Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Edema: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/12564-edema

  Edema is swelling caused by fluid buildup. Your provider will perform a pitting test on the swollen area. Edema is swelling caused by fluid trapped in your body’s tissues, most often in your feet and ankles. Edema can affect anyone, but the condition most often affects pregnant women and adults who are 65 years or older. Edema will cause parts of your body to increase in size (swell), which might prevent you from completing your daily tasks. Sometimes edema is a symptom of an underlying health condition, so contact your healthcare provider if you experience symptoms of edema. […] A symptom of edema is swelling in your body. Swelling occurs when a part of your body gets bigger because there is a buildup of fluid in your tissues. Symptoms of swelling include: An area of your body is larger than it was a day ago. The skin over the swollen area looks stretched and shiny. Difficulty walking if your legs, ankles or feet swell. You may be coughing or have trouble breathing. You feel full or tightness in your swollen body part. Mild pain or a sore feeling in the affected area.

• #1 Edema: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/12564-edema

  Depending on the cause of your diagnosis, edema could be temporary or permanent. Swelling normally lasts for a few days. In the first two days, you will experience the most swelling, and it should start to reduce by the third day. Following treatment from your healthcare provider reduces the amount of swelling you might experience. If your swelling doesn’t go away after a few days of treatment, talk to your healthcare provider. […] It’s very important to see your healthcare provider if you experience edema or swelling in your body. Edema can stretch your skin and if not treated, swelling could increase and cause serious health problems. Edema can be a short-term or long-term condition, depending on its cause. Treatment is available to help you manage any underlying conditions that might cause edema or you can make simple lifestyle changes to reduce swelling and fluid buildup in your body.

• #1 Edema: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/12564-edema

  If you have edema, take steps to reduce swelling by: Making lifestyle changes to stop smoking or changing your diet. Moving around more often. Elevating your legs when lying down or sitting. Wearing compression socks, sleeves or stockings. It is important to protect any swollen areas of your body from additional pressure, injury and extreme temperatures. Injury to the skin over swollen areas takes longer to heal and is more likely to become infected. […] Call your healthcare provider immediately if you experience: Pain or discolored skin in a swollen area. An open sore on a swollen area. Shortness of breath. Swelling of only one limb. Difficulty walking or you have trouble moving. […] Edema is common and ranges in severity for each person diagnosed with the condition based on the cause. If you are pregnant, it is normal to experience swelling as your due date nears. Normally, edema will go away on its own if you have a mild case, and medication and treatment are available if you have a more severe case. If you are not pregnant and you notice that you have unexpected swelling in a part of your body, contact your healthcare provider for an exam. Edema could be a sign of an underlying health condition and early diagnosis and treatment could lead to the best prognosis.

• #2 Edema – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/edema/symptoms-causes/syc-20366493

  Edema is swelling caused by too much fluid trapped in the body’s tissues. Edema can affect any part of the body. But it’s more likely to show up in the legs and feet. […] Symptoms of edema include: Swelling or puffiness of the tissue right under the skin, especially in legs or arms. Stretched or shiny skin. Skin that holds a dimple, also known as pitting, after it’s been pressed for a few seconds. Swelling of the belly, also called the abdomen, so that it’s bigger than usual. Feeling of leg heaviness. […] Make an appointment to see a health care provider for swelling, stretched or shiny skin, or skin that holds a dimple after being pressed. […] If left untreated, edema can cause: Swelling that gets more and more painful. Problems walking. Stiffness. Stretched skin, which can itch. Increased risk of infection in the swollen area. Scarring between layers of tissue. Less blood flow. Less ability of the arteries, veins, joints and muscles to stretch. Increased risk of skin ulcers.

• #3 Edema: Types, causes, symptoms, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/159111

  Edema usually starts slowly, but the onset can be sudden. […] Symptoms depend on the underlying cause, but swelling, tightness, and pain are common. […] A person with edema may also notice swollen, stretched, and shiny skin. […] Symptoms can also depend on the type of edema a person has and which part of the body it affects. […] Edema can indicate one of many health conditions. […] If edema occurs alongside chest pain or difficulty breathing, it is essential to seek emergency help immediately. […] Untreated edema can lead to painful swelling, with pain that gets worse. […] Edema occurs when fluid builds up in the body. This causes swelling, which can sometimes be painful. […] There are several potential causes of edema, including pregnancy, heart failure, liver disease, and certain medications.

• #4 Edema: Types, Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/heart-failure/edema-overview

  Edema happens when your small blood vessels leak fluid into nearby tissues. That extra fluid builds up, which makes the tissue swell. It can happen almost anywhere in the body. […] Your symptoms will depend on the amount of swelling you have and where you have it. […] Leg edema can make the legs feel heavy. This can affect walking. In edema and heart disease, for example, the legs may easily weigh an extra 5 or 10 pounds each. Severe leg edema can interfere with blood flow, leading to ulcers on the skin. […] Pulmonary edema causes shortness of breath and sometimes low oxygen levels in the blood. Some people with pulmonary edema may have a cough. […] There may be an indent or a pit that remains for a while after you push on the skin in some types of edema. This is called pitting edema. If the tissue springs back to its normal shape, its called non-pitting edema. Its a symptom that may help your doctor figure out the cause of your edema.

• #5 Peripheral Edema – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554452/

  Peripheral edema is a common clinical finding that ranges from mild, localized swelling to severe, generalized fluid retention, known as anasarca. […] While minor cases often present with limited edema, more extensive fluid retention may signal severe systemic disease. […] Edema may not become clinically evident until the interstitial space contains approximately 2.5 to 3 liters of excess fluid, as soft tissues can accommodate substantial volume before visible swelling develops. […] In contrast to localized edema, generalized edema typically does not become clinically apparent until the interstitial volume increases by 2.5 to 3 liters. […] The prognosis depends largely on the underlying cause, with some conditions requiring long-term management, whereas others resolve with appropriate treatment. Identifying and addressing the root cause is crucial for improving outcomes and preventing complications. […] Peripheral edema can be an early warning sign of severe systemic diseases and, if left untreated, may lead to significant morbidity and mortality.

• #6 Pulmonary Edema > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/pulmonary-edema

  Symptoms include difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, wheezing, shallow breathing. […] People who experience pulmonary edema may struggle to breathe; the feeling has been described as being like drowning or suffocating. Some people cough up a thick, pink, frothy liquid while struggling for air. […] People with pulmonary edema may experience some or all of the following symptoms: Trouble breathing, or shortness of breath, Feelings of anxiety related to breathing difficulties, Wheezing or noisy breathing, Quick, shallow breathing, Trouble breathing while lying down, Discomfort related to breathing, A feeling of suffocation, Coughed-up sputum that appears frothy and pinkish, if blood is present, Pale or bluish skin, Sweating or feeling clammy, Swelling in the feet or ankles, Confusion.

• #7 Cerebral edema | Definition, Causes, Symptoms, & Treatment | Britannica

  https://www.britannica.com/science/cerebral-edema

  Cerebral edema typically occurs as a complication of injury, infection, or disease, and symptoms can range from mild to severe. […] Symptoms can include headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, limb weakness, loss of coordination, mood changes, confusion, and visual problems. In more severe cases, memory loss, irregular breathing, seizure, loss of consciousness, coma, and death may occur. […] The prognosis for cerebral edema varies greatly, depending on its severity and cause as well as on the size of the brain area affected. If a patient shows severe symptoms, is unresponsive when treatment begins, or has high ICP that is not relieved immediately, prognosis is poor; the patient may die or suffer irreversible brain damage. However, if cerebral edema is recognized and treated early—and especially if the cause is reversible (as in cases associated with hypertension, diabetic ketoacidosis, or mild head injury)—the prognosis is improved.

• #8 In brief: Causes and signs of edema – InformedHealth.org – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279409/

  Heart failure can also cause edema in the lungs (pulmonary edema). This is not very common, but it is life-threatening. The lungs fill with fluid because the heart is too weak to pump out the blood it gets from the lungs. The blood gathers in the blood vessels of the lungs, and fluid seeps out into the lung tissue. The signs of pulmonary edema include shortness of breath and rapid, shallow breathing or coughing. […] This is caused by damage to the lymphatic system. It usually affects only one part of the body, like an arm. The most common cause of lymphedema in industrialized countries is cancer treatment that involves removing or destroying lymph nodes. It sometimes lasts only a short while after cancer surgery, but it can also develop into a chronic condition with severe symptoms.

• #9 Edema – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edema

  Symptoms may include skin that feels tight, the area feeling heavy, and joint stiffness. […] The condition is more concerning if it starts suddenly, or pain or shortness of breath is present. […] A rise in hydrostatic pressure occurs in cardiac failure. A fall in osmotic pressure occurs in nephrotic syndrome and liver failure. […] Causes of edema that are generalized to the whole body can cause edema in multiple organs and peripherally. For example, severe heart failure can cause pulmonary edema, pleural effusions, ascites and peripheral edema. Such severe systemic edema is called anasarca. […] Although a low plasma oncotic pressure is widely cited for the edema of nephrotic syndrome, most physicians note that the edema may occur before there is any significant protein in the urine (proteinuria) or fall in plasma protein level.

• #10 Edema: Causes, Treatment, Symptoms, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/edema

  Edema is swelling caused by fluid retention that usually occurs in your feet, legs, or ankles. But it can also occur in your hands, your face, or any other part of the body. The treatment varies depending on the cause. […] Edema results in fluid build-up under the skin and ultimately visible swelling. If you have edema, you may notice that the affected area becomes puffy, and the skin appears stretched and shiny. […] If left untreated edema can cause several complications, including increased swelling, decreased mobility, overly-stretched, itchy skin, and decreased blood circulation to the area. […] Seek medical care immediately if your edema is suddenly worse, painful, new, or if it’s associated with chest pain or trouble breathing. The latter may be a sign of pulmonary edema, a serious medical condition in which the lungs fill with fluid.

• #11 Patient education: Edema (swelling) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/edema-swelling-beyond-the-basics/print

  Edema is the medical term for swelling caused by a collection of fluid in the spaces that surround the body’s tissues and organs. Edema can occur nearly anywhere in the body. Some of the most common sites are: […] Symptoms of edema depend upon the cause but may include: […] Swelling or puffiness of the skin, causing it to appear stretched and shiny. This typically is worse in the areas of the body that are closest to the ground (because of gravity). Therefore, edema is generally the worst in the lower legs (called peripheral edema) after walking about, standing, sitting in a chair for a period of time, or at the end of the day. It accumulates in the lower back (called sacral edema) after being in bed for several hours. […] Difficulty breathing (with edema in the chest). […] Heart failure can also cause fluid to accumulate in the lungs (pulmonary edema), causing shortness of breath. This can be a very dangerous condition requiring emergency treatment.

• #12 Edema : Types, Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://www.drsumitkapadia.com/blog/edema-symptoms-causes-and-treatment-explained-dr-sumit-kapadia/

  The most apparent sign of edema is swelling or puffiness in the affected area. Other visible indications include: […] A feeling of heaviness or tightness in the affected limbs. […] Pain or discomfort in the swollen area. […] Restricted range of motion or stiffness in the joints affected by swelling. […] While mild edema can sometimes be managed with lifestyle changes and self-care, persistent or severe swelling warrants medical attention. […] Edema can result from a variety of causes, ranging from relatively benign to serious medical conditions. Common causes include prolonged sitting or standing, which can lead to fluid accumulation in the legs and dietary factors such as excessive salt intake. […] Edema, or swelling, can present with various symptoms depending on its type and the underlying cause. Recognizing these symptoms is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment. Here are the common symptoms associated with different types of edema:

• #13 Fluid retention | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/fluid-retention

  Fluid retention is also called oedema or water retention. Fluid retention causing swelling is most common in your ankles and feet. Signs of fluid retention in your lower legs and feet can be: swelling or puffiness of your skin, skin that looks or feels tight or shiny, skin that does not bounce back if you press it for a few seconds. The swelling may be worse after sitting for long periods, and at the end of the day. Your legs may feel weak or heavy. Some people notice swelling in their back after lying down. This is called 'sacral oedema’. If you have fluid retention you may notice your weight has increased. You may also notice your clothes or jewellery are tighter than usual. Pulmonary oedema (fluid in your lungs) can cause shortness of breath, especially when you lie down. […] See your doctor if you have any symptoms of fluid retention. This includes gradual swelling in your legs and feet. See your doctor straight away or go to the hospital emergency department if you: are feeling breathless, develop swelling suddenly, have swelling in one leg. […] Treatment of fluid retention depends on its cause. If your doctor thinks your fluid retention is caused by a medicine, they may ask you to stop the medicine. Or reduce the dose. Some people need medicines called diuretics. These medicines help your body get rid of excess fluid via your urine (wee).

• #14 In brief: Causes and signs of edema – InformedHealth.org – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279409/

  Edema (or „oedema”) means swelling. It arises when part of the body becomes swollen because fluid gathers in the tissue. It is most common in the arms and legs. That is called peripheral edema. […] Common early signs of peripheral edema include the following: An arm or leg feels heavy and puffy. The arm or leg looks swollen. When you press the swelling, it leaves a dent. Your clothing or jewelry feels tight and uncomfortable. The skin around the edema feels warm and tight. It becomes harder to move any joints that are affected. The affected area starts to feel tight and may be painful. […] Edema can have various causes. To make sure its treated properly, its important to see a doctor and find out what is causing it. […] Heart failure (cardiac insufficiency) can cause edema in the arms and legs (peripheral edema) as well as in the abdomen (ascites). This is because the heart is too weak to pump blood around the body properly, so the blood gathers in front of the heart. As a result, and due to the increased blood pressure in the veins, fluid seeps out into the surrounding tissue. This may cause swelling in the legs or a build-up of fluid in the abdomen.

• #15 Pulmonary edema: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000140.htm

  Pulmonary edema is an abnormal buildup of fluid in the lungs. This buildup of fluid leads to shortness of breath. […] Symptoms of pulmonary edema may include: Coughing up blood or bloody froth, Difficulty breathing when lying down (orthopnea), Feeling of „air hunger” or „drowning” (This feeling is called „paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea” if it causes you to wake up 1 to 2 hours after falling asleep and struggle to catch your breath.), Grunting, gurgling, or wheezing sounds with breathing, Problems speaking in full sentences because of shortness of breath. […] The outlook depends on the cause. The condition may get better quickly or slowly. Some people may need to use a breathing machine for a long time. If not treated, this condition can be life threatening.

• #16 Weeping Edema End of Life – Hospice Support in LifeChoice

  https://mylifechoice.org/2024/10/16/weeping-edema-end-of-life-how-to-ensure-comfort/

  Weeping edema consists of a collection of fluids deep under the skin, swelling that eventually leads to weeping or leaking. […] Weeping edema generally sets in with lymphatic or renal failure, resulting in a backup of fluid within the lower extremities or parts of the body. […] One of the most common signs of edema is swelling in the legs, accompanied by legs seeping fluid, which can be distressing for both the patient and caregivers. […] The skin may become fragile, and as the fluid builds up, it begins to leak through small openings, leading to weeping edema. […] Edema progresses in stages, often beginning with mild swelling and advancing to more severe forms where fluid leakage occurs. […] As the condition progresses, the swelling becomes more pronounced, and the skin may begin to form pitting, where an indent in the skin remains after pressure is applied.

• #17 What Happens If Edema Is Left Untreated? – Tactile Medical

  https://tactilemedical.com/what-happens-if-edema-is-left-untreated/

  Edema is a condition that occurs when fluid builds up in the tissue of your body. In most cases, edema doesn’t pose any health risks if managed, but what happens if edema is left untreated? Edema left untreated can continue to get worse, leading to increased swelling, blisters, and more. […] While the consequences of untreated edema start out fairly small, those consequences can worsen the longer you leave edema untreated. In some cases, untreated edema can lead to scarring, skin ulcers, infections, and more. […] Because untreated edema can lead to further complications, getting treatment early on is important. If you’re experiencing these symptoms of edema, you should visit a doctor for a professional diagnosis: […] Swelling: Edema is a condition characterized by swelling, so swelling is the most noticeable symptom you’re going to experience with edema.

• #18 What Happens If Edema Is Left Untreated? – Tactile Medical

  https://tactilemedical.com/what-happens-if-edema-is-left-untreated/

  Pain: Swelling from edema can result in pain, whether that’s a dull ache in an extremity or swollen areas that are sensitive to the touch. […] Now that you know about some of the symptoms and causes of edema, what happens if edema is left untreated? While edema might seem manageable at first, the symptoms can continue to get worse as more fluid builds up, especially if you don’t address the root cause of your edema. […] Skin ulcers: Skin ulcers are a fairly common complication of edema. […] Blisters: Edema bullae are a type of blister that can occur as a result of edema. […] Difficulty walking: As the swelling in your lower extremities progresses, you may reach a point where it’s difficult to walk. […] Painful swelling: While edema doesn’t always present with pain, it’s not uncommon for swelling to reach a point that causes pain.

• #19 Weeping Edema End of Life – Hospice Support in LifeChoice

  https://mylifechoice.org/2024/10/16/weeping-edema-end-of-life-how-to-ensure-comfort/

  In the advanced stages, the skin may become so saturated with fluid that it begins to leak, leading to weeping edema. […] The management of weeping edema at the end of life involves medical interventions and strategies at home that ensure comfort. […] Compression therapy is one of the most used treatments for assisting in redistribution by applying pressure on the affected area to avoid further accumulation of fluids. […] Another common symptom is the presence of indents in the skin when pressure is appliedthis is known as pitting edema. […] The involvement of hospice nurses and professionals in palliative medicine becomes crucial for the management of weeping edema at the end of life. […] Pain management is one of the critical components of this care when edema causes a patient a lot of discomfort. […] Care for weeping edema at the end of life is required to help ensure dignity and comfort during the last days. […] Symptomatic treatment, like compression therapy and lymphatic drainage, may greatly alleviate discomfort and, when possible, reduce complications.

• #20 Reddit – The heart of the internet

  https://www.reddit.com/r/Heartfailure/comments/16r2ldp/edema_how_does_it_progress/

  Another question about ankle edema… My father had extremely bad edema, so bad his skin leaked fluid. Before this he did have noticeable swelling but it was manageable. My question is, surely the edema happens slowly over time months or even years, wouldn’t it? First wouldn’t it be barely noticeable appearing by the end of the day as just a slight puffiness? Would such a thing be enough to warrant starting diuretics to prevent it from worsening and becoming quite noticeable?

• #21 Edema Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment – Cura4U

  https://cura4u.com/conditions/edema

  Edema starts slowly in majority of the cases, but it may develop suddenly in severe cases. […] If edema occurs in limbs, the movement of those areas can be affected. […] If edema occurs in the skin tissues, it presents as swelling of the affected region. The skin over that region may appear stretched and shiny. […] Edema can also be associated with pain and discomfort. Edema in the arms or legs can decrease their movement. Edema in the lungs can result in coughing and shortness of breath. […] The prognosis of edema depends on its root cause. Recurrent edema may occur in patients with heart, kidney, or liver diseases. Treatment of the root cause can resolve edema and prevent its recurrence.

• #22 Causes and Types of Edema and How to Treat It

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/edema-overview-4580232

  Left untreated, macular edema will eventually cause vision loss. […] Untreated edema can lead to complications. For peripheral edema, this includes stiffness and problems with walking, stretched and itchy skin, scarring between layers of tissue, and skin ulcers. Among the complications of pulmonary edema is respiratory failure. Stroke is a risk of both pulmonary and cerebral edema. Cerebral edema could also lead to neurological issues, and vision loss could result from macular edema.

• #23 Pulmonary Edema (Fluid in the Lungs) Symptoms To Know – BuzzRx Select permission for Location

  https://www.buzzrx.com/blog/pulmonary-edema

  Chronic pulmonary edema develops slowly over time and causes gradual worsening of breathing difficulties. […] Complications of untreated pulmonary edema include difficulty breathing, swelling in the abdomen, legs, and feet, pleural effusion (fluid buildup in the membranes surrounding the lungs), and liver disease due to increased pressure and congestion. […] Acute pulmonary edema can be fatal and requires emergency medical attention.

• #24 Can Edema Kill You? Understanding the Risks, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://avicennacardiology.com/blog/can-edema-kill-you/

  Signs of cerebral edema include severe headaches, confusion, nausea, and vision problems. If left untreated, it can lead to brain herniation, where brain tissue is pushed through rigid structures in the skull, causing irreversible damage or death. […] Recognizing the signs of edema early can prevent complications and ensure timely treatment. […] Sudden swelling in one leg could be a sign of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a condition where a blood clot blocks blood flow and can lead to pulmonary embolism if untreated. […] Other warning signs include shortness of breath, fatigue, and changes in skin texture. […] Patients with untreated edema may notice their skin becoming stretched or shiny, indicating excessive fluid buildup. […] While edema itself is not typically dangerous in mild cases, it can sometimes be life-threatening if left untreated or if it results from serious underlying conditions. […] In such cases, untreated edema can indeed be fatal. Recognizing the signs and seeking prompt medical care is essential to prevent complications.

• #25 Edema: Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2013/0715/p102.html

  Changes in skin temperature, color, and texture provide clues to the cause of edema. […] As venous insufficiency progresses, it can result in lipodermatosclerosis, which is associated with marked sclerotic and hyperpigmented tissue, and characterized by fibrosis and hemosiderin deposition that can lead to venous ulcers over the medial malleolus. […] Myxedema from hypothyroidism presents with a generalized dry, thick skin with nonpitting periorbital edema and yellow to orange skin discoloration over the knees, elbows, palms, and soles. […] In patients with chronic venous insufficiency, diuretic therapy should be avoided unless a comorbid condition requires it. […] Mechanical therapies, including leg elevation and compression stockings, are recommended. […] Local skin and wound care of venous ulcers is essential in preventing secondary cellulitis and dermatitis.

• #26

  https://www.orthofeet.com/blogs/news/edema-causes-symptoms-and-treatment?srsltid=AfmBOoqfzWq-tZKhnC61kXFC77DYFYYEBnhqNMha_nb3zdnEX2LZhqSo

  Swelling is the big symptom of edema. […] Discoloration to the skin: In the lower legs and ankles when the edema is caused by incompetent veins, changes occur to the skin. Chronic edema often leads to a brownish or reddish discoloration of the skin on the front of the shins and down to the ankles. […] Skin inflammation: Stasis dermatitis is an inflammation of the skin causing a rash which itches, burns, and can be painful. […] Skin thickening: Chronic edema can also cause thickening of the skin in the lower legs from the inflammation. […] Neurological disorders: Another issue with edema is neurological. Edema causes pressure in an enclosed space where the nerves run down to the feet from the legs. […] Swelling: Swelling of the feet from edema makes it difficult to wear shoes as the feet are simply too large to fit shoes. […] If you start noticing swelling near your ankles or pitting skin or marks such as rings around the lower legs when you remove socks, it is time to start thinking of edema and how to control it. Many of the changes that can occur with edema later are permanent.

• #27 Patient education: Edema (swelling) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/edema-swelling-beyond-the-basics/print

  If you develop new swelling in one or both of your legs, hands, in your abdomen, or around your eyes, you should call your healthcare provider to determine if you need to be evaluated. […] If you develop a sudden onset of swelling in the lips, tongue, or mouth, especially if it affects your ability to talk or breathe, you should go to an emergency department immediately.

• #28 Edema I Ohio State Medical Center

  https://wexnermedical.osu.edu/heart-vascular/vascular-care/edema

  Edema, the swelling caused by fluid in your body’s tissues, usually occurs in the feet, ankles and legs. […] Edema is the swelling caused by fluid in your bodys tissues. It usually occurs in the feet, ankles and legs, but it can involve your entire body. Although not typically dangerous on its own, edema can be a sign of an underlying condition such as congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, kidney disease or damage to your leg veins that could be dangerous. […] The main sign of edema is swelling, which oftentimes begins in the feet, ankles and legs, but can occur in other areas of the body. You might also notice that the skin looks stretched or shiny. […] If you have any of the following symptoms, you should see a doctor immediately: Shortness of breath, Trouble breathing, A feeling of suffocating or drowning, especially when lying down.

• #29 Edema I Ohio State Medical Center

  https://wexnermedical.osu.edu/heart-vascular/vascular-care/edema

  These symptoms could be signs of pulmonary edema (excess fluid in the lungs often associated with heart problems), which is a serious condition that requires quick medical attention. […] If you dont seek attention for your edema, the underlying medical condition that is causing the swelling can worsen. In addition, you may experience: Decreased elasticity of your joints, muscles, arteries and veins, Increasingly painful swelling, Reduced blood flow, Risk of developing skin ulcers, Risk of infection in the swollen areas, Scarring between layers of your tissue, Stiffness, Stretched skin, which can be itchy and uncomfortable, Trouble walking.

• #30 Pulmonary Edema > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/pulmonary-edema

  Pulmonary edema tends to affect older adults, particularly those with heart failure: Up to 80% of people with heart failure also have pulmonary edema. Men are affected more often than women. […] Pulmonary edema can be a life-threatening condition. Immediate medical attention is essential. Extra oxygen can be given to help patients breathe more effectively, while other treatments to remove fluid from the lungs and manage the heart-related pressure problems that caused the fluid buildup can also make a difference. […] Fortunately, pulmonary edema is a reversible condition, and the faster it is treated, the better the outcome is likely to be. […] Pulmonary edema is an emergency situation, because people with the condition are not receiving the oxygen they need. […] Pulmonary edema can be life-threatening. People who are diagnosed with the condition may already be in heart failure, or they may have had a heart attack or stroke. Other chronic health conditions may complicate their care. […] People who seek treatment may recover, but about 20% of people who are treated for pulmonary edema die, often due to complications. Among those who do recover, the lungs usually function normally again after 6 months or a year, if not sooner.

• #31 Edema (Swelling) and Cancer – Side Effects – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/treatment/side-effects/edema

  Signs and symptoms of peripheral edema include heaviness and swelling in one or both legs or arms, swollen ankles, feet, or hands, and skin changes, such as skin that is puffy, shiny, or slightly dented after being pressed. […] Peripheral edema caused by cancer and cancer treatment is usually mild. But severe swelling can be the sign of a more serious health condition and may become life-threatening. […] Early diagnosis and treatment of edema can prevent it from getting worse. Your doctor will determine the cause and talk with you about ways to lower the swelling.

• #32 Swollen feet: Causes and treatments

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323265

  If swelling during pregnancy comes on suddenly and is severe, it could be a sign of preeclampsia. Preeclampsia can cause: rapid excessive fluid retention, severe swelling. […] Swelling of the feet could be a sign of heart disease or heart failure. If the heart is damaged, it cannot pump blood to the heart efficiently. Right sided heart failure can cause the body to retain salt and water, resulting in swollen feet. […] People with poorly functioning kidneys may be unable to flush out fluid, which can build up in the body. […] Liver disease can inhibit the production of albumin. Low albumin means that the blood may leak, causing fluid to pool in the legs and feet, which can result in swelling. […] Possible causes of swelling in the feet include edema, pregnancy, preeclampsia, lymphedema, liver disease, heart disease, kidney failure, infections, and blood clots. […] Swelling can also occur due to injury, medication side effects, alcohol intake, and hot weather. […] It is important to contact a doctor if the swelling does not go away or if it keeps coming back. Seek immediate medical help if foot swelling is accompanied by shortness of breath and chest pain.

• #33 Swelling During Late Pregnancy – Women’s Health Issues – MSD Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/women-s-health-issues/symptoms-during-pregnancy/swelling-during-late-pregnancy

  As pregnancy progresses, fluid may accumulate in tissues, usually in the feet, ankles, and lower legs, causing them to swell and appear puffy. This condition is called edema. Occasionally, the fingers also have mild swelling. If swelling is more than mild in the hands or if there is swelling in the face, the woman should be evaluated by a doctor. […] Fluid accumulates during pregnancy because the adrenal glands produce more of the hormones that make the body retain fluids (aldosterone and cortisol). […] In preeclampsia, a disorder that occurs only during pregnancy, blood pressure and protein levels in urine increase. Fluids may accumulate, causing swelling in the face, hands, or feet and additional weight gain; most, but not all, women with preeclampsia have swelling. […] For deep vein thrombosis, risk factors include the following: A previous episode of deep vein thrombosis, Inherited blood clotting disorders, Injury to a leg vein that prevents blood from flowing normally, A disorder that makes blood more likely to clot, such as cancer or kidney or heart problems, Cigarette smoking, Immobility, as may occur after an illness or surgery, Obesity.

• #34 Edema – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/edema/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20366532

  Mild edema usually goes away on its own. […] Medicines that help the body get rid of too much fluid through urine can treat worse forms of edema. […] Treating the cause of the swelling is often the focus over time. […] The following may help decrease edema and keep it from coming back. […] If edema affects an arm or leg, wearing compression stockings, sleeves or gloves might help. […] Moving and using the muscles in the part of the body that’s swollen, especially the legs, might help move fluid back toward the heart. […] Hold the swollen part of the body above the level of the heart several times a day. […] Stroking the affected area toward the heart using firm, but not painful, pressure might help move fluid out of that area. […] A health care provider can talk about limiting salt. Salt can increase fluid buildup and worsen edema. […] Have you had edema before?

• #35

• #36 What Happens if My Edema Goes Untreated?: Metro Renal Associates: Nephrologists

  https://www.metrorenalassoc.com/blog/what-happens-if-my-edema-goes-untreated

  Edema is a serious side effect of many medical conditions, including kidney disease. If you notice signs or symptoms of edema, speak to our doctors as untreated edema is dangerous and can lead to serious health problems. […] Some of the consequences of untreated edema include the following: Pain around the edema, Itchy, stretched-out skin, Poor circulation to the extremities, Trouble walking, Open sores, Infection, Decreased elasticity in major vessels. […] The most severe complications of untreated edema include shortness of breath and chest pain. Shortness of breath and chest pain are signs of pulmonary edema caused by fluid in the lungs, which can be life-threatening. Cerebral edema, fluid in the brain, can lead to a change in behavior or consciousness. […] Getting treatment early on for edema is crucial to your overall health and well-being. As soon as you notice swelling in your extremities or abdomen, contact our team so we can evaluate the cause and get you the proper treatment.

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