Materiały źródłowe

• #1

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/umbilical-hernia-repair/

  Umbilical hernias are very common in infants and young children, particularly in babies born prematurely. […] An umbilical hernia appears as a painless lump in or near the belly button (navel). […] It may get bigger when laughing, coughing, crying or going to the toilet and may shrink when relaxing or lying down. […] In many cases, the umbilical hernia goes back in and the muscles reseal by the time a child is 4 or 5 years old. […] Umbilical hernias can also develop in adults. Without treatment, the hernia will probably get worse over time. […] Surgery is recommended for most adults with an umbilical hernia because the hernia is unlikely to get better by itself when you’re older and the risk of complications is higher. […] Complications that can develop as a result of an umbilical hernia include: obstruction where a section of the bowel becomes stuck outside the abdomen, causing nausea, vomiting and pain; strangulation where a section of bowel becomes trapped and its blood supply is cut off; this requires emergency surgery within hours to release the trapped tissue and restore its blood supply so it doesn’t die.

• #2 Umbilical Hernia: Symptoms, What It Is, Treatment & Surgery

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/umbilical-hernia

  The most common sign of an umbilical hernia is a bulge on or near your belly button, where your small intestine pokes through your abdominal wall. […] Umbilical hernia symptoms are similar in adults and children. The most common sign is a visible bulge on or near your belly button that’s soft to the touch. For some people, the bulge is always visible. In other cases, you can only see the bulge when there’s pressure on your abdomen. For example, you may not notice the bulge until you lift something heavy. In newborns and babies, sometimes the bulge doesn’t appear until they’re crying. […] Adults with umbilical hernias are more likely to experience discomfort, dull pain or pressure. […] Symptoms that should alert you of a problem with your hernia requiring emergency care include: Sharp, sudden or worsening pain in your abdomen, Bulge that’s red, darkened, purple and firm, Blood in your poop, Nausea and vomiting.

• #3 Umbilical Hernias (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/umbilical-hernias.html

  An umbilical hernia happens when part of a child’s intestines bulges through the abdominal wall inside the belly button. It shows up as a bump under the belly button. The hernia isn’t painful and most don’t cause any problems. […] Most umbilical (um-BILL-ih-kul) hernias close on their own by the time the child turns 4 or 5. If a hernia doesn’t go away by then or causes problems, doctors may recommend surgery. […] The main sign of an umbilical hernia is a visible bump under the skin by the belly button. […] The hernia can look bigger and smaller: It can look bigger when a child does something that creates pressure in the belly, like standing up, crying, coughing, or straining to poop. It can look smaller again when the child lies down and is calm. […] Umbilical hernias usually close on their own without surgery. Keep an eye on the hernia to see if it changes. Call the doctor if your child still has the hernia after turning 5 years old.

• #4 Umbilical Hernia Repair – BetterKids

  https://betterkids.com.au/surgeries/umbilical-hernia-repair/

  Umbilical hernia surgery is a routine procedure used to repair a hernia that occurs in the umbilicus (belly button) when abdominal tissue, such as part of the intestine, pushes through an opening between the muscles. It is rare for the contents to get stuck, although it often results in a bulge at the umbilicus, like the picture. In children, the surgery is generally quick and highly effective, with a smooth recovery process for most patients. […] In most cases, umbilical hernias do not require surgery. Over 90% of umbilical hernias close on their own within the first 5 years of life. Even in older children, the defect in the abdominal muscles often continues to close with age. […] If the hernia persists beyond the age of 3-5 years, or if it causes pain or irritation, surgery may be considered to repair the opening. Repair is often considered around school age, as some children get teased at school because of the bulge.

• #5 Umbilical hernia: Causes, symptoms, and treatments

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/189580

  An umbilical hernia looks like a lump in the navel. It may get bigger when the infant is laughing, crying, going to the toilet, or coughing. When the child is lying down or relaxed, the lump may shrink or go away completely. […] The symptoms of an umbilical hernia will vary among cases. Regardless of the size of the hernia, if the abdominal wall constricts around it, this can cut off circulation to the protrusion, causing pain. The pain can range from mild to severe. […] A person should visit a doctor if the bulge: becomes painful, occurs alongside vomiting, swells up and becomes discolored, does not decrease when lying down or under light pressure. […] Hernias are less likely to resolve on their own in adults than in children. As a result, they are more prone to complications, and a person has a higher chance of needing surgery.

• #6 Umbilical Hernia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459312/

  An umbilical hernia is a defect in the ventral abdominal fascia at or near the umbilicus. The umbilicus is a frequent site of hernia, and umbilical hernias are often diagnosed during routine physical examinations. Not all umbilical hernias require surgical intervention, but approximately 65% of adults with an umbilical hernia will eventually require surgical intervention. […] Many people are diagnosed with an umbilical hernia during a routine physical examination. If the hernia is asymptomatic, affected individuals often choose expectant management over surgical repair. However, 65% of adult patients with an umbilical hernia will eventually require surgical repair; 3% to 5% of these repairs will be emergent. […] Surgical repair of an umbilical hernia is indicated if there is pain, dysfunction, or enlargement. The surgical approach to umbilical hernia repair is determined by the size of the hernia and other patient-specific factors such as comorbidities, body mass index, and the presence of other abdominal wall hernias.

• #7 Abdominal Wall Hernias | University of Michigan Health

  https://www.uofmhealth.org/conditions-treatments/surgery/abdominal-wall-hernias

  An umbilical hernia occurs when a weak spot in the belly allows a bit of fat, fluid, or intestine to push through, creating a lump or bulge near the belly button. […] Umbilical hernias frequently occur in infants. In most cases, these hernias will heal on their own. Occasionally, however, surgery may be required. […] Umbilical hernias also occur in adults, particularly those with health issues that cause increased pressure in the belly. Those issues may include obesity, pregnancy, chronic coughing or constipation, and difficulty urinating. […] Because they tend to grow bigger over time, umbilical hernias require treatment. Treatment typically involves surgery, but your doctor will discuss all your options with you in detail. Without treatment, you are at risk of developing a strangulated hernia, which means that blood supply to the tissue has been cut off. Strangulation is life threatening and requires emergency surgery.

• #8 Quality of Life After Umbilical Hernia Repair

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8611248/

  Umbilical hernia is defined as a midline abdominal wall defect extending from 3 cm above to 3 cm below the umbilicus, and it is a common adult diagnosis, with a global prevalence of 2%. Hernia symptoms include a periumbilical bulge and abdominal pain and discomfort, particularly when coughing, lifting, or bending over. Some people may not be aware of the condition until they have a medical checkup. […] Patients should seek medical attention if there is a painful or noticeable bulge on the abdomen. The patient can feel the bulge by touching the affected area or notice it when standing upright. […] The most common symptom was the feeling of a mass (55.6%). […] After one month of the operation, two patients (6.9%) complained of pain after one month of surgery, two patients (6.9%) complained of pain associated with discomfort, and one patient (3.4%) complained of pain associated with mass. […] Most cases (82.8%) did not have symptoms one month after the operation.

• #9 Umbilical Hernias: Guide to Symptoms & Treatment | Columbia Surgery

  https://columbiasurgery.org/conditions-and-treatments/umbilical-hernias-guide-symptoms-treatment

  You may notice a bulge in your belly button that is soft and may be reducible. You may also have associated symptoms such as: […] If you are having severe pain in your belly button, redness, or signs of a bowel obstruction such as inability to have a bowel movement associated with nausea or vomiting, you may need surgical evaluation immediately, as the contents of the hernia may be stuck. […] Even though some smaller hernias without symptoms can be watched over time, most research shows that even small hernias progress over time, therefore repairing them early may be beneficial. […] The typical experience is that you will have pain for about 1-2 days (it may feel like you did 500 crunches), soreness for 1 week, and little twinges of pain for about a month or nothing at all. […] If you overdo it with physical activity and get a recurrence of some mild pain, reduce the inflammation with ice, Ibuprofen (if possible) and rest. If pain persists, please contact your doctor.

• #10 Umbilical Hernia – Repair & Surgery | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/care/surgery/services/general-surgery/conditions/hernia/umbilical-hernia

  For most people who are living with the discomfort of an umbilical hernia, surgery is recommended to repair the problem. […] Most patients with umbilical hernias first notice a belly button bulge or discomfort. Over time these hernias can get larger and more uncomfortable as the hernia sac gets pushed out from inside the abdomen. […] Umbilical hernias carry the risk of becoming stuck or “incarcerated,” which could cause strong pain, nausea, vomiting, or the inability to pass gas from the rectum. This is an emergency, and if this happens, you should contact your doctor immediately or go to the emergency room. […] Because of the risk of incarceration and symptoms caused by the umbilical hernia, surgical repair is recommended for most patients. […] After surgery, you are usually able to leave the hospital on the same day, and patients usually take about three to five days off work after an open umbilical hernia repair.

• #11 Recurrent Hernia Risks and Treatment – Brigham and Women’s Hospital

  https://www.brighamandwomens.org/surgery/general-and-gastrointestinal-surgery/hernia/recurrent-hernia

  Signs and symptoms include: […] A bulge at or near the site of the original hernia […] Pain which can range from a dull ache to severe pain especially when coughing, sneezing or lifting heavy objects […] Bloating or constipation.

• #12 Umbilical Hernia: Should I Have Surgery? | Cigna

  https://www.cigna.com/knowledge-center/hw/medical-topics/umbilical-hernia-abo5738

  Have surgery now to repair your umbilical hernia, even if you don’t have symptoms. […] Many people are able to delay surgery for months or even years. And some people may never need surgery for a small hernia. If the hernia is small and you don’t have any symptoms, or if the symptoms don’t bother you much, you and your doctor may simply continue to watch for symptoms to occur. […] Over time, hernias tend to get bigger as the muscle wall of the belly gets weaker and more tissue bulges through. […] Repairing the hernia can relieve pain and discomfort and make the bulge go away. The hernia won’t heal on its own. […] Your doctor will recommend surgery right away if: You have pain, a swollen belly, or other signs of a rare but major problem called strangulation or incarcerated hernia. This can occur when the intestine gets trapped in the hernia sac and loses its blood supply. […] Your hernia may get worse, but it may not. Over time, hernias tend to get bigger as the muscle wall of the belly gets weaker and more tissue bulges through. But some small, painless hernias never need repair.

• #13 Umbilical hernia repair: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002935.htm

  Umbilical hernias also occur in adults. They are seen more in overweight people and in women, especially after pregnancy. They tend to get bigger over time. […] Without surgery, there is a risk that some fat or part of the intestine will get stuck (incarcerated) in the hernia and become impossible to push back in. This is usually painful. If the blood supply to this area is cut off (strangulation), urgent surgery is needed. You may experience nausea or vomiting, and the bulging area may turn blue or a darker color. […] Get medical care right away if you have a painful hernia or a hernia that does not get smaller when you are lying down or that you cannot push back in.

• #14 Umbilical Hernia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459312/

  An umbilical hernia is a defect in the ventral abdominal fascia at or near the umbilicus. The umbilicus is a frequent site of hernia, and umbilical hernias are often diagnosed during routine physical examinations. Not all umbilical hernias require surgical intervention, but approximately 65% of adults with an umbilical hernia will eventually require surgical intervention. […] Many people are diagnosed with an umbilical hernia during a routine physical examination. If the hernia is asymptomatic, affected individuals often choose expectant management over surgical repair. However, 65% of adult patients with an umbilical hernia will eventually require surgical repair; 3% to 5% of these repairs will be emergent. […] Surgical repair of an umbilical hernia is indicated if there is pain, dysfunction, or enlargement. The surgical approach to umbilical hernia repair is determined by the size of the hernia and other patient-specific factors such as comorbidities, body mass index, and the presence of other abdominal wall hernias.

• #15

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/umbilical-hernia-repair/

  Umbilical hernias are very common in infants and young children, particularly in babies born prematurely. […] An umbilical hernia appears as a painless lump in or near the belly button (navel). […] It may get bigger when laughing, coughing, crying or going to the toilet and may shrink when relaxing or lying down. […] In many cases, the umbilical hernia goes back in and the muscles reseal by the time a child is 4 or 5 years old. […] Umbilical hernias can also develop in adults. Without treatment, the hernia will probably get worse over time. […] Surgery is recommended for most adults with an umbilical hernia because the hernia is unlikely to get better by itself when you’re older and the risk of complications is higher. […] Complications that can develop as a result of an umbilical hernia include: obstruction where a section of the bowel becomes stuck outside the abdomen, causing nausea, vomiting and pain; strangulation where a section of bowel becomes trapped and its blood supply is cut off; this requires emergency surgery within hours to release the trapped tissue and restore its blood supply so it doesn’t die.

• #16 Umbilical Hernia – Repair & Surgery | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/care/surgery/services/general-surgery/conditions/hernia/umbilical-hernia

  For most people who are living with the discomfort of an umbilical hernia, surgery is recommended to repair the problem. […] Most patients with umbilical hernias first notice a belly button bulge or discomfort. Over time these hernias can get larger and more uncomfortable as the hernia sac gets pushed out from inside the abdomen. […] Umbilical hernias carry the risk of becoming stuck or “incarcerated,” which could cause strong pain, nausea, vomiting, or the inability to pass gas from the rectum. This is an emergency, and if this happens, you should contact your doctor immediately or go to the emergency room. […] Because of the risk of incarceration and symptoms caused by the umbilical hernia, surgical repair is recommended for most patients. […] After surgery, you are usually able to leave the hospital on the same day, and patients usually take about three to five days off work after an open umbilical hernia repair.

• #17 Umbilical hernia – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umbilical_hernia

  The hernia content becoming trapped combined with severe pain, inability to perform bowel movement or pass gas, swelling, fever, nausea and/or discoloration over the area could be signs of a prolonged compromise in blood flow of the hernia content. If so, emergency surgery is often required, since prolonged compromise in blood flow otherwise threatens organ integrity. […] Many hernias never cause any problems, and do not require any treatment at all. However, because the risk of complications with age are higher and the hernia is unlikely to resolve without treatment, surgery is usually recommended.

• #18

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/umbilical-hernia-repair/recovery/

  It’s normal to feel sore and uncomfortable immediately after surgery. […] Call a GP or 111 urgently if any of the following symptoms develop after surgery for an umbilical hernia: persistent high temperature, bleeding from the wound, increased swelling or pain in the abdomen, pain that isn’t relieved by painkillers, persistent vomiting, chills, persistent coughing or shortness of breath, increasing redness around your incisions, difficulty passing urine.

• #19 Umbilical Hernia: Symptoms, What It Is, Treatment & Surgery

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/umbilical-hernia

  The most common sign of an umbilical hernia is a bulge on or near your belly button, where your small intestine pokes through your abdominal wall. […] Umbilical hernia symptoms are similar in adults and children. The most common sign is a visible bulge on or near your belly button that’s soft to the touch. For some people, the bulge is always visible. In other cases, you can only see the bulge when there’s pressure on your abdomen. For example, you may not notice the bulge until you lift something heavy. In newborns and babies, sometimes the bulge doesn’t appear until they’re crying. […] Adults with umbilical hernias are more likely to experience discomfort, dull pain or pressure. […] Symptoms that should alert you of a problem with your hernia requiring emergency care include: Sharp, sudden or worsening pain in your abdomen, Bulge that’s red, darkened, purple and firm, Blood in your poop, Nausea and vomiting.

• #20 Umbilical hernia | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/umbilical-hernia

  An umbilical hernia is a soft lump or bulge under the skin near your belly button. The hernia may be more noticeable when: […] Most umbilical hernias are not painful. Some people may have mild discomfort. […] Seek urgent medication attention if you or your child have an umbilical hernia and: […] severe pain around the hernia […] pain when you press on the hernia […] red or purple skin around the hernia […] vomiting […] abdominal pain […] severe constipation. […] Surgery will usually be needed to treat an umbilical hernia in adults. Hernia repair is needed if your hernia is causing symptoms or getting bigger. […] Rarely, a part of your bowel, other abdominal organs or tissue can become trapped inside the umbilical hernia. This is called an incarcerated hernia. It causes pain and discomfort. You may not be able to push the hernia back in. […] If the blood supply to the bowel inside your hernia is cut off, this is called a strangulated hernia. […] If part of the bowel inside your hernia gets blocked, you can get a bowel obstruction. This causes vomiting, abdominal (tummy) pain and severe constipation.

• #21 Hernia Symptoms & Treatment | The University of Kansas Health System

  https://www.kansashealthsystem.com/care/conditions/hernia

  A hernia occurs when an internal organ pushes through a hole in the tissue that holds the organs in place. […] Although a hernia on its own isnt life-threatening, an untreated hernia can worsen and cause severe complications. […] Hernia symptoms may include: A bulge in the abdomen, groin or upper thigh area that becomes more pronounced if you stand upright or cough. A sensation of weakness, pressure or heaviness in your groin area. Localized pain that worsens when you bend over, lift something or cough. Pain at the site of the bulge. […] If the hernia becomes strangulated (trapped), symptoms are more severe and can be life-threatening: A hernia bulge that darkens to red or purple. Fever. Inability to pass stools or gas. Nausea or vomiting. Sudden pain that rapidly worsens.

• #22

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/umbilical-hernia-repair/

  Umbilical hernias are very common in infants and young children, particularly in babies born prematurely. […] An umbilical hernia appears as a painless lump in or near the belly button (navel). […] It may get bigger when laughing, coughing, crying or going to the toilet and may shrink when relaxing or lying down. […] In many cases, the umbilical hernia goes back in and the muscles reseal by the time a child is 4 or 5 years old. […] Umbilical hernias can also develop in adults. Without treatment, the hernia will probably get worse over time. […] Surgery is recommended for most adults with an umbilical hernia because the hernia is unlikely to get better by itself when you’re older and the risk of complications is higher. […] Complications that can develop as a result of an umbilical hernia include: obstruction where a section of the bowel becomes stuck outside the abdomen, causing nausea, vomiting and pain; strangulation where a section of bowel becomes trapped and its blood supply is cut off; this requires emergency surgery within hours to release the trapped tissue and restore its blood supply so it doesn’t die.

• #23 Umbilical hernia: Causes, symptoms, and treatments

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/189580

  Surgery for an umbilical hernia may be needed if it persists beyond age 5, causes pain, is larger than 1.5 cm, or leads to intestinal complications. […] Most umbilical hernias close on their own, but these conditions require intervention. […] There is a higher risk of complications in adult umbilical hernias, and these almost always require surgery to correct.

• #24

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/umbilical-hernia-repair/

  Umbilical hernias are very common in infants and young children, particularly in babies born prematurely. […] An umbilical hernia appears as a painless lump in or near the belly button (navel). […] It may get bigger when laughing, coughing, crying or going to the toilet and may shrink when relaxing or lying down. […] In many cases, the umbilical hernia goes back in and the muscles reseal by the time a child is 4 or 5 years old. […] Umbilical hernias can also develop in adults. Without treatment, the hernia will probably get worse over time. […] Surgery is recommended for most adults with an umbilical hernia because the hernia is unlikely to get better by itself when you’re older and the risk of complications is higher. […] Complications that can develop as a result of an umbilical hernia include: obstruction where a section of the bowel becomes stuck outside the abdomen, causing nausea, vomiting and pain; strangulation where a section of bowel becomes trapped and its blood supply is cut off; this requires emergency surgery within hours to release the trapped tissue and restore its blood supply so it doesn’t die.

• #25 Umbilical Hernia | Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/u/umbilical-hernia

  Umbilical hernias appear as a bulge or swelling in the belly button area. The swelling may become more noticeable when the baby cries and may become smaller or disappear when the baby is quiet. If a doctor gently pushes on the bulge when a child is lying down and calm, it will usually get smaller or go back into the abdomen. […] Sometimes the intestines get trapped within the umbilical hernia. This is referred to as an incarcerated hernia. When this occurs, the child usually has severe pain and the bulge may be firm and red. Urgent medical evaluation to exclude an incarcerated hernia is required in order to prevent possible damage to the intestines. It is uncommon for this to occur.

• #26 Umbilical hernia: Causes, symptoms, and treatments

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/189580

  Surgery for an umbilical hernia may be needed if it persists beyond age 5, causes pain, is larger than 1.5 cm, or leads to intestinal complications. […] Most umbilical hernias close on their own, but these conditions require intervention. […] There is a higher risk of complications in adult umbilical hernias, and these almost always require surgery to correct.

• #27 Umbilical Hernias (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/umbilical-hernias.html

  An umbilical hernia happens when part of a child’s intestines bulges through the abdominal wall inside the belly button. It shows up as a bump under the belly button. The hernia isn’t painful and most don’t cause any problems. […] Most umbilical (um-BILL-ih-kul) hernias close on their own by the time the child turns 4 or 5. If a hernia doesn’t go away by then or causes problems, doctors may recommend surgery. […] The main sign of an umbilical hernia is a visible bump under the skin by the belly button. […] The hernia can look bigger and smaller: It can look bigger when a child does something that creates pressure in the belly, like standing up, crying, coughing, or straining to poop. It can look smaller again when the child lies down and is calm. […] Umbilical hernias usually close on their own without surgery. Keep an eye on the hernia to see if it changes. Call the doctor if your child still has the hernia after turning 5 years old.

• #28 Umbilical and Paraumbilical Hernia Repair Colchester, Essex

  https://www.laparoscopicsurgeon.org.uk/umbilical-and-paraumbilical-hernia-repair-mr-tan-arulampalam-essex.html

  Umbilical or paraumbilical hernias present as a lump or soft bulge at or near the navel. […] Adults are more likely to experience pain with an umbilical or paraumbilical hernia. An incarcerated or unreducible hernia may be associated with discoloration, severe pain, tenderness, nausea and vomiting and is considered an emergency requiring treatment. […] Untreated umbilical or paraumbilical hernias in children may resolve on their own by the age of 1. Surgery is recommended if it persists or becomes complicated. Adults usually require surgical repair as the hernia will probably worsen by getting larger and more painful or becoming complicated. […] Complete recovery following surgery can take 3 weeks. […] Umbilical and paraumbilical hernias in babies usually resolve on their own by the age of 3 or 4. Surgical intervention is necessary for complicated hernias and for hernias affecting adults. Recurrence is rare following well treated hernias and is more likely in large and complicated hernias.

• #29 Umbilical Hernias (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/umbilical-hernias.html

  And call right away if: The hernia gets larger, seems swollen, or is hard. The hernia sticks out when your child is sleeping, calm, or lying down and you can’t push it back in. Your child is very cranky or seems to be in pain. Your child has pain when you touch the hernia. The skin over the hernia is red or looks darker than usual.

• #30

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/umbilical-hernia-repair/

  Umbilical hernias are very common in infants and young children, particularly in babies born prematurely. […] An umbilical hernia appears as a painless lump in or near the belly button (navel). […] It may get bigger when laughing, coughing, crying or going to the toilet and may shrink when relaxing or lying down. […] In many cases, the umbilical hernia goes back in and the muscles reseal by the time a child is 4 or 5 years old. […] Umbilical hernias can also develop in adults. Without treatment, the hernia will probably get worse over time. […] Surgery is recommended for most adults with an umbilical hernia because the hernia is unlikely to get better by itself when you’re older and the risk of complications is higher. […] Complications that can develop as a result of an umbilical hernia include: obstruction where a section of the bowel becomes stuck outside the abdomen, causing nausea, vomiting and pain; strangulation where a section of bowel becomes trapped and its blood supply is cut off; this requires emergency surgery within hours to release the trapped tissue and restore its blood supply so it doesn’t die.

• #31 Umbilical hernia: Causes, symptoms, and treatments

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/189580

  An umbilical hernia looks like a lump in the navel. It may get bigger when the infant is laughing, crying, going to the toilet, or coughing. When the child is lying down or relaxed, the lump may shrink or go away completely. […] The symptoms of an umbilical hernia will vary among cases. Regardless of the size of the hernia, if the abdominal wall constricts around it, this can cut off circulation to the protrusion, causing pain. The pain can range from mild to severe. […] A person should visit a doctor if the bulge: becomes painful, occurs alongside vomiting, swells up and becomes discolored, does not decrease when lying down or under light pressure. […] Hernias are less likely to resolve on their own in adults than in children. As a result, they are more prone to complications, and a person has a higher chance of needing surgery.

• #32 Umbilical Hernia Symptoms, Causes & Treatment | Spire Healthcare

  https://www.spirehealthcare.com/conditions/umbilical-hernia/

  An umbilical hernia is a bulge on or around the navel (belly button) which is usually painless but can cause complications. […] Umbilical hernias in adults usually require surgery to reduce the risk of complications. If you think you have an umbilical hernia, make an appointment to see your GP. […] In older children and adults, an umbilical hernia may continue to grow over a couple of months to the size where it may cause some complications. […] In older children and adults, umbilical hernias won’t go away without treatment and can be successfully repaired with surgery. […] Occasionally, an umbilical hernia can become trapped (incarcerated) and cut off the blood supply to healthy tissues. You should seek medical attention if you have: Pain and tenderness around the hernia’s bulge, Nausea and vomiting, A change in the colour of your hernia.

• #33 Abdominal Wall Hernias | University of Michigan Health

  https://www.uofmhealth.org/conditions-treatments/surgery/abdominal-wall-hernias

  An umbilical hernia occurs when a weak spot in the belly allows a bit of fat, fluid, or intestine to push through, creating a lump or bulge near the belly button. […] Umbilical hernias frequently occur in infants. In most cases, these hernias will heal on their own. Occasionally, however, surgery may be required. […] Umbilical hernias also occur in adults, particularly those with health issues that cause increased pressure in the belly. Those issues may include obesity, pregnancy, chronic coughing or constipation, and difficulty urinating. […] Because they tend to grow bigger over time, umbilical hernias require treatment. Treatment typically involves surgery, but your doctor will discuss all your options with you in detail. Without treatment, you are at risk of developing a strangulated hernia, which means that blood supply to the tissue has been cut off. Strangulation is life threatening and requires emergency surgery.

• #34 Adult Umbilical Hernia | ACS

  https://www.facs.org/for-patients/the-day-of-your-surgery/adult-umbilical-hernia/

  Visible bulge on the abdomen, especially when coughing or straining […] Pain or pressure at the hernia site […] Increasing sharp abdominal pain and vomiting can mean that the hernia is strangulated. This is a surgical emergency and immediate treatment is needed. […] Your hernia may cause pain and increase in size. If your intestine becomes squeezed in the hernia pouch, you will have sudden pain, vomiting, and require an immediate operation. […] A hernia is strangulated if the intestine is trapped in the hernia pouch and the blood supply to the intestine is cut off. This is a surgical emergency and a bowel resection may also be needed. […] If your hernia is not surgically repaired, there is a 4% risk that it can strangulate within the next five years.

• #35

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=acg3996

  After surgery, you are likely to have pain for a few days. The area around your navel may be swollen. You may also feel tired and have less energy than normal. This is common. […] You should feel better after a few days. […] Call your doctor or nurse advice line now or seek immediate medical care if: You have pain that does not get better after you take pain medicine. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if: You do not have a bowel movement within several days after the surgery. […] You do not get better as expected.

• #36

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=bo1696

  After surgery to repair your hernia, you are likely to have pain for a few days. You may also feel tired and have less energy than normal. This is common. […] For several weeks you may feel discomfort or pulling in the hernia repair when you move. You may have some bruising around the area of the repair. This is normal. […] You may notice that your bowel movements are not regular right after your surgery. This is common. Avoid constipation and straining with bowel movements. You may want to take a fibre supplement every day. If you have not had a bowel movement after a couple of days, ask your doctor about taking a mild laxative. […] If you had laparoscopic surgery, you may also have pain in your shoulder. The pain usually lasts about a day or two. […] You have signs of infection, such as: Increased pain, swelling, warmth, or redness. Red streaks leading from the incision. Pus draining from the incision. A fever. […] You have pain that does not get better after you take pain medicine.

• #37 Umbilical Hernias: Guide to Symptoms & Treatment | Columbia Surgery

  https://columbiasurgery.org/conditions-and-treatments/umbilical-hernias-guide-symptoms-treatment

  You may notice a bulge in your belly button that is soft and may be reducible. You may also have associated symptoms such as: […] If you are having severe pain in your belly button, redness, or signs of a bowel obstruction such as inability to have a bowel movement associated with nausea or vomiting, you may need surgical evaluation immediately, as the contents of the hernia may be stuck. […] Even though some smaller hernias without symptoms can be watched over time, most research shows that even small hernias progress over time, therefore repairing them early may be beneficial. […] The typical experience is that you will have pain for about 1-2 days (it may feel like you did 500 crunches), soreness for 1 week, and little twinges of pain for about a month or nothing at all. […] If you overdo it with physical activity and get a recurrence of some mild pain, reduce the inflammation with ice, Ibuprofen (if possible) and rest. If pain persists, please contact your doctor.

• #38 Umbilical Hernia Repair: What to Expect at Home | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.umbilical-hernia-repair-what-to-expect-at-home.acg3996

  After surgery, you are likely to have pain for a few days. The area around your navel may be swollen. You may also feel tired and have less energy than normal. This is common. […] You should feel better after a few days. […] Call your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if: You have pain that does not get better after you take pain medicine. You cannot pass stool or gas. You have loose stitches, or your incision comes open. You are bleeding from the incision. You have signs of infection, such as: Increased pain, swelling, warmth, or redness. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if: You do not have a bowel movement within several days after the surgery. You do not get better as expected.

• #39 Umbilical Hernias: Guide to Symptoms & Treatment | Columbia Surgery

  https://columbiasurgery.org/conditions-and-treatments/umbilical-hernias-guide-symptoms-treatment

  You may notice a bulge in your belly button that is soft and may be reducible. You may also have associated symptoms such as: […] If you are having severe pain in your belly button, redness, or signs of a bowel obstruction such as inability to have a bowel movement associated with nausea or vomiting, you may need surgical evaluation immediately, as the contents of the hernia may be stuck. […] Even though some smaller hernias without symptoms can be watched over time, most research shows that even small hernias progress over time, therefore repairing them early may be beneficial. […] The typical experience is that you will have pain for about 1-2 days (it may feel like you did 500 crunches), soreness for 1 week, and little twinges of pain for about a month or nothing at all. […] If you overdo it with physical activity and get a recurrence of some mild pain, reduce the inflammation with ice, Ibuprofen (if possible) and rest. If pain persists, please contact your doctor.

• #40 How Long Does It Take to Recover from an Umbilical Hernia Repair Surgery?

  https://www.medicinenet.com/recovery_time_for_an_umbilical_hernia_surgery/article.htm

  An umbilical hernia repair is a relatively routine surgery and takes about 20 to 30 minutes. […] An umbilical hernia surgery is not painful because the procedure is performed under anesthesia. During recovery there might be pain, which can be managed with painkillers. […] Most people can return to normal daily activities within a week or two after an umbilical hernia surgery. They may be advised to avoid heavy lifting or strenuous activities for about six weeks.

• #41

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/umbilical-hernia-repair/recovery/

  It’s normal to feel sore and uncomfortable immediately after surgery. […] Call a GP or 111 urgently if any of the following symptoms develop after surgery for an umbilical hernia: persistent high temperature, bleeding from the wound, increased swelling or pain in the abdomen, pain that isn’t relieved by painkillers, persistent vomiting, chills, persistent coughing or shortness of breath, increasing redness around your incisions, difficulty passing urine.

• #42

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=acg3996

  After surgery, you are likely to have pain for a few days. The area around your navel may be swollen. You may also feel tired and have less energy than normal. This is common. […] You should feel better after a few days. […] Call your doctor or nurse advice line now or seek immediate medical care if: You have pain that does not get better after you take pain medicine. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if: You do not have a bowel movement within several days after the surgery. […] You do not get better as expected.

• #43

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=bo1696

  After surgery to repair your hernia, you are likely to have pain for a few days. You may also feel tired and have less energy than normal. This is common. […] For several weeks you may feel discomfort or pulling in the hernia repair when you move. You may have some bruising around the area of the repair. This is normal. […] You may notice that your bowel movements are not regular right after your surgery. This is common. Avoid constipation and straining with bowel movements. You may want to take a fibre supplement every day. If you have not had a bowel movement after a couple of days, ask your doctor about taking a mild laxative. […] If you had laparoscopic surgery, you may also have pain in your shoulder. The pain usually lasts about a day or two. […] You have signs of infection, such as: Increased pain, swelling, warmth, or redness. Red streaks leading from the incision. Pus draining from the incision. A fever. […] You have pain that does not get better after you take pain medicine.

• #44 Umbilical Hernia Repair: What to Expect at Home | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.umbilical-hernia-repair-what-to-expect-at-home.acg3996

  After surgery, you are likely to have pain for a few days. The area around your navel may be swollen. You may also feel tired and have less energy than normal. This is common. […] You should feel better after a few days. […] Call your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if: You have pain that does not get better after you take pain medicine. You cannot pass stool or gas. You have loose stitches, or your incision comes open. You are bleeding from the incision. You have signs of infection, such as: Increased pain, swelling, warmth, or redness. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if: You do not have a bowel movement within several days after the surgery. You do not get better as expected.

• #45 Umbilical Hernia Repair – BetterKids

  https://betterkids.com.au/surgeries/umbilical-hernia-repair/

  After the surgery, there will be a waterproof dressing over the incision site in the umbilicus. The area may become a bit swollen or firm, which is a normal part of the healing process as scar tissue forms. The scar will initially appear dark red but will fade over time. […] Some swelling is normal after surgery, but if your child experiences increasing pain, tenderness, or vomiting, this could be a sign of recurrence. If the symptoms resemble those from before the operation, call your surgeon or visit your GP to have your child assessed. If your child is unwell, seek emergency care. […] You know your child best, and if something doesn’t seem right, it’s always best to seek advice. Here are some key symptoms that require medical attention: Increasing pain or pain that doesn’t improve with pain relief. A new or increasing bulge in the groin area. Fever over 38.2°C. Vomiting or trouble feeding. No bowel movements after three days. Any discharge or bleeding from the wound.

• #46 Possible Long-Term Effects of Hernia Surgery

  https://health.clevelandclinic.org/long-term-side-effects-of-hernia-surgery

  Depending on the type of hernia, complications like pain and infection may arise in the months and years following treatment. […] But if your hernia causes a significant amount of pain, changes color and causes symptoms like fever, nausea or vomiting, surgery may be the only solution. […] For inguinal hernia repairs, about 10% to 15% of people are still going to experience some minor pain or discomfort one year after having a hernia repair, explains Dr. Krpata. And about 1% to 3% of those are seeking management for their pain one year after surgery. […] Most people feel completely better a few weeks after surgery, but some might experience chronic pain that can last for several months. […] For inguinal hernia recurrence, theres about 3% to 5% risk of a hernia recurring. That number is higher in ventral hernias, but its dependent on the characteristics of the hernia, explains Dr. Krpata. For inguinal hernias, chronic pain is the most common long-term complication. […] If you experience pain that lingers longer than a few weeks, it may be worth scheduling a follow-up visit with your surgeon or other healthcare provider.

• #47 Possible Long-Term Effects of Hernia Surgery

  https://health.clevelandclinic.org/long-term-side-effects-of-hernia-surgery

  Depending on the type of hernia, complications like pain and infection may arise in the months and years following treatment. […] But if your hernia causes a significant amount of pain, changes color and causes symptoms like fever, nausea or vomiting, surgery may be the only solution. […] For inguinal hernia repairs, about 10% to 15% of people are still going to experience some minor pain or discomfort one year after having a hernia repair, explains Dr. Krpata. And about 1% to 3% of those are seeking management for their pain one year after surgery. […] Most people feel completely better a few weeks after surgery, but some might experience chronic pain that can last for several months. […] For inguinal hernia recurrence, theres about 3% to 5% risk of a hernia recurring. That number is higher in ventral hernias, but its dependent on the characteristics of the hernia, explains Dr. Krpata. For inguinal hernias, chronic pain is the most common long-term complication. […] If you experience pain that lingers longer than a few weeks, it may be worth scheduling a follow-up visit with your surgeon or other healthcare provider.

• #48 Hernia – Symptoms & Types of Hernia Surgery | Made for This Moment

  https://madeforthismoment.asahq.org/preparing-for-surgery/procedures/hernia-surgery/

  A common symptom of most hernias is a noticeable lump or bulge, and potentially some discomfort or pain. The lump or bulge may not always be present; for example, it might go away when you lie down. Symptoms may worsen when you are standing, straining, or lifting heavy objects. Most hernias can be confirmed by a doctor during a physical exam, but sometimes imaging is necessary. […] Chronic pain affects about 10% of inguinal hernia patients after surgery, according to the International Guidelines for Groin Hernia Management. The guidelines define chronic pain as bothersome moderate pain impacting daily activities for at least three months. […] The guidelines also indicate that chronic pain is a higher risk for patients who are young or female, experience high preoperative or high early postoperative pain, have a recurrent hernia, or undergo open repair. Mesh can also cause or contribute to chronic pain. Studies indicate that the risk of chronic pain is less with laparoscopic repair than with open repair, but the type and size of the hernia sometimes preclude the laparoscopic option.

• #49 Hernia – Symptoms & Types of Hernia Surgery | Made for This Moment

  https://madeforthismoment.asahq.org/preparing-for-surgery/procedures/hernia-surgery/

  A common symptom of most hernias is a noticeable lump or bulge, and potentially some discomfort or pain. The lump or bulge may not always be present; for example, it might go away when you lie down. Symptoms may worsen when you are standing, straining, or lifting heavy objects. Most hernias can be confirmed by a doctor during a physical exam, but sometimes imaging is necessary. […] Chronic pain affects about 10% of inguinal hernia patients after surgery, according to the International Guidelines for Groin Hernia Management. The guidelines define chronic pain as bothersome moderate pain impacting daily activities for at least three months. […] The guidelines also indicate that chronic pain is a higher risk for patients who are young or female, experience high preoperative or high early postoperative pain, have a recurrent hernia, or undergo open repair. Mesh can also cause or contribute to chronic pain. Studies indicate that the risk of chronic pain is less with laparoscopic repair than with open repair, but the type and size of the hernia sometimes preclude the laparoscopic option.

• #50 Chronic Pain After Hernia Surgery | Baltimore Peripheral Nerve Surgeon | Dr. Eric H. Williams

  https://www.baltimoreperipheralnervepain.com/faqs/chronic-pain-after-hernia-surgery.cfm

  Chronic pain after hernia surgery can be felt as a burning or stabbing pain in the groin area and cause complications with sleep. Some other symptoms of chronic pain after hernia surgery are: […] Pain when walking […] Pain when sitting […] Pain in the groin area or testicles […] Pain that radiates […] Feeling that something foreign is in the body […] Pain with physical intimacy […] Pain with wearing clothing such as underwear or a belt […] Psychological distress.

• #51 5 Signs You Have Hernia Mesh Complications | MedTruth – Prescription Drug & Medical Device Safety | Informed Advocacy

  https://medtruth.com/articles/health-features/hernia-mesh-complications/

  Chronic infections are a clearly identifiable complication of hernia mesh. Some infections may be severe, causing patients to see redness and feel heat coming from the area of repair. […] An inability to use the bathroom, caused an obstruction, could be linked to hernia mesh complications. Bowel obstruction is blockage that develops in the large or small intestine, causing difficulty with urinating or defecating. […] People with hernia mesh complications may experience a change in sexual functions, characterized inability to become physically aroused. More specifically, men with mesh repair for inguinal hernias report erectile dysfunction, loss of sensation and difficulty achieving orgasm. […] Research shows hernia recurrence is less likely when hernias are repaired with mesh, but it is possible for a hernia to return. A variety of hernia mesh complications, such as migration, adhesion, fistula and perforation, may lead to recurrence. […] Hernia mesh complications can be mild, moderate or severe. Regardless of pain levels, hernia mesh removal or revision surgeries may be recommended.

• #52 Recurrent Hernia | Symptoms | MedStar Health

  https://www.medstarhealth.org/services/recurrent-hernia

  A recurrent hernia is recognized as a bulge, sometimes painful, that appears at or near the site of the original hernia. […] If the hernia progresses and the intestines protrude into the hernia, this can cause severe health complications, such as: […] Infection […] Constipation […] Nausea/vomiting […] Loss of blood supply to the intestines. […] Recurrent hernias can be the most challenging type of hernia to repair.

• #53 Recurrent Hernia Risks and Treatment – Brigham and Women’s Hospital

  https://www.brighamandwomens.org/surgery/general-and-gastrointestinal-surgery/hernia/recurrent-hernia

  Signs and symptoms include: […] A bulge at or near the site of the original hernia […] Pain which can range from a dull ache to severe pain especially when coughing, sneezing or lifting heavy objects […] Bloating or constipation.

• #54 Symptoms of Failed Hernia – Dr Parthasarathy

  https://www.gastrosurgeonindia.com/blog/failed-hernia-surgery-symptoms-signs-that-your-hernia-repair-failed/

  Unexplained Pain in Abdomen: The number one symptom is any unexplained pain in the abdomen following a hernia operation can be a sign of a failed repair, meaning the patient can have a scar from the previous operation and he can experience pain on the scar. Rarely, the pain can also happen somewhere away from the original scar. […] So any pain anywhere on the abdomen wall following the hernia operation can happen one year, two years, or even five years after the original operation. Any pain in the abdomen following a hernia surgery can be a sign that the hernias come back. […] Swelling of Abdomen: Number two, any swelling on the abdomen, which can happen following a hernia operation, can be a sign that the interstates have again come out of the abdomen wall and the hernias recurred. […] So any small bulge on the abdominal wall with pain should raise the possibility of a failed hernia repair.

• #55 Recurrent Hernia | Symptoms | MedStar Health

  https://www.medstarhealth.org/services/recurrent-hernia

  A recurrent hernia is recognized as a bulge, sometimes painful, that appears at or near the site of the original hernia. […] If the hernia progresses and the intestines protrude into the hernia, this can cause severe health complications, such as: […] Infection […] Constipation […] Nausea/vomiting […] Loss of blood supply to the intestines. […] Recurrent hernias can be the most challenging type of hernia to repair.

• #56 Hernia Surgery Benefits, Risks, and What to Expect | UPMC

  https://www.upmc.com/services/general-surgery-trauma/services/hernia-surgery

  Over time, hernias can grow and become painful. You may feel discomfort or more pain with physical activity, or when you cough, sneeze, or stand up. […] Sudden and severe hernia pain or tenderness can be a warning sign of a hernia sac that’s stuck or strangulated. This is life-threatening, and you’ll need emergency hernia surgery. […] Other signs that you need emergency hernia surgery include: A bulge that doesn’t go back inside the abdomen as it once did. A bulge that’s suddenly larger. Bloating. Fever. Nausea or vomiting. Redness where the hernia is.

• #57 5 Signs You Have Hernia Mesh Complications | MedTruth – Prescription Drug & Medical Device Safety | Informed Advocacy

  https://medtruth.com/articles/health-features/hernia-mesh-complications/

  Umbilical hernias develop during the postpartum period, or after a woman has had many children. An umbilical hernia occurs at the belly button or naval when part of the small intestine passes through a weak spot. […] Severe pain and continuing infections are two side effects commonly associated with hernia mesh complications. In some cases, people may experience more than one symptom of hernia mesh complications. […] The most common sign of hernia mesh complications is pain and discomfort, which may be accompanied by bruising or swelling. These symptoms may linked to a skin rash, usually occurring near the bulge or incision. […] Depending on the type of hernia, pain may occur near the stomach, abdomen, groin, leg, or testicle. In some cases, tenderness and pain may be the only indicator of hernia mesh complications.

• #58 5 Signs You Have Hernia Mesh Complications | MedTruth – Prescription Drug & Medical Device Safety | Informed Advocacy

  https://medtruth.com/articles/health-features/hernia-mesh-complications/

  Umbilical hernias develop during the postpartum period, or after a woman has had many children. An umbilical hernia occurs at the belly button or naval when part of the small intestine passes through a weak spot. […] Severe pain and continuing infections are two side effects commonly associated with hernia mesh complications. In some cases, people may experience more than one symptom of hernia mesh complications. […] The most common sign of hernia mesh complications is pain and discomfort, which may be accompanied by bruising or swelling. These symptoms may linked to a skin rash, usually occurring near the bulge or incision. […] Depending on the type of hernia, pain may occur near the stomach, abdomen, groin, leg, or testicle. In some cases, tenderness and pain may be the only indicator of hernia mesh complications.

• #59 5 Signs You Have Hernia Mesh Complications | MedTruth – Prescription Drug & Medical Device Safety | Informed Advocacy

  https://medtruth.com/articles/health-features/hernia-mesh-complications/

  Chronic infections are a clearly identifiable complication of hernia mesh. Some infections may be severe, causing patients to see redness and feel heat coming from the area of repair. […] An inability to use the bathroom, caused an obstruction, could be linked to hernia mesh complications. Bowel obstruction is blockage that develops in the large or small intestine, causing difficulty with urinating or defecating. […] People with hernia mesh complications may experience a change in sexual functions, characterized inability to become physically aroused. More specifically, men with mesh repair for inguinal hernias report erectile dysfunction, loss of sensation and difficulty achieving orgasm. […] Research shows hernia recurrence is less likely when hernias are repaired with mesh, but it is possible for a hernia to return. A variety of hernia mesh complications, such as migration, adhesion, fistula and perforation, may lead to recurrence. […] Hernia mesh complications can be mild, moderate or severe. Regardless of pain levels, hernia mesh removal or revision surgeries may be recommended.

• #60 10 Common Signs and Symptoms of Hernia Mesh Failure/Complication | High Rise Financial

  https://www.highriselegalfunding.com/blog/10-common-signs-and-symptoms-of-hernia-mesh-failure-complication/

  Complications related to hernia mesh are frequently accompanied by pain and discomfort in the testicles, groin, leg, abdominal region, and stomach. The patient may experience a sensation of rigidity or stiffness in the abdominal region. Sometimes, bruising and swelling appear along with these symptoms. In some cases, the patient may also experience chronic pain. […] Nausea is a common complaint that might indicate a variety of health issues. However, if a patient has a hernia mesh, it may indicate more complications. For instance, the mesh could have moved into the intestines and blocked them. It may have triggered an infection in the digestive tract, making food difficult to digest. Prolonged nausea may result in potential health complications such as dehydration and imbalances in electrolyte levels.

• #61 10 Common Signs and Symptoms of Hernia Mesh Failure/Complication | High Rise Financial

  https://www.highriselegalfunding.com/blog/10-common-signs-and-symptoms-of-hernia-mesh-failure-complication/

  A defective hernia mesh implant in the abdominal region may lead to gastrointestinal issues, including but not limited to constipation and inability to expel gas. This condition is frequently related to the compression exerted by the mesh on the colon, small intestinal tract, and stomach. It is a more prevalent occurrence among patients who have developed fibrous or scar tissue due to umbilical hernias. […] In certain instances, malfunctioning hernia mesh implants may result in a bowel obstruction, bowel perforation, or internal organ perforation. This may lead to severe complications like nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, as well as problems peeing or defecating. This disorder may require bowel removal surgery in extreme cases. […] Essentially, using some types of hernia mesh to treat a ventral hernia typically lowers the risk of recurrence. However, mesh problems can sometimes result in the hernia returning. The mesh can become detached from the connective tissue post-surgery and migrate through the belly button or abdominal region. This may result in severe problems such as fistulas, adhesions, abscesses, intestinal obstructions, perforations, and/or hernia recurrence.

• #62 7 Common Signs and Symptoms of Hernia Mesh Failure

  https://www.shouselaw.com/herniamesh/injuries/mesh-failure/

  Mesh used for hernia repair surgery has a high failure rate that can cause serious complications for patients, even years after the implant. Seven common signs and symptoms of hernia mesh failure include bulging, burning, constipation, impotent and sexual dysfunction, nausea, lethargy, and pain. […] Hernia mesh failure symptoms can arise within two weeks of surgery to several years after hernia mesh surgery. Complications can impact your quality of life and even be life-threatening if untreated. […] Constipation itself can lead to other painful or dangerous conditions, such as bloating, hemorrhoids, or fissures. […] Nausea may be a sign that a hernia mesh is failing. […] It is not normal for patients to feel fatigued once they have recovered from the implantation surgery. Lack of energy can be a sign that the body is not responding well to the device, especially if the patient has a fever and chills as well.

• #63 7 Common Signs and Symptoms of Hernia Mesh Failure

  https://www.shouselaw.com/herniamesh/injuries/mesh-failure/

  Perhaps the most common sign of mesh failure is pain (often abdominal pain). Pain may be at the site of the implant and/or from other complications the mesh is causing. Pain may be mild or severe, acute or chronic. […] Note that pain from a failed hernia mesh can set in months or years after the surgery. Perhaps the device worked for a while but then began to malfunction much later.

• #64 Reddit – The heart of the internet

  https://www.reddit.com/r/Hernia/comments/y4gc3z/my_first_hernia_mesh_failed_what_were_your/

  Right after the surgery I felt amazing. No pain, nothing, it felt like I was good and happy and no problems would happen in the future. […] My feeling was short lived once the surgical inflammation died down, and then I started getting pain in the area where my hernia was, and trying to have sex resulted in the same feeling as before. The pain was like a pulling sensation, and a burning sensation in a way that wasn’t like my hernia. […] I do get random weird pains up in the middle of my abdomen and I’m worried that it migrated, but… MRI says it didn’t and there’s no complications, so I have absolutely no idea what’s going on with it. […] Somewhere in April – Mesh failure on right side. Weird pains in my right side abdomen and felt like hernia was just back in general, so I got a bunch of scans. It failed because my hernia came back.

• #65 Possible Long-Term Effects of Hernia Surgery

  https://health.clevelandclinic.org/long-term-side-effects-of-hernia-surgery

  Depending on the type of hernia, complications like pain and infection may arise in the months and years following treatment. […] But if your hernia causes a significant amount of pain, changes color and causes symptoms like fever, nausea or vomiting, surgery may be the only solution. […] For inguinal hernia repairs, about 10% to 15% of people are still going to experience some minor pain or discomfort one year after having a hernia repair, explains Dr. Krpata. And about 1% to 3% of those are seeking management for their pain one year after surgery. […] Most people feel completely better a few weeks after surgery, but some might experience chronic pain that can last for several months. […] For inguinal hernia recurrence, theres about 3% to 5% risk of a hernia recurring. That number is higher in ventral hernias, but its dependent on the characteristics of the hernia, explains Dr. Krpata. For inguinal hernias, chronic pain is the most common long-term complication. […] If you experience pain that lingers longer than a few weeks, it may be worth scheduling a follow-up visit with your surgeon or other healthcare provider.

• #66 Symptoms of Failed Hernia – Dr Parthasarathy

  https://www.gastrosurgeonindia.com/blog/failed-hernia-surgery-symptoms-signs-that-your-hernia-repair-failed/

  Intestinal Obstruction: Third, many times, patients whose hernia repair has failed may not have a bulge, may not have pain, and they may directly present with something called an intestinal obstruction, where the hernia has already come out and has got stuck and twisted and the patient presents with severe vomiting, inability to pass motions and abdominal distension and this can be the first and the only sign of a failed hernia repair. […] Pus Discharge from Scar: Much rare, five years or ten years following a hernia operation, a patient can come with a small pus discharge or fluid discharge through the scar of the previous surgery and that may be because the hernia might have recurred and it might have eroded into the mesh and the Intestines might have given way, giving rise to pus discharge or fluid discharge through the previous car. […] So if any of these symptoms happen following a hernia repair over a certain period, one has to suspect a possibility of a failed hernia repair or recurrent hernia repair.

• #67 What to Expect After Hernia Surgery | The Surgery Group

  https://thesurgerygroup.com/what-to-expect-after-hernia-surgery/

  Most patients experience a certain amount of pain after a hernia operation. This is usually accompanied by bruising and swelling around the incision. Some other manifestations that may be felt up to a year after the operation include pulling, burning, and tugging sensations in the groin area. […] You may still experience pain requiring OTC painkillers (Ibuprofen, Acetaminophen, etc.). […] Even this far into the healing process, you may have lingering sensations, including some tugging, pulling, burning, aches, swelling, heaviness, sharp pain now and then, and the occasional discomfortthis is normal for most postoperative hernia patients. You should see a gradual, consistent reduction of these intermittent symptoms as time goes on; if this isnt the case, talk to your doctor. […] Do contact your surgeon/doctor, if any of the following symptoms emerge after an operation: Any kind of bleeding, A fever that persists, Increasing pain or swelling near the incision site, Any pain you cant control with OTC painkillers.

• #68 Umbilical Hernia Repair – BetterKids

  https://betterkids.com.au/surgeries/umbilical-hernia-repair/

  After the surgery, there will be a waterproof dressing over the incision site in the umbilicus. The area may become a bit swollen or firm, which is a normal part of the healing process as scar tissue forms. The scar will initially appear dark red but will fade over time. […] Some swelling is normal after surgery, but if your child experiences increasing pain, tenderness, or vomiting, this could be a sign of recurrence. If the symptoms resemble those from before the operation, call your surgeon or visit your GP to have your child assessed. If your child is unwell, seek emergency care. […] You know your child best, and if something doesn’t seem right, it’s always best to seek advice. Here are some key symptoms that require medical attention: Increasing pain or pain that doesn’t improve with pain relief. A new or increasing bulge in the groin area. Fever over 38.2°C. Vomiting or trouble feeding. No bowel movements after three days. Any discharge or bleeding from the wound.

• #69 Umbilical Hernia: Should I Have Surgery? – Women’s Health – Associates for Women’s Medicine – Syracuse NY Gynecologist, Gynecology, Obstetrics, OBGYN, OB Physicians, Syracuse New York, Fayetteville, North Syracuse, LiverpoolUmbilical Hernia: Should I Have

  https://www.afwomensmed.com/health-library/hw-view.php?DOCHWID=abo5738

  You may want to have a say in this decision, or you may simply want to follow your doctor’s recommendation. Either way, this information will help you understand what your choices are so that you can talk to your doctor about them. […] Hernias don’t go away on their own. Only surgery can repair a hernia. […] Many people are able to delay surgery for months or even years. And some people may never need surgery for a small hernia. If the hernia is small and you don’t have any symptoms, or if the symptoms don’t bother you much, you and your doctor may simply continue to watch for symptoms to occur. […] Over time, hernias tend to get bigger as the muscle wall of the belly gets weaker and more tissue bulges through. […] Repairing the hernia can relieve pain and discomfort and make the bulge go away. The hernia won’t heal on its own.

• #70 Umbilical Hernia: Should I Have Surgery? | Cigna

  https://www.cigna.com/knowledge-center/hw/medical-topics/umbilical-hernia-abo5738

  Have surgery now to repair your umbilical hernia, even if you don’t have symptoms. […] Many people are able to delay surgery for months or even years. And some people may never need surgery for a small hernia. If the hernia is small and you don’t have any symptoms, or if the symptoms don’t bother you much, you and your doctor may simply continue to watch for symptoms to occur. […] Over time, hernias tend to get bigger as the muscle wall of the belly gets weaker and more tissue bulges through. […] Repairing the hernia can relieve pain and discomfort and make the bulge go away. The hernia won’t heal on its own. […] Your doctor will recommend surgery right away if: You have pain, a swollen belly, or other signs of a rare but major problem called strangulation or incarcerated hernia. This can occur when the intestine gets trapped in the hernia sac and loses its blood supply. […] Your hernia may get worse, but it may not. Over time, hernias tend to get bigger as the muscle wall of the belly gets weaker and more tissue bulges through. But some small, painless hernias never need repair.

• #71 Umbilical Hernia Repair – BetterKids

  https://betterkids.com.au/surgeries/umbilical-hernia-repair/

  Umbilical hernia surgery is a routine procedure used to repair a hernia that occurs in the umbilicus (belly button) when abdominal tissue, such as part of the intestine, pushes through an opening between the muscles. It is rare for the contents to get stuck, although it often results in a bulge at the umbilicus, like the picture. In children, the surgery is generally quick and highly effective, with a smooth recovery process for most patients. […] In most cases, umbilical hernias do not require surgery. Over 90% of umbilical hernias close on their own within the first 5 years of life. Even in older children, the defect in the abdominal muscles often continues to close with age. […] If the hernia persists beyond the age of 3-5 years, or if it causes pain or irritation, surgery may be considered to repair the opening. Repair is often considered around school age, as some children get teased at school because of the bulge.

• #72 Umbilical Hernia | Cause, Symptoms, Treatment | MedStar Health

  https://www.medstarhealth.org/services/umbilical-hernia

  When a weakness in the abdominal muscles in the area of the belly button (umbilicus) allow abdominal tissues and/or organs to protrude, this is referred to as an umbilical hernia. […] In newborns, an umbilical hernia may become noticeable when the baby: […] Adults may experience more severe symptoms, such as: […] Contact a doctor if the bulge is red, hardened, swollen, and/or extremely painful. Vomiting and/or constipation may be signs of a more serious condition called a strangulated umbilical hernia. This occurs when the intestine has significantly protruded into the bulge and blood circulation is restricted. Strangulated umbilical hernias may need immediate medical attention. […] Roughly 90 percent of cases of newborn umbilical hernias will heal on their own, before the age of five. If the hernia does not heal by the age of four, it is important to schedule an evaluation. This may indicate the need for surgical intervention. In adult cases of umbilical hernia, surgical intervention is required to repair the hernia.

• #73 Umbilical Hernias (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/umbilical-hernias.html

  An umbilical hernia happens when part of a child’s intestines bulges through the abdominal wall inside the belly button. It shows up as a bump under the belly button. The hernia isn’t painful and most don’t cause any problems. […] Most umbilical (um-BILL-ih-kul) hernias close on their own by the time the child turns 4 or 5. If a hernia doesn’t go away by then or causes problems, doctors may recommend surgery. […] The main sign of an umbilical hernia is a visible bump under the skin by the belly button. […] The hernia can look bigger and smaller: It can look bigger when a child does something that creates pressure in the belly, like standing up, crying, coughing, or straining to poop. It can look smaller again when the child lies down and is calm. […] Umbilical hernias usually close on their own without surgery. Keep an eye on the hernia to see if it changes. Call the doctor if your child still has the hernia after turning 5 years old.

• #74

  https://www.beaumont.org/conditions/umbilical-hernia

  An umbilical hernia is most common in premature infants and children between the ages of 2 and 4. […] If left untreated, an umbilical hernia can become strangulated, meaning the blood supply to the tissue is cut off. […] The most common symptom of an umbilical hernia is a bulge or lump near your baby’s belly button. The bulge may become larger when your baby coughs, cries, or strains during a bowel movement. […] Symptoms include pain in the stomach or groin, visible swelling around the belly button, and abnormal bulges in the abdomen. […] Symptoms of a strangulated umbilical hernia include: The hernia becomes red, swollen, and warm; It is painful to the touch; Your baby has trouble breathing; Your baby cries when moving; Crying. […] If your baby has a hernia that does not close on its own by age 5, surgery will be necessary to remove the blockage and repair the hernia. […] The factors that are considered when deciding if a baby needs surgery for an umbilical hernia include: The size of the hernia; The age of the baby; Whether or not the hernia is strangulated.

• #75 Umbilical Hernia | Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/health/u/umbilical-hernia

  Umbilical hernias appear as a bulge or swelling in the belly button area. The swelling may become more noticeable when the baby cries and may become smaller or disappear when the baby is quiet. If a doctor gently pushes on the bulge when a child is lying down and calm, it will usually get smaller or go back into the abdomen. […] Sometimes the intestines get trapped within the umbilical hernia. This is referred to as an incarcerated hernia. When this occurs, the child usually has severe pain and the bulge may be firm and red. Urgent medical evaluation to exclude an incarcerated hernia is required in order to prevent possible damage to the intestines. It is uncommon for this to occur.

• #76

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/umbilical-hernia-repair/

  Umbilical hernias are very common in infants and young children, particularly in babies born prematurely. […] An umbilical hernia appears as a painless lump in or near the belly button (navel). […] It may get bigger when laughing, coughing, crying or going to the toilet and may shrink when relaxing or lying down. […] In many cases, the umbilical hernia goes back in and the muscles reseal by the time a child is 4 or 5 years old. […] Umbilical hernias can also develop in adults. Without treatment, the hernia will probably get worse over time. […] Surgery is recommended for most adults with an umbilical hernia because the hernia is unlikely to get better by itself when you’re older and the risk of complications is higher. […] Complications that can develop as a result of an umbilical hernia include: obstruction where a section of the bowel becomes stuck outside the abdomen, causing nausea, vomiting and pain; strangulation where a section of bowel becomes trapped and its blood supply is cut off; this requires emergency surgery within hours to release the trapped tissue and restore its blood supply so it doesn’t die.

• #77 Umbilical Hernias: Guide to Symptoms & Treatment | Columbia Surgery

  https://columbiasurgery.org/conditions-and-treatments/umbilical-hernias-guide-symptoms-treatment

  You may notice a bulge in your belly button that is soft and may be reducible. You may also have associated symptoms such as: […] If you are having severe pain in your belly button, redness, or signs of a bowel obstruction such as inability to have a bowel movement associated with nausea or vomiting, you may need surgical evaluation immediately, as the contents of the hernia may be stuck. […] Even though some smaller hernias without symptoms can be watched over time, most research shows that even small hernias progress over time, therefore repairing them early may be beneficial. […] The typical experience is that you will have pain for about 1-2 days (it may feel like you did 500 crunches), soreness for 1 week, and little twinges of pain for about a month or nothing at all. […] If you overdo it with physical activity and get a recurrence of some mild pain, reduce the inflammation with ice, Ibuprofen (if possible) and rest. If pain persists, please contact your doctor.

• #78 Umbilical Hernia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459312/

  An umbilical hernia is a defect in the ventral abdominal fascia at or near the umbilicus. The umbilicus is a frequent site of hernia, and umbilical hernias are often diagnosed during routine physical examinations. Not all umbilical hernias require surgical intervention, but approximately 65% of adults with an umbilical hernia will eventually require surgical intervention. […] Many people are diagnosed with an umbilical hernia during a routine physical examination. If the hernia is asymptomatic, affected individuals often choose expectant management over surgical repair. However, 65% of adult patients with an umbilical hernia will eventually require surgical repair; 3% to 5% of these repairs will be emergent. […] Surgical repair of an umbilical hernia is indicated if there is pain, dysfunction, or enlargement. The surgical approach to umbilical hernia repair is determined by the size of the hernia and other patient-specific factors such as comorbidities, body mass index, and the presence of other abdominal wall hernias.

• #79

  https://www.hcavirginia.com/healthy-living/blog/umbilical-hernia-what-to-expect-following-diagnosis

  An umbilical hernia occurs when fat or a small part of the intestine protrudes through a weakness in the abdominal wall, creating an obvious bulge or swelling near the belly button. […] In babies and young children, umbilical hernias are most evident when they are crying or coughing. Most umbilical hernias are painless, and the majority close completely by the age of five, without the need for surgical intervention. […] Over time, an umbilical hernia may grow in size as abdominal pressure increases. […] If an umbilical hernia does not resolve in early childhood, it typically requires surgery. Delaying treatment may result in blood supply to the protruding intestine being cut off, a phenomenon known as strangulation. When strangulation occurs, emergency surgery is necessary. […] Dr. Vijayanagar encourages parents to seek immediate care if their baby or young child experiences: Vomiting, Pain, Discoloration or swelling near the hernia site. […] Likewise, signs that an older adolescent or adult should seek prompt emergency care for their umbilical hernia include: Increasing tenderness or pain near the hernia, Bruising, Nausea or vomiting, Inability to pass gas.

• #80 Umbilical hernia repair: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002935.htm

  Umbilical hernias also occur in adults. They are seen more in overweight people and in women, especially after pregnancy. They tend to get bigger over time. […] Without surgery, there is a risk that some fat or part of the intestine will get stuck (incarcerated) in the hernia and become impossible to push back in. This is usually painful. If the blood supply to this area is cut off (strangulation), urgent surgery is needed. You may experience nausea or vomiting, and the bulging area may turn blue or a darker color. […] Get medical care right away if you have a painful hernia or a hernia that does not get smaller when you are lying down or that you cannot push back in.

• #81 Umbilical Hernia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459312/

  An umbilical hernia is a defect in the ventral abdominal fascia at or near the umbilicus. The umbilicus is a frequent site of hernia, and umbilical hernias are often diagnosed during routine physical examinations. Not all umbilical hernias require surgical intervention, but approximately 65% of adults with an umbilical hernia will eventually require surgical intervention. […] Many people are diagnosed with an umbilical hernia during a routine physical examination. If the hernia is asymptomatic, affected individuals often choose expectant management over surgical repair. However, 65% of adult patients with an umbilical hernia will eventually require surgical repair; 3% to 5% of these repairs will be emergent. […] Surgical repair of an umbilical hernia is indicated if there is pain, dysfunction, or enlargement. The surgical approach to umbilical hernia repair is determined by the size of the hernia and other patient-specific factors such as comorbidities, body mass index, and the presence of other abdominal wall hernias.

• #82 Adult Umbilical Hernia | ACS

  https://www.facs.org/for-patients/the-day-of-your-surgery/adult-umbilical-hernia/

  Visible bulge on the abdomen, especially when coughing or straining […] Pain or pressure at the hernia site […] Increasing sharp abdominal pain and vomiting can mean that the hernia is strangulated. This is a surgical emergency and immediate treatment is needed. […] Your hernia may cause pain and increase in size. If your intestine becomes squeezed in the hernia pouch, you will have sudden pain, vomiting, and require an immediate operation. […] A hernia is strangulated if the intestine is trapped in the hernia pouch and the blood supply to the intestine is cut off. This is a surgical emergency and a bowel resection may also be needed. […] If your hernia is not surgically repaired, there is a 4% risk that it can strangulate within the next five years.

• #83 Umbilical Hernia – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459312/

  Patients with symptomatic hernias frequently present with an apparent protrusion from the umbilicus. If the hernia is incarcerated or strangulated, patients will present with an irreducible and tender, often discolored, umbilical bulge. […] The diameter of the neck of the hernia defect can be narrow compared to the size of the hernia sac; the lifetime risk of incarceration and strangulation is between 1% and 3%. […] Factors influencing the outcome of an umbilical hernia repair include the defect size, current tobacco use, and comorbidities. An American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score 3, failure to use mesh for hernias measuring 2 cm, tobacco use history, liver failure, and diabetes impact the success of the repair. […] Complications are more prevalent following open repairs without mesh placement and include surgical site infections, hematomas, and early recurrence.

• #84 Umbilical hernia – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/umbilical-hernia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20378689

  An umbilical hernia is diagnosed during a physical exam. Sometimes imaging studies such as an abdominal ultrasound or a CT scan are used to screen for complications. […] Most umbilical hernias in babies close on their own by age 1 or 2. Your doctor may even be able to push the bulge back into the abdomen during a physical exam. Don’t try this on your own, however. […] For adults, surgery is typically recommended to avoid possible complications, especially if the umbilical hernia gets bigger or becomes painful. […] If you or your child has signs or symptoms common to an umbilical hernia, make an appointment with your family doctor or your child’s pediatrician. […] Your doctor is likely to ask you a number of questions, such as: When did you first notice the problem? Has it gotten worse over time? Are you or your child in pain?

• #85 Umbilical Hernia Repair: Expert Guide – Southlake General Surgery

  https://www.southlakegeneralsurgery.com/umbilical-hernia-repair-expert-guide/

  Umbilical hernias occur when tissues protrude through the abdominal wall in the area surrounding the belly button. […] People with umbilical hernias may notice a visible bump and feel discomfort or pain, especially when they exert themselves. […] The main sign is a noticeable bump near the belly button. This bump may appear when you laugh, cough, or lift something heavy. […] Some hernias do not have any signs. Others can cause discomfort, pain, or a feeling of fullness in your stomach. In serious cases, like an incarcerated or strangulated hernia, you may feel sharp pain. […] An umbilical hernia looks like a noticeable bump or swelling around the belly button. You may see this bump get bigger when you cough, laugh, or work hard. It can become smaller or go away when you lie down or relax.

• #86 Umbilical hernia – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/umbilical-hernia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20378689

  An umbilical hernia is diagnosed during a physical exam. Sometimes imaging studies such as an abdominal ultrasound or a CT scan are used to screen for complications. […] Most umbilical hernias in babies close on their own by age 1 or 2. Your doctor may even be able to push the bulge back into the abdomen during a physical exam. Don’t try this on your own, however. […] For adults, surgery is typically recommended to avoid possible complications, especially if the umbilical hernia gets bigger or becomes painful. […] If you or your child has signs or symptoms common to an umbilical hernia, make an appointment with your family doctor or your child’s pediatrician. […] Your doctor is likely to ask you a number of questions, such as: When did you first notice the problem? Has it gotten worse over time? Are you or your child in pain?

• #87 Quality of Life After Umbilical Hernia Repair

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8611248/

  Umbilical hernia is defined as a midline abdominal wall defect extending from 3 cm above to 3 cm below the umbilicus, and it is a common adult diagnosis, with a global prevalence of 2%. Hernia symptoms include a periumbilical bulge and abdominal pain and discomfort, particularly when coughing, lifting, or bending over. Some people may not be aware of the condition until they have a medical checkup. […] Patients should seek medical attention if there is a painful or noticeable bulge on the abdomen. The patient can feel the bulge by touching the affected area or notice it when standing upright. […] The most common symptom was the feeling of a mass (55.6%). […] After one month of the operation, two patients (6.9%) complained of pain after one month of surgery, two patients (6.9%) complained of pain associated with discomfort, and one patient (3.4%) complained of pain associated with mass. […] Most cases (82.8%) did not have symptoms one month after the operation.

• #88 Umbilical hernia – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/umbilical-hernia/symptoms-causes/syc-20378685

  An umbilical hernia creates a soft swelling or bulge near the navel. In babies who have an umbilical hernia, the bulge may be visible only when they cry, cough or strain. […] Umbilical hernias in children are usually painless. Umbilical hernias that appear during adulthood may cause abdominal discomfort. […] If the bulge becomes painful or tender, seek emergency care. Prompt diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications.

• #89 Umbilical Hernia Repair: Expert Guide – Southlake General Surgery

  https://www.southlakegeneralsurgery.com/umbilical-hernia-repair-expert-guide/

  If you see a strange bump or feel pain near your belly button, you should visit a doctor. […] A more serious problem is strangulated hernia. This happens when the blood supply to a trapped part of the tissue is blocked. It is an emergency that needs surgery right away. […] Quick action is needed to fix the blood flow and avoid tissue damage or death. […] If you or your child notices a bump near the belly button that doesn’t disappear, you should consult a doctor. […] If the lump hurts, feels tender, or changes color, go see a doctor right away. […] If you feel other symptoms like nausea, vomiting, constipation, or fever, visit a healthcare provider quickly.

• #90 Hernia: Symptoms and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/understanding-hernia-symptoms

  The most common sign of a hernia is a bulge that you can see or feel under your skin. Where that bulge shows up depends on what type of hernia you have. You may have other symptoms, too. […] Symptoms: A bulge near the bellybutton that might be visible only when you cough or strain, Pain and discomfort. […] Call your doctor right away if you have any of the symptoms of a strangulated hernia, such as: Nausea, Vomiting, Fever, Belly pain, Bloating, Not being able to poop or pass gas, Hernia site becomes darker, red, or purple.

• #91 Umbilical hernia – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/umbilical-hernia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20378689

  An umbilical hernia is diagnosed during a physical exam. Sometimes imaging studies such as an abdominal ultrasound or a CT scan are used to screen for complications. […] Most umbilical hernias in babies close on their own by age 1 or 2. Your doctor may even be able to push the bulge back into the abdomen during a physical exam. Don’t try this on your own, however. […] For adults, surgery is typically recommended to avoid possible complications, especially if the umbilical hernia gets bigger or becomes painful. […] If you or your child has signs or symptoms common to an umbilical hernia, make an appointment with your family doctor or your child’s pediatrician. […] Your doctor is likely to ask you a number of questions, such as: When did you first notice the problem? Has it gotten worse over time? Are you or your child in pain?

• #92 Umbilical hernia – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/umbilical-hernia/symptoms-causes/syc-20378685

  An umbilical hernia creates a soft swelling or bulge near the navel. In babies who have an umbilical hernia, the bulge may be visible only when they cry, cough or strain. […] Umbilical hernias in children are usually painless. Umbilical hernias that appear during adulthood may cause abdominal discomfort. […] If the bulge becomes painful or tender, seek emergency care. Prompt diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications.

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