: Hoarseness or voice changes that do not go away. […] Sore throat or cough that does not go away. […] Difficulty or pain when swallowing. […] Lump in the neck or throat.

• #27 The Stages of Laryngeal Cancer: What to Know

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cancer/laryngeal-cancer-staging

  Laryngeal cancer happens when abnormal (cancerous) cells start to grow in your larynx (also known as your voice box). […] When a doctor diagnoses cancer, they will identify the cancers stage based on the size of the tumor and whether the cancer has spread to another part of your body. […] Cancer that starts in the glottis is most likely to be diagnosed at an early stage. It causes changes in your voice or makes your voice hoarse since the cancer is growing around your vocal cords. […] Cancer in the supraglottis or subglottis doesn’t cause voice changes until it reaches a more advanced stage. At that point, it may have already spread to your vocal cords. […] Symptoms include: a sore throat, a lump on your throat, difficulty swallowing or pain with swallowing, ear pain, trouble breathing.

• #28

  https://www.aurorahealthcare.org/services/cancer/head-neck-cancer/laryngeal-cancer

  Laryngeal cancer is similar to pharyngeal cancer. […] Signs of throat cancer, or laryngeal cancer, may include: Chronic sore throat or cough, Ear pain, Hoarseness or other voice changes, Lump in the neck or throat, Pain or difficulty swallowing. […] Early signs of laryngeal cancer: In stages 0, 1 and 2, the tumor is small. Cancer hasn’t spread beyond your larynx, and it’s more curable. […] Advanced signs of laryngeal cancer: In stages 3 and 4, the tumor has grown larger. It’s affecting your vocal cords or has invaded your lymph nodes or other areas of your body.

• #29 Laryngeal Cancer: Symptoms, Treatment, and Recovery Guide

  https://www.kolhapurcancercentre.com/condition/laryngeal-voice-box-cancer-treatment/

  Ear pain. […] Breathing difficulties. […] Unexplained weight loss. […] If you notice any persistent symptoms such as hoarseness, difficulty swallowing, or a lump in the neck, it is crucial to consult a specialist. Early detection significantly improves treatment outcomes. […] The prognosis for Laryngeal Cancer varies based on several factors, including the type of cancer, its stage at diagnosis, and the patients response to treatment. Generally, the prognosis is good for early-stage Laryngeal Cancer, with high survival rates. […] Early symptoms include hoarseness, sore throat, and difficulty swallowing. […] Diagnosis involves physical examination, laryngoscopy, biopsy, and imaging tests. […] Survival rates are generally high for early-stage detection and successful treatment.

• #30 Laryngeal cancer – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngeal_cancer

  Laryngeal cancer may spread by: direct extension to adjacent structures, metastasis to regional cervical lymph nodes, or via the blood stream. The symptoms of laryngeal cancer depend on the size and location of the tumour. Symptoms may include the following: Hoarseness or other voice changes […] A lump in the neck […] A sore throat or feeling that something is stuck in the throat […] Persistent cough […] Stridor – a high-pitched wheezing sound indicative of a narrowed or obstructed airway […] Bad breath […] Earache (due to referred pain) […] Difficulty swallowing.

• #31 Laryngeal Cancer Treatment – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck/patient/adult/laryngeal-treatment-pdq

  Laryngeal cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the tissues of the larynx. […] Signs and symptoms of laryngeal cancer include a sore throat and ear pain. […] These and other signs and symptoms may be caused by laryngeal cancer or by other conditions. Check with your doctor if you have any of the following: A sore throat or cough that does not go away. Trouble or pain when swallowing. Ear pain. A lump in the neck or throat. A change or hoarseness in the voice. […] Laryngeal cancer can recur (come back) after it has been treated. The cancer may come back in the larynx or in other parts of the body, such as lungs, liver, or bone. It is most likely to come back in the first 2 to 3 years.

• #32 Laryngeal Cancer (Throat Cancer) Symptoms, Signs & Causes

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/larygeal_cancer/article_em.htm

  Signs and symptoms of laryngeal cancer include a sore throat and ear pain. […] A sore throat or cough that does not go away. […] Trouble or pain when swallowing. […] Ear pain. […] A lump in the neck or throat. […] A change or hoarseness in the voice. […] After laryngeal cancer has been diagnosed, tests are done to find out if cancer cells have spread within the larynx or to other parts of the body. […] The process used to find out if cancer has spread within the larynx or to other parts of the body is called staging. […] Cancer may spread from where it began to other parts of the body. […] The metastatic tumor is the same type of cancer as the primary tumor. […] Recurrent laryngeal cancer is cancer that has recurred (come back) after it has been treated. The cancer is most likely to come back in the first 2 to 3 years. It may come back in the larynx or in other parts of the body.

• #33 Throat or larynx cancer Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/throat-or-larynx-cancer

  Throat cancer is cancer of the vocal cords, larynx (voice box), pharynx, or other areas of the throat. […] Symptoms of throat cancer include any of the following: Abnormal (high-pitched) breathing sounds, Cough, Coughing up blood, Difficulty swallowing, Hoarseness that does not get better in 3 to 4 weeks, Neck or ear pain, Sore throat that does not get better in 2 to 3 weeks, even with antibiotics, Swelling or lumps in the neck, Weight loss not due to dieting. […] The recurrence risk in people with throat cancer is highest during the first 2 to 3 years of diagnosis. […] Contact your provider if: You have symptoms of throat cancer, especially hoarseness or a change in voice with no obvious cause that lasts longer than 3 weeks, You find a lump in your neck that does not go away in 3 weeks.

• #34 Throat or larynx cancer: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001042.htm

  Throat cancer is cancer of the vocal cords, larynx (voice box), pharynx, or other areas of the throat. […] Symptoms of throat cancer include any of the following: Abnormal (high-pitched) breathing sounds, Cough, Coughing up blood, Difficulty swallowing, Hoarseness that does not get better in 3 to 4 weeks, Neck or ear pain, Sore throat that does not get better in 2 to 3 weeks, even with antibiotics, Swelling or lumps in the neck, Weight loss not due to dieting. […] The recurrence risk in people with throat cancer is highest during the first 2 to 3 years of diagnosis. Regular follow-up after the diagnosis and treatment is very important to increase the chances of survival.

• #35 Larynx (Voice Box) Cancer

  https://www.froedtert.com/head-neck-cancers/laryngeal-hypopharyngeal-cancer

  – Throat pain […] – Feeling of a foreign body or a „frog” in their throat […] – Increased phlegm […] – Chronic cough […] – Coughing up blood […] – Significant weight loss (10 or more pounds) […] […] […] Laryngeal cancer is curable if treated adequately. Early-stage tumors that haven’t spread beyond the voice box have a survival rate of approximately 60 to 80%. Very advanced laryngeal cancers that have spread to other parts of the body tend to have a lower survival rate from 30 to 40%. […] […] […] Survival rates after a total laryngectomy can be quite good. For many patients, a laryngectomy is the last part of their cancer treatment if they have not had a cure of their cancer from chemotherapy and radiation. In general, the survival rate for people who have larynx cancer that requires a laryngectomy exceeds 70%.

• #36 Larynx (Laryngeal) Cancer Symptoms, Treatment, Survival Rate

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/is_stage_3_larynx_cancer_curable/article_em.htm

  Larynx cancer (laryngeal cancer) is a type of head and neck cancer that occurs when cells in the larynx (voice box) grow abnormally and out of control. […] Symptoms of larynx cancer (laryngeal cancer) include: Hoarseness, Changes in voice, A sore throat that does not go away, Pain when swallowing, Difficulty swallowing, Ear pain, Trouble breathing, Weight loss, A lump or mass in the neck (if cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes). […] Stage 3 larynx cancer has a high risk of spreading to nearby lymph nodes (if it hasn’t already) so nearby lymph nodes are often removed with the tumor. […] The 5-year survival rate for stage 3 larynx cancer is about 60%, meaning 60% of people with larynx cancer will survive for 5 years or more after diagnosis.

• #37 What Every Patient Should Know About Laryngeal Cancer | Larynx Cancer | Voice Box Cancer | University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center

  https://www.rogelcancercenter.org/head-and-neck-cancer/voicebox/what-patients-should-know

  Five-year cure rates vary from 40-60%. […] Many patients and physicians will select primary radiation for treatment of advanced laryngeal cancers. […] One of the most exciting advances in the treatment of patients with advanced laryngeal cancer has been the introduction of chemotherapy as initial treatment. […] For such patients, laryngeal function, voice, swallowing and quality of life are preserved. […] Five-year cure rates for patients with advanced disease managed in this fashion are now in the range of 80% at the University of Michigan.

• #38 Laryngeal Cancer – Ear, Nose, and Throat Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/ear-nose-and-throat-disorders/mouth-nose-and-throat-cancers/laryngeal-cancer

  Laryngeal cancer commonly originates on the vocal cords and rapidly causes hoarseness. A person who has been hoarse for more than 2 to 3 weeks should seek medical attention. […] Cancers originating in other parts of the larynx develop more slowly and first cause symptoms other than hoarseness, such as weight loss, throat pain, ear pain, difficulty swallowing or breathing. […] Sometimes, however, a lump in the neck resulting from the cancer’s spread to a lymph node (metastasis) may be noticed before any other symptoms. […] The larger the laryngeal cancer is and the more it has spread, the worse the prognosis. If the tumor also has invaded muscle, bone, or cartilage, cure is less likely. About 85 to 95% of people with small vocal cord cancers that have not spread anywhere (metastasized) survive for 5 years, compared with fewer than 48% of those who have laryngeal cancers that have spread to the local lymph nodes. For people who have cancers that have spread beyond the local lymph nodes, the chance of surviving longer than 5 years is about 35%.

• #39 Recognising laryngeal cancer in primary care: a large case–control study using electronic records

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6355262/

  Over 1700 people are diagnosed with laryngeal cancer annually in England. Current National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines on referral for suspected laryngeal cancer were based on clinical consensus, in the absence of primary care studies. To identify and quantify the primary care features of laryngeal cancer. Ten features were significantly associated with laryngeal cancer: hoarseness odds ratio [OR] 904 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 277 to 2945); sore throat, first attendance OR 6.2 (95% CI = 3.7 to 10); sore throat, re-attendance OR 7.7 (95% CI = 2.6 to 23); dysphagia OR 6.5 (95% CI = 2.7 to 16); otalgia OR 5.0 (95% CI = 1.9 to 13); dyspnoea, re-attendance OR 4.7 (95% CI = 1.9 to 12); mouth symptoms OR 4.7 (95% CI = 1.8 to 12); recurrent chest infection OR 4.5 (95% CI = 2.4 to 8.5); insomnia OR 2.7 (95% CI = 1.3 to 5.6); and raised inflammatory markers OR 2.5 (95% CI = 1.5 to 4.1). Hoarseness had the highest individual PPV of 2.7%. These results expand current NICE guidance by identifying new symptom combinations that are associated with laryngeal cancer; they may help GPs to select more appropriate patients for referral. Early detection and referral in primary care is crucial to avoid diagnostic delay one of the main predictors of poor prognosis in laryngeal cancer. A recent UK study of 28 cancers identified laryngeal cancer as having the fifth-longest primary care interval time (time from diagnosis to referral). The lack of specific visible or palpable signs for laryngeal cancer means that GPs must select appropriate patients for referral based on presenting symptoms. Current guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) suggest urgent referral for suspected laryngeal cancer in patients presenting with persistent unexplained hoarseness or unexplained neck lump. However, the lack of primary care evidence meant these recommendations were based on consensus. The clinical prodrome for laryngeal cancer is unclear. Existing research has focused on investigating symptoms of head and neck cancers collectively. Indeed, in this study, hoarseness was the symptom with the highest individual risk of laryngeal cancer, approaching the 3% NICE investigation threshold. Patients reporting combined symptom combinations not identified in current NICE guidance such as sore throat with dysphagia, with recurrent dyspnoea, or with otalgia had risk estimates of 5%. These results expand on current cancer guidelines and may improve GPs future selection of patients for referral for suspected laryngeal cancer.

• #40 About Laryngeal Cancer | Willamette Valley Head & Neck Cancer Experts

  https://www.oregoncancer.com/head-neck-cancers/laryngeal-cancer

  Laryngeal cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancer) cells form in the larynx tissues–the part of the throat between the base of the tongue and the trachea. […] Laryngeal cancer is a type of head and neck cancer that forms in squamous cells, which are the thin, flat cells that line the inside of the larynx. […] There are several signs and symptoms related to laryngeal cancer; however, it is essential to remember that they can also be symptoms of other diseases. See your doctor if you have: A change in your voice, such as unexplained hoarseness, A lump in the neck, Persistent sore throat, Ear pain not caused by an ear infection or other condition, Pain or difficulty when swallowing. […] Again, these could be symptomatic of something other than cancer. With that said, if any of these symptoms last for more than three weeks, it is a good idea to be checked by a doctor. If it is cancer, early detection can give you better treatment results.

• #41

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/laryngeal-cancer/diagnosis/

  If you have symptoms of laryngeal cancer, such as a hoarse voice and pain when swallowing, your GP will ask about your symptoms and recent medical history. […] The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends that anyone aged 45 or over with persistent unexplained hoarseness or an unexplained lump in their neck should have an appointment with a specialist within 2 weeks. […] If the results of the biopsy show you have cancer and there’s a risk it may have spread, you’ll probably be referred for further testing to assess how widespread the cancer is. […] Lower-grade cancers, such as grade 1, tend to grow more slowly and are less likely to spread. […] Higher-grade cancers, such as grade 3, grow quickly and are more likely to spread.

• #42 Recognising laryngeal cancer in primary care: a large case–control study using electronic records

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6355262/

  Over 1700 people are diagnosed with laryngeal cancer annually in England. Current National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines on referral for suspected laryngeal cancer were based on clinical consensus, in the absence of primary care studies. To identify and quantify the primary care features of laryngeal cancer. Ten features were significantly associated with laryngeal cancer: hoarseness odds ratio [OR] 904 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 277 to 2945); sore throat, first attendance OR 6.2 (95% CI = 3.7 to 10); sore throat, re-attendance OR 7.7 (95% CI = 2.6 to 23); dysphagia OR 6.5 (95% CI = 2.7 to 16); otalgia OR 5.0 (95% CI = 1.9 to 13); dyspnoea, re-attendance OR 4.7 (95% CI = 1.9 to 12); mouth symptoms OR 4.7 (95% CI = 1.8 to 12); recurrent chest infection OR 4.5 (95% CI = 2.4 to 8.5); insomnia OR 2.7 (95% CI = 1.3 to 5.6); and raised inflammatory markers OR 2.5 (95% CI = 1.5 to 4.1). Hoarseness had the highest individual PPV of 2.7%. These results expand current NICE guidance by identifying new symptom combinations that are associated with laryngeal cancer; they may help GPs to select more appropriate patients for referral. Early detection and referral in primary care is crucial to avoid diagnostic delay one of the main predictors of poor prognosis in laryngeal cancer. A recent UK study of 28 cancers identified laryngeal cancer as having the fifth-longest primary care interval time (time from diagnosis to referral). The lack of specific visible or palpable signs for laryngeal cancer means that GPs must select appropriate patients for referral based on presenting symptoms. Current guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) suggest urgent referral for suspected laryngeal cancer in patients presenting with persistent unexplained hoarseness or unexplained neck lump. However, the lack of primary care evidence meant these recommendations were based on consensus. The clinical prodrome for laryngeal cancer is unclear. Existing research has focused on investigating symptoms of head and neck cancers collectively. Indeed, in this study, hoarseness was the symptom with the highest individual risk of laryngeal cancer, approaching the 3% NICE investigation threshold. Patients reporting combined symptom combinations not identified in current NICE guidance such as sore throat with dysphagia, with recurrent dyspnoea, or with otalgia had risk estimates of 5%. These results expand on current cancer guidelines and may improve GPs future selection of patients for referral for suspected laryngeal cancer.

• #43 Laryngeal Cancer: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16611-laryngeal-cancer

  After your treatment, youll continue to have follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider to make sure youre recovering well. Your provider will: Treat any pain. Help you manage swallowing problems or mucositis (ulcers in your digestive tract). Discuss your diet to make sure youre eating and swallowing with no problems. Prescribe physical therapy for scarring in your neck or trouble opening your mouth. […] Your outlook depends on several factors, such as your cancers stage, your age and overall health. Generally, early laryngeal has a better cure rate. Advanced cancer that spreads to other areas has a poorer survival rate. […] If you had a total laryngectomy (surgeons removed your larynx), youll need to learn a new way to speak. A speech therapist can help. If the surgeon only removed part of your larynx, your voice may feel hoarse at first, but youll likely regain your voice. Still, it may feel and sound different from before.

• #44 Laryngeal (Voice Box) Cancer – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/cancer/types-treatments/head-neck-cancers/laryngeal-cancer

  For advanced laryngeal cancers, we may first try a combination of chemotherapy and radiation (known as chemoradiation) to cure the cancer, followed by surgery only if the tumor cancer does not respond. […] Immunotherapy, which helps the immune system fight cancer, may be helpful in some patients with laryngeal cancer. […] The goal is to help patients preserve or regain their ability to speak, swallow and breathe during and after treatment and to support the recovery process with proactive care. […] If anything lasts greater than two weeks, have a fairly low threshold to see your doctor for further evaluation. […] Early diagnosis is key in both outcomes and decreasing the morbidity, some of the side effects, both from the treatment and the tumor itself.

• #45 Laryngeal (larynx) cancer | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/cancer/cancer-types-in-adults/laryngeal-larynx-cancer/

  If the cancer is advanced, a combination of surgery to remove part or all of the larynx, radiotherapy and chemotherapy can be used. […] A total laryngectomy is usually used to treat advanced laryngeal cancer. The operation involves removing your entire larynx. […] As your vocal cords will be removed, you won’t be able to speak in the usual way after the operation. However, there are several ways to help restore your speech. […] If you have a total laryngectomy, your surgeon will also need to create a permanent hole in your neck (called a stoma) to help you breathe after the operation.

• #46 Laryngeal Cancer: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16611-laryngeal-cancer

  After your treatment, youll continue to have follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider to make sure youre recovering well. Your provider will: Treat any pain. Help you manage swallowing problems or mucositis (ulcers in your digestive tract). Discuss your diet to make sure youre eating and swallowing with no problems. Prescribe physical therapy for scarring in your neck or trouble opening your mouth. […] Your outlook depends on several factors, such as your cancers stage, your age and overall health. Generally, early laryngeal has a better cure rate. Advanced cancer that spreads to other areas has a poorer survival rate. […] If you had a total laryngectomy (surgeons removed your larynx), youll need to learn a new way to speak. A speech therapist can help. If the surgeon only removed part of your larynx, your voice may feel hoarse at first, but youll likely regain your voice. Still, it may feel and sound different from before.

• #47 Laryngeal Cancer: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16611-laryngeal-cancer

  After your treatment, youll continue to have follow-up appointments with your healthcare provider to make sure youre recovering well. Your provider will: Treat any pain. Help you manage swallowing problems or mucositis (ulcers in your digestive tract). Discuss your diet to make sure youre eating and swallowing with no problems. Prescribe physical therapy for scarring in your neck or trouble opening your mouth. […] Your outlook depends on several factors, such as your cancers stage, your age and overall health. Generally, early laryngeal has a better cure rate. Advanced cancer that spreads to other areas has a poorer survival rate. […] If you had a total laryngectomy (surgeons removed your larynx), youll need to learn a new way to speak. A speech therapist can help. If the surgeon only removed part of your larynx, your voice may feel hoarse at first, but youll likely regain your voice. Still, it may feel and sound different from before.

• #48 What Every Patient Should Know About Laryngeal Cancer | Larynx Cancer | Voice Box Cancer | University of Michigan Rogel Cancer Center

  https://www.rogelcancercenter.org/head-and-neck-cancer/voicebox/what-patients-should-know

  Five-year cure rates vary from 40-60%. […] Many patients and physicians will select primary radiation for treatment of advanced laryngeal cancers. […] One of the most exciting advances in the treatment of patients with advanced laryngeal cancer has been the introduction of chemotherapy as initial treatment. […] For such patients, laryngeal function, voice, swallowing and quality of life are preserved. […] Five-year cure rates for patients with advanced disease managed in this fashion are now in the range of 80% at the University of Michigan.

• #49 Laryngeal Cancer – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526076/

  Laryngeal cancer accounts for one-third of head and neck cancers, posing a significant global health concern due to its impact on morbidity and mortality. This cancer can involve various parts of the larynx, including the supraglottis, glottis, and subglottis, each influencing the disease’s presentation, spread patterns, and treatment options. Early-stage laryngeal cancer is usually highly curable with surgical or radiation monotherapy, often preserving the larynx. However, late-stage disease requires multimodal therapy and is associated with worse outcomes, frequently necessitating more extensive treatment that may not preserve the larynx. […] Hoarseness is the most common initial symptom of glottic cancers due to vocal cord immobility or fixation, with pain while swallowing and referred ear pain potentially indicating advanced disease. In contrast, pain with swallowing is the most common early symptom of supraglottic cancer, with hoarseness presenting later and indicating more advanced disease extending into the glottis. Nodal metastases often present as fixed, firm, painless masses in the neck. Late symptoms across all subsites include weight loss, dysphagia, aspiration and its sequelae, and airway compromise.

• #50 What Is the First Sign of Throat Cancer? Symptoms & Stages

  https://www.medicinenet.com/what_is_the_first_sign_of_throat_cancer/article.htm

  The early symptoms of throat cancer may be similar to a cold in the early stages (e.g., a persistent sore throat). Sore throat and hoarseness that persists for more than two weeks, should be immediately reported to a physician. […] The advanced stage symptoms of throat cancer include: Difficulty swallowing, Persistent cough, Lump in the mouth, throat or neck, Ear or jaw pain, Headaches, Difficulty breathing, White patches or sores in the mouth, Unexplained weight loss, Bleeding in the mouth or nose, Swelling of the eyes, jaw, throat or neck, Throat discomfort, Chronic sore throat, Constant phlegm production. […] Throat cancer that has spread to distant parts of the body (metastatic cancer), leads to specific symptoms depending on the location: If cancer has spread to the lungs, symptoms include: Difficulty breathing, Coughing up blood. If cancer has spread to the bones, symptoms include: Bone or joint pain, Fractures.

• #51 Laryngeal (Voice Box) Cancer – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/cancer/types-treatments/head-neck-cancers/laryngeal-cancer

  When cancer strikes the larynx, or voice box, many patients have two primary concerns. One is beating the cancer. The other is the risk of losing their voices and their ability to swallow and breathe due to cancer or cancer treatment. […] Symptoms of laryngeal cancer include: A chronic sore throat or cough, A lump in the neck, Ear pain, A hoarse voice, Trouble swallowing. […] Most cases of laryngeal cancer are linked to tobacco and alcohol use. More rarely, these cancers can be caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or other health issues. […] A variety of tests may be used to diagnose and stage laryngeal cancer. You may undergo some imaging exams, such as an MRI or CT scan. In addition, our cancer specialists may want to look inside your larynx using a scope for a biopsy, which involves removing a small piece of tissue from your larynx.

• #52 Laryngeal Cancer – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526076/

  Each primary subsite of laryngeal carcinoma carries different implications in symptomatic presentation, patterns of spread, prognosis, and treatment paradigms. Early-stage disease is often highly treatable or curable in the supraglottis and glottis, although the prognosis remains poor in the subglottis. Early-stage (stage I or II) laryngeal cancer can be successfully treated with monotherapy, meaning a single-modality of treatment, either surgical or radiation therapy, which typically preserves the larynx. In contrast, advanced-stage disease (stage III or IV) carries a significantly poorer prognosis across all subsites, although the pattern is maintained. Glottic primaries often yield the best outcomes, followed by supraglottic and then subglottic tumors.

• #53 Laryngeal Cancer | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/throat/types-throat/laryngeal

  Laryngeal cancer arises in the larynx (voice box). It is the second most common type of head and neck cancer. An estimated 12,000 new cases of laryngeal cancer are diagnosed in the United States each year. […] The most common symptoms of laryngeal cancer include: hoarseness, a lump in the neck due to an enlarged lymph node, ear pain, difficulty swallowing. […] The goals of the treatment of laryngeal cancer are to: cure the cancer, preserve your appearance and voice, prevent the cancer from coming back. […] Radiation is often the primary treatment for people with early-stage laryngeal cancer. Chemotherapy is sometimes given in combination with radiation. This approach is called chemoradiation. It can enhance the effectiveness of your care. […] People with advanced disease may receive drug therapies such as chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy.

• #54 Laryngeal cancer: What you should know | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/laryngeal-cancer–what-you-should-know.h00-159619434.html

  Hoarseness is the most common symptom of laryngeal cancer. Other symptoms include: trouble swallowing, shortness of breath, blood-tinged mucus. […] If you’ve got hoarseness and/or persistent voice changes for more than a week, or you have hoarseness associated with other symptoms, you should see an ear, nose and throat (ENT) specialist.

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