Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Arthritis of the base of the thumb

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2684204/

  The purpose of this article is to outline the pathophysiology and epidemiology of arthritis of the base of the thumb. […] While both biochemical and biomechanical factors play a role in the development of arthritis at the base of the thumb, it is the biomechanical design of the joint that makes it unique. In order to allow for the tremendous degree of motion at the TM joint there is very little intrinsic osseous stability. This puts considerable strain on the supporting ligaments even during routine daily activities. If these ligaments become unable to stabilize the joint it is felt that joint degeneration will follow in a predictable fashion. The joint initially becomes painful due to synovitis. As the disease progresses, there is a loss of articular cartilage, first in the palmar regions of the joint and spreading to involve the entire joint. Osteophytes form in a futile attempt to increase the surface area and thereby decrease the force per unit area. Lastly, in end stage disease, the thumb metacarpal base will subside and a thumb adduction contracture will occur.

• #1 Thumb Arthritis | UW Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine

  https://orthop.washington.edu/patient-care/hand/thumb-arthritis.html

  Thumb arthritis is most common in the thumb carpometacarpal joint, between the base of the thumb metacarpal and a wrist bone (the trapezium). […] The exact cause of thumb arthritis is unknown, but researchers have postulated that its a combination of factors including joint ligament laxity, deformed joints, prior fracture or injury to the thumb, and repetitive load to the joint. […] With progressive wear and tear (degenerative arthritis or osteoarthritis), the cartilage becomes thinner and there is direct contact between the bony surfaces (bone-on-bone). […] In advanced stages, bone spurs, or osteophytes, can form in the joint, causing the thumb metacarpal to slide out of the saddle. Hyperextension instability can also occur in the adjacent joint (metacarpophalangeal joint). […] Correction of the deformity and change in contact in early stages of thumb arthritis provides pain relief by off-loading the joint.

• #1 Arthritis of the Thumb – OrthoInfo – AAOS

  https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases–conditions/arthritis-of-the-thumb/

  Arthritis of the base of the thumb is more common in women than in men, and usually occurs after 40 years of age. Prior fractures or other injuries to the joint may increase the likelihood of developing this condition. […] An X-ray may show deterioration of the joint, including narrowing of the joint space and formation of bone spurs. […] Because arthritis is a progressive, degenerative disease, the condition may worsen over time. […] When nonsurgical treatment is no longer effective, surgery is an option. […] One option involves fusing the bones of the joint together. This reduces pain and allows for a strong pinch; however, it will limit movement of the thumb. […] Another option is to remove part of the joint and suspend the remaining thumb using a tendon in your wrist or a medical device. This procedure alleviates pain and allows for continued motion of the thumb. […] Basal joint arthritis, or thumb CMC arthritis, is a very treatable condition, and many patients are satisfied with their outcome after treatment.

• #1 Arthritis of the Thumb | Dr. Gordon Groh

  https://www.drgordongroh.com/orthopaedic-injuries-treatment/hand-wrist/arthritis-of-the-thumb/

  Arthritis is a process which causes wear of the smooth lining of the joint called the articular cartilage. This process is progressive and typically intensifies over time. The most common type of arthritis is osteoarthritis, a degenerative arthritis. Other types include rheumatoid arthritis, a type of inflammatory arthritis. The vast majority of patients will have osteoarthritis of the thumb. This arthritis affects the base of the thumb and is also called the carpal metacarpal joint. […] Arthritis therefore is an inflammation of the joint. […] When there is loss of the cartilage, the joint grinds with motion and causes pain. […] Osteoarthritis of the base of the thumb occurs in an approximately 3:1 ratio of women to men. Women are typically affected earlier in life, typically after 40 years of age. Men affected by osteoarthritis typically are symptomatic later in life.

• #1 Thumb Arthritis: Symptoms and Treatment | The Hand Society

  https://www.assh.org/handcare/condition/thumb-arthritis

  Thumb arthritis is also known as basal joint arthritis. […] There is a genetic predisposition in developing this arthritis condition. […] X-rays show that basal joint arthritis will generally get worse with time. […] The rate of the progression of arthritis varies from one person to another.

• #1 Thumb Arthritis – Pathophysiology, Causes and Treatment –

  https://diseasesdic.com/thumb-arthritis-pathophysiology-causes-and-treatment/

  Rheumatoid arthritis presents a different picture when it comes to thumb arthritis. As an autoimmune disorder, RA involves the bodys immune system mistakenly attacking the synovium, the lining of the joints. […] This inflammatory condition can affect various joints, including the thumbs basal joint. […] It has been suggested that attrition ruptures in this ligament could be the starting point for biomechanical changes that eventually lead to joint arthritis. […] Additionally, the joints morphology might contribute to arthritis development. […] Research by Eaton, Littler, and Aune has indicated that women tend to have a shallower trapezial articular surface compared to men, which could potentially explain the higher prevalence of CMCJ osteoarthritis in women.

• #1 Basilar Thumb Joint Arthritis – MSA Hand Center

  https://msapc.com/hand-center/hand-conditions/basilar-thumb-joint-arthritis/

  The joint at the base of the thumb, called the trapeziometacarpal joint, is a common point of arthritis and can become very painful when the cartilage surfaces get worn down. […] Thumb arthritis, or basilar arthritis, involves degenerative changes of the CMC (carpal metacarpal) joint and affects the trapezium bone at the base of the thumb. […] The trapezium bone is surrounded with cartilage that becomes eroded with time, causing sclerosis and bone spurs. […] The causes of thumb arthritis include trauma, genetics, lifelong use of the hand, and inflammation. […] Thought to be due to attenuation of the anterior oblique ligament (Beak ligament) that leads to instability, subluxation and degradation of the CMC joint.

• #1 What are the signs of arthritis in the hands? – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/forefront/orthopaedics-articles/2018/december/how-to-treat-arthritis-in-the-hands

  Arthritis, however, is inflammation of the joint due to degenerative joint disease. There are many types of arthritis, but the most common forms are osteoarthritis (OA), when the protective cartilage in the joint breaks down, and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), when immune system attacks the joints. Early symptoms of arthritis include painful hand joints, burning sensation and decreased functionality of the hand and/or wrist. […] Nearly 25% of women over the age of 50 develop arthritis in the thumb. That figure jumps to more than 50% for women over the age of 70. Because men seldom suffer from thumb arthritis, we believe that the ligaments that hold the joint together have estrogen receptors in women. After 50, when women lose their estrogen throughout menopause, the ligaments stretch out and the joint degenerates.

• #1 Basal Thumb Osteoarthritis: Anatomy, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.theplasticsfella.com/basal-thumb-osteoarthritis/

  Osteoarthritis results in cartilage loss, bone changes, and ligament instability, causing joint narrowing, deformities, and finger nodules. […] Osteoarthritis leads to joint degeneration, characterized by cartilage degradation, bone changes, and ligament instability, which results in reduced joint space, bone deformities, and characteristic finger nodes. […] Osteoarthritis manifests through a cascade of joint alterations, including matrix breakdown, cartilage wear, and bone changes, leading to distinctive symptoms and structural deformities. The progression entails: […] Compromised posterior oblique and volar beak ligaments cause the metacarpal to shift, leading to notable joint deformities such as subluxation. […] Eburnation is the result of bony friction at the site of cartilage erosion and turns the underlying bone into ivory like surface. This wearing away of the surface also causes volar beak ligament instability.

• #1 Thumb arthritis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/thumb-arthritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20378339

  Thumb arthritis occurs when the cartilage in the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint wears away. […] With thumb arthritis, the cartilage that covers the ends of the bones deteriorates, and its smooth surface roughens. The bones then rub against each other, resulting in friction and joint damage. […] The damage to the joint might result in growth of new bone along the sides of the existing bone (bone spurs), which can produce noticeable lumps on your thumb joint.

• #1 Osteoarthritis of the carpometacarpal thumb joint – South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

  https://www.southtees.nhs.uk/resources/osteoarthritis-of-the-carpometacarpal-thumb-joint/

  This has been written to provide you with information about your thumb arthritis and give you a better understanding of your thumb joint, why you experience pain, and how you can manage your symptoms […] Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and affects mainly the joint’s cartilage and surrounding bone tissue. There are many factors that can increase the risk of the developing OA; for example it is more common in females over the age of forty, and is more likely to develop in a joint that has had a previous injury or operation. […] When OA develops in a joint, the cartilage gradually roughens and becomes thin, and the bone underneath thickens. The bones at the edge of the joint grow outwards in bony ‘spurs’ and excess synovial fluid can be produced, causing the joint to swell.

• #1 Basal thumb arthritis: stages and definition of arthritis in the thumb | Epitact

  https://epitact.co.uk/hand-wrist/rhizarthrosis/definition-progression-thumb-osteoarthritis

  The first stage corresponds to joint space narrowing without subluxation (movement of bones in the joint) or osteophytes (formation of bone spurs near the joint). […] The second stage of arthritis in the thumb involves slight subluxation that can still be treated and early stage osteophytosis. […] The third stage refers to osteophytosis with significant joint space narrowing and advanced stage subluxation. […] The fourth and last stage of basal thumb arthritis consists of complete destruction of the joint space, with prominent osteophytes, geodes (cysts) and ankylosis of the trapeziometacarpal joint. […] We briefly said that overuse of the joint was a major risk factor of basal thumb arthritis. So the first line of treatment is based on joint rest and anti-inflammatory medication.

• #1 How to Manage a Thumb Deformity from Rheumatoid Arthritis

  https://www.3pointproducts.com/blog/health-arthritis-finger-and-toe-conditions/how-to-manage-a-thumb-deformity-from-rheumatoid-arthritis

  Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a destructive inflammatory disease that impacts soft tissue. This disease commonly involves the thumb and causes deformities to the thumb through tendon rupture or tendon subluxation and the abnormal stretching of ligaments and other joint structures. […] Typically occurs with laxity of the ulnar collateral ligament at the thumb MP joint related to synovitis. […] Orthoses have been found to be effective in decreasing pain when worn during the day for individuals with a rheumatoid thumb and the orthosis was not found to disrupt grip, pinch, function, or dexterity. Studies suggest that individuals with RA have decreased pain when using an orthosis during sleep and may prefer a soft splint instead of a harder design.

• #1 Basal Thumb Arthritis Treatment in Dallas, TX | Symptoms & More

  https://handandwristinstitute.com/basal-thumb-arthritis/

  Basal thumb arthritis is a type of osteoarthritis affecting the base of the thumb at the carpometacarpal joint. This joint consists of the articulation of a wrist bone called the trapezium with the first metacarpal bone, which forms the base of the thumb. The carpometacarpal joint is extremely mobile, allowing the pivoting and swiveling motions of the thumb, and is essential for manipulation of the hand. This oft-used joint can become unstable and wear out over time. The ligaments can become lax, and the cartilage of the joint can wear away, causing pain and disability in susceptible individuals. […] The cause of Basal Thumb Arthritis is not known; however, several risk factors have been associated with it. Like most forms of osteoarthritis, the incidence of Basal Thumb Arthritis increases with age, although it can also affect the very young. It is up to six times more common in women than in men, possibly due to ligamentous laxity associated with pregnancy and childbirth. Rheumatoid arthritis predisposes the basal thumb to arthritis. An occupation or hobby that involves repeated motion of the joint can cause degeneration of the joint. A history of trauma to the thumb, including Rolando’s or Bennett’s fractures of the base of the thumb, has been associated with Basal Thumb Arthritis.

• #1 Hand to Shoulder Center of Wisconsin | Thumb Arthritis

  https://handtoshoulderwisconsin.com/our-specialties/hand/thumb-arthritis/

  Cartilage is a protective covering at the end of the bones that permits gliding and range of motion movements to the joint. When the cartilage starts to break down, the body cannot replace it. Instead the body tries to repair itself by laying down bone. This new bone is not smooth, but rough. The osteophytes, or uneven bone, results in arthritic changes within the joint. As the disease progresses over time, functionality may decrease causing difficulty to normal everyday activities, such as turning a key or opening a door. […] Utilizing the X-ray findings in combination with the physician’s examination, thumb arthritis is classified in stages of I, II, III, or IV. Stage I will display limited damage to the CMC joint; as the levels increase, the damage to the cartilage becomes more widespread. Bone spurs, narrowing of the joint space and even joint dislocation may be seen in Stage IV.

• #1 Basal thumb arthritis: stages and definition of arthritis in the thumb | Epitact

  https://epitact.co.uk/hand-wrist/rhizarthrosis/definition-progression-thumb-osteoarthritis

  Basal thumb arthritis is arthritis at the basal joint of the thumb. It is also referred to as thumb osteoarthritis, which is the most common type of arthritis. It often affects both hands. […] Arthritis in the thumb is the degeneration of the cartilage of the affected joint. This is a chronic disease, which means it is a persistent and long-lasting condition. This progression is very slow and spreads over 10 years. Most of the time, it comes with time, because age is often related to overuse of the joints. […] Basal thumb arthritis causes pain at the base of the thumb, joint stiffness and loss of strength of the thumb-index pinch grip. These symptoms of thumb arthritis are likely to impair the ability to do daily activities. The condition can also progress by inflammatory flare-ups, which prove to be particularly painful. In the most severe stages of basal thumb arthritis, a deformity of the thumb appears, usually in a Z-shape or M-shape in some cases.

• #1 Thumb Arthritis Treatment I Hand Surgery in Orange County

  https://www.hoagorthopedicinstitute.com/what-hurts-/hand-wrist/conditions/thumb-arthritis/

  Degenerative thumb arthritis also known as basal joint arthritis is more common in women, and typically occurs sometime after 40 years of age. There is a genetic predisposition in developing this arthritis condition and additionally, any type of trauma to the thumb can predispose one to thumb arthritis. […] There are other conditions such as inflammatory arthritis (Lupus, Rheumatoid Arthritis) that can affect the base of the thumb and cause the deterioration of that joint, which may ultimately lead to thumb joint reconstruction surgery. […] As the arthritis progresses, the pain and weakness may increase along with decreasing range of motion at the base of the thumb. […] As the arthritis advances even further, bone spurs may develop, resulting in an enlarged appearance at the base of the thumb. […] When conservative treatment fails to alleviate hand pain caused from arthritis and when the patient is sufficiently symptomatic, reconstructive surgery is an option.

• #1 Thumb Arthritis Solutions – Nebraska Hand & Shoulder Institute

  https://www.carpaltunnelrelief.net/wrist/thumb-arthritis/

  Thumb arthritis primarily affects the trapeziometacarpal joint (CMC), the joint at the base of your thumb, responsible for its mobility and rotation. This form of arthritis is degenerative and spontaneous, with some rare cases being caused by rheumatoid disease or post-traumatic injuries. […] Prolonged untreated thumb arthritis can lead to several complications, including contracture of the first web space and a „swan neck” type of deformity. These conditions can severely affect your ability to grip and pinch, ultimately diminishing your hand’s functionality. […] Research shows that over half of those with arthritis at the thumb base also have median nerve entrapment. The cause-and-effect relationship between these conditions remains unclear. […] Surgery is usually done under regional anesthesia by numbing from the hand to the shoulder or general anesthesia as an outpatient. Surgical treatment of CMC arthritis has evolved over the past 60 years and can be generally categorized into 5 different options:

• #1 Basal Joint Arthritis: Osteoarthritis of the Thumb | HSS

  https://www.hss.edu/condition-list_basal-joint-arthritis.asp

  Basal joint arthritis is one of the most common forms of thumb arthritis. […] Like all other forms of osteoarthritis, basal thumb arthritis develops when the cartilage between the bones of the joint wears away. In basal joint arthritis, the cartilage degeneration causes the metacarpal bone to slip out of its joint with the wrist. […] Arthritis in this location generally begins to develop in people aged 40 to 50 years old. […] The most frequent symptom is a dull aching pain at the base of the thumb that gets worse with activity and better with rest. […] For reasons that remain unclear, the degree of inflammation and associated pain can fluctuate. […] Conservative treatments include icing the joint, taking anti-inflammatory medications, wearing a supportive splint, or getting cortisone injections into the joint. […] Surgical options include fusing the bones that make up the basal joint or reconstructing the joint.

• #1 Arthritis of the Thumb – OrthoInfo – AAOS

  https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases–conditions/arthritis-of-the-thumb/

  Arthritis is a condition that affects joints, ultimately resulting in wearing out of the protective cartilage joint surface. In the thumb, the most common site for arthritis to develop is in the basal joint at the base of the thumb also known as the thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) joint. […] Although there are several types of arthritis, the one that most often affects the basal joint is osteoarthritis (degenerative, or wear-and-tear, arthritis). […] Osteoarthritis occurs when the cartilage begins to wear away, typically due to age and use. […] The basal joint at the base of the thumb or thumb CMC joint is located near the wrist and at the fleshy part of the thumb. It enables the thumb to swivel, pivot, and pinch so that you can grip things in your hand. This joint is highly vulnerable to arthritis as people age.

• #1 Thumb Arthritis > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/thumb-arthritis

  Thumb arthritis typically occurs after age 40. It is more common in women, but it can affect men, too. There is a genetic predisposition that makes people more likely to develop thumb arthritis. […] Pain in the thumb is the most common symptom of thumb arthritis. You might feel pain when you are pinching or gripping objects. […] Other symptoms may include the following: Swelling and tenderness at the base of the thumb, An ache after prolonged use of the thumb, Loss of strength when gripping or pinching with your thumb, Limited motion. […] To make a diagnosis of thumb arthritis, your doctor will start by gathering your medical history, discussing symptoms, prior injuries, and what activities cause you pain. […] The first method of treatment for thumb arthritis involves wearing a soft brace to limit the movement of your thumb, which allows the joint to rest.

• #1 Arthritis at the Base of the Thumb | UConn Musculoskeletal Institute

  https://health.uconn.edu/msi/clinical-services/orthopaedic-surgery/hand-and-wrist/arthritis-at-the-base-of-the-thumb/

  Arthritis at the base of the thumb is more common in women and usually starts after age 40. The cause of this form of arthritis is unknown in most cases. […] The most common symptom of thumb basal joint arthritis is a deep, aching pain at the base of the thumb. […] As the disease progresses, patients may experience pain at rest and at night, and patients often note loss of pinch and grip strength. […] The appearance of the thumb and the location of the pain are usually very helpful in identifying this condition. […] Less severe thumb arthritis will usually respond to non-surgical care. […] Patients with advanced arthritis or who do not respond to non-surgical treatment may be candidates for surgical reconstruction.

• #1 Basal thumb arthritis | Healthify

  https://healthify.nz/health-a-z/b/basal-thumb-arthritis

  Symptoms of basal thumb arthritis include: pain at the base of your thumb that worsens during activity, pain at the base of your thumb that bothers you during the night, loss of grip strength and fine control, stiffness that is worse in the morning, swelling at the base of your thumb, a bony bulge at the base of your thumb, creaking or cracking sensations with thumb or hand movement, deformed thumb joints if the condition progresses to a later stage. […] Treatment for osteoarthritis cannot cure the condition, but can help with reducing the pain, maintaining your ability to work or do activities you enjoy, reducing how often your joint becomes inflamed and painful (flare-ups), preventing joint changes from getting worse. […] If joint changes, pain and disability are all severe and a comprehensive management programme including the above measures is not helping, surgical procedures such as removing the trapezium, carpal and metacarpal bone fusion or joint replacement may be necessary.

• #1 Thumb Arthritis – Orthopedic Institute

  https://orthopedicinstitutesf.com/specialties/hand-wrist/thumb-arthritis/

  Thumb arthritis, also known as basal joint arthritis or CMC joint arthritis, affects the joint at the base of the thumb where it meets the wrist. This joint allows you to move your thumb in multiple directions. Over time, the cartilage that cushions this joint can wear down, causing pain and inflammation. […] Several factors can increase your risk of developing thumb arthritis, especially as you age. Here are some of the most common causes: Aging: Over time, the cartilage that cushions the joints naturally wears down, leading to arthritis. […] If you are experiencing symptoms, an orthopedic doctor at Orthopedic Institute will start with a physical exam. They may press on your thumb joint to check for tenderness, swelling, or misalignment. Your doctor may also ask you to move your thumb in various directions to assess your range of motion. X-rays are often used to confirm the diagnosis and to see how much the cartilage has worn down. […] If non-surgical treatments do not work, surgery may be necessary. The most common surgery for thumb arthritis involves removing the damaged bone at the base of the thumb and stabilizing the area with a tendon graft. This helps relieve pain and restores thumb function.

• #1 Basal thumb arthritis: Treatment strategies for managing pain

  https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2020/november/basal-thumb-arthritis

  The carpometacarpal joint (CMCJ) of the thumb is one of the joints most commonly affected by arthritis. […] Attrition ruptures of this ligament have been postulated to initiate changes in the biomechanics that eventually lead to arthritis of the joint. […] Furthermore, CMCJ morphology itself may have a part to play in the development of arthritis within this joint. […] The aim of non-operative management of basal thumb arthritis is to restore thumb functionality by treating pain and improving stability, mobility and strength. […] A systematic review of the literature looking at the benefits of intra-articular injections of either corticosteroids or hyaluronate showed mixed results. […] The mechanism of action of each differs, with corticosteroids modulating the inflammatory process while hyaluronate restores the reduced viscoelasticity of the synovial fluid.

• #1 Osteoarthritis of the carpometacarpal thumb joint – South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

  https://www.southtees.nhs.uk/resources/osteoarthritis-of-the-carpometacarpal-thumb-joint/

  In severe OA, the cartilage can become so thin that it no longer covers the joint surfaces, and damage is caused to the bone ends by them grinding against each other during movement. […] This can mean that you avoid using these joints, subsequently causing the surrounding muscles to weaken. This can, over time, change the shape of the joint creating a deformity, as the joint is no longer held in its natural position. […] Splints are designed to be worn during activities to help reduce the pain you are experiencing and support the joint to help prevent further damage. […] If your symptoms cannot be adequately managed with the methods described within this information, you may want to discuss the possibility of surgery with your consultant. There are a variety of operations that can relieve the symptoms but surgery should be avoided where the symptoms can be managed with other methods. […] Common surgical procedures include include removal of arthritic bone, replacement of the joint (arthoplasty), or fusion of the bone.

• #1 Physical therapy in Reading, Sinking Spring, Wernersville, Berks county for Hand Pain – Arthritis of the Thumb

  https://www.southmountainpt.com/article.php?aid=282

  When you stop to think about how much you use your thumbs, it’s easy to see why the joint where the thumb attaches to the hand can suffer from wear and tear. This joint is designed to give the thumb its rather large range of motion, but the tradeoff is that the joint suffers a lot of stress over the years. This can lead to painful osteoarthritis of this joint that may require surgical treatment as the arthritis progresses. […] Arthritis is a condition in which a joint becomes inflamed (red, swollen, hot, and painful). Degenerative arthritis is a condition in which a joint wears out, usually slowly over a period of many years. […] Over many years this imbalance in the joint mechanics can lead to damage on the articular surface. Since articular cartilage cannot heal itself very well, the damage adds up. Eventually, the joint is no longer able to compensate for the increasing damage, and it begins to hurt. Damage has occurred well before the pain begins.

• #1 Recognizing Thumb Arthritis – Jeffrey M. Jacobson, M.D.

  https://jacobsonmd.com/recognizing-thumb-arthritis/

  Arthritis is an umbrella term for a large number of conditions that cause joint pain. The most common type that affects the thumb and the most common type in general is osteoarthritis, also known as wear-and-tear arthritis. […] Osteoarthritis is the degeneration of the cartilage at the ends of bones that allow them to glide smoothly together in a joint. Known as articular cartilage, when it is worn away enough, the joint has painful bone-on-bone contact every time it moves. The basal joint—the base of the thumb—is affected more often than the other thumb joints. […] One thumb arthritis test that many healthcare professionals perform involves holding the base of the thumb and moving the digit around. If the patient complains of pain, or if the movement produces a grinding sound, which is known as crepitus, thumb osteoarthritis is likely. […] The bone-on-bone grinding of end-stage osteoarthritis produces small growths on the bones called bone spurs or osteophytes. These bone spurs will also show up on an X-ray and support the diagnosis of osteoarthritis.

• #1 Arthritis at the Base of the Thumb

  https://www.massgeneral.org/orthopaedics/hand/conditions-and-treatments/arthritis-at-the-base-of-the-thumb

  In osteoarthritis (or degenerative arthritis), the cartilage layer wears out, resulting in direct contact between the bones. […] The cause of this form of arthritis is unknown in most cases. Past injuries to the joint, such as fractures or severe sprains, and generalized joint laxity may increase the chances of developing this form of arthritis at a younger age. […] Although x-rays help confirm the diagnosis, symptom severity often does not correlate directly with the joints appearance on the x-ray. […] Patients with advanced arthritis or who do not respond to non-surgical treatment may be candidates for surgical reconstruction. A variety of surgical techniques are available that can successfully reduce or eliminate pain and improve thumb position and function.

• #1 Thumb Arthritis Treatment in Central GA | OrthoGeorgia

  https://www.orthoga.org/specialties/hand-center/arthritis-of-the-thumb/

  Arthritis can affect various parts of the body, causing major disruptions to the everyday lives of millions of people. One area that can be affected by arthritis is the base of the thumb, where the metacarpal bone meets the wrist bone. When cartilage at the ends of these bones wears away over time, the bones begin to rub against each other. This friction leads to damage and a wide variety of painful symptoms. Thumb arthritis is the second most common type of arthritis in the hand. […] Osteoarthritis of the thumb involves the deterioration of the joint cartilage over time, which means that it typically occurs in patients over the age of 40. It is also more common in women than men. […] A common method of checking for thumb arthritis involves moving the thumb while holding the joint firmly in place. If you experience pain and a grinding or crunching sensation during this test, it indicates that the bones are rubbing against each other and arthritis is most likely present. Imaging tests, such as X-rays, can also reveal indicators of thumb arthritis. Symptoms seen on an X-ray include bone spurs, areas of cartilage loss, and reduced joint space.

• #1 Basal thumb arthritis: Treatment strategies for managing pain

  https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2020/november/basal-thumb-arthritis

  With more advanced disease or failure of non-operative management, surgical strategies can be considered. […] The goal of surgical intervention is to eliminate pain and restore hand function while maintaining stability and mobility. […] There is strong consensus that the removal of the arthritic articular surfaces of the thumb CMCJ is associated with good clinical outcomes. […] A variety of implantable devices have been described with varying results in the literature. […] The overall rate of implantable device failure is likely to be underestimated because of the small sample sizes and the short- to medium-term follow-up period in these study groups.

• #1 Thumb Arthritis | UW Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine

  https://orthop.washington.edu/patient-care/hand/thumb-arthritis.html

  In this procedure, your surgeon removes the diseased cartilage and fuses the bones in the affected joint. This provides stability and decreases pain. […] In this procedure, all or part of the bone in the arthritic joint is removed, followed by tendon arthroplasty. The surgeon uses your tendon to reconstruct the thumb ligament to restore stability (suspensionplasty) and use remnants of the tendon as a pillow or cushion (interposition) for the joint.

• #1 Basal Joint Arthritis: Osteoarthritis of the Thumb | HSS

  https://www.hss.edu/conditions_basal-joint-arthritis-overview.asp

  Patients who do not respond to non-operative treatment and/or have significant subluxation of the joint may be advised to consider surgery for basal thumb arthritis. […] Unfortunately, joint replacement with prosthetic components – of the type that has been so successful in the hip or knee – has not been reliable for this condition.

• #1 Basal Joint Arthritis: Osteoarthritis of the Thumb | HSS

  https://www.hss.edu/conditions_basal-joint-arthritis-overview.asp

  Arthritis at the base of the thumb is one of the most common locations and can be very disabling. […] Like other forms of osteoarthritis, basal thumb arthritis develops when cartilage on the surfaces of the bones that meet at the joint wears away and the metacarpal bone begins to slip out of the joint. […] The condition is not related to specific activities that the individual has participated in, Dr. Hotchkiss says, Instead, there appears to be a genetic or anatomic component in its origin. […] Determining the appropriate treatment for a patient with basal thumb arthritis is a highly individualized process, according to Dr. Hotchkiss, in which the physician and patient must factor in the degree to which the arthritis interferes with activities of daily living, pain experienced by the patient, and patient expectations.

• #1 Thumb Arthritis > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/thumb-arthritis

  As this joint becomes worn, often due to age, it can lead to a painful condition called thumb arthritis (also known as CMC arthritis or basal joint arthritis). Arthritis refers to inflammation in a joint, causing the pain, stiffness, and swelling that makes it so difficult to perform even simple tasks. […] There are many different types of arthritis, but the kind that most often affects the thumb is osteoarthritis, the most common form of arthritis. With osteoarthritis, the cartilage inside your joints starts to break down, causing changes in the bone that typically start slowly and worsen over time. […] An injury to the thumb raises the likelihood that you will develop thumb arthritis. Other conditions, including lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, might also cause deterioration of the basal joint.

• #1 Thumb Arthritis | Osteopathy and Physiotherapy in Jersey and Northampton

  https://osteopathy.colganosteo.com/thumb-arthritis/

  Adults with increased body mass index (BMI) are also at risk for CMC arthritis. […] Second, patients with a higher body mass index also have elevated levels of lipids (fats), hormones, and insulin-like growth factor around the joint. Local biochemical changes from these hormones may speed up joint degeneration.

• #2 Arthritis of the Thumb – OrthoInfo – AAOS

  https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases–conditions/arthritis-of-the-thumb/

  Arthritis is a condition that affects joints, ultimately resulting in wearing out of the protective cartilage joint surface. In the thumb, the most common site for arthritis to develop is in the basal joint at the base of the thumb also known as the thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) joint. […] Although there are several types of arthritis, the one that most often affects the basal joint is osteoarthritis (degenerative, or wear-and-tear, arthritis). […] Osteoarthritis occurs when the cartilage begins to wear away, typically due to age and use. […] The basal joint at the base of the thumb or thumb CMC joint is located near the wrist and at the fleshy part of the thumb. It enables the thumb to swivel, pivot, and pinch so that you can grip things in your hand. This joint is highly vulnerable to arthritis as people age.

• #2 Basal thumb arthritis | Healthify

  https://healthify.nz/health-a-z/b/basal-thumb-arthritis

  Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis to affect the joint at the base of your thumb. […] The basal joint is a very mobile joint, which allows the wide range of movement we need for hand use such as grip, pinch, and fine manipulation. This high mobility leaves the joint with poor stability, which increases the risk of damage to the tissues around the joint. […] The thumb base joint is a small joint that gets put under a lot of force with every-day use. The ends of the 2 bones are a shallow saddle-shape and sit together like a rider on a saddle. This allows a lot of movement but is not very stable. If the short ropes that hold the bones together (ligaments) and muscles are not keeping the bone ends well-aligned or under a lot of stress and strain, then the force that goes through the joint can cause injury to the covering on the bone ends (cartilage), ligaments and bone. This gradual injury can cause swelling (inflammation), reduce movement and result in pain in the base of your thumb. Recovery may be limited by repeated stress and strain and other factors such as age.

• #2 How to Manage a Thumb Deformity from Rheumatoid Arthritis

  https://www.3pointproducts.com/blog/health-arthritis-finger-and-toe-conditions/how-to-manage-a-thumb-deformity-from-rheumatoid-arthritis

  Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a destructive inflammatory disease that impacts soft tissue. This disease commonly involves the thumb and causes deformities to the thumb through tendon rupture or tendon subluxation and the abnormal stretching of ligaments and other joint structures. […] Typically occurs with laxity of the ulnar collateral ligament at the thumb MP joint related to synovitis. […] Orthoses have been found to be effective in decreasing pain when worn during the day for individuals with a rheumatoid thumb and the orthosis was not found to disrupt grip, pinch, function, or dexterity. Studies suggest that individuals with RA have decreased pain when using an orthosis during sleep and may prefer a soft splint instead of a harder design.

• #2 Thumb Arthritis > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/thumb-arthritis

  Thumb arthritis typically occurs after age 40. It is more common in women, but it can affect men, too. There is a genetic predisposition that makes people more likely to develop thumb arthritis. […] Pain in the thumb is the most common symptom of thumb arthritis. You might feel pain when you are pinching or gripping objects. […] Other symptoms may include the following: Swelling and tenderness at the base of the thumb, An ache after prolonged use of the thumb, Loss of strength when gripping or pinching with your thumb, Limited motion. […] To make a diagnosis of thumb arthritis, your doctor will start by gathering your medical history, discussing symptoms, prior injuries, and what activities cause you pain. […] The first method of treatment for thumb arthritis involves wearing a soft brace to limit the movement of your thumb, which allows the joint to rest.

• #2 Basal Joint Arthritis: Symptoms & Treatment | MD West ONE

  https://mdwestone.com/basal-joint-arthritis/

  Basal (carpometacarpal) joint arthritis is a very common arthritic condition usually associated with Osteoarthritis. […] Osteoarthritis is the loss of the gliding surfaces (cartilage) associate with degenerative arthritic osteophytes. […] This arthritic process is three times as common in women and is found in both hands in 80% of the patients. […] Osteoarthritis is a condition that usually develops over time, with symptoms typically appearing between the ages of 50 and 60. […] In general, most procedures today involve the resection or removal of the trapezium, which is the wrist bone that sits directly under the thumb. […] Multiple studies have shown this can be removed without compromise to the wrist joint itself. […] Currently, a standard amongst hand surgeons is the utilization of a tendon graft.

• #2 Basal Joint Arthritis: Osteoarthritis of the Thumb | HSS

  https://www.hss.edu/conditions_basal-joint-arthritis-overview.asp

  Arthritis at the base of the thumb is one of the most common locations and can be very disabling. […] Like other forms of osteoarthritis, basal thumb arthritis develops when cartilage on the surfaces of the bones that meet at the joint wears away and the metacarpal bone begins to slip out of the joint. […] The condition is not related to specific activities that the individual has participated in, Dr. Hotchkiss says, Instead, there appears to be a genetic or anatomic component in its origin. […] Determining the appropriate treatment for a patient with basal thumb arthritis is a highly individualized process, according to Dr. Hotchkiss, in which the physician and patient must factor in the degree to which the arthritis interferes with activities of daily living, pain experienced by the patient, and patient expectations.

• #2 Thumb Arthritis > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/thumb-arthritis

  As this joint becomes worn, often due to age, it can lead to a painful condition called thumb arthritis (also known as CMC arthritis or basal joint arthritis). Arthritis refers to inflammation in a joint, causing the pain, stiffness, and swelling that makes it so difficult to perform even simple tasks. […] There are many different types of arthritis, but the kind that most often affects the thumb is osteoarthritis, the most common form of arthritis. With osteoarthritis, the cartilage inside your joints starts to break down, causing changes in the bone that typically start slowly and worsen over time. […] An injury to the thumb raises the likelihood that you will develop thumb arthritis. Other conditions, including lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, might also cause deterioration of the basal joint.

• #2 Arthritis at the Base of the Thumb

  https://www.massgeneral.org/orthopaedics/hand/conditions-and-treatments/arthritis-at-the-base-of-the-thumb

  In osteoarthritis (or degenerative arthritis), the cartilage layer wears out, resulting in direct contact between the bones. […] The cause of this form of arthritis is unknown in most cases. Past injuries to the joint, such as fractures or severe sprains, and generalized joint laxity may increase the chances of developing this form of arthritis at a younger age. […] Although x-rays help confirm the diagnosis, symptom severity often does not correlate directly with the joints appearance on the x-ray. […] Patients with advanced arthritis or who do not respond to non-surgical treatment may be candidates for surgical reconstruction. A variety of surgical techniques are available that can successfully reduce or eliminate pain and improve thumb position and function.

• #2 Basal thumb arthritis: Is it causing your thumb joint pain? | HealthPartners Blog

  https://www.healthpartners.com/blog/thumb-arthritis/

  There are several reasons why you may be more likely to get thumb arthritis, including: Being a female (or assigned female at birth), Age of 40 years or older, Being very overweight, Hereditary conditions that affect joint stability or structure, Jobs or activities that require repetitive motions or forceful gripping, Previous thumb injury. […] In order to understand the stage of your thumb arthritis, your doctor may recommend thumb arthritis tests such as X-rays or other imaging to check for bone spurs, cartilage loss or changes in joint space. […] Your treatment will depend on your symptoms and stage of basal thumb arthritis, but it typically begins with a combination of a thumb brace, medications, home remedies and hand therapy. […] Corticosteroid injections can offer temporary pain relief and reduce inflammation, making it easier to move your thumb and perform everyday tasks. […] Surgery may be a good option if your thumb pain doesnt get better with other treatments.

• #2 Basal thumb arthritis: Treatment strategies for managing pain

  https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2020/november/basal-thumb-arthritis

  The carpometacarpal joint (CMCJ) of the thumb is one of the joints most commonly affected by arthritis. […] Attrition ruptures of this ligament have been postulated to initiate changes in the biomechanics that eventually lead to arthritis of the joint. […] Furthermore, CMCJ morphology itself may have a part to play in the development of arthritis within this joint. […] The aim of non-operative management of basal thumb arthritis is to restore thumb functionality by treating pain and improving stability, mobility and strength. […] A systematic review of the literature looking at the benefits of intra-articular injections of either corticosteroids or hyaluronate showed mixed results. […] The mechanism of action of each differs, with corticosteroids modulating the inflammatory process while hyaluronate restores the reduced viscoelasticity of the synovial fluid.

• #2 Basal Thumb Osteoarthritis: Anatomy, Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.theplasticsfella.com/basal-thumb-osteoarthritis/

  Osteoarthritis results in cartilage loss, bone changes, and ligament instability, causing joint narrowing, deformities, and finger nodules. […] Osteoarthritis leads to joint degeneration, characterized by cartilage degradation, bone changes, and ligament instability, which results in reduced joint space, bone deformities, and characteristic finger nodes. […] Osteoarthritis manifests through a cascade of joint alterations, including matrix breakdown, cartilage wear, and bone changes, leading to distinctive symptoms and structural deformities. The progression entails: […] Compromised posterior oblique and volar beak ligaments cause the metacarpal to shift, leading to notable joint deformities such as subluxation. […] Eburnation is the result of bony friction at the site of cartilage erosion and turns the underlying bone into ivory like surface. This wearing away of the surface also causes volar beak ligament instability.

• #2 Thumb arthritis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/thumb-arthritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20378339

  Thumb arthritis occurs when the cartilage in the carpometacarpal (CMC) joint wears away. […] With thumb arthritis, the cartilage that covers the ends of the bones deteriorates, and its smooth surface roughens. The bones then rub against each other, resulting in friction and joint damage. […] The damage to the joint might result in growth of new bone along the sides of the existing bone (bone spurs), which can produce noticeable lumps on your thumb joint.

• #2 Thumb Arthritis | UW Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine

  https://orthop.washington.edu/patient-care/hand/thumb-arthritis.html

  Thumb arthritis is most common in the thumb carpometacarpal joint, between the base of the thumb metacarpal and a wrist bone (the trapezium). […] The exact cause of thumb arthritis is unknown, but researchers have postulated that its a combination of factors including joint ligament laxity, deformed joints, prior fracture or injury to the thumb, and repetitive load to the joint. […] With progressive wear and tear (degenerative arthritis or osteoarthritis), the cartilage becomes thinner and there is direct contact between the bony surfaces (bone-on-bone). […] In advanced stages, bone spurs, or osteophytes, can form in the joint, causing the thumb metacarpal to slide out of the saddle. Hyperextension instability can also occur in the adjacent joint (metacarpophalangeal joint). […] Correction of the deformity and change in contact in early stages of thumb arthritis provides pain relief by off-loading the joint.

• #2 Basal thumb arthritis: stages and definition of arthritis in the thumb | Epitact

  https://epitact.co.uk/hand-wrist/rhizarthrosis/definition-progression-thumb-osteoarthritis

  The first stage corresponds to joint space narrowing without subluxation (movement of bones in the joint) or osteophytes (formation of bone spurs near the joint). […] The second stage of arthritis in the thumb involves slight subluxation that can still be treated and early stage osteophytosis. […] The third stage refers to osteophytosis with significant joint space narrowing and advanced stage subluxation. […] The fourth and last stage of basal thumb arthritis consists of complete destruction of the joint space, with prominent osteophytes, geodes (cysts) and ankylosis of the trapeziometacarpal joint. […] We briefly said that overuse of the joint was a major risk factor of basal thumb arthritis. So the first line of treatment is based on joint rest and anti-inflammatory medication.

• #2 Thumb (Basal Joint) Arthritis: Pain, Tests & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/thumb-arthritis

  Thumb arthritis, osteoarthritis, developing in a persons thumb joint. […] Arthritis in your thumb occurs when the protective cartilage cushioning your thumb joints starts to wear out and deteriorate. […] Arthritis in your thumb happens when the protective cartilage that cushions your thumb joints starts to wear out and deteriorate (osteoarthritis). […] Osteoarthritis in your thumb usually develops in the carpometacarpal (CMC or basal) joint. […] Thumb arthritis risk factors include: […] Arthritis in your thumb happens when the cartilage that cushions your thumb joints breaks down (degenerate). […] Cartilage helps your bones to glide easily in your joints. Age and use can make cartilage break down. That can cause your bones to rub against each other, which causes friction and damage. […] Your provider may recommend steroid injections if your symptoms are severe or get worse. […] Options for surgery include: […] Thumb arthritis is a very treatable condition. Nonsurgical treatments often ease symptoms. But surgery is an option when other treatments dont relieve symptoms.

• #2 Recognizing Thumb Arthritis – Jeffrey M. Jacobson, M.D.

  https://jacobsonmd.com/recognizing-thumb-arthritis/

  Arthritis is an umbrella term for a large number of conditions that cause joint pain. The most common type that affects the thumb and the most common type in general is osteoarthritis, also known as wear-and-tear arthritis. […] Osteoarthritis is the degeneration of the cartilage at the ends of bones that allow them to glide smoothly together in a joint. Known as articular cartilage, when it is worn away enough, the joint has painful bone-on-bone contact every time it moves. The basal joint—the base of the thumb—is affected more often than the other thumb joints. […] One thumb arthritis test that many healthcare professionals perform involves holding the base of the thumb and moving the digit around. If the patient complains of pain, or if the movement produces a grinding sound, which is known as crepitus, thumb osteoarthritis is likely. […] The bone-on-bone grinding of end-stage osteoarthritis produces small growths on the bones called bone spurs or osteophytes. These bone spurs will also show up on an X-ray and support the diagnosis of osteoarthritis.

• #2 Osteoarthritis of the carpometacarpal thumb joint – South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

  https://www.southtees.nhs.uk/resources/osteoarthritis-of-the-carpometacarpal-thumb-joint/

  In severe OA, the cartilage can become so thin that it no longer covers the joint surfaces, and damage is caused to the bone ends by them grinding against each other during movement. […] This can mean that you avoid using these joints, subsequently causing the surrounding muscles to weaken. This can, over time, change the shape of the joint creating a deformity, as the joint is no longer held in its natural position. […] Splints are designed to be worn during activities to help reduce the pain you are experiencing and support the joint to help prevent further damage. […] If your symptoms cannot be adequately managed with the methods described within this information, you may want to discuss the possibility of surgery with your consultant. There are a variety of operations that can relieve the symptoms but surgery should be avoided where the symptoms can be managed with other methods. […] Common surgical procedures include include removal of arthritic bone, replacement of the joint (arthoplasty), or fusion of the bone.

• #2 Osteoarthritis of the carpometacarpal thumb joint – South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

  https://www.southtees.nhs.uk/resources/osteoarthritis-of-the-carpometacarpal-thumb-joint/

  This has been written to provide you with information about your thumb arthritis and give you a better understanding of your thumb joint, why you experience pain, and how you can manage your symptoms […] Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and affects mainly the joint’s cartilage and surrounding bone tissue. There are many factors that can increase the risk of the developing OA; for example it is more common in females over the age of forty, and is more likely to develop in a joint that has had a previous injury or operation. […] When OA develops in a joint, the cartilage gradually roughens and becomes thin, and the bone underneath thickens. The bones at the edge of the joint grow outwards in bony ‘spurs’ and excess synovial fluid can be produced, causing the joint to swell.

• #2 Arthritis of the Thumb – OrthoInfo – AAOS

  https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases–conditions/arthritis-of-the-thumb/

  Arthritis of the base of the thumb is more common in women than in men, and usually occurs after 40 years of age. Prior fractures or other injuries to the joint may increase the likelihood of developing this condition. […] An X-ray may show deterioration of the joint, including narrowing of the joint space and formation of bone spurs. […] Because arthritis is a progressive, degenerative disease, the condition may worsen over time. […] When nonsurgical treatment is no longer effective, surgery is an option. […] One option involves fusing the bones of the joint together. This reduces pain and allows for a strong pinch; however, it will limit movement of the thumb. […] Another option is to remove part of the joint and suspend the remaining thumb using a tendon in your wrist or a medical device. This procedure alleviates pain and allows for continued motion of the thumb. […] Basal joint arthritis, or thumb CMC arthritis, is a very treatable condition, and many patients are satisfied with their outcome after treatment.

• #2 Thumb Arthritis Treatment I Hand Surgery in Orange County

  https://www.hoagorthopedicinstitute.com/what-hurts-/hand-wrist/conditions/thumb-arthritis/

  Degenerative thumb arthritis also known as basal joint arthritis is more common in women, and typically occurs sometime after 40 years of age. There is a genetic predisposition in developing this arthritis condition and additionally, any type of trauma to the thumb can predispose one to thumb arthritis. […] There are other conditions such as inflammatory arthritis (Lupus, Rheumatoid Arthritis) that can affect the base of the thumb and cause the deterioration of that joint, which may ultimately lead to thumb joint reconstruction surgery. […] As the arthritis progresses, the pain and weakness may increase along with decreasing range of motion at the base of the thumb. […] As the arthritis advances even further, bone spurs may develop, resulting in an enlarged appearance at the base of the thumb. […] When conservative treatment fails to alleviate hand pain caused from arthritis and when the patient is sufficiently symptomatic, reconstructive surgery is an option.

• #2 Basal thumb arthritis: stages and definition of arthritis in the thumb | Epitact

  https://epitact.co.uk/hand-wrist/rhizarthrosis/definition-progression-thumb-osteoarthritis

  Basal thumb arthritis is arthritis at the basal joint of the thumb. It is also referred to as thumb osteoarthritis, which is the most common type of arthritis. It often affects both hands. […] Arthritis in the thumb is the degeneration of the cartilage of the affected joint. This is a chronic disease, which means it is a persistent and long-lasting condition. This progression is very slow and spreads over 10 years. Most of the time, it comes with time, because age is often related to overuse of the joints. […] Basal thumb arthritis causes pain at the base of the thumb, joint stiffness and loss of strength of the thumb-index pinch grip. These symptoms of thumb arthritis are likely to impair the ability to do daily activities. The condition can also progress by inflammatory flare-ups, which prove to be particularly painful. In the most severe stages of basal thumb arthritis, a deformity of the thumb appears, usually in a Z-shape or M-shape in some cases.

• #2 Hand to Shoulder Center of Wisconsin | Thumb Arthritis

  https://handtoshoulderwisconsin.com/our-specialties/hand/thumb-arthritis/

  Cartilage is a protective covering at the end of the bones that permits gliding and range of motion movements to the joint. When the cartilage starts to break down, the body cannot replace it. Instead the body tries to repair itself by laying down bone. This new bone is not smooth, but rough. The osteophytes, or uneven bone, results in arthritic changes within the joint. As the disease progresses over time, functionality may decrease causing difficulty to normal everyday activities, such as turning a key or opening a door. […] Utilizing the X-ray findings in combination with the physician’s examination, thumb arthritis is classified in stages of I, II, III, or IV. Stage I will display limited damage to the CMC joint; as the levels increase, the damage to the cartilage becomes more widespread. Bone spurs, narrowing of the joint space and even joint dislocation may be seen in Stage IV.

• #2 Thumb Arthritis Treatment in New Jersey | Basal Thumb Arthritis

  https://www.advancedreconstruction.com/hand-upper-extremity/what-we-treat/cmc-basal-thumb-arthritis

  Osteoarthritis of the base of the thumb, also known as first carpometacarpal joint (CMC) or basilar joint arthritis, is the second most common form of arthritis in the hand. […] It involves the wear and tear of the cartilage between the first metacarpal and the trapezium. […] It is, therefore, very susceptible to deterioration and can cause significant pain and loss of function when it does not work properly. […] The pain initially occurs sporadically and, as the joint degenerates further, can become more persistent and more difficult to live with. […] Eventually, the joint mechanics will deteriorate and other joints in the thumb can become affected, leading to a Z deformity of the thumb. […] Arthritis is a generic term that indicates the degeneration of this cartilage, which can lead to bone on bone motion that causes significant pain and deformity.

• #2 Base of Thumb Arthritis – Fife Virtual Hand Clinic

  https://fifevirtualhandclinic.co.uk/base-of-thumb-arthritis/

  The joint at the base of the thumb, between the metacarpal and trapezium bones (1st carpo-metacarpal joint), becomes arthritic as people age. This is osteoarthritis, which is caused by loss of the smooth cartilage surface covering the ends of the bones in the joints. The arthritis itself is always present, and never improves, but the symptoms from it often go away completely over the course of a few years. […] Pain from osteoarthritis can, therefore, make people worry about their hands and this worry usually has two forms: […] Generally speaking, pain burns out with time, and the chances of symptoms being much worse in a year or two are small. […] Actually, there is no harm in using the arthritic thumb normally. Normal use of the hand does not cause the condition to worsen ageing and genetics are responsible for the rate of deterioration. […] It is important to note that treatment is not necessary for the arthritis itself, but may help with pain control. […] Surgery is a last resort, as the symptoms often stabilise over the long term and can be controlled by the non-surgical treatments above.

• #2 Arthritis at the Base of the Thumb | UConn Musculoskeletal Institute

  https://health.uconn.edu/msi/clinical-services/orthopaedic-surgery/hand-and-wrist/arthritis-at-the-base-of-the-thumb/

  Arthritis at the base of the thumb is more common in women and usually starts after age 40. The cause of this form of arthritis is unknown in most cases. […] The most common symptom of thumb basal joint arthritis is a deep, aching pain at the base of the thumb. […] As the disease progresses, patients may experience pain at rest and at night, and patients often note loss of pinch and grip strength. […] The appearance of the thumb and the location of the pain are usually very helpful in identifying this condition. […] Less severe thumb arthritis will usually respond to non-surgical care. […] Patients with advanced arthritis or who do not respond to non-surgical treatment may be candidates for surgical reconstruction.

• #2 Arthritis of the Thumb | Dr. Gordon Groh

  https://www.drgordongroh.com/orthopaedic-injuries-treatment/hand-wrist/arthritis-of-the-thumb/

  The pain associated with arthritis typically progresses. Initial symptoms are then triggered with less activity and the pain becomes more constant. […] Patients with thumb arthritis complain of loss of grip and pinch strength. […] Routine x-rays are helpful in determining the health of joints. Healthy joints have appropriate clear spaces between joints inhabited by healthy cartilage. As the cartilage is degraded, this amount of space is decreased and may be accompanied by the development of osteophytes. […] Treatment of thumb arthritis mirrors arthritis treatment for larger joints. Early in the disease, activity modification may be helpful. Later stages may respond to anti-inflammatory agents such as naproxen or ibuprofen. […] Patients who continue to have symptoms in spite of maximum conservative management are candidates for surgery. Fusion of arthritis joints can decrease pain, but at the expense of motion, which is critical for good thumb function. More commonly, the trapezium bone is resected and a tendon is used to reconstruct the joint for function and stability. […] Modern hand surgery arthroplasty care has greatly improved the results for patients.

• #2 Basal thumb arthritis | Healthify

  https://healthify.nz/health-a-z/b/basal-thumb-arthritis

  Symptoms of basal thumb arthritis include: pain at the base of your thumb that worsens during activity, pain at the base of your thumb that bothers you during the night, loss of grip strength and fine control, stiffness that is worse in the morning, swelling at the base of your thumb, a bony bulge at the base of your thumb, creaking or cracking sensations with thumb or hand movement, deformed thumb joints if the condition progresses to a later stage. […] Treatment for osteoarthritis cannot cure the condition, but can help with reducing the pain, maintaining your ability to work or do activities you enjoy, reducing how often your joint becomes inflamed and painful (flare-ups), preventing joint changes from getting worse. […] If joint changes, pain and disability are all severe and a comprehensive management programme including the above measures is not helping, surgical procedures such as removing the trapezium, carpal and metacarpal bone fusion or joint replacement may be necessary.

• #2 Arthritis: Base of the Thumb at the Wrist | Andrews Sports Medicine

  https://www.andrewssportsmedicine.com/conditions-treatments/arthritis-base-of-the-thumb-at-the-wrist

  Arthritis at the wrist is when the cartilage layer wears out and there is direct contact between bones producing pain. […] In osteoarthritis (OA, also called degenerative arthritis) the cartilage layer wears out, resulting in direct contact between the bones and producing pain and deformity. […] OA at the base of the thumb at the level of the wrist is more commonly seen in women over the age of 40. The exact cause is unknown, but genetics, previous injuries such as fractures or dislocations, and generalized joint laxity may predispose towards development of this type of arthritis. […] The most common symptom is pain at the base of the thumb at the level of the wrist. […] In more severe cases, progressive destruction and mal-alignment of the joint occurs, and a bump develops at the base of the thumb, which occurs as the metacarpal moves out of the saddle joint. […] The diagnosis is made by history and physical evaluation. […] Less severe thumb arthritis will usually respond to non-surgical care. […] Patients with advanced disease or who fail non-surgical treatment may be candidates for surgical reconstruction.

• #2 Basal Thumb Arthritis Treatment in Dallas, TX | Symptoms & More

  https://handandwristinstitute.com/basal-thumb-arthritis/

  Basal Thumb Arthritis is diagnosed with a careful history, thorough physical examination, and imaging studies. X rays with standard and stress views are employed to evaluate the joint. These views will assess joint misalignment (subluxation), joint space narrowing, osteophyte formation, and the condition of the cartilage. MRI may be used to help plan for surgery if indicated. […] Surgical treatment of Basal Thumb Arthritis is reserved for cases that fail conservative methods and cause substantial disability and pain to the patient. There are several surgical techniques to choose from. One method involves debriding the joint to create a new articular surface and then pinning it together, allowing fusion of the bones. While this accomplishes realignment and stops the pain, it also holds the metacarpal and carpal bone in a fixed position, preventing movement. […] Dr. Knight prefers to remove the trapezium and tether the thumb metacarpal with the most innovative material around: the Mini Tight Rope. This thin, strong surgical suture will allow movement of the metacarpals without the immobility associated with rods, pins, or screws once the joint has healed.

• #2 Osteoarthritis of the thumb | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/muscle-bone-and-joints/arm-shoulder-and-hand-problems-and-conditions/osteoarthritis-of-the-thumb/

  Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis in the UK, affecting a large proportion of the population. […] Its caused by changes in the cartilage that cover the end of the bone within the joint. The cartilage becomes thin and rough, and can make movement of the joint difficult. […] Osteoarthritis can develop at any age, but usually appears after the age of 45. It can also develop after trauma to the thumb or wrist area. […] It mainly affects the joint at the base of your thumb. It can become painful, swollen and difficult to use if you have OA. […] A splint is often advised by your healthcare professional as a first treatment option. The aim of the splint is to support the thumb to reduce pain. […] Corticosteroids are medicines that help reduce pain and inflammation. They may also be given with a local anaesthetic. […] In some cases, surgery may be an option if all other treatment options have been tried. The operation is called a trapeziectomy and involves removing a small bone at the base of the thumb to reduce pain.

• #2 Thumb Arthritis | UW Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine

  https://orthop.washington.edu/patient-care/hand/thumb-arthritis.html

  In this procedure, your surgeon removes the diseased cartilage and fuses the bones in the affected joint. This provides stability and decreases pain. […] In this procedure, all or part of the bone in the arthritic joint is removed, followed by tendon arthroplasty. The surgeon uses your tendon to reconstruct the thumb ligament to restore stability (suspensionplasty) and use remnants of the tendon as a pillow or cushion (interposition) for the joint.

• #2 Thumb Arthritis Solutions – Nebraska Hand & Shoulder Institute

  https://www.carpaltunnelrelief.net/wrist/thumb-arthritis/

  Numerous studies show that resection arthroplasty is the best surgical option for thumb arthritis treatment. […] For arthritis limited to the trapeziometacarpal joint, titanium or pyrocarbon hemi-arthroplasty may also be viable options. […] Complete replacement of the thumb CMC joint, similar to total knee replacement, is a difficult procedure with disappointing results in most surgeon’s hands. […] Because of the heavy force the thumb is subjected to, there appears to be a higher rate of loosening. With loosening comes pain and then removal of the implant, i.e. back to the starting point. Thus, total joint replacement of the CMC joint of the thumb is generally not considered a surgical option at this time.

• #2 Thumb Arthritis | Osteopathy and Physiotherapy in Jersey and Northampton

  https://osteopathy.colganosteo.com/thumb-arthritis/

  Adults with increased body mass index (BMI) are also at risk for CMC arthritis. […] Second, patients with a higher body mass index also have elevated levels of lipids (fats), hormones, and insulin-like growth factor around the joint. Local biochemical changes from these hormones may speed up joint degeneration.

• #3 Basal thumb arthritis: Treatment strategies for managing pain

  https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2020/november/basal-thumb-arthritis

  The carpometacarpal joint (CMCJ) of the thumb is one of the joints most commonly affected by arthritis. […] Attrition ruptures of this ligament have been postulated to initiate changes in the biomechanics that eventually lead to arthritis of the joint. […] Furthermore, CMCJ morphology itself may have a part to play in the development of arthritis within this joint. […] The aim of non-operative management of basal thumb arthritis is to restore thumb functionality by treating pain and improving stability, mobility and strength. […] A systematic review of the literature looking at the benefits of intra-articular injections of either corticosteroids or hyaluronate showed mixed results. […] The mechanism of action of each differs, with corticosteroids modulating the inflammatory process while hyaluronate restores the reduced viscoelasticity of the synovial fluid.

• #3 Basal thumb arthritis: Treatment strategies for managing pain

  https://www1.racgp.org.au/ajgp/2020/november/basal-thumb-arthritis

  With more advanced disease or failure of non-operative management, surgical strategies can be considered. […] The goal of surgical intervention is to eliminate pain and restore hand function while maintaining stability and mobility. […] There is strong consensus that the removal of the arthritic articular surfaces of the thumb CMCJ is associated with good clinical outcomes. […] A variety of implantable devices have been described with varying results in the literature. […] The overall rate of implantable device failure is likely to be underestimated because of the small sample sizes and the short- to medium-term follow-up period in these study groups.

• #3 Thumb Arthritis > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/thumb-arthritis

  If these methods do not help, the next step would be to inject a steroid medication directly into the joint. The injection may provide relief for several months and can be repeated indefinitely. […] When nonsurgical approaches are no longer effective, surgery is an option. The best type of surgery for you depends on a number of factors, including the progression of the disease and how painful the symptoms are. In most cases, surgery for thumb arthritis involves removing some or part of trapezium (a bone in the thumb joint) with varying ways of stabilizing the joint. […] We take out the arthritic bone and reconstruct the tendon or ligament to hold the thumb in place.

• #3 Basal thumb arthritis: stages and definition of arthritis in the thumb | Epitact

  https://epitact.co.uk/hand-wrist/rhizarthrosis/definition-progression-thumb-osteoarthritis

  Basal thumb arthritis is arthritis at the basal joint of the thumb. It is also referred to as thumb osteoarthritis, which is the most common type of arthritis. It often affects both hands. […] Arthritis in the thumb is the degeneration of the cartilage of the affected joint. This is a chronic disease, which means it is a persistent and long-lasting condition. This progression is very slow and spreads over 10 years. Most of the time, it comes with time, because age is often related to overuse of the joints. […] Basal thumb arthritis causes pain at the base of the thumb, joint stiffness and loss of strength of the thumb-index pinch grip. These symptoms of thumb arthritis are likely to impair the ability to do daily activities. The condition can also progress by inflammatory flare-ups, which prove to be particularly painful. In the most severe stages of basal thumb arthritis, a deformity of the thumb appears, usually in a Z-shape or M-shape in some cases.

Zobacz więcej