Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Black hairy tongue syndrome

  https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v20/i31/10845.htm

  Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a benign medical condition characterized by elongated filiform lingual papillae with typical carpet-like appearance of the dorsum of the tongue. […] Treatment involves identification and discontinuation of the offending agent, modifications of chronic predisposing factors, patients re-assurance to the benign nature of the condition, and maintenance of adequate oral hygiene with gentle debridement to promote desquamation. […] General preventative strategies should be employed and the patient should be educated of this condition as a potential side effect of antibiotic and antipsychotic medications. […] Proper patient reassurance to the benign nature of BHT is important, both to decrease the level of aesthetic anxiety and to promote appropriate treatment. […] The goal of therapy is the discontinuation of potential offending agents (including dietary or medicinal causes) and modifying predisposing factors (smoking, black tea consumption, neurological conditions, general debilitation), followed by maintaining good oral hygiene and gentle debridement with a soft toothbrush or tongue scraper to promote desquamation of the hyperkeratotic papillae.

• #2

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40257-017-0268-y

  Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a benign condition commonly found among people who smoke, have poor oral hygiene, are immunocompromised, or have a medical condition limiting their ability to practice good oral hygiene. […] Patients being placed on certain antibiotics or antipsychotics should be educated on the importance of good oral hygiene or cessation of habits that promote BHT. […] Similarly, those with medical conditions increasing the risk for the development of BHT should schedule routine visits with their dentist or dental hygienist.

• #3 Black hairy tongue – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/black-hairy-tongue/symptoms-causes/syc-20356077

  Black hairy tongue may look alarming, but it’s usually painless and doesn’t cause any health problems. The condition usually goes away by dealing with the causes and by regular mouth and tongue cleaning. […] Poor mouth and tongue cleaning, dry mouth, and eating only soft foods may raise your risk of black hairy tongue. […] If you’re male or an older adult, if you smoke, or if you’ve had hairy black tongue in the past, you may have a higher risk of the condition.

• #4

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40257-017-0268-y

  Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a benign condition commonly found among people who smoke, have poor oral hygiene, are immunocompromised, or have a medical condition limiting their ability to practice good oral hygiene. […] Patients being placed on certain antibiotics or antipsychotics should be educated on the importance of good oral hygiene or cessation of habits that promote BHT. […] Similarly, those with medical conditions increasing the risk for the development of BHT should schedule routine visits with their dentist or dental hygienist.

• #5 Hairy Tongue

  https://www.aaom.com/hairy-tongue

  Most individuals can prevent hairy tongue by practicing good oral hygiene. Brushing the top of the tongue with a tooth brush should be part of regular daily oral hygiene activities. […] The key to successful long-term elimination is excellent oral hygiene. Patients who have had hairy tongue are at greater risk for recurrence.

• #6 Black Hairy Tongue Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments – Oral-B

  https://oralb.com/en-us/oral-health/conditions/bad-breath/black-hairy-tongue-causes-symptoms-treatments/

  A good oral hygiene routine can help limit the chances of developing black hairy tongue symptoms. A lower sugar intake and regular visits to your dental professional can also help in preventing black hairy tongue. […] You can also try: […] Brush your tongue with a soft toothbrush or with a special tongue scraper. […] A good oral hygiene routine can help limit the chances of developing black hairy tongue symptoms. A lower sugar intake and regular visits to your dental professional can also help in preventing black hairy tongue.

• #7 Antibiotic use leads to woman’s black hairy tongue | DrBicuspid.com

  https://www.drbicuspid.com/dental-hygiene/infection-control/antibiotics/article/15379432/antibiotic-use-leads-to-womans-black-hairy-tongue

  „Clinicians should be aware of agents or lifestyles that may cause BHT, and it is essential to counsel on the possibility of developing BHT before starting treatment to avoid patient anxiety or premature treatment cessation,” wrote the authors, led by Dr. Mikiro Kato of the department of infectious diseases at the University of Tsukuba Hospital in Japan. […] „To avoid patient anxiety and unexpected treatment changes, patients should be counseled about the possible development of BHT associated with certain medications and lifestyle factors,” the authors wrote. […] „Clinicians should be vigilant against agents and lifestyles that can precipitate BHT, especially moxifloxacin,” Suzuki and colleagues wrote.

• #8 Black hairy tongue syndrome

  https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v20/i31/10845.htm

  Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a benign medical condition characterized by elongated filiform lingual papillae with typical carpet-like appearance of the dorsum of the tongue. […] Treatment involves identification and discontinuation of the offending agent, modifications of chronic predisposing factors, patients re-assurance to the benign nature of the condition, and maintenance of adequate oral hygiene with gentle debridement to promote desquamation. […] General preventative strategies should be employed and the patient should be educated of this condition as a potential side effect of antibiotic and antipsychotic medications. […] Proper patient reassurance to the benign nature of BHT is important, both to decrease the level of aesthetic anxiety and to promote appropriate treatment. […] The goal of therapy is the discontinuation of potential offending agents (including dietary or medicinal causes) and modifying predisposing factors (smoking, black tea consumption, neurological conditions, general debilitation), followed by maintaining good oral hygiene and gentle debridement with a soft toothbrush or tongue scraper to promote desquamation of the hyperkeratotic papillae.

• #9 Black hairy tongue – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/black-hairy-tongue/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356080

  Good mouth and tongue cleaning can help get rid of black hairy tongue. So can stopping things that may lead to the condition, for example, not using tobacco or irritating mouthwashes. […] To keep your mouth and tongue healthy: […] Brush your tongue. Give your tongue a gentle brushing whenever you brush your teeth. This removes dead cells, bacteria and food bits. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush or a flexible tongue scraper. […] Brush after eating. Brush your teeth at least twice a day and ideally after every meal. Use a fluoride toothpaste. […] Floss at least once a day. Proper flossing gets rid of food bits and plaque from between your teeth. […] Visit your dentist regularly. Get professional teeth cleanings and regular mouth exams. This can prevent problems or help your dentist spot them early. Your dentist can let you know how often you should visit. […] Eat a healthy diet. Drink plenty of water and eat a balanced diet that includes fresh fruits and vegetables.

• #10 Hairy Tongue: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1075886-overview

  Maintenance of good oral hygiene in addition to gentle mechanical debridement of the dark tongue surface matter optimally controls the condition. […] In most cases, simply brushing the tongue with a toothbrush or using a commercially available tongue scraper is sufficient to remove elongated filiform papillae and retard the growth of additional ones. […] Education regarding proper oral hygiene procedures is more easily provided to the patient as part of a routine dental appointment; however, encouragement in this regard is appropriate from any healthcare provider.

• #11 Black hairy tongue – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/black-hairy-tongue/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356080

  Good mouth and tongue cleaning can help get rid of black hairy tongue. So can stopping things that may lead to the condition, for example, not using tobacco or irritating mouthwashes. […] To keep your mouth and tongue healthy: […] Brush your tongue. Give your tongue a gentle brushing whenever you brush your teeth. This removes dead cells, bacteria and food bits. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush or a flexible tongue scraper. […] Brush after eating. Brush your teeth at least twice a day and ideally after every meal. Use a fluoride toothpaste. […] Floss at least once a day. Proper flossing gets rid of food bits and plaque from between your teeth. […] Visit your dentist regularly. Get professional teeth cleanings and regular mouth exams. This can prevent problems or help your dentist spot them early. Your dentist can let you know how often you should visit. […] Eat a healthy diet. Drink plenty of water and eat a balanced diet that includes fresh fruits and vegetables.

• #12 Black Hairy Tongue: Causes, What It Is & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17918-black-hairy-tongue

  Brushing your tongue with a toothbrush or using a tongue scraper can remove the papillae and the food debris that might be caught in them. You should also brush your teeth twice a day, floss once a day and visit your dentist for routine exams and cleanings. […] There are also some things you can do to reduce your risk for black hairy tongue. For example: […] Cut back on coffee, tea, tobacco or alcohol. […] Change your diet. […] Change your mouthwash use one that doesnt use peroxide or another oxidizing agent. […] If you or your healthcare provider suspects that a medication is causing black hairy tongue, talk to your healthcare provider about changing the medication.

• #13 Black hairy tongue – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/black-hairy-tongue/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356080

  Good mouth and tongue cleaning can help get rid of black hairy tongue. So can stopping things that may lead to the condition, for example, not using tobacco or irritating mouthwashes. […] To keep your mouth and tongue healthy: […] Brush your tongue. Give your tongue a gentle brushing whenever you brush your teeth. This removes dead cells, bacteria and food bits. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush or a flexible tongue scraper. […] Brush after eating. Brush your teeth at least twice a day and ideally after every meal. Use a fluoride toothpaste. […] Floss at least once a day. Proper flossing gets rid of food bits and plaque from between your teeth. […] Visit your dentist regularly. Get professional teeth cleanings and regular mouth exams. This can prevent problems or help your dentist spot them early. Your dentist can let you know how often you should visit. […] Eat a healthy diet. Drink plenty of water and eat a balanced diet that includes fresh fruits and vegetables.

• #14 Hairy Tongue: Why It Happens and How to Treat It

  https://www.healthline.com/health/dental-and-oral-health/hairy-tongue

  The best way to prevent hairy tongue is to practice good oral hygiene. Keep these tips in mind: […] Brush at least twice a day. Brush your teeth after you wake up and before you go to bed. If you can, brush after each meal, too. […] Brush the top of your tongue. Don’t just focus on your teeth. Brush your tongue, too. If brushing the back of your tongue makes you gag, slowly work to move further and further back until you’re comfortable. […] Floss well. The spaces between your teeth can hide bacteria and food that can lead to greater problems both for your gums and teeth, as well as your tongue. […] Rinse with an antiseptic mouthwash. These OTC products help kill bacteria and reduce the risk of buildup on your tongue. […] Take care of your teeth. Coffee, black tea, and soda are highly abrasive liquids. They’re bad for your teeth, but they can affect your tongue, too. Try to drink fewer of those liquids and more clear ones, like water or green tea.

• #15 Black hairy tongue – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/black-hairy-tongue/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356080

  Good mouth and tongue cleaning can help get rid of black hairy tongue. So can stopping things that may lead to the condition, for example, not using tobacco or irritating mouthwashes. […] To keep your mouth and tongue healthy: […] Brush your tongue. Give your tongue a gentle brushing whenever you brush your teeth. This removes dead cells, bacteria and food bits. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush or a flexible tongue scraper. […] Brush after eating. Brush your teeth at least twice a day and ideally after every meal. Use a fluoride toothpaste. […] Floss at least once a day. Proper flossing gets rid of food bits and plaque from between your teeth. […] Visit your dentist regularly. Get professional teeth cleanings and regular mouth exams. This can prevent problems or help your dentist spot them early. Your dentist can let you know how often you should visit. […] Eat a healthy diet. Drink plenty of water and eat a balanced diet that includes fresh fruits and vegetables.

• #16 Black Tongue: What Causes a Black Tongue and How to Get Rid of It

  https://www.healthline.com/health/black-tongue

  A black tongue usually doesnt require much treatment. In most cases, regularly brushing your tongue with a toothbrush should help remove dead skin cells and stains within a few days. […] You can usually take care of the condition yourself: […] Brush your tongue. Using a soft toothbrush, gently brush your tongue twice a day to help manually remove dead skin cells and bacteria. […] Use a tongue scrapper. Using a tongue scraper every time you brush your teeth will help keep skin cells from accumulating on your papillae. […] Brush after eating. Brushing your teeth and tongue after every meal will help keep food debris and bacteria from getting trapped in the papillae. […] Brush after drinking. Brushing shortly after drinking coffee, tea, and alcohol will help prevent staining. […] Stop using tobacco products. Quitting smoking or chewing tobacco is the best thing you can do for yourself and your tongue.

• #17 Black hairy tongue – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/black-hairy-tongue/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356080

  Good mouth and tongue cleaning can help get rid of black hairy tongue. So can stopping things that may lead to the condition, for example, not using tobacco or irritating mouthwashes. […] To keep your mouth and tongue healthy: […] Brush your tongue. Give your tongue a gentle brushing whenever you brush your teeth. This removes dead cells, bacteria and food bits. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush or a flexible tongue scraper. […] Brush after eating. Brush your teeth at least twice a day and ideally after every meal. Use a fluoride toothpaste. […] Floss at least once a day. Proper flossing gets rid of food bits and plaque from between your teeth. […] Visit your dentist regularly. Get professional teeth cleanings and regular mouth exams. This can prevent problems or help your dentist spot them early. Your dentist can let you know how often you should visit. […] Eat a healthy diet. Drink plenty of water and eat a balanced diet that includes fresh fruits and vegetables.

• #18 Black Hairy Tongue: Causes & Treatment – BuzzRx

  https://www.buzzrx.com/blog/black-hairy-tongue

  Yes, practicing good oral hygiene and eliminating predisposing factors can get rid of black hairy tongue, a harmless condition that can be alarming. Some of the things you can do for a black hairy tongue include: […] Use a flexible tongue scraper or soft toothbrush to gently remove dead skin cells and food debris from the surface of the tongue. […] Practice good oral hygiene and brush your teeth twice every day, preferably after meals. […] Floss daily to remove food particles from between your teeth. […] Visit your dentist every 6 months for professional cleanings and oral exams so that problems are picked up and treated early. […] Eat a healthy diet and stay well hydrated. Consume a variety of food textures (eating only soft foods can lead to defective shedding of the black hairy tongue epithelium). […] Avoid excessive tea, coffee, or alcohol intake.

• #19 Black hairy tongue syndrome

  https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v20/i31/10845.htm

  Lifestyle modifications, including aggressive oral hydration are important and increased dietary consumption of raw fruits and vegetables may help improve this condition by facilitating the roughage on the tongue. […] Patient education on proper oral hygiene and lifestyle modifications including smoking cessation and alcohol abstinence are vital to preventing reoccurrence.

• #20 Black Hairy Tongue: Causes, What It Is & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17918-black-hairy-tongue

  Brushing your tongue with a toothbrush or using a tongue scraper can remove the papillae and the food debris that might be caught in them. You should also brush your teeth twice a day, floss once a day and visit your dentist for routine exams and cleanings. […] There are also some things you can do to reduce your risk for black hairy tongue. For example: […] Cut back on coffee, tea, tobacco or alcohol. […] Change your diet. […] Change your mouthwash use one that doesnt use peroxide or another oxidizing agent. […] If you or your healthcare provider suspects that a medication is causing black hairy tongue, talk to your healthcare provider about changing the medication.

• #21 Hairy tongue

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/hairy-tongue

  Hairy tongue is usually self-limiting. If desired, treatment options include: […] Encouraging good oral hygiene. […] Discontinuing responsible drugs. […] Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol intake. […] Gentle tongue debridement, with a tongue scraper or soft toothbrush and solution containing 3% hydrogen peroxide or baking soda.

• #22 Black Hairy Tongue: Causes and Treatments For a Black or Coated Tongue

  https://www.webmd.com/oral-health/black-hairy-tongue

  Practicing good oral hygiene is the best way to treat black hairy tongue. Gently brush your teeth twice a day with a soft toothbrush. Also, brush your tongue. You can use a tongue scraper to make sure you’re thoroughly cleaning the area. Drink plenty of water throughout the day to help keep your mouth clean. […] Other tips include: If you smoke, quit. Add more roughage to your diet. Soft foods won’t clean off the tongue effectively.

• #23 Hairy tongue

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/hairy-tongue

  Hairy tongue is usually self-limiting. If desired, treatment options include: […] Encouraging good oral hygiene. […] Discontinuing responsible drugs. […] Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol intake. […] Gentle tongue debridement, with a tongue scraper or soft toothbrush and solution containing 3% hydrogen peroxide or baking soda.

• #24 What causes black hairy tongue? – Sendhil Dental

  https://www.sendhildental.com/what-causes-black-hairy-tongue/

  Poor Oral Hygiene Build-up of dead cells and oral bacteria will take place if you do not clean your tongue properly. Clean your tongue with a toothbrush or tongue scraper daily. It will prevent tongue discoloration and can cure black tongue. […] Avoid smoking, tobacco products and alcohol. […] Main an effective oral hygiene routine. Brush twice, Floss once and dont forget clean (scrub with a tongue scraper) your tongue. […] If you are taking medication or drugs for any physical ailments and notice a black layer on the tongue, consult your Doctor to reduce the dose of medication. Otherwise, get antibacterial or antifungal medication to prevent accumulation of bacteria or yeast. […] Limit the consumption of coffee, tea especially black tea.

• #25 Black Hairy Tongue: Causes, What It Is & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17918-black-hairy-tongue

  Brushing your tongue with a toothbrush or using a tongue scraper can remove the papillae and the food debris that might be caught in them. You should also brush your teeth twice a day, floss once a day and visit your dentist for routine exams and cleanings. […] There are also some things you can do to reduce your risk for black hairy tongue. For example: […] Cut back on coffee, tea, tobacco or alcohol. […] Change your diet. […] Change your mouthwash use one that doesnt use peroxide or another oxidizing agent. […] If you or your healthcare provider suspects that a medication is causing black hairy tongue, talk to your healthcare provider about changing the medication.

• #26 Hairy Tongue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1075886-treatment

  Maintenance of good oral hygiene in addition to gentle mechanical debridement of the dark tongue surface matter optimally controls the condition. […] Reducing the lingual coating prevents bacterial colonization of the tongue. […] Treatment of the condition that is producing the minimal mastication and tongue movement reduces the development of black hairy tongue. […] For example, individuals using oxidizing mouthwashes containing sodium perborate, sodium peroxide, or hydrogen peroxide over the long term should be advised to change this potentially contributing behavior. Excessive tea drinking may also have to be curtailed. […] In the majority of cases of hairy tongue, simply brushing the tongue with a toothbrush or using a commercially available tongue scraper is sufficient to remove elongated filiform papillae and retard the growth of additional ones.

• #27 Black hairy tongue – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/black-hairy-tongue/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356080

  Good mouth and tongue cleaning can help get rid of black hairy tongue. So can stopping things that may lead to the condition, for example, not using tobacco or irritating mouthwashes. […] To keep your mouth and tongue healthy: […] Brush your tongue. Give your tongue a gentle brushing whenever you brush your teeth. This removes dead cells, bacteria and food bits. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush or a flexible tongue scraper. […] Brush after eating. Brush your teeth at least twice a day and ideally after every meal. Use a fluoride toothpaste. […] Floss at least once a day. Proper flossing gets rid of food bits and plaque from between your teeth. […] Visit your dentist regularly. Get professional teeth cleanings and regular mouth exams. This can prevent problems or help your dentist spot them early. Your dentist can let you know how often you should visit. […] Eat a healthy diet. Drink plenty of water and eat a balanced diet that includes fresh fruits and vegetables.

• #28 Hairy Tongue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1075886-treatment

  Maintenance of good oral hygiene in addition to gentle mechanical debridement of the dark tongue surface matter optimally controls the condition. […] Reducing the lingual coating prevents bacterial colonization of the tongue. […] Treatment of the condition that is producing the minimal mastication and tongue movement reduces the development of black hairy tongue. […] For example, individuals using oxidizing mouthwashes containing sodium perborate, sodium peroxide, or hydrogen peroxide over the long term should be advised to change this potentially contributing behavior. Excessive tea drinking may also have to be curtailed. […] In the majority of cases of hairy tongue, simply brushing the tongue with a toothbrush or using a commercially available tongue scraper is sufficient to remove elongated filiform papillae and retard the growth of additional ones.

• #29 Black Hairy Tongue: Causes, What It Is & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17918-black-hairy-tongue

  Brushing your tongue with a toothbrush or using a tongue scraper can remove the papillae and the food debris that might be caught in them. You should also brush your teeth twice a day, floss once a day and visit your dentist for routine exams and cleanings. […] There are also some things you can do to reduce your risk for black hairy tongue. For example: […] Cut back on coffee, tea, tobacco or alcohol. […] Change your diet. […] Change your mouthwash use one that doesnt use peroxide or another oxidizing agent. […] If you or your healthcare provider suspects that a medication is causing black hairy tongue, talk to your healthcare provider about changing the medication.

• #30 Understanding Black Hairy Tongue: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://dentistpeshawar.pk/oral-surgery-tongue-palate-cheeks/understanding-black-hairy-tongue-causes-symptoms-and-treatment/

  Brush Your Tongue Regularly: Make tongue cleaning a daily habit using either a toothbrush or tongue scraper. […] Quit or Reduce Tobacco Use: If you smoke or chew tobacco, quitting will help prevent not only black hairy tongue but also other oral health problems. […] Moderate Consumption of Dark-Colored Drinks: Limit your intake of coffee, tea, and other beverages that can stain the tongue. […] Hydrate and Stay Saliva-Healthy: Drink plenty of water to avoid dry mouth, which can contribute to the buildup of bacteria and debris on your tongue. […] Choose Non-Alcoholic Mouthwash: Avoid mouthwashes that contain alcohol, as they can dry out your mouth and increase the likelihood of developing black hairy tongue.

• #31 Black hairy tongue – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/black-hairy-tongue/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356080

  Good mouth and tongue cleaning can help get rid of black hairy tongue. So can stopping things that may lead to the condition, for example, not using tobacco or irritating mouthwashes. […] To keep your mouth and tongue healthy: […] Brush your tongue. Give your tongue a gentle brushing whenever you brush your teeth. This removes dead cells, bacteria and food bits. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush or a flexible tongue scraper. […] Brush after eating. Brush your teeth at least twice a day and ideally after every meal. Use a fluoride toothpaste. […] Floss at least once a day. Proper flossing gets rid of food bits and plaque from between your teeth. […] Visit your dentist regularly. Get professional teeth cleanings and regular mouth exams. This can prevent problems or help your dentist spot them early. Your dentist can let you know how often you should visit. […] Eat a healthy diet. Drink plenty of water and eat a balanced diet that includes fresh fruits and vegetables.

• #32 Black hairy tongue syndrome

  https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v20/i31/10845.htm

  Lifestyle modifications, including aggressive oral hydration are important and increased dietary consumption of raw fruits and vegetables may help improve this condition by facilitating the roughage on the tongue. […] Patient education on proper oral hygiene and lifestyle modifications including smoking cessation and alcohol abstinence are vital to preventing reoccurrence.

• #33 Black hairy tongue – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/black-hairy-tongue/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356080

  Good mouth and tongue cleaning can help get rid of black hairy tongue. So can stopping things that may lead to the condition, for example, not using tobacco or irritating mouthwashes. […] To keep your mouth and tongue healthy: […] Brush your tongue. Give your tongue a gentle brushing whenever you brush your teeth. This removes dead cells, bacteria and food bits. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush or a flexible tongue scraper. […] Brush after eating. Brush your teeth at least twice a day and ideally after every meal. Use a fluoride toothpaste. […] Floss at least once a day. Proper flossing gets rid of food bits and plaque from between your teeth. […] Visit your dentist regularly. Get professional teeth cleanings and regular mouth exams. This can prevent problems or help your dentist spot them early. Your dentist can let you know how often you should visit. […] Eat a healthy diet. Drink plenty of water and eat a balanced diet that includes fresh fruits and vegetables.

• #34 Black Hairy Tongue: Causes and Treatments For a Black or Coated Tongue

  https://www.webmd.com/oral-health/black-hairy-tongue

  Practicing good oral hygiene is the best way to treat black hairy tongue. Gently brush your teeth twice a day with a soft toothbrush. Also, brush your tongue. You can use a tongue scraper to make sure you’re thoroughly cleaning the area. Drink plenty of water throughout the day to help keep your mouth clean. […] Other tips include: If you smoke, quit. Add more roughage to your diet. Soft foods won’t clean off the tongue effectively.

• #35 Black hairy tongue – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/black-hairy-tongue/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356080

  Good mouth and tongue cleaning can help get rid of black hairy tongue. So can stopping things that may lead to the condition, for example, not using tobacco or irritating mouthwashes. […] To keep your mouth and tongue healthy: […] Brush your tongue. Give your tongue a gentle brushing whenever you brush your teeth. This removes dead cells, bacteria and food bits. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush or a flexible tongue scraper. […] Brush after eating. Brush your teeth at least twice a day and ideally after every meal. Use a fluoride toothpaste. […] Floss at least once a day. Proper flossing gets rid of food bits and plaque from between your teeth. […] Visit your dentist regularly. Get professional teeth cleanings and regular mouth exams. This can prevent problems or help your dentist spot them early. Your dentist can let you know how often you should visit. […] Eat a healthy diet. Drink plenty of water and eat a balanced diet that includes fresh fruits and vegetables.

• #36 Black Hairy Tongue: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

  https://www.netmeds.com/health-library/post/black-hairy-tongue-causes-symptoms-and-treatment?srsltid=AfmBOort5PmidEFIbPMUvxuC4WlFkCuQx0-TsdFFV6pUMygWyqnpj28C

  Black Hairy Tongue is usually the result of a microbial invasion or infection due to debris which triggers the papillae on the tongue grow longer. A good oral hygiene, usually characterizes pinkish-white colour papillae. […] Practicing good oral hygiene and a simple tweak in lifestyle habits are enough to get adequate results. […] Natural remedies to treat black hairy tongue include: brushing the teeth and scraping the tongue twice a day after meals. […] Limiting use of alcohol and tobacco. […] Avoiding use of mouthwashes. […] Visiting a dentist for check-ups on a monthly basis. […] Drinking adequate quantity of water. […] Following a well-balanced diet.

• #37 Hairy Tongue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1075886-treatment

  If hairy tongue is noted in a patient hospitalized for other reasons, the nursing staff should encourage the patient to gently brush or scrape the tongue as necessary to debride the area. […] Patients who are on a continuous soft diet occasionally develop hairy tongue because the consistency of the diet does nothing to achieve mechanical debridement of the dorsal surface of the tongue during eating and swallowing. If adding more roughage to the patient’s diet is not feasible, the patient should be encouraged to cleanse the dorsal surface of the tongue daily by means of brushing or scraping. […] Consultation with or referral to a general dentist may be indicated if the etiology of a patient’s hairy tongue appears to be primarily one of poor oral hygiene; other consultations may be needed if one or more prescribed medications must be changed or curtailed. […] If hairy tongue is noted in a patient as part of a routine outpatient examination, the patient should be encouraged to gently brush or scrape the tongue as necessary to debride the area.

• #38 Black Hairy Tongue: Causes and Treatments For a Black or Coated Tongue

  https://www.webmd.com/oral-health/black-hairy-tongue

  Practicing good oral hygiene is the best way to treat black hairy tongue. Gently brush your teeth twice a day with a soft toothbrush. Also, brush your tongue. You can use a tongue scraper to make sure you’re thoroughly cleaning the area. Drink plenty of water throughout the day to help keep your mouth clean. […] Other tips include: If you smoke, quit. Add more roughage to your diet. Soft foods won’t clean off the tongue effectively.

• #39 Black Hairy Tongue Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments – Oral-B

  https://oralb.com/en-us/oral-health/conditions/bad-breath/black-hairy-tongue-causes-symptoms-treatments/

  A good oral hygiene routine can help limit the chances of developing black hairy tongue symptoms. A lower sugar intake and regular visits to your dental professional can also help in preventing black hairy tongue. […] You can also try: […] Brush your tongue with a soft toothbrush or with a special tongue scraper. […] A good oral hygiene routine can help limit the chances of developing black hairy tongue symptoms. A lower sugar intake and regular visits to your dental professional can also help in preventing black hairy tongue.

• #40 Black hairy tongue – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/black-hairy-tongue/symptoms-causes/syc-20356077

  Black hairy tongue may look alarming, but it’s usually painless and doesn’t cause any health problems. The condition usually goes away by dealing with the causes and by regular mouth and tongue cleaning. […] Poor mouth and tongue cleaning, dry mouth, and eating only soft foods may raise your risk of black hairy tongue. […] If you’re male or an older adult, if you smoke, or if you’ve had hairy black tongue in the past, you may have a higher risk of the condition.

• #41

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40257-017-0268-y

  Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a benign condition commonly found among people who smoke, have poor oral hygiene, are immunocompromised, or have a medical condition limiting their ability to practice good oral hygiene. […] Patients being placed on certain antibiotics or antipsychotics should be educated on the importance of good oral hygiene or cessation of habits that promote BHT. […] Similarly, those with medical conditions increasing the risk for the development of BHT should schedule routine visits with their dentist or dental hygienist.

• #42 Black Hairy Tongue: Causes, What It Is & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17918-black-hairy-tongue

  Brushing your tongue with a toothbrush or using a tongue scraper can remove the papillae and the food debris that might be caught in them. You should also brush your teeth twice a day, floss once a day and visit your dentist for routine exams and cleanings. […] There are also some things you can do to reduce your risk for black hairy tongue. For example: […] Cut back on coffee, tea, tobacco or alcohol. […] Change your diet. […] Change your mouthwash use one that doesnt use peroxide or another oxidizing agent. […] If you or your healthcare provider suspects that a medication is causing black hairy tongue, talk to your healthcare provider about changing the medication.

• #43

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40257-017-0268-y

  Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a benign condition commonly found among people who smoke, have poor oral hygiene, are immunocompromised, or have a medical condition limiting their ability to practice good oral hygiene. […] Patients being placed on certain antibiotics or antipsychotics should be educated on the importance of good oral hygiene or cessation of habits that promote BHT. […] Similarly, those with medical conditions increasing the risk for the development of BHT should schedule routine visits with their dentist or dental hygienist.

• #44 Antibiotic use leads to woman’s black hairy tongue | DrBicuspid.com

  https://www.drbicuspid.com/dental-hygiene/infection-control/antibiotics/article/15379432/antibiotic-use-leads-to-womans-black-hairy-tongue

  „Clinicians should be aware of agents or lifestyles that may cause BHT, and it is essential to counsel on the possibility of developing BHT before starting treatment to avoid patient anxiety or premature treatment cessation,” wrote the authors, led by Dr. Mikiro Kato of the department of infectious diseases at the University of Tsukuba Hospital in Japan. […] „To avoid patient anxiety and unexpected treatment changes, patients should be counseled about the possible development of BHT associated with certain medications and lifestyle factors,” the authors wrote. […] „Clinicians should be vigilant against agents and lifestyles that can precipitate BHT, especially moxifloxacin,” Suzuki and colleagues wrote.

• #45 Drug-Induced Black Hairy Tongue: A Case Report – Mediterranean Journal of Infection Microbes and Antimicrobials

  https://mjima.org/articles/drug-induced-black-hairy-tongue-a-case-report/doi/416f29f7-a3c1-49ec-930f-5f2f5544de9f

  Black hairy tongue is a commonly observed condition of defective desquamation of the filiform papillae. […] When doxycycline and rifampin therapy are given, the possibility of black tongue should be kept in mind. Drug discontinuation may not be necessary. […] In most cases, it does not require drugs for treatment. Empirical approaches include brushing or scraping the tongue and improving oral hygiene. Elimination of any incriminating factors is usually sufficient to treat the lesions. […] Although doxycycline and rifampin were continued in this patient, discoloration of the tongue had resolved completely after one month with brushing of the tongue and rinsing with mouthwash.

• #46 Black Hairy Tongue: A Rare Adverse Effect of Olanzapine

  https://www.psychiatrist.com/pcc/black-hairy-tongue-rare-adverse-effect-olanzapine/

  Black hairy tongue is a condition triggered by various factors such as smoking, excessive coffee consumption, poor oral hygiene, trigeminal neuralgia, general debilitation, dry mouth, and certain drugs such as psychotropics (paroxetine, thiothixene hydrochloride, benztropine mesylate, clonazepam, and chlorpromazine), antibiotics, antihypertensives, and oxygenating oral mouth rinses. Management involves mechanical debridement, maintaining proper oral hygiene, and removing potential causative agents. Black hairy tongue usually resolves within days, but patient education on oral hygiene and lifestyle changes is crucial. Treatment options include 40% urea, salicylic acid, surgical excision, podophyllin, and tretinoin. Prevention involves smoking cessation and alcohol abstinence. […] The exact mechanism behind olanzapine induced black hairy tongue is unknown. It has been suggested that the anticholinergic properties of olanzapine may play a role in its development.

• #47 Drug-Induced Black Hairy Tongue: A Case Report – Mediterranean Journal of Infection Microbes and Antimicrobials

  https://www.mjima.org/articles/drug-induced-black-hairy-tongue-a-case-report/doi/11383

  Black hairy tongue, also known as lingua villosa nigra, is a painless, benign clinical condition caused by defective desquamation and reactive hypertrophy of the filiform papillae of the tongue. […] The etiology of this condition is due most commonly to the side effects of certain drugs, including antibiotics, antihypertensives, psychotropics, and oxygenating oral mouth rinses. […] We recommended the patient to brush her tongue and rinse with the mouthwash. […] In most cases, it does not require drugs for treatment. Empirical approaches include brushing or scraping the tongue and improving oral hygiene. Elimination of any incriminating factors is usually sufficient to treat the lesions. […] Although doxycycline and rifampin were continued in this patient, discoloration of the tongue had resolved completely after one month with brushing of the tongue and rinsing with mouthwash.

• #48 Black Hairy Tongue

  https://fpnotebook.com/ENT/Tongue/BlckHryTng.htm

  Improves with Tongue brushing with soft brush […] Avoid predisposing factors above (including drug-induced causes of Xerostomia) […] Increase Dietary Fiber […] Tobacco Cessation.

• #49 Prednisolone-Induced Hairy Tongue: A Case Report | Volume 34 – Issue 3 – September 2019 | Archives of Rheumatology

  https://www.archivesofrheumatology.org/full-text/1026

  Education of patients who are at risk for developing BHT is the first-line treatment of BTH. […] Discontinuation of offending drugs, altering predisposing factors, and maintaining good oral hygiene are needed in treatment. Gentle debridement of tongue with a soft toothbrush leads to desquamation of the hyperkeratotic papillae. […] In our patient, hairy tongue resolved after debridement of tongue with a soft toothbrush and discontinuation of prednisolone. […] Patients using prednisolone should be educated to continue good oral hygiene.

• #50

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40257-017-0268-y

  Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a benign condition commonly found among people who smoke, have poor oral hygiene, are immunocompromised, or have a medical condition limiting their ability to practice good oral hygiene. […] Patients being placed on certain antibiotics or antipsychotics should be educated on the importance of good oral hygiene or cessation of habits that promote BHT. […] Similarly, those with medical conditions increasing the risk for the development of BHT should schedule routine visits with their dentist or dental hygienist.

• #51 Prednisolone-Induced Hairy Tongue: A Case Report | Volume 34 – Issue 3 – September 2019 | Archives of Rheumatology

  https://www.archivesofrheumatology.org/full-text/1026

  Education of patients who are at risk for developing BHT is the first-line treatment of BTH. […] Discontinuation of offending drugs, altering predisposing factors, and maintaining good oral hygiene are needed in treatment. Gentle debridement of tongue with a soft toothbrush leads to desquamation of the hyperkeratotic papillae. […] In our patient, hairy tongue resolved after debridement of tongue with a soft toothbrush and discontinuation of prednisolone. […] Patients using prednisolone should be educated to continue good oral hygiene.

• #52 Black Hairy Tongue: Causes, What It Is & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17918-black-hairy-tongue

  Brushing your tongue with a toothbrush or using a tongue scraper can remove the papillae and the food debris that might be caught in them. You should also brush your teeth twice a day, floss once a day and visit your dentist for routine exams and cleanings. […] There are also some things you can do to reduce your risk for black hairy tongue. For example: […] Cut back on coffee, tea, tobacco or alcohol. […] Change your diet. […] Change your mouthwash use one that doesnt use peroxide or another oxidizing agent. […] If you or your healthcare provider suspects that a medication is causing black hairy tongue, talk to your healthcare provider about changing the medication.

• #53 What causes black hairy tongue?

  https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/what-causes-black-hairy-tongue-3573892/

  Be sure to practice good oral hygiene and brush your teeth (and tongue) twice a day. Discontinuation of the causative agent, such as medications, may be needed. Always speak with your healthcare provider before stopping a prescribed medication. […] Visit your dentist regularly and maintain a well-balanced diet. Talk to your doctor to see if any of your medications may be the cause. If your symptoms do not improve, contact your healthcare provider for further evaluation.

• #54 Hairy Tongue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1075886-treatment

  If hairy tongue is noted in a patient hospitalized for other reasons, the nursing staff should encourage the patient to gently brush or scrape the tongue as necessary to debride the area. […] Patients who are on a continuous soft diet occasionally develop hairy tongue because the consistency of the diet does nothing to achieve mechanical debridement of the dorsal surface of the tongue during eating and swallowing. If adding more roughage to the patient’s diet is not feasible, the patient should be encouraged to cleanse the dorsal surface of the tongue daily by means of brushing or scraping. […] Consultation with or referral to a general dentist may be indicated if the etiology of a patient’s hairy tongue appears to be primarily one of poor oral hygiene; other consultations may be needed if one or more prescribed medications must be changed or curtailed. […] If hairy tongue is noted in a patient as part of a routine outpatient examination, the patient should be encouraged to gently brush or scrape the tongue as necessary to debride the area.

• #55 Hairy Tongue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1075886-treatment

  If hairy tongue is noted in a patient hospitalized for other reasons, the nursing staff should encourage the patient to gently brush or scrape the tongue as necessary to debride the area. […] Patients who are on a continuous soft diet occasionally develop hairy tongue because the consistency of the diet does nothing to achieve mechanical debridement of the dorsal surface of the tongue during eating and swallowing. If adding more roughage to the patient’s diet is not feasible, the patient should be encouraged to cleanse the dorsal surface of the tongue daily by means of brushing or scraping. […] Consultation with or referral to a general dentist may be indicated if the etiology of a patient’s hairy tongue appears to be primarily one of poor oral hygiene; other consultations may be needed if one or more prescribed medications must be changed or curtailed. […] If hairy tongue is noted in a patient as part of a routine outpatient examination, the patient should be encouraged to gently brush or scrape the tongue as necessary to debride the area.

• #56 Hairy Tongue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1075886-treatment

  If hairy tongue is noted in a patient hospitalized for other reasons, the nursing staff should encourage the patient to gently brush or scrape the tongue as necessary to debride the area. […] Patients who are on a continuous soft diet occasionally develop hairy tongue because the consistency of the diet does nothing to achieve mechanical debridement of the dorsal surface of the tongue during eating and swallowing. If adding more roughage to the patient’s diet is not feasible, the patient should be encouraged to cleanse the dorsal surface of the tongue daily by means of brushing or scraping. […] Consultation with or referral to a general dentist may be indicated if the etiology of a patient’s hairy tongue appears to be primarily one of poor oral hygiene; other consultations may be needed if one or more prescribed medications must be changed or curtailed. […] If hairy tongue is noted in a patient as part of a routine outpatient examination, the patient should be encouraged to gently brush or scrape the tongue as necessary to debride the area.

• #57 Hairy Tongue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1075886-treatment

  If hairy tongue is noted in a patient hospitalized for other reasons, the nursing staff should encourage the patient to gently brush or scrape the tongue as necessary to debride the area. […] Patients who are on a continuous soft diet occasionally develop hairy tongue because the consistency of the diet does nothing to achieve mechanical debridement of the dorsal surface of the tongue during eating and swallowing. If adding more roughage to the patient’s diet is not feasible, the patient should be encouraged to cleanse the dorsal surface of the tongue daily by means of brushing or scraping. […] Consultation with or referral to a general dentist may be indicated if the etiology of a patient’s hairy tongue appears to be primarily one of poor oral hygiene; other consultations may be needed if one or more prescribed medications must be changed or curtailed. […] If hairy tongue is noted in a patient as part of a routine outpatient examination, the patient should be encouraged to gently brush or scrape the tongue as necessary to debride the area.

• #58

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40257-017-0268-y

  Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a benign condition commonly found among people who smoke, have poor oral hygiene, are immunocompromised, or have a medical condition limiting their ability to practice good oral hygiene. […] Patients being placed on certain antibiotics or antipsychotics should be educated on the importance of good oral hygiene or cessation of habits that promote BHT. […] Similarly, those with medical conditions increasing the risk for the development of BHT should schedule routine visits with their dentist or dental hygienist.

• #59

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40257-017-0268-y

  Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a benign condition commonly found among people who smoke, have poor oral hygiene, are immunocompromised, or have a medical condition limiting their ability to practice good oral hygiene. […] Patients being placed on certain antibiotics or antipsychotics should be educated on the importance of good oral hygiene or cessation of habits that promote BHT. […] Similarly, those with medical conditions increasing the risk for the development of BHT should schedule routine visits with their dentist or dental hygienist.

• #60

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40257-017-0268-y

  Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a benign condition commonly found among people who smoke, have poor oral hygiene, are immunocompromised, or have a medical condition limiting their ability to practice good oral hygiene. […] Patients being placed on certain antibiotics or antipsychotics should be educated on the importance of good oral hygiene or cessation of habits that promote BHT. […] Similarly, those with medical conditions increasing the risk for the development of BHT should schedule routine visits with their dentist or dental hygienist.

• #61 Hairy tongue: Symptoms, causes, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320201

  If lifestyle changes have not been successful in treating the condition, a doctor or dentist may recommend further evaluation and a more focused treatment. For example, an antibiotic or antifungal medication may be prescribed to remove bacteria or yeast. […] It is also possible in some cases to have the filiform papillae surgically removed. […] Maintaining good oral hygiene is important in preventing and treating incidences of hairy tongue.

• #62 Hairy Tongue

  https://www.aaom.com/hairy-tongue

  Most individuals can prevent hairy tongue by practicing good oral hygiene. Brushing the top of the tongue with a tooth brush should be part of regular daily oral hygiene activities. […] The key to successful long-term elimination is excellent oral hygiene. Patients who have had hairy tongue are at greater risk for recurrence.

• #63 Black hairy tongue – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/black-hairy-tongue/symptoms-causes/syc-20356077

  Black hairy tongue may look alarming, but it’s usually painless and doesn’t cause any health problems. The condition usually goes away by dealing with the causes and by regular mouth and tongue cleaning. […] Poor mouth and tongue cleaning, dry mouth, and eating only soft foods may raise your risk of black hairy tongue. […] If you’re male or an older adult, if you smoke, or if you’ve had hairy black tongue in the past, you may have a higher risk of the condition.

• #64 Hairy Tongue

  https://www.aaom.com/hairy-tongue

  Most individuals can prevent hairy tongue by practicing good oral hygiene. Brushing the top of the tongue with a tooth brush should be part of regular daily oral hygiene activities. […] The key to successful long-term elimination is excellent oral hygiene. Patients who have had hairy tongue are at greater risk for recurrence.

• #65 Hairy Tongue

  https://www.aaom.com/hairy-tongue

  Most individuals can prevent hairy tongue by practicing good oral hygiene. Brushing the top of the tongue with a tooth brush should be part of regular daily oral hygiene activities. […] The key to successful long-term elimination is excellent oral hygiene. Patients who have had hairy tongue are at greater risk for recurrence.

• #66 Black hairy tongue syndrome

  https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v20/i31/10845.htm

  Lifestyle modifications, including aggressive oral hydration are important and increased dietary consumption of raw fruits and vegetables may help improve this condition by facilitating the roughage on the tongue. […] Patient education on proper oral hygiene and lifestyle modifications including smoking cessation and alcohol abstinence are vital to preventing reoccurrence.

• #67 Black hairy tongue – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/black-hairy-tongue/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356080

  Good mouth and tongue cleaning can help get rid of black hairy tongue. So can stopping things that may lead to the condition, for example, not using tobacco or irritating mouthwashes. […] To keep your mouth and tongue healthy: […] Brush your tongue. Give your tongue a gentle brushing whenever you brush your teeth. This removes dead cells, bacteria and food bits. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush or a flexible tongue scraper. […] Brush after eating. Brush your teeth at least twice a day and ideally after every meal. Use a fluoride toothpaste. […] Floss at least once a day. Proper flossing gets rid of food bits and plaque from between your teeth. […] Visit your dentist regularly. Get professional teeth cleanings and regular mouth exams. This can prevent problems or help your dentist spot them early. Your dentist can let you know how often you should visit. […] Eat a healthy diet. Drink plenty of water and eat a balanced diet that includes fresh fruits and vegetables.

• #68 Hairy tongue: Symptoms, causes, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320201

  Treatment and prevention are typically achieved through changes to a persons lifestyle that may have trigger the onset of hairy tongue. Oral hygiene and regular visits to the dentist are the best ways to stop hairy tongue from occurring. […] It is also essential to maintain a nutritious and well-balanced diet, containing a good balance of fresh fruits, vegetables, grains, and minimal sugar to promote oral health. […] Consuming a sufficient amount of water throughout the day will also help to keep the mouth clean. […] Avoiding or limiting the consumption of substances that are associated with hairy tongue, such as coffee, tea, alcohol, or tobacco. […] Brushing the tongue or using a specialized tongue scraper to help with oral hygiene. […] In rare cases, the condition can be more persistent, and medical help should be sought from a doctor or a dentist.

• #69 Treatment for Black Hairy Tongue – Dimensions of Dental Hygiene

  https://dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com/article/black-hairy-tongue/

  The first step in the treatment process is to remove the possible etiologic factors that may contribute. […] If the patient smokes, this is the perfect opportunity to encourage him or her to begin a smoking cessation program. Black hairy tongue is the least important oral pathologic concern when a patient smokes. Oral cancer prevention is paramount! […] For the best at-home oral hygiene regimen, the patient should brush the tongue with a soft toothbrush without any toothpaste. […] Black hairy tongue usually resolves rather quickly but can recur, depending on etiologic factors that can be removed or altered. Optimal oral hygiene in general can help to control the condition.

• #70 Black Hairy Tongue: Causes & Treatment – BuzzRx

  https://www.buzzrx.com/blog/black-hairy-tongue

  Yes, practicing good oral hygiene and eliminating predisposing factors can get rid of black hairy tongue, a harmless condition that can be alarming. Some of the things you can do for a black hairy tongue include: […] Use a flexible tongue scraper or soft toothbrush to gently remove dead skin cells and food debris from the surface of the tongue. […] Practice good oral hygiene and brush your teeth twice every day, preferably after meals. […] Floss daily to remove food particles from between your teeth. […] Visit your dentist every 6 months for professional cleanings and oral exams so that problems are picked up and treated early. […] Eat a healthy diet and stay well hydrated. Consume a variety of food textures (eating only soft foods can lead to defective shedding of the black hairy tongue epithelium). […] Avoid excessive tea, coffee, or alcohol intake.

• #71 Black Tongue: What Causes a Black Tongue and How to Get Rid of It

  https://www.healthline.com/health/black-tongue

  A black tongue usually doesnt require much treatment. In most cases, regularly brushing your tongue with a toothbrush should help remove dead skin cells and stains within a few days. […] You can usually take care of the condition yourself: […] Brush your tongue. Using a soft toothbrush, gently brush your tongue twice a day to help manually remove dead skin cells and bacteria. […] Use a tongue scrapper. Using a tongue scraper every time you brush your teeth will help keep skin cells from accumulating on your papillae. […] Brush after eating. Brushing your teeth and tongue after every meal will help keep food debris and bacteria from getting trapped in the papillae. […] Brush after drinking. Brushing shortly after drinking coffee, tea, and alcohol will help prevent staining. […] Stop using tobacco products. Quitting smoking or chewing tobacco is the best thing you can do for yourself and your tongue.

• #72 Black hairy tongue – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/black-hairy-tongue/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356080

  Good mouth and tongue cleaning can help get rid of black hairy tongue. So can stopping things that may lead to the condition, for example, not using tobacco or irritating mouthwashes. […] To keep your mouth and tongue healthy: […] Brush your tongue. Give your tongue a gentle brushing whenever you brush your teeth. This removes dead cells, bacteria and food bits. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush or a flexible tongue scraper. […] Brush after eating. Brush your teeth at least twice a day and ideally after every meal. Use a fluoride toothpaste. […] Floss at least once a day. Proper flossing gets rid of food bits and plaque from between your teeth. […] Visit your dentist regularly. Get professional teeth cleanings and regular mouth exams. This can prevent problems or help your dentist spot them early. Your dentist can let you know how often you should visit. […] Eat a healthy diet. Drink plenty of water and eat a balanced diet that includes fresh fruits and vegetables.

• #73 Black hairy tongue – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/black-hairy-tongue/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356080

  Good mouth and tongue cleaning can help get rid of black hairy tongue. So can stopping things that may lead to the condition, for example, not using tobacco or irritating mouthwashes. […] To keep your mouth and tongue healthy: […] Brush your tongue. Give your tongue a gentle brushing whenever you brush your teeth. This removes dead cells, bacteria and food bits. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush or a flexible tongue scraper. […] Brush after eating. Brush your teeth at least twice a day and ideally after every meal. Use a fluoride toothpaste. […] Floss at least once a day. Proper flossing gets rid of food bits and plaque from between your teeth. […] Visit your dentist regularly. Get professional teeth cleanings and regular mouth exams. This can prevent problems or help your dentist spot them early. Your dentist can let you know how often you should visit. […] Eat a healthy diet. Drink plenty of water and eat a balanced diet that includes fresh fruits and vegetables.

• #74 Tongue Problems: Types, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Pictures

  https://www.medicinenet.com/tongue_problems/article.htm

  Is it possible to prevent tongue problems? Some tongue problems are preventable by practicing good oral hygiene and eating a healthy, nutritious diet. […] Exercising moderation or altogether quitting the habit of smoking and drinking alcohol will decrease the risk of developing oral cancer. […] Oral cancer screenings should always take place during routine dental visits. Screenings can also take place with an ear, nose, and throat (ENT) physician. These oral cancer screenings involve an examination of all the soft tissues in the mouth, including the tongue, floor of the mouth (under the tongue), palate (roof of the mouth), inside of the cheeks, and throat area.

• #75 Hairy tongue: Symptoms, causes, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320201

  If lifestyle changes have not been successful in treating the condition, a doctor or dentist may recommend further evaluation and a more focused treatment. For example, an antibiotic or antifungal medication may be prescribed to remove bacteria or yeast. […] It is also possible in some cases to have the filiform papillae surgically removed. […] Maintaining good oral hygiene is important in preventing and treating incidences of hairy tongue.

• #76 Hairy Tongue: Why It Happens and How to Treat It

  https://www.healthline.com/health/dental-and-oral-health/hairy-tongue

  The best way to prevent hairy tongue is to practice good oral hygiene. Keep these tips in mind: […] Brush at least twice a day. Brush your teeth after you wake up and before you go to bed. If you can, brush after each meal, too. […] Brush the top of your tongue. Don’t just focus on your teeth. Brush your tongue, too. If brushing the back of your tongue makes you gag, slowly work to move further and further back until you’re comfortable. […] Floss well. The spaces between your teeth can hide bacteria and food that can lead to greater problems both for your gums and teeth, as well as your tongue. […] Rinse with an antiseptic mouthwash. These OTC products help kill bacteria and reduce the risk of buildup on your tongue. […] Take care of your teeth. Coffee, black tea, and soda are highly abrasive liquids. They’re bad for your teeth, but they can affect your tongue, too. Try to drink fewer of those liquids and more clear ones, like water or green tea.

• #77

  https://www.natrusmile.com/blogs/news/what-does-a-black-black-tongue-mean?srsltid=AfmBOop54VaqG0wRAzh813tigqLx3jdb8AovZbuqNmz65oXCj14fiE93

  Black tongue is typically a temporary condition, but getting rid of it (and preventing it in the future) can take some effort. […] When it comes to prevention and reversal, oral hygiene is key. Not only will it help you reverse black tongue, but it will also reduce the risks of developing dry mouth and other oral health issues that cause black hairy tongue. […] Over-the-counter saliva stimulants can also be helpful in reducing dry mouth and getting rid of BHT. […] Making dietary changes is another way to prevent BHT. Eating a diet rich in vitamins and minerals can help keep your tongue healthy and reduce discoloration. […] If you have a black hairy tongue and your oral hygiene habits have not been able to get rid of it, you may need to take further steps in order to remove it. […] In severe cases where no regular treatment seems to solve the problem, a minor surgery may be necessary.

• #78 Black tongue: What is it, and how is it treated? | Perio Implant Advisory

  https://www.perioimplantadvisory.com/clinical-tips/article/14294685/black-tongue-what-is-it-and-how-is-it-treated

  Aside from looking scary, black hairy tongue is benign. Treatment consists of mechanical debridement with a tongue scraper and a toothbrush, as well as removing the causative factors if possible. […] As an adjunct to conventional debridement and to facilitate removal of the black color from the tongue, this author advocates the application of StellaLife Vega Oral Care Gel to the tongue prior to tongue scraping (three times a day) and StellaLife Vega Oral Rinse (three times a day). In addition, taking StellaLife Probiotic Oral Lozenge (figure 2) twice a day for 10 days will foster an environment of good bacteria in the mouth to improve both the health and color of the tongue. […] Black hairy tongue generally resolves within days to weeks after implementation of oral care and removal of the etiologic factors (figure 3). Patients who do not respond to this treatment after a few weeks may need to undergo further treatment, such as laser application to the tongue surface.

• #79

  https://journals.lww.com/md-journal/fulltext/2023/10270/black_hairy_tongue_treated_with_traditional.139.aspx

  Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a rare condition that is conventionally managed by discontinuing associated medications or habits and practicing good oral hygiene, including tongue brushing. […] First-line management strategies for BHT include discontinuing BHT-inducing drugs, gentle brushing the tongue, and practicing good oral hygiene. […] Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been shown to have good efficacy in treating gastrointestinal diseases such as dyspepsia and dry mouth, with minimal side effects. Therefore, it may be worth considering using TCM in the treatment of black hairy tongue. […] The literature does not contain a comprehensive report on TCM-based diagnosis and treatment outcomes for BHT. Accordingly, to fill this gap, this paper presents a case of BHT with gastrointestinal symptoms treated with Chinese herbal medicine (CHM).

• #80

  https://journals.lww.com/md-journal/fulltext/2023/10270/black_hairy_tongue_treated_with_traditional.139.aspx

  We observed that after 1 week of CHM administration, the BHT area decreased. Hence, CHM administration was continued for another week. […] After 2 weeks of CHM administration, the BHT area was nearly eliminated, and the area of the thick white coating was also reduced. […] After 4 weeks of CHM administration, the BHT was completely resolved. […] The 4 diagnostic methods of TCM can enable practitioners to perform a comprehensive assessment of a patient’s health status. In TCM, oral hygiene and imbalanced body constitution are considered to be associated with BHT. CHM treatment can effectively resolve BHT and its associated symptoms with few adverse events.

• #81

  https://journals.lww.com/md-journal/fulltext/2023/10270/black_hairy_tongue_treated_with_traditional.139.aspx

  Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a rare condition that is conventionally managed by discontinuing associated medications or habits and practicing good oral hygiene, including tongue brushing. […] First-line management strategies for BHT include discontinuing BHT-inducing drugs, gentle brushing the tongue, and practicing good oral hygiene. […] Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been shown to have good efficacy in treating gastrointestinal diseases such as dyspepsia and dry mouth, with minimal side effects. Therefore, it may be worth considering using TCM in the treatment of black hairy tongue. […] The literature does not contain a comprehensive report on TCM-based diagnosis and treatment outcomes for BHT. Accordingly, to fill this gap, this paper presents a case of BHT with gastrointestinal symptoms treated with Chinese herbal medicine (CHM).

• #82

  https://journals.lww.com/md-journal/fulltext/2023/10270/black_hairy_tongue_treated_with_traditional.139.aspx

  Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a rare condition that is conventionally managed by discontinuing associated medications or habits and practicing good oral hygiene, including tongue brushing. […] First-line management strategies for BHT include discontinuing BHT-inducing drugs, gentle brushing the tongue, and practicing good oral hygiene. […] Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been shown to have good efficacy in treating gastrointestinal diseases such as dyspepsia and dry mouth, with minimal side effects. Therefore, it may be worth considering using TCM in the treatment of black hairy tongue. […] The literature does not contain a comprehensive report on TCM-based diagnosis and treatment outcomes for BHT. Accordingly, to fill this gap, this paper presents a case of BHT with gastrointestinal symptoms treated with Chinese herbal medicine (CHM).

• #83 Black hairy tongue syndrome

  https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v20/i31/10845.htm

  Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a benign medical condition characterized by elongated filiform lingual papillae with typical carpet-like appearance of the dorsum of the tongue. […] Treatment involves identification and discontinuation of the offending agent, modifications of chronic predisposing factors, patients re-assurance to the benign nature of the condition, and maintenance of adequate oral hygiene with gentle debridement to promote desquamation. […] General preventative strategies should be employed and the patient should be educated of this condition as a potential side effect of antibiotic and antipsychotic medications. […] Proper patient reassurance to the benign nature of BHT is important, both to decrease the level of aesthetic anxiety and to promote appropriate treatment. […] The goal of therapy is the discontinuation of potential offending agents (including dietary or medicinal causes) and modifying predisposing factors (smoking, black tea consumption, neurological conditions, general debilitation), followed by maintaining good oral hygiene and gentle debridement with a soft toothbrush or tongue scraper to promote desquamation of the hyperkeratotic papillae.

• #84 Antibiotic use leads to woman’s black hairy tongue | DrBicuspid.com

  https://www.drbicuspid.com/dental-hygiene/infection-control/antibiotics/article/15379432/antibiotic-use-leads-to-womans-black-hairy-tongue

  „Clinicians should be aware of agents or lifestyles that may cause BHT, and it is essential to counsel on the possibility of developing BHT before starting treatment to avoid patient anxiety or premature treatment cessation,” wrote the authors, led by Dr. Mikiro Kato of the department of infectious diseases at the University of Tsukuba Hospital in Japan. […] „To avoid patient anxiety and unexpected treatment changes, patients should be counseled about the possible development of BHT associated with certain medications and lifestyle factors,” the authors wrote. […] „Clinicians should be vigilant against agents and lifestyles that can precipitate BHT, especially moxifloxacin,” Suzuki and colleagues wrote.

• #85 Black hairy tongue syndrome

  https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v20/i31/10845.htm

  Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a benign medical condition characterized by elongated filiform lingual papillae with typical carpet-like appearance of the dorsum of the tongue. […] Treatment involves identification and discontinuation of the offending agent, modifications of chronic predisposing factors, patients re-assurance to the benign nature of the condition, and maintenance of adequate oral hygiene with gentle debridement to promote desquamation. […] General preventative strategies should be employed and the patient should be educated of this condition as a potential side effect of antibiotic and antipsychotic medications. […] Proper patient reassurance to the benign nature of BHT is important, both to decrease the level of aesthetic anxiety and to promote appropriate treatment. […] The goal of therapy is the discontinuation of potential offending agents (including dietary or medicinal causes) and modifying predisposing factors (smoking, black tea consumption, neurological conditions, general debilitation), followed by maintaining good oral hygiene and gentle debridement with a soft toothbrush or tongue scraper to promote desquamation of the hyperkeratotic papillae.

• #86 Drug-Induced Black Hairy Tongue: A Case Report – Mediterranean Journal of Infection Microbes and Antimicrobials

  https://www.mjima.org/articles/drug-induced-black-hairy-tongue-a-case-report/doi/11383

  Black hairy tongue, also known as lingua villosa nigra, is a painless, benign clinical condition caused by defective desquamation and reactive hypertrophy of the filiform papillae of the tongue. […] The etiology of this condition is due most commonly to the side effects of certain drugs, including antibiotics, antihypertensives, psychotropics, and oxygenating oral mouth rinses. […] We recommended the patient to brush her tongue and rinse with the mouthwash. […] In most cases, it does not require drugs for treatment. Empirical approaches include brushing or scraping the tongue and improving oral hygiene. Elimination of any incriminating factors is usually sufficient to treat the lesions. […] Although doxycycline and rifampin were continued in this patient, discoloration of the tongue had resolved completely after one month with brushing of the tongue and rinsing with mouthwash.

• #87 Drug-Induced Black Hairy Tongue: A Case Report – Mediterranean Journal of Infection Microbes and Antimicrobials

  https://www.mjima.org/articles/drug-induced-black-hairy-tongue-a-case-report/doi/11383

  Black hairy tongue, also known as lingua villosa nigra, is a painless, benign clinical condition caused by defective desquamation and reactive hypertrophy of the filiform papillae of the tongue. […] The etiology of this condition is due most commonly to the side effects of certain drugs, including antibiotics, antihypertensives, psychotropics, and oxygenating oral mouth rinses. […] We recommended the patient to brush her tongue and rinse with the mouthwash. […] In most cases, it does not require drugs for treatment. Empirical approaches include brushing or scraping the tongue and improving oral hygiene. Elimination of any incriminating factors is usually sufficient to treat the lesions. […] Although doxycycline and rifampin were continued in this patient, discoloration of the tongue had resolved completely after one month with brushing of the tongue and rinsing with mouthwash.

• #88 Black tongue: Causes, treatments, and home remedies

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327163

  Black tongue is a harmless and temporary oral condition. […] Maintaining good oral hygiene can help clear black tongue. People can try: regularly brushing the tongue with a fluoride toothpaste, using a tongue scraper to remove plaque, bacteria, and other debris from the tongue, rinsing the mouth with warm salt water to improve cleanliness and reduce bad tastes and odors, brushing the tongue after every meal, and not eating after brushing at night, applying baking soda or hydrogen peroxide to the tongue, drinking plenty of water to help keep the mouth clean, eating more raw fruits and vegetables, which can help clean the tongue. […] It is generally safe to wait a few days before seeking treatment for a black tongue. In the meantime, people can try home remedies such as tongue brushing or scraping and saltwater rinses.

• #89 Topical tretinoin: a new treatment for black hairy tongue (lingua villosa nigra) – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1451290/

  Black hairy tongue is the name given to the appearance of an abnormal coating of the tongue and occurs only in adults. […] A number of aetiologic factors have been implicated including the administration of topical or systemic antibiotics, poor oral hygiene, smoking, alcohol and the use of mouthwashes. […] Recognized treatments include brushing with a soft tooth brush which is enhanced by the prior application of a 40% solution of urea, scraping, topical triamcinolone acetonide, gentian violet, thymol, salicylic acid, vitamin B complex, and surgical excision of the papillae.

• #90 Topical tretinoin: a new treatment for black hairy tongue (lingua villosa nigra) – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1451290/

  Black hairy tongue is the name given to the appearance of an abnormal coating of the tongue and occurs only in adults. […] A number of aetiologic factors have been implicated including the administration of topical or systemic antibiotics, poor oral hygiene, smoking, alcohol and the use of mouthwashes. […] Recognized treatments include brushing with a soft tooth brush which is enhanced by the prior application of a 40% solution of urea, scraping, topical triamcinolone acetonide, gentian violet, thymol, salicylic acid, vitamin B complex, and surgical excision of the papillae.

• #91 Topical tretinoin: a new treatment for black hairy tongue (lingua villosa nigra) – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1451290/

  Black hairy tongue is the name given to the appearance of an abnormal coating of the tongue and occurs only in adults. […] A number of aetiologic factors have been implicated including the administration of topical or systemic antibiotics, poor oral hygiene, smoking, alcohol and the use of mouthwashes. […] Recognized treatments include brushing with a soft tooth brush which is enhanced by the prior application of a 40% solution of urea, scraping, topical triamcinolone acetonide, gentian violet, thymol, salicylic acid, vitamin B complex, and surgical excision of the papillae.

• #92 Topical tretinoin: a new treatment for black hairy tongue (lingua villosa nigra) – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1451290/

  Black hairy tongue is the name given to the appearance of an abnormal coating of the tongue and occurs only in adults. […] A number of aetiologic factors have been implicated including the administration of topical or systemic antibiotics, poor oral hygiene, smoking, alcohol and the use of mouthwashes. […] Recognized treatments include brushing with a soft tooth brush which is enhanced by the prior application of a 40% solution of urea, scraping, topical triamcinolone acetonide, gentian violet, thymol, salicylic acid, vitamin B complex, and surgical excision of the papillae.

• #93 Topical tretinoin: a new treatment for black hairy tongue (lingua villosa nigra) – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1451290/

  Black hairy tongue is the name given to the appearance of an abnormal coating of the tongue and occurs only in adults. […] A number of aetiologic factors have been implicated including the administration of topical or systemic antibiotics, poor oral hygiene, smoking, alcohol and the use of mouthwashes. […] Recognized treatments include brushing with a soft tooth brush which is enhanced by the prior application of a 40% solution of urea, scraping, topical triamcinolone acetonide, gentian violet, thymol, salicylic acid, vitamin B complex, and surgical excision of the papillae.

• #94 A Rare Case of Black Hairy Tongue Has Been Recorded in The US : ScienceAlert

  https://www.sciencealert.com/a-rare-case-of-black-hairy-tongue-has-been-recorded-in-the-us

  It’s highly uncommon and quite harmless – although it is more likely to happen to smokers, those with specific medical conditions, those with poor oral hygiene and those who use irritating mouthwashes. […] It also has no known long-term effects, and there are various ways to treat it, including increased hydration and salivation, the cessation of smoking, brushing the tongue with a soft toothbrush and applying topical retinoids or salicylic acid. In extreme cases, some physicians resort to surgical excision. […] In this particular case study, all that the doctors had to do was take the patient off of the medication and place her on a different antibiotic. Within four weeks, her tongue was back to its normal colour.

• #95 Black hairy tongue syndrome

  https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v20/i31/10845.htm

  Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a benign medical condition characterized by elongated filiform lingual papillae with typical carpet-like appearance of the dorsum of the tongue. […] Treatment involves identification and discontinuation of the offending agent, modifications of chronic predisposing factors, patients re-assurance to the benign nature of the condition, and maintenance of adequate oral hygiene with gentle debridement to promote desquamation. […] General preventative strategies should be employed and the patient should be educated of this condition as a potential side effect of antibiotic and antipsychotic medications. […] Proper patient reassurance to the benign nature of BHT is important, both to decrease the level of aesthetic anxiety and to promote appropriate treatment. […] The goal of therapy is the discontinuation of potential offending agents (including dietary or medicinal causes) and modifying predisposing factors (smoking, black tea consumption, neurological conditions, general debilitation), followed by maintaining good oral hygiene and gentle debridement with a soft toothbrush or tongue scraper to promote desquamation of the hyperkeratotic papillae.

• #96 Black Hairy Tongue Causes And Treatment | Colgate®

  https://www.colgate.com/en-us/oral-health/threats-to-dental-health/black-hairy-tongue-causes-and-treatment

  Seeing a black hairy tongue in the mirror can be unsettling. You likely want to be sure it’s treatable and have the reassurance that your health is not at serious risk. Luckily, this condition is harmless and can be treated easily. Here’s how you can get your tongue back to normal and prevent the condition from developing again. […] A black and hairy tongue isn’t ultimately harmful to your overall health. It’s generally easy to treat both the condition and any secondary cause. You should be able to clean the surface of your tongue using a soft toothbrush or a tongue scraper. In severe instances, your doctor or dentist may prescribe medications or recommend an antiseptic mouthrinse, notes the NIH. If this hasn’t worked to eliminate black hairy tongue, your dentist may consider using laser surgery or electrical current as the final treatment options.

• #97 Black hairy tongue // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/black-hairy-tongue

  Black hairy tongue may look alarming, but it’s usually painless and doesn’t cause any health problems. The condition usually goes away by dealing with the causes and by regular mouth and tongue cleaning. […] Good mouth and tongue cleaning can help get rid of black hairy tongue. So can stopping things that may lead to the condition, for example, not using tobacco or irritating mouthwashes. […] To keep your mouth and tongue healthy: Brush your tongue. Give your tongue a gentle brushing whenever you brush your teeth. This removes dead cells, bacteria and food bits. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush or a flexible tongue scraper. Brush after eating. Brush your teeth at least twice a day and ideally after every meal. Use a fluoride toothpaste. Floss at least once a day. Proper flossing gets rid of food bits and plaque from between your teeth. Visit your dentist regularly. Get professional teeth cleanings and regular mouth exams. This can prevent problems or help your dentist spot them early. Your dentist can let you know how often you should visit. Eat a healthy diet. Drink plenty of water and eat a balanced diet that includes fresh fruits and vegetables.

• #98 Black Hairy Tongue Causes And Treatment | Colgate®

  https://www.colgate.com/en-us/oral-health/threats-to-dental-health/black-hairy-tongue-causes-and-treatment

  Seeing a black hairy tongue in the mirror can be unsettling. You likely want to be sure it’s treatable and have the reassurance that your health is not at serious risk. Luckily, this condition is harmless and can be treated easily. Here’s how you can get your tongue back to normal and prevent the condition from developing again. […] A black and hairy tongue isn’t ultimately harmful to your overall health. It’s generally easy to treat both the condition and any secondary cause. You should be able to clean the surface of your tongue using a soft toothbrush or a tongue scraper. In severe instances, your doctor or dentist may prescribe medications or recommend an antiseptic mouthrinse, notes the NIH. If this hasn’t worked to eliminate black hairy tongue, your dentist may consider using laser surgery or electrical current as the final treatment options.

• #99 Hairy tongue: Symptoms, causes, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320201

  Treatment and prevention are typically achieved through changes to a persons lifestyle that may have trigger the onset of hairy tongue. Oral hygiene and regular visits to the dentist are the best ways to stop hairy tongue from occurring. […] It is also essential to maintain a nutritious and well-balanced diet, containing a good balance of fresh fruits, vegetables, grains, and minimal sugar to promote oral health. […] Consuming a sufficient amount of water throughout the day will also help to keep the mouth clean. […] Avoiding or limiting the consumption of substances that are associated with hairy tongue, such as coffee, tea, alcohol, or tobacco. […] Brushing the tongue or using a specialized tongue scraper to help with oral hygiene. […] In rare cases, the condition can be more persistent, and medical help should be sought from a doctor or a dentist.

• #100 What causes black hairy tongue?

  https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/what-causes-black-hairy-tongue-3573892/

  Be sure to practice good oral hygiene and brush your teeth (and tongue) twice a day. Discontinuation of the causative agent, such as medications, may be needed. Always speak with your healthcare provider before stopping a prescribed medication. […] Visit your dentist regularly and maintain a well-balanced diet. Talk to your doctor to see if any of your medications may be the cause. If your symptoms do not improve, contact your healthcare provider for further evaluation.

• #101 Black tongue: Causes, treatments, and home remedies

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327163

  Black tongue is a harmless and temporary oral condition. […] Maintaining good oral hygiene can help clear black tongue. People can try: regularly brushing the tongue with a fluoride toothpaste, using a tongue scraper to remove plaque, bacteria, and other debris from the tongue, rinsing the mouth with warm salt water to improve cleanliness and reduce bad tastes and odors, brushing the tongue after every meal, and not eating after brushing at night, applying baking soda or hydrogen peroxide to the tongue, drinking plenty of water to help keep the mouth clean, eating more raw fruits and vegetables, which can help clean the tongue. […] It is generally safe to wait a few days before seeking treatment for a black tongue. In the meantime, people can try home remedies such as tongue brushing or scraping and saltwater rinses.

• #102

  https://www.laparoscopyhospital.com/forum/forum.php?p=9&cat_id=&tid=652

  Black hairy tongue is brought on by bacteria or fungi in the mouth, which will make the tongue appear black and hairy. It’s easily remedied by good old-fashioned dental hygiene. […] Practicing good oral hygiene is the greatest method to treat black hairy tongue. Gently brush your teeth twice daily with a soft toothbrush. Also, brush your tongue. Use a tongue scraper to make sure you’re thoroughly washing the area. Drink plenty of water throughout the day to keep your mouth clean. Other tips include: If you smoke, quit. Add more roughage for your diet. Soft foods won’t clean off the tongue effectively. Call your doctor or dentist if the problem does not get better on its own. Your physician may prescribe antibiotics or an antifungal drug to get rid of the bacteria or yeast. Topical medications, for example tretinoin (Retin-A) are also sometimes prescribed. Like a last measure, if the problem doesn’t improve, the papillae can be surgically clipped off with a laser or electrosurgery.

• #103 Hairy tongue: Symptoms, causes, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320201

  Treatment and prevention are typically achieved through changes to a persons lifestyle that may have trigger the onset of hairy tongue. Oral hygiene and regular visits to the dentist are the best ways to stop hairy tongue from occurring. […] It is also essential to maintain a nutritious and well-balanced diet, containing a good balance of fresh fruits, vegetables, grains, and minimal sugar to promote oral health. […] Consuming a sufficient amount of water throughout the day will also help to keep the mouth clean. […] Avoiding or limiting the consumption of substances that are associated with hairy tongue, such as coffee, tea, alcohol, or tobacco. […] Brushing the tongue or using a specialized tongue scraper to help with oral hygiene. […] In rare cases, the condition can be more persistent, and medical help should be sought from a doctor or a dentist.

• #104 What causes black hairy tongue?

  https://www.drugs.com/medical-answers/what-causes-black-hairy-tongue-3573892/

  Be sure to practice good oral hygiene and brush your teeth (and tongue) twice a day. Discontinuation of the causative agent, such as medications, may be needed. Always speak with your healthcare provider before stopping a prescribed medication. […] Visit your dentist regularly and maintain a well-balanced diet. Talk to your doctor to see if any of your medications may be the cause. If your symptoms do not improve, contact your healthcare provider for further evaluation.

• #105 Hairy tongue: Symptoms, causes, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320201

  If lifestyle changes have not been successful in treating the condition, a doctor or dentist may recommend further evaluation and a more focused treatment. For example, an antibiotic or antifungal medication may be prescribed to remove bacteria or yeast. […] It is also possible in some cases to have the filiform papillae surgically removed. […] Maintaining good oral hygiene is important in preventing and treating incidences of hairy tongue.

• #106 Hairy tongue: Symptoms, causes, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320201

  If lifestyle changes have not been successful in treating the condition, a doctor or dentist may recommend further evaluation and a more focused treatment. For example, an antibiotic or antifungal medication may be prescribed to remove bacteria or yeast. […] It is also possible in some cases to have the filiform papillae surgically removed. […] Maintaining good oral hygiene is important in preventing and treating incidences of hairy tongue.

• #107

  https://www.laparoscopyhospital.com/forum/forum.php?p=9&cat_id=&tid=652

  Black hairy tongue is brought on by bacteria or fungi in the mouth, which will make the tongue appear black and hairy. It’s easily remedied by good old-fashioned dental hygiene. […] Practicing good oral hygiene is the greatest method to treat black hairy tongue. Gently brush your teeth twice daily with a soft toothbrush. Also, brush your tongue. Use a tongue scraper to make sure you’re thoroughly washing the area. Drink plenty of water throughout the day to keep your mouth clean. Other tips include: If you smoke, quit. Add more roughage for your diet. Soft foods won’t clean off the tongue effectively. Call your doctor or dentist if the problem does not get better on its own. Your physician may prescribe antibiotics or an antifungal drug to get rid of the bacteria or yeast. Topical medications, for example tretinoin (Retin-A) are also sometimes prescribed. Like a last measure, if the problem doesn’t improve, the papillae can be surgically clipped off with a laser or electrosurgery.

• #108 Topical tretinoin: a new treatment for black hairy tongue (lingua villosa nigra) – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1451290/

  Black hairy tongue is the name given to the appearance of an abnormal coating of the tongue and occurs only in adults. […] A number of aetiologic factors have been implicated including the administration of topical or systemic antibiotics, poor oral hygiene, smoking, alcohol and the use of mouthwashes. […] Recognized treatments include brushing with a soft tooth brush which is enhanced by the prior application of a 40% solution of urea, scraping, topical triamcinolone acetonide, gentian violet, thymol, salicylic acid, vitamin B complex, and surgical excision of the papillae.

• #109

  https://www.laparoscopyhospital.com/forum/forum.php?p=9&cat_id=&tid=652

  Black hairy tongue is brought on by bacteria or fungi in the mouth, which will make the tongue appear black and hairy. It’s easily remedied by good old-fashioned dental hygiene. […] Practicing good oral hygiene is the greatest method to treat black hairy tongue. Gently brush your teeth twice daily with a soft toothbrush. Also, brush your tongue. Use a tongue scraper to make sure you’re thoroughly washing the area. Drink plenty of water throughout the day to keep your mouth clean. Other tips include: If you smoke, quit. Add more roughage for your diet. Soft foods won’t clean off the tongue effectively. Call your doctor or dentist if the problem does not get better on its own. Your physician may prescribe antibiotics or an antifungal drug to get rid of the bacteria or yeast. Topical medications, for example tretinoin (Retin-A) are also sometimes prescribed. Like a last measure, if the problem doesn’t improve, the papillae can be surgically clipped off with a laser or electrosurgery.

• #110 Black Hairy Tongue Causes And Treatment | Colgate®

  https://www.colgate.com/en-us/oral-health/threats-to-dental-health/black-hairy-tongue-causes-and-treatment

  Seeing a black hairy tongue in the mirror can be unsettling. You likely want to be sure it’s treatable and have the reassurance that your health is not at serious risk. Luckily, this condition is harmless and can be treated easily. Here’s how you can get your tongue back to normal and prevent the condition from developing again. […] A black and hairy tongue isn’t ultimately harmful to your overall health. It’s generally easy to treat both the condition and any secondary cause. You should be able to clean the surface of your tongue using a soft toothbrush or a tongue scraper. In severe instances, your doctor or dentist may prescribe medications or recommend an antiseptic mouthrinse, notes the NIH. If this hasn’t worked to eliminate black hairy tongue, your dentist may consider using laser surgery or electrical current as the final treatment options.

• #111

  https://www.laparoscopyhospital.com/forum/forum.php?p=9&cat_id=&tid=652

  Black hairy tongue is brought on by bacteria or fungi in the mouth, which will make the tongue appear black and hairy. It’s easily remedied by good old-fashioned dental hygiene. […] Practicing good oral hygiene is the greatest method to treat black hairy tongue. Gently brush your teeth twice daily with a soft toothbrush. Also, brush your tongue. Use a tongue scraper to make sure you’re thoroughly washing the area. Drink plenty of water throughout the day to keep your mouth clean. Other tips include: If you smoke, quit. Add more roughage for your diet. Soft foods won’t clean off the tongue effectively. Call your doctor or dentist if the problem does not get better on its own. Your physician may prescribe antibiotics or an antifungal drug to get rid of the bacteria or yeast. Topical medications, for example tretinoin (Retin-A) are also sometimes prescribed. Like a last measure, if the problem doesn’t improve, the papillae can be surgically clipped off with a laser or electrosurgery.

• #112 Treatment for Black Hairy Tongue – Dimensions of Dental Hygiene

  https://dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com/article/black-hairy-tongue/

  The first step in the treatment process is to remove the possible etiologic factors that may contribute. […] If the patient smokes, this is the perfect opportunity to encourage him or her to begin a smoking cessation program. Black hairy tongue is the least important oral pathologic concern when a patient smokes. Oral cancer prevention is paramount! […] For the best at-home oral hygiene regimen, the patient should brush the tongue with a soft toothbrush without any toothpaste. […] Black hairy tongue usually resolves rather quickly but can recur, depending on etiologic factors that can be removed or altered. Optimal oral hygiene in general can help to control the condition.

• #113 Black Hairy Tongue | Verified Learning

  https://www.verifiedlearning.com/black-hairy-tongue

  Effective treatment of BHT involves improving oral hygiene and addressing contributing factors. Regular tongue cleaning, quitting smoking, and reducing coffee or tea consumption are key preventive measures. […] This section focuses on educating patients about the condition, its benign nature, and the importance of regular oral hygiene practices to prevent recurrence. […] It covers the condition’s causes, symptoms, treatment options, and prevention strategies, helping patients understand and manage their oral health.

• #114 Hairy Tongue

  https://www.aaom.com/hairy-tongue

  Most individuals can prevent hairy tongue by practicing good oral hygiene. Brushing the top of the tongue with a tooth brush should be part of regular daily oral hygiene activities. […] The key to successful long-term elimination is excellent oral hygiene. Patients who have had hairy tongue are at greater risk for recurrence.

• #115 Hairy Tongue: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1075886-overview

  Maintenance of good oral hygiene in addition to gentle mechanical debridement of the dark tongue surface matter optimally controls the condition. […] In most cases, simply brushing the tongue with a toothbrush or using a commercially available tongue scraper is sufficient to remove elongated filiform papillae and retard the growth of additional ones. […] Education regarding proper oral hygiene procedures is more easily provided to the patient as part of a routine dental appointment; however, encouragement in this regard is appropriate from any healthcare provider.

• #116 Black hairy tongue syndrome

  https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v20/i31/10845.htm

  Lifestyle modifications, including aggressive oral hydration are important and increased dietary consumption of raw fruits and vegetables may help improve this condition by facilitating the roughage on the tongue. […] Patient education on proper oral hygiene and lifestyle modifications including smoking cessation and alcohol abstinence are vital to preventing reoccurrence.

• #117 Hairy tongue

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/hairy-tongue

  Hairy tongue is usually self-limiting. If desired, treatment options include: […] Encouraging good oral hygiene. […] Discontinuing responsible drugs. […] Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol intake. […] Gentle tongue debridement, with a tongue scraper or soft toothbrush and solution containing 3% hydrogen peroxide or baking soda.

• #118 Hairy Tongue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1075886-treatment

  Maintenance of good oral hygiene in addition to gentle mechanical debridement of the dark tongue surface matter optimally controls the condition. […] Reducing the lingual coating prevents bacterial colonization of the tongue. […] Treatment of the condition that is producing the minimal mastication and tongue movement reduces the development of black hairy tongue. […] For example, individuals using oxidizing mouthwashes containing sodium perborate, sodium peroxide, or hydrogen peroxide over the long term should be advised to change this potentially contributing behavior. Excessive tea drinking may also have to be curtailed. […] In the majority of cases of hairy tongue, simply brushing the tongue with a toothbrush or using a commercially available tongue scraper is sufficient to remove elongated filiform papillae and retard the growth of additional ones.

• #119 What causes black hairy tongue? – Sendhil Dental

  https://www.sendhildental.com/what-causes-black-hairy-tongue/

  Poor Oral Hygiene Build-up of dead cells and oral bacteria will take place if you do not clean your tongue properly. Clean your tongue with a toothbrush or tongue scraper daily. It will prevent tongue discoloration and can cure black tongue. […] Avoid smoking, tobacco products and alcohol. […] Main an effective oral hygiene routine. Brush twice, Floss once and dont forget clean (scrub with a tongue scraper) your tongue. […] If you are taking medication or drugs for any physical ailments and notice a black layer on the tongue, consult your Doctor to reduce the dose of medication. Otherwise, get antibacterial or antifungal medication to prevent accumulation of bacteria or yeast. […] Limit the consumption of coffee, tea especially black tea.

• #120 Black Hairy Tongue: Causes and Treatments For a Black or Coated Tongue

  https://www.webmd.com/oral-health/black-hairy-tongue

  Practicing good oral hygiene is the best way to treat black hairy tongue. Gently brush your teeth twice a day with a soft toothbrush. Also, brush your tongue. You can use a tongue scraper to make sure you’re thoroughly cleaning the area. Drink plenty of water throughout the day to help keep your mouth clean. […] Other tips include: If you smoke, quit. Add more roughage to your diet. Soft foods won’t clean off the tongue effectively.

• #121

  https://www.prevention.com/life/a20432179/oral-hygiene-problem-black-hairy-tongue/

  You have Black Hairy Tongue. It’s an overgrowth of the tongue’s normal bumps (papillae) that looks similar to hair, plus a bacteria that adds color. […] The condition is easily reversed by brushing your tongue regularly and adding some crunch to your diet (roughage naturally exfoliates the tongue). […] Black Hairy Tongue can also be caused by antibiotics, which disrupt the mouth’s healthy bacteria. […] A healthy diet with foods such as cereal and raw veggies should clear up the problem in a few weeks. […] And scrub your tongue with a toothbrush or tongue scraper twice daily, says Lynch.

• #122 Black Hairy Tongue: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

  https://www.netmeds.com/health-library/post/black-hairy-tongue-causes-symptoms-and-treatment?srsltid=AfmBOort5PmidEFIbPMUvxuC4WlFkCuQx0-TsdFFV6pUMygWyqnpj28C

  Black Hairy Tongue is usually the result of a microbial invasion or infection due to debris which triggers the papillae on the tongue grow longer. A good oral hygiene, usually characterizes pinkish-white colour papillae. […] Practicing good oral hygiene and a simple tweak in lifestyle habits are enough to get adequate results. […] Natural remedies to treat black hairy tongue include: brushing the teeth and scraping the tongue twice a day after meals. […] Limiting use of alcohol and tobacco. […] Avoiding use of mouthwashes. […] Visiting a dentist for check-ups on a monthly basis. […] Drinking adequate quantity of water. […] Following a well-balanced diet.

• #123

  https://www.fairywill.com/blogs/news/black-hairy-tongue-causes-symptoms-and-treatments

  Floss at least once a day. Proper flossing removes food particles and plaque from between your teeth. […] Visit your dentist regularly. Get professional teeth cleanings and regular oral exams, which can help your dentist prevent problems or spot them early. Your dentist can recommend a schedule for you. […] Maintain good nutrition. Drink plenty of water and eat a balanced diet that contains fresh fruits and vegetables. […] Good dental care fights bacteria and infections that induce black hairy tongue. […] Although black hairy tongue is a temporary issue, you should practice sound dental care routines with the help of Fairywill products.

• #124 Black hairy tongue – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/black-hairy-tongue/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356080

  Good mouth and tongue cleaning can help get rid of black hairy tongue. So can stopping things that may lead to the condition, for example, not using tobacco or irritating mouthwashes. […] To keep your mouth and tongue healthy: […] Brush your tongue. Give your tongue a gentle brushing whenever you brush your teeth. This removes dead cells, bacteria and food bits. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush or a flexible tongue scraper. […] Brush after eating. Brush your teeth at least twice a day and ideally after every meal. Use a fluoride toothpaste. […] Floss at least once a day. Proper flossing gets rid of food bits and plaque from between your teeth. […] Visit your dentist regularly. Get professional teeth cleanings and regular mouth exams. This can prevent problems or help your dentist spot them early. Your dentist can let you know how often you should visit. […] Eat a healthy diet. Drink plenty of water and eat a balanced diet that includes fresh fruits and vegetables.

• #125 Black Tongue Treatment: 2 Effortless Ways To Prevent It

  https://worldofdentistry.org/black-tongue-treatment/

  Preventing hairy tongue is possible if the following recommendations are followed: […] Brush your teeth at least 2 times a day and use dental floss. Additionally, clean the tongue by scraping it with a soft bristle brush or a tongue cleaner. The most appropriate hygiene technique is to scrape the tongue from the inside out several times, thus eliminating food debris, bacteria, plaque, and any dead cells on the papillae. […] Having a dry mouth can cause a black tongue, so it is recommended to drink plenty of water and chew gum containing xylitol to increase saliva flow. In some cases of xerostomia (dry mouth), it may be advisable to use saliva substitutes, or occasionally rinse the mouth with a mixture of a tablespoon of salt dissolved in a glass of water. […] Remember that the best way to prevent this and other oral diseases is to make regular visits to the dentist; according to the ADA (American Dental Association) these visits must be made at least twice a year; Acquiring this good habit allows for early detection of changes that occur in the teeth, tongue and mouth in general, and avoids future complications.

• #126 Antibiotic use leads to woman’s black hairy tongue | DrBicuspid.com

  https://www.drbicuspid.com/dental-hygiene/infection-control/antibiotics/article/15379432/antibiotic-use-leads-to-womans-black-hairy-tongue

  „Clinicians should be aware of agents or lifestyles that may cause BHT, and it is essential to counsel on the possibility of developing BHT before starting treatment to avoid patient anxiety or premature treatment cessation,” wrote the authors, led by Dr. Mikiro Kato of the department of infectious diseases at the University of Tsukuba Hospital in Japan. […] „To avoid patient anxiety and unexpected treatment changes, patients should be counseled about the possible development of BHT associated with certain medications and lifestyle factors,” the authors wrote. […] „Clinicians should be vigilant against agents and lifestyles that can precipitate BHT, especially moxifloxacin,” Suzuki and colleagues wrote.

• #127 Black hairy tongue syndrome

  https://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/full/v20/i31/10845.htm

  Black hairy tongue (BHT) is a benign medical condition characterized by elongated filiform lingual papillae with typical carpet-like appearance of the dorsum of the tongue. […] Treatment involves identification and discontinuation of the offending agent, modifications of chronic predisposing factors, patients re-assurance to the benign nature of the condition, and maintenance of adequate oral hygiene with gentle debridement to promote desquamation. […] General preventative strategies should be employed and the patient should be educated of this condition as a potential side effect of antibiotic and antipsychotic medications. […] Proper patient reassurance to the benign nature of BHT is important, both to decrease the level of aesthetic anxiety and to promote appropriate treatment. […] The goal of therapy is the discontinuation of potential offending agents (including dietary or medicinal causes) and modifying predisposing factors (smoking, black tea consumption, neurological conditions, general debilitation), followed by maintaining good oral hygiene and gentle debridement with a soft toothbrush or tongue scraper to promote desquamation of the hyperkeratotic papillae.

• #128 Black Hairy Tongue | Verified Learning

  https://www.verifiedlearning.com/black-hairy-tongue

  Effective treatment of BHT involves improving oral hygiene and addressing contributing factors. Regular tongue cleaning, quitting smoking, and reducing coffee or tea consumption are key preventive measures. […] This section focuses on educating patients about the condition, its benign nature, and the importance of regular oral hygiene practices to prevent recurrence. […] It covers the condition’s causes, symptoms, treatment options, and prevention strategies, helping patients understand and manage their oral health.

• #129 Treatment for Black Hairy Tongue – Dimensions of Dental Hygiene

  https://dimensionsofdentalhygiene.com/article/black-hairy-tongue/

  The first step in the treatment process is to remove the possible etiologic factors that may contribute. […] If the patient smokes, this is the perfect opportunity to encourage him or her to begin a smoking cessation program. Black hairy tongue is the least important oral pathologic concern when a patient smokes. Oral cancer prevention is paramount! […] For the best at-home oral hygiene regimen, the patient should brush the tongue with a soft toothbrush without any toothpaste. […] Black hairy tongue usually resolves rather quickly but can recur, depending on etiologic factors that can be removed or altered. Optimal oral hygiene in general can help to control the condition.

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