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• #1 Peripheral neuropathy – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/peripheral-neuropathy/symptoms-causes/syc-20352061

  Peripheral neuropathy can result from traumatic injuries, infections, metabolic problems, inherited causes and exposure to toxins. One of the most common causes of neuropathy is diabetes. […] Peripheral neuropathy is nerve damage caused by several different conditions. Health conditions that can cause peripheral neuropathy include: […] Diabetes and metabolic syndrome. This is the most common cause. Among people with diabetes, more than half will develop some type of neuropathy. […] Other causes of neuropathies include: […] Exposure to poisons. Toxic substances include industrial chemicals and heavy metals such as lead and mercury. […] In some cases, no cause can be identified. This is called idiopathic peripheral neuropathy.

• #1

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/peripheral-neuropathy/

  Peripheral neuropathy develops when nerves in the body’s extremities, such as the hands, feet and arms, are damaged. […] In the UK diabetes (both type 1 and type 2) is the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy. […] Over time, the high blood sugar levels associated with diabetes can damage the nerves. […] This type of nerve damage is known as diabetic polyneuropathy. […] Peripheral neuropathy can also have a wide range of other causes. […] For example, it can be caused by: physical injury to the nerves, a viral infection, such as shingles, a side effect of certain medicines or drinking too much alcohol.

• #1 Causes | The Foundation for Peripheral Neuropathy

  https://www.foundationforpn.org/causes/

  Common causes of peripheral neuropathy There are many causes of peripheral neuropathy, including diabetes, chemo-induced neuropathy, hereditary disorders, inflammatory infections, auto-immune diseases, protein abnormalities, exposure to toxic chemicals (toxic neuropathy), poor nutrition, kidney failure, chronic alcoholism, and certain medications – especially those used to treat cancer and HIV/AIDS. […] In some cases, however, even with extensive evaluation, the causes of peripheral neuropathy in some people remain unknown – this is called idiopathic neuropathy. […] Alcohol can have a toxic effect on nerve tissue, and alcohol abuse is one of the most frequent causes of neuropathy. […] Diabetic neuropathy is the most common type of peripheral neuropathy. In some cases, Diabetes can cause peripheral neuropathy.

• #1 Diabetes-Related Neuropathy: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21621-diabetic-neuropathy

  Diabetes-related neuropathy happens when you experience nerve damage due to high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) that lasts a long time. […] Neuropathy can develop from other causes, too, like pinched nerves, inflammation, nutrient deficiencies and injuries affecting your nerves. Healthcare providers diagnose neuropathy as diabetes-related if you have diabetes and they cant find another cause for it. […] Peripheral neuropathy is the most common type of diabetes-related neuropathy. […] Each person is different, so its almost impossible to predict how high blood sugar levels have to be and for how long to cause neuropathy. […] Studies show that peripheral neuropathy affects at least 20% of people with Type 1 diabetes whove had diabetes for at least 20 years. It affects 15% to 50% of people with Type 2 diabetes whove had diabetes for at least 10 years. […] Perpetually high blood sugar levels can damage small blood vessels that provide oxygen and nutrients to your nerves. Without enough oxygen and nutrients, nerve cells can die, affecting the function of your nerve. This causes neuropathy.

• #1

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/peripheral-neuropathy/causes/

  Diabetes is the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy in the UK. […] Neuropathy can also be caused by other health conditions and certain medicines. […] In some cases, no cause can be identified and this is termed idiopathic neuropathy. […] Peripheral neuropathy caused by either type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes is called diabetic polyneuropathy. […] It’s probably caused by high levels of sugar in your blood damaging the tiny blood vessels that supply your nerves. […] Peripheral neuropathy becomes more likely the longer you have had diabetes. […] As well as diabetes, there are many other possible causes of peripheral neuropathy. […] Some of the health conditions that can cause peripheral neuropathy include: excessive alcohol drinking for years, low levels of vitamin B12 or other vitamins, physical damage to the nerves, such as from an injury or during surgery, an underactive thyroid gland, certain infections, such as shingles, Lyme disease, diphtheria, botulism and HIV, inflammation of the blood vessels, chronic liver disease or chronic kidney disease, the presence of an abnormal protein in the blood (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, or MGUS), certain types of cancer, such as lymphoma, a cancer of the lymphatic system, and multiple myeloma, a type of bone marrow cancer, Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease and other types of hereditary motor sensory neuropathy, genetic conditions that cause nerve damage, particularly in the feet, having high levels of toxins in your body, such as arsenic, lead or mercury, Guillain-Barr syndrome, a rare condition that causes rapid onset of paralysis within days, amyloidosis, a group of rare but serious health conditions caused by deposits of abnormal protein called amyloid in tissues and organs throughout the body, health conditions caused by overactivity of the immune system, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, Sjgren’s syndrome or coeliac disease. […] A few medicines may sometimes cause peripheral neuropathy as a side effect in some people.

• #1 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-Causes-Peripheral-Neuropathy.aspx

  There are more than a hundred types of peripheral neuropathy, including mononeuropathies and polyneuropathies. These include damage to the axons, or to the myelin sheath, or both. […] The causes may be classified as: […] Accidents, including vehicle accidents, sports accidents, surgical errors or complications. […] Repeated stress injury, such as entrapment neuropathy, where a nerve is compressed within a bony or ligamentous tunnel. […] Metabolic or endocrine diseases such as diabetes mellitus, liver disease, hypothyroidism or acromegaly. […] In diabetes, abnormal glucose metabolism leads to a reduced nutrient supply, and a buildup of toxins, causing nerve damage. […] Liver disease leads to chemical alterations of the blood, disturbing normal nerve conduction. […] Hypothyroidism leads to slowing of metabolism, retention of fluid by the body, and swelling of the tissues, which can put pressure on the nerves.

• #1 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-Causes-Peripheral-Neuropathy.aspx

  Increased growth hormone production in acromegaly causes abnormal bone growth, with joint enlargement, entrapping the nerves. […] Here the main pathology is due to the impairment of oxygen supply to the peripheral nerves, which causes hypoxic damage to the nerves. […] Here the overactive immune system attacks various cross-reactive body tissues, leading to various types of damage, including neuropathy. […] The occurrence of inflammation around a nerve may involve the nerve as well, causing it to become inflamed. […] Guillain-Barre syndrome is an acute autoimmune demyelinating condition, usually following viral infections, which causes the sudden onset of acute neuropathy, and may sometimes be life-threatening in its severity. […] Here, the buildup of urea and other toxic wastes due to failure of filtration and excretion by the kidneys can affect nerve metabolism, and lead to permanent nerve damage.

• #1 Peripheral Neuropathy | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

  https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/peripheral-neuropathy

  Vascular and blood problems that decrease oxygen supply to the peripheral nerves can lead to nerve tissue damage. […] Autoimmune diseases, in which the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own tissues, can directly target nerves or cause problems when surrounding tissues compress or entrap nerves. […] Hormonal imbalances can disturb the way the body uses energy (metabolic processes), leading to swollen tissues that can press on peripheral nerves. […] Kidney and liver disorders can lead to high amounts of toxins in the blood that can damage nerve tissue. […] Nutritional or vitamin imbalances, alcoholism, and exposure to toxins can damage nerves and cause neuropathy. […] Certain cancers and tumors cause neuropathy in various ways. […] Chemotherapy drugs used to treat cancer cause neuropathy in some people. […] Infections can attack nerve tissues and cause neuropathy. […] It is rare that the cause of a persons neuropathy is genetic. Genetic changes that lead to peripheral neuropathy can either be inherited or arise de novo, meaning they are unique to an individual and are not present in either parent.

• #1 Peripheral Neuropathy Causes and Diagnoses | Northwestern Medicine

  https://www.nm.org/conditions-and-care-areas/neurosciences/neuropathy/causes-and-diagnoses

  Neuropathies are either inherited at birth or acquired later in life. Some neuropathies begin suddenly, while others take years to develop. […] The most common systemic cause behind peripheral neuropathy is diabetic neuropathy, which can cause chronically high levels of blood glucose and damage nerves. Although doctors are sometimes unable to pinpoint the exact cause of an acquired neuropathy, there are many known causes, including: […] Systematic diseases: Including kidney disorders, liver diseases, hypothyroidism, exposure to toxins, cancers and tumors, and blood diseases […] Alcoholism […] Physical trauma: Including motor vehicle crashes, falls, and sports injuries. […] Infectious diseases: Including HIV, shingles, Epstein-Barr virus, Lyme disease, diphtheria and leprosy […] Autoimmune disorders: Including multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis, Guillain-Barr syndrome, lupus and Sjogren syndrome. […] Two hereditary neuropathies are: […] Charcot-Marie Tooth Disease (CMT) disease […] Amyloidosis.

• #1 Peripheral Neuropathy: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14737-peripheral-neuropathy

  Peripheral neuropathy can happen for many reasons. These include: […] The most common cause of peripheral neuropathy is unmanaged type 2 diabetes. When your blood sugar is too high for too long, it damages your peripheral nerves. […] Excessive intake of alcohol, especially over long periods of time, can damage nerves. Alcohol use disorder is a common cause of peripheral neuropathy, and it can also contribute to vitamin deficiencies that lead to peripheral neuropathy. […] People can develop nerve damage because they have deficiencies in certain vitamins. The deficiencies that are most likely to cause this are copper and vitamins B1, B6, B9, B12, folic acid (B9) and E. […] Guillain-Barr syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) can cause severe weakness. […] Chemotherapy and certain other medications (antibiotics, and medications that treat arrhythmia and gout) can cause peripheral neuropathy.

• #1 Peripheral Neuropathy: Symptoms, Causes, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/peripheral-neuropathy

  Nerve damage caused by diabetes is one of the most common forms of neuropathy. […] Other chronic diseases that may cause nerve damage include: autoimmune diseases like lupus or rheumatoid arthritis, kidney or liver disorders, vascular and blood disorders. […] Physical trauma is a common cause of injury to the nerves. […] Alcohol can have a toxic effect on nerve tissue, putting people with severe alcohol use disorder at a higher risk of peripheral neuropathy. […] Certain viruses and bacteria directly attack nerve tissue. […] Autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and lupus affect the peripheral nervous system in various ways. […] Certain medications may also cause nerve damage.

• #1 Causes | The Foundation for Peripheral Neuropathy

  https://www.foundationforpn.org/causes/

  For patients with HIV/AIDS, peripheral neuropathy can by caused by the virus itself, by certain drugs used in the treatment of HIV/AIDS or other complications, or as a result of opportunistic infections. […] Peripheral neuropathy may occur as a result of malnutrition, for which there are many causes including poor nutrition caused by an unbalanced diet and/or alcoholism. Additionally, a clear link has been established between a lack of vitamin B12 and peripheral neuropathy. […] Industrial chemicals and drug and chemical abuse can lead to toxic neuropathy. Alcohol, lead, ethanol and certain herbs used in Eastern medicine can lead to peripheral neuropathy.

• #1 Peripheral Neuropathy: Causes, Types, Symptoms, Treatments, Prevention

  https://www.medicinenet.com/peripheral_neuropathy/article.htm

  Peripheral neuropathy is a disorder of nerve(s) excluding issues triggered by the brain and spinal cord. […] There are 11 possible causes of peripheral neuropathy, including: Diabetes mellitus, Shingles (postherpetic neuralgia), Vitamin deficiency, particularly B12 and folate, Alcohol use, Autoimmune diseases, including lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, or Guillain-Barre syndrome, AIDS, whether from the disease or its treatment, syphilis, and kidney failure, Inherited disorders, such as amyloid polyneuropathy or Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Exposure to toxins, such as heavy metals, gold compounds, lead, arsenic, mercury, and organophosphate pesticides, Cancer therapy drugs such as vincristine (Oncovin and Vincasar) and other medications, such as antibiotics including metronidazole (Flagyl) and isoniazid, Rarely, diseases such as neurofibromatosis can lead to peripheral neuropathy. Other rare congenital neuropathies include Fabry disease, Tangier disease, hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathy, and hereditary amyloidosis.

• #1 Peripheral Neuropathy: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2020/1215/p732.html

  The pathophysiology of peripheral neuropathy results from injury to small- or large-diameter nerve fibers. Damage can occur to the cell body, axon, myelin sheath, or a combination of these, leading to symptoms such as numbness, tingling, pain, and weakness. […] If peripheral neuropathy is suspected, a differential diagnosis should be formulated through a history and physical examination. […] The history should also include toxin and medication exposures; illnesses that can cause neuropathy, such as Lyme disease or HIV; trauma; family history of neurologic diseases or skeletal deformities; and recent travel. […] In up to 50% of cases, the cause of peripheral neuropathy may not be identified with a history and physical examination, especially if the symptoms are mild. […] Initial testing in patients with suspected peripheral neuropathy should include a complete blood count; comprehensive metabolic profile; and fasting blood glucose, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and vitamin B12 levels. […] Peripheral neuropathy is likely if the history and physical examination reveal corresponding neuropathic findings. […] Treatment of peripheral neuropathy focuses on managing the underlying condition.

• #1 Peripheral Neuropathy: Causes, Signs, Symptoms, Treatments | Epic Healthcare & Physical Medicine

  https://epichealthflowermound.com/peripheral-neuropathy-causes-signs-symptoms-treatments/

  Peripheral neuropathy occurs when nerve damage disrupts communication between the nerves, spinal cord, and brain. […] Nerve damage that leads to peripheral neuropathy has many causes. Some of the most common include: Trauma caused by sports injuries falls, car accidents, and repetitive motion […] Diabetes: Up to 50% of people with diabetes develop peripheral neuropathy […] Autoimmune disorders, such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis […] Infections including Lyme disease, shingles, hepatitis C, Epstein-Barr virus, and other viral or bacterial infections […] Diabetes is the most common cause of autonomic neuropathy, but other health conditions and infections can be to blame. […] Certain medications and cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy […] Exposure to toxic chemicals or heavy metals […] Tumors, whether malignant or benign, can press on nerves […] A patient may experience one or more of the common causes of peripheral neuropathy.

• #1 Polyneuropathy – Brain, Spinal Cord, and Nerve Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/brain-spinal-cord-and-nerve-disorders/peripheral-nerve-and-related-disorders/polyneuropathy

  Polyneuropathy is the simultaneous malfunction of many peripheral nerves throughout the body. […] Infections, toxins, medications, cancers, nutritional deficiencies, diabetes, autoimmune disorders, and other disorders can cause many peripheral nerves to malfunction. […] Acute polyneuropathy has many causes: Infections involving a toxin produced by bacteria, as occurs in diphtheria; An autoimmune reaction (when the body attacks its own tissues), as occurs in Guillain-Barr syndrome; Certain toxins, such as triorthocresyl phosphate (TOCP) and thallium. […] The cause of chronic polyneuropathy is often unknown. Known causes include the following: Diabetes mellitus (the most common); Excessive use of alcohol; Infections (such as hepatitis C, HIV infection, Lyme disease, shingles); Hereditary neuropathies (such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease); Autoimmune disorders (such as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, vasculitis, and systemic lupus erythematosus); Vitamin B12 deficiency, which also causes subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord and often pernicious anemia; Other nutritional deficiencies (such as thiamin deficiency), an uncommon cause in the United States, except among people with alcohol use disorder who are malnourished; An underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism); Toxic substances, including heavy metals such as arsenic, lead and mercury; Kidney failure; Cancer (such as multiple myeloma), which damages nerves by directly invading or putting pressure on them; Medications, including the antiseizure medication phenytoin, some antibiotics (such as chloramphenicol, nitrofurantoin, and sulfonamides), and some chemotherapy medications (such as vinblastine and vincristine).

• #1 Peripheral neuropathy DDx • LITFL • CCC Differential Diagnosis

  https://litfl.com/peripheral-neuropathy-ddx/

  Causes […] Peripheral neuropathies […] DAM IT BICH […] drugs and toxins e.g. heavy metals, isoniazid, vincristine, phenytoin, nitrofurantoin, cis-platinum, amiodarone, larges of vitamin B6, […] alcohol and amyloid […] metabolic e.g. DM (30%), acromegaly, hypothyroidism […] infectious/post- e.g. Lyme, diptheria, GBS […] tumor e.g. lung CA […] B12, B1, B5 or B6 deficiency […] idiopathic (30%) […] CTD or vasculitis, e.g. SLE, PAN […] hereditary (30%) […] or the alternative DAM IT BITCH: […] D Drugs and chemicals (Pb, phenytoin, metronidazole, amiodarone, hydralazine, vincristine, isoniazid, organic solvents, sulphonamides, nitrofurantoin, CO, OPs). […] A alcohol (with or without Thiamine deficiency) […] M metabolic (diabetes, hypoglycemia, uraemia) […] I infection (HIV, leprosy, lyme, diptheria, syphilis) or post infectious (GBS)

• #1 Causes of Neuropathy | NeuropathyCommons

  https://neuropathycommons.org/neuropathy/causes-neuropathy

  This is the commonest cause of neuropathy in developed countries. Neuropathy affects roughly half of diabetics. […] Cancers such as lymphoma and monoclonal gammopathy (abnormal blood proteins) cause neuropathies, too. Some medications, called chemotherapeutics, that are used to treat cancer can damage nerves and cause neuropathy. […] These are another cause of neuropathy, especially with respect to vitamins B-1, B-6 and B-12. These are important in nerve metabolism and when they are lacking the nerves suffer, leading to neuropathy with loss or impairment of neural function. […] Causes neuropathy two ways. The first is by direct toxicity to the nerves. […] Some autoimmune diseases only affect one part of the body; sometimes this is the nerves. […] Chemicals that can damage the nerves and disrupt their functioning.

• #1 Peripheral Neuropathy – Symptoms, Types and Causes

  https://www.webmd.com/brain/understanding-peripheral-neuropathy-basics

  Idiopathic peripheral neuropathy. In almost half of all cases, there isn’t a specific cause. Your doctor may refer to your condition as „idiopathic.” […] Peripheral neuropathies can be a side effect of certain medications. This happens because the drugs, in some way, damage your peripheral nerves. […] While the condition has been linked to any number of medications, peripheral neuropathy is commonly associated with the following types: Chemotherapy drugs such as cisplatin, oxaliplatin, taxanes, vinca alkaloids, bortezomib, suramin, and misonidazole, Cardiovascular drugs such as amiodarone, perhexiline, and statins, TNF-alpha inhibitors used to treat inflammatory conditions such as infliximab, etanercept, and adalimumab, Anticonvulsants such as phenytoin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine, valproate, gabapentin, levetiracetam, and lacosamide, HIV/AIDS drugs, such as zalcitabine, didanosine, and astavudine, Certain antibiotics, including fluoroquinolones, Disulfiram, used to treat alcohol use disorder, Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), when taken in high doses, especially over 200 milligrams daily, Colchicine, often used to treat gout, Lithium, particularly when taken in large amounts, Chloroquine, often used to treat and prevent malaria, Hydroxychloroquine, used to treat or prevent malaria as well as autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus.

• #1 Top 10 Causes of Peripheral Neuropathy | Fox Integrated Healthcare…

  https://foxintegratedhealthcare.com/neuropathy/top-10-causes-of-peripheral-neuropathy/

  Chemotherapy Drugs: An estimated 30-40% of people on certain chemotherapy drugs will see signs of polyneuropathy develop, and it often continues after the treatment course is completed. Radiation therapy may have similar effects. […] Some Cancers and Benign Tumors: Tumors that infiltrate or compress a nerve fiber can cause neuropathy, regardless of the form of tumor. […] Infections: Many infections can attack nerve tissues and cause neuropathy to develop. West Nile, herpes, and HIV are some examples. […] Genetic causes of neuropathy are very rare, though mutations can occur or be inherited. In these scenarios, symptoms may begin to appear in infancy or childhood.

• #1 Peripheral neuropathy: Causes, symptoms and treatments | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/peripheral-neuropathy–causes–symptoms-and-treatments.h00-159621012.html

  Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common side effects patients can experience. It can occur while a patient is receiving chemotherapy or after treatment is finished. […] Chemotherapy drugs work by clearing out any rapidly growing cells. Although theyre effective in wiping out cancer cells, they can also affect normal cells, which leads to side effects. […] First, the chemotherapy can cause structural damage to the nerves. […] Secondly, it can influence how the brain registers pain. When a patient has a nerve injury in the hands, feet, arms or legs, its translated into signals that travel to the patients brain to alert it that somethings wrong. This signal is whats perceived as pain. Unfortunately, even if the nerves are structurally OK, they may function abnormally after chemotherapy, and the brains perception of nerve signals in the limbs can still be altered.

• #1 Peripheral neuropathy – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_neuropathy

  Underlying conditions including alcoholism, autoimmune disease, especially multiple sclerosis and Guillain-Barr syndrome, beriberi (vitamin B1 deficiency), cancer, celiac disease, non-celiac gluten sensitivity, diabetes mellitus (diabetic neuropathy), hypothyroidism, porphyria, vitamin B12 deficiency, and vitamin B6 excess.

• #1 Incidence & Causes | Neuropathy 101 | Neuropathy Action Foundation

  http://www.neuropathyaction.org/neuropathy_101/incidence_and_causes.htm

  An autoimmune disease is one in which the body’s immune system attacks body tissues. Neuropathies may occur in patients with multi-system autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosis in which the skin, joints, and kidneys may also be affected. […] Deficiencies of certain vitamins and minerals (including the B vitamins, vitamin E, and copper) can cause a peripheral neuropathy. […] Alcoholic patients may become deficient in thiamine (a B vitamin) if they do not eat well. This deficiency is thought to contribute to alcoholic polyneuropathy. […] In Western societies, B12 deficiency is the most common vitamin deficiency leading to neuropathy. […] Mutations in a number of genes (sections of DNA) may lead to a peripheral neuropathy. […] A wide array of industrial chemicals including solvents and heavy metals, including arsenic and lead, can cause neuropathy. […] Certain chemotherapeutic drugs are notorious for causing peripheral neuropathies. […] It is frustrating for both the patient and physician when a specific cause for a neuropathy cannot be found. Most idiopathic neuropathies progress over time, albeit very gradually.

• #1 Peripheral Neuropathy Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatments

  https://www.precisionhealth.com.au/healthcare-services/neurology/conditions-treated/peripheral-neuropathy/

• #1 Top 10 Causes of Peripheral Neuropathy | Fox Integrated Healthcare…

  https://foxintegratedhealthcare.com/neuropathy/top-10-causes-of-peripheral-neuropathy/

  Top 10 Causes of Peripheral Neuropathy […] Most cases of the condition are acquired, meaning they are not genetic or inevitable. In some cases, an acquired case has no discernible cause, but in most cases, a cause is known. Some of the most common causes are detailed below. […] Physical Injury or Trauma: The most common cause of acquired neuropathy is a trauma of some sort, such as a car accident or sports-related injury that stretches, crushes, or compresses the nerve. In some cases, nerves can even become detached from the spinal cord. Prolonged but mild injuries can also cause damage over time when left untreated. For example, carpal tunnel is a form of neuropathy that occurs in response to repetitive typing over long periods. […] Diabetes: In the United States, diabetic neuropathy treatment is one of the most sought out treatment in terms of neuropathy. About 60-70% of people with diabetes have some form of damage to the nerves, leading to numbness, tingling, and weakness in the feet or lower body.

• #1 Peripheral Neuropathy | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

  https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/peripheral-neuropathy

  Peripheral neuropathy refers to the many conditions that involve damage to the peripheral nervous system. […] Peripheral neuropathy is either acquired, meaning it is not something the person is born with, or genetic. Acquired neuropathies can be symptomatic (the result of another disorder or condition) or idiopathic (meaning it has no known cause). Diabetes is the leading cause of peripheral neuropathy in the U.S. About two thirds of people with diabetes have mild to severe nerve problems that can cause numb, tingling, or burning feet, one-sided bands of pain, and numbness and weakness on the trunk or pelvis. […] Other possible causes of acquired peripheral neuropathy include: Physical injury (trauma), such as from car accidents, falls, sports, and medical procedures. Even less severe traumas can cause serious nerve damage.

• #1 Neuropathy: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/neuro/neuromuscular-disorders/neuropathy

  Neuropathy, often called peripheral neuropathy, is not one condition but a group of conditions that result from damage to nerves in the peripheral nervous system. […] Several health conditions can cause neuropathy, including diabetes, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, lymphoma, Lyme disease, carpal tunnel syndrome, and more. […] There are several causes of neuropathy, with diabetes being the most well-known. […] Causes of neuropathy may include: […] Diabetes and prediabetes: About half of those with diabetes develop neuropathy, which may be caused by high blood sugar, triglycerides, and cholesterol levels. […] Nerve compression: Ulnar neuropathy (the result of damage to the ulnar nerve, which travels from the arm to the wrist, hand, and ring and little fingers) and carpal tunnel syndrome are examples of neuropathy caused by nerve compression in the hand and wrist.

• #1 Peripheral neuropathy: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000593.htm

  Other things that can lead to nerve damage are: Trauma or pressure on a nerve, Long-term, heavy alcohol use, Glue, lead, mercury, and solvent poisoning, Medicines that treat infections, cancer, seizures, and high blood pressure, Pressure on a nerve, such as from carpal tunnel syndrome, Being exposed to cold temperatures for a long period of time, Pressure from bad-fitting casts, splints, a brace, or crutches.

• #1 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-Causes-Peripheral-Neuropathy.aspx

  These can compress the nerves from outside, or destroy the nerve by growing into them, or originate from the nerve cells themselves. […] Tumors sometimes provoke paraneoplastic syndromes, which are caused not by the primary mechanical effects of the tumor but by the immune response attacking other organs, causing degeneration, including nerve damage. […] Many viruses cause damage to sensory nerves, like the infamous zoster virus, causing jolts of intense pain. […] Chemotherapy is well known to produce peripheral neuropathy, and almost a third of patients on chemotherapy discontinue it because of this intolerable side effect. […] Lead, mercury and arsenic are well-known heavy metal poisons whose effects include nerve damage. […] Alcohol abuse is a cause of permanent nerve damage, both directly as well as due to the induced deficiency of vitamin B1, B12, and folate which are important in nerve function and structure. […] Some mutations cause neuropathies, the milder ones in adulthood, but the more severe ones in infancy or childhood.

• #1 Peripheral neuropathy: Causes, symptoms, treatment, and prevention – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/peripheral-neuropathy-causes-symptoms-treatment-and-prevention

  Peripheral neuropathy can be caused by health conditions such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, kidney disease, Lyme disease, shingles, and hepatitis. […] Other conditions that can cause peripheral neuropathy include having poor blood flow to the legs (often caused by peripheral arterial disease, or PAD), an underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism), metabolism problems, nutritional deficiencies, and growths or tumors that press on nerves. […] Factors that can also cause peripheral neuropathy include heavy alcohol use, exposure to toxic chemicals, long-term exposure to cold, side effects of certain medications, nerve injuries from an accident, and pressure on a nerve (as with carpal tunnel syndrome), a cast, a brace, or crutches. […] Inherited conditions causing peripheral neuropathy include Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, which affects nerves in the arms, hands, legs, and feet; Friedreich ataxia, which slowly damages the nervous system; and a rare gene disorder known as giant axonal neuropathy, or GAN. […] In the U.S., diabetes is the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy, eventually affecting about half of all people with this condition. It happens when high blood sugar levels the hallmark of diabetes damage nerves and the small blood vessels that nourish them.

• #1 Top 10 Causes of Peripheral Neuropathy | Fox Integrated Healthcare…

  https://foxintegratedhealthcare.com/neuropathy/top-10-causes-of-peripheral-neuropathy/

  Vascular and Blood Problems: When the oxygen supply to the nerves is decreased, nerve tissue can become damaged. Diabetes, smoking, high blood pressure, and vasculitis can all contribute to this problem. When blood flow is affected, the nerve damage can be patchy and appear in multiple, unconnected areas. […] Autoimmune Disease: A condition in which the immune system attacks the body’s own tissue can target nerves or the surrounding tissue. Lupus and rheumatoid arthritis are common examples of this occurring. […] Hormonal Imbalances: If metabolic processes are disturbed, tissues may swell and compress peripheral nerves. […] Kidney and Liver Disorders: Abnormally high amounts of toxins in the blood can damage nerve tissue. Neuropathy is common in those on dialysis. […] Nutritional and Vitamin Imbalances: Deficiencies in certain vitamins or excess intake are known to cause neuropathy, as well as issues like alcoholism or overuse of certain medications.

• #1 Peripheral neuropathy: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000593.htm

  Peripheral neuropathy means these nerves don’t work properly. Peripheral neuropathy may occur because of damage to a single nerve or a group of nerves. It may also affect nerves in the whole body. […] Neuropathy is very common. There are many types and causes. Often, no cause can be found. Some nerve diseases run in families. […] Diabetes is the most common cause of this type of nerve problem. High blood sugar levels over a long time can damage your nerves. […] Other health conditions that may cause neuropathy are: Autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus, Chronic kidney disease, Infections such as HIV/AIDS, shingles, and hepatitis C, Low levels of vitamin B1, B6, B12, or other vitamins, Metabolic disease, Poisoning due to heavy metals, such as lead, Poor blood flow to the legs, Underactive thyroid gland, Bone marrow disorders, Tumors, Certain inherited disorders.

• #1 Peripheral Neuropathy: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2020/1215/p732.html

  Peripheral neuropathy, a common neurologic problem encountered by family physicians, can be classified clinically by the anatomic pattern of presenting symptoms and, if indicated, by results of electrodiagnostic studies for axonal and demyelinating disease. […] Common identifiable causes include diabetes mellitus, nerve compression or injury, alcohol use, toxin exposure, hereditary diseases, and nutritional deficiencies. […] Peripheral neuropathy is idiopathic in 25% to 46% of cases. […] The most common identifiable causes of peripheral neuropathy include diabetes mellitus, nerve compression or injury, alcohol use, toxin exposure, hereditary diseases, and nutritional deficiencies. […] Peripheral neuropathy affects 25% to 50% of patients with diabetes, depending on factors such as the patient’s age, number of years with diabetes, and level of diabetes control.

• #1 Incidence & Causes | Neuropathy 101 | Neuropathy Action Foundation

  http://www.neuropathyaction.org/neuropathy_101/incidence_and_causes.htm

  Causes of peripheral neuropathy include: Medical problems such as diabetes […] In about 30 percent of patients, a specific cause of neuropathy cannot be found even after an exhaustive search. These neuropathies are called idiopathic. Probably, complex metabolic and genetic factors contribute to idiopathic neuropathies. […] Many different medical problems lead to peripheral neuropathies. […] Medical problems that may be associated with neuropathy include: 1) metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus; 2) autoimmune diseases such as lupus erthymatosis; 3) organ failure; 4) endocrine (hormonal) diseases such as hypothyroidism; 5) infections such as Lyme disease, HIV, and leprosy. […] Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is the most common polyneuropathy in the United States and the world.

• #1 Neuropathy – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542220/

  About 2.4% of the population is affected by peripheral neuropathy. The prevalence increases to 8% in older populations. Peripheral neuropathy can be a manifestation of a wide range of pathologies that require further evaluation or treatment. […] Peripheral neuropathies stem from a variety of origins, including metabolic, systemic, and toxic causes. Underlying etiologies to consider include: […] In some cases, a direct cause may not be apparent.

• #1 Peripheral Neuropathy – Types | Symptoms | Causes | Risk Factors | Treatment

  https://www.icliniq.com/articles/neurological-health/peripheral-neuropathy

  The causes of peripheral neuropathy are: Diabetes. Alcohol abuse. Exposure to toxins. Trauma or injury. Nutritional deficiency. Cancer. Chemotherapy. Autoimmune conditions. Certain medications. Kidney and liver disease. Bone marrow disorders. Thyroid problems. Infectious diseases like Lyme disease, hepatitis B, leprosy, or AIDS. Hereditary (Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease). Idiopathic (the cause is unknown). […] The factors that increase the risk of peripheral neuropathy are: Uncontrolled diabetes. Alcoholism. Repetitive motion. Exposure to environmental toxins. Family history. Autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and lupus. Vitamin B deficiency. Infections. Kidney, liver or thyroid problems.

• #1 Toxic neuropathies: a practical approach | Practical Neurology

  https://pn.bmj.com/content/23/2/120

  Risk factors for neurotoxicity include increasing age, diabetes, obesity, high alcohol intake, pre-existing neuropathy, anaemia and low pretreatment concentrations of vitamin D, magnesium and albumin. […] Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy usually begins weeks to months after starting treatment and then stabilises or improves once treatment ceases, although the phenomenon of coasting (continued worsening after stopping chemotherapy for 23 months) is well documented, particularly with platinum compounds. […] The most helpful clinical feature in differentiating a toxic neuropathy from another cause of peripheral nerve symptoms in the cancer cohort is the temporal relationship to drug exposure. […] Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) is found in meat, eggs, grains and green vegetables, and the recommended daily intake is up to 2mg.

• #1 Polyneuropathy – Brain, Spinal Cord, and Nerve Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/brain-spinal-cord-and-nerve-disorders/peripheral-nerve-and-related-disorders/polyneuropathy

  The most common form of chronic polyneuropathy usually results from poor control of blood sugar levels in people with diabetes but may result from excessive use of alcohol. […] Depending on the cause, polyneuropathies may affect the following: Motor nerves (which control muscle movement); Sensory nerves (which transmit sensory information); Cranial nerves (which connect the head, face, eyes, nose, certain muscles, and ears to the brain); Autonomic nerves (which control involuntary functions such as blood pressure and heart rate); A combination of the above. […] Polyneuropathy may result from damage to any of the following: Myelin sheath (the membranes that surround the axon and that enable nerve impulses to travel quickly), as occurs in Guillain-Barr syndrome; The blood supply to the nerve, as can occur in vasculitis (inflammation of blood vessels); Axon (the long branch of the nerve that sends messages), as can occur in diabetes or kidney failure. […] Sometimes polyneuropathy affecting the hands and feet is the first indication that people have diabetes. […] If the cause cannot be corrected, treatment focuses on relieving pain and problems related to muscle weakness.

• #1 Peripheral Neuropathies Associate with Systemic Disease | PM&R KnowledgeNow

  https://now.aapmr.org/peripheral-neuropathies-associate-with-systemic-disease/

  Peripheral neuropathies associated with systemic disease refers to any disorder of the peripheral nervous system that is a sequela of a systemic disease process. Peripheral neuropathies have a wide-range of causes including toxic-metabolic, inflammatory or autoimmune, infectious, endocrine, and parainfectious. More specifically, systemic causes of peripheral neuropathies include hepatic disorders, endocrinopathies including diabetes and thyroid disorders, critical illness neuropathy, sarcoidosis, amyloidosis, celiac disease, autoimmune disease, vasculitis, infections such as HIV, inherited disorders such as CMT, tumors or paraneoplastic syndromes, kidney disease, alcohol use, medication side effects, toxins, vitamin deficiencies, and environmental factors. […] Etiology: There is a complex interplay between inflammatory, metabolic, and ischemic effects affecting distal peripheral nerves that has predominantly axonal features on electrophysiology studies, resulting in sensory, motor, and autonomic neuropathic features. The exact mechanism is unknown although high blood glucose levels have been shown to damage small blood vessels to the nervous system.

• #1 Peripheral Neuropathies Associate with Systemic Disease | PM&R KnowledgeNow

  https://now.aapmr.org/peripheral-neuropathies-associate-with-systemic-disease/

  Etiology: In cases of hepatitis B and C, immune complex deposition activates monocytes to release proinflammatory cytokines that attracts free radicals that ultimately cause nerve damage. The pathogenesis of peripheral neuropathy in noninfectious liver disease causes is unknown. […] Etiology: The etiology of hypothyroidism associated peripheral neuropathy is not completely understood. Possible explanations for thyroid neuropathy include increased compartmental pressure from mucinous infiltration of the perineurium and endoneurium leading to focal demyelination and compression, disruption of microtubule assembly causing axonal degeneration, and secondary demyelination. […] Etiology: Many toxic neuropathies such as in alcohol, chemotherapy, and heavy metals such as lead can cause axonal peripheral neuropathies that present acutely vs chronically. Several medications have been implicated in causing peripheral neuropathies including antimicrobials (dapsone, fluoroquinolones, metronidazole, and nitrofurantoin), antiretrovirals (stavudine), amiodarone, colchicine, phenytoin, infliximab, and pyridoxine.

• #1 Peripheral Neuropathies Associate with Systemic Disease | PM&R KnowledgeNow

  https://now.aapmr.org/peripheral-neuropathies-associate-with-systemic-disease/

  Etiology: Neuropathies caused by mechanical vibration, cold exposure, or hypoxemia are mainly axonal. The mechanism of pathogenesis is broad. For example, a cold injury can cause vascular and neurological changes to induce pain, but the precise mechanism is not fully understood. […] Etiology: Critical illness peripheral neuropathy is not well understood but studies suggest involvement of multiple pathways (metabolic, inflammatory, bioenergetic alterations). Possible mechanisms include the following: microvascular changes in peripheral nervous system, increased E-selectin expression, altered lipid serum profile, damage or inhibition of complex I of the respiratory chain causing muscle adenosine triphosphate depletion, and bioenergetic failure. […] Etiology: Amyloid peripheral neuropathy is caused by insoluble beta-fibrillar protein deposition in nerve sheaths, perineuronal tissues, and neural vasculature. Ischemic, infiltrative, inflammatory, and toxic metabolic factors are also implicated causing axon and neural capillary compression leading to loss of myelin fibers and axonal degeneration.

• #1 Asymmetric Peripheral Neuropathy

  https://mobile.fpnotebook.com/Neuro/Sx/AsymtrcPrphrlNrpthy.htm

  Asymmetric Peripheral Neuropathy, Focal Peripheral Neuropathy, Mononeuropathy, Multifocal Peripheral Neuropathy, Mononeuropathy Multiplex […] Causes […] Proximal and Distal Sensorimotor Asymmetric Neuropathy (Type 3) […] Radiculopathy (e.g. Lumbar Disc Disease) […] Plexopathy […] Brachial (e.g. Stinger, Thoracic Outlet Syndrome) […] Lumbosacral (e.g. HSV, VZV, CMV, HIV) […] Causes […] Distal Asymmetric Neuropathy […] Mixed Motor and Sensory Neuropathy […] Sensorimotor Mononeuropathy (Type 4) […] Carpal Tunnel […] Cubital Tunnel […] Morton’s Neuroma […] Meralgia Paresthetica […] Sensorimotor Mononeuropathy Multiplex (Type 5) […] Diabetes Mellitus […] Lyme Disease […] HIV Infection […] Lead Poisoning […] Polycythemia Vera […] Vaculitis (RA, SLE, Sjogren’s Syndrome)

• #1 Peripheral Neuropathy: Differential Diagnosis and Management | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2010/0401/p887.html

  Peripheral neuropathy has a variety of systemic, metabolic, and toxic causes. The most common treatable causes include diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, and nutritional deficiencies. […] Peripheral neuropathy can be caused by a variety of systemic diseases, toxic exposures, medications, infections, and hereditary disorders. The most common treatable causes are diabetes, hypothyroidism, and nutritional deficiencies. […] Several disorders can damage peripheral nerves and cause peripheral neuropathy; it is important to differentiate actual neuropathy from other disorders that can have a similar clinical presentation. […] The presence of neuropathic symptoms, decreased ankle reflexes, and decreased distal sensations, regardless of distal muscle weakness and atrophy, makes the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy likely. […] Some causes of peripheral neuropathy are characterized by mononeuropathy, some involve multiple nerves, and others have autonomic dysfunction or pain prominence.

• #1 Peripheral neuropathy – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/peripheral-neuropathy/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352067

  Peripheral neuropathy has many possible causes. […] Blood tests can detect low levels of vitamins, diabetes, signs of inflammation or metabolic issues that can cause peripheral neuropathy. […] Neuropathies caused by pressure on nerves, such as from tumors, might require surgery. […] Certain tricyclic antidepressants, such as amitriptyline and nortriptyline (Pamelor), can help improve pain. […] Alpha-lipoic acid has been used as a treatment for peripheral neuropathy in Europe for years and there is some evidence that it can be helpful in those with painful diabetic neuropathy. […] Alcohol can make peripheral neuropathy worse.

• #1 Diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy | Neurological Research and Practice | Full Text

  https://neurolrespract.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s42466-020-00064-2

  Peripheral neuropathy represents a spectrum of diseases with different etiologies. The most common causes are diabetes, exposure to toxic substances including alcohol and chemotherapeutics, immune-mediated conditions, and gene mutations. […] The diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy necessitates a thorough workup of possible etiologies in order to identify treatable causes of this disease spectrum as early as possible. For instance, almost every 10th patient suffers from a polyneuropathy of autoimmune origin, which is amenable to causal (immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory) therapies and, therefore, must not be overlooked. […] Hospital data-based epidemiological studies provide (often differing) lists of most frequent causes of peripheral neuropathy in Western countries. […] Clinical pattern #3 requires more extensive laboratory testing, including anti-ganglioside antibodies GM1, GD1a, neurofascin (NF155, NF186), contactin-1, Caspr1, and anti-myelin associated glycoprotein (MAG) antibodies. In patients with clinical pattern #4, serological testing for vasculitis, for immune-mediated neuropathies, and infectious serology are recommended.

• #1 Diagnosis of peripheral neuropathy | Neurological Research and Practice | Full Text

  https://neurolrespract.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s42466-020-00064-2

  Genetic testing should be considered when clinical history or examination suggests a hereditary origin of the peripheral neuropathy. Positive family history is the most apparent hint but may be absent in the case of de novo mutations, adopted individuals, or small families. […] Nerve biopsy as an invasive procedure should be considered in patients presenting with symptoms and signs suggestive of an inflammatory neuropathy. Mainly when a non-systemic vasculitic neuropathy is suspected, nerve biopsy is mandatory to confirm the diagnosis.

• #1 Peripheral Neuropathy: Keys to Diagnosis, Management, and Patient Communication

  https://practicalneurology.com/diseases-diagnoses/headache-pain/peripheral-neuropathy-keys-to-diagnosis-management-and-patient-communication/30420/

  If the etiology is not known, I discuss this candidly and make a plan for a follow-up examination with repeated testing in the future. […] The use of opioid medication for neuropathic pain is controversial, and, in my opinion, should be handled by an expert. […] The most important aspect of the discussion comes after review of the diagnosis, etiology, and treatment. […] I like to use this discussion as an opportunity to encourage patients to undertake lifestyle changes that may not only improve or stabilize their neuropathy but also improve their general health.

• #1 Peripheral Neuropathy: Causes, Types, Symptoms, Treatments, Prevention

  https://www.medicinenet.com/peripheral_neuropathy/article.htm

  While diabetes and postherpetic neuralgia are the most common causes of peripheral neuropathy, oftentimes no cause is found. In these situations, it is referred to as idiopathic peripheral neuropathy. […] Certain forms of peripheral neuropathy can be prevented. For example, avoiding alcohol toxicity, getting shingles vaccinations, avoiding heavy metal toxicity, and aggressively treating diabetes are all measures that can help prevent the development of peripheral neuropathy resulting from these causes.

• #1 Peripheral Neuropathy: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/neuropathy/guide/

  In 23 percent of cases, the cause is unknown. […] The FPN describes the following common causes of neuropathy: Poorly Managed Diabetes, Idiopathic Neuropathy, Chronic Alcohol Use Disorder, Cancer, HIV/AIDS. […] The character and quality of neuropathic pain tends to be pain that’s burning or electric in character. […] The prognosis for neuropathy depends on the type you have and how much it has progressed. Nerve damage can be permanent. […] However, correcting the underlying condition that caused neuropathy can allow nerves to recover or regenerate in some cases.

• #2 Peripheral neuropathy – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peripheral_neuropathy

  Peripheral neuropathy, often shortened to neuropathy, refers to damage or disease affecting the nerves. Damage to nerves may impair sensation, movement, gland function, and/or organ function depending on which nerve fibers are affected. Common causes include systemic diseases (such as diabetes or leprosy), hyperglycemia-induced glycation, vitamin deficiency, medication (e.g., chemotherapy, or commonly prescribed antibiotics including metronidazole and the fluoroquinolone class of antibiotics), traumatic injury, ischemia, radiation therapy, excessive alcohol consumption, immune system disease, celiac disease, non-celiac gluten sensitivity, or viral infection. It can also be genetic (present from birth) or idiopathic (no known cause). […] The most common cause of mononeuropathy is physical compression of the nerve, known as compression neuropathy.

• #2 Peripheral neuropathy – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/peripheral-neuropathy/symptoms-causes/syc-20352061

  Peripheral neuropathy can result from traumatic injuries, infections, metabolic problems, inherited causes and exposure to toxins. One of the most common causes of neuropathy is diabetes. […] Peripheral neuropathy is nerve damage caused by several different conditions. Health conditions that can cause peripheral neuropathy include: […] Diabetes and metabolic syndrome. This is the most common cause. Among people with diabetes, more than half will develop some type of neuropathy. […] Other causes of neuropathies include: […] Exposure to poisons. Toxic substances include industrial chemicals and heavy metals such as lead and mercury. […] In some cases, no cause can be identified. This is called idiopathic peripheral neuropathy.

• #2 Peripheral Neuropathy > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/peripheral-neuropathy

  Nerve damage that causes pain, tingling, numbness, or weakness in the extremities is known as peripheral neuropathy, and it can cause impairment in sensation or both sensation and strength. […] Peripheral neuropathy is very common among people with diabetes. Around 50% of people who have diabetes develop this condition over time. The longer a person has diabetes, particularly if it isn’t well-controlled, the more likely it is that he or she will develop peripheral neuropathy. […] Diabetes is the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy. Having high blood sugar levels may damage small blood vessels and nerves in the body parts that are farthest from the heart, which include the feet, legs, hands, and arms. […] Other conditions may also cause peripheral neuropathy, including: metabolic disease, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, other autoimmune diseases, poor blood circulation in the legs, hepatitis C, shingles, HIV/AIDS, vitamin B12 deficiency or another vitamin deficiency, alcohol use disorder, lead poisoning, mercury poisoning, an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism), kidney disease, inherited nerve diseases. […] Certain chemotherapy drugs may also cause peripheral neuropathy as an unintended side effect.

• #2 Peripheral neuropathy: Symptoms and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/147963

  Peripheral neuropathy occurs when the nerves outside the spinal cord and the brain are damaged. […] Peripheral neuropathy is a general term that describes many conditions caused by damage to the peripheral nervous system. […] Many types of neuropathy are idiopathic or of unknown cause, but several conditions can trigger the problem. These include: […] Diabetes is the leading cause of chronic peripheral neuropathy in the United States. […] Metabolic changes caused by uncontrolled diabetes can damage the walls of the tiny blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the nerves at the ends of the hands and feet and the essential organs in the body, such as the eyes, kidneys, and heart.

• #2 Diabetes-Related Neuropathy: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21621-diabetic-neuropathy

  Diabetes-related neuropathy happens when you experience nerve damage due to high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) that lasts a long time. […] Neuropathy can develop from other causes, too, like pinched nerves, inflammation, nutrient deficiencies and injuries affecting your nerves. Healthcare providers diagnose neuropathy as diabetes-related if you have diabetes and they cant find another cause for it. […] Peripheral neuropathy is the most common type of diabetes-related neuropathy. […] Each person is different, so its almost impossible to predict how high blood sugar levels have to be and for how long to cause neuropathy. […] Studies show that peripheral neuropathy affects at least 20% of people with Type 1 diabetes whove had diabetes for at least 20 years. It affects 15% to 50% of people with Type 2 diabetes whove had diabetes for at least 10 years. […] Perpetually high blood sugar levels can damage small blood vessels that provide oxygen and nutrients to your nerves. Without enough oxygen and nutrients, nerve cells can die, affecting the function of your nerve. This causes neuropathy.

• #2 Peripheral neuropathy: Causes, symptoms, treatment, and prevention – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/peripheral-neuropathy-causes-symptoms-treatment-and-prevention

  Peripheral neuropathy can be caused by health conditions such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, kidney disease, Lyme disease, shingles, and hepatitis. […] Other conditions that can cause peripheral neuropathy include having poor blood flow to the legs (often caused by peripheral arterial disease, or PAD), an underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism), metabolism problems, nutritional deficiencies, and growths or tumors that press on nerves. […] Factors that can also cause peripheral neuropathy include heavy alcohol use, exposure to toxic chemicals, long-term exposure to cold, side effects of certain medications, nerve injuries from an accident, and pressure on a nerve (as with carpal tunnel syndrome), a cast, a brace, or crutches. […] Inherited conditions causing peripheral neuropathy include Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, which affects nerves in the arms, hands, legs, and feet; Friedreich ataxia, which slowly damages the nervous system; and a rare gene disorder known as giant axonal neuropathy, or GAN. […] In the U.S., diabetes is the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy, eventually affecting about half of all people with this condition. It happens when high blood sugar levels the hallmark of diabetes damage nerves and the small blood vessels that nourish them.

• #2

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/peripheral-neuropathy/causes/

  Diabetes is the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy in the UK. […] Neuropathy can also be caused by other health conditions and certain medicines. […] In some cases, no cause can be identified and this is termed idiopathic neuropathy. […] Peripheral neuropathy caused by either type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes is called diabetic polyneuropathy. […] It’s probably caused by high levels of sugar in your blood damaging the tiny blood vessels that supply your nerves. […] Peripheral neuropathy becomes more likely the longer you have had diabetes. […] As well as diabetes, there are many other possible causes of peripheral neuropathy. […] Some of the health conditions that can cause peripheral neuropathy include: excessive alcohol drinking for years, low levels of vitamin B12 or other vitamins, physical damage to the nerves, such as from an injury or during surgery, an underactive thyroid gland, certain infections, such as shingles, Lyme disease, diphtheria, botulism and HIV, inflammation of the blood vessels, chronic liver disease or chronic kidney disease, the presence of an abnormal protein in the blood (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, or MGUS), certain types of cancer, such as lymphoma, a cancer of the lymphatic system, and multiple myeloma, a type of bone marrow cancer, Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) disease and other types of hereditary motor sensory neuropathy, genetic conditions that cause nerve damage, particularly in the feet, having high levels of toxins in your body, such as arsenic, lead or mercury, Guillain-Barr syndrome, a rare condition that causes rapid onset of paralysis within days, amyloidosis, a group of rare but serious health conditions caused by deposits of abnormal protein called amyloid in tissues and organs throughout the body, health conditions caused by overactivity of the immune system, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, Sjgren’s syndrome or coeliac disease. […] A few medicines may sometimes cause peripheral neuropathy as a side effect in some people.

• #2 Neuropathy: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/neuro/neuromuscular-disorders/neuropathy

  Certain hereditary conditions: Genetic mutations may cause mild neuropathy while certain genetic diseases present at birth, such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, may be the cause of nerve damage. […] Rheumatologic and autoimmune diseases: Certain conditions, such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, may cause neuropathic pain. […] Trauma: Sports injuries, accidents, falls, and bone fractures may cause damage to nerves, in turn leading to neuropathic symptoms. […] HIV/AIDS, Lyme disease, and other infections: HIV/AIDS and Lyme disease significantly impact the nervous system, which can result in neuropathic symptoms. […] Kidney disease: Nerve function may be impacted by high concentrations of toxins in the blood caused by kidney disease. […] Medications: Certain cancer medications, such as chemotherapy and radiation, may trigger symptoms of neuropathy in some individuals.

• #2 Peripheral Neuropathy: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/brain-nerves/peripheral-neuropathy-leaflet

  Some toxins, such as insecticides or solvents, can cause peripheral nerve damage. […] If you have certain cancers, you can develop peripheral neuropathy. […] Alcoholic neuropathy is the name given to peripheral neuropathy that affects some people who drink large amounts of alcohol. […] Chronic kidney disease can lead to an imbalance of salts and chemicals in the bloodstream and can cause peripheral neuropathy. […] Damage can be caused to peripheral nerves by some infections, including shingles, HIV infection and Lyme disease. […] Conditions including rheumatoid arthritis, Sjgren’s syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus can all lead to peripheral neuropathy in some people. […] Conditions including sarcoidosis and coeliac disease can also cause peripheral neuropathy. […] Certain diseases that you can inherit from your parents can cause peripheral neuropathy. […] In a few people, no specific cause is found for their peripheral neuropathy. This is known as idiopathic peripheral neuropathy.

• #2 Peripheral Neuropathy: Symptoms and Causes | Banner Health

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/services/neurology/diseases/peripheral-nerve-disease

  Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP): Specific autoimmune disorders that directly target the nerves. […] Vasculitis: Inflammation of blood vessels that can damage nerves by reducing blood flow. […] Paraneoplastic syndromes: Rare conditions where some cancers trigger autoimmune responses affecting the nerves. […] Inherited disorders: Some neuropathies are inherited, such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. […] Other diseases: Metabolic conditions such as kidney disease, liver disease or hypothyroidism.

• #2 Peripheral Neuropathy: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14737-peripheral-neuropathy

  Peripheral neuropathy can happen for many reasons. These include: […] The most common cause of peripheral neuropathy is unmanaged type 2 diabetes. When your blood sugar is too high for too long, it damages your peripheral nerves. […] Excessive intake of alcohol, especially over long periods of time, can damage nerves. Alcohol use disorder is a common cause of peripheral neuropathy, and it can also contribute to vitamin deficiencies that lead to peripheral neuropathy. […] People can develop nerve damage because they have deficiencies in certain vitamins. The deficiencies that are most likely to cause this are copper and vitamins B1, B6, B9, B12, folic acid (B9) and E. […] Guillain-Barr syndrome and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) can cause severe weakness. […] Chemotherapy and certain other medications (antibiotics, and medications that treat arrhythmia and gout) can cause peripheral neuropathy.

• #2 Asymmetric Peripheral Neuropathy

  https://mobile.fpnotebook.com/Neuro/Sx/AsymtrcPrphrlNrpthy.htm

  Pure Neuropathy […] Pure Motor Neuropathy (Type 6) […] Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) […] Pure Sensory Neuropathy, Ganglionopathy (Type 7) […] Herpes Simplex Virus […] Varicella Zoster Virus (Shingles) […] Primary Biliary Cirrhosis […] Sjogren’s Syndrome […] Vitamin B6 Overdose […] Mercury Poisoning […] Vitamin E deficiency […] Leprosy […] Causes […] Focal Neuropathy (Mononeuropathy) […] Characteristics […] Primarily sensory Neuropathy (e.g. pain and Paresthesias) […] Motor symptoms (e.g. Muscle Weakness, atrophy) occur in severe or chronic cases […] Causes […] Acromegaly […] Amyloidosis […] Cancer infiltration […] Direct nerve Trauma (e.g. Burn Injury, frost bite, Radiation Injury, traction) […] Entrapment Neuropathy […] Ischemic injury […] Leprosy

• #2 Peripheral Neuropathy: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14737-peripheral-neuropathy

  Genetic conditions are ones you inherit from one or both parents. Examples of these causing peripheral neuropathy include amyloidosis, Fabry disease and Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. […] Nerve damage from infections can happen because of viruses, such as HIV, or bacteria such as Borrelia burgdorferi, which causes Lyme disease. […] Trauma and surgery can cause peripheral neuropathy. […] Lack of blood flow can cause peripheral neuropathy. […] It’s common for peripheral neuropathy to happen for unknown reasons. This type of neuropathy is known as idiopathic or cryptogenic (hidden or obscure cause).

• #2 Polyneuropathy: Causes, symptoms, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/317212

  Polyneuropathy occurs when multiple peripheral nerves become damaged. […] Several medical conditions and other factors can cause polyneuropathy, including: […] Diabetes: This can be a significant risk factor, especially if blood sugar levels are difficult to manage. […] Alcohol misuse: Alcohol can damage nerve tissue, and alcohol use disorder is often associated with nutritional deficiencies that contribute to neuropathy. […] Autoimmune conditions: The immune system attacks the body, causing damage to nerves and other areas. […] Bacterial or viral infections: Certain infections, including Lyme disease, shingles, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV, can lead to neuropathy. […] Exposure to toxins: Toxic neuropathy may be due to exposure to industrial chemicals such as arsenic, lead, mercury, and thallium.

• #2 Toxic neuropathies: a practical approach | Practical Neurology

  https://pn.bmj.com/content/23/2/120

  Isoniazid is well known to cause a sensory predominant neuropathy, which is secondary to acquired pyridoxine (vitamin B6) deficiency. […] Nearly half of chronically alcohol-dependent people are affected by peripheral neuropathy. […] Lead toxicity is now rare, with significant exposure mainly confined to specific industries (eg, smelting and alloying, lead battery manufacture). […] In contrast to most toxic neuropathies, lead causes a subacute onset, predominantly motor neuropathy, with early and preferential involvement of the wrist and finger extensors, and sometimes asymmetry. […] Mercury exists in elemental, inorganic and organic forms, with exposure to elemental and inorganic mercury occurring mainly in industry (eg, manufacture of thermometers, chloralkali industry), and exposure to organic mercury due to ingestion of contaminated seafood.

• #2 Toxic neuropathies: a practical approach | Practical Neurology

  https://pn.bmj.com/content/23/2/120

  Inorganic arsenic toxicity occurs in the settings of contaminated drinking water, agricultural (herbicides, pesticides) and occupational exposure (mining, smelting) and events with homicidal or suicidal intent. […] Thallium toxicity typically manifests hours after ingestion with gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain) and a painful sensorimotor neuropathy, which can range from mild distal symptoms to an acute and severe illness similar to Guillain-Barr syndrome.

• #2 Incidence & Causes | Neuropathy 101 | Neuropathy Action Foundation

  http://www.neuropathyaction.org/neuropathy_101/incidence_and_causes.htm

  An autoimmune disease is one in which the body’s immune system attacks body tissues. Neuropathies may occur in patients with multi-system autoimmune diseases such as lupus erythematosis in which the skin, joints, and kidneys may also be affected. […] Deficiencies of certain vitamins and minerals (including the B vitamins, vitamin E, and copper) can cause a peripheral neuropathy. […] Alcoholic patients may become deficient in thiamine (a B vitamin) if they do not eat well. This deficiency is thought to contribute to alcoholic polyneuropathy. […] In Western societies, B12 deficiency is the most common vitamin deficiency leading to neuropathy. […] Mutations in a number of genes (sections of DNA) may lead to a peripheral neuropathy. […] A wide array of industrial chemicals including solvents and heavy metals, including arsenic and lead, can cause neuropathy. […] Certain chemotherapeutic drugs are notorious for causing peripheral neuropathies. […] It is frustrating for both the patient and physician when a specific cause for a neuropathy cannot be found. Most idiopathic neuropathies progress over time, albeit very gradually.

• #2 Peripheral neuropathy: Causes, symptoms and treatments | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/peripheral-neuropathy–causes–symptoms-and-treatments.h00-159621012.html

  Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common side effects patients can experience. It can occur while a patient is receiving chemotherapy or after treatment is finished. […] Chemotherapy drugs work by clearing out any rapidly growing cells. Although theyre effective in wiping out cancer cells, they can also affect normal cells, which leads to side effects. […] First, the chemotherapy can cause structural damage to the nerves. […] Secondly, it can influence how the brain registers pain. When a patient has a nerve injury in the hands, feet, arms or legs, its translated into signals that travel to the patients brain to alert it that somethings wrong. This signal is whats perceived as pain. Unfortunately, even if the nerves are structurally OK, they may function abnormally after chemotherapy, and the brains perception of nerve signals in the limbs can still be altered.

• #2 Peripheral neuropathy DDx • LITFL • CCC Differential Diagnosis

  https://litfl.com/peripheral-neuropathy-ddx/

  Causes […] Peripheral neuropathies […] DAM IT BICH […] drugs and toxins e.g. heavy metals, isoniazid, vincristine, phenytoin, nitrofurantoin, cis-platinum, amiodarone, larges of vitamin B6, […] alcohol and amyloid […] metabolic e.g. DM (30%), acromegaly, hypothyroidism […] infectious/post- e.g. Lyme, diptheria, GBS […] tumor e.g. lung CA […] B12, B1, B5 or B6 deficiency […] idiopathic (30%) […] CTD or vasculitis, e.g. SLE, PAN […] hereditary (30%) […] or the alternative DAM IT BITCH: […] D Drugs and chemicals (Pb, phenytoin, metronidazole, amiodarone, hydralazine, vincristine, isoniazid, organic solvents, sulphonamides, nitrofurantoin, CO, OPs). […] A alcohol (with or without Thiamine deficiency) […] M metabolic (diabetes, hypoglycemia, uraemia) […] I infection (HIV, leprosy, lyme, diptheria, syphilis) or post infectious (GBS)

• #2 Peripheral Neuropathy: Causes, Types, Symptoms, Treatments, Prevention

  https://www.medicinenet.com/peripheral_neuropathy/article.htm

  Peripheral neuropathy is a disorder of nerve(s) excluding issues triggered by the brain and spinal cord. […] There are 11 possible causes of peripheral neuropathy, including: Diabetes mellitus, Shingles (postherpetic neuralgia), Vitamin deficiency, particularly B12 and folate, Alcohol use, Autoimmune diseases, including lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, or Guillain-Barre syndrome, AIDS, whether from the disease or its treatment, syphilis, and kidney failure, Inherited disorders, such as amyloid polyneuropathy or Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, Exposure to toxins, such as heavy metals, gold compounds, lead, arsenic, mercury, and organophosphate pesticides, Cancer therapy drugs such as vincristine (Oncovin and Vincasar) and other medications, such as antibiotics including metronidazole (Flagyl) and isoniazid, Rarely, diseases such as neurofibromatosis can lead to peripheral neuropathy. Other rare congenital neuropathies include Fabry disease, Tangier disease, hereditary sensory autonomic neuropathy, and hereditary amyloidosis.

• #2 Toxic neuropathies: a practical approach | Practical Neurology

  https://pn.bmj.com/content/23/2/120

  Toxic neuropathies result from exogenous substances damaging the peripheral nerves. There are numerous causes, including prescribed and recreational drugs, heavy metals, industrial agents and biological toxins. […] Toxic neuropathies occur when chemicals, pharmaceuticals or dietary substances cause damage or dysfunction to peripheral nerves. While many of the individual causes are rare, toxic neuropathies collectively are not uncommon, with chemotherapies and alcohol as the most frequent causes. The many other causes include recreational drugs, heavy metals and dietary and industrial toxins. […] The most common phenotype in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy is a length-dependent sensory predominant axonal neuropathy, but there are some exceptions. This complication is very common with neurotoxic chemotherapy regimens, occurring in approximately 30%40% of those exposed.

• #2 Polyneuropathy – Brain, Spinal Cord, and Nerve Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/brain-spinal-cord-and-nerve-disorders/peripheral-nerve-and-related-disorders/polyneuropathy

  Polyneuropathy is the simultaneous malfunction of many peripheral nerves throughout the body. […] Infections, toxins, medications, cancers, nutritional deficiencies, diabetes, autoimmune disorders, and other disorders can cause many peripheral nerves to malfunction. […] Acute polyneuropathy has many causes: Infections involving a toxin produced by bacteria, as occurs in diphtheria; An autoimmune reaction (when the body attacks its own tissues), as occurs in Guillain-Barr syndrome; Certain toxins, such as triorthocresyl phosphate (TOCP) and thallium. […] The cause of chronic polyneuropathy is often unknown. Known causes include the following: Diabetes mellitus (the most common); Excessive use of alcohol; Infections (such as hepatitis C, HIV infection, Lyme disease, shingles); Hereditary neuropathies (such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease); Autoimmune disorders (such as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, vasculitis, and systemic lupus erythematosus); Vitamin B12 deficiency, which also causes subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord and often pernicious anemia; Other nutritional deficiencies (such as thiamin deficiency), an uncommon cause in the United States, except among people with alcohol use disorder who are malnourished; An underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism); Toxic substances, including heavy metals such as arsenic, lead and mercury; Kidney failure; Cancer (such as multiple myeloma), which damages nerves by directly invading or putting pressure on them; Medications, including the antiseizure medication phenytoin, some antibiotics (such as chloramphenicol, nitrofurantoin, and sulfonamides), and some chemotherapy medications (such as vinblastine and vincristine).

• #2 Toxic neuropathies: a practical approach | Practical Neurology

  https://pn.bmj.com/content/23/2/120

  Risk factors for neurotoxicity include increasing age, diabetes, obesity, high alcohol intake, pre-existing neuropathy, anaemia and low pretreatment concentrations of vitamin D, magnesium and albumin. […] Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy usually begins weeks to months after starting treatment and then stabilises or improves once treatment ceases, although the phenomenon of coasting (continued worsening after stopping chemotherapy for 23 months) is well documented, particularly with platinum compounds. […] The most helpful clinical feature in differentiating a toxic neuropathy from another cause of peripheral nerve symptoms in the cancer cohort is the temporal relationship to drug exposure. […] Pyridoxine (vitamin B6) is found in meat, eggs, grains and green vegetables, and the recommended daily intake is up to 2mg.

• #2 Top 10 Causes of Peripheral Neuropathy | Fox Integrated Healthcare…

  https://foxintegratedhealthcare.com/neuropathy/top-10-causes-of-peripheral-neuropathy/

  Top 10 Causes of Peripheral Neuropathy […] Most cases of the condition are acquired, meaning they are not genetic or inevitable. In some cases, an acquired case has no discernible cause, but in most cases, a cause is known. Some of the most common causes are detailed below. […] Physical Injury or Trauma: The most common cause of acquired neuropathy is a trauma of some sort, such as a car accident or sports-related injury that stretches, crushes, or compresses the nerve. In some cases, nerves can even become detached from the spinal cord. Prolonged but mild injuries can also cause damage over time when left untreated. For example, carpal tunnel is a form of neuropathy that occurs in response to repetitive typing over long periods. […] Diabetes: In the United States, diabetic neuropathy treatment is one of the most sought out treatment in terms of neuropathy. About 60-70% of people with diabetes have some form of damage to the nerves, leading to numbness, tingling, and weakness in the feet or lower body.

• #2 Non-Diabetes Causes of Peripheral Neuropathy | Surprise, AZ Nerve Pain Podiatrist | Fixing Feet PLLC

  https://www.fixingfeet.com/blog/non-diabetes-causes-of-peripheral-neuropathy.cfm

  Peripheral neuropathy is an issue with nerves in your extremities not functioning properly. […] Anything that causes damage to this system will result in neuropathy. […] There can be several alternative root causes. […] Autoimmune diseases cause your immune system to start attacking your own cells. This can lead to nerve damage that causes neuropathy. […] There are some conditions passed down from parent to child that cause peripheral neuropathy. […] Viral and bacterial infections are both known to cause peripheral neuropathy. […] A traumatic injury can also damage the nerves. […] Your body requires certain vitamins (and enough of them) for your nerves to function properly. […] Injuries or conditions, such as having a tumor, can compress, pinch or even sever the nerve. […] Exposure to toxins and poisons like mercury, arsenic, and lead can result in neuropathy. […] Some medications and treatments also cause peripheral neuropathy as an unfortunate side effect. […] Some injuries occur over time from repeated actions, such as from working and playing a sport like tennis. […] Other conditions can contribute to peripheral neuropathy as well.

• #2 Peripheral Neuropathy Causes and Diagnoses | Northwestern Medicine

  https://www.nm.org/conditions-and-care-areas/neurosciences/neuropathy/causes-and-diagnoses

  Neuropathies are either inherited at birth or acquired later in life. Some neuropathies begin suddenly, while others take years to develop. […] The most common systemic cause behind peripheral neuropathy is diabetic neuropathy, which can cause chronically high levels of blood glucose and damage nerves. Although doctors are sometimes unable to pinpoint the exact cause of an acquired neuropathy, there are many known causes, including: […] Systematic diseases: Including kidney disorders, liver diseases, hypothyroidism, exposure to toxins, cancers and tumors, and blood diseases […] Alcoholism […] Physical trauma: Including motor vehicle crashes, falls, and sports injuries. […] Infectious diseases: Including HIV, shingles, Epstein-Barr virus, Lyme disease, diphtheria and leprosy […] Autoimmune disorders: Including multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis, Guillain-Barr syndrome, lupus and Sjogren syndrome. […] Two hereditary neuropathies are: […] Charcot-Marie Tooth Disease (CMT) disease […] Amyloidosis.

• #2 Idiopathic Neuropathy | The Foundation for Peripheral Neuropathy

  https://www.foundationforpn.org/causes/idiopathic-neuropathy/

  Sometimes peripheral neuropathy seems to happen for no particular reason. Doctors call this disorder “idiopathic,” which means that no cause has been identified, despite appropriate testing. […] About 23% of PN cases are considered idiopathic, meaning they can’t be linked to a known cause.

• #2 Peripheral Neuropathy: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/neuropathy/guide/

  In 23 percent of cases, the cause is unknown. […] The FPN describes the following common causes of neuropathy: Poorly Managed Diabetes, Idiopathic Neuropathy, Chronic Alcohol Use Disorder, Cancer, HIV/AIDS. […] The character and quality of neuropathic pain tends to be pain that’s burning or electric in character. […] The prognosis for neuropathy depends on the type you have and how much it has progressed. Nerve damage can be permanent. […] However, correcting the underlying condition that caused neuropathy can allow nerves to recover or regenerate in some cases.

• #2 Understanding Peripheral Neuropathy: Causes, Symptoms, and Risk Factors – Pain & Wellness Institute

  https://www.painandwellnessinstitute.com/understanding-peripheral-neuropathy-causes-symptoms-and-risk-factors/

  Toxins and Chemical Exposure: Exposure to certain toxins, including heavy metals, medications (such as certain chemotherapy drugs), and industrial chemicals, can cause nerve damage and peripheral neuropathy. […] Genetic Factors: Inherited disorders, such as Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, can lead to peripheral neuropathy. These conditions often affect nerve function and structure. […] Individuals with diabetes are at a higher risk of developing peripheral neuropathy due to prolonged exposure to elevated blood sugar levels. […] Physical injuries, such as fractures or accidents, can lead to nerve damage and an increased risk of peripheral neuropathy. […] Chronic alcohol abuse can contribute to nerve damage, increasing the risk of developing peripheral neuropathy. […] Some medications, including certain chemotherapy drugs, antiretroviral medications for HIV, and certain antibiotics, carry a risk of causing peripheral neuropathy as a side effect. […] Conditions such as kidney disease, liver disease, and autoimmune disorders can increase the risk of peripheral neuropathy. […] A family history of neurological disorders or peripheral neuropathy may indicate a genetic predisposition to the condition.

• #2 Diagnosing Peripheral Neuropathy | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/peripheral-neuropathy/diagnosis

  Diabetes is a leading cause of peripheral neuropathy in the United States. Peripheral neuropathy can also be caused by an injury, such as a back injury. Chemotherapy can cause peripheral neuropathy as well. The condition is linked to autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, and may be associated with an inherited disorder, such as CharcotMarieTooth disease, which causes weakness in the lower leg and muscle atrophy in the hands. […] A blood test can detect conditions that may be causing peripheral neuropathy, such as diabetes, nutrient deficiencies, liver or kidney dysfunction, and abnormal immune system activity.

• #3 Peripheral Neuropathy – APMA MAIN

  https://www.apma.org/neuropathy

  In the United States, the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy is diabetes. According to the American Diabetes Association, 60 to 70 percent of people with diabetes will develop neuropathy within their lifetime. […] Other causes of peripheral neuropathy include: Certain medications, including some chemotherapy drugs. […] Heredity. Some people have a family history of peripheral neuropathy. […] Advanced age. Peripheral neuropathy is more common as people age. […] Arthritis. Certain type of arthritis, especially involving the back, can cause peripheral neuropathy. […] Alcoholism. According to the US National Library of Medicine, up to half of all long-term heavy alcohol users develop peripheral neuropathy. […] Neurological disorders. Certain neurological disorders, including spina bifida and fibromyalgia, are associated with peripheral neuropathy. […] Injury. Acute injury to the peripheral nerves may also cause peripheral neuropathy.

• #3 Diabetes-Related Neuropathy: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21621-diabetic-neuropathy

  Diabetes-related neuropathy happens when you experience nerve damage due to high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) that lasts a long time. […] Neuropathy can develop from other causes, too, like pinched nerves, inflammation, nutrient deficiencies and injuries affecting your nerves. Healthcare providers diagnose neuropathy as diabetes-related if you have diabetes and they cant find another cause for it. […] Peripheral neuropathy is the most common type of diabetes-related neuropathy. […] Each person is different, so its almost impossible to predict how high blood sugar levels have to be and for how long to cause neuropathy. […] Studies show that peripheral neuropathy affects at least 20% of people with Type 1 diabetes whove had diabetes for at least 20 years. It affects 15% to 50% of people with Type 2 diabetes whove had diabetes for at least 10 years. […] Perpetually high blood sugar levels can damage small blood vessels that provide oxygen and nutrients to your nerves. Without enough oxygen and nutrients, nerve cells can die, affecting the function of your nerve. This causes neuropathy.

• #3 Toxic neuropathies: a practical approach | Practical Neurology

  https://pn.bmj.com/content/23/2/120

  Inorganic arsenic toxicity occurs in the settings of contaminated drinking water, agricultural (herbicides, pesticides) and occupational exposure (mining, smelting) and events with homicidal or suicidal intent. […] Thallium toxicity typically manifests hours after ingestion with gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain) and a painful sensorimotor neuropathy, which can range from mild distal symptoms to an acute and severe illness similar to Guillain-Barr syndrome.

• #3 Asymmetric Peripheral Neuropathy

  https://mobile.fpnotebook.com/Neuro/Sx/AsymtrcPrphrlNrpthy.htm

  Myxedema (Hypothyroidism) […] Rheumatoid Arthritis […] Sarcoidosis […] Causes […] Multifocal Neuropathy (Mononeuropathy Multiplex) […] Characteristics […] Asymmetric, multifocal sensory (pain, Paresthesias, proprioception), motor (weakness, atrophy) deficits […] Autonomic deficits may occur […] Causes […] Connective Tissue Disorders and Vasculitis […] Diabetes Mellitus […] Hereditary predisposition to Compression Neuropathy […] HIV Infection or AIDS […] Leprosy

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