Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Pink eye (conjunctivitis) – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pink-eye/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20376360

  Pink eye treatment is usually focused on symptom relief. Your care professional may recommend: […] In most cases, you won’t need antibiotic eye drops. Since conjunctivitis is usually viral, antibiotics won’t help. They may even cause harm by reducing their effectiveness in the future or causing a medicine reaction. Instead, the virus needs time to run its course. This typically takes around 2 to 3 weeks. […] Antiviral medicines may be an option if your viral conjunctivitis is caused by the herpes simplex virus. […] If the irritation is allergic conjunctivitis, your healthcare professional may prescribe one of many different types of eye drops for people with allergies. These may include medicines that help control allergic reactions, such as antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers. Or your care professional may recommend medicines to help control inflammation, such as decongestants, steroids and anti-inflammatory drops.

• #1 Conjunctivitis (pink eye) | AOA

  https://www.aoa.org/healthy-eyes/eye-and-vision-conditions/conjunctivitis

  Treating conjunctivitis has three main goals: […] The appropriate treatment for conjunctivitis depends on its cause. […] The first step is to remove or avoid the irritant, if possible. Cool compresses and artificial tears sometimes relieve discomfort in mild cases. In more severe cases, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications and antihistamines may be prescribed. People with persistent allergic conjunctivitis may also require topical steroid eye drops. Oral antihistamines may also be prescribed. […] This type of conjunctivitis is usually treated with antibiotic eye drops or ointments. Bacterial conjunctivitis may improve after three or four days of treatment, but patients need to take the entire course of antibiotics to prevent a recurrence. […] No drops or ointments can treat viral conjunctivitis. Antibiotics will not cure a viral infection.

• #1 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Pink eye is treatable, regardless of the cause. Some treatments are more specific, while others help many types of pink eye or its most common symptoms. […] Most pink eye treatments are medications. Many of these focus on treating the symptoms of pink eye, regardless of the type causing them. These medications usually include corticosteroids or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen (Advil or Motrin). The medications for the different types of conjunctivitis also include: […] Bacterial conjunctivitis: Antibiotics (eye drops, ointments or pills) treat bacterial conjunctivitis. […] Viral conjunctivitis: Pink eye from viruses doesn’t need treatment unless the virus causing it is herpes simplex, varicella-zoster (chickenpox/shingles) or an STI. These viral infections need antiviral drugs because viral pink eye can cause permanent damage and vision loss without treatment.

• #1 Conjunctivitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541034/

  Conjunctivitis refers to the inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva. This activity provides the learner with valuable information regarding the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, evaluation, and management of conjunctivitis. Implement evidence-based management strategies for conjunctivitis, optimizing patient outcomes. The recommended treatment for gonococcal conjunctivitis is ceftriaxone 1 gm intramuscular (IM); the recommendation is to treat concurrent chlamydial infection with 1 gm azithromycin by mouth (PO). Viral conjunctivitis due to adenoviruses is self-limiting, and treatment should target symptomatic relief with cold compresses and artificial tears. Patients with herpes simplex keratitis should receive antiviral therapy. Treatment of herpes zoster conjunctivitis includes a combination of oral antivirals and topical steroids; however, steroids should only be part of therapy in consultation with ophthalmology. The treatment for allergic conjunctivitis consists of allergen avoidance, artificial tears, cold compresses, and a wide range of topical agents. Patients with moderate to severe pain, vision loss, corneal involvement, severe purulent discharge, conjunctival scarring, recurrent episodes, lack of response to therapy, or herpes simplex virus keratitis should receive a prompt referral to an ophthalmologist.

• #1 Conjunctivitis: a systematic review of diagnosis and treatment – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24150468/

  Conjunctivitis is a common problem. […] To examine the diagnosis, management, and treatment of conjunctivitis, including various antibiotics and alternatives to antibiotic use in infectious conjunctivitis and use of antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers in allergic conjunctivitis. […] Topical antibiotics decrease the duration of bacterial conjunctivitis and allow earlier return to school or work. […] Conjunctivitis secondary to sexually transmitted diseases such as chlamydia and gonorrhea requires systemic treatment in addition to topical antibiotic therapy. […] Treatment for viral conjunctivitis is supportive. Treatment with antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers alleviates the symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis.

• #1 Bacterial Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Topical Antibiotic Therapy, Neonatal Chlamydial and Gonococcal Infection

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1191730-treatment

  Bacterial conjunctivitis generally lasts 1-2 weeks and usually is self-limiting. The mainstay of treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis is topical antibiotic therapy, with the intent of significantly reducing the duration of symptoms and likelihood of contagion. Ideally, the antibiotic should be specific for the causative organism. Unfortunately, bacterial culturing, although recommended, is not always available nor cost-effective for routine cases, and Gram stain may take several days to yield results. […] For mild and nonvision-threatening bacterial conjunctivitis, older-generation antibiotics should be used. This is especially important for those treated via telemedicine. Later-generation antibiotics should be reserved for more serious infections to minimize creation of bacterial resistance in the ocular surface flora.

• #1 Acute Bacterial Conjunctivitis – Eye Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/eye-disorders/conjunctival-and-scleral-disorders/acute-bacterial-conjunctivitis

  Treatment of Acute Bacterial Conjunctivitis includes topical antibiotics for infections caused by Staphylococcus species, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae. […] Systemic antibiotics are used for gonococcal and chlamydial infection. […] If one of the more common causes of bacterial conjunctivitis (eg, Staphylococcus species, S. pneumoniae, or H. influenzae) is suspected, most clinicians treat presumptively with a broad-spectrum topical antibiotic (eg, moxifloxacin 0.5% drops or another fluoroquinolone or trimethoprim/polymyxin B 2 to 4 times a day for 7 to 10 days). […] Gonococcal conjunctivitis is suspected when there is severe eyelid edema and profuse purulent exudate. […] A single dose of ceftriaxone 1 g IM plus azithromycin 1 g orally once is recommended to treat possible chlamydial co-infection.

• #1 Conjunctivitis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/1998/0215/p735.html/1000

  In severe cases, a short course of topical corticosteroids is often required for adequate symptomatic relief. However, corticosteroid therapy should only be administered under the direction of an ophthalmologist. […] Treatment consists of a two- to three-week course of oral tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline (Minocin) or erythromycin. […] A single 1-g dose of azithromycin (Zithromax) is recommended for adults with lower genital tract infection, but a longer course may be necessary in patients with chlamydial conjunctivitis. […] Patients with viral conjunctivitis typically present with an acutely red eye, watery discharge, conjunctival swelling, a tender preauricular node, and, in some cases, photophobia and a foreign-body sensation. […] Treatment is supportive. Cold compresses and topical vasoconstrictors may provide symptomatic relief. Topical antibiotics are rarely necessary, because secondary bacterial infection is uncommon. […] Topical corticosteroids should not be used in the management of infectious conjunctivitis unless under the direction of an ophthalmologist. […] Ocular infections due to herpes simplex and herpes zoster are often managed with topical and/or systemic antiviral agents.

• #1 Allergic Conjunctivitis: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/allergic-conjunctivitis

  Allergic conjunctivitis is when allergens cause inflammation in the tissue that lines your eyelids and the whites of your eyes. […] Treatment includes antihistamine medications and eyedrops. […] The only way to treat allergic conjunctivitis is to avoid the cause. First-line treatment typically involves avoiding touching your eyes, home remedies and over-the-counter (OTC) or prescription medications to help ease your symptoms. […] Over-the-counter or prescription medications may include: Artificial tears, Ketotifen eye solution, Bepotastine eye drops, Azelastine eye solution, Cetirizine eye solution, Antihistamines, including fexofenadine, loratadine or cetirizine. […] In severe cases of allergic conjunctivitis that you can’t manage with home remedies or over-the-counter or prescription medications, a healthcare provider may recommend allergy immunotherapy (allergy shots or allergy drops).

• #1 Eye drops for pink eye: Types and how to use them

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/pink-eye-drops

  A doctor may prescribe antihistamine eye drops to treat allergic conjunctivitis in more severe cases. […] If people have persistent allergic conjunctivitis, they may need treatment with topical steroid eye drops, such as loteprednol etabonate (Alrex/Lotemax). […] Doctors may also prescribe antibiotic, antiviral, or anti-allergy eye drops depending on whats causing the conjunctivitis.

• #1

  https://www.aurorahealthcare.org/services/eye-care/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Depending on the cause, pink eye can be mild or more severe, but with the right treatment and care, pink eye symptoms can be managed effectively. […] Effective treatment depends on the type of pink eye you have. […] Theres no specific antiviral treatment, but self-care can help relieve symptoms. Use warm or cool compresses on your eyes, avoid touching or rubbing your eyes, and use artificial tears eye drops to soothe irritation. In severe cases, your doctor may prescribe antiviral medications, especially if linked to other viral conditions such as a cold. […] Antibiotic eye drops or ointments can help clear bacterial infections. Its important to follow your doctors instructions and complete the entire course of antibiotics, even if you start feeling better. […] Over-the-counter or prescription antihistamine eye drops can help relieve itching and redness. Avoiding allergens and using cold compresses can also provide some relief. In some cases, your doctor may recommend oral antihistamines or anti-inflammatory medications such as ibuprofen or naproxen.

• #1 Conjunctivitis (pink eye) | AOA

  https://www.aoa.org/healthy-eyes/eye-and-vision-conditions/conjunctivitis

  Careful flushing of the eyes with saline is a standard treatment for chemical conjunctivitis. People with chemical conjunctivitis also may need to use topical steroids. […] Contact lens wearers may need to temporarily stop wearing their lenses while the condition is active. […] Soothe the discomfort of viral or bacterial conjunctivitis by applying warm compresses to your affected eye or eyes. […] See your doctor of optometry if you think you have conjunctivitis. He or she can diagnose the cause and prescribe the proper treatment.

• #1 How to Treat Pink Eye | Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/treatment/index.html

  Pink eye is a treatable eye condition. […] It’s important to seek medical care for some types of pink eye or if you have complications. […] Use cold compresses and artificial tears to help relieve some of the inflammation and dryness caused by pink eye. […] Stop wearing contact lenses until your eye doctor says it’s okay to start wearing them again. […] See a healthcare provider if you have pink eye along with any of the following: Eye pain, Light sensitivity, Blurred vision that does not improve when discharge is wiped from the eyes, Intense eye redness, Symptoms that get worse or do not improve, If you have bacterial pink eye which does not improve after 24 hours of antibiotic use, A weakened immune system. […] A doctor can prescribe antiviral medication to treat more serious forms of pink eye.

• #1 Medication for Conjunctivitis | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/conjunctivitis/treatments/medication-for-conjunctivitis

  Depending on the cause of conjunctivitis, NYU Langone doctors may recommend medication to treat the condition. […] Others, like antibiotics or steroids, are prescription medications and may be used for more serious cases of conjunctivitis. […] To relieve the dryness associated with viral, bacterial, and allergic conjunctivitis, or conjunctivitis caused by chemical irritation, your doctor may recommend artificial tears, an over-the-counter medication that lubricates the eye. […] For bacterial conjunctivitis, your doctor may recommend antibiotics in the form of eyedrops. […] This class of medications is beneficial for allergic conjunctivitis. […] Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, also known as NSAIDs, reduce inflammation and redness, as well as itching. […] For severe conjunctivitis, which often results from a chemical injury, doctors may prescribe topical corticosteroids as a short-term treatment. […] This type of medication, which is available as eyedrops, targets allergic conjunctivitis by preventing the body from releasing histamine during an allergic reaction.

• #1 Bacterial Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Topical Antibiotic Therapy, Neonatal Chlamydial and Gonococcal Infection

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1191730-treatment

  For moderate to severe bacterial conjunctivitis, the latest-generation fluoroquinolones provide excellent gram-negative and some gram-positive bacterial coverage. Fortified antibiotics also are used in severe cases. Systemic antibiotics are indicated for N gonorrhoeae and chlamydial infections. Surgical intervention is required only when indicated for the treatment of causative conditions, such as hordeolum, nasolacrimal duct obstruction, or sinusitis. […] Steroid use in combination with antibiotics is controversial, and results are mixed in terms of decreasing corneal scarring. Unfortunately, steroids may slow the rate of healing, increase the risk for corneal melting, and increase the risk for elevated IOP. […] Povidone-iodine solution 1.25% ophthalmic solution may be a safe and viable alternative to topical antibiotics for treating bacterial conjunctivitis, especially in resource-poor countries, where antibiotics may be hard to come by and/or expensive.

• #1

  https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/pink-eye-quick-home-remedies

  Pink eye can spread quickly from eye to eye, and from person to person. […] Keep your hands away from infected eyes. […] Wash your hands often, especially if you have touched infected eyes or discharge. […] Use a fresh towel every time you clean infected eyes. […] Don’t share anything that touches your eyes, such as washcloths or makeup. […] Stop wearing contact lenses until your eyes are back to normal. […] Avoid these unproven remedies and only accept advice from medically trusted sources. […] Whatever kind of pink eye you have, don’t use red-reducing eye drops, like Visine. […] Studies of breastmilk and pink eye suggest this remedy does not work. […] If you think someone has measles-related pink eye, they should see an ophthalmologist right away.

• #1 Acute Bacterial Conjunctivitis – Eye Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/eye-disorders/conjunctival-and-scleral-disorders/acute-bacterial-conjunctivitis

  Routine use of erythromycin ointment instilled into each eye at birth effectively prevents gonococcal ophthalmia but does not prevent chlamydial ophthalmia. […] For gonococcal infection, neonates are treated with ceftriaxone or cefotaxime. For chlamydial infection, neonates are treated with erythromycin ethylsuccinate or azithromycin.

• #1 Pink eye (conjunctivitis) – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pink-eye/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20376360

  Nonprescription eye drops called artificial tears may relieve symptoms. Some eye drops contain antihistamines or other medicines that can help people with allergic conjunctivitis. […] If you wear contact lenses, you may need to stop wearing them until your eyes feel better. How long you’ll need to go without contact lenses depends on what’s causing your conjunctivitis.

• #1

  https://www.aurorahealthcare.org/services/eye-care/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Yes, pink eye can often resolve without medical treatment, particularly viral conjunctivitis. Bacterial conjunctivitis may clear up on its own, but antibiotic treatment can help speed up recovery and reduce the risk of complications. […] If you are experiencing severe pain or if changes to your eyesight or pink eye symptoms arent going away on their own, its important to see your doctor to get proper treatment.

• #2 Conjunctivitis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541034/

  Conjunctivitis refers to the inflammation or infection of the conjunctiva. This activity provides the learner with valuable information regarding the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, evaluation, and management of conjunctivitis. Implement evidence-based management strategies for conjunctivitis, optimizing patient outcomes. The recommended treatment for gonococcal conjunctivitis is ceftriaxone 1 gm intramuscular (IM); the recommendation is to treat concurrent chlamydial infection with 1 gm azithromycin by mouth (PO). Viral conjunctivitis due to adenoviruses is self-limiting, and treatment should target symptomatic relief with cold compresses and artificial tears. Patients with herpes simplex keratitis should receive antiviral therapy. Treatment of herpes zoster conjunctivitis includes a combination of oral antivirals and topical steroids; however, steroids should only be part of therapy in consultation with ophthalmology. The treatment for allergic conjunctivitis consists of allergen avoidance, artificial tears, cold compresses, and a wide range of topical agents. Patients with moderate to severe pain, vision loss, corneal involvement, severe purulent discharge, conjunctival scarring, recurrent episodes, lack of response to therapy, or herpes simplex virus keratitis should receive a prompt referral to an ophthalmologist.

• #2 Conjunctivitis: a systematic review of diagnosis and treatment – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24150468/

  Conjunctivitis is a common problem. […] To examine the diagnosis, management, and treatment of conjunctivitis, including various antibiotics and alternatives to antibiotic use in infectious conjunctivitis and use of antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers in allergic conjunctivitis. […] Topical antibiotics decrease the duration of bacterial conjunctivitis and allow earlier return to school or work. […] Conjunctivitis secondary to sexually transmitted diseases such as chlamydia and gonorrhea requires systemic treatment in addition to topical antibiotic therapy. […] Treatment for viral conjunctivitis is supportive. Treatment with antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers alleviates the symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis.

• #2 Patient education: Conjunctivitis (pink eye) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/conjunctivitis-pink-eye-beyond-the-basics

  CONJUNCTIVITIS TREATMENT […] The treatment of conjunctivitis depends upon the cause. For this reason, it is important to have the correct diagnosis before treatment begins. […] Viral conjunctivitis treatment — A topical antihistamine/decongestant eye drop may help to relieve the irritation of viral conjunctivitis. These drops are available without a prescription in most pharmacies. However, particular care must be taken to avoid spreading viral infections from one eye to the other. Apply drops only to affected eye and wash hands thoroughly after application. Similar to cold medicines, this treatment may reduce the symptoms but does not shorten the course of the infection. Another option is to use warm or cool compresses, as needed. […] The irritation and discharge may get worse for three to five days before getting better, and symptoms can persist for two to three weeks.

• #2 How to Treat Pink Eye | Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/treatment/index.html

  Pink eye is a treatable eye condition. […] It’s important to seek medical care for some types of pink eye or if you have complications. […] Use cold compresses and artificial tears to help relieve some of the inflammation and dryness caused by pink eye. […] Stop wearing contact lenses until your eye doctor says it’s okay to start wearing them again. […] See a healthcare provider if you have pink eye along with any of the following: Eye pain, Light sensitivity, Blurred vision that does not improve when discharge is wiped from the eyes, Intense eye redness, Symptoms that get worse or do not improve, If you have bacterial pink eye which does not improve after 24 hours of antibiotic use, A weakened immune system. […] A doctor can prescribe antiviral medication to treat more serious forms of pink eye.

• #2 How to Treat Pink Eye | Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/treatment/index.html

  Antibiotics will NOT improve viral pink eye; these drugs are not effective against viruses. […] Your doctor may prescribe an antibiotic, usually given topically as eye drops or ointment, for bacterial pink eye. […] Talk with your doctor about the best treatment options for your infection. […] Allergy medications and certain eye drops can also provide relief from allergic conjunctivitis.

• #2 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Pink eye is treatable, regardless of the cause. Some treatments are more specific, while others help many types of pink eye or its most common symptoms. […] Most pink eye treatments are medications. Many of these focus on treating the symptoms of pink eye, regardless of the type causing them. These medications usually include corticosteroids or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen (Advil or Motrin). The medications for the different types of conjunctivitis also include: […] Bacterial conjunctivitis: Antibiotics (eye drops, ointments or pills) treat bacterial conjunctivitis. […] Viral conjunctivitis: Pink eye from viruses doesn’t need treatment unless the virus causing it is herpes simplex, varicella-zoster (chickenpox/shingles) or an STI. These viral infections need antiviral drugs because viral pink eye can cause permanent damage and vision loss without treatment.

• #2 Acute Bacterial Conjunctivitis – Eye Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/eye-disorders/conjunctival-and-scleral-disorders/acute-bacterial-conjunctivitis

  Treatment of Acute Bacterial Conjunctivitis includes topical antibiotics for infections caused by Staphylococcus species, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae. […] Systemic antibiotics are used for gonococcal and chlamydial infection. […] If one of the more common causes of bacterial conjunctivitis (eg, Staphylococcus species, S. pneumoniae, or H. influenzae) is suspected, most clinicians treat presumptively with a broad-spectrum topical antibiotic (eg, moxifloxacin 0.5% drops or another fluoroquinolone or trimethoprim/polymyxin B 2 to 4 times a day for 7 to 10 days). […] Gonococcal conjunctivitis is suspected when there is severe eyelid edema and profuse purulent exudate. […] A single dose of ceftriaxone 1 g IM plus azithromycin 1 g orally once is recommended to treat possible chlamydial co-infection.

• #2 Bacterial Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Topical Antibiotic Therapy, Neonatal Chlamydial and Gonococcal Infection

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1191730-treatment

  For moderate to severe bacterial conjunctivitis, the latest-generation fluoroquinolones provide excellent gram-negative and some gram-positive bacterial coverage. Fortified antibiotics also are used in severe cases. Systemic antibiotics are indicated for N gonorrhoeae and chlamydial infections. Surgical intervention is required only when indicated for the treatment of causative conditions, such as hordeolum, nasolacrimal duct obstruction, or sinusitis. […] Steroid use in combination with antibiotics is controversial, and results are mixed in terms of decreasing corneal scarring. Unfortunately, steroids may slow the rate of healing, increase the risk for corneal melting, and increase the risk for elevated IOP. […] Povidone-iodine solution 1.25% ophthalmic solution may be a safe and viable alternative to topical antibiotics for treating bacterial conjunctivitis, especially in resource-poor countries, where antibiotics may be hard to come by and/or expensive.

• #2 Bacterial conjunctivitis: diagnosis and management – The Pharmaceutical Journal

  https://pharmaceutical-journal.com/article/ld/bacterial-conjunctivitis-diagnosis-and-management

  First-line treatments recommended by National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) include: Chloramphenicol 0.5% drops — apply 1 drop every 2 hours for 2 days, then reduce frequency depending on the severity of infection (3–4 times daily is usually sufficient for less severe infection). Continue use until 48 hours after infection has cleared; Chloramphenicol 1% ointment — apply 1cm 3–4 times daily for 2 days, continue to use until 48 hours after infection has cleared; Fusidic acid 1% eye drops — apply 1 drop twice daily. Continue use until 48 hours after infection has cleared. […] Patients who do not respond to treatment within 48 hours and/or who have worsening symptoms should be referred to an ophthalmologist for investigation. […] Patients wearing contact lenses should not be sold chloramphenicol unless advised by an optician, optometrist or GP.

• #2 Conjunctivitis | Johns Hopkins ABX Guide

  https://www.hopkinsguides.com/hopkins/view/Johns_Hopkins_ABX_Guide/540141/all/Conjunctivitis

  Most important for early diagnosis and treatment in the adult: requires systemic therapies rather than topicals. […] Must use systemic abx for gonorrheal or chlamydial disease. […] If there is a poor response after using topicals for 2-3 days, consider resistant bacterial infection or non-infectious cause (viral, allergy). […] Indiscriminate use of either corticosteroids or topical antibiotics should be avoided. Viral conjunctivitis will not respond to anti-bacterial therapies. Mild bacterial conjunctivitis is usually self-limiting. […] Use required for patients with gonococcal disease, treat sexual partners and consider/treat chlamydial co-infection. […] Hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis (Neisseria gonorrhoeae): severe cases should receive injectable medication if feasible. […] Adult inclusion conjunctivitis (Chlamydia trachomatis): Also treat sexual partners.

• #2 Diagnosis and treatment of hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis – EyeWorld

  https://www.eyeworld.org/2018/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-hyperacute-bacterial-conjunctivitis/

  Hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis requires prompt diagnosis and treatment because some types, specifically conjunctivitis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Neisseria meningitides, can cause corneal ulceration, corneal opacification, corneal perforation, and panophthalmitis. […] According to Dr. Mah, it is important to continue to remove the copious amounts of discharge because it contains Neisseria. One of the main treatments is to irrigate and wipe the eye. Fluoroquinolone drops are also effective. Another component is systemic treatment. Azithromycin and doxycycline can be given orally. Patients with gonorrhea usually use ceftriaxone intramuscularly. […] If the physician diagnoses hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis, this can be a sexually transmitted disease by Neisseria gonorrhoeae bacteria, Dr. de Luise said. One should be worried about Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which is the gonococcus, or rarely Neisseria meningitidis, which is the meningococcus that causes meningitis. Neisseria meningitidis can cause a panophthalmitis and subsequent meningitis, which can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.

• #2 Acute Bacterial Conjunctivitis – Eye Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/eye-disorders/conjunctival-and-scleral-disorders/acute-bacterial-conjunctivitis

  Routine use of erythromycin ointment instilled into each eye at birth effectively prevents gonococcal ophthalmia but does not prevent chlamydial ophthalmia. […] For gonococcal infection, neonates are treated with ceftriaxone or cefotaxime. For chlamydial infection, neonates are treated with erythromycin ethylsuccinate or azithromycin.

• #2 Allergic Conjunctivitis: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/allergic-conjunctivitis

  Allergic conjunctivitis is when allergens cause inflammation in the tissue that lines your eyelids and the whites of your eyes. […] Treatment includes antihistamine medications and eyedrops. […] The only way to treat allergic conjunctivitis is to avoid the cause. First-line treatment typically involves avoiding touching your eyes, home remedies and over-the-counter (OTC) or prescription medications to help ease your symptoms. […] Over-the-counter or prescription medications may include: Artificial tears, Ketotifen eye solution, Bepotastine eye drops, Azelastine eye solution, Cetirizine eye solution, Antihistamines, including fexofenadine, loratadine or cetirizine. […] In severe cases of allergic conjunctivitis that you can’t manage with home remedies or over-the-counter or prescription medications, a healthcare provider may recommend allergy immunotherapy (allergy shots or allergy drops).

• #2 Conjunctivitis > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/conjunctivitis

  Allergic conjunctivitis. Avoiding the offending allergen should help to eliminate symptoms within a day or less. Taking oral antihistamines before encountering an allergen may prevent or minimize symptoms when a person knows that they will, for example, visit a relative with a cat. To ease discomfort after exposure to an allergen, people may use: Antihistamine eye drops, which reduce the effects of the allergen; Antihistamine-mast cell stabilizer eye drops; Preservative-free artificial tears, which help to lubricate dry eyes; Cold compresses, which provide cooling relief; Topical corticosteroids, for severe cases, which may help to reduce symptoms more quickly; Tacrolimus ointment, which may be used instead of topical corticosteroids, in some cases. […] Other types of conjunctivitis may be treated by taking a break from wearing contact lenses or treating dry eye. When conjunctivitis is caused by something in the eye, symptoms should resolve quickly once the eye is cleared of foreign matter.

• #2 Diagnosis and Treatment – Moorfields Private

  https://www.moorfields.nhs.uk/private/eye-conditions-and-treatments/conjunctivitis/diagnosis-and-treatment

  Antihistamine tablets see table below. Provided you have no medical reason which prevents you from using antihistamine tablets, these can be taken every day. They are available over the counter at a chemist. Always read the patient information leaflet provided by the manufacturer before taking any medication. Speak to a pharmacist or GP for further advice if you are uncertain. […] Steroid eye drops are used in severe cases – If all the above treatments are being used and there are still symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis, ask your GP to request an appointment with your local ophthalmology service. Steroid eye drops require a prescription, if they are needed.

• #2 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Fungal/parasitic conjunctivitis: Antifungal and antiparasitic drugs are often the main treatment for these forms of pink eye. […] Allergic conjunctivitis: If allergies cause your pink eye, prescription or over-the-counter (OTC) antihistamines and decongestants are often the first treatments a provider will recommend. […] Irritant-related conjunctivitis: If an irritating substance is behind your conjunctivitis, the first step is to flush (rinse) your eyes with plenty of warm water for five minutes. If it’s a strong acid or alkaline substance (like drain cleaner), flush your eyes the same way and then get immediate emergency medical attention. Eye injuries from stronger toxic substances are medical emergencies. […] It’s important to remember that antibiotics only treat bacterial infections. They don’t help viral or allergic pink eye. And if your provider prescribes antibiotics, take them exactly as prescribed until you finish them. Don’t stop taking them once you start feeling better, or the infection could get worse again.

• #2 Conjunctivitis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunctivitis

  When investigated as a treatment, povidone-iodine ophthalmic solution has also been observed to have some effectiveness against bacterial and chlamydial conjunctivitis, with a possible role suggested in locations where topical antibiotics are unavailable or costly. […] Conjunctivitis due to chemicals is treated via irrigation with Ringer’s lactate or saline solution. Chemical injuries, particularly alkali burns, are medical emergencies, as they can lead to severe scarring and intraocular damage. People with chemically induced conjunctivitis should not touch their eyes to avoid spreading the chemical.

• #2

  https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/pink-eye-quick-home-remedies

  When your child wakes up with red, gunky eyes, you want a quick fix but the truth is, most cases of pink eye (also known as conjunctivitis) take about a week to clear up. […] Pink eye can usually be treated at home. But sometimes you may need to see a doctor. […] The best remedy depends on the type of pink eye you have: […] Viral pink eye should go away within a week or two without treatment. […] The good news is that your doctor may be able to prescribe antibiotic eye drops to help this infection go away more quickly. […] You can continue going to school, work, or the gym with allergic conjunctivitis and no one else will catch it. […] If your conjunctivitis is caused by allergies, stopping the source of the allergy is important. […] To reduce the symptoms of allergic pink eye:

• #2 How Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis) Is Treated

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/treatment-of-pink-eye-1298720

  Artificial tears, available over the counter, can provide relief by increasing eye lubrication and reducing some of the gritty sensations that can accompany pink eye. […] Certain forms of conjunctivitis may greatly benefit from prescription medication, while others require it. […] Bacterial conjunctivitis generally lasts for one to two weeks and will usually resolve on its own. If the symptoms fail to improve after five days, your healthcare provider may recommend antibiotic eye drops (typically a broad-spectrum antibiotic able to treat multiple bacterial types). […] While corticosteroid eye drops may be prescribed, their use remains controversial. […] Viral conjunctivitis is the type most familiar to parents with school-aged children. […] Most cases of allergic conjunctivitis are treated conservatively with OTC antihistamines, nasal sprays, eye drops, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

• #2 Conjunctivitis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/1998/0215/p735.html/1000

  In severe cases, a short course of topical corticosteroids is often required for adequate symptomatic relief. However, corticosteroid therapy should only be administered under the direction of an ophthalmologist. […] Treatment consists of a two- to three-week course of oral tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline (Minocin) or erythromycin. […] A single 1-g dose of azithromycin (Zithromax) is recommended for adults with lower genital tract infection, but a longer course may be necessary in patients with chlamydial conjunctivitis. […] Patients with viral conjunctivitis typically present with an acutely red eye, watery discharge, conjunctival swelling, a tender preauricular node, and, in some cases, photophobia and a foreign-body sensation. […] Treatment is supportive. Cold compresses and topical vasoconstrictors may provide symptomatic relief. Topical antibiotics are rarely necessary, because secondary bacterial infection is uncommon. […] Topical corticosteroids should not be used in the management of infectious conjunctivitis unless under the direction of an ophthalmologist. […] Ocular infections due to herpes simplex and herpes zoster are often managed with topical and/or systemic antiviral agents.

• #2 Bacterial Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Topical Antibiotic Therapy, Neonatal Chlamydial and Gonococcal Infection

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1191730-treatment

  Instruct patients to return for follow-up in a timely manner or if they do not recover completely, so that therapy can be reassessed. Consider culture and conjunctival scrapings for resistant cases. […] Hygiene and avoidance of close patient contact and fomites deter bacterial conjunctivitis with infected individuals. Patients and household members should be educated to pay attention to hygiene and the avoidance of close proximity with the infected individual. It is customary to advise the infected individual to avoid sharing napkins, towels, pillow cases, and linens. […] A patient with bacterial conjunctivitis should wash hands often and avoid contaminating public swimming pools. Workers and students often are excused from work or school during the first several days of treatment to decrease the possibility of spread.

• #2 How Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis) Is Treated

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/treatment-of-pink-eye-1298720

  Ophthalmia neonatorum, also known as neonatal conjunctivitis, is caused when a gonorrheal or chlamydial infection is transferred to the baby’s eyes as it passes through the birth canal. […] Chemical conjunctivitis is caused by exposure to smoke, fumes, liquids, and other toxic agents. Mild forms, such as those caused by smoke or chlorine, usually resolve on their own within a day. Seek medication attention if you experience eye pain, sensitivity to light, or vision changes.

• #2 Diagnosis and treatment of hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis – EyeWorld

  https://www.eyeworld.org/2018/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-hyperacute-bacterial-conjunctivitis/

  He noted that the cornea is involved in almost half of the cases of hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis. About 40% of the time, there is an ulceration or a perforation, which is a sight-threatening and life-threatening emergency. These patients need to be admitted to the hospital to an infectious disease service. These patients require intravenous ceftriaxone because the intramuscular route doesn’t work quick enough. […] He added that all patients with hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis need to be treated for gonococcus and for concomitant chlamydial infection, just in case. It takes a few days to prove this by culture, so we should give the patient 1 g orally. Its a simple thing to do, very few people have reactions to it, and it kills the chlamydial piece of the puzzle. […] Treatment is topical erythromycin and intramuscular or intravenous ceftriaxone (25 mg/kg to 50 mg/kg, up to a maximum of 125 mg), according to Dr. de Luise. Prevention of conjunctivitis in neonates is through the use of 1% silver nitrate or 0.5% erythromycin ointment.

• #2 Pink eye (conjunctivitis) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pink-eye/symptoms-causes/syc-20376355

  Pink eye (conjunctivitis) is the inflammation or infection of the transparent membrane that lines your eyelid and eyeball. […] Treatments can help ease the discomfort of pink eye. […] If flushing doesn’t resolve the symptoms, or if the chemical is a caustic one such as lye, see your healthcare professional or eye specialist as soon as possible. […] Prompt evaluation and treatment by your healthcare professional can reduce the risk of complications. […] Most allergic conjunctivitis can be controlled with allergy eye drops. […] That’s why shortly after birth, an antibiotic ointment is applied to every newborn’s eyes. The ointment helps prevent eye infection.

• #2 Patient education: Conjunctivitis (pink eye) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/conjunctivitis-pink-eye-beyond-the-basics

  Bacterial conjunctivitis treatment — Bacterial conjunctivitis is usually treated with an antibiotic eye drop or ointment. When started early, treatment helps to shorten the duration of symptoms, although most cases do resolve spontaneously if no treatment is used. […] Adults — Adults are usually treated with an antibiotic eye drop or ointment for five to seven days. Redness, irritation, and eye discharge should begin to improve within 24 to 48 hours. If there is no improvement or if the condition worsens within this time, the person should be evaluated by an ophthalmologist. […] Contact lens wearers — People who wear contact lenses should be evaluated by a health care provider before treatment begins; this is to confirm the diagnosis of conjunctivitis and to be sure that another, more serious condition related to contact lens use (an infection of the cornea), is not present.

• #2 Conjunctivitis

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/conjunctivitis/

  There are things you can do to help ease the symptoms of conjunctivitis. […] Speak to a pharmacist about conjunctivitis. They can give you advice and suggest eyedrops or antihistamines to help with your symptoms. […] Treatment will depend on the cause of your conjunctivitis. […] If it’s a bacterial infection, you might be prescribed antibiotics. But these will not work if it’s caused by a virus (viral conjunctivitis) or an allergy. […] Some sexually transmitted infections (STIs) can cause conjunctivitis. This type takes longer to get better.

• #3 Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/pink-eye-conjunctivitis

  Pink eye is treatable, regardless of the cause. Some treatments are more specific, while others help many types of pink eye or its most common symptoms. […] Most pink eye treatments are medications. Many of these focus on treating the symptoms of pink eye, regardless of the type causing them. These medications usually include corticosteroids or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen (Advil or Motrin). The medications for the different types of conjunctivitis also include: […] Bacterial conjunctivitis: Antibiotics (eye drops, ointments or pills) treat bacterial conjunctivitis. […] Viral conjunctivitis: Pink eye from viruses doesn’t need treatment unless the virus causing it is herpes simplex, varicella-zoster (chickenpox/shingles) or an STI. These viral infections need antiviral drugs because viral pink eye can cause permanent damage and vision loss without treatment.

• #3 Conjunctivitis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunctivitis

  Prevention is partly by handwashing. Treatment depends on the underlying cause. In the majority of viral cases, there is no specific treatment. Most cases due to a bacterial infection also resolve without treatment; however, antibiotics can shorten the illness. People who wear contact lenses and those whose infection is caused by gonorrhea or chlamydia should be treated. Allergic cases can be treated with antihistamines or mast cell inhibitor drops. […] Conjunctivitis resolves in 65% of cases without treatment, within 25 days. The prescription of antibiotics is not necessary in most cases. […] Viral conjunctivitis usually resolves on its own and does not require any specific treatment. Antihistamines (e.g., diphenhydramine) or mast cell stabilizers (e.g., cromolyn) may be used to help with the symptoms.

• #3 Viral Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) Symptoms & Treatments | Ada

  https://ada.com/conditions/viral-conjunctivitis/

  Mild cases of viral conjunctivitis often clear up within roughly 1-3 weeks without special medical treatment. Symptoms may become worse before getting better. […] A number of home remedies and over-the-counter treatments may help to relieve the discomfort caused by viral conjunctivitis: Applying a cold or warm compress; a clean cloth that has been soaked in water; to the eye, gently clean discharge from the eye with a clean cloth, sterile pad, or cotton wool soaked in water, applying lubricating eye drops to the eye; these are called artificial tears and are available without a prescription. Care must be taken not to use the drops in the other eye if only one eye is infected, applying antihistamine/decongestant eye drops, which are often available without a prescription; these may help to reduce irritation, avoiding the use of contact lenses until the infection has cleared.

• #3 Conjunctivitis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/1998/0215/p735.html/1000

  In severe cases, a short course of topical corticosteroids is often required for adequate symptomatic relief. However, corticosteroid therapy should only be administered under the direction of an ophthalmologist. […] Treatment consists of a two- to three-week course of oral tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline (Minocin) or erythromycin. […] A single 1-g dose of azithromycin (Zithromax) is recommended for adults with lower genital tract infection, but a longer course may be necessary in patients with chlamydial conjunctivitis. […] Patients with viral conjunctivitis typically present with an acutely red eye, watery discharge, conjunctival swelling, a tender preauricular node, and, in some cases, photophobia and a foreign-body sensation. […] Treatment is supportive. Cold compresses and topical vasoconstrictors may provide symptomatic relief. Topical antibiotics are rarely necessary, because secondary bacterial infection is uncommon. […] Topical corticosteroids should not be used in the management of infectious conjunctivitis unless under the direction of an ophthalmologist. […] Ocular infections due to herpes simplex and herpes zoster are often managed with topical and/or systemic antiviral agents.

• #3 Bacterial Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Topical Antibiotic Therapy, Neonatal Chlamydial and Gonococcal Infection

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1191730-treatment

  Bacterial conjunctivitis generally lasts 1-2 weeks and usually is self-limiting. The mainstay of treatment for bacterial conjunctivitis is topical antibiotic therapy, with the intent of significantly reducing the duration of symptoms and likelihood of contagion. Ideally, the antibiotic should be specific for the causative organism. Unfortunately, bacterial culturing, although recommended, is not always available nor cost-effective for routine cases, and Gram stain may take several days to yield results. […] For mild and nonvision-threatening bacterial conjunctivitis, older-generation antibiotics should be used. This is especially important for those treated via telemedicine. Later-generation antibiotics should be reserved for more serious infections to minimize creation of bacterial resistance in the ocular surface flora.

• #3 Acute Bacterial Conjunctivitis – Eye Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/eye-disorders/conjunctival-and-scleral-disorders/acute-bacterial-conjunctivitis

  Treatment of Acute Bacterial Conjunctivitis includes topical antibiotics for infections caused by Staphylococcus species, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae. […] Systemic antibiotics are used for gonococcal and chlamydial infection. […] If one of the more common causes of bacterial conjunctivitis (eg, Staphylococcus species, S. pneumoniae, or H. influenzae) is suspected, most clinicians treat presumptively with a broad-spectrum topical antibiotic (eg, moxifloxacin 0.5% drops or another fluoroquinolone or trimethoprim/polymyxin B 2 to 4 times a day for 7 to 10 days). […] Gonococcal conjunctivitis is suspected when there is severe eyelid edema and profuse purulent exudate. […] A single dose of ceftriaxone 1 g IM plus azithromycin 1 g orally once is recommended to treat possible chlamydial co-infection.

• #3 Conjunctivitis Treatment Protocols Lack Uniformity Across the US  – Optometry Advisor

  https://www.optometryadvisor.com/features/acute-conjunctivitis-treatments-are-inconsistent-between-pediatric-practices/

  Since conjunctivitis is often self-limiting, patient education should focus on preventing its spread and managing symptoms. Proper hygiene practices are imperative children, and members of their household, must wash their hands frequently, use separate towels, and avoid close contact with others while contagious. […] When topical antibiotic use for bacterial conjunctivitis is indicated, treatment with aminoglycosides (gentamicin, tobramycin, neomycin and framycetin), fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and norfloxacin), sulfacetamide, chloramphenicol, or erythromycin may be used. […] Supportive therapies, including lid hygiene for sticky eyelids, cool compresses, and artificial tears, can also improve symptoms in pediatric patients. […] While antibiotic use is not always indicated with conjunctivitis, they can provide symptomatic relief and are safe when used appropriately.

• #3 Diagnosis and treatment of hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis – EyeWorld

  https://www.eyeworld.org/2018/diagnosis-and-treatment-of-hyperacute-bacterial-conjunctivitis/

  Hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis requires prompt diagnosis and treatment because some types, specifically conjunctivitis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Neisseria meningitides, can cause corneal ulceration, corneal opacification, corneal perforation, and panophthalmitis. […] According to Dr. Mah, it is important to continue to remove the copious amounts of discharge because it contains Neisseria. One of the main treatments is to irrigate and wipe the eye. Fluoroquinolone drops are also effective. Another component is systemic treatment. Azithromycin and doxycycline can be given orally. Patients with gonorrhea usually use ceftriaxone intramuscularly. […] If the physician diagnoses hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis, this can be a sexually transmitted disease by Neisseria gonorrhoeae bacteria, Dr. de Luise said. One should be worried about Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which is the gonococcus, or rarely Neisseria meningitidis, which is the meningococcus that causes meningitis. Neisseria meningitidis can cause a panophthalmitis and subsequent meningitis, which can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.

• #3 Conjunctivitis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/1998/0215/p735.html/1000

  Conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae requires aggressive antibiotic therapy, but conjunctivitis due to other bacteria is usually self-limited. […] Treatment requires good eyelid hygiene and the application of topical antibiotics as determined by culture. […] Allergic conjunctivitis is distinguished by severe itching and allergen exposure. This condition is generally treated with topical antihistamines, mast-cell stabilizers or anti-inflammatory agents. […] The diagnosis and treatment of the most common forms of conjunctivitis are also reviewed. […] Treatment measures for seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis include allergen avoidance, cold compresses, vasoconstrictors, antihistamine drops, topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents and mast-cell stabilizers such as cromolyn sodium (Crolom) or lodox-amide (Alomide).

• #3 Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye): Symptoms, Causes, and Types

  https://www.healthline.com/health/conjunctivitis

  In rare cases, other viruses like the herpes simplex or varicella-zoster virus can be involved, which can cause more serious infections. These viruses do have antiviral treatments, but these treatments can only be used for these specific types of viral infections. […] In the meantime, using a warm compress, or a cloth moistened with warm water, can help soothe your symptoms. […] To treat pink eye caused by an allergen, your healthcare professional will probably prescribe an antihistamine to stop the inflammation. […] Loratadine (Claritin) and diphenhydramine (Benadryl) are antihistamines that are available as over-the-counter medications. They may help clear your allergic symptoms, including allergic pink eye. […] Other treatments include antihistamine eye drops or anti-inflammatory eye drops. […] In addition to using a warm compress, you can also purchase eye drops at your local drugstore that mimic your own tears. These may help relieve your pink eye symptoms.

• #3 Pink Eye Medicine: OTC and Prescribed – All About Vision

  https://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/infections-allergies/conjunctivitis/pink-eye-medicine/

  A true bacterial infection, however, typically does not self resolve and will require antibiotics. […] Viral conjunctivitis almost always goes away on its own and can’t be treated with antibiotics. However, antiviral drugs may be used in more serious, rare cases. […] More severe cases of allergic conjunctivitis are generally treated with a steroid eye drop. They may also benefit from stronger prescription antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers, usually in the form of eye drops. […] Like any medication, side effects can occur. These are usually mild, but can vary in severity. […] If you have itchy, red eyes and think you might have pink eye, don’t self-prescribe medicine or other treatment without consulting an eye doctor first. A trained eye care practitioner can examine your eyes in detail, rule out other conditions and decide if eye drops for pink eye are needed. […] Pink eye treatment depends whether it is the result of a virus, bacteria or allergies. Learn when to seek medical care and how to relieve symptoms at home.

• #3 Conjunctivitis (pink eye) | AOA

  https://www.aoa.org/healthy-eyes/eye-and-vision-conditions/conjunctivitis

  Careful flushing of the eyes with saline is a standard treatment for chemical conjunctivitis. People with chemical conjunctivitis also may need to use topical steroids. […] Contact lens wearers may need to temporarily stop wearing their lenses while the condition is active. […] Soothe the discomfort of viral or bacterial conjunctivitis by applying warm compresses to your affected eye or eyes. […] See your doctor of optometry if you think you have conjunctivitis. He or she can diagnose the cause and prescribe the proper treatment.

• #3

  https://www.laparoscopyhospital.com/forum/forum.php?p=&cat_id=&tid=3547

  Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, can have different causes, including viral, bacterial, or allergic reactions. Here are some general tips that may help relieve symptoms at home: Practice good hygiene: Wash your hands frequently with soap and water, especially before and after touching your eyes. Avoid touching or rubbing your eyes, as this can worsen the irritation. Apply a warm compress: Soak a clean cloth in warm water and place it gently over your closed eyelids. This can help alleviate discomfort and reduce crusting. Use artificial tears: Over-the-counter artificial tear eye drops can help lubricate your eyes and relieve dryness. Avoid contact lenses: If you wear contact lenses, switch to glasses until your symptoms improve. Contact lenses can irritate the eyes and prolong the healing process. Keep your environment clean: Change pillowcases and towels regularly to avoid spreading the infection. Take over-the-counter pain relievers: Non-prescription pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen may help alleviate pain and reduce inflammation. Follow the recommended dosage and consult with a healthcare professional if you have any concerns. Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of water to help maintain overall health and support the body’s natural healing process. Avoid allergens: If your conjunctivitis is due to allergies, try to minimize exposure to allergens that may trigger symptoms.

• #3 Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) Symptoms, Causes & Treatment | Ada

  https://ada.com/conditions/conjunctivitis/

  Conjunctivitis in babies can be extremely serious, and any infant showing signs of conjunctivitis should be taken to a doctor immediately. Treatment with antibiotic, antiviral or other medication may be necessary, together with referral to an ophthalmologist. […] If symptoms are severe, or the irritant is a toxic substance, e.g. a strong chemical, medical attention should be sought urgently.

• #3 Conjunctivitis in babies, children & teens | Raising Children Network

  https://raisingchildren.net.au/guides/a-z-health-reference/conjunctivitis

  If your child has allergic conjunctivitis, your doctor might recommend antihistamine eye drops or antihistamine medicine for your child to take by mouth. Your child might also have tests to find out what their allergic trigger is. If possible, your child should avoid allergic triggers in the future. Cool compresses applied to the eyelids will often lessen the itch of allergic conjunctivitis. […] To stop the spread of viral or bacterial conjunctivitis, always wash your hands after touching your childs eyes, and give your child a separate towel to use. Wash your childs hands often, and try to stop your child from rubbing their eyes. Keep your child home from child care, preschool or school until the eye discharge has cleared up completely.

• #3 Conjunctivitis in Children – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health

  https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=conjunctivitis-in-children-90-P02078

  Treatment will depend on your child’s symptoms, age, and general health. It will also depend on the cause of the condition, for example: […] Bacterial infection. This may be treated with antibiotic eye drops. […] Viral infection. Viral conjunctivitis usually doesn’t need treatment. In some cases, antibiotic eye drops may be used to help prevent a secondary infection. […] Allergic reaction. The allergies may be treated oral medicines or eye drops. […] Herpes infection. Your child may need to see an eye doctor (ophthalmologist). Your child may be treated with both oral medicine and eye drops. […] If the condition is caused by an infection, it’s important to know that the infection can spread from one eye to the other by touching the affected eye or fluid from the eye. The infection can also spread to other people. Fluid from the eye is still contagious for 24 to 48 hours after starting treatment.

• #3 Home Treatments for Conjunctivitis | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/conjunctivitis/treatments/home-treatments-for-conjunctivitis

  Regardless of the cause of conjunctivitis, NYU Langone ophthalmologists often recommend at-home treatments to alleviate discomfort and prevent a recurrence. […] To relieve the discomfort associated with viral, bacterial, or allergic conjunctivitis, your NYU Langone ophthalmologist may recommend applying either a warm or cold compress to your closed eyelids three or four times a day. […] If you’ve been diagnosed with viral or bacterial conjunctivitis, your doctor may recommend removing contact lenses and wearing glasses instead for 10 to 12 days, or until the condition has gone away. […] For conjunctivitis caused by a mild irritant, like shampoo or perfume spray, sometimes rinsing the eye with cold or lukewarm water for at least five minutes can help relieve the discomfort. […] If you know what triggers symptoms of conjunctivitis, avoid them if possible.

• #3 Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) Symptoms, Causes & Treatment | Ada

  https://ada.com/conditions/conjunctivitis/

  Many cases of mild conjunctivitis clear up on their own, without specific treatment. Home remedies and over-the-counter (OTC) treatments may be useful. Cleaning the eyes with water and a clean cloth or sterile pad, applying warm or cool compresses, and using lubricating eye drops, also known as artificial tears, may help to relieve symptoms. However, antibiotics, antiviral medication or allergy medication may be necessary in more serious cases of conjunctivitis. […] In serious cases of conjunctivitis, prescription eye drops and other medicines, such as antihistamine tablets for allergic conjunctivitis, antibiotics for bacterial conjunctivitis, and antiviral medication for viral conjunctivitis, may be recommended. Sometimes, a person will be referred to an eye specialist, an ophthalmologist, for treatment.

Zobacz więcej