Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Cluster Headache | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2013/0715/p122.html

  Cluster headache causes severe unilateral temporal or periorbital pain, lasting 15 to 180 minutes and accompanied by autonomic symptoms in the nose, eyes, and face. […] Treatment focuses on avoiding triggers and includes abortive therapies, prophylaxis during the cluster period, and long-term treatment in patients with chronic cluster headache. […] Evidence supports the use of supplemental oxygen, sumatriptan, and zolmitriptan for acute treatment of episodic cluster headache. […] Verapamil is first-line prophylactic therapy and can also be used to treat chronic cluster headache. […] Effective management of cluster headache requires the integration of several strategies. Patient education is important, and should focus on managing or avoiding triggers, with an emphasis on smoking cessation, alcohol counseling, and lifestyle modification.

• #2

  https://journals.lww.com/neur/fulltext/2021/69001/cluster_headache__what_s_new_.17.aspx

  Cluster headache is a highly disabling primary headache disorder which is widely described as the most painful condition a human can experience. […] Cluster headache affects approximately one in 1000 of the population. It is characterised by attacks of severe unilateral head pain associated with ipsilateral cranial autonomic symptoms, and the tendency for attacks to occur with circadian and circannual periodicity. […] There is good quality evidence for acute treatment of attacks with parenteral triptans and high flow oxygen; preventive treatment with verapamil; and transitional treatment with oral corticosteroids or greater occipital nerve injection. […] Cluster headache causes distinctive symptoms, which once they are recognised can usually be managed with a variety of established treatments. Recent pathophysiological understanding has led to the development of newer pharmacological and neuromodulation therapies, which may soon become established in clinical practice.

• #3 The Cluster Headache: Just Like Clockwork

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/family-resources-education/family-resources-library/the-cluster-headache-just-like-clockwork

  Cluster headaches generally reach their full force within 5 to 10 minutes after onset. […] Most cluster headaches last only 30 to 45 minutes. […] They generally happen at the same time each day. […] A two-pronged approach is used for treatment of cluster headaches: […] To stop or at least control an attack in progress, you may be given high-dose oxygen therapy through a face mask for 15 to 20 minutes. […] The second part of cluster headache treatment is to prevent recurrent attacks by using daily medicine. […] Several medicines are used to prevent cluster headache attacks: […] Verapamil. A medicine that relaxes blood vessels. […] Prednisone. A steroid that reduces inflammation and swelling. […] Lithium carbonate. A medicine that restores the balance of certain brain chemicals. […] Antiseizure medicines. Medicines that may help reduce the number of cluster headaches. […] Galcanezumab is an antibody to calcitonin gene-related peptide receptors shown to reduce cluster headache frequency.

• #4

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=uf8015

  Cluster headaches are very painful. They happen on one side of the head and usually occur in groups, or clusters, over weeks or months. This type of headache often starts at night and can last for 30 minutes to several hours. You may have a stuffy nose and watery eyes during the headaches. The cause of cluster headaches is not known. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line (811 in most provinces and territories) if you are having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take. […] If your doctor prescribed at-home oxygen therapy to stop a cluster headache, follow the directions for using it. […] Tell your doctor if your headaches get worse and medicines don’t help. You may need to try a different medicine. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if: You have a headache that does not get better within 1 or 2 days. Your headaches get worse or happen more often.

• #5

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/headache-disorders

  Cluster headache (CH) is a primary headache disorder characterized by frequently recurring (up to several times a day), brief but extremely severe headache, usually focused in or around one eye, with tearing and redness of the eye. […] CH is relatively uncommon affecting fewer than 1 in 1000 adults, affecting six men to each woman. Most people developing CH are in their 20s or older. CH has episodic and chronic forms. […] Many of those troubled by headaches do not receive effective diagnosis and care. Appropriate treatment of headache disorders requires training of health professionals, accurate diagnosis and recognition of the conditions, appropriate treatment with cost-effective medications, simple lifestyle modifications and patient education. […] The main classes of drugs to treat headache disorders include analgesics, anti-emetics, specific anti-migraine medications and prophylactic medications.

• #6 9. Cluster headache guidance | Right Decisions

  https://rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/neurology-pathways/headache/9-cluster-headache-guidance/

  Cluster headache is differentiated into episodic and chronic. […] Acute treatment with subcutaneous sumatriptan may be started in primary care, but referral to secondary care for specialist treatment is recommended. […] High flow oxygen 100% at 10 to 15 litres/minute for 15 to 20 minutes, using a non-rebreathable mask, is effective in aborting acute attacks of cluster headache. […] Patients may use interim measures while waiting for a preventive treatment to have therapeutic effect. […] Peripheral nerve blocks may be used as bridge treatment in episodic Cluster Headache or as rescue treatment in chronic cluster headache. […] Verapamil is widely accepted as the first line preventive treatment for cluster headache. […] Lithium is more commonly used in chronic cluster headache. […] Gammacore is a handheld external device. […] Ideally drugs are avoided in pregnancy. The advice of a headache specialist should be sought.

• #7 Migraine and Cluster Headaches – LevelUpRN

  https://leveluprn.com/blogs/medical-surgical-nursing/nervous-6-migraine-cluster-headaches?srsltid=AfmBOopz8zakVsxb69qy_0XDPmdhuvi6kfwI8BEhqd0PakJo7QSdQcnY

  Nursing Care: In terms of nursing care and patient teaching for migraines, you should instruct your patient to lay down in a dark, quiet environment if they are experiencing a migraine. This will help with the photophobia and phonophobia. They should also avoid triggers, so reducing their stress level if possible, and avoiding foods that may trigger a migraine. […] A cluster headache is a neurovascular disorder that causes unilateral, non-throbbing head pain that typically lasts between 30 minutes and two hours. It typically happens at the same time of the day for months and is more common in the spring and fall versus the summer or winter. […] In terms of treatment, ergotamine and sumatriptan, which we use to treat migraines, can also be effective at treating cluster headaches. However, there are some other treatment options that are specifically aimed at cluster headaches, which include oxygen therapy, corticosteroids, and verapamil, which is a type of calcium channel blocker.

• #8

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/headache-disorders

  Cluster headache (CH) is a primary headache disorder characterized by frequently recurring (up to several times a day), brief but extremely severe headache, usually focused in or around one eye, with tearing and redness of the eye. […] CH is relatively uncommon affecting fewer than 1 in 1000 adults, affecting six men to each woman. Most people developing CH are in their 20s or older. CH has episodic and chronic forms. […] Many of those troubled by headaches do not receive effective diagnosis and care. Appropriate treatment of headache disorders requires training of health professionals, accurate diagnosis and recognition of the conditions, appropriate treatment with cost-effective medications, simple lifestyle modifications and patient education. […] The main classes of drugs to treat headache disorders include analgesics, anti-emetics, specific anti-migraine medications and prophylactic medications.

• #9 Cluster Headache – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544241/

  Cluster headaches are the most common of the primary headache type known as trigeminal autonomic cephalgia. […] This activity reviews the evaluation, treatment, and management of cluster headaches, including recognizing other forms of headache. […] The activity highlights the role of the interprofessional team in evaluating and treating patients with cluster headaches. […] Outline the importance of enhancing care coordination among the interprofessional team to ensure proper evaluation and management of cluster headaches. […] The only level A recommended treatment for the prevention of cluster headaches is a suboccipital blockade. […] The average cluster headache patient can take approximately five years to diagnose, often only after visiting several different clinicians. […] The only way to improve diagnosis and management is with an interprofessional healthcare team dedicated to treating headaches.

• #10 Cluster Headache – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544241/

  The neuroscience or pain nurse should educate the patient on avoiding alcohol and the importance of getting good sleep. […] Finally, close follow-up is essential in preventing future attacks. […] Cluster headaches require an interprofessional team approach, including clinicians, specialists, specialty-trained nurses, and pharmacists collaborating across disciplines to achieve optimal patient results.

• #11 Cluster Headache | UK Healthcare

  https://ukhealthcare.uky.edu/kentucky-neuroscience-institute/conditions/headache/cluster-headache

  Start your treatment right away. Do not wait for the headache to get worse. If your doctor prescribed at-home oxygen therapy to stop a cluster headache, follow the directions for using it. […] Be safe with medicines. Take your medicines exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor if you think you are having a problem with your medicine. You will get more details on the specific medicines your doctor prescribes. […] If your doctor recommends it, take an over-the-counter pain medicine, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), or naproxen (Aleve). Read and follow all instructions on the label. […] Do not take two or more pain medicines at the same time unless the doctor told you to. Many pain medicines have acetaminophen, which is Tylenol. Too much acetaminophen (Tylenol) can be harmful. […] Carry medicine with you to quickly treat a headache. […] Put ice or a cold pack on the area for 10 to 20 minutes at a time. Put a thin cloth between the ice and your skin.

• #12 Management of Cluster Headache | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2005/0215/p717.html

  Cluster headache treatment requires a dual strategy. Acutely, the attack must be aborted or subdued. Concurrently, prophylaxis is initiated to suppress the recurrent headaches expected throughout the remaining cluster period; prophylaxis is continued for the expected duration of the cluster period and then tapered off. Patients with chronic cluster headache require long-term prophylaxis. In patients with intractable headaches, more aggressive intervention, including surgery, may be required. […] The treatments of choice for acute cluster headache are oxygen (7 L per minute for 15 minutes), sumatriptan, or a combination of the two. Both therapies appear to be underprescribed. […] Verapamil in dosages of 360 to 480 mg daily is one of the few treatments for episodic cluster headache tested in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and found effective in reducing attack frequency. This treatment also is underused, with only 4 percent of patients with cluster headache reporting prophylactic verapamil use.

• #13 Cluster Headache | Headache and Facial Pain Center | Henry Ford Health – Detroit, MI

  https://www.henryford.com/services/neurology/headache/what-we-treat/cluster-headache

  Our concern for your well-being extends beyond treating your current symptoms. We prescribe medications to lower the risk of future cluster headache episodes. Care may also include bridge therapy, medications that help end episodes sooner. […] These cluster headache treatments work quickly to relieve severe pain and symptoms that occur throughout the day: Oxygen therapy: Breathing in oxygen through a mask may relieve symptoms faster than medication alone. Medications: Drugs that block pain signals help quiet your symptoms. Medicated nasal spray or injectable treatments typically work faster than medications you take by mouth. […] Bridge therapies help extend symptom relief until preventive medications start working. You may receive: Nerve blocks: We inject a numbing medication into the nerves supplying sensation to the area behind your eye. Steroids: These fast-acting medications relieve the inflammation that contributes to cluster headache symptoms.

• #14 Headache & Migraine: Nursing Diagnoses, Care Plans, Assessment & Interventions | NurseTogether

  https://www.nursetogether.com/headache-migraine-nursing-diagnosis-care-plan/

  A cluster headache is considered the most painful form of primary headache. It is relatively rare and affects more men than women. Pain is unilateral and accompanied by nasal drainage or stuffiness and eye tearing. This condition is characterized by repeated headaches occurring in cluster patterns for days or weeks, followed by periods of remission. […] Nursing interventions and care are essential for the patients recovery. In the following section, you will learn more about possible nursing interventions for a patient with a headache or migraine. […] Oxygen is beneficial for cluster headaches. […] Administer antiemetics and pain medications as indicated. Antiemetics address and manage nausea and vomiting in patients suffering from headaches or migraines. Pain may also trigger nausea, so alleviating the patients pain can dramatically reduce nausea and vomiting symptoms.

• #15 Cluster Headache | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2013/0715/p122.html

  Cluster headache causes severe unilateral temporal or periorbital pain, lasting 15 to 180 minutes and accompanied by autonomic symptoms in the nose, eyes, and face. […] Treatment focuses on avoiding triggers and includes abortive therapies, prophylaxis during the cluster period, and long-term treatment in patients with chronic cluster headache. […] Evidence supports the use of supplemental oxygen, sumatriptan, and zolmitriptan for acute treatment of episodic cluster headache. […] Verapamil is first-line prophylactic therapy and can also be used to treat chronic cluster headache. […] Effective management of cluster headache requires the integration of several strategies. Patient education is important, and should focus on managing or avoiding triggers, with an emphasis on smoking cessation, alcohol counseling, and lifestyle modification.

• #16 Migraine and Cluster Headaches – LevelUpRN

  https://leveluprn.com/blogs/medical-surgical-nursing/nervous-6-migraine-cluster-headaches?srsltid=AfmBOopz8zakVsxb69qy_0XDPmdhuvi6kfwI8BEhqd0PakJo7QSdQcnY

  Nursing Care: In terms of nursing care and patient teaching for migraines, you should instruct your patient to lay down in a dark, quiet environment if they are experiencing a migraine. This will help with the photophobia and phonophobia. They should also avoid triggers, so reducing their stress level if possible, and avoiding foods that may trigger a migraine. […] A cluster headache is a neurovascular disorder that causes unilateral, non-throbbing head pain that typically lasts between 30 minutes and two hours. It typically happens at the same time of the day for months and is more common in the spring and fall versus the summer or winter. […] In terms of treatment, ergotamine and sumatriptan, which we use to treat migraines, can also be effective at treating cluster headaches. However, there are some other treatment options that are specifically aimed at cluster headaches, which include oxygen therapy, corticosteroids, and verapamil, which is a type of calcium channel blocker.

• #17 Cluster Headache | CommonSpirit Health

  https://www.commonspirit.org/conditions-treatments/cluster-headache

  When a cluster headache begins: […] Start your treatment right away. Don’t wait for the headache to get worse. Take your medicine exactly as planned with your doctor. […] Be safe with medicines. Take your medicines exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor if you think you are having a problem with your medicine. […] If your doctor prescribed at-home oxygen therapy to stop a cluster headache, follow the directions for using it. […] Do not take two or more pain medicines at the same time unless the doctor told you to. […] Carry medicine with you to quickly treat a headache. […] Put ice or a cold pack on the area for 10 to 20 minutes at a time. Put a thin cloth between the ice and your skin. […] Tell your doctor if your headaches get worse and medicines don’t help. You may need to try a different medicine.

• #18 Cluster Headache | UK Healthcare

  https://ukhealthcare.uky.edu/kentucky-neuroscience-institute/conditions/headache/cluster-headache

  Start your treatment right away. Do not wait for the headache to get worse. If your doctor prescribed at-home oxygen therapy to stop a cluster headache, follow the directions for using it. […] Be safe with medicines. Take your medicines exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor if you think you are having a problem with your medicine. You will get more details on the specific medicines your doctor prescribes. […] If your doctor recommends it, take an over-the-counter pain medicine, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), or naproxen (Aleve). Read and follow all instructions on the label. […] Do not take two or more pain medicines at the same time unless the doctor told you to. Many pain medicines have acetaminophen, which is Tylenol. Too much acetaminophen (Tylenol) can be harmful. […] Carry medicine with you to quickly treat a headache. […] Put ice or a cold pack on the area for 10 to 20 minutes at a time. Put a thin cloth between the ice and your skin.

• #19 Treatment of Cluster Headache

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5909137/

  Given the safety and efficacy of oxygen, all patients with CH or who are suspected to have CH warrant a trial of oxygen. […] The main drawback for oxygen is its lack of portability. […] The intranasal triptans are probably less effective than the injectable forms and are contraindicated in those patients with cardiovascular disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and severe hypertension. […] Transitional treatment (or transitional prophylaxis) is employed at the onset of a cluster period to provide rapid cessation or reduction in attack frequency during a short period of time until a long-duration prophylactic agent has its onset of effect. […] The options for oral transitional therapy are rather limited and are essentially restricted to corticosteroids. […] Preventive treatment refers to the recurrent use of a treatment strategy designed to reduce the frequency and/or suppress the attacks during the duration of the patient’s typical cluster period with the goal of reducing the frequency and severity of cluster attacks. […] Most treatments that are available for the preventive treatment of CH are oral medications. […] Overall, occipital nerve stimulation may be a viable option with some enduring efficacy for patients with drug-resistant CH. […] Like any invasive procedure, it is usually reserved for patients who are refractory to conventional therapies.

• #20 Cluster Headache | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2013/0715/p122.html

  Abortive treatments should be used to alleviate acute headaches. Prophylactic therapy should be started and continued for the duration of the expected cluster period, then tapered. […] Patients who have chronic cluster headache should continue maintenance medications indefinitely. […] More invasive treatment options, including surgical interventions, are used only when other treatment modalities are ineffective. […] Verapamil at a minimum dosage of 240 mg per day is first-line prophylaxis for cluster headache. […] Electrocardiographic monitoring is necessary because of potential cardiac effects. […] A double-blind crossover study comparing verapamil and lithium reported a 50% reduction in the headache index for the verapamil group and a 37% reduction for the lithium group. […] Verapamil and lithium are the mainstays of treatment for chronic cluster headache. […] Deep brain stimulation is also an option for refractory chronic cluster headache, although it is not entirely clear how it works.

• #21 Cluster Headache | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2013/0715/p122.html

  Abortive treatments should be used to alleviate acute headaches. Prophylactic therapy should be started and continued for the duration of the expected cluster period, then tapered. […] Patients who have chronic cluster headache should continue maintenance medications indefinitely. […] More invasive treatment options, including surgical interventions, are used only when other treatment modalities are ineffective. […] Verapamil at a minimum dosage of 240 mg per day is first-line prophylaxis for cluster headache. […] Electrocardiographic monitoring is necessary because of potential cardiac effects. […] A double-blind crossover study comparing verapamil and lithium reported a 50% reduction in the headache index for the verapamil group and a 37% reduction for the lithium group. […] Verapamil and lithium are the mainstays of treatment for chronic cluster headache. […] Deep brain stimulation is also an option for refractory chronic cluster headache, although it is not entirely clear how it works.

• #22 Cluster Headache | Headache and Facial Pain Center | Henry Ford Health – Detroit, MI

  https://www.henryford.com/services/neurology/headache/what-we-treat/cluster-headache

  Our concern for your well-being extends beyond treating your current symptoms. We prescribe medications to lower the risk of future cluster headache episodes. Care may also include bridge therapy, medications that help end episodes sooner. […] These cluster headache treatments work quickly to relieve severe pain and symptoms that occur throughout the day: Oxygen therapy: Breathing in oxygen through a mask may relieve symptoms faster than medication alone. Medications: Drugs that block pain signals help quiet your symptoms. Medicated nasal spray or injectable treatments typically work faster than medications you take by mouth. […] Bridge therapies help extend symptom relief until preventive medications start working. You may receive: Nerve blocks: We inject a numbing medication into the nerves supplying sensation to the area behind your eye. Steroids: These fast-acting medications relieve the inflammation that contributes to cluster headache symptoms.

• #23 Treatment of Cluster Headache

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5909137/

  Given the safety and efficacy of oxygen, all patients with CH or who are suspected to have CH warrant a trial of oxygen. […] The main drawback for oxygen is its lack of portability. […] The intranasal triptans are probably less effective than the injectable forms and are contraindicated in those patients with cardiovascular disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and severe hypertension. […] Transitional treatment (or transitional prophylaxis) is employed at the onset of a cluster period to provide rapid cessation or reduction in attack frequency during a short period of time until a long-duration prophylactic agent has its onset of effect. […] The options for oral transitional therapy are rather limited and are essentially restricted to corticosteroids. […] Preventive treatment refers to the recurrent use of a treatment strategy designed to reduce the frequency and/or suppress the attacks during the duration of the patient’s typical cluster period with the goal of reducing the frequency and severity of cluster attacks. […] Most treatments that are available for the preventive treatment of CH are oral medications. […] Overall, occipital nerve stimulation may be a viable option with some enduring efficacy for patients with drug-resistant CH. […] Like any invasive procedure, it is usually reserved for patients who are refractory to conventional therapies.

• #24

  https://journals.lww.com/neur/fulltext/2021/69001/cluster_headache__what_s_new_.17.aspx

  Key Message: Cluster headache can be distinguished by the combination of severe unilateral head pain attacks, presence of cranial autonomic symptoms, and duration between 15 and 180 minutes. Attacks should be treated with parenteral triptans and/or high flow oxygen, and prevented with verapamil as first line treatment. […] The management options in CH are divided into acute, preventive, and transitional treatments. […] The most established effective acute treatments for cluster attacks are subcutaneous/intranasal triptans and inhaled high-flow oxygen. […] The most established and well evidenced preventive treatment for CH is verapamil and this should be used as the first line preventive medication. […] Short term use of high dose corticosteroids has been used as a transitional treatment for many years with good effectiveness in clinical practice. […] Suboccipital injection targeting the greater occipital nerve (GON) using local anesthetic agents and/or corticosteroids are well tolerated and effective in the transitional treatment of CH.

• #25 Management of Cluster Headache | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2005/0215/p717.html

  Prednisone often is used in prophylaxis, starting at a dosage of 50 to 80 mg daily and tapered over 10 to 12 days. […] To maximize the quality of life in patients with cluster headache, strategies including relaxation, biofeedback, smoking cessation, and alcohol intake reduction should be considered.

• #26 Cluster Headache | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2013/0715/p122.html

  Cluster headache causes severe unilateral temporal or periorbital pain, lasting 15 to 180 minutes and accompanied by autonomic symptoms in the nose, eyes, and face. […] Treatment focuses on avoiding triggers and includes abortive therapies, prophylaxis during the cluster period, and long-term treatment in patients with chronic cluster headache. […] Evidence supports the use of supplemental oxygen, sumatriptan, and zolmitriptan for acute treatment of episodic cluster headache. […] Verapamil is first-line prophylactic therapy and can also be used to treat chronic cluster headache. […] Effective management of cluster headache requires the integration of several strategies. Patient education is important, and should focus on managing or avoiding triggers, with an emphasis on smoking cessation, alcohol counseling, and lifestyle modification.

• #27 Cluster headache – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cluster-headache/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352084

  Cluster headache care at Mayo Clinic […] Our caring team of Mayo Clinic experts can help you with your cluster headache-related health concerns […] There’s no cure for cluster headaches. The goal of treatment is to decrease the pain, shorten the headache period and prevent new attacks. […] Preventive therapy starts at the onset of the cluster period with the goal of stopping the attacks. Once the bout of cluster headache ends, a health care provider helps you gradually stop taking the medicine. […] An occipital nerve block might be useful for relief until long-term medicines start to work. It’s often used in combination with verapamil. […] Living with cluster headache can be hard. Having cluster headache attacks can affect relationships, work and quality of life. […] Talking to a counselor or therapist might help. A headache support group can help you get support and information. Your health care provider might be able to suggest a therapist or a support group in your area.

• #28 Headaches – cluster Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/report/headaches-cluster

  Cluster headache attacks occur very suddenly and without warning, with the pain peaking within 15 minutes. […] Treatment of cluster headaches focuses on relieving pain when attacks occur, and on preventive strategies to reduce attack duration and frequency. […] Behavioral treatments can be a helpful supplement to drug therapy. […] People should also identify and avoid any triggers, such as alcohol use and cigarette smoking, which may provoke cluster headache attacks. […] Management of cluster headaches focuses on acute therapy for stopping an attack while it is happening and preventive therapy for stopping or reducing attack recurrences. […] The most effective and best-studied treatments for a cluster attack are oxygen inhalation and triptan drugs. […] Behavioral therapies are a helpful accompaniment to drug treatment. […] People should avoid the following triggers that may provoke cluster headache attacks: Alcohol and cigarette smoking.

• #29 Managing Your Cluster Migraines / Headaches – Symptoms & Treatment | Carle.org

  https://carle.org/conditions/neurological-conditions/cluster-headaches

  Many treatments exist for cluster headaches. The goal is to help symptoms because cluster headaches cannot be cured. Certain medicines can prevent more headache attacks. For breakthrough headaches (which occur even with preventive medicine), inhaling pure oxygen may provide some relief. The health care provider may prescribe oxygen therapy for use at home if breakthrough headaches occur often. If attacks are less frequent, drugs given by mouth, such as triptan medications, verapamil, or the steroid methylprednisolone, also work and are more convenient and less expensive than pure oxygen therapy. […] DO keep to an adequate and regular sleep schedule. DO take your medicines as prescribed. DO check with your health care provider before using over-the-counter pain relievers. DO keep your follow-up health care provider appointments. DO call your health care provider if you have a fever with your headache. DO call your health care provider if you have a headache that is more severe than usual and your usual medicine doesn’t help it. DO call your health care provider if you have weakness, numbness, or tingling in your arms or legs or you have trouble walking or talking. DO call your health care provider if you have severe vomiting that your medicine doesn’t control. DO call your health care provider if you have problems with your medicine. […] DONT use alcohol, foods containing nitrates, and tobacco. DONT expose yourself to oil-based solvents; avoid high altitudes and strenuous exercise. These may start an attack.

• #30 Cluster Headache Natural Treatment: Everything You Need to Know

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cluster-headache-natural-treatment

  If you’re considering magnesium supplementation, or any supplementation, be sure to speak to your doctor first. […] While there’s no cure for cluster headaches, making certain lifestyle changes may help you reduce the frequency of headaches. […] A consistent sleep schedule may help improve your circadian rhythm. Research suggests that maintaining a consistent sleep schedule may lead to fewer cluster headaches. […] Smokers tend to have cluster headaches more often compared with nonsmokers. […] While quitting smoking might not cause cluster headaches to stop completely, it may help improve your body’s sleep patterns and nerve responses. […] If you have cluster headaches, the pain alone is reason to seek medical help. […] Talk to your doctor about your symptoms and treatment options. They can recommend a treatment plan that’s right for you.

• #31 Cluster Headache Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments | UPMC

  https://www.upmc.com/services/neurology/services/headache-center/cluster-headache

  Cluster headaches are one of the most painful health issues humans experience. […] But the experts at the UPMC Headache Center have vast training in treating cluster headaches. […] At the UPMC Headache Center, we take a whole-person approach to your care. […] Your doctor will share healthy ways to prevent headaches, such as to: Keep a set sleep schedule. Eat healthy meals and snacks. Drink plenty of water. Don’t skip meals. Work out. Limit stress. Do deep breathing. Limit sugar, alcohol, and caffeine. Don’t smoke. […] Most people need to take medicine to prevent future attacks. […] UPMC offers the most advanced treatments to stop and avoid cluster headache pain. […] With world-class neurologists board-certified in headache medicine, the UPMC Headache Center has the expertise you need.

• #32 Cluster Headache: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.cluster-headache-care-instructions.uf8015

  Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor if you are having problems. […] Start your treatment right away. Do not wait for the headache to get worse. If your doctor prescribed at-home oxygen therapy to stop a cluster headache, follow the directions for using it. […] Be safe with medicines. Take your medicines exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor if you think you are having a problem with your medicine. […] If your doctor recommends it, take an over-the-counter pain medicine, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), or naproxen (Aleve). […] Tell your doctor if your headaches get worse and medicines don’t help. You may need to try a different medicine. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if: You have a headache that does not get better within 1 or 2 days. Your headaches get worse or happen more often. You are sensitive to light.

• #33

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=uf8015

  Cluster headaches are very painful. They happen on one side of the head and usually occur in groups, or clusters, over weeks or months. This type of headache often starts at night and can last for 30 minutes to several hours. You may have a stuffy nose and watery eyes during the headaches. The cause of cluster headaches is not known. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line (811 in most provinces and territories) if you are having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take. […] If your doctor prescribed at-home oxygen therapy to stop a cluster headache, follow the directions for using it. […] Tell your doctor if your headaches get worse and medicines don’t help. You may need to try a different medicine. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if: You have a headache that does not get better within 1 or 2 days. Your headaches get worse or happen more often.

• #34 Cluster Headache: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.cluster-headache-care-instructions.uf8015

  Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor if you are having problems. […] Start your treatment right away. Do not wait for the headache to get worse. If your doctor prescribed at-home oxygen therapy to stop a cluster headache, follow the directions for using it. […] Be safe with medicines. Take your medicines exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor if you think you are having a problem with your medicine. […] If your doctor recommends it, take an over-the-counter pain medicine, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), or naproxen (Aleve). […] Tell your doctor if your headaches get worse and medicines don’t help. You may need to try a different medicine. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if: You have a headache that does not get better within 1 or 2 days. Your headaches get worse or happen more often. You are sensitive to light.

• #35 Cluster headache – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cluster-headache/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352084

  Cluster headache care at Mayo Clinic […] Our caring team of Mayo Clinic experts can help you with your cluster headache-related health concerns […] There’s no cure for cluster headaches. The goal of treatment is to decrease the pain, shorten the headache period and prevent new attacks. […] Preventive therapy starts at the onset of the cluster period with the goal of stopping the attacks. Once the bout of cluster headache ends, a health care provider helps you gradually stop taking the medicine. […] An occipital nerve block might be useful for relief until long-term medicines start to work. It’s often used in combination with verapamil. […] Living with cluster headache can be hard. Having cluster headache attacks can affect relationships, work and quality of life. […] Talking to a counselor or therapist might help. A headache support group can help you get support and information. Your health care provider might be able to suggest a therapist or a support group in your area.

• #36 Cluster headache | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/cluster-headache?content_id=CON-20166457

  Rarely, surgery might help people with chronic cluster headaches who don’t get relief from other treatments. […] Living with cluster headache can be hard. Having cluster headache attacks can affect relationships, work and quality of life. […] Talking to a counselor or therapist might help. A headache support group can help you get support and information. Your health care provider might be able to suggest a therapist or a support group in your area.

• #37

  https://journals.lww.com/neur/fulltext/2021/69001/cluster_headache__what_s_new_.17.aspx

  Cluster headache is a highly disabling primary headache disorder which is widely described as the most painful condition a human can experience. […] Cluster headache affects approximately one in 1000 of the population. It is characterised by attacks of severe unilateral head pain associated with ipsilateral cranial autonomic symptoms, and the tendency for attacks to occur with circadian and circannual periodicity. […] There is good quality evidence for acute treatment of attacks with parenteral triptans and high flow oxygen; preventive treatment with verapamil; and transitional treatment with oral corticosteroids or greater occipital nerve injection. […] Cluster headache causes distinctive symptoms, which once they are recognised can usually be managed with a variety of established treatments. Recent pathophysiological understanding has led to the development of newer pharmacological and neuromodulation therapies, which may soon become established in clinical practice.

• #38 Cluster headache – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cluster-headache/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352084

  Cluster headache care at Mayo Clinic […] Our caring team of Mayo Clinic experts can help you with your cluster headache-related health concerns […] There’s no cure for cluster headaches. The goal of treatment is to decrease the pain, shorten the headache period and prevent new attacks. […] Preventive therapy starts at the onset of the cluster period with the goal of stopping the attacks. Once the bout of cluster headache ends, a health care provider helps you gradually stop taking the medicine. […] An occipital nerve block might be useful for relief until long-term medicines start to work. It’s often used in combination with verapamil. […] Living with cluster headache can be hard. Having cluster headache attacks can affect relationships, work and quality of life. […] Talking to a counselor or therapist might help. A headache support group can help you get support and information. Your health care provider might be able to suggest a therapist or a support group in your area.

• #39 What Is Cluster Headache? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/headache/cluster-headache/guide/

  Through a combination of preventive treatments, acute treatments for when a headache develops, and lifestyle modifications, most people with cluster headache find some form of effective relief that lets them live a more normal life. […] Some people with cluster headache find that certain lifestyle changes lead to fewer or less-severe headaches or even help them avoid a cluster period. […] Since cluster headaches can take a serious toll on your mental health, you may benefit from seeing a counselor or psychotherapist with experience helping people cope with chronic, painful health conditions.

• #40 Treatment of Cluster Headache

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5909137/

  Cluster headache (CH) is a debilitating primary headache disorder. […] Given the excruciating nature of the disorder, instituting proper treatment is paramount to improve the quality of life of patients. […] For these reasons, it is important than clinicians are aware of the different treatment options for CH, the evidence base to support their use and their appropriate implementation in clinical practice. […] Treatment for CH is involved three different strategies. The first is abortive, which refers to the treatment of an individual attack. Transitional treatment refers to the treatment given at the onset of a cluster period with the intention of decreasing the frequency of attacks. […] It is important to note that CH is a relatively uncommon disorder, affecting just 0.1% of the population, and there is a paucity of large-scale, controlled clinical trials.

• #41

  https://journals.lww.com/neur/fulltext/2021/69001/cluster_headache__what_s_new_.17.aspx

  Key Message: Cluster headache can be distinguished by the combination of severe unilateral head pain attacks, presence of cranial autonomic symptoms, and duration between 15 and 180 minutes. Attacks should be treated with parenteral triptans and/or high flow oxygen, and prevented with verapamil as first line treatment. […] The management options in CH are divided into acute, preventive, and transitional treatments. […] The most established effective acute treatments for cluster attacks are subcutaneous/intranasal triptans and inhaled high-flow oxygen. […] The most established and well evidenced preventive treatment for CH is verapamil and this should be used as the first line preventive medication. […] Short term use of high dose corticosteroids has been used as a transitional treatment for many years with good effectiveness in clinical practice. […] Suboccipital injection targeting the greater occipital nerve (GON) using local anesthetic agents and/or corticosteroids are well tolerated and effective in the transitional treatment of CH.

• #42 Cluster Headaches: Symptoms and Treatment

  https://patient.info/brain-nerves/headache-leaflet/cluster-headaches

  Cluster headache treatment is divided into treatments to stop (relieve) the pain of a cluster headache, and treatments aimed at preventing the headaches. […] Sumatriptan, given by injection just under the skin, is a commonly used treatment to abort a cluster headache. […] Zolmitriptan nasal spray is an alternative to sumatriptan injection. […] 100% oxygen therapy is an alternative treatment that may be advised, especially if sumatriptan injections or zolmitriptan nasal spray cannot be used or do not work. […] Some medicines are used in an attempt to prevent cluster headaches. Most people with cluster headaches will be prescribed one. […] Verapamil is the most commonly used treatment. […] Lithium is more commonly used to treat bipolar disorder. […] Methysergide can be effective in short-term bouts of cluster headache but cannot be used for more than six months at a time due to potential side-effects.

• #43 Cluster Headache | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2013/0715/p122.html

  Cluster headache causes severe unilateral temporal or periorbital pain, lasting 15 to 180 minutes and accompanied by autonomic symptoms in the nose, eyes, and face. […] Treatment focuses on avoiding triggers and includes abortive therapies, prophylaxis during the cluster period, and long-term treatment in patients with chronic cluster headache. […] Evidence supports the use of supplemental oxygen, sumatriptan, and zolmitriptan for acute treatment of episodic cluster headache. […] Verapamil is first-line prophylactic therapy and can also be used to treat chronic cluster headache. […] Effective management of cluster headache requires the integration of several strategies. Patient education is important, and should focus on managing or avoiding triggers, with an emphasis on smoking cessation, alcohol counseling, and lifestyle modification.

• #44 Management of Cluster Headache | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2005/0215/p717.html

  Cluster headache treatment requires a dual strategy. Acutely, the attack must be aborted or subdued. Concurrently, prophylaxis is initiated to suppress the recurrent headaches expected throughout the remaining cluster period; prophylaxis is continued for the expected duration of the cluster period and then tapered off. Patients with chronic cluster headache require long-term prophylaxis. In patients with intractable headaches, more aggressive intervention, including surgery, may be required. […] The treatments of choice for acute cluster headache are oxygen (7 L per minute for 15 minutes), sumatriptan, or a combination of the two. Both therapies appear to be underprescribed. […] Verapamil in dosages of 360 to 480 mg daily is one of the few treatments for episodic cluster headache tested in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and found effective in reducing attack frequency. This treatment also is underused, with only 4 percent of patients with cluster headache reporting prophylactic verapamil use.

• #45 Treatment of Cluster Headache

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5909137/

  Given the safety and efficacy of oxygen, all patients with CH or who are suspected to have CH warrant a trial of oxygen. […] The main drawback for oxygen is its lack of portability. […] The intranasal triptans are probably less effective than the injectable forms and are contraindicated in those patients with cardiovascular disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and severe hypertension. […] Transitional treatment (or transitional prophylaxis) is employed at the onset of a cluster period to provide rapid cessation or reduction in attack frequency during a short period of time until a long-duration prophylactic agent has its onset of effect. […] The options for oral transitional therapy are rather limited and are essentially restricted to corticosteroids. […] Preventive treatment refers to the recurrent use of a treatment strategy designed to reduce the frequency and/or suppress the attacks during the duration of the patient’s typical cluster period with the goal of reducing the frequency and severity of cluster attacks. […] Most treatments that are available for the preventive treatment of CH are oral medications. […] Overall, occipital nerve stimulation may be a viable option with some enduring efficacy for patients with drug-resistant CH. […] Like any invasive procedure, it is usually reserved for patients who are refractory to conventional therapies.

• #46 Treatment of Cluster Headache

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5909137/

  Given the safety and efficacy of oxygen, all patients with CH or who are suspected to have CH warrant a trial of oxygen. […] The main drawback for oxygen is its lack of portability. […] The intranasal triptans are probably less effective than the injectable forms and are contraindicated in those patients with cardiovascular disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and severe hypertension. […] Transitional treatment (or transitional prophylaxis) is employed at the onset of a cluster period to provide rapid cessation or reduction in attack frequency during a short period of time until a long-duration prophylactic agent has its onset of effect. […] The options for oral transitional therapy are rather limited and are essentially restricted to corticosteroids. […] Preventive treatment refers to the recurrent use of a treatment strategy designed to reduce the frequency and/or suppress the attacks during the duration of the patient’s typical cluster period with the goal of reducing the frequency and severity of cluster attacks. […] Most treatments that are available for the preventive treatment of CH are oral medications. […] Overall, occipital nerve stimulation may be a viable option with some enduring efficacy for patients with drug-resistant CH. […] Like any invasive procedure, it is usually reserved for patients who are refractory to conventional therapies.

• #47 Cluster Headaches: Symptoms and Treatment

  https://patient.info/brain-nerves/headache-leaflet/cluster-headaches

  Cluster headache treatment is divided into treatments to stop (relieve) the pain of a cluster headache, and treatments aimed at preventing the headaches. […] Sumatriptan, given by injection just under the skin, is a commonly used treatment to abort a cluster headache. […] Zolmitriptan nasal spray is an alternative to sumatriptan injection. […] 100% oxygen therapy is an alternative treatment that may be advised, especially if sumatriptan injections or zolmitriptan nasal spray cannot be used or do not work. […] Some medicines are used in an attempt to prevent cluster headaches. Most people with cluster headaches will be prescribed one. […] Verapamil is the most commonly used treatment. […] Lithium is more commonly used to treat bipolar disorder. […] Methysergide can be effective in short-term bouts of cluster headache but cannot be used for more than six months at a time due to potential side-effects.

• #48 Cluster Headache Natural Treatment: Everything You Need to Know

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cluster-headache-natural-treatment

  Medical treatments commonly prescribed for cluster headaches include: oxygen delivered by mask, injectable sumatriptan (Imitrex), intranasal lidocaine, steroids, occipital nerve block. […] While medications and other medical treatments are most often used to treat and prevent cluster headaches, there are things that you can try at home in conjunction with your doctor-prescribed treatments.

• #49 What Is Cluster Headache? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/headache/cluster-headache/guide/

  Cluster headache is a distinct type of headache marked by severe pain on one side of the head. […] If you experience cluster headaches, its important to get an accurate diagnosis so that you can receive effective treatment. Treatment for cluster headache may involve taking a medication preventively to reduce headache frequency and severity, as well as therapies that you use when a headache occurs, according to the Cleveland Clinic. […] The goals of treatment are to reduce headache pain, shorten headache duration, and prevent headaches from occurring in the first place, Mayo Clinic says. […] Preventive treatments for cluster headache are typically used during a cluster period a period of recurring headaches. The goal of these therapies is to prevent the onset of headaches, or to reduce the severity of any headaches that occur.

• #50 Cluster Headache | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2013/0715/p122.html

  Abortive treatments should be used to alleviate acute headaches. Prophylactic therapy should be started and continued for the duration of the expected cluster period, then tapered. […] Patients who have chronic cluster headache should continue maintenance medications indefinitely. […] More invasive treatment options, including surgical interventions, are used only when other treatment modalities are ineffective. […] Verapamil at a minimum dosage of 240 mg per day is first-line prophylaxis for cluster headache. […] Electrocardiographic monitoring is necessary because of potential cardiac effects. […] A double-blind crossover study comparing verapamil and lithium reported a 50% reduction in the headache index for the verapamil group and a 37% reduction for the lithium group. […] Verapamil and lithium are the mainstays of treatment for chronic cluster headache. […] Deep brain stimulation is also an option for refractory chronic cluster headache, although it is not entirely clear how it works.

• #51 Cluster Headaches | Conditions | UCSF Benioff Children’s Hospitals

  https://www.ucsfbenioffchildrens.org/conditions/cluster-headaches

  Cluster headache is rare in adults and even more rare in children and adolescents. Specialty headache care is generally needed to confirm the diagnosis and direct treatment. […] For those with chronic cluster headache, taking medication every day to try to prevent cluster attacks is often helpful. Verapamil, a calcium channel blocker, is often used for this purpose. […] People who have episodic cluster headache often do best treating the individual attacks. High-flow 100 percent oxygen through a non-rebreather mask, or injections of a medication called sumatriptan often help stop attacks. Your headache doctor may also do a small injection over one of the nerves at the back of the head to settle a bout of headaches. […] If your doctor prescribes medication, be sure to ask: How often the medication should be taken, If the medication should be taken with meals or on an empty stomach, What to do if pain or other symptoms persist.

• #52 Cluster Headaches: Symptoms and Treatment

  https://patient.info/brain-nerves/headache-leaflet/cluster-headaches

  Cluster headache treatment is divided into treatments to stop (relieve) the pain of a cluster headache, and treatments aimed at preventing the headaches. […] Sumatriptan, given by injection just under the skin, is a commonly used treatment to abort a cluster headache. […] Zolmitriptan nasal spray is an alternative to sumatriptan injection. […] 100% oxygen therapy is an alternative treatment that may be advised, especially if sumatriptan injections or zolmitriptan nasal spray cannot be used or do not work. […] Some medicines are used in an attempt to prevent cluster headaches. Most people with cluster headaches will be prescribed one. […] Verapamil is the most commonly used treatment. […] Lithium is more commonly used to treat bipolar disorder. […] Methysergide can be effective in short-term bouts of cluster headache but cannot be used for more than six months at a time due to potential side-effects.

• #53 Cluster Headache | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2013/0715/p122.html

  Abortive treatments should be used to alleviate acute headaches. Prophylactic therapy should be started and continued for the duration of the expected cluster period, then tapered. […] Patients who have chronic cluster headache should continue maintenance medications indefinitely. […] More invasive treatment options, including surgical interventions, are used only when other treatment modalities are ineffective. […] Verapamil at a minimum dosage of 240 mg per day is first-line prophylaxis for cluster headache. […] Electrocardiographic monitoring is necessary because of potential cardiac effects. […] A double-blind crossover study comparing verapamil and lithium reported a 50% reduction in the headache index for the verapamil group and a 37% reduction for the lithium group. […] Verapamil and lithium are the mainstays of treatment for chronic cluster headache. […] Deep brain stimulation is also an option for refractory chronic cluster headache, although it is not entirely clear how it works.

• #54 The Cluster Headache: Just Like Clockwork

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/family-resources-education/family-resources-library/the-cluster-headache-just-like-clockwork

  Cluster headaches generally reach their full force within 5 to 10 minutes after onset. […] Most cluster headaches last only 30 to 45 minutes. […] They generally happen at the same time each day. […] A two-pronged approach is used for treatment of cluster headaches: […] To stop or at least control an attack in progress, you may be given high-dose oxygen therapy through a face mask for 15 to 20 minutes. […] The second part of cluster headache treatment is to prevent recurrent attacks by using daily medicine. […] Several medicines are used to prevent cluster headache attacks: […] Verapamil. A medicine that relaxes blood vessels. […] Prednisone. A steroid that reduces inflammation and swelling. […] Lithium carbonate. A medicine that restores the balance of certain brain chemicals. […] Antiseizure medicines. Medicines that may help reduce the number of cluster headaches. […] Galcanezumab is an antibody to calcitonin gene-related peptide receptors shown to reduce cluster headache frequency.

• #55 Cluster Headache Treatments in NYC | Pain Management NYC

  https://www.painmanagementnyc.com/headaches/cluster-headaches/

  Cluster headache treatments typically are designed to reduce the frequency and duration of the clusters. […] Get the most accurate diagnosis and effective cluster headaches treatments in New York City at Pain Management NYC. The best cluster headache specialist provides you with a personalized plan of care and follow-up services to ensure you remain as pain-free as possible. […] Cluster headaches treatment is separated into three groups: […] Treatment at time of attack may include high flow oxygen therapy. Medications, such as Imitrex to alleviate the pain. Sometimes steroids or other anti-inflammatories are ordered. It may take a few attempts to know what cluster headaches treatments work at relieving your pain. […] Preventative treatments rely on discovering what your particular triggers are. When you and your specialist at Pain Management NYC analyze the information you’ve collected, it could assist you on your road to recovery from these devastating attacks. […] Other non-invasive cluster headaches treatments may include seizure medications, nerve blocks or injections. […] Your cluster headache specialist checks all the boxes to ensure you get the proper cluster headache treatments or other treatment as needed.

• #56 The Cluster Headache: Just Like Clockwork

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/family-resources-education/family-resources-library/the-cluster-headache-just-like-clockwork

  Cluster headaches generally reach their full force within 5 to 10 minutes after onset. […] Most cluster headaches last only 30 to 45 minutes. […] They generally happen at the same time each day. […] A two-pronged approach is used for treatment of cluster headaches: […] To stop or at least control an attack in progress, you may be given high-dose oxygen therapy through a face mask for 15 to 20 minutes. […] The second part of cluster headache treatment is to prevent recurrent attacks by using daily medicine. […] Several medicines are used to prevent cluster headache attacks: […] Verapamil. A medicine that relaxes blood vessels. […] Prednisone. A steroid that reduces inflammation and swelling. […] Lithium carbonate. A medicine that restores the balance of certain brain chemicals. […] Antiseizure medicines. Medicines that may help reduce the number of cluster headaches. […] Galcanezumab is an antibody to calcitonin gene-related peptide receptors shown to reduce cluster headache frequency.

• #57 Treatment of Cluster Headache

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5909137/

  Given the safety and efficacy of oxygen, all patients with CH or who are suspected to have CH warrant a trial of oxygen. […] The main drawback for oxygen is its lack of portability. […] The intranasal triptans are probably less effective than the injectable forms and are contraindicated in those patients with cardiovascular disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and severe hypertension. […] Transitional treatment (or transitional prophylaxis) is employed at the onset of a cluster period to provide rapid cessation or reduction in attack frequency during a short period of time until a long-duration prophylactic agent has its onset of effect. […] The options for oral transitional therapy are rather limited and are essentially restricted to corticosteroids. […] Preventive treatment refers to the recurrent use of a treatment strategy designed to reduce the frequency and/or suppress the attacks during the duration of the patient’s typical cluster period with the goal of reducing the frequency and severity of cluster attacks. […] Most treatments that are available for the preventive treatment of CH are oral medications. […] Overall, occipital nerve stimulation may be a viable option with some enduring efficacy for patients with drug-resistant CH. […] Like any invasive procedure, it is usually reserved for patients who are refractory to conventional therapies.

• #58 Cluster Headaches: Symptoms and Treatment

  https://patient.info/brain-nerves/headache-leaflet/cluster-headaches

  Corticosteroids are used in a short burst for two to three weeks in decreasing amounts as a first step to break the headache cycle. […] Nerve blocks are sometimes used in debilitating cluster headaches and these have been shown to be of benefit in around 50% of patients. […] Preventative treatment is often taken intermittently – that is, just for the duration of a cluster period. […] It is often through trial and error that you find out which preventative treatment works best for an individual. […] Many people start with verapamil, built up as quickly as possible to the maximum tolerated dose. […] All the medicines used to prevent cluster headaches have potential side-effects and may not be suitable for everyone.

• #59 Management of Cluster Headache | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2005/0215/p717.html

  Prednisone often is used in prophylaxis, starting at a dosage of 50 to 80 mg daily and tapered over 10 to 12 days. […] To maximize the quality of life in patients with cluster headache, strategies including relaxation, biofeedback, smoking cessation, and alcohol intake reduction should be considered.

• #60 Cluster Headaches: Symptoms and Treatment

  https://patient.info/brain-nerves/headache-leaflet/cluster-headaches

  Corticosteroids are used in a short burst for two to three weeks in decreasing amounts as a first step to break the headache cycle. […] Nerve blocks are sometimes used in debilitating cluster headaches and these have been shown to be of benefit in around 50% of patients. […] Preventative treatment is often taken intermittently – that is, just for the duration of a cluster period. […] It is often through trial and error that you find out which preventative treatment works best for an individual. […] Many people start with verapamil, built up as quickly as possible to the maximum tolerated dose. […] All the medicines used to prevent cluster headaches have potential side-effects and may not be suitable for everyone.

• #61

  https://journals.lww.com/neur/fulltext/2021/69001/cluster_headache__what_s_new_.17.aspx

  Key Message: Cluster headache can be distinguished by the combination of severe unilateral head pain attacks, presence of cranial autonomic symptoms, and duration between 15 and 180 minutes. Attacks should be treated with parenteral triptans and/or high flow oxygen, and prevented with verapamil as first line treatment. […] The management options in CH are divided into acute, preventive, and transitional treatments. […] The most established effective acute treatments for cluster attacks are subcutaneous/intranasal triptans and inhaled high-flow oxygen. […] The most established and well evidenced preventive treatment for CH is verapamil and this should be used as the first line preventive medication. […] Short term use of high dose corticosteroids has been used as a transitional treatment for many years with good effectiveness in clinical practice. […] Suboccipital injection targeting the greater occipital nerve (GON) using local anesthetic agents and/or corticosteroids are well tolerated and effective in the transitional treatment of CH.

• #62 Headaches – cluster Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/report/headaches-cluster

  Cluster headache attacks occur very suddenly and without warning, with the pain peaking within 15 minutes. […] Treatment of cluster headaches focuses on relieving pain when attacks occur, and on preventive strategies to reduce attack duration and frequency. […] Behavioral treatments can be a helpful supplement to drug therapy. […] People should also identify and avoid any triggers, such as alcohol use and cigarette smoking, which may provoke cluster headache attacks. […] Management of cluster headaches focuses on acute therapy for stopping an attack while it is happening and preventive therapy for stopping or reducing attack recurrences. […] The most effective and best-studied treatments for a cluster attack are oxygen inhalation and triptan drugs. […] Behavioral therapies are a helpful accompaniment to drug treatment. […] People should avoid the following triggers that may provoke cluster headache attacks: Alcohol and cigarette smoking.

• #63

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/headache-disorders

  Simple interventions to educate people on medication overuse headaches, migraine triggers and lifestyle modifications are highly effective. Restricting or eliminating alcohol, regular sleep and exercise schedules, healthy diets, staying hydrated and using a headache calendar to identify other triggers are often all that is needed to provide relief.

• #64 Management of Cluster Headache | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2005/0215/p717.html

  Prednisone often is used in prophylaxis, starting at a dosage of 50 to 80 mg daily and tapered over 10 to 12 days. […] To maximize the quality of life in patients with cluster headache, strategies including relaxation, biofeedback, smoking cessation, and alcohol intake reduction should be considered.

• #65 Headaches – cluster Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/report/headaches-cluster

  Cluster headache attacks occur very suddenly and without warning, with the pain peaking within 15 minutes. […] Treatment of cluster headaches focuses on relieving pain when attacks occur, and on preventive strategies to reduce attack duration and frequency. […] Behavioral treatments can be a helpful supplement to drug therapy. […] People should also identify and avoid any triggers, such as alcohol use and cigarette smoking, which may provoke cluster headache attacks. […] Management of cluster headaches focuses on acute therapy for stopping an attack while it is happening and preventive therapy for stopping or reducing attack recurrences. […] The most effective and best-studied treatments for a cluster attack are oxygen inhalation and triptan drugs. […] Behavioral therapies are a helpful accompaniment to drug treatment. […] People should avoid the following triggers that may provoke cluster headache attacks: Alcohol and cigarette smoking.

• #66 Managing Your Cluster Migraines / Headaches – Symptoms & Treatment | Carle.org

  https://carle.org/conditions/neurological-conditions/cluster-headaches

  Many treatments exist for cluster headaches. The goal is to help symptoms because cluster headaches cannot be cured. Certain medicines can prevent more headache attacks. For breakthrough headaches (which occur even with preventive medicine), inhaling pure oxygen may provide some relief. The health care provider may prescribe oxygen therapy for use at home if breakthrough headaches occur often. If attacks are less frequent, drugs given by mouth, such as triptan medications, verapamil, or the steroid methylprednisolone, also work and are more convenient and less expensive than pure oxygen therapy. […] DO keep to an adequate and regular sleep schedule. DO take your medicines as prescribed. DO check with your health care provider before using over-the-counter pain relievers. DO keep your follow-up health care provider appointments. DO call your health care provider if you have a fever with your headache. DO call your health care provider if you have a headache that is more severe than usual and your usual medicine doesn’t help it. DO call your health care provider if you have weakness, numbness, or tingling in your arms or legs or you have trouble walking or talking. DO call your health care provider if you have severe vomiting that your medicine doesn’t control. DO call your health care provider if you have problems with your medicine. […] DONT use alcohol, foods containing nitrates, and tobacco. DONT expose yourself to oil-based solvents; avoid high altitudes and strenuous exercise. These may start an attack.

• #67 Cluster Headache Natural Treatment: Everything You Need to Know

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cluster-headache-natural-treatment

  If you’re considering magnesium supplementation, or any supplementation, be sure to speak to your doctor first. […] While there’s no cure for cluster headaches, making certain lifestyle changes may help you reduce the frequency of headaches. […] A consistent sleep schedule may help improve your circadian rhythm. Research suggests that maintaining a consistent sleep schedule may lead to fewer cluster headaches. […] Smokers tend to have cluster headaches more often compared with nonsmokers. […] While quitting smoking might not cause cluster headaches to stop completely, it may help improve your body’s sleep patterns and nerve responses. […] If you have cluster headaches, the pain alone is reason to seek medical help. […] Talk to your doctor about your symptoms and treatment options. They can recommend a treatment plan that’s right for you.

• #68 Cluster Headache Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments | UPMC

  https://www.upmc.com/services/neurology/services/headache-center/cluster-headache

  Cluster headaches are one of the most painful health issues humans experience. […] But the experts at the UPMC Headache Center have vast training in treating cluster headaches. […] At the UPMC Headache Center, we take a whole-person approach to your care. […] Your doctor will share healthy ways to prevent headaches, such as to: Keep a set sleep schedule. Eat healthy meals and snacks. Drink plenty of water. Don’t skip meals. Work out. Limit stress. Do deep breathing. Limit sugar, alcohol, and caffeine. Don’t smoke. […] Most people need to take medicine to prevent future attacks. […] UPMC offers the most advanced treatments to stop and avoid cluster headache pain. […] With world-class neurologists board-certified in headache medicine, the UPMC Headache Center has the expertise you need.

• #69 Cluster Headache Natural Treatment: Everything You Need to Know

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cluster-headache-natural-treatment

  If you’re considering magnesium supplementation, or any supplementation, be sure to speak to your doctor first. […] While there’s no cure for cluster headaches, making certain lifestyle changes may help you reduce the frequency of headaches. […] A consistent sleep schedule may help improve your circadian rhythm. Research suggests that maintaining a consistent sleep schedule may lead to fewer cluster headaches. […] Smokers tend to have cluster headaches more often compared with nonsmokers. […] While quitting smoking might not cause cluster headaches to stop completely, it may help improve your body’s sleep patterns and nerve responses. […] If you have cluster headaches, the pain alone is reason to seek medical help. […] Talk to your doctor about your symptoms and treatment options. They can recommend a treatment plan that’s right for you.

• #70 Cluster Headache – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544241/

  The neuroscience or pain nurse should educate the patient on avoiding alcohol and the importance of getting good sleep. […] Finally, close follow-up is essential in preventing future attacks. […] Cluster headaches require an interprofessional team approach, including clinicians, specialists, specialty-trained nurses, and pharmacists collaborating across disciplines to achieve optimal patient results.

• #71 Cluster Headache Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments | UPMC

  https://www.upmc.com/services/neurology/services/headache-center/cluster-headache

  Cluster headaches are one of the most painful health issues humans experience. […] But the experts at the UPMC Headache Center have vast training in treating cluster headaches. […] At the UPMC Headache Center, we take a whole-person approach to your care. […] Your doctor will share healthy ways to prevent headaches, such as to: Keep a set sleep schedule. Eat healthy meals and snacks. Drink plenty of water. Don’t skip meals. Work out. Limit stress. Do deep breathing. Limit sugar, alcohol, and caffeine. Don’t smoke. […] Most people need to take medicine to prevent future attacks. […] UPMC offers the most advanced treatments to stop and avoid cluster headache pain. […] With world-class neurologists board-certified in headache medicine, the UPMC Headache Center has the expertise you need.

• #72 Management of Cluster Headache | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2005/0215/p717.html

  Prednisone often is used in prophylaxis, starting at a dosage of 50 to 80 mg daily and tapered over 10 to 12 days. […] To maximize the quality of life in patients with cluster headache, strategies including relaxation, biofeedback, smoking cessation, and alcohol intake reduction should be considered.

• #73 Cluster Headache Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments | UPMC

  https://www.upmc.com/services/neurology/services/headache-center/cluster-headache

  Cluster headaches are one of the most painful health issues humans experience. […] But the experts at the UPMC Headache Center have vast training in treating cluster headaches. […] At the UPMC Headache Center, we take a whole-person approach to your care. […] Your doctor will share healthy ways to prevent headaches, such as to: Keep a set sleep schedule. Eat healthy meals and snacks. Drink plenty of water. Don’t skip meals. Work out. Limit stress. Do deep breathing. Limit sugar, alcohol, and caffeine. Don’t smoke. […] Most people need to take medicine to prevent future attacks. […] UPMC offers the most advanced treatments to stop and avoid cluster headache pain. […] With world-class neurologists board-certified in headache medicine, the UPMC Headache Center has the expertise you need.

• #74 Cluster Headache Natural Treatment: Everything You Need to Know

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cluster-headache-natural-treatment

  While cluster headaches are most often managed with medications and other medical interventions, there may be some things you can also do at home to help ease or prevent symptoms. […] Cluster headaches tend to differ vastly from other types of headaches. They can be very severe and often require medical management. Though they can be very painful, cluster headaches aren’t dangerous. […] Currently, there are few home remedies that are effective and no known cures. […] A 2017 review concluded that evidence for the use of alternative treatments in cluster headaches was lacking or required additional research. […] Oxygen therapy is one of the main treatments for a cluster headache attack. Getting extra oxygen into your bloodstream can calm your body and help you manage pain. […] While there’s limited research into deep breathing techniques and cluster headaches, it may help to utilize them in conjunction with your medications during an attack.

• #75 Cluster Headache Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments | UPMC

  https://www.upmc.com/services/neurology/services/headache-center/cluster-headache

  Cluster headaches are one of the most painful health issues humans experience. […] But the experts at the UPMC Headache Center have vast training in treating cluster headaches. […] At the UPMC Headache Center, we take a whole-person approach to your care. […] Your doctor will share healthy ways to prevent headaches, such as to: Keep a set sleep schedule. Eat healthy meals and snacks. Drink plenty of water. Don’t skip meals. Work out. Limit stress. Do deep breathing. Limit sugar, alcohol, and caffeine. Don’t smoke. […] Most people need to take medicine to prevent future attacks. […] UPMC offers the most advanced treatments to stop and avoid cluster headache pain. […] With world-class neurologists board-certified in headache medicine, the UPMC Headache Center has the expertise you need.

• #76 Management of Cluster Headache | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2005/0215/p717.html

  Prednisone often is used in prophylaxis, starting at a dosage of 50 to 80 mg daily and tapered over 10 to 12 days. […] To maximize the quality of life in patients with cluster headache, strategies including relaxation, biofeedback, smoking cessation, and alcohol intake reduction should be considered.

• #77 Treatment of Cluster Headache

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5909137/

  Given the safety and efficacy of oxygen, all patients with CH or who are suspected to have CH warrant a trial of oxygen. […] The main drawback for oxygen is its lack of portability. […] The intranasal triptans are probably less effective than the injectable forms and are contraindicated in those patients with cardiovascular disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and severe hypertension. […] Transitional treatment (or transitional prophylaxis) is employed at the onset of a cluster period to provide rapid cessation or reduction in attack frequency during a short period of time until a long-duration prophylactic agent has its onset of effect. […] The options for oral transitional therapy are rather limited and are essentially restricted to corticosteroids. […] Preventive treatment refers to the recurrent use of a treatment strategy designed to reduce the frequency and/or suppress the attacks during the duration of the patient’s typical cluster period with the goal of reducing the frequency and severity of cluster attacks. […] Most treatments that are available for the preventive treatment of CH are oral medications. […] Overall, occipital nerve stimulation may be a viable option with some enduring efficacy for patients with drug-resistant CH. […] Like any invasive procedure, it is usually reserved for patients who are refractory to conventional therapies.

• #78 Treatment of Cluster Headache

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5909137/

  Given the safety and efficacy of oxygen, all patients with CH or who are suspected to have CH warrant a trial of oxygen. […] The main drawback for oxygen is its lack of portability. […] The intranasal triptans are probably less effective than the injectable forms and are contraindicated in those patients with cardiovascular disease, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, and severe hypertension. […] Transitional treatment (or transitional prophylaxis) is employed at the onset of a cluster period to provide rapid cessation or reduction in attack frequency during a short period of time until a long-duration prophylactic agent has its onset of effect. […] The options for oral transitional therapy are rather limited and are essentially restricted to corticosteroids. […] Preventive treatment refers to the recurrent use of a treatment strategy designed to reduce the frequency and/or suppress the attacks during the duration of the patient’s typical cluster period with the goal of reducing the frequency and severity of cluster attacks. […] Most treatments that are available for the preventive treatment of CH are oral medications. […] Overall, occipital nerve stimulation may be a viable option with some enduring efficacy for patients with drug-resistant CH. […] Like any invasive procedure, it is usually reserved for patients who are refractory to conventional therapies.

• #79 9. Cluster headache guidance | Right Decisions

  https://rightdecisions.scot.nhs.uk/neurology-pathways/headache/9-cluster-headache-guidance/

  Cluster headache is differentiated into episodic and chronic. […] Acute treatment with subcutaneous sumatriptan may be started in primary care, but referral to secondary care for specialist treatment is recommended. […] High flow oxygen 100% at 10 to 15 litres/minute for 15 to 20 minutes, using a non-rebreathable mask, is effective in aborting acute attacks of cluster headache. […] Patients may use interim measures while waiting for a preventive treatment to have therapeutic effect. […] Peripheral nerve blocks may be used as bridge treatment in episodic Cluster Headache or as rescue treatment in chronic cluster headache. […] Verapamil is widely accepted as the first line preventive treatment for cluster headache. […] Lithium is more commonly used in chronic cluster headache. […] Gammacore is a handheld external device. […] Ideally drugs are avoided in pregnancy. The advice of a headache specialist should be sought.

• #80 Cluster Headache | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2013/0715/p122.html

  Abortive treatments should be used to alleviate acute headaches. Prophylactic therapy should be started and continued for the duration of the expected cluster period, then tapered. […] Patients who have chronic cluster headache should continue maintenance medications indefinitely. […] More invasive treatment options, including surgical interventions, are used only when other treatment modalities are ineffective. […] Verapamil at a minimum dosage of 240 mg per day is first-line prophylaxis for cluster headache. […] Electrocardiographic monitoring is necessary because of potential cardiac effects. […] A double-blind crossover study comparing verapamil and lithium reported a 50% reduction in the headache index for the verapamil group and a 37% reduction for the lithium group. […] Verapamil and lithium are the mainstays of treatment for chronic cluster headache. […] Deep brain stimulation is also an option for refractory chronic cluster headache, although it is not entirely clear how it works.

• #81 Cluster Headache – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544241/

  Cluster headaches are the most common of the primary headache type known as trigeminal autonomic cephalgia. […] This activity reviews the evaluation, treatment, and management of cluster headaches, including recognizing other forms of headache. […] The activity highlights the role of the interprofessional team in evaluating and treating patients with cluster headaches. […] Outline the importance of enhancing care coordination among the interprofessional team to ensure proper evaluation and management of cluster headaches. […] The only level A recommended treatment for the prevention of cluster headaches is a suboccipital blockade. […] The average cluster headache patient can take approximately five years to diagnose, often only after visiting several different clinicians. […] The only way to improve diagnosis and management is with an interprofessional healthcare team dedicated to treating headaches.

• #82 Cluster Headache – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544241/

  The neuroscience or pain nurse should educate the patient on avoiding alcohol and the importance of getting good sleep. […] Finally, close follow-up is essential in preventing future attacks. […] Cluster headaches require an interprofessional team approach, including clinicians, specialists, specialty-trained nurses, and pharmacists collaborating across disciplines to achieve optimal patient results.

• #83 Cluster Headache – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544241/

  The neuroscience or pain nurse should educate the patient on avoiding alcohol and the importance of getting good sleep. […] Finally, close follow-up is essential in preventing future attacks. […] Cluster headaches require an interprofessional team approach, including clinicians, specialists, specialty-trained nurses, and pharmacists collaborating across disciplines to achieve optimal patient results.

• #84 Cluster Headache | Headache and Facial Pain Center | Henry Ford Health – Detroit, MI

  https://www.henryford.com/services/neurology/headache/what-we-treat/cluster-headache

  Cluster headaches are among the most painful kind of headache. But they dont have to control your life. At Henry Ford Health, you have access to preventive therapies and timely care for these pain attacks. Our headache specialists are giving more people hope for healing. […] Our experienced neurologists have advanced training and specialize in the treatment of headaches. We understand the ways cluster headache can affect your life and excel in delivering safe, effective treatment. This level of care leads to more pain-free days, even if previous therapies have not worked. […] Our headache experts design a care plan just for you, including appropriate medications and other therapies designed to relieve your pain. We prescribe medications and devices that are not habit-forming. And we manage the risk of side effects, so you achieve the best possible results.

• #85 Cluster Headache – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544241/

  The neuroscience or pain nurse should educate the patient on avoiding alcohol and the importance of getting good sleep. […] Finally, close follow-up is essential in preventing future attacks. […] Cluster headaches require an interprofessional team approach, including clinicians, specialists, specialty-trained nurses, and pharmacists collaborating across disciplines to achieve optimal patient results.

• #86 Cluster Headache – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544241/

  The neuroscience or pain nurse should educate the patient on avoiding alcohol and the importance of getting good sleep. […] Finally, close follow-up is essential in preventing future attacks. […] Cluster headaches require an interprofessional team approach, including clinicians, specialists, specialty-trained nurses, and pharmacists collaborating across disciplines to achieve optimal patient results.

• #87 Cluster headache – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cluster-headache/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352084

  Cluster headache care at Mayo Clinic […] Our caring team of Mayo Clinic experts can help you with your cluster headache-related health concerns […] There’s no cure for cluster headaches. The goal of treatment is to decrease the pain, shorten the headache period and prevent new attacks. […] Preventive therapy starts at the onset of the cluster period with the goal of stopping the attacks. Once the bout of cluster headache ends, a health care provider helps you gradually stop taking the medicine. […] An occipital nerve block might be useful for relief until long-term medicines start to work. It’s often used in combination with verapamil. […] Living with cluster headache can be hard. Having cluster headache attacks can affect relationships, work and quality of life. […] Talking to a counselor or therapist might help. A headache support group can help you get support and information. Your health care provider might be able to suggest a therapist or a support group in your area.

• #88 Treatment of Cluster Headache

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5909137/

  Cluster headache (CH) is a debilitating primary headache disorder. […] Given the excruciating nature of the disorder, instituting proper treatment is paramount to improve the quality of life of patients. […] For these reasons, it is important than clinicians are aware of the different treatment options for CH, the evidence base to support their use and their appropriate implementation in clinical practice. […] Treatment for CH is involved three different strategies. The first is abortive, which refers to the treatment of an individual attack. Transitional treatment refers to the treatment given at the onset of a cluster period with the intention of decreasing the frequency of attacks. […] It is important to note that CH is a relatively uncommon disorder, affecting just 0.1% of the population, and there is a paucity of large-scale, controlled clinical trials.

• #89 Treatment of Cluster Headache

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5909137/

  Cluster headache (CH) is a debilitating primary headache disorder. […] Given the excruciating nature of the disorder, instituting proper treatment is paramount to improve the quality of life of patients. […] For these reasons, it is important than clinicians are aware of the different treatment options for CH, the evidence base to support their use and their appropriate implementation in clinical practice. […] Treatment for CH is involved three different strategies. The first is abortive, which refers to the treatment of an individual attack. Transitional treatment refers to the treatment given at the onset of a cluster period with the intention of decreasing the frequency of attacks. […] It is important to note that CH is a relatively uncommon disorder, affecting just 0.1% of the population, and there is a paucity of large-scale, controlled clinical trials.

• #90 Cluster Headache – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544241/

  Cluster headaches are the most common of the primary headache type known as trigeminal autonomic cephalgia. […] This activity reviews the evaluation, treatment, and management of cluster headaches, including recognizing other forms of headache. […] The activity highlights the role of the interprofessional team in evaluating and treating patients with cluster headaches. […] Outline the importance of enhancing care coordination among the interprofessional team to ensure proper evaluation and management of cluster headaches. […] The only level A recommended treatment for the prevention of cluster headaches is a suboccipital blockade. […] The average cluster headache patient can take approximately five years to diagnose, often only after visiting several different clinicians. […] The only way to improve diagnosis and management is with an interprofessional healthcare team dedicated to treating headaches.

• #91 Treatment of Cluster Headache

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5909137/

  Cluster headache (CH) is a debilitating primary headache disorder. […] Given the excruciating nature of the disorder, instituting proper treatment is paramount to improve the quality of life of patients. […] For these reasons, it is important than clinicians are aware of the different treatment options for CH, the evidence base to support their use and their appropriate implementation in clinical practice. […] Treatment for CH is involved three different strategies. The first is abortive, which refers to the treatment of an individual attack. Transitional treatment refers to the treatment given at the onset of a cluster period with the intention of decreasing the frequency of attacks. […] It is important to note that CH is a relatively uncommon disorder, affecting just 0.1% of the population, and there is a paucity of large-scale, controlled clinical trials.

• #92 Cluster headache Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/cluster-headache

  A cluster headache is an uncommon type of headache. It is one-sided head pain that may involve tearing of the eyes, a droopy eyelid, and a stuffy nose. […] Treatment for cluster headaches involves: […] Medicines to treat the pain when it happens […] Medicines to prevent the headaches. […] Your provider may recommend the following treatments for when the headaches occur: […] You may need more than one of these treatments to control your headache. Your provider may have you try several medicines before deciding which works best for you. […] Surgical treatment may be recommended for you when all other treatments have failed. […] Avoid smoking, alcohol use, certain foods, and other things that trigger your headaches. […] Review your diary with your provider to identify triggers or a pattern to your headaches. This can help you and your provider create a treatment plan. […] Medicines may prevent cluster headaches in some cases.

• #93 Cluster Headache: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.cluster-headache-care-instructions.uf8015

  Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor if you are having problems. […] Start your treatment right away. Do not wait for the headache to get worse. If your doctor prescribed at-home oxygen therapy to stop a cluster headache, follow the directions for using it. […] Be safe with medicines. Take your medicines exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor if you think you are having a problem with your medicine. […] If your doctor recommends it, take an over-the-counter pain medicine, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), or naproxen (Aleve). […] Tell your doctor if your headaches get worse and medicines don’t help. You may need to try a different medicine. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if: You have a headache that does not get better within 1 or 2 days. Your headaches get worse or happen more often. You are sensitive to light.

• #94

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=uf8015

  Cluster headaches are very painful. They happen on one side of the head and usually occur in groups, or clusters, over weeks or months. This type of headache often starts at night and can last for 30 minutes to several hours. You may have a stuffy nose and watery eyes during the headaches. The cause of cluster headaches is not known. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line (811 in most provinces and territories) if you are having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take. […] If your doctor prescribed at-home oxygen therapy to stop a cluster headache, follow the directions for using it. […] Tell your doctor if your headaches get worse and medicines don’t help. You may need to try a different medicine. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if: You have a headache that does not get better within 1 or 2 days. Your headaches get worse or happen more often.

• #95 Cluster headache Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/cluster-headache

  A cluster headache is an uncommon type of headache. It is one-sided head pain that may involve tearing of the eyes, a droopy eyelid, and a stuffy nose. […] Treatment for cluster headaches involves: […] Medicines to treat the pain when it happens […] Medicines to prevent the headaches. […] Your provider may recommend the following treatments for when the headaches occur: […] You may need more than one of these treatments to control your headache. Your provider may have you try several medicines before deciding which works best for you. […] Surgical treatment may be recommended for you when all other treatments have failed. […] Avoid smoking, alcohol use, certain foods, and other things that trigger your headaches. […] Review your diary with your provider to identify triggers or a pattern to your headaches. This can help you and your provider create a treatment plan. […] Medicines may prevent cluster headaches in some cases.

• #96

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=uf8015

  Cluster headaches are very painful. They happen on one side of the head and usually occur in groups, or clusters, over weeks or months. This type of headache often starts at night and can last for 30 minutes to several hours. You may have a stuffy nose and watery eyes during the headaches. The cause of cluster headaches is not known. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line (811 in most provinces and territories) if you are having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take. […] If your doctor prescribed at-home oxygen therapy to stop a cluster headache, follow the directions for using it. […] Tell your doctor if your headaches get worse and medicines don’t help. You may need to try a different medicine. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if: You have a headache that does not get better within 1 or 2 days. Your headaches get worse or happen more often.

• #97 Cluster Headache – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544241/

  The neuroscience or pain nurse should educate the patient on avoiding alcohol and the importance of getting good sleep. […] Finally, close follow-up is essential in preventing future attacks. […] Cluster headaches require an interprofessional team approach, including clinicians, specialists, specialty-trained nurses, and pharmacists collaborating across disciplines to achieve optimal patient results.

• #98 Cluster Headache | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2013/0715/p122.html

  Abortive treatments should be used to alleviate acute headaches. Prophylactic therapy should be started and continued for the duration of the expected cluster period, then tapered. […] Patients who have chronic cluster headache should continue maintenance medications indefinitely. […] More invasive treatment options, including surgical interventions, are used only when other treatment modalities are ineffective. […] Verapamil at a minimum dosage of 240 mg per day is first-line prophylaxis for cluster headache. […] Electrocardiographic monitoring is necessary because of potential cardiac effects. […] A double-blind crossover study comparing verapamil and lithium reported a 50% reduction in the headache index for the verapamil group and a 37% reduction for the lithium group. […] Verapamil and lithium are the mainstays of treatment for chronic cluster headache. […] Deep brain stimulation is also an option for refractory chronic cluster headache, although it is not entirely clear how it works.

• #99

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=uf8015

  Cluster headaches are very painful. They happen on one side of the head and usually occur in groups, or clusters, over weeks or months. This type of headache often starts at night and can last for 30 minutes to several hours. You may have a stuffy nose and watery eyes during the headaches. The cause of cluster headaches is not known. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line (811 in most provinces and territories) if you are having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take. […] If your doctor prescribed at-home oxygen therapy to stop a cluster headache, follow the directions for using it. […] Tell your doctor if your headaches get worse and medicines don’t help. You may need to try a different medicine. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if: You have a headache that does not get better within 1 or 2 days. Your headaches get worse or happen more often.

• #100 Cluster Headache: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.cluster-headache-care-instructions.uf8015

  Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor if you are having problems. […] Start your treatment right away. Do not wait for the headache to get worse. If your doctor prescribed at-home oxygen therapy to stop a cluster headache, follow the directions for using it. […] Be safe with medicines. Take your medicines exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor if you think you are having a problem with your medicine. […] If your doctor recommends it, take an over-the-counter pain medicine, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), or naproxen (Aleve). […] Tell your doctor if your headaches get worse and medicines don’t help. You may need to try a different medicine. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if: You have a headache that does not get better within 1 or 2 days. Your headaches get worse or happen more often. You are sensitive to light.

• #101 Cluster Headache | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2013/0715/p122.html

  Cluster headache causes severe unilateral temporal or periorbital pain, lasting 15 to 180 minutes and accompanied by autonomic symptoms in the nose, eyes, and face. […] Treatment focuses on avoiding triggers and includes abortive therapies, prophylaxis during the cluster period, and long-term treatment in patients with chronic cluster headache. […] Evidence supports the use of supplemental oxygen, sumatriptan, and zolmitriptan for acute treatment of episodic cluster headache. […] Verapamil is first-line prophylactic therapy and can also be used to treat chronic cluster headache. […] Effective management of cluster headache requires the integration of several strategies. Patient education is important, and should focus on managing or avoiding triggers, with an emphasis on smoking cessation, alcohol counseling, and lifestyle modification.

• #102 Cluster Headache | Headache and Facial Pain Center | Henry Ford Health – Detroit, MI

  https://www.henryford.com/services/neurology/headache/what-we-treat/cluster-headache

  Cluster headaches are among the most painful kind of headache. But they dont have to control your life. At Henry Ford Health, you have access to preventive therapies and timely care for these pain attacks. Our headache specialists are giving more people hope for healing. […] Our experienced neurologists have advanced training and specialize in the treatment of headaches. We understand the ways cluster headache can affect your life and excel in delivering safe, effective treatment. This level of care leads to more pain-free days, even if previous therapies have not worked. […] Our headache experts design a care plan just for you, including appropriate medications and other therapies designed to relieve your pain. We prescribe medications and devices that are not habit-forming. And we manage the risk of side effects, so you achieve the best possible results.

• #103 Cluster headache – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cluster-headache/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352084

  Cluster headache care at Mayo Clinic […] Our caring team of Mayo Clinic experts can help you with your cluster headache-related health concerns […] There’s no cure for cluster headaches. The goal of treatment is to decrease the pain, shorten the headache period and prevent new attacks. […] Preventive therapy starts at the onset of the cluster period with the goal of stopping the attacks. Once the bout of cluster headache ends, a health care provider helps you gradually stop taking the medicine. […] An occipital nerve block might be useful for relief until long-term medicines start to work. It’s often used in combination with verapamil. […] Living with cluster headache can be hard. Having cluster headache attacks can affect relationships, work and quality of life. […] Talking to a counselor or therapist might help. A headache support group can help you get support and information. Your health care provider might be able to suggest a therapist or a support group in your area.

• #104 Cluster Headaches: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment | K Health App

  https://khealth.com/learn/headache/cluster-headaches/

  Cluster headaches are a painful condition in which patients experience severe headaches in cycles, or clusters, followed by pain-free remission periods. […] Patients on a proper cluster headache treatment plan often find their pain and cluster frequency significantly reduced. […] Although there is no cure for cluster headaches, many patients find relief using a variety of medical treatments and techniques to treat and prevent their pain. […] Successful treatment of cluster headaches may include the following: […] Preventive medications are used when a patient is in cycle and reduced once the cycle ends. […] A healthcare provider can recommend specific headache prevention measures based on the regularity and duration of your cluster headaches and whether they are chronic or episodic in nature. […] Providing as much information to your doctor as you can will help them pinpoint the cause of your pain and recommend the best treatment options for you. […] Cluster headaches may be painful but they are treatable with the right healthcare team.

• #105 Cluster Headache | Peter O’Donnell Jr. Brain Institute | Condition | UT Southwestern Medical Center

  https://utswmed.org/conditions-treatments/cluster-headache/

  At UT Southwestern Medical Center, a team of specialists will customize a treatment plan to help people with cluster headaches reclaim their lives. […] Specialists at UT Southwestern offer compassionate, personalized care for people with cluster headaches, from making an accurate diagnosis to creating a comprehensive approach for treating this confounding condition. […] To diagnose cluster headaches, UT Southwestern physicians will conduct a thorough evaluation of a patients medical history and perform a neurological examination. […] Cluster headaches can be a lifelong condition in most patients, although remission periods tend to get longer with age. To reduce the severity and the frequency of these headaches, three aspects of treatment are generally all started at the same time. […] In addition to treating the current attack, steroids might be prescribed to stop the cluster period, sometimes in combination with injection of an anesthetic into the greater occipital nerve. […] Medications are often prescribed to prevent long-term recurrence. […] If cluster headaches persist despite medical treatment, surgical options might be considered.

• #106 Cluster Headache – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK544241/

  The neuroscience or pain nurse should educate the patient on avoiding alcohol and the importance of getting good sleep. […] Finally, close follow-up is essential in preventing future attacks. […] Cluster headaches require an interprofessional team approach, including clinicians, specialists, specialty-trained nurses, and pharmacists collaborating across disciplines to achieve optimal patient results.

Zobacz więcej