Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Prevention of sexually transmitted infections – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/prevention-of-sexually-transmitted-infections/print

  Prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are common and preventable causes of morbidity and serious complications. […] Thus, primary prevention of STIs needs to be given high priority. […] The comprehensive approach to STI prevention is based on six major strategies: Accurate sexual health assessment (including sexual orientation and gender identification), with education and counseling on ways to avoid STIs; Pre-exposure vaccination for vaccine-preventable STIs; Identification of both asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals with STIs.

• #2

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/clinical-primary.htm

  Pre-exposure vaccination is one of the most effective methods for preventing transmission of HPV, HAV, and HBV, all of which can be sexually transmitted. […] Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all unvaccinated, uninfected persons who are sexually active with more than one partner or are being evaluated or treated for an STI. […] When used consistently and correctly, external latex condoms, also known as male condoms, are effective in preventing the sexual transmission of HIV infection. […] Moreover, studies demonstrate that consistent condom use reduces the risk for other STIs, including chlamydia, gonorrhea, hepatitis B, and trichomoniasis. […] Diaphragms should not be relied on as the sole source of protection against HIV and other STIs. […] Methods that combine STI and HIV prevention with pregnancy prevention are known as multipurpose prevention technologies (MPTs).

• #3

  https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/stis/prevention

  Global Sexually Transmitted Infections Programme The Department of Global HIV, Hepatitis and Sexually Transmitted Infections Programmes leads the development and implementation of the global health sector strategy on the elimination of sexually transmitted infections as a public health threats. […] Prevention […] When used correctly and consistently, condoms offer one of the most effective methods of protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV. […] Counselling and behavioural interventions offer primary prevention against STIs (including HIV), as well as unintended pregnancies. […] Safe and highly effective vaccines are available for 2 STIs: hepatitis B virus and HPV. […] Other biomedical interventions to prevent some STIs include voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) and microbicides. […] Testing and treating STIs also helps to prevent transmission.

• #4 Sexually Transmitted Infections | STIs | Venereal Disease | MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/sexuallytransmittedinfections.html

  Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), or sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), are infections that are passed from one person to another through sexual contact. They are usually spread during vaginal, oral, or anal sex. But sometimes they can spread through other sexual contact involving the penis, vagina, mouth, or anus. This is because some STIs, like herpes and HPV, are spread by skin-to-skin contact. […] The surest way to protect yourself against STIs is to not have sex. […] If you do decide to have sex, you can lower your risk of getting an STI by: Having you and your partner tested for STIs before having sex. Using a condom every time you have sex. Correct usage of latex condoms greatly reduces, but does not completely eliminate, the risk of catching or spreading STIs. If your or your partner is allergic to latex, you can use polyurethane condoms. Reducing your number of sex partners. You might even consider „mutual monogamy” with just one partner. This means that you agree to be sexually active only with them, and they agree to be sexually active only with you. But first you should both get tested to make sure that you don’t already have an STI. Getting vaccinated against HPV and hepatitis B.

• #5 Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs): Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9138-sexually-transmitted-diseases–infections-stds–stis

  Sexually transmitted infections are highly contagious. If you’re sexually active, you can have (and pass on) an STI without even knowing it. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends regular STI screenings or testing if you’re sexually active. […] You can prevent the spread of STIs by getting tested regularly if you’re sexually active, talking to your sexual partners about your diagnosis and using protection during sex. […] The only way to reduce the risk of sexually transmitted infections is to abstain from sex (not have sex). If you’re sexually active, you can: Use a latex condom whenever you have any kind of sex. If you or your partner has a vagina, use a dental dam for oral sex. […] You can take steps to protect yourself and others from sexually transmitted infections: If you have symptoms of an STI, don’t have sex until you see a healthcare provider and receive treatment.

• #6 Prevention and Management of Sexually Transmitted Infections | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/about/policies/all/prevention-sti.html

  The American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) recognizes the need for ongoing public and professional education about the prevention and management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). […] The AAFP recognizes that the promotion of sexual health starts with routinely obtaining a complete sexual history in a nonjudgmental manner and recognizing the wide diversity of human gender identity, relationships, sexual practices and behaviors. […] Effective ways to prevent the transmission of STIs vary by the nature and transmission mechanism of the organism. […] Abstinence and the maintenance of a mutually monogamous relationship with an uninfected partner are two of several strategies that decrease the risk for all STIs. […] Consistent and correct use of barrier methods reduce the risk of transmission of some infections, such as HIV, chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis.

• #7

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/clinical-primary.htm

  Pre-exposure vaccination is one of the most effective methods for preventing transmission of HPV, HAV, and HBV, all of which can be sexually transmitted. […] Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all unvaccinated, uninfected persons who are sexually active with more than one partner or are being evaluated or treated for an STI. […] When used consistently and correctly, external latex condoms, also known as male condoms, are effective in preventing the sexual transmission of HIV infection. […] Moreover, studies demonstrate that consistent condom use reduces the risk for other STIs, including chlamydia, gonorrhea, hepatitis B, and trichomoniasis. […] Diaphragms should not be relied on as the sole source of protection against HIV and other STIs. […] Methods that combine STI and HIV prevention with pregnancy prevention are known as multipurpose prevention technologies (MPTs).

• #8

  https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/stis/prevention

  Global Sexually Transmitted Infections Programme The Department of Global HIV, Hepatitis and Sexually Transmitted Infections Programmes leads the development and implementation of the global health sector strategy on the elimination of sexually transmitted infections as a public health threats. […] Prevention […] When used correctly and consistently, condoms offer one of the most effective methods of protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV. […] Counselling and behavioural interventions offer primary prevention against STIs (including HIV), as well as unintended pregnancies. […] Safe and highly effective vaccines are available for 2 STIs: hepatitis B virus and HPV. […] Other biomedical interventions to prevent some STIs include voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) and microbicides. […] Testing and treating STIs also helps to prevent transmission.

• #9 Be Safe Prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections – National Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

  https://www.prevention.va.gov/Healthy_Living/Be_Safe_Prevent_Sexually_Transmitted_Infections.asp

  The best way to prevent STIs is by using a barrier such as a condom or dental dam. You need to use a new, unused lubricated latex condom every time you have sex for the entire sex act. But not all types of condoms are effective at reducing the spread of STI. For those allergic to latex, polyurethane and polyisoprene condoms offer protection from STIs but may break more easily. Lambskin condoms and birth control pills can help prevent pregnancy, but they will not protect you from STIs. Limiting your number of sex partners can also reduce your risk of getting an STI. […] Vaccines are available through VA that can help prevent you from getting certain STIs. These are: HPV, Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, Mpox. […] Multiple medications are available to protect yourself against HIV infection. HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a medication (oral medication or injection) that is highly effective at preventing HIV infection for people at risk. It can lower your risk of getting HIV from sex by about 99% when taken correctly. HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is medication taken to prevent HIV in emergency situations after a possible exposure. It must be taken within 72 hours of exposure. […] Getting tested and knowing your status is also an important part of reducing the spread of STIs. If you are at risk for one STI, you are at risk for all STIs!

• #10

  https://journals.lww.com/stdjournal/fulltext/2024/12000/use_of_doxycycline_and_other_antibiotics_as.1.aspx

  Recent randomized trials have shown that 200 mg of doxycycline used as postexposure prophylaxis (doxyPEP) within 72 hours of condomless sex reduces the risk of bacterial STIs in people assigned male sex at birth, with some modeling studies projecting that widespread doxyPEP use could substantially reduce STI incidence in this population. […] Understanding interest in STI prophylaxis, who is already using it, and individual decision making around use can help establish levels of use before widespread implementation following final CDC recommendations, and inform scale-up of doxyPEP including guidance for providers and health promotion messaging for populations likely to benefit. […] The most reported reasons for using or being interested in using STI prophylaxis were not wanting to get an STI (86.7%), peace of mind (77.8%), to feel more comfortable during sex (59.8%), to prevent passing on an STI to regular partner(s) (56.7%), and to prevent passing on an STI to casual partner(s) (56.2%). […] Concerns related to using antibiotics as STI prophylaxis are reported in Table 4. Half of respondents (51.1%) indicated concern about antimicrobial resistance, with similar proportions among those who had (48.8%) and had not (51.5%) used STI prophylaxis.

• #11 Sexually transmitted infection – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexually_transmitted_infection

  Sexually transmitted infection Other names Sexually transmitted disease (STD); Venereal disease (VD) […] Prevention Sexual abstinence, vaccinations, condoms […] Safe sex practices such as use of condoms, having smaller number of sexual partners, and being in a relationship in which each person only has sex with the other also decreases STIs risk. […] Strategies for reducing STI risk include: vaccination, mutual monogamy, reducing the number of sexual partners, and abstinence. […] The most effective way to prevent sexual transmission of STIs is to avoid contact of body parts or fluids which can lead to transfer with an infected partner. […] Proper use of condoms reduces contact and risk. […] Both partners can get tested for STIs before initiating sexual contact, or before resuming contact if a partner engaged in contact with someone else.

• #12 Sexually transmitted infection – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexually_transmitted_infection

  Vaccines are available that protect against some viral STIs, such as hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and some types of HPV. […] Condom usage entails: Not putting the condom on too tight at the tip by leaving 1.5 centimetres (0.6 in) room for ejaculation. […] In order to best protect oneself and the partner from STIs, the old condom and its contents are to be treated as infectious and properly disposed of.

• #13 Be Safe Prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections – National Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention

  https://www.prevention.va.gov/Healthy_Living/Be_Safe_Prevent_Sexually_Transmitted_Infections.asp

  The best way to prevent STIs is by using a barrier such as a condom or dental dam. You need to use a new, unused lubricated latex condom every time you have sex for the entire sex act. But not all types of condoms are effective at reducing the spread of STI. For those allergic to latex, polyurethane and polyisoprene condoms offer protection from STIs but may break more easily. Lambskin condoms and birth control pills can help prevent pregnancy, but they will not protect you from STIs. Limiting your number of sex partners can also reduce your risk of getting an STI. […] Vaccines are available through VA that can help prevent you from getting certain STIs. These are: HPV, Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, Mpox. […] Multiple medications are available to protect yourself against HIV infection. HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a medication (oral medication or injection) that is highly effective at preventing HIV infection for people at risk. It can lower your risk of getting HIV from sex by about 99% when taken correctly. HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is medication taken to prevent HIV in emergency situations after a possible exposure. It must be taken within 72 hours of exposure. […] Getting tested and knowing your status is also an important part of reducing the spread of STIs. If you are at risk for one STI, you are at risk for all STIs!

• #14

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/clinical-primary.htm

  Nonspecific topical microbicides are ineffective for preventing HIV infection. […] Contraceptive methods that are not mechanical barriers offer no protection against HIV or other STIs. […] Sexually active women who use contraceptive methods other than condoms should be counseled about STI and HIV infection prevention measures. […] Male circumcision reduces the risk for HIV infection and certain STIs among heterosexual men. […] Daily oral antiretroviral PrEP with a fixed-dose combination of emtricitabine (FTC) and either tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) or tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) have demonstrated safety and a substantial reduction in the rate of HIV acquisition for MSM. […] Providing HSV treatment to persons with HIV and HSV infection has not demonstrated benefit in reducing HIV acquisition among uninfected partners.

• #15

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/clinical-primary.htm

  Pre-exposure vaccination is one of the most effective methods for preventing transmission of HPV, HAV, and HBV, all of which can be sexually transmitted. […] Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all unvaccinated, uninfected persons who are sexually active with more than one partner or are being evaluated or treated for an STI. […] When used consistently and correctly, external latex condoms, also known as male condoms, are effective in preventing the sexual transmission of HIV infection. […] Moreover, studies demonstrate that consistent condom use reduces the risk for other STIs, including chlamydia, gonorrhea, hepatitis B, and trichomoniasis. […] Diaphragms should not be relied on as the sole source of protection against HIV and other STIs. […] Methods that combine STI and HIV prevention with pregnancy prevention are known as multipurpose prevention technologies (MPTs).

• #16

  https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/stis/prevention

  Global Sexually Transmitted Infections Programme The Department of Global HIV, Hepatitis and Sexually Transmitted Infections Programmes leads the development and implementation of the global health sector strategy on the elimination of sexually transmitted infections as a public health threats. […] Prevention […] When used correctly and consistently, condoms offer one of the most effective methods of protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV. […] Counselling and behavioural interventions offer primary prevention against STIs (including HIV), as well as unintended pregnancies. […] Safe and highly effective vaccines are available for 2 STIs: hepatitis B virus and HPV. […] Other biomedical interventions to prevent some STIs include voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) and microbicides. […] Testing and treating STIs also helps to prevent transmission.

• #17 Sexual Assault Infectious Disease Prophylaxis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482239/

  Because compliance with follow-up is low, the CDC recommends antibiotics for chlamydia, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis, as well as emergency contraception, hepatitis B, HPV, and HIV evaluation. […] The CDC recommends serologic testing for hepatitis B in cases where the victim’s vaccination status is uncertain. […] The CDC recommends HPV vaccination for sexual assault survivors, particularly those younger than 26, including females aged 9 to 26 and males aged 9 to 21 who have not received prior vaccination or those who have only received partial immunization. […] The CDC recommends initiating postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) for sexual assault victims within 72 hours of an assault, particularly when there is a significant risk of transmission and the perpetrator is known to be HIV-positive.

• #18 General Sexually Transmitted Infection Prevention Tips

  https://studenthealth.ucsd.edu/resources/health-topics/general-prevention-tips/index.html

  You can lower your risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections (STIs) by following these simple practices: […] If you choose to have sex, use condoms (oral, vaginal, and anal sex) dental dams (oral sex) properly every time you have sex. […] If you or your partner has other sexual partners, or if you have had a new partner since your last check-up, get tested for STIs. […] Get the HPV Vaccine (Gardasil) which protects against four HPV types, which together cause 70% of cervical cancers and five types of viruses that cause 90% of genital warts. […] The vaccine is given through a series of three shots over a six-month period (0, 2 and 6 months).

• #19

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/clinical-primary.htm

  Pre-exposure vaccination is one of the most effective methods for preventing transmission of HPV, HAV, and HBV, all of which can be sexually transmitted. […] Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all unvaccinated, uninfected persons who are sexually active with more than one partner or are being evaluated or treated for an STI. […] When used consistently and correctly, external latex condoms, also known as male condoms, are effective in preventing the sexual transmission of HIV infection. […] Moreover, studies demonstrate that consistent condom use reduces the risk for other STIs, including chlamydia, gonorrhea, hepatitis B, and trichomoniasis. […] Diaphragms should not be relied on as the sole source of protection against HIV and other STIs. […] Methods that combine STI and HIV prevention with pregnancy prevention are known as multipurpose prevention technologies (MPTs).

• #20 Preventative Antibiotics for STIs | Johns Hopkins | Bloomberg School of Public Health

  https://publichealth.jhu.edu/2023/preventative-antibiotics-for-stis

  A well-known antibiotic shows promise for preventing sexually transmitted infections. […] Research suggests a single dose of antibiotic may help turn the tide. […] The idea behind Doxy-PEP is that an individual will take 200 milligrams of doxycycline, ideally within 24 hours but up to 72 hours, after a sexual exposure to prevent them from acquiring a sexually transmitted infection (STI). […] The three bacterial STIs that have been studied in the context of doxycycline are chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis. […] The CDC is currently seeking feedback on a consultation document on doxycycline. There are data from randomized controlled trials, the gold standard scientific test, to demonstrate that Doxy-PEP is effective. It does reduce the risk of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis by 65% to 70%.

• #21 DoxyPEP: Using antibiotics to prevent STIs | aidsmap

  https://www.aidsmap.com/about-hiv/doxypep-using-antibiotics-prevent-stis

  Taking the antibiotic doxycycline after sex works well to prevent syphilis and chlamydia for gay and bisexual men, and trans women. It tends to be less effective at preventing gonorrhoea. […] STI prophylaxis involves taking an antibiotic pill to prevent bacterial STIs, such as syphilis and chlamydia. […] This approach has proven effective for gay and bisexual men and transgender women. […] The evidence shows that doxyPEP is effective against syphilis and chlamydia, but tends to be less effective in preventing gonorrhoea. […] DoxyPEP can be taken regardless of HIV status. […] An accepted public health approach promotes the control of STIs among those at highest risk as a way of reducing STIs in the general population. […] DoxyPEP was found to be highly efficacious after a year of follow-up, reducing the incidence rate or the first documented episode of chlamydia and syphilis by 89% and 79%, respectively.

• #22 Preventative Antibiotics for STIs | Johns Hopkins | Bloomberg School of Public Health

  https://publichealth.jhu.edu/2023/preventative-antibiotics-for-stis

  A well-known antibiotic shows promise for preventing sexually transmitted infections. […] Research suggests a single dose of antibiotic may help turn the tide. […] The idea behind Doxy-PEP is that an individual will take 200 milligrams of doxycycline, ideally within 24 hours but up to 72 hours, after a sexual exposure to prevent them from acquiring a sexually transmitted infection (STI). […] The three bacterial STIs that have been studied in the context of doxycycline are chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis. […] The CDC is currently seeking feedback on a consultation document on doxycycline. There are data from randomized controlled trials, the gold standard scientific test, to demonstrate that Doxy-PEP is effective. It does reduce the risk of chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis by 65% to 70%.

• #23 Doxy PEP for Bacterial STI Prevention | STI | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/sti/hcp/doxy-pep/index.html

  Healthcare providers can use CDC guidelines to prescribe doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (doxy PEP) to prevent bacterial STIs. […] Doxy PEP has proven to reduce the risk of getting some bacterial STIs for gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men and transgender women at increased risk for STIs (specifically, syphilis, chlamydia, and in some studies, gonorrhea). […] Providers should discuss the proven benefits of doxy PEP in reducing STIs, as well as the known and unknown risks of this strategy. […] Write a prescription for self-administration of doxycycline 200 mg (any formulation) as soon as possible, within 72 hours after oral, vaginal, or anal sex. […] CDC recommends the following procedures at the initial and follow-up visits for a comprehensive sexual health approach. […] To help minimize the potential for antimicrobial resistance while maximizing benefits, CDC’s guidelines focus on the specific groups for whom doxy PEP has been proven effective for STI prevention and for whom modeling suggests the impact will be most substantial.

• #24

  https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2023/10/02/2023-21725/guidelines-for-the-use-of-doxycycline-post-exposure-prophylaxis-for-bacterial-sexually-transmitted

  Guidelines for the Use of Doxycycline Post-Exposure Prophylaxis for Bacterial Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Prevention; Request for Comment and Informational Presentation […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announces the opening of a docket to obtain comment on proposed guidelines for the use of doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for prevention of bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STI). The proposed guidelines for bacterial STI prevention include post-exposure prophylaxis with doxycycline (doxycycline PEP) because it has demonstrated benefit in reducing chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis infections and represents a new approach to addressing STI prevention in populations at increased risk for these infections. Doxycycline PEP, when offered, should be implemented in the context of a comprehensive sexual health approach including risk reduction counseling, STI screening and treatment, recommended vaccination, and linkage to HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), HIV care, or other services, as appropriate.

• #25

  https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2023/10/02/2023-21725/guidelines-for-the-use-of-doxycycline-post-exposure-prophylaxis-for-bacterial-sexually-transmitted

  CDC’s proposed guidelines for the use of post-exposure prophylaxis with doxycycline for bacterial STI prevention in the United States is available under the Supporting and Related Materials tab in the docket for this notice, Docket No. CDC-2023-0080, on http://www.regulations.gov. […] The 2021 CDC STI Treatment Guidelines included a systematic review of the available literature on STI PEP and concluded that further studies were necessary to determine whether it would be an effective strategy for bacterial STI prevention. Since that time, promising results from several randomized trials on doxycycline PEP indicated the need to re-address this topic. The new guidelines will offer an important resource for healthcare providers to inform the use of doxycycline PEP for preventing bacterial STI infections. CDC plans to use multiple surveillance systems to monitor impacts of the proposed guidelines including potential impacts on antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance in both STI and non-STI pathogens.

• #26 Health: HIV/STI/Viral Hepatitis: Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Prevention

  https://www.in.gov/health/hiv-std-viral-hepatitis/sexually-transmitted-disease-prevention-program/

  Expedited Partner Therapy, or EPT, is the practice of treating sexual partners of patients diagnosed with an STI (specifically chlamydia and/or gonorrhea) without an intervening medical evaluation. This practice helps prevent re-infection of patients and is considered an effective partner management strategy. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provides guidelines for recommended courses of treatment for STIs. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends DoxyPEP among MSM and TGW who have had a bacterial STI (specifically syphilis, chlamydia, or gonorrhea) diagnosed in the past 12 months. […] DoxyPEP should be combined with counseling that it may be used as PEP to prevent these infections. It should be implemented following shared decision-making between the patient and provider in the context of a comprehensive sexual health approach, including: Risk-reduction counseling, STI screening and treatment, CDC recommended vaccination(s), Linkage to HIV PrEP, HIV care, or other services as appropriate.

• #27 Health: HIV/STI/Viral Hepatitis: Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Prevention

  https://www.in.gov/health/hiv-std-viral-hepatitis/sexually-transmitted-disease-prevention-program/

  Expedited Partner Therapy, or EPT, is the practice of treating sexual partners of patients diagnosed with an STI (specifically chlamydia and/or gonorrhea) without an intervening medical evaluation. This practice helps prevent re-infection of patients and is considered an effective partner management strategy. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provides guidelines for recommended courses of treatment for STIs. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends DoxyPEP among MSM and TGW who have had a bacterial STI (specifically syphilis, chlamydia, or gonorrhea) diagnosed in the past 12 months. […] DoxyPEP should be combined with counseling that it may be used as PEP to prevent these infections. It should be implemented following shared decision-making between the patient and provider in the context of a comprehensive sexual health approach, including: Risk-reduction counseling, STI screening and treatment, CDC recommended vaccination(s), Linkage to HIV PrEP, HIV care, or other services as appropriate.

• #28 Post-Sex Prevention of STIs | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/blog/post-sex-sti-prevention.html

  Studies show doxy-PEP can reduce the risk of syphilis and chlamydia by more than 80% among people who are not immune-suppressed, and gonorrhea by roughly 55%. […] If used appropriately and correctly, I think we will hopefully see STIs start to dramatically decline over the next few years, Foltz said. […] People who have multiple or anonymous sexual partners should test every three months, even if you take pre- and post-exposure medications. […] If we reduce the overall amount of syphilis in the community, we can prevent the spread to other at-risk populations, Foltz said.

• #29 Health: HIV/STI/Viral Hepatitis: Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Prevention

  https://www.in.gov/health/hiv-std-viral-hepatitis/sexually-transmitted-disease-prevention-program/

  The Indiana Department of Health (IDOH) recommends that individuals prescribed DoxyPEP: Undergo bacterial STI testing at anatomic sites of exposure at baseline and every 3 to 6 months thereafter. […] Additionally, IDOH recommends that HIV screening be performed for men who have sex with men and transgender women according to current recommendations.

• #30

  https://www.cdc.gov/std/treatment-guidelines/clinical-primary.htm

  Nonspecific topical microbicides are ineffective for preventing HIV infection. […] Contraceptive methods that are not mechanical barriers offer no protection against HIV or other STIs. […] Sexually active women who use contraceptive methods other than condoms should be counseled about STI and HIV infection prevention measures. […] Male circumcision reduces the risk for HIV infection and certain STIs among heterosexual men. […] Daily oral antiretroviral PrEP with a fixed-dose combination of emtricitabine (FTC) and either tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) or tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) have demonstrated safety and a substantial reduction in the rate of HIV acquisition for MSM. […] Providing HSV treatment to persons with HIV and HSV infection has not demonstrated benefit in reducing HIV acquisition among uninfected partners.

• #31 How to Prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) | ACOG

  https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/how-to-prevent-stis

  Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are infections that are spread by sexual contact. STIs are very common and easily spread. Some STIs can be treated and cured, but others cannot be cured. By knowing the facts, you can take steps to protect your health. […] There are many ways you can reduce your risk of getting an STI: […] Using a latex or polyurethane condom every time you have vaginal, oral, or anal sex reduces the risk of infection. […] Vaccines are available to help protect against hepatitis B and human papillomavirus (HPV). […] If you are not infected with HIV but are at high risk of getting it, you can take medication to help prevent infection. This is called pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). PrEP involves taking a daily pill or getting injections every 2 months. Along with other preventive measures, such as using condoms, PrEP may reduce your risk of getting HIV.

• #32 Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sexually-transmitted-diseases-stds/symptoms-causes/syc-20351240

  For men, evidence has found that circumcision can help lower the risk of getting HIV from a woman with HIV by as much as 60%. […] The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved two combination medicines to lower the risk of HIV infection in people who are at very high risk. […] Your health care professional will prescribe these medicines for HIV prevention only if you don’t already have HIV. […] According to the CDC, if you use Truvada daily, you can lower your risk of getting HIV from sex by about 99%. […] Using added prevention, such as condoms, can lower your risk even more and prevent other STIs.

• #33 Sexual Assault Infectious Disease Prophylaxis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482239/

  The preferred regimen is tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine, plus one of the following: raltegravir, 400 mg twice daily, or dolutegravir, 50 mg once daily. […] While the CDC recommends routine medication administration to prevent symptomatic trichomoniasis infection, some clinicians may hesitate to prescribe this treatment due to the significant adverse effects associated with the recommended antiprotozoal agents.

• #34 HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and sexually transmitted infections: intersection and opportunity

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9249100/

  Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has revolutionized HIV prevention, but PrEP does not protect against other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). […] STI rates are growing around the world, with rapid increases in syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia among MSM with multiple sexual partners in high-income countries and an increase in combined bacterial STI incidence (4172%) has been observed among MSM in Canada and Australia in correlation with initiation of PrEP. […] The global rise in availability of PrEP and STI prevalence rates occurring together present potential synergies for comprehensive preventive sexual health. […] The relationship between STI risk and HIV risk is further compounded by changes in sexual behaviour. […] Regardless of the causal connection between PrEP and rising rates of STIs, the expansion of STIs globally is notable in general and in people who use PrEP in particular.

• #35 Sexual Assault Infectious Disease Prophylaxis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482239/

  Sexual assault is a traumatic experience that can expose survivors to the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Preventing these infections is essential as they can lead to long-term complications. […] While routine testing for STIs may not be performed in many cases, prophylactic treatment is often recommended. This includes antibiotics for chlamydia, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis, as well as preventive measures for hepatitis B, HPV, and HIV. […] The CDC recommends selective testing for STIs when individuals present for evaluation after sexual assault. […] For the vast majority of adults and adolescents, routine prophylactic antibiotic treatment against Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and incubating syphilis renders testing and discovery of preexisting infections costly as management does not usually differ.

• #36 Sexual Assault Infectious Disease Prophylaxis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482239/

  Because compliance with follow-up is low, the CDC recommends antibiotics for chlamydia, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis, as well as emergency contraception, hepatitis B, HPV, and HIV evaluation. […] The CDC recommends serologic testing for hepatitis B in cases where the victim’s vaccination status is uncertain. […] The CDC recommends HPV vaccination for sexual assault survivors, particularly those younger than 26, including females aged 9 to 26 and males aged 9 to 21 who have not received prior vaccination or those who have only received partial immunization. […] The CDC recommends initiating postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) for sexual assault victims within 72 hours of an assault, particularly when there is a significant risk of transmission and the perpetrator is known to be HIV-positive.

• #37 Health: HIV/STI/Viral Hepatitis: Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Prevention

  https://www.in.gov/health/hiv-std-viral-hepatitis/sexually-transmitted-disease-prevention-program/

  Expedited Partner Therapy, or EPT, is the practice of treating sexual partners of patients diagnosed with an STI (specifically chlamydia and/or gonorrhea) without an intervening medical evaluation. This practice helps prevent re-infection of patients and is considered an effective partner management strategy. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provides guidelines for recommended courses of treatment for STIs. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends DoxyPEP among MSM and TGW who have had a bacterial STI (specifically syphilis, chlamydia, or gonorrhea) diagnosed in the past 12 months. […] DoxyPEP should be combined with counseling that it may be used as PEP to prevent these infections. It should be implemented following shared decision-making between the patient and provider in the context of a comprehensive sexual health approach, including: Risk-reduction counseling, STI screening and treatment, CDC recommended vaccination(s), Linkage to HIV PrEP, HIV care, or other services as appropriate.

• #38 Sexually Transmitted Infections: Updated Guideline From the CDC | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2022/0500/p553.html

  Expedited partner therapy allows clinicians to treat sex partners of their patients, without seeing the partners directly, with patient-facilitated delivery of prepackaged medication or prescription. […] The CDC recommends obtaining sexual histories with a nonjudgmental attitude and respectful language. STI- and HIV-focused prevention counseling is most important for adults with a recent STI diagnosis or multiple partners, as well as all sexually active adolescents. […] Screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea is recommended for all females younger than 25 years, and HIV screening should be offered to all adolescents. […] Patients should be advised to abstain from intercourse until they and their partners complete treatment and are asymptomatic. For single-dose treatments, seven days of abstinence is recommended.

• #39 Sexually Transmitted Infections: Updated Guideline From the CDC | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2022/0500/p553.html

  Most states permit expedited partner therapy, including provision of packaged medications or prescriptions without evaluation, to limit the spread of STIs. […] Prevention efforts include preexposure vaccination for hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and human papillomavirus; provision of HIV pre- and postexposure prophylaxis; and partner services. Prevention also continues to include discussions about condom use, decreasing the number of sex partners, abstinence from intercourse during STI treatment, and emergency contraceptives. […] HIV preexposure prophylaxis with a daily combination of emtricitabine with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (Truvada) is safe and effective for men who have sex with men (MSM), mixed-status heterosexual couples, and heterosexually active people at high risk due to a high number of sex partners or inconsistent or no condom use.

• #40 Sexually Transmitted Infections: Updated Guideline From the CDC | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2022/0500/p553.html

  Expedited partner therapy allows clinicians to treat sex partners of their patients, without seeing the partners directly, with patient-facilitated delivery of prepackaged medication or prescription. […] The CDC recommends obtaining sexual histories with a nonjudgmental attitude and respectful language. STI- and HIV-focused prevention counseling is most important for adults with a recent STI diagnosis or multiple partners, as well as all sexually active adolescents. […] Screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea is recommended for all females younger than 25 years, and HIV screening should be offered to all adolescents. […] Patients should be advised to abstain from intercourse until they and their partners complete treatment and are asymptomatic. For single-dose treatments, seven days of abstinence is recommended.

• #41

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/sexually-transmitted-infections-(stis)

  Information, education and counselling can improve peoples ability to recognize the symptoms of STIs and increase the likelihood that they will seek care and encourage a sexual partner to do so. […] WHO recommends countries to enhance syndromic management by gradually incorporating laboratory testing to support diagnosis. […] WHO supports countries to scale-up primary prevention (condom availability and use, etc.).

• #42 Recommendation: Sexually Transmitted Infections: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce

  https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/sexually-transmitted-infections-behavioral-counseling

  Adults at increased risk for STIs include those who currently have an STI or were diagnosed with one within the past year, do not consistently use condoms, have multiple sex partners, or have sex partners within populations with a high prevalence of STIs. […] Intervention approaches include in-person counseling, videos, websites, written materials, telephone support, and text messages. […] Most successful approaches provide information on common STIs and STI transmission; assess the person’s risk for acquiring STIs; aim to increase motivation or commitment to safer sex practices; and provide training in condom use, communication about safer sex, problem solving, and other pertinent skills. […] Behavioral counseling interventions reduce the likelihood of acquiring STIs in sexually active adolescents and in adults at increased risk, resulting in a moderate net benefit.

• #43 Recommendation: Sexually Transmitted Infections: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce

  https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/sexually-transmitted-infections-behavioral-counseling

  Recommendations made by the USPSTF are independent of the U.S. government. They should not be construed as an official position of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. […] The USPSTF recommends behavioral counseling for all sexually active adolescents and for adults who are at increased risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). […] For sexually active adolescents and for adults at increased risk: Provide behavioral counseling to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs). […] This recommendation applies to all sexually active adolescents and adults at increased risk for STIs. […] All sexually active adolescents are at increased risk for STIs because of the high rates of STIs in this age group and should receive behavioral counseling interventions.

• #44 Recommendation: Sexually Transmitted Infections: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce

  https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/sexually-transmitted-infections-behavioral-counseling

  Adults at increased risk for STIs include those who currently have an STI or were diagnosed with one within the past year, do not consistently use condoms, have multiple sex partners, or have sex partners within populations with a high prevalence of STIs. […] Intervention approaches include in-person counseling, videos, websites, written materials, telephone support, and text messages. […] Most successful approaches provide information on common STIs and STI transmission; assess the person’s risk for acquiring STIs; aim to increase motivation or commitment to safer sex practices; and provide training in condom use, communication about safer sex, problem solving, and other pertinent skills. […] Behavioral counseling interventions reduce the likelihood of acquiring STIs in sexually active adolescents and in adults at increased risk, resulting in a moderate net benefit.

• #45 Recommendation: Sexually Transmitted Infections: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce

  https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/sexually-transmitted-infections-behavioral-counseling

  Adults at increased risk for STIs include those who currently have an STI or were diagnosed with one within the past year, do not consistently use condoms, have multiple sex partners, or have sex partners within populations with a high prevalence of STIs. […] Intervention approaches include in-person counseling, videos, websites, written materials, telephone support, and text messages. […] Most successful approaches provide information on common STIs and STI transmission; assess the person’s risk for acquiring STIs; aim to increase motivation or commitment to safer sex practices; and provide training in condom use, communication about safer sex, problem solving, and other pertinent skills. […] Behavioral counseling interventions reduce the likelihood of acquiring STIs in sexually active adolescents and in adults at increased risk, resulting in a moderate net benefit.

• #46 Recommendation: Sexually Transmitted Infections: Behavioral Counseling | United States Preventive Services Taskforce

  https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/sexually-transmitted-infections-behavioral-counseling

  The USPSTF has issued relevant recommendations on the following: Screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea, Screening for syphilis in nonpregnant persons and pregnant persons, Screening for HIV, Preexposure prophylaxis for HIV. […] The USPSTF continues to conclude that the current evidence is lacking on the benefits and harms of behavioral counseling to prevent STIs in nonsexually active adolescents and in adults not at increased risk for STIs. […] Most interventions with group counseling involved total contact times of more than 120 minutes and multiple sessions over 1 to 12 months. […] Behavioral counseling for persons at increased risk for STIs can reduce the likelihood of acquiring STIs and also increase condom use or decrease the occurrence of unprotected intercourse. […] Interventions with the largest effects for STI prevention tended to involve more than 120 minutes of total contact time and group counseling, often delivered over multiple sessions for up to 1 year.

• #47 STI National Strategic Plan Overview | HHS.govLock

  https://www.hhs.gov/programs/topic-sites/sexually-transmitted-infections/plan-overview/index.html

  The Sexually Transmitted Infections National Strategic Plan (STI Plan) is a groundbreaking, first-ever, five-year plan that aims to reverse the recent dramatic rise in STIs in the United States. The STI Plan sets a vision as well as goals, objectives, and strategies to respond to this STI epidemic. It also includes indicators with measurable targets to track progress. […] The STI epidemic affects the health of people and communities and is costly to the health care system. When left untreated, STIs can lead to long term health problems such as chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and poor birth outcomes including death of newborns. STIs can also increase the risk of getting HIV and giving HIV to others. […] The STI Plan strongly emphasizes the need to address stigma, discrimination, and social determinants of health in order to reverse the rise in STI rates. Another theme interwoven in the STI Plan is the need to integrate STI prevention and control into other public health efforts to prevent and treat HIV, viral hepatitis, and substance use disorders.

• #48 Sexually Transmitted Infections

  https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/staying-in-hiv-care/other-related-health-issues/sexually-transmitted-diseases

  If you have HIV, are taking HIV medicine exactly as prescribed, and get and keep an undetectable viral load, you will not transmit HIV to an HIV-negative partner through sex. However, while having an undetectable viral load will prevent you from passing HIV, it will not prevent you from transmitting other STIs to your sexual partners. […] If you are sexually active, getting tested for STIs is one of the most important things you can do to protect your health and your partners health. […] Many STIs are curable and all are treatable. If either you or your partner is infected with an STI that can be cured, both of you need to start treatment immediately to avoid getting re-infected. […] The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) released the first-ever STI National Strategic Plan (STI Plan) in December 2020, providing a road map for STI prevention, diagnosis, care, and treatment.

• #49 STI National Strategic Plan Overview | HHS.govLock

  https://www.hhs.gov/programs/topic-sites/sexually-transmitted-infections/plan-overview/index.html

  The Sexually Transmitted Infections National Strategic Plan (STI Plan) is a groundbreaking, first-ever, five-year plan that aims to reverse the recent dramatic rise in STIs in the United States. The STI Plan sets a vision as well as goals, objectives, and strategies to respond to this STI epidemic. It also includes indicators with measurable targets to track progress. […] The STI epidemic affects the health of people and communities and is costly to the health care system. When left untreated, STIs can lead to long term health problems such as chronic pelvic pain, infertility, and poor birth outcomes including death of newborns. STIs can also increase the risk of getting HIV and giving HIV to others. […] The STI Plan strongly emphasizes the need to address stigma, discrimination, and social determinants of health in order to reverse the rise in STI rates. Another theme interwoven in the STI Plan is the need to integrate STI prevention and control into other public health efforts to prevent and treat HIV, viral hepatitis, and substance use disorders.

• #50

  https://www.who.int/teams/global-hiv-hepatitis-and-stis-programmes/stis/prevention

  Global Sexually Transmitted Infections Programme The Department of Global HIV, Hepatitis and Sexually Transmitted Infections Programmes leads the development and implementation of the global health sector strategy on the elimination of sexually transmitted infections as a public health threats. […] Prevention […] When used correctly and consistently, condoms offer one of the most effective methods of protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including HIV. […] Counselling and behavioural interventions offer primary prevention against STIs (including HIV), as well as unintended pregnancies. […] Safe and highly effective vaccines are available for 2 STIs: hepatitis B virus and HPV. […] Other biomedical interventions to prevent some STIs include voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) and microbicides. […] Testing and treating STIs also helps to prevent transmission.

• #51

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/sexually-transmitted-infections-(stis)

  Information, education and counselling can improve peoples ability to recognize the symptoms of STIs and increase the likelihood that they will seek care and encourage a sexual partner to do so. […] WHO recommends countries to enhance syndromic management by gradually incorporating laboratory testing to support diagnosis. […] WHO supports countries to scale-up primary prevention (condom availability and use, etc.).

• #52 Preventative Antibiotics for STIs | Johns Hopkins | Bloomberg School of Public Health

  https://publichealth.jhu.edu/2023/preventative-antibiotics-for-stis

  Patients are asking for it, even though it’s not a CDC-endorsed intervention right nowthey are really interested and motivated to take the medication. […] There is really good evidence of the efficacy of this intervention in men who have sex with men and transgender women. […] One really important part of communication with patients is to let them know that this intervention is not invincible. […] Doxycycline is a drug that we’ve used for decades for the treatment of acne and in other forms of prophylaxisfor example, as long-term prophylaxis against malaria. […] Its certainly a theoretical concern that doxycycline resistance could be driven by the widespread use of Doxy-PEP. […] I think that we have to be careful in terms of the advice that we give to patients, so that we couch this as one intervention in the suite of interventions that can help people have maximum sexual health.

• #53 Doxycycline for STI Prevention: Highly Effective, Minimal Drug Resistance | UC San Francisco

  https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2023/02/424861/doxycycline-sti-prevention-highly-effective-minimal-drug-resistance

  A sexual health strategy called doxy-PEP, in which people who have a history of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) take doxycycline after condomless sex, is highly effective. […] Doxy-PEP stands for doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis. It involves taking one 200mg pill of doxycycline, a kind of tetracycline, as soon as possible but no later than three days after having sex without a condom. The study observed its effects over the course of a year in men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women and found it reduced bacterial STIs, specifically gonorrhea, chlamydia and syphilis, by two-thirds each quarter. […] New strategies are urgently needed to curb STIs, which have been on the rise for several decades among men who have sex with men. […] Doxy-PEP may mitigate the amount of antibiotics used, including broader spectrum antibiotics like ceftriaxone, the use of which was reduced by 50% in those taking doxy-PEP.

• #54 Doxycycline for STI Prevention: Highly Effective, Minimal Drug Resistance | UC San Francisco

  https://www.ucsf.edu/news/2023/02/424861/doxycycline-sti-prevention-highly-effective-minimal-drug-resistance

  Doxy-PEP is a promising strategy to reduce sexually transmitted infections in populations that are disproportionately affected by high rates of sexually transmitted infections, specifically, men who have sex with men and transgender women who have had recent STIs, said Connie Celum, MD, professor of global health, medicine, and epidemiology at the University of Washington, a co-principal investigator on the study. It will be important to monitor the impact of doxy-PEP on antibiotic resistance over time and weigh this against the demonstrated benefit of reduced STIs.

• #55 Prevention and Control of Sexually Transmitted Infections in the United States | National Academies

  https://www.nationalacademies.org/our-work/prevention-and-control-of-sexually-transmitted-infections-in-the-united-states

  A new National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine committee will examine: the epidemiological dimensions of sexually transmitted Infections (STIs) in the United States; the economic burden associated with STIs; current public health strategies and programs to prevent and control STIs; and barriers in the healthcare system and insurance coverage associated with the prevention and treatment of STIs. […] The committee will provide direction for future public health programs, policy, and research in STI prevention and control and make recommendations as appropriate. […] Current public health strategies and programs to prevent and control STIs (including STI diagnostics, STI vaccines, STI monitoring and surveillance, treatment); […] Improved biomedical tools are needed to prevent and treat STIs, such as point-of-care diagnostic tests, new and readily available antibiotics, and development of new STI vaccines.

• #56

  https://www.healio.com/news/infectious-disease/20231207/prevention-is-key-a-guide-to-sti-prophylaxis

  The preliminary findings indicate that doxycycline taken at 200 mg within 24 to 72 hours of condomless sex reduced C. trachomatis infection compared with standard care. […] In the doxy-PEP trial, there was a significant decrease in syphilis in the treatment group in the PrEP (RR = 0.13; 95% CI, 0.03-0.59) and HIV (RR = 0.23; 95% CI, 0.04 to 1.29) cohorts. […] The doxy-PEP trial also revealed the potential utility of doxycycline for gonorrhea prevention. […] In October, the CDC issued draft guidance for the use of doxy-PEP among MSM and transgender women. […] Bexsero is being studied as a potential gonorrhea vaccine in an NIH-sponsored phase 2, randomized, observer-blind, placebo-controlled, multisite trial that will include high-risk men and women aged between 18 and 50 years of age. […] The primary objective of the trial is to demonstrate the efficacy of Bexsero in the prevention of urogenital and/or anorectal gonococcal infections.

• #57 Sexually transmitted infections

  https://womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/sexually-transmitted-infections

  The best way to prevent an STI is to not have vaginal, oral, or anal sex. […] If you do have sex, lower your risk of getting an STI with the following steps: Get vaccinated. There are vaccines to protect against HPV and hepatitis B. Use condoms. Condoms are the best way to prevent STIs when you have sex. […] Get tested. Be sure you and your partner are tested for STIs. Talk to each other about the test results before you have sex. […] Be monogamous. Having sex with just one partner can lower your risk for STIs. […] Limit your number of sex partners. Your risk of getting STIs goes up with the number of partners you have. […] The steps work best when used together. No single step can protect you from every single type of STI. […] Research on STIs is a public health priority. Research is focused on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. […] Researchers are looking at ways to prevent STIs with vaccines and microbicides. A microbicide is a gel or a cream that can be applied inside the vagina or anus to protect against STIs, including HIV.

• #58 Doxy PEP for Bacterial STI Prevention | STI | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/sti/hcp/doxy-pep/index.html

  Healthcare providers can use CDC guidelines to prescribe doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (doxy PEP) to prevent bacterial STIs. […] Doxy PEP has proven to reduce the risk of getting some bacterial STIs for gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men and transgender women at increased risk for STIs (specifically, syphilis, chlamydia, and in some studies, gonorrhea). […] Providers should discuss the proven benefits of doxy PEP in reducing STIs, as well as the known and unknown risks of this strategy. […] Write a prescription for self-administration of doxycycline 200 mg (any formulation) as soon as possible, within 72 hours after oral, vaginal, or anal sex. […] CDC recommends the following procedures at the initial and follow-up visits for a comprehensive sexual health approach. […] To help minimize the potential for antimicrobial resistance while maximizing benefits, CDC’s guidelines focus on the specific groups for whom doxy PEP has been proven effective for STI prevention and for whom modeling suggests the impact will be most substantial.

• #59 Doxy PEP for Bacterial STI Prevention | STI | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/sti/hcp/doxy-pep/index.html

  Healthcare providers can use CDC guidelines to prescribe doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (doxy PEP) to prevent bacterial STIs. […] Doxy PEP has proven to reduce the risk of getting some bacterial STIs for gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men and transgender women at increased risk for STIs (specifically, syphilis, chlamydia, and in some studies, gonorrhea). […] Providers should discuss the proven benefits of doxy PEP in reducing STIs, as well as the known and unknown risks of this strategy. […] Write a prescription for self-administration of doxycycline 200 mg (any formulation) as soon as possible, within 72 hours after oral, vaginal, or anal sex. […] CDC recommends the following procedures at the initial and follow-up visits for a comprehensive sexual health approach. […] To help minimize the potential for antimicrobial resistance while maximizing benefits, CDC’s guidelines focus on the specific groups for whom doxy PEP has been proven effective for STI prevention and for whom modeling suggests the impact will be most substantial.

• #60 Doxy PEP for Bacterial STI Prevention | STI | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/sti/hcp/doxy-pep/index.html

  Healthcare providers can use CDC guidelines to prescribe doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (doxy PEP) to prevent bacterial STIs. […] Doxy PEP has proven to reduce the risk of getting some bacterial STIs for gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men and transgender women at increased risk for STIs (specifically, syphilis, chlamydia, and in some studies, gonorrhea). […] Providers should discuss the proven benefits of doxy PEP in reducing STIs, as well as the known and unknown risks of this strategy. […] Write a prescription for self-administration of doxycycline 200 mg (any formulation) as soon as possible, within 72 hours after oral, vaginal, or anal sex. […] CDC recommends the following procedures at the initial and follow-up visits for a comprehensive sexual health approach. […] To help minimize the potential for antimicrobial resistance while maximizing benefits, CDC’s guidelines focus on the specific groups for whom doxy PEP has been proven effective for STI prevention and for whom modeling suggests the impact will be most substantial.

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