Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Hay fever – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hay-fever/symptoms-causes/syc-20373039

  Hay fever, also called allergic rhinitis, causes cold-like symptoms. These may include a runny nose, itchy eyes, congestion, sneezing and sinus pressure. […] Hay fever symptoms can include: Runny nose and nasal stuffiness, called congestion. Watery, itchy, red eyes. Sneezing. Cough. Itchy nose, roof of mouth or throat. Mucus that runs down the back of the throat, called postnasal drip. Swollen, bruised-appearing skin under the eyes, known as allergic shiners. Extreme tiredness and fatigue, often due to poor sleep. […] Your hay fever symptoms may occur year-round or may start or worsen at a particular time of year. These are known as seasonal allergies. […] Symptoms can be similar, so it can be difficult to tell which one you have. […] Many people especially children get used to hay fever symptoms, so they might not seek treatment until the symptoms become severe. But getting the right treatment might offer relief.

• #2 Allergic Rhinitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538186/

  Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an atopic disease presenting with symptoms of sneezing, nasal congestion, clear rhinorrhea, and nasal pruritis. […] Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an atopic disease characterized by symptoms of nasal congestion, clear rhinorrhea, sneezing, postnasal drip, and nasal pruritis. […] Once diagnosed, AR is treatable with a variety of modalities, with intra-nasal glucocorticoids being the first-line therapy. […] Patients with intermittent or seasonal allergic rhinitis have symptoms of sneezing, rhinorrhea, and watery eyes, while patients with chronic AR often complain of postnasal drip, chronic nasal congestion, and obstruction. […] The allergic response is classified into early and late-phase reactions. In the early phase, allergic rhinitis is an immunoglobulin (Ig)E-mediated response against inhaled allergens that cause inflammation driven by type 2 helper (Th2) cells.

• #3 Patient education: Allergic rhinitis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/allergic-rhinitis-beyond-the-basics/print

  Allergic rhinitis affects approximately 20 percent of people of all ages. […] Allergic rhinitis can begin at any age, although most people first develop symptoms in childhood or young adulthood. The symptoms are often most severe in children and in people in their 30s and 40s. However, the severity of symptoms tends to vary throughout a person’s life. Some people go through periods during which they have no symptoms at all. […] The symptoms of allergic rhinitis vary from person to person. Although the term „rhinitis” refers only to the nasal symptoms, many people also have symptoms that affect the eyes, throat, and ears. Sleep may be disrupted as well. Symptoms may include the following: […] With perennial (year-round) allergic rhinitis, the predominant symptoms include postnasal drip, persistent nasal congestion, and trouble sleeping.

• #4 Patient education: Allergic rhinitis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/allergic-rhinitis-beyond-the-basics/print

  Allergic rhinitis affects approximately 20 percent of people of all ages. […] Allergic rhinitis can begin at any age, although most people first develop symptoms in childhood or young adulthood. The symptoms are often most severe in children and in people in their 30s and 40s. However, the severity of symptoms tends to vary throughout a person’s life. Some people go through periods during which they have no symptoms at all. […] The symptoms of allergic rhinitis vary from person to person. Although the term „rhinitis” refers only to the nasal symptoms, many people also have symptoms that affect the eyes, throat, and ears. Sleep may be disrupted as well. Symptoms may include the following: […] With perennial (year-round) allergic rhinitis, the predominant symptoms include postnasal drip, persistent nasal congestion, and trouble sleeping.

• #5 Allergic rhinitis Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/report/allergic-rhinitis

  Allergic rhinitis usually first appears in childhood or early adulthood but it can affect people of all ages. […] Seasonal allergic rhinitis that develops during childhood, on average, tends to diminish with age. […] People who develop allergies after age 20, however, tend to continue to have allergic rhinitis at least into middle age.

• #6 Allergic Rhinitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538186/

  Non-IgE-mediated hyperresponsiveness can develop due to eosinophilic infiltration and nasal mucosal obliteration. […] The nasal mucosa now becomes hyperreactive to normal stimuli (such as tobacco smoke and cold air) and causes symptoms of sneezing, rhinorrhea, and nasal pruritis. […] The prevalence of allergic rhinitis based on physician diagnosis is approximately 15%; however, the prevalence is estimated to be as high as 30% based on patients with nasal symptoms. […] AR is known to peak in the second to fourth decades of life and then gradually decline. […] The incidence of AR in the pediatric population is also quite high, making it one of the most common chronic pediatric disorders. […] According to data from the International Study for Asthma and Allergies in Childhood, 14.6% in the 13 to 14 year age group and 8.5% in the 6 to 7 year age group display symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitis linked to allergic rhinitis.

• #7 Allergic rhinitis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergic_rhinitis

  The pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis involves Th2 Helper T cell and IgE mediated inflammation with overactive function of the adaptive and innate immune systems. The process begins when an aeroallergen penetrates the nasal mucosal barrier. This barrier may be more permeable in susceptible individuals. The allergen is then engulfed by an antigen presenting cell (APC) (such as a dendritic cell). The APC then presents the antigen to a Naive CD4+ helper T cell stimulating it to differentiate into a Th2 helper T cell. The Th2 helper T cell then secretes inflammatory cytokines including IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-14, and IL-31. These inflammatory cytokines stimulate B cells to differentiate into plasma cells and release allergen specific IgE immunoglobulins. The IgE immunoglobulins attach to mast cells. The inflammatory cytokines also recruit inflammatory cells such as basophils, eosinophils and fibroblasts to the area. The person is now sensitized, and upon re-exposure to the allergen, mast cells with allergen specific IgE will bind the allergens and release inflammatory molecules including histamine, leukotrienes, platelet activating factor, prostaglandins and thromboxane with these inflammatory molecules’ local effects on blood vessels (dilation), mucous glands (secrete mucous) and sensory nerves (activation) leading to the clinical signs and symptoms of allergic rhinitis.

• #8 Allergic Rhinitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538186/

  Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an atopic disease presenting with symptoms of sneezing, nasal congestion, clear rhinorrhea, and nasal pruritis. […] Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an atopic disease characterized by symptoms of nasal congestion, clear rhinorrhea, sneezing, postnasal drip, and nasal pruritis. […] Once diagnosed, AR is treatable with a variety of modalities, with intra-nasal glucocorticoids being the first-line therapy. […] Patients with intermittent or seasonal allergic rhinitis have symptoms of sneezing, rhinorrhea, and watery eyes, while patients with chronic AR often complain of postnasal drip, chronic nasal congestion, and obstruction. […] The allergic response is classified into early and late-phase reactions. In the early phase, allergic rhinitis is an immunoglobulin (Ig)E-mediated response against inhaled allergens that cause inflammation driven by type 2 helper (Th2) cells.

• #9 Allergic rhinitis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergic_rhinitis

  The pathophysiology of allergic rhinitis involves Th2 Helper T cell and IgE mediated inflammation with overactive function of the adaptive and innate immune systems. The process begins when an aeroallergen penetrates the nasal mucosal barrier. This barrier may be more permeable in susceptible individuals. The allergen is then engulfed by an antigen presenting cell (APC) (such as a dendritic cell). The APC then presents the antigen to a Naive CD4+ helper T cell stimulating it to differentiate into a Th2 helper T cell. The Th2 helper T cell then secretes inflammatory cytokines including IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-14, and IL-31. These inflammatory cytokines stimulate B cells to differentiate into plasma cells and release allergen specific IgE immunoglobulins. The IgE immunoglobulins attach to mast cells. The inflammatory cytokines also recruit inflammatory cells such as basophils, eosinophils and fibroblasts to the area. The person is now sensitized, and upon re-exposure to the allergen, mast cells with allergen specific IgE will bind the allergens and release inflammatory molecules including histamine, leukotrienes, platelet activating factor, prostaglandins and thromboxane with these inflammatory molecules’ local effects on blood vessels (dilation), mucous glands (secrete mucous) and sensory nerves (activation) leading to the clinical signs and symptoms of allergic rhinitis.

• #10 Allergic Rhinitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538186/

  Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an atopic disease presenting with symptoms of sneezing, nasal congestion, clear rhinorrhea, and nasal pruritis. […] Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an atopic disease characterized by symptoms of nasal congestion, clear rhinorrhea, sneezing, postnasal drip, and nasal pruritis. […] Once diagnosed, AR is treatable with a variety of modalities, with intra-nasal glucocorticoids being the first-line therapy. […] Patients with intermittent or seasonal allergic rhinitis have symptoms of sneezing, rhinorrhea, and watery eyes, while patients with chronic AR often complain of postnasal drip, chronic nasal congestion, and obstruction. […] The allergic response is classified into early and late-phase reactions. In the early phase, allergic rhinitis is an immunoglobulin (Ig)E-mediated response against inhaled allergens that cause inflammation driven by type 2 helper (Th2) cells.

• #11 Allergic Rhinitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538186/

  The initial response occurs within five to 15 minutes of exposure to an antigen, resulting in the degranulation of host mast cells. […] This releases a variety of pre-formed and newly synthesized mediators, including histamine, which is one of the primary mediators of allergic rhinitis. […] Histamine induces sneezing via the trigeminal nerve and also plays a role in rhinorrhea by stimulating mucous glands. […] Other immune mediators, such as leukotrienes and prostaglandins, are also implicated as they act on blood vessels to cause nasal congestion. […] Four to six hours after the initial response, an influx of cytokines, such as interleukins (IL)-4 and IL-13, from mast cells occurs, signifying the development of the late-phase response. […] These cytokines, in turn, facilitate the infiltration of eosinophils, T-lymphocytes, and basophils into the nasal mucosa and produce nasal edema with resultant congestion.

• #12 Allergic Rhinitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538186/

  The initial response occurs within five to 15 minutes of exposure to an antigen, resulting in the degranulation of host mast cells. […] This releases a variety of pre-formed and newly synthesized mediators, including histamine, which is one of the primary mediators of allergic rhinitis. […] Histamine induces sneezing via the trigeminal nerve and also plays a role in rhinorrhea by stimulating mucous glands. […] Other immune mediators, such as leukotrienes and prostaglandins, are also implicated as they act on blood vessels to cause nasal congestion. […] Four to six hours after the initial response, an influx of cytokines, such as interleukins (IL)-4 and IL-13, from mast cells occurs, signifying the development of the late-phase response. […] These cytokines, in turn, facilitate the infiltration of eosinophils, T-lymphocytes, and basophils into the nasal mucosa and produce nasal edema with resultant congestion.

• #13 Allergic Rhinitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538186/

  Non-IgE-mediated hyperresponsiveness can develop due to eosinophilic infiltration and nasal mucosal obliteration. […] The nasal mucosa now becomes hyperreactive to normal stimuli (such as tobacco smoke and cold air) and causes symptoms of sneezing, rhinorrhea, and nasal pruritis. […] The prevalence of allergic rhinitis based on physician diagnosis is approximately 15%; however, the prevalence is estimated to be as high as 30% based on patients with nasal symptoms. […] AR is known to peak in the second to fourth decades of life and then gradually decline. […] The incidence of AR in the pediatric population is also quite high, making it one of the most common chronic pediatric disorders. […] According to data from the International Study for Asthma and Allergies in Childhood, 14.6% in the 13 to 14 year age group and 8.5% in the 6 to 7 year age group display symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitis linked to allergic rhinitis.

• #14 Patient education: Allergic rhinitis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/allergic-rhinitis-beyond-the-basics/print

  Allergic rhinitis affects approximately 20 percent of people of all ages. […] Allergic rhinitis can begin at any age, although most people first develop symptoms in childhood or young adulthood. The symptoms are often most severe in children and in people in their 30s and 40s. However, the severity of symptoms tends to vary throughout a person’s life. Some people go through periods during which they have no symptoms at all. […] The symptoms of allergic rhinitis vary from person to person. Although the term „rhinitis” refers only to the nasal symptoms, many people also have symptoms that affect the eyes, throat, and ears. Sleep may be disrupted as well. Symptoms may include the following: […] With perennial (year-round) allergic rhinitis, the predominant symptoms include postnasal drip, persistent nasal congestion, and trouble sleeping.

• #15 Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8622-allergic-rhinitis-hay-fever

  Allergic rhinitis, also called hay fever, is an allergic reaction that causes sneezing, congestion, itchy nose and watery eyes. Pollen, pet dander, mold and insects can lead to hay fever symptoms. Symptoms of hay fever include sneezing, nasal congestion and irritation of your nose, throat, mouth and eyes. Symptoms of hay fever (allergic rhinitis) occur when your immune system overreacts to something in your environment. Hay fever symptoms can appear throughout the year. Outdoor allergies are worse in the spring, summer and early fall depending on where you live. Symptoms of hay fever include: Nasal stuffiness (congestion), sneezing and runny nose. Itchy nose, throat and eyes. Red or watery eyes. Headaches, sinus pressure and dark circles under your eyes. More mucus in your nose and throat. Tiredness. Sore throat from mucus dripping down your throat (postnasal drip). Wheezing, coughing and trouble breathing. Allergic rhinitis occurs when your body’s immune system reacts to an irritant in the air. The irritants (allergens) are so tiny that you can easily inhale them through your nose or mouth. Allergic rhinitis comes from many allergens, including: Dust mites that live in carpets, drapes, bedding and furniture. Pollen from trees, grass and weeds. Pet dander (tiny flakes of dead skin cells). Mold spores. Cockroaches (their saliva and waste). It varies. Most people find relief from hay fever within a few days with medication, but they must take it continuously until the allergen is out of the air. Some people continue to have symptoms of hay fever for several weeks or months, especially if they aren’t taking or can’t take medication to help relieve symptoms. Hay fever can make you feel miserable, but it generally doesn’t cause serious health problems. Most people with hay fever manage symptoms with lifestyle changes and over-the-counter medication.

• #16 Allergic Rhinitis – Immunology; Allergic Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/immunology-allergic-disorders/allergic-autoimmune-and-other-hypersensitivity-disorders/allergic-rhinitis

  Allergic rhinitis is seasonal or perennial itching, sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, and sometimes conjunctivitis, caused by exposure to pollens or other allergens. […] Patients have itching (in the nose, eyes, or mouth), sneezing, rhinorrhea, and nasal and sinus obstruction. Sinus obstruction may cause frontal headaches; viral or bacterial sinusitis is a frequent complication of allergic rhinitis. Coughing and wheezing may also occur, especially if asthma is also present. […] The most prominent feature of perennial rhinitis is chronic nasal obstruction, which, in children, can lead to chronic otitis media; symptoms vary in severity throughout the year. Itching is less prominent than in seasonal rhinitis. Chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps may develop. […] Signs include edematous, bluish-red nasal turbinates and, in some cases of seasonal allergic rhinitis, conjunctival injection and eyelid edema.

• #17 Allergic rhinitis Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/report/allergic-rhinitis

  Allergic rhinitis is the way some people respond to outdoor or indoor allergens: […] Common symptoms of allergic rhinitis include: Runny nose or nasal congestion, Frequent sneezing, Itchy, watery eyes (allergic conjunctivitis), Itching in nose, throat, or roof of mouth, Cough. […] Symptoms of allergic rhinitis often occur in two phases, early and late. […] The early phase occurs within minutes of exposure to the allergen and includes: Runny nose (discharge is usually clear), Frequent or repetitive sneezing, Red and watery eyes (allergic conjunctivitis), Itching in the eyes, nose, throat, or roof of the mouth. […] Symptoms that may develop several hours or later after exposure commonly include: Nasal congestion, Postnasal drip, Frequent throat clearing (usually related to postnasal drip), Plugged ears, Physical discomfort and fatigue (common in children).

• #18 Allergic Rhinitis – What Is IT, Treatment and Prevention | MedPark Hospital

  https://www.medparkhospital.com/en-US/disease-and-treatment/allergic-rhinitis

  Allergic rhinitis, occurs when allergens like pollen, dust mite droppings, pet hair or dander, insects, and mold trigger allergic reactions, resulting in symptoms such as sneezing, a sore throat, nasal congestion, a runny nose […] Symptoms of perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis can vary from person to person, categorized by the affected organs, including the nose, throat, eyes, and ears. Common symptoms of allergic rhinitis include: Runny nose, nasal congestion, sneezing, postnasal drip, and facial pressure […] In addition to affecting the previously mentioned parts of the body, allergic rhinitis symptoms can interfere with sleep, resulting in symptoms of mouth breathing, snoring, frequent nocturnal awakenings, and daytime sleepiness or fatigue […] It’s worth noting that while symptoms of allergic rhinitis may resemble those of the common cold, a key distinction is that the common cold is more likely to cause muscle aches or fever.

• #19 Allergic Rhinitis (Allergies)

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/allergic-rhinitis/

  Your symptoms can vary, depending on the severity of your allergies. Symptoms can include: Sneezing, Coughing, Itching (mostly eyes, nose, mouth, throat and skin), Runny nose, Stuffy nose, Headache, Pressure in the nose and cheeks, Ear fullness and popping, Sore throat, Watery, red, or swollen eyes, Dark circles under your eyes, Trouble smelling. […] Allergic rhinitis can last several weeks, longer than a cold or the flu. It does not cause fever. The nasal discharge is thin, watery, and clear. Nasal discharge from a cold or the flu tends to be thicker. Itching (mostly in the eyes, nose, mouth, throat, and skin) is common with hay fever but not with a cold or the flu. Sneezing occurs more with hay fever. You may even have severe sneeze attacks. […] Living with the symptoms of allergic rhinitis can affect your daily life. Nasal symptoms can be worse when lying down. This can disturb your ability to sleep well. Fatigue and headaches can affect your ability to function at school and work. […] There is also a link between asthma, eczema, and allergic rhinitis. Therefore, getting good control of allergic rhinitis is crucial for maintaining good control of asthma.

• #20 Allergic rhinitis Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/report/allergic-rhinitis

  Allergic rhinitis is the way some people respond to outdoor or indoor allergens: […] Common symptoms of allergic rhinitis include: Runny nose or nasal congestion, Frequent sneezing, Itchy, watery eyes (allergic conjunctivitis), Itching in nose, throat, or roof of mouth, Cough. […] Symptoms of allergic rhinitis often occur in two phases, early and late. […] The early phase occurs within minutes of exposure to the allergen and includes: Runny nose (discharge is usually clear), Frequent or repetitive sneezing, Red and watery eyes (allergic conjunctivitis), Itching in the eyes, nose, throat, or roof of the mouth. […] Symptoms that may develop several hours or later after exposure commonly include: Nasal congestion, Postnasal drip, Frequent throat clearing (usually related to postnasal drip), Plugged ears, Physical discomfort and fatigue (common in children).

• #21 Allergic rhinitis Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/report/allergic-rhinitis

  Allergic rhinitis is the way some people respond to outdoor or indoor allergens: […] Common symptoms of allergic rhinitis include: Runny nose or nasal congestion, Frequent sneezing, Itchy, watery eyes (allergic conjunctivitis), Itching in nose, throat, or roof of mouth, Cough. […] Symptoms of allergic rhinitis often occur in two phases, early and late. […] The early phase occurs within minutes of exposure to the allergen and includes: Runny nose (discharge is usually clear), Frequent or repetitive sneezing, Red and watery eyes (allergic conjunctivitis), Itching in the eyes, nose, throat, or roof of the mouth. […] Symptoms that may develop several hours or later after exposure commonly include: Nasal congestion, Postnasal drip, Frequent throat clearing (usually related to postnasal drip), Plugged ears, Physical discomfort and fatigue (common in children).

• #22 Nasal Allergy, Rhinitis and Allergic Rhinitis

  https://allergyasthmanetwork.org/allergies/nasal-allergy-allergic-rhinitis/

  Rhinitis symptoms are typical of a cold or any other allergies, including: itching in the nose and eyes, sneezing, stuffy nose, congestion, runny nose, phlegm in the throat, postnasal drip. […] Symptoms that may occur soon after exposure to an allergen: runny nose with clear or pale-colored mucus, sneezing, red, watery eyes, itching around the nose, mouth or eyes. […] Untreated allergic rhinitis symptoms can lead to: nasal congestion (swelling of nasal passages), postnasal drip, coughing, lower respiratory problems, sore throat, headache, decreased sense of smell, ear or sinus infection, puffiness or dark circles under the eyes, fatigue. […] Allergic rhinitis is caused by allergies to pollen. Irritants like smoke, perfume and cleaners can trigger symptoms as well. […] Allergic rhinitis doesn’t apply just to seasonal allergies, though. Allergies to indoor mold, pet dander, dust or dust mites can trigger symptoms.

• #23 Allergic rhinitis Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/report/allergic-rhinitis

  Allergic rhinitis is the way some people respond to outdoor or indoor allergens: […] Common symptoms of allergic rhinitis include: Runny nose or nasal congestion, Frequent sneezing, Itchy, watery eyes (allergic conjunctivitis), Itching in nose, throat, or roof of mouth, Cough. […] Symptoms of allergic rhinitis often occur in two phases, early and late. […] The early phase occurs within minutes of exposure to the allergen and includes: Runny nose (discharge is usually clear), Frequent or repetitive sneezing, Red and watery eyes (allergic conjunctivitis), Itching in the eyes, nose, throat, or roof of the mouth. […] Symptoms that may develop several hours or later after exposure commonly include: Nasal congestion, Postnasal drip, Frequent throat clearing (usually related to postnasal drip), Plugged ears, Physical discomfort and fatigue (common in children).

• #24 Allergic rhinitis Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/allergic-rhinitis

  Allergic rhinitis is a diagnosis associated with a group of symptoms affecting the nose. These symptoms occur when you breathe in something you are allergic to, such as dust, animal dander, or pollen. Symptoms can also occur when you eat a food that you are allergic to. […] Symptoms that occur shortly after you come into contact with the substance you are allergic to may include: Itchy nose, mouth, eyes, throat, skin, or any area; Problems with smell; Runny nose; Sneezing; Watery eyes. […] Symptoms that may develop later include: Stuffy nose (nasal congestion); Coughing; Clogged ears and decreased sense of smell; Sore throat; Dark circles under the eyes; Puffiness under the eyes; Fatigue and irritability; Headache. […] Most symptoms of allergic rhinitis can be treated with medicines. More severe cases need allergy shots. […] Some people, especially children, may outgrow an allergy as the immune system becomes less sensitive to the trigger. But once a substance such as pollen causes allergies, it often continues to have a long-term effect on the person.

• #25 Allergic rhinitis Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/allergic-rhinitis

  Allergic rhinitis is a diagnosis associated with a group of symptoms affecting the nose. These symptoms occur when you breathe in something you are allergic to, such as dust, animal dander, or pollen. Symptoms can also occur when you eat a food that you are allergic to. […] Symptoms that occur shortly after you come into contact with the substance you are allergic to may include: Itchy nose, mouth, eyes, throat, skin, or any area; Problems with smell; Runny nose; Sneezing; Watery eyes. […] Symptoms that may develop later include: Stuffy nose (nasal congestion); Coughing; Clogged ears and decreased sense of smell; Sore throat; Dark circles under the eyes; Puffiness under the eyes; Fatigue and irritability; Headache. […] Most symptoms of allergic rhinitis can be treated with medicines. More severe cases need allergy shots. […] Some people, especially children, may outgrow an allergy as the immune system becomes less sensitive to the trigger. But once a substance such as pollen causes allergies, it often continues to have a long-term effect on the person.

• #26 Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8622-allergic-rhinitis-hay-fever

  Allergic rhinitis, also called hay fever, is an allergic reaction that causes sneezing, congestion, itchy nose and watery eyes. Pollen, pet dander, mold and insects can lead to hay fever symptoms. Symptoms of hay fever include sneezing, nasal congestion and irritation of your nose, throat, mouth and eyes. Symptoms of hay fever (allergic rhinitis) occur when your immune system overreacts to something in your environment. Hay fever symptoms can appear throughout the year. Outdoor allergies are worse in the spring, summer and early fall depending on where you live. Symptoms of hay fever include: Nasal stuffiness (congestion), sneezing and runny nose. Itchy nose, throat and eyes. Red or watery eyes. Headaches, sinus pressure and dark circles under your eyes. More mucus in your nose and throat. Tiredness. Sore throat from mucus dripping down your throat (postnasal drip). Wheezing, coughing and trouble breathing. Allergic rhinitis occurs when your body’s immune system reacts to an irritant in the air. The irritants (allergens) are so tiny that you can easily inhale them through your nose or mouth. Allergic rhinitis comes from many allergens, including: Dust mites that live in carpets, drapes, bedding and furniture. Pollen from trees, grass and weeds. Pet dander (tiny flakes of dead skin cells). Mold spores. Cockroaches (their saliva and waste). It varies. Most people find relief from hay fever within a few days with medication, but they must take it continuously until the allergen is out of the air. Some people continue to have symptoms of hay fever for several weeks or months, especially if they aren’t taking or can’t take medication to help relieve symptoms. Hay fever can make you feel miserable, but it generally doesn’t cause serious health problems. Most people with hay fever manage symptoms with lifestyle changes and over-the-counter medication.

• #27 Allergic Rhinitis: Types, Symptoms, Treatment Options and Testing

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/allergic-rhinitis-hay-fever

  Allergic rhinitis (rie NIE tis) is a condition that occurs when the body (the immune system) overreacts to something in the environment (triggers) that most people have no problem with. […] If your child has allergic rhinitis, you may notice some of these symptoms: Itchy nose, mouth or eyes, Stuffy nose (nasal congestion) or runny nose, Frequent sneezing, Mouth-breathing or snoring, Red, watery, itchy eyes, Puffy eyelids, Dark circles under the eyes (allergic shiners), Cough (especially at night) caused by drainage from the nose going down the back of the throat, Headaches, Some loss of smell, Ears „popping” or crackling, Feeling tired, Not able to focus, poor concentration. […] Symptoms may improve by making small changes at home. […] If your child’s symptoms do not improve, the doctor may refer him or her to an allergist for more testing. The tests can help identify what allergies he has. In some cases, allergy shots (injections) may be recommended.

• #28 Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8622-allergic-rhinitis-hay-fever

  Allergic rhinitis, also called hay fever, is an allergic reaction that causes sneezing, congestion, itchy nose and watery eyes. Pollen, pet dander, mold and insects can lead to hay fever symptoms. Symptoms of hay fever include sneezing, nasal congestion and irritation of your nose, throat, mouth and eyes. Symptoms of hay fever (allergic rhinitis) occur when your immune system overreacts to something in your environment. Hay fever symptoms can appear throughout the year. Outdoor allergies are worse in the spring, summer and early fall depending on where you live. Symptoms of hay fever include: Nasal stuffiness (congestion), sneezing and runny nose. Itchy nose, throat and eyes. Red or watery eyes. Headaches, sinus pressure and dark circles under your eyes. More mucus in your nose and throat. Tiredness. Sore throat from mucus dripping down your throat (postnasal drip). Wheezing, coughing and trouble breathing. Allergic rhinitis occurs when your body’s immune system reacts to an irritant in the air. The irritants (allergens) are so tiny that you can easily inhale them through your nose or mouth. Allergic rhinitis comes from many allergens, including: Dust mites that live in carpets, drapes, bedding and furniture. Pollen from trees, grass and weeds. Pet dander (tiny flakes of dead skin cells). Mold spores. Cockroaches (their saliva and waste). It varies. Most people find relief from hay fever within a few days with medication, but they must take it continuously until the allergen is out of the air. Some people continue to have symptoms of hay fever for several weeks or months, especially if they aren’t taking or can’t take medication to help relieve symptoms. Hay fever can make you feel miserable, but it generally doesn’t cause serious health problems. Most people with hay fever manage symptoms with lifestyle changes and over-the-counter medication.

• #29 Rhinitis (Hay Fever)

  https://www.aaaai.org/tools-for-the-public/conditions-library/allergies/rhinitis-(hay-fever)

  Rhinitis can contribute to other problems such as asthma, sinus or ear conditions, or trouble sleeping. […] Seasonal allergic rhinitis, commonly known as hay fever, is triggered by outdoor allergens such as pollen and mold spores. Some people have symptoms year-round due to indoor allergens from pets, mold, dust mites and cockroach residue. This is called perennial allergic rhinitis. […] The first step to manage this condition is to avoid allergens that cause symptoms. […] Nasal corticosteroid sprays control inflammation and reduce all symptoms of allergic rhinitis, including itching, sneezing, runny nose and stuffiness. Antihistamines in the form of liquid, pills or nasal sprays block histamine and may relieve itching, sneezing and runny nose. […] More importantly, an allergist can screen you for allergic asthma, which is common for rhinitis patients. Your allergist may also recommend allergy immunotherapy, also known as allergy shots or tablets. This treatment involves receiving injections or taking tablets periodically over a period of three to five years. They have been proven effective in decreasing sensitivity to allergens, sometimes permanently.

• #30 Allergic Rhinitis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/134825-clinical

  Determine the time pattern of symptoms and whether symptoms occur at a consistent level throughout the year (ie, perennial rhinitis), only occur in specific seasons (ie, seasonal rhinitis), or a combination of the two. Determine whether the symptoms are present all day or only at specific times during the day. This information can help suggest the diagnosis and determine possible triggers. […] According to the Allergic Rhinits and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) study, allergic rhinitis is classified by frequency and severity of symptoms. A patient has intermittent allergic rhinitis if symptoms occur less than 4 days a week or 4 weeks of the year. Persistent allergic rhinitis is labeled if symptoms occur more than 4 days per week and more than 4 weeks of the year. Symptoms are classified as mild when quality of life is not affected. Symptoms are moderate to severe if patients have at least one of the following: sleep disturbance, impairment of daily activities, sports, or leisure, impairment of school or work, or troublesome symptoms.

• #31 Hay Fever (Rhinitis) | Symptoms & Treatment | ACAAI Public Website

  https://acaai.org/allergies/allergic-conditions/hay-fever/

  There are two types of allergic rhinitis: Seasonal: Symptoms can occur in spring, summer, and early fall. They are usually caused by sensitivity to airborne mold spores or to pollens from trees, grasses, or weeds. Perennial: Symptoms occur year-round and are generally caused by sensitivity to dust mites, pet hair or dander, cockroaches or mold. […] Many parents of children with allergic rhinitis have said that their children are more moody and irritable during allergy season. […] Symptoms of allergic rhinitis have other causes as well, the most customary being the common cold – an example of infectious rhinitis. Most infections are relatively short-lived, with symptoms improving in three to seven days. […] Many people have recurrent or chronic nasal congestion, excess mucus production, itching and other nasal symptoms similar to those of allergic rhinitis. In those cases, an allergy may not be the cause.

• #32 Hay Fever? | What is Allergic Rhinitis?

  https://www.nationaljewish.org/conditions/allergic-rhinitis

  Seasonal allergic rhinitis (more commonly known as hay fever) is mainly an allergy caused by outdoor allergens, such as tree, grass and weed pollens, as well as some mold spores. If you sneeze and have a runny or stuffy nose during the spring, summer or fall allergy seasons, you may have hay fever. Hay fever is the most common type of allergy problem, and symptoms include sneezing; itching; runny or stuffy nose; and red, watery eyes. […] It’s important to know about the different types of rhinitis, because often a person has more than one type for a physician to diagnose and treat.

• #33 Nasal Allergy, Rhinitis and Allergic Rhinitis

  https://allergyasthmanetwork.org/allergies/nasal-allergy-allergic-rhinitis/

  Seasonal rhinitis is the specific term for allergic rhinitis caused by pollen from allergens. […] With seasonal rhinitis, symptoms occur mainly during spring and fall, when outdoor allergens are more common. […] Perennial rhinitis is a chronic allergic condition. Symptoms are present most days of the year. […] Perennial rhinitis is often caused by indoor allergens that are present year-round, such as dust mites, pet dander, cockroaches, rodents, mold. […] Pregnancy rhinitis is common. It happens when a pregnant woman has congestion or a runny nose without having an illness or allergies. […] Pregnancy rhinitis can start at any point during pregnancy but it seems to happen most often during the second trimester. […] Chronic symptoms usually resolve a week or two after giving birth.

• #34 Allergic rhinitis – self-care: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000547.htm

  Allergic rhinitis is a group of symptoms that affect your nose. They occur when you breathe in something you are allergic to, such as dust mites, animal dander, or pollen. […] The amount of pollen in the air can affect whether hay fever symptoms develop. More pollen is in the air on hot, dry, windy days. On cool, damp, rainy days, most pollen is washed to the ground. […] You have severe allergy or hay fever symptoms. Your symptoms do not get better when you treat them. You are wheezing or coughing more.

• #35 Allergic Rhinitis (Allergies)

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/allergic-rhinitis/

  Allergic rhinitis is the medical term for hay fever or nasal allergies. By definition, allergic rhinitis is swelling of the nasal passages caused by allergens. It’s important to note that while many people refer to it as hay fever, it is not caused by hay. Nor does is cause a fever. Allergic rhinitis is triggered by having allergies. You have an allergy when your body overreacts to things that don’t cause problems for most people. These things are called allergens. […] There are 2 forms of allergic rhinitis: Seasonal (hay fever): Caused by an allergy to pollen and/or mold spores in the air. Pollen is the fine powder that comes from flowering plants. It can be carried through the air and is easily inhaled. Symptoms are seasonal and usually occur in spring, late summer, and fall. This is the most common form of allergy. […] Perennial: Caused by other allergens such as dust mites, pet hair or dander, or mold. Symptoms occur year-round.

• #36 Hay Fever (Rhinitis) | Symptoms & Treatment | ACAAI Public Website

  https://acaai.org/allergies/allergic-conditions/hay-fever/

  There are two types of allergic rhinitis: Seasonal: Symptoms can occur in spring, summer, and early fall. They are usually caused by sensitivity to airborne mold spores or to pollens from trees, grasses, or weeds. Perennial: Symptoms occur year-round and are generally caused by sensitivity to dust mites, pet hair or dander, cockroaches or mold. […] Many parents of children with allergic rhinitis have said that their children are more moody and irritable during allergy season. […] Symptoms of allergic rhinitis have other causes as well, the most customary being the common cold – an example of infectious rhinitis. Most infections are relatively short-lived, with symptoms improving in three to seven days. […] Many people have recurrent or chronic nasal congestion, excess mucus production, itching and other nasal symptoms similar to those of allergic rhinitis. In those cases, an allergy may not be the cause.

• #37 Allergic Rhinitis – Immunology; Allergic Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/immunology-allergic-disorders/allergic-autoimmune-and-other-hypersensitivity-disorders/allergic-rhinitis

  Allergic rhinitis is seasonal or perennial itching, sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, and sometimes conjunctivitis, caused by exposure to pollens or other allergens. […] Patients have itching (in the nose, eyes, or mouth), sneezing, rhinorrhea, and nasal and sinus obstruction. Sinus obstruction may cause frontal headaches; viral or bacterial sinusitis is a frequent complication of allergic rhinitis. Coughing and wheezing may also occur, especially if asthma is also present. […] The most prominent feature of perennial rhinitis is chronic nasal obstruction, which, in children, can lead to chronic otitis media; symptoms vary in severity throughout the year. Itching is less prominent than in seasonal rhinitis. Chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps may develop. […] Signs include edematous, bluish-red nasal turbinates and, in some cases of seasonal allergic rhinitis, conjunctival injection and eyelid edema.

• #38 Allergic Rhinitis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/134825-clinical

  Determine the time pattern of symptoms and whether symptoms occur at a consistent level throughout the year (ie, perennial rhinitis), only occur in specific seasons (ie, seasonal rhinitis), or a combination of the two. Determine whether the symptoms are present all day or only at specific times during the day. This information can help suggest the diagnosis and determine possible triggers. […] According to the Allergic Rhinits and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) study, allergic rhinitis is classified by frequency and severity of symptoms. A patient has intermittent allergic rhinitis if symptoms occur less than 4 days a week or 4 weeks of the year. Persistent allergic rhinitis is labeled if symptoms occur more than 4 days per week and more than 4 weeks of the year. Symptoms are classified as mild when quality of life is not affected. Symptoms are moderate to severe if patients have at least one of the following: sleep disturbance, impairment of daily activities, sports, or leisure, impairment of school or work, or troublesome symptoms.

• #39 Allergic rhinitis (hay fever) – Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy (ASCIA)

  https://www.allergy.org.au/patients/allergic-rhinitis-hay-fever-and-sinusitis/allergic-rhinitis-or-hay-fever

  Symptoms may be mild to moderate, where day to day function is not affected. […] Severe symptoms affect day to day function and may lead to: Sleep disturbance, Daytime tiredness, Headaches, Poor concentration. […] If allergic rhinitis is not well managed or symptoms are left untreated, it can lead to: Recurrent ear infections in children, Recurrent sinus infections in adults, Increased risk of developing asthma, and more episodes of asthma symptoms for those who already have it.

• #40

  https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/allergic-rhinitis/

  Allergic rhinitis causes cold-like symptoms. These include sneezing, itchiness and a blocked or runny nose. […] Symptoms usually start soon after you’re exposed to an allergen. […] Some people only get allergic rhinitis for a few months at a time. This is because they’re sensitive to seasonal allergens, such as tree or grass pollen. Other people get allergic rhinitis all year round. […] Most people with allergic rhinitis have mild symptoms. […] But for some people, symptoms can be severe and persistent. They can cause sleep problems and interfere with everyday life. […] The symptoms of allergic rhinitis can improve with time. But this can take many years. It’s unlikely that the condition will disappear completely.

• #41 Progression of Allergic Rhinitis: Worsening Symptoms Over Time – Pulmonology Advisor

  https://www.pulmonologyadvisor.com/news/progression-of-allergic-rhinitis-worsening-symptoms-over-time/

  Patients with local allergic rhinitis show worsening of rhinitis, greater tendency toward development of asthma, and impairment of quality of life after 10 years, but have a similar rate of development of allergic rhinitis with systemic atopy as controls, according to research published online in Allergy. […] The researchers found that patients with local allergic rhinitis experienced a significant and clinically relevant worsening of the rhinitis after 10 years, with increase of emergency assistance, development of asthma, loss of allergen tolerance, and impairment of quality of life. After 5 years, the worsening became significant, and progressed throughout 10 years. […] [Local allergic rhinitis] is a well-differentiated clinical entity with a low rate of development of systemic atopy, a natural evolution towards worsening, and a risk factor for suffering asthma, the authors write.

• #42 Progression of Allergic Rhinitis: Worsening Symptoms Over Time – Pulmonology Advisor

  https://www.pulmonologyadvisor.com/news/progression-of-allergic-rhinitis-worsening-symptoms-over-time/

  Patients with local allergic rhinitis show worsening of rhinitis, greater tendency toward development of asthma, and impairment of quality of life after 10 years, but have a similar rate of development of allergic rhinitis with systemic atopy as controls, according to research published online in Allergy. […] The researchers found that patients with local allergic rhinitis experienced a significant and clinically relevant worsening of the rhinitis after 10 years, with increase of emergency assistance, development of asthma, loss of allergen tolerance, and impairment of quality of life. After 5 years, the worsening became significant, and progressed throughout 10 years. […] [Local allergic rhinitis] is a well-differentiated clinical entity with a low rate of development of systemic atopy, a natural evolution towards worsening, and a risk factor for suffering asthma, the authors write.

• #43 Allergic rhinitis Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/report/allergic-rhinitis

  Allergic rhinitis usually first appears in childhood or early adulthood but it can affect people of all ages. […] Seasonal allergic rhinitis that develops during childhood, on average, tends to diminish with age. […] People who develop allergies after age 20, however, tend to continue to have allergic rhinitis at least into middle age.

• #44 Allergic rhinitis (hay fever) – Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy (ASCIA)

  https://www.allergy.org.au/patients/allergic-rhinitis-hay-fever-and-sinusitis/allergic-rhinitis-or-hay-fever

  Symptoms may be mild to moderate, where day to day function is not affected. […] Severe symptoms affect day to day function and may lead to: Sleep disturbance, Daytime tiredness, Headaches, Poor concentration. […] If allergic rhinitis is not well managed or symptoms are left untreated, it can lead to: Recurrent ear infections in children, Recurrent sinus infections in adults, Increased risk of developing asthma, and more episodes of asthma symptoms for those who already have it.

• #45 Allergic rhinitis | Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology | Full Text

  https://aacijournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13223-024-00923-6

  Symptoms are considered moderate/severe if they significantly affect sleep or activities of daily living, and/or if they are perceived as bothersome. […] The treatment goal for AR is relief of symptoms. Therapeutic options available to achieve this goal include avoidance measures, nasal saline irrigation, oral antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids, combination intranasal corticosteroid/antihistamine sprays, leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs), and allergen immunotherapy. […] Intranasal corticosteroids are a first-line therapy for patients with AR and they can be used alone or in combination with oral antihistamines. […] The most common side effects of intranasal corticosteroids are nasal irritation and stinging. […] It is important to note that most patients with AR presenting to their primary-care physician have moderate-to-severe symptoms and will require an intranasal corticosteroid.

• #46 Allergic rhinitis | Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology | Full Text

  https://aacijournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13223-024-00923-6

  Symptoms are considered moderate/severe if they significantly affect sleep or activities of daily living, and/or if they are perceived as bothersome. […] The treatment goal for AR is relief of symptoms. Therapeutic options available to achieve this goal include avoidance measures, nasal saline irrigation, oral antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids, combination intranasal corticosteroid/antihistamine sprays, leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs), and allergen immunotherapy. […] Intranasal corticosteroids are a first-line therapy for patients with AR and they can be used alone or in combination with oral antihistamines. […] The most common side effects of intranasal corticosteroids are nasal irritation and stinging. […] It is important to note that most patients with AR presenting to their primary-care physician have moderate-to-severe symptoms and will require an intranasal corticosteroid.

• #47 Allergic rhinitis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6156899/

  Allergic rhinitis is a common disorder that is strongly linked to asthma and conjunctivitis. The classic symptoms of the disorder are nasal congestion, nasal itch, rhinorrhea and sneezing. Allergic rhinitis is the most common type of chronic rhinitis, affecting 10-20% of the population, and evidence suggests that the prevalence of the disorder is increasing. Severe allergic rhinitis has been associated with significant impairments in quality of life, sleep and work performance. In allergic rhinitis, numerous inflammatory cells, including mast cells, CD4-positive T cells, B cells, macrophages, and eosinophils, infiltrate the nasal lining upon exposure to an inciting allergen. The mediators and cytokines released during the early phase of an immune response to an inciting allergen trigger a further cellular inflammatory response over the next 48 h (late-phase inflammatory response) which results in recurrent symptoms (usually nasal congestion) that often persist. The symptoms of LAR are similar to those provoked in patients with allergic rhinitis, and the assumption is that LAR is an IgE-mediated disease based on both clinical findings and the detection of specific IgE in the nasal mucosa. Allergic rhinitis is usually a long-standing condition that often goes undetected in the primary-care setting. Patients suffering from the disorder often fail to recognize the impact of the disorder on quality of life and functioning and, therefore, do not frequently seek medical attention. The physical examination of patients with suspected allergic rhinitis should include an assessment of outward signs, the nose, ears, sinuses, posterior oropharynx, chest and skin. The treatment goal for allergic rhinitis is relief of symptoms. The second-generation oral antihistamines are the first-line pharmacological treatments recommended for all patients with allergic rhinitis. Intranasal corticosteroids are also first-line therapeutic options for patients with mild persistent or moderate/severe symptoms and they can be used alone or in combination with oral antihistamines. Allergen immunotherapy is an effective immune-modulating treatment that should be recommended if pharmacologic therapy for allergic rhinitis is not effective or is not tolerated.

• #48 Hay fever (allergic rhinitis): Symptoms & treatment | Allergy Insider

  https://www.thermofisher.com/allergy/us/en/living-with-allergies/seasonal-allergies/hay-fever-allergic-rhinitis.html

  Hay fever (allergic rhinitis) is an allergic reaction that happens when your immune system overreacts to outdoor or indoor allergens like pollen, dust mites or pet dander. The symptoms can include a runny nose, itchy eyes, congestion and sneezing. It can pop up seasonally, especially in the spring and fall, or stick around all year, depending on what you’re allergic to. […] Hay fever can come with a pesky set of relentless symptoms and vary from person to person. Some of the most common symptoms include: Watery, itchy or red eyes, Runny nose, congestion, Cough, Sneezing, Postnasal drip, Dark circles under the eyes (allergic shiners), Fatigue (often due to poor sleep). […] The duration of hay fever depends on what’s causing it. If it’s a seasonal allergy, like tree or grass pollen, it could last a few weeks to a few months, generally if the plants are pollinating. This usually happens during the spring allergy season, summertime, and in the fall. If you’re allergic to something that’s around all year, like dust mites or pet dander, you might have symptoms at any time. […] If your symptoms are wreaking havoc on your day-to-day life, you have other health issues like asthma or sleep apnea, or are interested in long-term solutions, you should consider seeing a healthcare provider.

• #49 Chronic Rhinitis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://www.healthline.com/health/chronic-rhinitis

  Rhinitis, or inflammation of the inner lining of the nose, becomes chronic when it lasts more than 12 weeks. […] Chronic nasal inflammation lasts over a long period of time, typically longer than 12 weeks. […] Most often, allergies cause chronic rhinitis. […] Allergic rhinitis: Also known as hay fever, this can occur because of an allergic response to specific allergens, such as pollen, dust, or pet dander. […] In allergic rhinitis, allergens in the air bind with a substance called immunoglobulin E (IgE) in the nose. Your body releases a chemical called histamine to help defend against the allergen. This histamine release results in allergic rhinitis symptoms. […] The main symptom of chronic rhinitis is nasal congestion or a stuffy nose. […] Both allergic and nonallergic rhinitis share many of the same symptoms, but there are a few key differences.

• #50 Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8622-allergic-rhinitis-hay-fever

  Allergic rhinitis, also called hay fever, is an allergic reaction that causes sneezing, congestion, itchy nose and watery eyes. Pollen, pet dander, mold and insects can lead to hay fever symptoms. Symptoms of hay fever include sneezing, nasal congestion and irritation of your nose, throat, mouth and eyes. Symptoms of hay fever (allergic rhinitis) occur when your immune system overreacts to something in your environment. Hay fever symptoms can appear throughout the year. Outdoor allergies are worse in the spring, summer and early fall depending on where you live. Symptoms of hay fever include: Nasal stuffiness (congestion), sneezing and runny nose. Itchy nose, throat and eyes. Red or watery eyes. Headaches, sinus pressure and dark circles under your eyes. More mucus in your nose and throat. Tiredness. Sore throat from mucus dripping down your throat (postnasal drip). Wheezing, coughing and trouble breathing. Allergic rhinitis occurs when your body’s immune system reacts to an irritant in the air. The irritants (allergens) are so tiny that you can easily inhale them through your nose or mouth. Allergic rhinitis comes from many allergens, including: Dust mites that live in carpets, drapes, bedding and furniture. Pollen from trees, grass and weeds. Pet dander (tiny flakes of dead skin cells). Mold spores. Cockroaches (their saliva and waste). It varies. Most people find relief from hay fever within a few days with medication, but they must take it continuously until the allergen is out of the air. Some people continue to have symptoms of hay fever for several weeks or months, especially if they aren’t taking or can’t take medication to help relieve symptoms. Hay fever can make you feel miserable, but it generally doesn’t cause serious health problems. Most people with hay fever manage symptoms with lifestyle changes and over-the-counter medication.

• #51 Allergic Rhinitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538186/

  Risk factors for developing AR include a family history of atopy, male sex, a presence of allergen-specific IgE, a serum IgE greater than 100 IU/mL before age 6, and higher socioeconomic status. […] Patients with AR may also present with associated allergic conjunctivitis, non-productive cough, Eustachian tube dysfunction, and chronic sinusitis. […] A systematic review from 2018 estimated that 3.6% of adults had missed work, and 36% had impaired work performance due to allergic rhinitis. […] Chronic rhinosinusitis, although distinct from allergic rhinitis, can be a complication of AR. […] It is also known that sensitization to allergens in AR can alter the immunological parameters of the adenoids, resulting in adenoid hypertrophy. […] Approximately 10 to 40% of patients with AR also have concurrent asthma, and some studies suggest asthma is more common in moderate to severe persistent rhinitis.

• #52 Allergic rhinitis (hay fever) – Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy (ASCIA)

  https://www.allergy.org.au/patients/allergic-rhinitis-hay-fever-and-sinusitis/allergic-rhinitis-or-hay-fever

  Symptoms may be mild to moderate, where day to day function is not affected. […] Severe symptoms affect day to day function and may lead to: Sleep disturbance, Daytime tiredness, Headaches, Poor concentration. […] If allergic rhinitis is not well managed or symptoms are left untreated, it can lead to: Recurrent ear infections in children, Recurrent sinus infections in adults, Increased risk of developing asthma, and more episodes of asthma symptoms for those who already have it.

• #53 Allergic rhinitis (hay fever) – Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy (ASCIA)

  https://www.allergy.org.au/patients/allergic-rhinitis-hay-fever-and-sinusitis/allergic-rhinitis-or-hay-fever

  Symptoms may be mild to moderate, where day to day function is not affected. […] Severe symptoms affect day to day function and may lead to: Sleep disturbance, Daytime tiredness, Headaches, Poor concentration. […] If allergic rhinitis is not well managed or symptoms are left untreated, it can lead to: Recurrent ear infections in children, Recurrent sinus infections in adults, Increased risk of developing asthma, and more episodes of asthma symptoms for those who already have it.

• #54 Pediatric allergic rhinitis (nasal allergies) – Children’s Health Allergy

  https://www.childrens.com/specialties-services/conditions/allergic-rhinitis

  Allergic rhinitis is also known as seasonal allergies, hay fever or nasal allergies, and is characterized by itchy, watery eyes, sneezing and other sinus symptoms. It is triggered by allergens such as pollen, mold or dust that enter the body through the nose or mouth (inhalant allergens). […] This response causes nasal passages, sinuses and eyes to swell and can create other symptoms such as coughing, sneezing or watery eyes. These symptoms are a result of the body trying to get rid of the allergens or prevent them from entering. […] Allergic rhinitis symptoms occur when a person inhales something they are allergic to. […] Common allergens include: Dust, Mold, Pet dander, Pollen (weeds, grasses, trees). […] Allergic rhinitis occurs when your immune system mounts a response to an inhaled allergen, such as mold, weeds or pet dander. Your body mistakes the substance for a germ or bacteria and attempts to expel the foreign body with a response. That response may include symptoms such as watery eyes, nasal congestion or coughing. […] There is no cure for allergic rhinitis, but effective management of triggers can reduce the severity and frequency of symptoms. […] Long-lasting allergic rhinitis can lead to sinusitis, clogged ears and ear infections, sleep apnea and asthma. It can also lead to an overall feeling of malaise.

• #55 Hay fever (allergic rhinitis) – symptoms, treatments and causes | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/hay-fever

  Hay fever (also known as allergic rhinitis) is an allergic reaction that happens when your immune system responds to an allergen (a substance you are sensitive to). […] Hay fever causes symptoms such as sneezing, a runny nose and watery, itchy eyes. […] Common symptoms of hay fever include: an itchy, runny or blocked nose, itchy or watery eyes, sneezing, mouth breathing, needing to clear your throat, feeling like you have a cold that won’t go away, snoring during sleep. […] If your hay fever is severe, you may also have: interrupted sleep this may lead to feeling tired during the day, difficulty concentrating, headaches. […] Complications of hay fever may include: disturbed sleep, tiredness during the day, headaches, poor concentration. […] Hay fever may also trigger frequent ear infections in children and sinus infections in adults. Untreated hay fever may also increase your risk of developing asthma or make asthma harder to control.

• #56 Allergic Rhinitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538186/

  Risk factors for developing AR include a family history of atopy, male sex, a presence of allergen-specific IgE, a serum IgE greater than 100 IU/mL before age 6, and higher socioeconomic status. […] Patients with AR may also present with associated allergic conjunctivitis, non-productive cough, Eustachian tube dysfunction, and chronic sinusitis. […] A systematic review from 2018 estimated that 3.6% of adults had missed work, and 36% had impaired work performance due to allergic rhinitis. […] Chronic rhinosinusitis, although distinct from allergic rhinitis, can be a complication of AR. […] It is also known that sensitization to allergens in AR can alter the immunological parameters of the adenoids, resulting in adenoid hypertrophy. […] Approximately 10 to 40% of patients with AR also have concurrent asthma, and some studies suggest asthma is more common in moderate to severe persistent rhinitis.

• #57 Allergic rhinitis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allergic_rhinitis

  Allergic rhinitis, of which the seasonal type is called hay fever, is a type of inflammation in the nose that occurs when the immune system overreacts to allergens in the air. Signs and symptoms include a runny or stuffy nose, sneezing, red, itchy, and watery eyes, and swelling around the eyes. The fluid from the nose is usually clear. Symptom onset is often within minutes following allergen exposure, and can affect sleep and the ability to work or study. Some people may develop symptoms only during specific times of the year, often as a result of pollen exposure. Many people with allergic rhinitis also have asthma, allergic conjunctivitis, or atopic dermatitis. […] The characteristic symptoms of allergic rhinitis are: rhinorrhea (excess nasal secretion), itching, sneezing fits, and nasal congestion/obstruction. Characteristic physical findings include conjunctival swelling and erythema, eyelid swelling with Dennie-Morgan folds, lower eyelid venous stasis (rings under the eyes known as „allergic shiners”), swollen nasal turbinates, and middle ear effusion.

• #58 Allergic Rhinitis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/134825-clinical

  Patients with allergic rhinitis may have other atopic conditions such as asthma or atopic dermatitis. Of patients with allergic rhinitis, 20% also have symptoms of asthma. Uncontrolled allergic rhinitis may cause worsening of asthma or even atopic dermatitis. […] Possible complications of allergic rhinitis include otitis media, eustachian tube dysfunction, acute sinusitis, and chronic sinusitis.

• #59 Allergic Rhinitis – Advanced Allergy & Asthma | Allergists in Pittsburgh, PA

  https://www.advancedallergydoc.com/allergic-rhinitis.php

  Allergic rhinitis symptoms are: Nasal obstruction, Rhinorrhea, i.e. a runny nose, Sneezing, Itching. […] Allergic rhinitis also affects your sleep, emotions, and memory. You may constantly feel tired despite a regular sleep schedule, and may be prone to anxiety and depression. […] Untreated allergic rhinitis may lead to the development of other nasal or sinus diseases, such as: Recurrent nasal polyps, Acute and chronic sinusitis, Otitis media (i.e. ear infections), and hearing impairment, Sleep apnea, Asthma. […] If you have allergic rhinitis, you are at greater risk of asthmatic attacks. Allergic rhinitis is a risk factor for sinusitis and asthmatics. About 60 to 80 percent of all asthmatics have allergic rhinitis. Asthma and allergy most frequently appear together in children less than 18 years of age.

• #60 Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever ) – Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy (ASCIA)

  https://www.allergy.org.au/patients/fast-facts/hay-fever-allergic-rhinitis

  For people who also have asthma, better control of allergic rhinitis symptoms often results in better control of their asthma. […] For people with severe allergic rhinitis, further assessment and allergy testing by a clinical immunology/allergy specialist may be required. If it is possible to confirm the allergen/s causing allergic rhinitis, then minimising exposure to these may reduce symptoms. […] Allergen immunotherapy (AIT), also known as desensitisation, is a treatment offered to people with severe allergic rhinitis. It reduces the severity of symptoms and the need for regular medications and involves taking regular, gradually increasing amounts of allergen extracts by injections or sublingual (under the tongue) tablets, sprays or drops. This treatment is long-term (three to five years) and is usually initiated by a clinical immunology/allergy specialist.

• #61 Allergic Rhinitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538186/

  Non-IgE-mediated hyperresponsiveness can develop due to eosinophilic infiltration and nasal mucosal obliteration. […] The nasal mucosa now becomes hyperreactive to normal stimuli (such as tobacco smoke and cold air) and causes symptoms of sneezing, rhinorrhea, and nasal pruritis. […] The prevalence of allergic rhinitis based on physician diagnosis is approximately 15%; however, the prevalence is estimated to be as high as 30% based on patients with nasal symptoms. […] AR is known to peak in the second to fourth decades of life and then gradually decline. […] The incidence of AR in the pediatric population is also quite high, making it one of the most common chronic pediatric disorders. […] According to data from the International Study for Asthma and Allergies in Childhood, 14.6% in the 13 to 14 year age group and 8.5% in the 6 to 7 year age group display symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitis linked to allergic rhinitis.

• #62 Allergic rhinitis | Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology | Full Text

  https://aacijournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13223-024-00923-6

  Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disorder that is strongly linked to asthma and conjunctivitis. Classic symptoms include nasal congestion, nasal itch, rhinorrhea and sneezing. […] Severe AR has been associated with significant impairments in quality of life (QoL), sleep and work performance. […] In allergic individuals, the T cells infiltrating the nasal mucosa are predominantly T helper 2 (Th2) in nature and release cytokines (e.g., interleukin [IL]-3, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) that promote immunoglobulin E (IgE) production by plasma cells. […] The mediators and cytokines released during the early phase of an immune response to an inciting allergen trigger a further cellular inflammatory response over the next 4 to 8 h (late-phase inflammatory response) which results in recurrent symptoms (usually nasal congestion) that often persist.

• #63 Allergic Rhinitis (Allergies)

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/allergic-rhinitis/

  Your symptoms can vary, depending on the severity of your allergies. Symptoms can include: Sneezing, Coughing, Itching (mostly eyes, nose, mouth, throat and skin), Runny nose, Stuffy nose, Headache, Pressure in the nose and cheeks, Ear fullness and popping, Sore throat, Watery, red, or swollen eyes, Dark circles under your eyes, Trouble smelling. […] Allergic rhinitis can last several weeks, longer than a cold or the flu. It does not cause fever. The nasal discharge is thin, watery, and clear. Nasal discharge from a cold or the flu tends to be thicker. Itching (mostly in the eyes, nose, mouth, throat, and skin) is common with hay fever but not with a cold or the flu. Sneezing occurs more with hay fever. You may even have severe sneeze attacks. […] Living with the symptoms of allergic rhinitis can affect your daily life. Nasal symptoms can be worse when lying down. This can disturb your ability to sleep well. Fatigue and headaches can affect your ability to function at school and work. […] There is also a link between asthma, eczema, and allergic rhinitis. Therefore, getting good control of allergic rhinitis is crucial for maintaining good control of asthma.

• #64 Allergic Rhinitis – What Is IT, Treatment and Prevention | MedPark Hospital

  https://www.medparkhospital.com/en-US/disease-and-treatment/allergic-rhinitis

  Allergic rhinitis, occurs when allergens like pollen, dust mite droppings, pet hair or dander, insects, and mold trigger allergic reactions, resulting in symptoms such as sneezing, a sore throat, nasal congestion, a runny nose […] Symptoms of perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis can vary from person to person, categorized by the affected organs, including the nose, throat, eyes, and ears. Common symptoms of allergic rhinitis include: Runny nose, nasal congestion, sneezing, postnasal drip, and facial pressure […] In addition to affecting the previously mentioned parts of the body, allergic rhinitis symptoms can interfere with sleep, resulting in symptoms of mouth breathing, snoring, frequent nocturnal awakenings, and daytime sleepiness or fatigue […] It’s worth noting that while symptoms of allergic rhinitis may resemble those of the common cold, a key distinction is that the common cold is more likely to cause muscle aches or fever.

• #65 Allergic Rhinitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538186/

  Risk factors for developing AR include a family history of atopy, male sex, a presence of allergen-specific IgE, a serum IgE greater than 100 IU/mL before age 6, and higher socioeconomic status. […] Patients with AR may also present with associated allergic conjunctivitis, non-productive cough, Eustachian tube dysfunction, and chronic sinusitis. […] A systematic review from 2018 estimated that 3.6% of adults had missed work, and 36% had impaired work performance due to allergic rhinitis. […] Chronic rhinosinusitis, although distinct from allergic rhinitis, can be a complication of AR. […] It is also known that sensitization to allergens in AR can alter the immunological parameters of the adenoids, resulting in adenoid hypertrophy. […] Approximately 10 to 40% of patients with AR also have concurrent asthma, and some studies suggest asthma is more common in moderate to severe persistent rhinitis.

• #66 Allergic Rhinitis: Types, Symptoms, Treatment Options and Testing

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/allergic-rhinitis-hay-fever

  Allergic rhinitis (rie NIE tis) is a condition that occurs when the body (the immune system) overreacts to something in the environment (triggers) that most people have no problem with. […] If your child has allergic rhinitis, you may notice some of these symptoms: Itchy nose, mouth or eyes, Stuffy nose (nasal congestion) or runny nose, Frequent sneezing, Mouth-breathing or snoring, Red, watery, itchy eyes, Puffy eyelids, Dark circles under the eyes (allergic shiners), Cough (especially at night) caused by drainage from the nose going down the back of the throat, Headaches, Some loss of smell, Ears „popping” or crackling, Feeling tired, Not able to focus, poor concentration. […] Symptoms may improve by making small changes at home. […] If your child’s symptoms do not improve, the doctor may refer him or her to an allergist for more testing. The tests can help identify what allergies he has. In some cases, allergy shots (injections) may be recommended.

• #67 Hay Fever (Rhinitis) | Symptoms & Treatment | ACAAI Public Website

  https://acaai.org/allergies/allergic-conditions/hay-fever/

  There are two types of allergic rhinitis: Seasonal: Symptoms can occur in spring, summer, and early fall. They are usually caused by sensitivity to airborne mold spores or to pollens from trees, grasses, or weeds. Perennial: Symptoms occur year-round and are generally caused by sensitivity to dust mites, pet hair or dander, cockroaches or mold. […] Many parents of children with allergic rhinitis have said that their children are more moody and irritable during allergy season. […] Symptoms of allergic rhinitis have other causes as well, the most customary being the common cold – an example of infectious rhinitis. Most infections are relatively short-lived, with symptoms improving in three to seven days. […] Many people have recurrent or chronic nasal congestion, excess mucus production, itching and other nasal symptoms similar to those of allergic rhinitis. In those cases, an allergy may not be the cause.

• #68 Allergic Rhinitis – Advanced Allergy & Asthma | Allergists in Pittsburgh, PA

  https://www.advancedallergydoc.com/allergic-rhinitis.php

  Allergic rhinitis symptoms are: Nasal obstruction, Rhinorrhea, i.e. a runny nose, Sneezing, Itching. […] Allergic rhinitis also affects your sleep, emotions, and memory. You may constantly feel tired despite a regular sleep schedule, and may be prone to anxiety and depression. […] Untreated allergic rhinitis may lead to the development of other nasal or sinus diseases, such as: Recurrent nasal polyps, Acute and chronic sinusitis, Otitis media (i.e. ear infections), and hearing impairment, Sleep apnea, Asthma. […] If you have allergic rhinitis, you are at greater risk of asthmatic attacks. Allergic rhinitis is a risk factor for sinusitis and asthmatics. About 60 to 80 percent of all asthmatics have allergic rhinitis. Asthma and allergy most frequently appear together in children less than 18 years of age.

• #69 Allergic rhinitis | Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology | Full Text

  https://aacijournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13223-024-00923-6

  Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disorder that is strongly linked to asthma and conjunctivitis. Classic symptoms include nasal congestion, nasal itch, rhinorrhea and sneezing. […] Severe AR has been associated with significant impairments in quality of life (QoL), sleep and work performance. […] In allergic individuals, the T cells infiltrating the nasal mucosa are predominantly T helper 2 (Th2) in nature and release cytokines (e.g., interleukin [IL]-3, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13) that promote immunoglobulin E (IgE) production by plasma cells. […] The mediators and cytokines released during the early phase of an immune response to an inciting allergen trigger a further cellular inflammatory response over the next 4 to 8 h (late-phase inflammatory response) which results in recurrent symptoms (usually nasal congestion) that often persist.

• #70 Allergic Rhinitis (Allergies)

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/allergic-rhinitis/

  Your symptoms can vary, depending on the severity of your allergies. Symptoms can include: Sneezing, Coughing, Itching (mostly eyes, nose, mouth, throat and skin), Runny nose, Stuffy nose, Headache, Pressure in the nose and cheeks, Ear fullness and popping, Sore throat, Watery, red, or swollen eyes, Dark circles under your eyes, Trouble smelling. […] Allergic rhinitis can last several weeks, longer than a cold or the flu. It does not cause fever. The nasal discharge is thin, watery, and clear. Nasal discharge from a cold or the flu tends to be thicker. Itching (mostly in the eyes, nose, mouth, throat, and skin) is common with hay fever but not with a cold or the flu. Sneezing occurs more with hay fever. You may even have severe sneeze attacks. […] Living with the symptoms of allergic rhinitis can affect your daily life. Nasal symptoms can be worse when lying down. This can disturb your ability to sleep well. Fatigue and headaches can affect your ability to function at school and work. […] There is also a link between asthma, eczema, and allergic rhinitis. Therefore, getting good control of allergic rhinitis is crucial for maintaining good control of asthma.

• #71 Allergic rhinitis | Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology | Full Text

  https://aacijournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13223-024-00923-6

  Symptoms are considered moderate/severe if they significantly affect sleep or activities of daily living, and/or if they are perceived as bothersome. […] The treatment goal for AR is relief of symptoms. Therapeutic options available to achieve this goal include avoidance measures, nasal saline irrigation, oral antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids, combination intranasal corticosteroid/antihistamine sprays, leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs), and allergen immunotherapy. […] Intranasal corticosteroids are a first-line therapy for patients with AR and they can be used alone or in combination with oral antihistamines. […] The most common side effects of intranasal corticosteroids are nasal irritation and stinging. […] It is important to note that most patients with AR presenting to their primary-care physician have moderate-to-severe symptoms and will require an intranasal corticosteroid.

• #72 Hay Fever (Rhinitis) | Symptoms & Treatment | ACAAI Public Website

  https://acaai.org/allergies/allergic-conditions/hay-fever/

  There are two types of allergic rhinitis: Seasonal: Symptoms can occur in spring, summer, and early fall. They are usually caused by sensitivity to airborne mold spores or to pollens from trees, grasses, or weeds. Perennial: Symptoms occur year-round and are generally caused by sensitivity to dust mites, pet hair or dander, cockroaches or mold. […] Many parents of children with allergic rhinitis have said that their children are more moody and irritable during allergy season. […] Symptoms of allergic rhinitis have other causes as well, the most customary being the common cold – an example of infectious rhinitis. Most infections are relatively short-lived, with symptoms improving in three to seven days. […] Many people have recurrent or chronic nasal congestion, excess mucus production, itching and other nasal symptoms similar to those of allergic rhinitis. In those cases, an allergy may not be the cause.

• #73 Allergic Rhinitis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/134825-clinical

  Determine which organ systems are affected and the specific symptoms. Some patients have exclusive involvement of the nose, while others have involvement of multiple organs. Some patients primarily have sneezing, itching, tearing, and watery rhinorrhea (the classic hayfever presentation), while others may only complain of congestion. Significant complaints of congestion, particularly if unilateral, might suggest the possibility of structural obstruction, such as a polyp, foreign body, or deviated septum. […] Response to treatment with antihistamines supports the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis, although sneezing, itching, and rhinorrhea associated with nonallergic rhinitis can also improve with antihistamines. […] Response to intranasal corticosteroids supports the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis, although some cases of nonallergic rhinitis (particularly the nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophils syndrome [NARES]) also improve with nasal steroids.

• #74 Nonallergic rhinitis – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/nonallergic-rhinitis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351229

  Nonallergic rhinitis symptoms often come and go year-round. Your symptoms might include: […] Nonallergic rhinitis most often doesn’t cause an itchy nose, eyes or throat. That symptom is linked with allergies such as hay fever.

• #75 What is Rhinitis? | Causes, Symptoms & Treatment | BENADRYL® UK

  https://www.benadryl.co.uk/allergy-types/rhinitis

  Rhinitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose, causing cold-like symptoms, such as runny nose, sneezing and sniffling, watery eyes, and sometimes even an itchy throat. […] In allergic rhinitis, inflammation is caused by an allergic reaction to a substance like pollen. […] Allergic rhinitis usually provokes symptoms within just minutes of coming into contact with the triggering allergen. This can cause: Congestion: including sneezing, a stuffy or runny nose, or cough. […] Irritation: itchy, watery, red, swollen, or puffy eyes. […] Itchiness in the back of the throat and the roof of the mouth. […] The duration of a bout of allergic rhinitis can vary, depending on the specific allergen that triggers it. Seasonal allergies, such as pollen, will only cause symptoms for a few months of the year. However, other allergens can cause symptoms year-round if you come into contact with them regularly, such as with pet dander or household dust. […] Non-allergic rhinitis symptoms may include: Congestion: including a stuffy, blocked or running nose, and sneezing. […] An itchy sensation in the nose. […] Reduced sense of smell. […] Postnasal drip. […] A crust forming on the inside of the nose.

• #76 Allergic Rhinitis (Allergies)

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/allergic-rhinitis/

  Your symptoms can vary, depending on the severity of your allergies. Symptoms can include: Sneezing, Coughing, Itching (mostly eyes, nose, mouth, throat and skin), Runny nose, Stuffy nose, Headache, Pressure in the nose and cheeks, Ear fullness and popping, Sore throat, Watery, red, or swollen eyes, Dark circles under your eyes, Trouble smelling. […] Allergic rhinitis can last several weeks, longer than a cold or the flu. It does not cause fever. The nasal discharge is thin, watery, and clear. Nasal discharge from a cold or the flu tends to be thicker. Itching (mostly in the eyes, nose, mouth, throat, and skin) is common with hay fever but not with a cold or the flu. Sneezing occurs more with hay fever. You may even have severe sneeze attacks. […] Living with the symptoms of allergic rhinitis can affect your daily life. Nasal symptoms can be worse when lying down. This can disturb your ability to sleep well. Fatigue and headaches can affect your ability to function at school and work. […] There is also a link between asthma, eczema, and allergic rhinitis. Therefore, getting good control of allergic rhinitis is crucial for maintaining good control of asthma.

• #77 How to Tell the Difference Between a Cold or Allergic Rhinitis? | Lockey, Fox, Ledford & Glaum MDs PA

  https://www.allergytampa.com/2021/11/10/how-to-tell-the-difference-between-a-cold-or-allergic-rhinitis/

  Allergic rhinitis, commonly known as hay fever or “allergies,” is not caused by a virus, but is instead an immune response to a trigger. There are countless allergic triggers. The most common allergic triggers for nasal symptoms include: Pollens, Animal dander, Dust mites, Molds. […] When you first come into contact with your allergic trigger, your immune system identifies it as harmful and begins to build antibodies. The next time you are exposed to the trigger, the antibodies deploy, chemicals such as histamines are released, and a full-blown allergic response is underway. […] Allergy symptoms can vary from person to person and trigger to trigger, but the most common symptoms include: Itchy, watery eyes, Sneezing, Runny or stuffy nose, Itchy nose, Post nasal drip, Fatigue, Cough. […] Nasal symptoms due to an allergic trigger will continue until the exposure is stopped and symptoms are treated. Left untreated, symptoms can persist for days or even months! […] Common cold symptoms will typically resolve on their own after 3-14 days, while allergic rhinitis symptoms will continue indefinitely if exposure to the allergen is not limited.

• #78 Allergic Rhinitis

  https://www.healthhub.sg/a-z/diseases-and-conditions/allergic-rhinitis

  Symptoms of allergic rhinitis may be similar to that of a common cold and include: […] Unlike colds, allergic rhinitis: Typically occurs suddenly when you encounter an allergen and can end abruptly. The common cold takes 3 to 14 days to resolve. […] You should see a doctor if you have any of the following symptoms: Cough with thick yellow or green mucus or phlegm from the nose, throat or ears. […] Allergic rhinitis can also be managed by finding out the source of your allergies and avoiding them as far as possible.

• #79 Allergic Rhinitis – Immunology; Allergic Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/immunology-allergic-disorders/allergic-autoimmune-and-other-hypersensitivity-disorders/allergic-rhinitis

  If allergic conjunctivitis is present, symptoms include bilateral mild to severe ocular itching, conjunctival hyperemia, photosensitivity, eyelid edema, and a watery or stringy discharge. […] Diagnosis of allergic rhinitis is usually based on the history; skin tests and sometimes an allergen-specific serum IgE test are needed only when patients do not respond to empiric treatment. […] Patients with allergic rhinitis may have cough, wheezing, frontal headache, sinusitis, or, particularly in children with perennial rhinitis, otitis media.

• #80 Allergic Rhinitis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/134825-clinical

  Patients with allergic rhinitis may have other atopic conditions such as asthma or atopic dermatitis. Of patients with allergic rhinitis, 20% also have symptoms of asthma. Uncontrolled allergic rhinitis may cause worsening of asthma or even atopic dermatitis. […] Possible complications of allergic rhinitis include otitis media, eustachian tube dysfunction, acute sinusitis, and chronic sinusitis.

• #81 Allergic Rhinitis Clinical Presentation: History, Physical, Causes

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/134825-clinical

  Patients with allergic rhinitis may have other atopic conditions such as asthma or atopic dermatitis. Of patients with allergic rhinitis, 20% also have symptoms of asthma. Uncontrolled allergic rhinitis may cause worsening of asthma or even atopic dermatitis. […] Possible complications of allergic rhinitis include otitis media, eustachian tube dysfunction, acute sinusitis, and chronic sinusitis.

• #82 Hay fever – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hay-fever/symptoms-causes/syc-20373039

  Hay fever, also called allergic rhinitis, causes cold-like symptoms. These may include a runny nose, itchy eyes, congestion, sneezing and sinus pressure. […] Hay fever symptoms can include: Runny nose and nasal stuffiness, called congestion. Watery, itchy, red eyes. Sneezing. Cough. Itchy nose, roof of mouth or throat. Mucus that runs down the back of the throat, called postnasal drip. Swollen, bruised-appearing skin under the eyes, known as allergic shiners. Extreme tiredness and fatigue, often due to poor sleep. […] Your hay fever symptoms may occur year-round or may start or worsen at a particular time of year. These are known as seasonal allergies. […] Symptoms can be similar, so it can be difficult to tell which one you have. […] Many people especially children get used to hay fever symptoms, so they might not seek treatment until the symptoms become severe. But getting the right treatment might offer relief.

• #83 Allergic Rhinitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538186/

  Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an atopic disease presenting with symptoms of sneezing, nasal congestion, clear rhinorrhea, and nasal pruritis. […] Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an atopic disease characterized by symptoms of nasal congestion, clear rhinorrhea, sneezing, postnasal drip, and nasal pruritis. […] Once diagnosed, AR is treatable with a variety of modalities, with intra-nasal glucocorticoids being the first-line therapy. […] Patients with intermittent or seasonal allergic rhinitis have symptoms of sneezing, rhinorrhea, and watery eyes, while patients with chronic AR often complain of postnasal drip, chronic nasal congestion, and obstruction. […] The allergic response is classified into early and late-phase reactions. In the early phase, allergic rhinitis is an immunoglobulin (Ig)E-mediated response against inhaled allergens that cause inflammation driven by type 2 helper (Th2) cells.

• #84 Hay Fever / Rhinitis

  https://www.aaaai.org/conditions-treatments/allergies/hay-fever-rhinitis

  Allergic rhinitis symptoms include: Itching in the nose, roof of the mouth, throat, eyes Sneezing Stuffy nose (congestion) Runny nose Tearing eyes Dark circles under the eyes […] Hay fever symptoms tend to flare up in the spring and fall. Perennial allergic rhinitis symptoms are year-long.

• #85 Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8622-allergic-rhinitis-hay-fever

  Allergic rhinitis, also called hay fever, is an allergic reaction that causes sneezing, congestion, itchy nose and watery eyes. Pollen, pet dander, mold and insects can lead to hay fever symptoms. Symptoms of hay fever include sneezing, nasal congestion and irritation of your nose, throat, mouth and eyes. Symptoms of hay fever (allergic rhinitis) occur when your immune system overreacts to something in your environment. Hay fever symptoms can appear throughout the year. Outdoor allergies are worse in the spring, summer and early fall depending on where you live. Symptoms of hay fever include: Nasal stuffiness (congestion), sneezing and runny nose. Itchy nose, throat and eyes. Red or watery eyes. Headaches, sinus pressure and dark circles under your eyes. More mucus in your nose and throat. Tiredness. Sore throat from mucus dripping down your throat (postnasal drip). Wheezing, coughing and trouble breathing. Allergic rhinitis occurs when your body’s immune system reacts to an irritant in the air. The irritants (allergens) are so tiny that you can easily inhale them through your nose or mouth. Allergic rhinitis comes from many allergens, including: Dust mites that live in carpets, drapes, bedding and furniture. Pollen from trees, grass and weeds. Pet dander (tiny flakes of dead skin cells). Mold spores. Cockroaches (their saliva and waste). It varies. Most people find relief from hay fever within a few days with medication, but they must take it continuously until the allergen is out of the air. Some people continue to have symptoms of hay fever for several weeks or months, especially if they aren’t taking or can’t take medication to help relieve symptoms. Hay fever can make you feel miserable, but it generally doesn’t cause serious health problems. Most people with hay fever manage symptoms with lifestyle changes and over-the-counter medication.

• #86 Allergic rhinitis (hay fever) – Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy (ASCIA)

  https://www.allergy.org.au/patients/allergic-rhinitis-hay-fever-and-sinusitis/allergic-rhinitis-or-hay-fever

  Symptoms may be mild to moderate, where day to day function is not affected. […] Severe symptoms affect day to day function and may lead to: Sleep disturbance, Daytime tiredness, Headaches, Poor concentration. […] If allergic rhinitis is not well managed or symptoms are left untreated, it can lead to: Recurrent ear infections in children, Recurrent sinus infections in adults, Increased risk of developing asthma, and more episodes of asthma symptoms for those who already have it.

• #87 Allergic Rhinitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538186/

  Risk factors for developing AR include a family history of atopy, male sex, a presence of allergen-specific IgE, a serum IgE greater than 100 IU/mL before age 6, and higher socioeconomic status. […] Patients with AR may also present with associated allergic conjunctivitis, non-productive cough, Eustachian tube dysfunction, and chronic sinusitis. […] A systematic review from 2018 estimated that 3.6% of adults had missed work, and 36% had impaired work performance due to allergic rhinitis. […] Chronic rhinosinusitis, although distinct from allergic rhinitis, can be a complication of AR. […] It is also known that sensitization to allergens in AR can alter the immunological parameters of the adenoids, resulting in adenoid hypertrophy. […] Approximately 10 to 40% of patients with AR also have concurrent asthma, and some studies suggest asthma is more common in moderate to severe persistent rhinitis.

• #88 Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8622-allergic-rhinitis-hay-fever

  Allergic rhinitis, also called hay fever, is an allergic reaction that causes sneezing, congestion, itchy nose and watery eyes. Pollen, pet dander, mold and insects can lead to hay fever symptoms. Symptoms of hay fever include sneezing, nasal congestion and irritation of your nose, throat, mouth and eyes. Symptoms of hay fever (allergic rhinitis) occur when your immune system overreacts to something in your environment. Hay fever symptoms can appear throughout the year. Outdoor allergies are worse in the spring, summer and early fall depending on where you live. Symptoms of hay fever include: Nasal stuffiness (congestion), sneezing and runny nose. Itchy nose, throat and eyes. Red or watery eyes. Headaches, sinus pressure and dark circles under your eyes. More mucus in your nose and throat. Tiredness. Sore throat from mucus dripping down your throat (postnasal drip). Wheezing, coughing and trouble breathing. Allergic rhinitis occurs when your body’s immune system reacts to an irritant in the air. The irritants (allergens) are so tiny that you can easily inhale them through your nose or mouth. Allergic rhinitis comes from many allergens, including: Dust mites that live in carpets, drapes, bedding and furniture. Pollen from trees, grass and weeds. Pet dander (tiny flakes of dead skin cells). Mold spores. Cockroaches (their saliva and waste). It varies. Most people find relief from hay fever within a few days with medication, but they must take it continuously until the allergen is out of the air. Some people continue to have symptoms of hay fever for several weeks or months, especially if they aren’t taking or can’t take medication to help relieve symptoms. Hay fever can make you feel miserable, but it generally doesn’t cause serious health problems. Most people with hay fever manage symptoms with lifestyle changes and over-the-counter medication.

• #89 Allergic rhinitis | Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology | Full Text

  https://aacijournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13223-024-00923-6

  Allergen immunotherapy, which involves the subcutaneous or sublingual administration of the patients relevant allergens, is an option for patients who do not achieve symptom control with pharmacotherapy or who prefer this form of therapy. […] Evidence suggests that at least 3 years of allergen immunotherapy (SCIT or SLIT) provides beneficial effects in patients with AR that can persist for several years after discontinuation of therapy.

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