Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Pneumonitis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24810-pneumonitis

  Pneumonitis is inflammation in your lung tissue. […] Healthcare providers can treat pneumonitis, but long-term inflammation can cause irreversible lung damage. […] Pneumonitis causes inflammation in the alveoli in your lungs. […] Yes, pneumonitis is serious. Long-term exposure to irritants that cause pneumonitis may cause permanent lung damage. […] If you have pneumonitis, the best way to treat it is to avoid its cause. Your provider may also recommend the following medications or treatments: […] Corticosteroids or immunosuppressants. These medications help reduce lung inflammation. Your provider may prescribe prednisone, mycophenolate or azathioprine. […] Pulmonary rehabilitation. During pulmonary rehabilitation, you and a healthcare provider will work together to create an exercise program to help increase your lung strength.

• #1 Aspiration Pneumonitis – Diagnosis & Treatment : Emergency Care BC

  https://emergencycarebc.ca/clinical_resource/clinical-summary/aspiration-pneumonitis-diagnosis-treatment/

  Aspiration pneumonitis (AP) is lung inflammation caused by aspiration of gastric acid or other substances without bacterial infection. […] Should be differentiated from aspiration pneumonia, which is caused by bacteria and requires antibiotics. […] Uncomplicated AP does not require antibiotics. […] Patients may present with varying severity based on clinician judgment of: Patient dyspnea (subjective and objective measures). […] Recommended Treatment: Supportive Care as Needed: Oxygen for hypoxemia. […] Suctioning. […] Bronchoscopy to clear large obstructions. […] Intubation and mechanical ventilation if severe respiratory compromise. […] Gastric decompression with nasogastric tube to prevent recurrent aspiration. […] Antibiotics: NOT recommended in: Mild and moderate cases. Monitor and reassess in 48 hours.

• #1 Pneumonitis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pneumonitis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352628

  To diagnose pneumonitis, your doctor or other healthcare professional reviews your medical history and family history. […] Treatment may depend on the cause of pneumonitis. […] If you have pneumonitis caused by chemical irritation or an allergic reaction, your healthcare professional will likely recommend stopping the exposure that’s irritating your lungs. This step should help lessen your symptoms. […] Corticosteroid medicines work by calming your immune system’s reaction to an irritation. This can make your lungs less inflamed. […] Sometimes corticosteroids using an inhaler may help. You breathe these medicines into your lungs. The medicines lessen inflammation in your airway so that it’s easier to breathe. […] When pneumonitis is severe, treatment also may include: Oxygen therapy. If you’re having a lot of trouble breathing, you may need oxygen therapy through a mask or through a plastic tubing with tips that fit into your nose.

• #1 A Comprehensive Guide About Diagnosis For Pneumonia

  https://vervecollege.edu/understand-nursing-diagnosis-for-pneumonia/

  An infection called pneumonitis can be deadly; therefore, anyone experiencing signs or symptoms must seek immediate medical assistance and seek help immediately for a nursing diagnosis of pneumonia. […] Nurses can assess an individual for PPD by looking at their symptoms and providing supportive care, respiratory conditions education, and prevention techniques as part of this nursing diagnosis process in patient reports. […] As soon as symptoms arise, you should promptly evaluate them. Monitor body temperatures, respiration rates, and heartbeat rates to ascertain a response rate to treatment and determine its success. […] People newly diagnosed with pneumonia often feel stunned and overwhelmed at its discovery, frequently unaware of lifestyle factors that contributed to its progression or its means of transmission.

• #1 Pneumonia Nursing Care Plan | Diagnosis, Assessment, Intervention

  https://simplenursing.com/nursing-care-plan-pneumonia/

  Nursing Assessment for Pneumonia: When assessing a client for pneumonia, you need to look for signs of respiratory distress. This includes listening closely to their clients’ lungs using a stethoscope. You’ll be able to hear the crackles and wheezes that are characteristic of this condition. […] Pneumonia Nursing Interventions: Encourage clients to drink more fluids to prevent dehydration. They should also be encouraged to cough and breathe deeply. […] Assess clients’ hydration status and keep electrolytes normal through oral rehydration solutions (ORS) or intravenous therapy as needed. […] Monitor oxygen levels by measuring pulse oximetry at least every 2-4 hours. Also monitor for side effects, such as nausea or vomiting. […] Administer oxygen (according to protocol or physician orders) and medications as prescribed (such as antibiotics). […] Position clients in semi-Fowler position for easier breathing and lung expansion. […] Avoid administering cough suppressants (so reinfection doesn’t occur).

• #1 05. Aspiration Pneumonitis and Pneumonia | Hospital Handbook

  https://hospitalhandbook.ucsf.edu/05-aspiration-pneumonitis-and-pneumonia/05-aspiration-pneumonitis-and-pneumonia

  Patients at risk are those with a depressed level of consciousness (associated with decreased cough reflex), dysphagia, a neurologic disorder, or vomiting. This includes patients who are intoxicated, sedated, or have a head injury/pathology. […] Suction and clearance of gastric contents is important, but may not prevent chemical injury, which happens immediately. […] Suction the upper airway after a witnessed aspiration event and intubate if the patient cant protect airway. […] If symptoms 48 hours: treat with levofloxacin or ceftriaxone. Resist the urge to give prophylactic antibiotics 48 hours, as this will simply select for more resistant organisms.

• #1 Pneumonitis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pneumonitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20352623

  Pneumonitis is a result of an extra strong defense response by the body’s immune system to an irritating substance. […] Treatment focuses on avoiding irritants and lessening the inflammation of lung tissue. […] Talk to your doctor or other healthcare professional if you notice symptoms such as trouble catching your breath or an ongoing dry cough. […] If you have trouble breathing, go to the emergency department at a hospital right away or, in the U.S., call 911. […] Some medicines used to treat cancer can cause pneumonitis. So can radiation therapy to the lungs and chest. The combination of the two raises the risk of pneumonitis even more. […] If pneumonitis is not detected or not treated, you may gradually develop lung damage that can’t be reversed.

• #1 Pneumonia Nursing Care Plan Template & Example | Free PDF Download

  https://www.carepatron.com/templates/pneumonia-nursing-care-plan

  Confidently manage and monitor pneumonia and its risks through this comprehensive nursing care plan and guide for the delivery of effective and preventive care! […] A pneumonia nursing care plan (NCP) is essential for healthcare practitioners to provide organized and effective care for patients diagnosed with pneumonia. […] Based on the nursing assessment findings, appropriate interventions to promote airway clearance should be selected. […] Educating hospitalized patients and caregivers about pneumonia, its causes, risk factors in developing pneumonia, and prevention strategies are essential. […] It is also important to regularly assess and monitor vital signs, including respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, blood pressure, and temperature. […] The goal of pneumonia care is to manage symptoms, prevent complications, and promote recovery. […] Someone with pneumonia typically needs supportive care, including oxygen therapy, antibiotics if necessary, and hydration.

• #1 Pneumonitis (Discharge Care)

  https://www.drugs.com/cg/pneumonitis-discharge-care.html

  Medicines may help decrease coughing and inflammation, open airways, and make it easier for you to breathe. You may also need medicine to treat a bacterial infection. […] Rest as directed. Keep the head of your bed raised to help you breathe easier. You can also raise your head and shoulders up on pillows or rest in a reclining chair. […] Do deep breathing and coughing. Deep breaths help open your airway and clear mucus or congestion. […] Do not smoke. Avoid secondhand smoke. Nicotine and other chemicals in cigarettes and cigars can make it harder for your lung inflammation to get better. […] Get the flu vaccine. The flu can become serious in anyone who has a lung condition. […] Do not drink alcohol when you are sick. Alcohol dulls your urge to cough and sneeze. Alcohol also causes your body to lose fluid. This can make the mucus in your lungs thicker and harder to cough up.

• #1 Video: Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention

  https://www.jove.com/science-education/v/16343/pneumonia-v-nursing-management-and-prevention

  Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients. […] The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections. […] Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed. Encouraging ambulation and assisting with proper positioning in a chair are vital interventions. Additionally, patients should be encouraged to take deep breaths and cough after each position change. […] Administering and adjusting oxygen therapy as prescribed or per protocols is crucial. Monitoring its effectiveness through clinical signs, symptoms, patient comfort, and oxygenation values by pulse oximetry or analyzing arterial blood gas is essential.

• #1 Pneumonitis – What You Need to Know

  https://www.drugs.com/cg/pneumonitis.html

  Pneumonitis is inflammation of your lungs. The inflammation can make it hard to breathe and prevent you from getting enough oxygen. […] Your symptoms may go away without treatment. If your symptoms are severe or do not go away, you may need any of the following: Medicines decrease coughing and inflammation, open airways, and make it easier for you to breathe. You may also need medicine to treat a bacterial infection. […] Rest as directed. Keep the head of your bed raised to help you breathe easier. You can also raise your head and shoulders up on pillows or rest in a reclining chair. […] Do not smoke. Avoid secondhand smoke. Nicotine and other chemicals in cigarettes and cigars can make it harder for your lung inflammation to get better. […] Get the flu vaccine. The flu can become serious in anyone who has a lung condition.

• #1 Chemical pneumonitis Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/chemical-pneumonitis

  Treatment is focused on reversing the cause of inflammation and reducing symptoms. Corticosteroids may be given to reduce inflammation, often before long-term scarring occurs. […] Antibiotics are usually not helpful or needed, unless there is a secondary infection. Oxygen therapy may be helpful. […] In cases of swallowing and stomach problems, eating small meals in the upright position can help. In severe cases, a feeding tube in the stomach is needed, although this does not always completely prevent aspiration into the lungs.

• #1 Nursing Care Plan for Aspiration Pneumonia – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-aspiration-pneumonia/

  Collaborate with the speech-language pathologist to assess swallowing ability and recommend appropriate dietary modifications, such as a thickened liquid or pureed diet, if needed. Offer small, frequent meals of nutrient-rich foods that are easy to swallow and digest. Monitor the patients weight regularly and consult with a dietitian to adjust the diet plan as necessary. Provide oral care before and after meals to maintain oral hygiene and prevent complications. Evaluate the patients response to the diet and monitor for signs of malnutrition or dehydration. […] Regularly assess the patients response to the nursing interventions and modify the care plan as necessary. Document any improvements in gas exchange, airway clearance, and nutritional status. Collaborate with the healthcare team to evaluate the need for additional interventions, such as diagnostic tests, respiratory therapy, or consultation with a specialist. […] This nursing care plan is a general guideline and should be tailored to meet the individual needs of the patient with aspiration pneumonia. Always refer to institutional protocols, and medical orders, and consult with healthcare professionals for specific treatment plans and interventions.

• #1 Video: Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention

  https://www.jove.com/science-education/v/16343/pneumonia-v-nursing-management-and-prevention

  Encouraging rest and avoiding overexertion is important for debilitated patients. Comfortable positioning, such as the semi-Fowler position, and frequent changes in position aid in secretion clearance, pulmonary ventilation, and perfusion. […] Promoting fluid intake is crucial due to increased respiratory rate and insensible fluid loss. Encouraging increased fluid intake, with a minimum of 2 liters per day, is recommended unless contraindicated. […] Maintaining nutrition involves providing small, frequent meals when appropriate. […] Educating individuals on good health habits, such as frequent handwashing, proper nutrition, adequate rest, regular exercise, and coughing or sneezing into the elbow, is essential for reducing the risk of pneumonia. […] By implementing these strategies, nurses can effectively manage pneumonia, optimize patient outcomes, and promote respiratory health.

• #1 pneumonia_nursing_care_plan.docx

  https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/pneumonianursingcareplandocx/254016628

  Child will maintain adequate nutritional intake Introduce small frequent feeds as child’s condition improves. In older children, oral toilet can be done. Assist family and child to choose higher-calorie, protein-rich foods Coax younger children to eat better by playing games and offering favourite foods […] Child will resume normal activity level Provide rest periods balanced with periods of activity. Carry out nursing procedures collectively and allow visiting of the child at scheduled times. Activity increases myocardial oxygen demand so must be balanced with rest. Provide small, frequent meals Encourage quiet activities that do not require exertion Allow gradual increase in activity as tolerated, keeping pulse […] To allay anxiety and reduce fear Establish trusting relationship with the child and family. Explain procedures to child at developmentally appropriate level Provide favourite blanket or toy to the child, as well as comfort measures preferred by child such as rocking or music. Involve parents in care of the child, allow caretaker to spend enough time with the child and allow for periods of play

• #1 Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis | Conditions | UCSF Health

  https://www.ucsfhealth.org/conditions/hypersensitivity-pneumonitis

  Hypersensitivity pneumonitis will often go away if the patient avoids the substance that’s triggering the lung inflammation. […] For patients who get worse despite treatment, lung transplantation may be an option. […] Treating hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) involves both identifying and removing the antigen that’s causing the condition, and taking anti-inflammatory medication. […] If the inhaled antigen can be recognized and removed, the lung inflammation in acute HP is often reversible. […] If you don’t improve or continue to worsen, we may recommend anti-inflammatory medications. […] In addition to medications and removal of the antigen, pulmonary rehabilitation a structured exercise and educational program designed for patients with chronic lung disease is an important and effective treatment for patients with chronic HP. […] Lastly, lung transplant may be an effective treatment option for some patients.

• #1 Pneumonitis (Discharge Care)

  https://www.drugs.com/cg/pneumonitis-discharge-care.html

  Drink more liquids. Liquids help keep your air passages moist and better able to get rid of germs and other irritants. […] Use a cool mist humidifier. A humidifier will help increase air moisture in your home. This may make it easier for you to breathe and help decrease your cough. […] Go to pulmonary rehabilitation (rehab) as directed. Your healthcare provider may recommend rehab if you develop chronic pneumonitis. A rehab therapist can teach you breathing exercises to help keep your airway open. […] Avoid anything that irritates your lungs. Examples include smoke, dust, and fumes. […] Follow up with your doctor or pulmonologist as directed: You may need to return for more tests. Write down your questions so you remember to ask them during your visits.

• #1 Pneumonia: Nursing Diagnoses, Care Plans, Assessment & Interventions | NurseTogether

  https://www.nursetogether.com/pneumonia-nursing-diagnosis-care-plan/

  Nursing care plans help prioritize assessments and interventions for both short and long-term goals of care. […] Impaired gas exchange is closely tied to Ineffective airway clearance. Pneumonia causing increased pus and mucus in the alveoli will interfere with gas exchange and oxygenation. […] Nursing interventions are aimed at prevention. […] Proper handwashing is the best way to prevent and control the spread of infection. The patient may have a limit to visitors to prevent the transmission of infections. Always maintain sterility or aseptic techniques when performing any invasive procedure.

• #1 Pneumonitis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24810-pneumonitis

  Oxygen therapy helps provide your body with oxygen when breathing is difficult. […] The best way to lower your risk of developing pneumonitis is to avoid substances that cause lung inflammation. […] With early diagnosis and treatment, the outlook for pneumonitis is good. […] If you have pneumonitis, you and your healthcare provider will work together to reduce exposure to whats causing pneumonitis. Be sure to take all prescribed medications and perform all breathing exercises as directed by your provider. […] Pneumonitis causes inflammation in your lung tissues. Long-term exposure to whatever is causing pneumonitis can cause severe lung damage. It’s a good idea to see a healthcare provider at the first sign of symptoms to help prevent irreversible damage.

• #1 Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Prevention

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/299174-treatment

  Corticosteroid therapy may be indicated for acute symptomatic relief and may accelerate the initial recovery in persons with severe disease. […] Treatment regimens for HP vary according to the prescriber. A conceivable initial empiric treatment dose is prednisone 0.5-1 mg/kg/day for 1-2 weeks in acute HP or 4-8 weeks for subacute/chronic HP followed by a gradual taper to off or maintenance dosage of approximately 10 mg/day. […] Continued therapy should be guided by clinical response, pulmonary function, and radiographic improvement. […] Reduce the chances of contracting hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) by minimizing exposure to provocative antigens, reducing microorganism contamination in the environment, and/or using protective equipment. […] Reduce the antigenic burden by altering the handling and storage of microbial antigens, wetting compost to decrease aerosolization, and using fungicides to decrease fungal growth. […] Perform preventive maintenance routinely on all heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning equipment. Remove water-damaged furnishings and carpeting. […] When avoidance of causative antigens cannot be achieved easily, use protective devices such as personal respirators or air-purifier.

• #1 11 Pneumonia Nursing Diagnosis & Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/pneumonia-nursing-care-plans/

  Patients and their families receive education on pneumonia causes, symptom management, and when to report concerning signs. They learn about factors contributing to pneumonia and strategies for recovery and prevention. […] Pneumonia can cause serious complications like hypotension, septic shock, and respiratory failure, especially in older adults with delayed treatment, resistant infections, comorbidities, or weakened immune systems.

• #1 Pneumonitis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pneumonitis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352628

  Pulmonary rehabilitation can help manage your symptoms and improve your ability to do daily tasks. […] A diagnosis of pneumonitis may mean that you’ll have to make changes to your lifestyle to protect your health. You’ll need to avoid known triggers as much as possible. […] If your job duties expose you to substances that irritate your lungs, talk to your healthcare professional and supervisor at work about ways to protect yourself.

• #1 Pediatric Pneumonia: Nursing Diagnosis & Interventions | Nurse.com

  https://www.nurse.com/clinical-guides/pediatrics-pneumonia/?srsltid=AfmBOoq6aC_VTiUbfjxRyo-qmKBJnSewnECZuGu2-W5KopS58oevJ6L0

  Provide post-operative/post-procedure care, if applicable. […] Monitor the following: […] Temperature […] Pulse […] Respiratory rate […] Work of breathing […] Intake and output […] Pulse oximetry […] Expected Outcomes […] Adequate oxygenation and ventilation […] Maintain patent airway […] Improved gas exchange […] Maintain fluid balance […] Effective breathing pattern […] Individual/Caregiver Education […] Disease process, treatments, expected course, and outcomes […] Medication instructions and potential adverse effects […] Importance of completing full antibiotic course […] Adequate fluid intake and prevention of dehydration […] Importance of Hib, PCV13, DTap/Tdap, and influenza vaccines […] Palivuzmab (Synagis) prophylaxis for high-risk infants […] Notify medical provider(s) for vomiting, unable to maintain hydration or nutrition, mental status changes, or respiratory distress

• #1 Pneumonitis (Discharge Care)

  https://www.drugs.com/cg/pneumonitis-discharge-care.html

  Pneumonitis is inflammation of your lungs. The inflammation can make it hard to breathe and prevent you from getting enough oxygen. Anything that irritates your lung tissues can lead to pneumonitis. The longer you are exposed, the more damage your lungs will develop. Pneumonitis can last a short time or become chronic. […] Seek care immediately if: You have trouble breathing. You faint or cannot think clearly. You cough up blood. Your lips or fingernails turn blue or gray. Your lips, tongue, or throat swell and you have trouble breathing or swallowing. […] Call your doctor or pulmonologist if: You have a fever that lasts more than 3 days, even with treatment. Your chest pain or breathing problems do not go away or get worse. Your cough does not get better with treatment. You vomit or have diarrhea. You have questions or concerns about your condition or care.

• #1 Bacterial Pneumonia (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568697/

  Outcome Identification […] – Normal vitals […] – No dyspnea or fever […] – Able to ambulate […] – Energetic […] When To Seek Help […] – Altered mental status […] – Dyspnea […] – Low oxygen saturations […] – Unstable hemodynamics […] – Fever […] – Unresponsive […] – Copious sputum production and respiratory distress […] Monitoring […] – Vitals […] – Chest auscultation […] – Checking cultures and antibiotic sensitivity […] – Monitoring neurovitals […] – Ins and Outs […] – Ambulation […] – Diet […] Health Teaching and Health Promotion […] – Get vaccinated against pneumococcus and influenza […] – Eat healthy […] – Ambulate […] – Wash hands […] Risk Management […] Call a physician if: […] – Unstable hemodynamics […] – Fever […] – Copious sputum production

• #1 Care Essentials for Patients with Pneumonia

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/clinical-resources/nursing-pocket-cards/take5-pneumonia-in-the-adult

  Pneumonia is a heterogeneous disease with a host response that ranges from mild symptoms (fever, cough, and chest pain) to septic shock with multisystem organ failure, including respiratory failure. Nurses have an important role in the management of the patient being treated for pneumonia in both the inpatient and outpatient settings. This guide provides basic information on the different classifications and treatment of pneumonia in adults. […] Care Essentials for Patients with Pneumonia: Perform a detailed history to identify patients at risk for multi-drug resistant (MDR) pathogens. If patient is admitted to the hospital, first dose of antibiotic should be administered in the emergency department. In hospitalized patient: Closely monitor vital signs. Observe for progression of symptoms, such as hypoxemia, tachypnea, tachycardia, and fever. Use general infection control strategies, including strict handwashing and use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers. Follow policies to encourage antimicrobial stewardship and reduce or alter antibiotic prescribing practices.

• #1 Treatment of Nursing Home–Acquired Pneumonia | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2009/0601/p976.html

  Antibiotic coverage of atypical organisms is controversial, and there are no data to support such therapy. […] The timing of initiation of antibiotic therapy in hospitalized patients with nursing home-acquired pneumonia may be an important predictor of outcome. […] The IDSA/ATS guideline recommends a seven-to eight-day duration of therapy for health care-associated pneumonia that has been treated with appropriate empiric antibiotics, has clinically improved, and that is not caused by nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria such as P. aeruginosa. […] Adverse drug events are more likely to occur in older adults than in other patients. […] The safest and most effective medication should be prescribed in an appropriate dose for the shortest duration possible to adequately treat the infection.

• #1 11 Pneumonia Nursing Diagnosis & Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/pneumonia-nursing-care-plans/

  Nursing diagnoses for pneumonia are formulated based on thorough assessment and the nurses clinical judgment, tailored to each patients condition. While their use varies by setting, the nurses expertise shapes the care plan to prioritize patient needs. Based on assessment data, here are examples of common nursing diagnoses for pneumonia: Ineffective Airway Clearance related to increased sputum production as evidenced by audible rhonchi, productive cough, and difficulty expectorating sputum. […] Goals and expected outcomes for patients with pneumonia may include: Patient will demonstrate improved ventilation and oxygenation of tissues by maintaining ABGs within their acceptable range and showing no symptoms of respiratory distress within 48 hours. […] Therapeutic interventions and nursing actions for patients with pneumonia may include: Managing Impaired Airway Clearance, Managing Impaired Gas Exchange, Promoting Effective Breathing Pattern and Breathing Exercises, Administering Medications and Pharmacological Support, Initiating Measures for Infection Control Management, Managing Acute Pain and Promoting Comfort, Promoting Rest and Improving Tolerance to Activity, Maintaining Normal Body Thermoregulation, Promoting Optimal Nutrition Fluid Balance, Providing Patient Education Health Teachings, Monitoring Potential Complications of Pneumonia.

• #1 Aspiration Pneumonia (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568770/

  Identify nursing interventions in caring for patients with aspiration pneumonia. […] Nursing Management: Protect airway, Suction to clear pharyngeal residue, Provide oxygen, Position patient upright, Monitor vitals, Ensure a swallow screen is done before feeding, Ensure adequate nutrition and hydration, Administer antibiotics as ordered. […] The management of aspiration pneumonia is with an interprofessional team that consists of a nurse practitioner, primary care provider, internist, infectious disease specialist, radiologist, and pulmonologist. […] Clinical assessment by nurses and triage staff is of paramount importance in the identification of patients with a high aspiration risk. […] The clinical nurse can help screen for impaired swallowing using high-sensitivity screening tools to ensure every patient with impaired swallowing is identified.

• #1 Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP) | University of Iowa Health Care

  https://uihc.org/services/hypersensitivity-pneumonitis-hp

  Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is a potentially progressive lung condition that requires expert care. […] If we diagnose your HP early, before it has caused lung damage, we’ll work to heal your lungs. While you recover, you may need treatments to reduce lung inflammation and/or scarring. […] In addition to limiting or avoiding exposure to the identified allergen, we may recommend the following treatments: Steroid medicines, also known as corticosteroids, these medications help reduce lung inflammation. […] Our occupational medicine team includes pulmonologists who manage lung diseases caused by occupational or environmental exposures.

• #1 Bacterial Pneumonia (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568697/

  Nursing Management […] – Obtain blood work and check cultures […] – Hydrate the patient […] – Administer antibiotics as ordered […] – Keep patient comfortable and warm […] – Perform suction as required […] – Measure ins and out […] – Manage pain and cough […] – Promote nutrition […] – Administer oxygen as needed […] – Provide rest […] – Teach patient hand washing […] Coordination of Care […] The management of a pneumonia is multidisciplinary. Besides the administration of antibiotics, these patients often require chest physical therapy, a dietary consult, physical therapy to help regain muscle mass and a dental consult. The key is to educate the patient on discontinuation of smoking and abstaining from alcohol. Further, patients should be encouraged to get the appropriate influenza and pneumococcal vaccines. Finally, it is important to educate the patient on compliance with antibiotics if they want a complete resolution of the infectious process.

• #1 Bacterial Pneumonia (Nursing) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK568697/

  – Respiratory distress […] – Loss of consciousness […] – Altered mental status […] Discharge Planning […] – Get vaccinated against pneumococcus and influenza […] – Eat healthy […] – Ambulate […] – Wash hands […] – Follow up with a clinician […] – Exercise regularly […] […] […] The management of pneumonia is with an interprofessional team. The reason is that most patients are managed as outpatients but if not properly treated, the morbidity and mortality are high.

• #1 Pneumontis | Lung Care | Bon Secours

  https://www.bonsecours.com/health-care-services/lung-care-pulmonology/conditions/pneumonitis

  Pneumonitis is a lung condition that occurs when an irritant causes inflammation in the lungs. […] While there is not a specific cure for pneumonitis, you can relieve your symptoms with treatments. […] Treatments may include avoidance, medical management, oxygen therapy, bronchodilators, and as a last resort – lung transplant. […] Seek treatment immediately if you are having trouble breathing. […] Pneumonitis can be treated. If not treated early, it can cause severe lung scarring and damage. […] The most effective treatment for pneumonitis is avoidance. If you can avoid substances that trigger your symptoms, your symptoms can be relieved. If you have a job where you work around the irritating material, you may need to consider changing careers. […] While pneumonitis cannot be cured, treatments can help relieve your symptoms. […] Anytime you have trouble breathing, contact your doctor right away. If you are having severe shortness of breath, seek immediate care. If you are having noticeable shortness of breath, schedule an appointment with your doctor.

• #1 Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis | Ohio State Medical Center

  https://wexnermedical.osu.edu/lung-pulmonary/ohio-states-lung-center/interstitial-lung-disease/hypersensitivity-pneumonitis

  Pneumonitis is a general term used by health professionals to refer to noninfectious reasons for lung inflammation. Since this inflammation can lead to difficulty breathing, its important to identify the cause and eliminate exposure to it. And although hypersensitivity pneumonitis is treatable, it can leave permanent damage and scarring in the lungs if not caught early. […] Our pulmonary experts have years of experience helping people with these lung conditions. Well provide you with comprehensive and personalized care. […] If we can determine what inhalant is responsible for your symptoms and eliminate it, inflammation in most cases of hypersensitivity pneumonitis is reversible. […] We also might recommend pulmonary rehabilitation to help you regain strength in your lungs and learn to breathe more efficiently. […] Here at the Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, we have an interstitial lung disease program with staff dedicated to caring for and treating people with these types of pulmonary conditions. Our collaborative approach and expertise will allow you to get back on your feet, enjoying life.

• #2 Pneumonitis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pneumonitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20352623

  Pneumonitis is a result of an extra strong defense response by the body’s immune system to an irritating substance. […] Treatment focuses on avoiding irritants and lessening the inflammation of lung tissue. […] Talk to your doctor or other healthcare professional if you notice symptoms such as trouble catching your breath or an ongoing dry cough. […] If you have trouble breathing, go to the emergency department at a hospital right away or, in the U.S., call 911. […] Some medicines used to treat cancer can cause pneumonitis. So can radiation therapy to the lungs and chest. The combination of the two raises the risk of pneumonitis even more. […] If pneumonitis is not detected or not treated, you may gradually develop lung damage that can’t be reversed.

• #2 Pneumonitis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24810-pneumonitis

  Oxygen therapy helps provide your body with oxygen when breathing is difficult. […] The best way to lower your risk of developing pneumonitis is to avoid substances that cause lung inflammation. […] With early diagnosis and treatment, the outlook for pneumonitis is good. […] If you have pneumonitis, you and your healthcare provider will work together to reduce exposure to whats causing pneumonitis. Be sure to take all prescribed medications and perform all breathing exercises as directed by your provider. […] Pneumonitis causes inflammation in your lung tissues. Long-term exposure to whatever is causing pneumonitis can cause severe lung damage. It’s a good idea to see a healthcare provider at the first sign of symptoms to help prevent irreversible damage.

• #2 Pneumonitis – What You Need to Know

  https://www.drugs.com/cg/pneumonitis.html

  Pneumonitis is inflammation of your lungs. The inflammation can make it hard to breathe and prevent you from getting enough oxygen. […] Your symptoms may go away without treatment. If your symptoms are severe or do not go away, you may need any of the following: Medicines decrease coughing and inflammation, open airways, and make it easier for you to breathe. You may also need medicine to treat a bacterial infection. […] Rest as directed. Keep the head of your bed raised to help you breathe easier. You can also raise your head and shoulders up on pillows or rest in a reclining chair. […] Do not smoke. Avoid secondhand smoke. Nicotine and other chemicals in cigarettes and cigars can make it harder for your lung inflammation to get better. […] Get the flu vaccine. The flu can become serious in anyone who has a lung condition.

• #2 Pneumonia Nursing Care Plan | Diagnosis, Assessment, Intervention

  https://simplenursing.com/nursing-care-plan-pneumonia/

  Nursing Assessment for Pneumonia: When assessing a client for pneumonia, you need to look for signs of respiratory distress. This includes listening closely to their clients’ lungs using a stethoscope. You’ll be able to hear the crackles and wheezes that are characteristic of this condition. […] Pneumonia Nursing Interventions: Encourage clients to drink more fluids to prevent dehydration. They should also be encouraged to cough and breathe deeply. […] Assess clients’ hydration status and keep electrolytes normal through oral rehydration solutions (ORS) or intravenous therapy as needed. […] Monitor oxygen levels by measuring pulse oximetry at least every 2-4 hours. Also monitor for side effects, such as nausea or vomiting. […] Administer oxygen (according to protocol or physician orders) and medications as prescribed (such as antibiotics). […] Position clients in semi-Fowler position for easier breathing and lung expansion. […] Avoid administering cough suppressants (so reinfection doesn’t occur).

• #2 Pneumonitis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pneumonitis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352628

  To diagnose pneumonitis, your doctor or other healthcare professional reviews your medical history and family history. […] Treatment may depend on the cause of pneumonitis. […] If you have pneumonitis caused by chemical irritation or an allergic reaction, your healthcare professional will likely recommend stopping the exposure that’s irritating your lungs. This step should help lessen your symptoms. […] Corticosteroid medicines work by calming your immune system’s reaction to an irritation. This can make your lungs less inflamed. […] Sometimes corticosteroids using an inhaler may help. You breathe these medicines into your lungs. The medicines lessen inflammation in your airway so that it’s easier to breathe. […] When pneumonitis is severe, treatment also may include: Oxygen therapy. If you’re having a lot of trouble breathing, you may need oxygen therapy through a mask or through a plastic tubing with tips that fit into your nose.

• #2 Aspiration Pneumonitis – Diagnosis & Treatment : Emergency Care BC

  https://emergencycarebc.ca/clinical_resource/clinical-summary/aspiration-pneumonitis-diagnosis-treatment/

  Aspiration pneumonitis (AP) is lung inflammation caused by aspiration of gastric acid or other substances without bacterial infection. […] Should be differentiated from aspiration pneumonia, which is caused by bacteria and requires antibiotics. […] Uncomplicated AP does not require antibiotics. […] Patients may present with varying severity based on clinician judgment of: Patient dyspnea (subjective and objective measures). […] Recommended Treatment: Supportive Care as Needed: Oxygen for hypoxemia. […] Suctioning. […] Bronchoscopy to clear large obstructions. […] Intubation and mechanical ventilation if severe respiratory compromise. […] Gastric decompression with nasogastric tube to prevent recurrent aspiration. […] Antibiotics: NOT recommended in: Mild and moderate cases. Monitor and reassess in 48 hours.

• #2 Pneumonitis (Discharge Care)

  https://www.drugs.com/cg/pneumonitis-discharge-care.html

  Drink more liquids. Liquids help keep your air passages moist and better able to get rid of germs and other irritants. […] Use a cool mist humidifier. A humidifier will help increase air moisture in your home. This may make it easier for you to breathe and help decrease your cough. […] Go to pulmonary rehabilitation (rehab) as directed. Your healthcare provider may recommend rehab if you develop chronic pneumonitis. A rehab therapist can teach you breathing exercises to help keep your airway open. […] Avoid anything that irritates your lungs. Examples include smoke, dust, and fumes. […] Follow up with your doctor or pulmonologist as directed: You may need to return for more tests. Write down your questions so you remember to ask them during your visits.

• #2 Pneumonitis – What You Need to Know

  https://www.drugs.com/cg/pneumonitis.html

  Use a cool mist humidifier. A humidifier will help increase air moisture in your home. This may make it easier for you to breathe and help decrease your cough. […] Go to pulmonary rehabilitation (rehab) as directed. Your healthcare provider may recommend rehab if you develop chronic pneumonitis. A rehab therapist can teach you breathing exercises to help keep your airway open.

• #2 Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis | Ohio State Medical Center

  https://wexnermedical.osu.edu/lung-pulmonary/ohio-states-lung-center/interstitial-lung-disease/hypersensitivity-pneumonitis

  Pneumonitis is a general term used by health professionals to refer to noninfectious reasons for lung inflammation. Since this inflammation can lead to difficulty breathing, its important to identify the cause and eliminate exposure to it. And although hypersensitivity pneumonitis is treatable, it can leave permanent damage and scarring in the lungs if not caught early. […] Our pulmonary experts have years of experience helping people with these lung conditions. Well provide you with comprehensive and personalized care. […] If we can determine what inhalant is responsible for your symptoms and eliminate it, inflammation in most cases of hypersensitivity pneumonitis is reversible. […] We also might recommend pulmonary rehabilitation to help you regain strength in your lungs and learn to breathe more efficiently. […] Here at the Ohio State Wexner Medical Center, we have an interstitial lung disease program with staff dedicated to caring for and treating people with these types of pulmonary conditions. Our collaborative approach and expertise will allow you to get back on your feet, enjoying life.

• #2 11 Pneumonia Nursing Diagnosis & Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/pneumonia-nursing-care-plans/

  Nursing diagnoses for pneumonia are formulated based on thorough assessment and the nurses clinical judgment, tailored to each patients condition. While their use varies by setting, the nurses expertise shapes the care plan to prioritize patient needs. Based on assessment data, here are examples of common nursing diagnoses for pneumonia: Ineffective Airway Clearance related to increased sputum production as evidenced by audible rhonchi, productive cough, and difficulty expectorating sputum. […] Goals and expected outcomes for patients with pneumonia may include: Patient will demonstrate improved ventilation and oxygenation of tissues by maintaining ABGs within their acceptable range and showing no symptoms of respiratory distress within 48 hours. […] Therapeutic interventions and nursing actions for patients with pneumonia may include: Managing Impaired Airway Clearance, Managing Impaired Gas Exchange, Promoting Effective Breathing Pattern and Breathing Exercises, Administering Medications and Pharmacological Support, Initiating Measures for Infection Control Management, Managing Acute Pain and Promoting Comfort, Promoting Rest and Improving Tolerance to Activity, Maintaining Normal Body Thermoregulation, Promoting Optimal Nutrition Fluid Balance, Providing Patient Education Health Teachings, Monitoring Potential Complications of Pneumonia.

• #2 Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis | Conditions | UCSF Health

  https://www.ucsfhealth.org/conditions/hypersensitivity-pneumonitis

  Hypersensitivity pneumonitis will often go away if the patient avoids the substance that’s triggering the lung inflammation. […] For patients who get worse despite treatment, lung transplantation may be an option. […] Treating hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) involves both identifying and removing the antigen that’s causing the condition, and taking anti-inflammatory medication. […] If the inhaled antigen can be recognized and removed, the lung inflammation in acute HP is often reversible. […] If you don’t improve or continue to worsen, we may recommend anti-inflammatory medications. […] In addition to medications and removal of the antigen, pulmonary rehabilitation a structured exercise and educational program designed for patients with chronic lung disease is an important and effective treatment for patients with chronic HP. […] Lastly, lung transplant may be an effective treatment option for some patients.

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