Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cutaneous-b-cell-lymphoma/symptoms-causes/syc-20577439

  Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma is a cancer that starts in the white blood cells and attacks the skin. It often causes a lump or group of lumps on the skin. […] Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma symptoms include a lump or group of lumps on the skin. Sometimes this cancer causes hard patches of skin. […] Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma usually appears as a lump or group of lumps on the skin that don’t go away. Symptoms may include: A single lump or group of lumps on the skin. A lump or lumps on the skin that may look pink, purple or red-brown. Redness around the skin lumps. Skin lumps that grow slowly. […] Intravascular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma causes symptoms that are different from the other types. The symptoms may include: Hard skin patches. Skin around the patches that looks red or purple. Areas of skin that look like spider veins. Patches on the trunk or thighs.

• #2 Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphoma: Types, Diagnosis, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22925-cutaneous-b-cell-lymphoma

  Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (CBCL) is a rare type of cancer that starts in your skin. The condition causes lesions that look like a rash or bumps. Most cases look like a rash or lump(s) on your skin. They usually grow slowly and rarely spread or affect other parts of your body. CBCL causes a rash, lump, bump, nodule or tumor on your skin (often called lesions). They may look red, purple or brown. Lesions may be slightly raised and solid but smooth (called papules). They also may be flat, thickened areas of skin (called plaques). Larger bumps are often called nodules or tumors. The condition may involve only one lesion or several. And lesions may appear on only one part of your body or multiple areas. They may be close together or spread out. Rarely, some people also experience other symptoms, sometimes referred to as B symptoms, including: Fever. Night sweats. Swollen lymph nodes in your neck, armpits or groin. Weight loss. Most cases of CBCL can be treated and cured, but the condition may come back (recur). Skin lymphoma often comes back after treatment. Lesions may appear in the same area or a new area. They’re usually the same subtype as before. But rarely, recurrent CBCL can show up as systemic disease or another type of lymphoma.

• #3 Skin (cutaneous) B-cell lymphoma | Lymphoma Action

  https://lymphoma-action.org.uk/types-lymphoma-skin-lymphoma/skin-cutaneous-b-cell-lymphoma

  The main symptom of B-cell skin lymphoma is a lump, or lumps, in the skin. The lumps often appear as small, raised, solid areas of skin that can look like small pimples. These are called papules. They may develop into thickened but still quite flat areas called plaques, or larger lumps, often deep red or purplish, called nodules or tumours. Papules or nodules appear most commonly on the head, neck, back or legs. […] You might also have swollen lymph nodes in your neck, armpits or groin. They may be inflamed as a reaction to the nearby skin irritation or because they contain abnormal lymphoma cells. […] A few people experience more general symptoms of lymphoma such as unexplained weight loss, fevers or night sweats. However, this is quite uncommon with B-cell skin lymphoma. […] Many skin lymphomas develop very slowly, over months or years. They can look like more common skin conditions, such as eczema or psoriasis, or reactions to insect bites or vaccinations. Because of this, it may take a long time for your GP to rule out other conditions and refer you to a specialist.

• #4 Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphoma: Symptoms, Treatment, and Diagnosis | MyLymphomaTeam

  https://www.mylymphomateam.com/resources/cutaneous-b-cell-lymphoma

  The primary symptom of cutaneous B-cell lymphoma is the formation of a lump or multiple lumps in the skin. These lumps, called papules, often appear as small, solid, raised areas of skin. They may be the same color as your skin or may develop into larger red or purple lumps called tumors or nodules. Lesions may also develop into thicker but still relatively flat areas of skin called plaques. […] CBCL skin lesions like papules or nodules most commonly form on the neck, head, back, or legs. You may have just one papule or plaque or several. Lesions may be spread widely apart or grouped together. In some cases, papules break down, or ulcerate, and become infected. […] Furthermore, there can be wide variations in the symptoms of CBCL. Dr. Bohjanen explained that the biggest sign of CBCL is often a persistent lesion, such as a nodule or bump, that doesn’t respond to standard treatments like cortisone creams.

• #4 Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphoma: Symptoms, Treatment, and Diagnosis | MyLymphomaTeam

  https://www.mylymphomateam.com/resources/cutaneous-b-cell-lymphoma

  Diagnosing cutaneous B-cell lymphoma can take months or years from the time the nodules or rash first appears. CBCL can mimic the appearance of many other skin conditions. […] Cutaneous lymphomas are, for the most part, a very slow-growing or indolent type of lymphoma. Changes in the skin may not be noticeable for many years, despite the presence of abnormal white blood cells. […] The prognosis for individuals diagnosed with cutaneous B-cell lymphoma is generally positive. The five-year overall survival rate varies depending on the subtype of CBCL, but for most types it is greater than 90 percent. However, for primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type, the five-year survival rate is closer to 50 percent.

• #5 LIVING WITH A DIAGNOSIS OF CUTANEOUS LYMPHOMA | Cutaneous Lymphoma Foundation

  https://www.clfoundation.org/living-diagnosis-cutaneous-lymphoma

  Over the course of your disease, there may be times when symptoms are present and quite intense and other times when you may experience a period of remission, sometimes many years long. […] However, during the outbreaks, it can be uncomfortable, debilitating and depressing. […] Physically, you may experience discomfort or pain at times from the illness itself or from treatment methods. […] Here are some common physical problems patients experience: Severe itching you may lose sleep because of it. Skin may feel hot and sore which can be a sign of infection. Skin may flake or burn. Skin tumors may become inflamed. Sleeping can be difficult because of itching or discomfort. You may have trouble finding comfortable clothes. Following your normal routine may take extra time because of additional skin care steps. You may have trouble using your hands because of scaling and cracking. You may not want to work or exercise because of fatigue or the condition of your skin.

• #5 LIVING WITH A DIAGNOSIS OF CUTANEOUS LYMPHOMA | Cutaneous Lymphoma Foundation

  https://www.clfoundation.org/living-diagnosis-cutaneous-lymphoma

  Chronic itching and discomfort, plus a change in appearance, can alter how you feel about yourself. […] Ultimately, know that its okay and normal to have fears, concerns, and feelings of frustration. […] Emotionally, you may feel a roller coaster of feelings over the course of your disease. […] These and other feelings are normal and they are okay. Nothing is wrong with you if you experience a variety of intense emotions as you learn to live with a chronic disease.

• #6 Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphoma – Lymphoma Research Foundation

  https://lymphoma.org/understanding-lymphoma/aboutlymphoma/nhl/cbcl/

  CBCLs are most often indolent (slow-growing). They may appear on the skin as a reddish rash, lump, or nodule and may have a slightly raised and smooth appearance. […] The disease tends to recur (return after treatment) in new places on the skin, but it rarely develops into a disease that affects other areas of the body. Nearly 50 percent of patients diagnosed with CBCL experience a recurrence after an initial complete response to treatment. Prognosis is usually very good. […] Primary Cutaneous Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma, Leg-Type: This lymphoma usually appears as solitary or multiple tumor nodules on the legs, arms, and/or torso and is less common but usually more aggressive (fast-growing), developing over weeks or months.

• #7 Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphoma – Lymphoma Research Foundation

  https://www.lymphoma.org/understanding-lymphoma/aboutlymphoma/nhl/cbcl/

  CBCLs are most often indolent (slow-growing). They may appear on the skin as a reddish rash, lump, or nodule and may have a slightly raised and smooth appearance. […] The disease tends to recur (return after treatment) in new places on the skin, but it rarely develops into a disease that affects other areas of the body. Nearly 50 percent of patients diagnosed with CBCL experience a recurrence after an initial complete response to treatment. Prognosis is usually very good.

• #8 Primary Cutaneous B-cell Lymphoma | Cutaneous Lymphoma Foundation

  https://www.clfoundation.org/primary-cutaneous-b-cell-lymphoma

  Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (CBCL) is a form of cancer that originates from B cells that present in the skin and nowhere else in the body, often referred to as an extranodal (outside the lymph node) non-Hodgkins lymphoma. […] Most primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas are indolent or slow growing. They typically appear on the skin as a single to several firm pink-to-purplish thin to very raised small bumps, or lumps or nodules of varying sizes. […] After treatment they may recur on the skin but rarely will a primary CBCL develop into a systemic lymphoma. […] Prognosis is usually very good, although relapse is common, with nearly 50 percent of CBCL patients experiencing recurrence after an initial complete response to treatment for the most common types of CBCLs. […] Primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma (CFCL) develops slowly over months or years, and may look like a single bump or several grouped together.

• #8 Primary Cutaneous B-cell Lymphoma | Cutaneous Lymphoma Foundation

  https://www.clfoundation.org/primary-cutaneous-b-cell-lymphoma

  Primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (CMZL) is a low-grade B-cell lymphoma. This slow-growing B-cell lymphoma appears as pink or purplish papules, nodules and/or tumors. […] Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type (LBCL-L) is less common than other types of CBCL and can be more aggressive. LBCL-L usually appears on the lower legs of elderly women, although lesions can occur on any part of the body. The lesions are red or bluish-red and frequently grow quickly into large tumors that can ulcerate.

• #9 Skin lymphoma | Lymphoma Action

  https://lymphoma-action.org.uk/types-lymphoma/skin-lymphoma

  Cutaneous B-cell lymphomas (CBCLs) or B-cell skin lymphomas more commonly cause lumps in the skin, usually in one or two areas of the body. […] B-cell skin lymphomas are much less common than T-cell skin lymphomas. They are most likely to appear on the head, neck, back or legs. You may have small, raised, solid areas of skin (papules) or flatter, thickened areas of skin (plaques). Some people have larger lumps called nodules or tumours, which are often deep-red or purplish in colour. They can ulcerate and become infected. You may only have one or two nodules but you may have several, either grouped together or more widely spread out. […] Although skin lymphomas are a form of cancer, in many cases they are very slow growing and do not affect life expectancy. They behave more like a long-term (chronic) skin condition than a cancer.

• #10

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4631235/

  Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of mature B-cells neoplasms with tropism for the skin, whose biology and clinical course differ significantly from the equivalent nodal lymphomas. […] Skin lesions consist of patches, plaques, nodules or tumors, and may be single or multiple. […] Given the clinical suspicion, the diagnosis is established by skin biopsy, through histological and cytological examinations, eventually complemented by immunohistochemical and immunophenotypic, cytogenetic and genotypic studies. […] The clinical course of PCBCL is generally more indolent and the prognosis is usually more favorable than that of their nodal counterparts, despite the high rate of cutaneous recurrences. […] PCMZL and PCFCL types have an excellent prognosis, with 5 year survival rates higher than 90% in both cases, while for PCLBCL, particularly leg type, prognosis is more reserved, with 5-years survival rate lower than 60%.

• #10

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4631235/

  PCBCL manifest by patches, plaques and non-ulcerated nodules and/or tumors, single or multiple, usually with firm consistency. […] Although extracutaneous dissemination may occur, in most cases the disease remains localized to the skin. […] The available therapeutic modalities are diverse and include surgical excision, radiotherapy, corticosteroids, antibiotics, monoclonal antibodies and interferon, as well as monotherapy or polychemotherapy schemas. […] In general, PCBCL have a more indolent clinical course and a more favorable prognosis than their nodal counterparts. […] Overall survival rate in 5 years for PCMZL and PCFCL is higher than 90%. In contrast, for PCLBCL, particularly leg type, prognosis is more guarded, with a survival rate in 5 years lower than 60%. […] In all cases, cutaneous recurrences are frequent, but in PCMZL and in PCFCL types the disease usually remains localized to the skin, while in PCLBCL, especially leg type, extracutaneous dissemination is relatively common.

• #11 B-Cell Lymphoma: Symptoms, Treatment & Prognosis

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22030-b-cell-lymphoma

  You can have a type of B-cell lymphoma for years before developing symptoms. When you do, they may include drenching night sweats, fatigue and swollen lymph nodes. […] B-cell lymphoma is a common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. There are many B-cell lymphoma types, but most cause the same symptoms: swollen lymph nodes, fatigue and drenching night sweats. […] Symptoms that may be related to B-cell lymphoma include: Abdominal (belly) pain: Some types start in your belly, causing pain that doesn’t go away or gets worse. Drenching night sweats: This is sweating so much that your pajamas, sheets and blankets are soaking wet. Swollen lymph nodes: Painless lumps in your neck, armpit or groin are very common symptoms. Enlarged spleen or liver: B-cell lymphoma in your spleen or liver can make them get larger. Loss of appetite: Cancer in your spleen may make it press on your stomach, so you feel full even when you don’t eat very much. Persistent fatigue: Abnormal B cells in your bone marrow can affect red blood cell production and cause anemia (low red blood cell levels). Anemia can make you feel exhausted no matter how much rest you get. Pruritus (itchy skin): B-cell lymphoma in your liver may cause liver damage symptoms, including itchy skin. Rashes or skin lumps: Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma causes rashes, lumps and bumps on your skin. MALT lymphoma, a rare type of B-cell lymphoma, can cause skin changes, including lumps. Unexplained fever: A fever that stays above 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit (38.0 degrees Celsius) lasting more than two days or that comes back may be a B-cell lymphoma symptom. Unexplained weight loss: This is losing weight without trying to change what you eat and exercising. […] Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma causes rashes, lumps and bumps on your skin.

• #12 Facts About Cutaneous Lymphoma | Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

  https://www.fredhutch.org/en/diseases/cutaneous-lymphoma/facts-resources.html

  Cutaneous B cell lymphomas (CBCLs) are nearly always slow growing (indolent), with a few exceptions. […] Prognosis (chance of recovery) from CBCL is usually very good, although many people can experience relapse after initially responding to treatment. […] CBCLs can affect any age group and affect men and women equally. […] The symptoms of cutaneous lymphoma depend on the type you have, but may include: Patchy, scaly red or purple patches, lumps or bumps on or under the skin, Widespread, itchy rash, Thickened skin, Red pimples, nodules or plaques on your scalp, forehead, or body. […] You should see a doctor if you notice a new skin lesion, especially if it is raised, doesnt go away, or changes in shape or size.

• #13 Skin lymphomas – Leukaemia Foundation

  https://www.leukaemia.org.au/blood-cancer/types-of-blood-cancer/lymphoma/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/skin-lymphomas/

  Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (CBCL) is a general term for B-cell lymphomas that involve the skin. Some B-cell lymphomas found on the skin may come from within the body but involve the skin. Therefore it is important when a skin biopsy shows a B-cell lymphoma that further tests are carried out to make sure other areas of the body are not involved and that the disease has originated in the skin. […] CBCLs may appear on the skin as a reddish rash, lump or nodule and may have a slightly raised and smooth appearance. Lesions can occur on any part of the body. […] Primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma has the following characteristics: may develop slowly over months or even years; lesions may manifest as single or multiple tumours or nodules with a pink or reddish appearance; lesions usually appear on the head, neck or trunk of the body. […] Primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphoma has the following characteristics: may develop slowly over months or even years; pink or red lesions, nodules and/or tumours; lesions commonly found on the extremities.

• #14 Mayo Clinic Health Library – Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma | Swiss Medical Network

  https://www.swissmedical.net/en/healtcare-library/con-20306945

  Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma symptoms include a lump or group of lumps on the skin. Sometimes this cancer causes hard patches of skin. […] Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma usually appears as a lump or group of lumps on the skin that don’t go away. Symptoms may include: A single lump or group of lumps on the skin. A lump or lumps on the skin that may look pink, purple or red-brown. Redness around the skin lumps. Skin lumps that grow slowly. […] Intravascular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma causes symptoms that are different from the other types. The symptoms may include: Hard skin patches. Skin around the patches that looks red or purple. Areas of skin that look like spider veins. Patches on the trunk or thighs.

• #14 Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/cutaneous-b-cell-lymphoma

  Cutaneous B-cell lymphomas are a malignant proliferation of lymphocytes of the B-cell type. […] The three main types of PCBCL are: Primary cutaneous follicle centre lymphoma (PCFCL), Primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (PCMZL), Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type (PCDLBCL-LT). […] PCFCL presents with solitary or grouped papules, plaques, or nodules. […] PCMZL presents with solitary or multiple papules, plaques or nodules. […] PCDLBCL-LTT presents with solitary or multiple nodules, infiltrated plaques and tumours. […] Multiple skin lesions on the leg have a poor prognosis. […] Without any treatment, PCFCL lesions may be stable, gradually enlarge, or rarely, regress. […] Solitary or multifocal PCFCL may enlarge slowly or spontaneously resolve. […] Recurrence occurs in about 46.5% of patients. […] PCDLBCL-LT frequently disseminates to extracutaneous sites and has a poor prognosis in spite of aggressive therapy. […] 5-year survival rates are approximately 50%.

• #15 Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma | Health Library | Memorial Health System

  https://www.mhsystem.org/health-library/con-20306945/

  Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma symptoms include a lump or group of lumps on the skin. Sometimes this cancer causes hard patches of skin. […] Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma usually appears as a lump or group of lumps on the skin that dont go away. Symptoms may include: A single lump or group of lumps on the skin. A lump or lumps on the skin that may look pink, purple or red-brown. Redness around the skin lumps. Skin lumps that grow slowly. […] Cutaneous B-cell lymphomas most often grow on the scalp, forehead or back. Some types of this cancer prefer to grow in other places. Primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphomas tend to grow on the arms or trunk. Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type usually grows on one leg. […] Intravascular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma causes symptoms that are different from the other types. The symptoms may include: Hard skin patches. Skin around the patches that looks red or purple. Areas of skin that look like spider veins. Patches on the trunk or thighs.

• #16 Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/cutaneous-b-cell-lymphoma

  Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma symptoms include a lump or group of lumps on the skin. Sometimes this cancer causes hard patches of skin. […] Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma usually appears as a lump or group of lumps on the skin that don’t go away. Symptoms may include: A single lump or group of lumps on the skin. A lump or lumps on the skin that may look pink, purple or red-brown. Redness around the skin lumps. Skin lumps that grow slowly. […] Intravascular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma causes symptoms that are different from the other types. The symptoms may include: Hard skin patches. Skin around the patches that looks red or purple. Areas of skin that look like spider veins. Patches on the trunk or thighs. […] Cutaneous B-cell lymphomas most often grow on the scalp, forehead or back. Some types of this cancer prefer to grow in other places. Primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphomas tend to grow on the arms or trunk. Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type usually grows on one leg.

• #16 Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma | Altru Health System

  https://www.altru.org/health-library/conditions/cutaneous-b-cell-lymphoma

  Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma symptoms include a lump or group of lumps on the skin. Sometimes this cancer causes hard patches of skin. […] Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma usually appears as a lump or group of lumps on the skin that don’t go away. Symptoms may include: A single lump or group of lumps on the skin. A lump or lumps on the skin that may look pink, purple or red-brown. Redness around the skin lumps. Skin lumps that grow slowly. […] Cutaneous B-cell lymphomas most often grow on the scalp, forehead or back. Some types of this cancer prefer to grow in other places. Primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphomas tend to grow on the arms or trunk. Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type usually grows on one leg. […] Intravascular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma causes symptoms that are different from the other types. The symptoms may include: Hard skin patches. Skin around the patches that looks red or purple. Areas of skin that look like spider veins. Patches on the trunk or thighs.

• #17 Cutaneous Lymphoma Cancer Types, Symptoms, and Diagnosis

  https://www.ahn.org/services/cancer/types/cutaneous-lymphoma

  Cutaneous lymphoma symptoms and signs […] Symptoms can vary depending on the type and stage of the lymphoma, so its important to talk with your doctor about any changes you notice. Common signs include: […] Diagnosis usually involves a skin biopsy, followed by further tests to determine the specific type of lymphoma. The disease is typically very slow growing and evolving. Multiple studies have shown patients typically undergo at least three biopsies over several months, or even years, before a diagnosis is confirmed. This cancer can look very similar to benign rashes such as eczema. […] Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma is a type of lymphoma that primarily affects the skin. Its a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, a type of cancer that originates in the lymphatic system. […] The cancer originates from B-cells, a type of white blood cell that plays a role in the immune system function. The cancer originates in the skin, not the result of it spreading from another part of the body.

• #17 Cutaneous Lymphoma Cancer Types, Symptoms, and Diagnosis

  https://www.ahn.org/services/cancer/types/cutaneous-lymphoma

  There are several types of cutaneous B-cell lymphoma, including: […] Primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma (PCFCL): The most common type, often appearing as nodules or plaques on the skin. […] Primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma (PCMZL): Can present as nodules, plaques, or even tumors on the skin. […] Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PCDLBCL): A more aggressive type that can spread quickly.

• #18

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40257-022-00704-0

  Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas have a broad spectrum of clinical presentations, which makes diagnostic and therapeutic strategies challenging. […] To date, treatment recommendations for primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas have been largely based on small retrospective studies and institutional experience. […] Primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma and PCMZL portend an indolent clinical course with 5-year survival rates of over 90% and up to 98%, whereas PCDLBCL, LT is a more aggressive variant with associated 5-year survival between 20 and 70%. […] Primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma most commonly presents as asymptomatic, red-to-violaceous cutaneous nodules on the extremities and trunk and has an indolent clinical course. […] While studies have shown nearly 44% of patients are asymptomatic at the time of diagnosis, local symptoms including pruritus have been reported to occur in up to 47.5% of patients.

• #18

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40257-022-00704-0

  Systemic symptoms such as fever, night sweats, and weight loss are exceedingly rare. […] Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type usually occurs with solitary or multiple rapidly enlarging plaques or nodules that are localized to either one or both legs. […] The rapid growth kinetic of this primary cutaneous lymphoma variant is important in its differential diagnosis to other indolent primary cutaneous lymphomas. […] Lesions may be associated with pain with or without necrosis and ulceration. […] Overall prognosis is good, with a 5-year survival rate of 95%, although localization to the lower extremities is associated with a worse prognosis and a 5-year survival of 41%.

• #19 Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphoma: Overview, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1099540-overview

  Cutaneous lymphomas represent a unique group of lymphomas and are the second most frequent extranodal lymphomas. They can be defined as lymphoproliferative skin infiltrates of T-cell, B-cell, or natural killer cell lineage, which primarily occur in and remain confined to the skin in most patients, without detectable extracutaneous manifestations at diagnosis. […] B-cell lymphomas account for the majority of nodal lymphomas, whereas primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas (CBCLs) represent 20-25% of all cutaneous lymphomas. Because CBCLs have an overall favorable prognosis, proper recognition is vital for appropriate therapy and to avoid overtreatment in most cases. The tumor type and the extent of cutaneous involvement are the 2 most relevant prognostic factors in primary CBCL. […] The 5-year overall survival rate for most cases of CBCL is greater than 90%, except in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), for which the 5-year survival rate is 20-50%.

• #19 Cutaneous B-Cell Lymphoma: Overview, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1099540-overview

  Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (CBCL) that accounts for approximately 6% of all cutaneous lymphomas. It is associated with a relatively poor prognosis compared with other primary CBCLs, with a 5-year survival rate of 20-55%, and it tends to spread to lymph nodes and extracutaneous sites. […] The leg type usually occurs on the lower legs of elderly women. The term is similar to terms used in the classification of other extranodal lymphomas (eg, nasal type). It manifests with a distinct phenotype and can also be present in other locations of the body, such as face and neck (with a similar poor prognosis).

• #20 SEER Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Neoplasm Database

  https://seer.cancer.gov/seertools/hemelymph/51f6cf5ae3e27c3994bd549b/

  Patients usually present with lesions on the scalp, forehead or trunk. […] Lesions on the leg have a less favorable prognosis. […] Regional lymph node involvement is uncommon, but possible. […] Dissemination to distant nodes or other organs/tissue is rare and usually happens in the late stages of the disease. […] Cutaneous relapses noted in ~30% of patients. […] Recurrences usually proximate to the initial site of the tumor. […] Untreated skin lesions increase in size, rarely metastases to other sites.

• #21 Cutaneous B-cell lymphoma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutaneous_B-cell_lymphoma

  Cutaneous B-cell lymphomas (CBCL), more recently termed Primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas and lymphoproliferative disorders (PCBCLPD), are a group of disorders that typically present as skin lesions consisting of proliferating B-cells. […] Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, leg type is an aggressive B-cell lymphoma that is often resistant to therapy and carries a poor prognosis, i.e., they have a 5-year disease-specific survival rate of 43% or 70% depending on whether their cancer cells have or do not have, respectively, inactivating mutations in both of their CDKN2A genes. […] The majority of patients achieve complete remissions following surgery and/or radiation therapy. Its spread to extracutaneous tissues is rare (10%) and has a 5-year overall survival and disease-specific survival of 87% and 95%, respectively.

• #22 Skin Lymphoma Symptoms, Types, and Treatment

  https://www.cancercenter.com/cancer-types/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/types/skin-lymphoma

  Skin lymphoma symptoms tend to be highly visible. They may be thick (plaques), flat (patches), small and pimple-like (papules), or large lumps under the skin. The lesions may feel itchy or scaly. Larger lesions are prone to ulcerating, or breaking open. […] Symptoms of skin lymphoma may also show up in other ways. Patients with skin lymphomas sometimes report excessive sweating, fatigue, fever, and unintended weight loss. […] Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is a type of lymphoma that often begins on the lower legs. It may spread to the lymph nodes and internal organs. […] Survival rates for skin lymphoma vary depending on the type. Many skin lymphomas are diagnosed in the early stages. The most common type of skin lymphoma, mycosis fungoides, is most often slow-growing and caught early. In general, when treatment for skin lymphoma starts in the disease’s early stages, many patients have positive outcomes. Many patients with mycosis fungoides have long life expectancies, though in some cases, the disease may grow more quickly and become more challenging to treat, especially in older people. Several other types of slower-growing B-cell and T-cell skin lymphomas may be treatable if caught early, and most patients may expect a good prognosis. However, more advanced types of skin lymphomas that penetrate the skin and spread to other tissues and lymph nodes may have a less positive prognosis.

• #23 Cutaneous Lymphoma | Boston Medical Center

  https://www.bmc.org/patient-care/conditions-we-treat/db/cutaneous-lymphoma

  They are characteristically itchy and can vary in color from red to brown to purple. Some lesions may ulcerate (break open) in the center, giving them the appearance of open sores. […] Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are more likely to present as patches or plaques on the trunk or buttocks, whereas cutaneous B-cell lymphomas tend to present as papules or nodules on the head and neck, back, or legs. […] On rare occasions, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma can cause general symptoms, such as fever, severe itchiness, profuse sweating, and unexplained weight loss. It is uncommon for cutaneous B-cell lymphomas to cause these symptoms.

• #24 Cutaneous B cell lymphomas: Report of two interesting cases

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4372911/

  Cutaneous B cell lymphomas can arise primarily from the skin or may occur due to secondary spread from nodal lymphomas. Primary lymphomas are confined to the skin without systemic spread and they differ from secondary lymphomas in their clinical behavior, treatment and prognosis. […] We report two cases of cutaneous B cell lymphomas who presented with fever of unknown origin initially and later found to have skin lesions. Hence, skin can be a potential diagnostic clue in the evaluation of patients with fever of unknown origin. The distinctions between the primary and the secondary lymphomas become important in choosing the treatment and assessing the prognosis. […] A 58-years-old female patient was admitted with persistent fever for 2 months, night sweats, occasional lower abdominal pain, loss of appetite and weight loss of more than 6 kg.

• #24 Cutaneous B cell lymphomas: Report of two interesting cases

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4372911/

  A 59-year-old male patient presented with intermittent fever, night sweats and weight loss for 3 months duration. […] In both cases, bone marrow aspiration showed mildly hypercellular marrow with focal atypical lymphoid infiltrate. […] Cutaneous B cell lymphomas can be primary or secondary to systemic lymphomas. Primary cutaneous B cell lymphomas are defined as tumors that are confined to the skin with no evidence of dissemination at presentation and remains so for at least 6 months. […] The presence of extensive skin lesions and B symptoms (fever, night sweats and weight loss) concurrently at presentation, raises greater diagnostic difficulty in determining the origin of lymphoma. […] Patients with skin involvement in systemic lymphomas develop brain metastasis eventually. […] A patient diagnosed with cutaneous nodule suggestive of B cell lymphoma should undergo a staging evaluation for NHL with complete physical examination, laboratory investigations like serum LDH, beta-2 microglobulin and serum electrophoresis in addition to routine tests. […] Systemic diffuse large cell lymphomas can have predominant cutaneous involvement in addition to systemic symptoms. Skin can be a potential diagnostic clue in the evaluation of fever of unknown origin.

• #25 Signs and Symptoms of Skin Lymphoma | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/skin-lymphoma/detection-diagnosis-staging/signs-and-symptoms.html

  Lymphomas of the skin can be seen and felt. They can appear as: Papules (small, pimple-like lesions) […] The lesions are often itchy, scaly, and red to purple. The lymphoma might show up as more than one type of lesion and on different parts of the skin (often in areas not exposed to the sun). Some skin lymphomas appear as a rash over some or most of the body (known as erythroderma). Sometimes larger lesions can break open (ulcerate). […] Along with skin problems, in rare cases lymphoma of the skin can cause general symptoms, such as: Unexplained weight loss, Fever, Profuse sweating (enough to soak clothing), particularly at night, Severe itchiness. […] Sometimes a skin lymphoma can reach the lymph nodes (small, bean-sized collections of immune cells), which can make them bigger. An enlarged lymph node might be felt as a lump under the skin in the neck, underarm, or groin area.

• #26 Primary Cutaneous Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma-Leg Type, a Convoluted Path to Diagnosis

  https://austinpublishinggroup.com/family-medicine/fulltext/jfm-v8-id1238.php

  Primary cutaneous diffuse large B cell lymphoma is a rare and aggressive form of primary cutaneous B-cell lymphoma. It typically presents with reddish to brown-nodules on the distal legs. […] The diagnosis may initially be challenging to make, as the presentation often mimics other more common etiologies such as superficial thrombophlebitis and cellulitis. […] Primary cutaneous B cell lymphomas have a much more aggressive course, and often do not display any symptoms such as pain, burning or itching upon presentation. […] The patient endorsed symptoms of mild muscle weakness and fatigue, but she denied any systemic symptoms of fever, chills, night sweats, or weight loss. […] PCDLBCL-LT is a particularly aggressive form of lymphoma, especially if associated with BCL-2 positivity.

• #27 Cutaneous lymphoma – Macmillan Online Community

  https://community.macmillan.org.uk/cancer_types/non-hodgkin-lymphoma-forum/f/diagnosis-and-treatment/291673/cutaneous-lymphoma

  Hi just looking for anyone whos had experience with cutaneous lymphoma. Everything is pointing towards it as I dont have any other symptoms apart from skin apart from tiredness and hot extremely itchy skin with lesions on my forehead scalp back and arms. […] I had been going to Doctors for 3 years about these wee lumps on my arm and face and given cream after cream finally got referred to Dermatologist last summer but it was an 7 month waiting list. […] Yes my skin initially was very itchy and hot but doing all the things I have highlighted makes a big difference.

• #28 Skin Lymphoma > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/skin-lymphoma

  The symptoms of a skin lymphoma depend on whether it’s a T-cell or B-cell lymphoma. […] Patients with T-cell lymphomas generally have flat rashes called patches or plaques. The rash may start in a small area and then extend over large areas of the body. The patches may be red, itchy and dry, and cracks may form in the skin. Other symptoms include fatigue, elevated white blood cell count and enlarged lymph nodes. In severe cases, T-cell lymphomas may cause disfiguring tumors to grow out of the skin. […] B-cell lymphomas typically show up on the skin as raised, solid, nodular lesions, usually pimple-sized or larger.

• #29 Skin lymphoma – Cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/types/skin

  CTCL is the most common type of skin lymphoma. It causes flat red patches on the skin that look like eczema and can be itchy. Several parts of the body can be affected. […] Many types of CTCL start as flat red patches on the skin, which can sometimes be itchy. With darker skin, the patches may appear lighter or darker than the surrounding skin. […] In the early stages, the skin patches can look like other common conditions such as eczema or psoriasis. […] Mycosis fungoides (MF) often starts as an irregular shaped area of dry or scaly skin. It can appear as a single patch or in several areas of the body. The patches can appear anywhere on the body but are more often found on the chest, abdomen, back and buttocks. These abnormal areas of skin might form scaly raised patches, called plaques.

• #29 Skin lymphoma – Cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/non-hodgkin-lymphoma/types/skin

  In a small number of people, raised lumps (tumours) can appear. Rarely, the disease becomes more advanced and the skin appears red, swollen and sore all over. This is called erythrodermic mycosis fungoides. In a few cases the cancerous cells can spread to the lymph nodes or organs such as the liver. […] A rare type of CTCL is called Sezary syndrome. It is closely related to mycosis fungoides but most or all of the skin is covered in a red itchy rash. There are also cancerous T cells (called Sezary cells) in the blood. […] Sezary syndrome is a faster growing (high grade) type of CTCL. People with Sezary syndrome often have a weakened immune system. So there is an increased risk of infection. […] The stage shows how much of the skin is affected by lymphoma, and whether it has spread to the lymph nodes or other body organs.

• #30 Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma – OHC – Oncology Hematology Care

  https://ohcare.com/condition/cutaneous-t-cell-lymphoma/

  Cutaneous (skin) lymphomas are cancers of lymphocytes (a type of white blood cells) that primarily involve the skin. Cutaneous lymphomas are classified based on whether they are cancers of B-lymphocytes (B-cell) or T-lymphocytes (T-cell). […] Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma (CTCL) is the most common type of cutaneous lymphoma, and typically presents with red, scaly patches or plaques on the skin. Itching is common, with less than 80% of people with CTCL reporting they have itch. CTCL often mimics eczema, psoriasis, or other chronic dermatitis, and because of this it’s common that the diagnosis of CTCL is delayed, sometimes by years or decades. Only a minority of people with CTCL develop advanced disease, with tumor formation, ulceration, involvement of lymph nodes, blood, and internal organs. Most people with CTCL have indolent (i.e. chronic, slowly growing) lymphomas – treatable, but not curable, and usually not life-threatening.

• #31 Stages of Cutaneous Lymphoma | Stanford Health Care

  https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-conditions/cancer/cutaneous-lymphoma/stages.html

  Symptoms of cutaneous lymphoma depend on the stage of the cancer (how far it has spread). The following are the most common symptoms of cutaneous lymphoma: […] Stage 1: Dry, red, scaly patches or bumps on skin, but no tumors. Lymph nodes are normal. […] Stage 2: Dry, red, scaly patches or bumps on skin, but no tumors. Lymph nodes are enlarged but do not contain cancer cells. OR At least one tumor on skin. Lymph nodes are normal or larger than normal, but do not contain cancer cells […] Stage 3: Most of the skin is dry, red, scaly, or bumpy, and may have tumors. Lymph nodes are normal or larger than normal, but do not contain cancer cells. […] Stage 4: Skin is dry, red, scaly, or bumpy, and may have tumors. Cancer has spread to the lymph nodes and/or to other organs, such as the liver or spleen. […] The symptoms of cutaneous lymphoma may resemble other dermatological conditions. Always consult your doctor for a diagnosis.

• #32 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) – a type of skin lymphoma | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/lymphoma/non-hodgkin/types/cutaneous-t-cell

  In the early stages, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) can look like other more common skin conditions, such as eczema or psoriasis. This may mean it takes some time to diagnose. […] CTCL may cause skin changes, including: flat red, rash-like patches, itchy, sometimes painful areas, raised patches (plaques), lumps. […] Some people with CTCL have lumps where a lymph node is swollen. […] Symptoms of CTCL can sometimes stay the same for many years. Many people never progress beyond the first stage. A few people do not have any symptoms until they notice raised lumps (tumours) on their skin. […] There are red or raised red patches (plaques) on the skin. […] Skin symptoms are the same as in stage 1. Some lymph nodes are enlarged. There may be signs of abnormal lymphocytes in the lymph nodes.

• #32 Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) – a type of skin lymphoma | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/lymphoma/non-hodgkin/types/cutaneous-t-cell

  There may be one or more tumours on the skin that are greater than 1cm in size. The lymph nodes may or may not be affected. […] More than 80% of the skin is red (erythroderma). The lymph nodes may or may not be affected. […] There may be any of the skin symptoms described in the previous stages. Abnormal lymphocytes have spread to the lymph nodes or the blood. […] There may be any of the skin symptoms described in the previous stages. Abnormal lymphocytes have spread to the lymph nodes or the blood. The lymphoma has spread to other organs in the body, such as the liver, lungs or bone marrow.

• #33

  http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/health-info/types-of-cancer/skin/skin-lymphoma

  Skin lymphoma is a rare type of lymphoma. It develops when cancerous lymphocytes affect the skin. Skin lymphomas behave very differently from other lymphomas. Lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell) become cancerous and affect the skin. Skin lymphoma is hard to diagnose because it looks like other less serious skin conditions. A pathologist can confirm the diagnosis only when the cancer is more advanced and there are enough cancer cells on the skin. People with skin lymphoma may have symptoms for years before being diagnosed. […] A chronic rash (rash that does not go away), often itchy. This can be anywhere on your skin. In early stages, it often looks like eczema or psoriasis: red, scaly patches or thicker areas of scaly skin, called plaques. […] Skin lesions cover less than 10% (one tenth) of skin surface. Lymph nodes are not enlarged (larger than they should be). Lymphoma cells have not spread to other organs. Number of Szary cells in the blood is not high.

• #33

  http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/health-info/types-of-cancer/skin/skin-lymphoma

  Skin lesions cover at least 10% of skin surface. Lymph nodes are not enlarged. Lymphoma cells have not spread to other organs. Number of Szary cells in the blood is not high. […] Skin lesions cover up to 80% of the skin surface. Lymph nodes are enlarged but patterns of cells do not look very abnormal under a microscope. Lymphoma cells have not spread to other organs. Number of Szary cells in the blood is not high. […] At least one of the skin lesions is a tumour that is 1 cm (about half an inch) across or larger. Lymph nodes are either normal or enlarged. Patterns of cells do not look very abnormal under a microscope. Lymphoma cells have not spread to other organs. Number of Szary cells in the blood is not high. […] Skin lesions cover at least 80% of the skin surface. Lymph nodes are either normal or enlarged. Patterns of cells do not look very abnormal under a microscope. Lymphoma cells have not spread to other organs. Number of Szary cells in the blood is low.

• #33

  http://www.bccancer.bc.ca/health-info/types-of-cancer/skin/skin-lymphoma

  Skin lesions cover any amount of the skin surface. Lymph nodes are either normal or enlarged. Patterns of cells look fairly normal under a microscope. Lymphoma cells have not spread to other organs. Number of Szary cells in the blood is high. […] Skin lesions cover any amount of the skin surface. Some lymph nodes are enlarged. Patterns of cells look very abnormal under a microscope. Lymphoma cells have not spread to other organs. Szary cells may or may not be in the blood. […] Skin lesions cover any amount of the skin surface. Lymph nodes may be normal or abnormal. Lymphoma cells have spread to other organs, such as the liver or spleen. Szary cells may or may not be in the blood.

• #34 Cutaneous Lymphoma: What You Need to Know | Symptoms | Prognosis

  https://lymphomanewstoday.com/cutaneous-lymphoma/

  The first symptoms of the cutaneous lymphoma are usually visible because the disease starts by affecting the skin. Dry skin, itching, lesions on the skin, patches, bumps, red rashes and swollen lymph nodes are among the symptoms – which tend to be more noticeable as the disease progresses. […] When cutaneous lymphoma is not detected early, it could evolve into a more advanced stage. Then, the patient could experience unexplained weight loss, fever, profuse night sweats, and severe itching.

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