Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Diagnosis and Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0315/p378.html

  Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a heterogeneous group of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions involving the temporomandibular joint complex, and surrounding musculature and osseous components. […] Most patients improve with a combination of noninvasive therapies, including patient education, self-care, cognitive behavior therapy, pharmacotherapy, physical therapy, and occlusal devices. […] Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and muscle relaxants are recommended initially, and benzodiazepines or antidepressants may be added for chronic cases. […] Supportive patient education is the recommended initial treatment for TMD. […] Adjunctive measures include jaw rest, soft diet, moist warm compresses, and passive stretching exercises. […] TMJ immobilization has shown no benefit and may worsen symptoms as a result of muscle contractures, muscle fatigue, and reduced synovial fluid production.

• #2 Prevention of TMJ Disorder » St. Louis South Oral Surgery

  https://stloralsurgery.com/prevention-of-tmj-disorder/

  The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the joint that connects your lower jaw to your skull in front of your ears. In other words, this is the joint that allows you to open and close your mouth smoothly. Unfortunately, the muscles in this joint can be injured, making it difficult to perform ordinary tasks with your mouth, like speaking, eating, yawning, etc. […] A TMJ disorder, commonly referred to as TMD, can occur when you sustain a jaw injury, inflammations like arthritis, or overuse of the joint. Therefore, it is important to know what causes a TMD and how you can prevent it. This article talks about the prevention of TMJ disorders. […] There are many ways to prevent TMJ pain. Apart from soothing your TMD with physical therapy, there are several other things you can do on your own to avoid the pain. Some of these methods will require you to make significant behavioral changes in your daily life, while others will prompt you to take things slow for a while and find a way to relieve yourself of stress. Here are some of the most effective ways to prevent TMD:

• #3 TMD (Temporomandibular Disorders) Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research

  https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/tmd

  Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a group of more than 30 conditions that cause pain and dysfunction in the jaw joint and muscles that control jaw movement. […] Many TMDs last only a short time and go away on their own. However, in some cases they can become chronic, or long lasting. […] Because evidence is lacking for the majority of TMD treatments, experts strongly recommend staying away from treatments that cause permanent changes to the jaw joints, teeth, or bite; or that involve surgery. […] Signs and symptoms of TMD go away in many people without treatment. […] If you think you have a TMD or are diagnosed with one: Start with simple treatments first; remember that TMD symptoms often go away on their own, without treatment. […] Avoid (when possible) treatments that involve going into or permanently changing the jaw joints, especially surgery or TMJ implants. […] Understand all the risks when considering surgery or other medical or dental procedures that result in permanent change and seek an opinion from an orofacial pain clinic at a medical or dental school, if possible.

• #4 TMD (Temporomandibular Disorders) Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research

  https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/tmd

  Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a group of more than 30 conditions that cause pain and dysfunction in the jaw joint and muscles that control jaw movement. […] Many TMDs last only a short time and go away on their own. However, in some cases they can become chronic, or long lasting. […] Because evidence is lacking for the majority of TMD treatments, experts strongly recommend staying away from treatments that cause permanent changes to the jaw joints, teeth, or bite; or that involve surgery. […] Signs and symptoms of TMD go away in many people without treatment. […] If you think you have a TMD or are diagnosed with one: Start with simple treatments first; remember that TMD symptoms often go away on their own, without treatment. […] Avoid (when possible) treatments that involve going into or permanently changing the jaw joints, especially surgery or TMJ implants. […] Understand all the risks when considering surgery or other medical or dental procedures that result in permanent change and seek an opinion from an orofacial pain clinic at a medical or dental school, if possible.

• #5 TMJ (Jaw Joint) Treatment | UT Dentistry

  https://uthscsa.edu/utdentistry/services/tmj

  TMJ (temporomandibular joint) disorders are a family of problems related to your jaw joint. […] Since some types of TMJ problems can lead to more serious conditions, early detection and treatment are important. […] It is important to note that treatment always works best with a team approach of self-care combined with professional care. […] Self-care treatments can often be effective as well and include: Resting your jaw, Keeping your teeth apart when you are not swallowing or eating, Eating soft foods, Applying ice and heat, Exercising your jaw, Practicing good posture. […] Stress management techniques such as biofeedback or physical therapy may also be recommended, as well as a temporary, clear plastic appliance known as a splint. […] A nightguard helps you stop clenching or grinding your teeth and reduces muscle tension at night. […] Appliances also help protect tooth wear.

• #6 TMD Disorders can Progress to Chronic if Untreated

  https://www.orofacialtherapeutics.com/tmd-disorders/

  Given this high prevalence and severity, the prevention of chronic TMDs should be a research priority, yet most of the research to date focuses on the treatment of existing TMDs. […] The pathogenesis of extraarticular TMDs is our primary focus because timely therapeutic intervention in acute injury scenarios may modify the conditions that predispose to chronic pain, making prevention strategies feasible. […] There is a narrow therapeutic window to prevent the establishment of prolonged pain and/or dysfunction. If a jaw injury or insult is promptly treated in the acute state, the progression to central sensitization, and therefore, chronic pain, may be avoided. Speed to treatment is critical to accomplish this intervention. […] The key principle in preventing chronicity is speed to treatment. The primary preventive strategies include reducing peripheral sensitization, preventing chronic jaw muscle tension and the guarding reflex, and relieving the psychological states that accelerate central sensitization.

• #7 TMJ Disorders: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15066-temporomandibular-disorders-tmd-overview

  You cant always prevent TMD because some risk factors are unavoidable. But there are things you can do to reduce your risk: […] Wear a mouth guard at night if you clench or grind your teeth. […] Wear a mouth guard while playing contact sports. […] Practice good posture. […] Practice meditation, mindfulness or other stress reduction techniques.

• #8 Temporomandibular joint dysfunction – symptoms, treatment and causes | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/temporomandibular-joint-dysfunction

  One way to avoid TMJ dysfunction is to manage your stress levels. You can also see your dentist regularly to prevent dental problems. […] Rest should help with the symptoms of TMJ dysfunction. Here are some things you can do to rest your TMJ: eat soft food, cut all food into small pieces, avoid clenching your jaw, avoid opening your mouth wide, avoid chewing gum, wear a mouthguard while you sleep to prevent jaw clenching or teeth grinding. […] Your doctor might suggest taking pain relief medication or medications for inflammation. You could ask your pharmacist for an anti-inflammatory gel.

• #9 Reported concepts for the treatment modalities and pain management of temporomandibular disorders | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text

  https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-015-0586-5

  To restore the accurate function of the TMJ, changes in daily habits is important. The change of food consistency (eating softer foods), applying cold or heat, and avoiding extreme movements of the mandible (chewing gum, wide yawning or loud singing) might be enough to decrease TMD symptoms. […] In this situation, counselling, behavioral therapy and stress management should also be applied to decrease muscle hypertension and bad habits. […] The treatment of TMD is complicated and requires specific knowledge and exercises to strengthen some groups of muscles and weaken others, occlusal splint therapy, massage and pharmacotherapy. […] The prevalence of these disorders and the multifactorial pathogenesis and therapeutic difficulties of TMD prompted the authors to undertake an effort to describe therapeutic concepts associated with TMD pain.

• #10 Diagnosis and Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0315/p378.html

  Physical Therapy. There is evidence albeit weak that supports the use of physical therapy for improving symptoms associated with TMD. […] Specialized physical therapy options such as ultrasound, iontophoresis, electrotherapy, or low-level laser therapy have been used in the management of TMD, despite the lack of evidence to support their use. […] A Cochrane review supports the use of cognitive behavior therapy and biofeedback in both short- and long-term pain management for patients with symptomatic TMD when compared with usual management. […] Patients should be counseled on behavior modifications such as stress reduction, sleep hygiene, elimination of parafunctional habits (e.g., teeth grinding, pencil or ice chewing, teeth clenching), and avoidance of extreme mandibular movement (e.g., excessive opening during yawning, tooth brushing, and flossing). […] The use of occlusal splints is thought to alleviate or prevent degenerative forces placed on the TMJ, articular disk, and dentition. […] Occlusal adjustments (i.e., grinding enamel surfaces to improve dentition) have no benefit in the management or prevention of TMD.

• #11 TMJ Prevention: Tips for Maintaining Good Oral HealthTMJ Prevention: Tips for Maintaining Good Oral Health

  https://sunrisedentalarizona.com/tmj-prevention-tips-for-maintaining-good-oral-health/

  Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders can cause a range of uncomfortable symptoms, from jaw pain and headaches to difficulty opening and closing your mouth. But the good news is that there are steps you can take to prevent these conditions and maintain good oral health. […] Fortunately, there are several things you can do to maintain good oral health and prevent TMJ disorders. Here are some tips to keep in mind: […] Maintaining good oral hygiene is important for preventing many oral health issues, including TMJ disorders. Be sure to brush your teeth twice a day, floss daily, and visit your dentist regularly for checkups and cleanings. […] Chewing on hard or chewy foods, like ice, popcorn kernels, or chewing gum, can put extra strain on your jaw muscles and joints. Try to avoid these foods or limit your intake to prevent TMJ issues.

• #12 Diagnosis and Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0315/p378.html

  Physical Therapy. There is evidence albeit weak that supports the use of physical therapy for improving symptoms associated with TMD. […] Specialized physical therapy options such as ultrasound, iontophoresis, electrotherapy, or low-level laser therapy have been used in the management of TMD, despite the lack of evidence to support their use. […] A Cochrane review supports the use of cognitive behavior therapy and biofeedback in both short- and long-term pain management for patients with symptomatic TMD when compared with usual management. […] Patients should be counseled on behavior modifications such as stress reduction, sleep hygiene, elimination of parafunctional habits (e.g., teeth grinding, pencil or ice chewing, teeth clenching), and avoidance of extreme mandibular movement (e.g., excessive opening during yawning, tooth brushing, and flossing). […] The use of occlusal splints is thought to alleviate or prevent degenerative forces placed on the TMJ, articular disk, and dentition. […] Occlusal adjustments (i.e., grinding enamel surfaces to improve dentition) have no benefit in the management or prevention of TMD.

• #13 Guide | Physical Therapy Guide to Temporomandibular Disorder | Choose PT

  https://www.choosept.com/guide/physical-therapy-guide-temporomandibular-joint-disorder

  Conservative management, including physical therapy, is the recommended first-line approach for TMD. […] A physical therapist can help you decrease your pain and restore jaw function. They will design a treatment program for your specific condition. […] You can prevent TMD by maintaining proper head and neck posture, learning how to manage stress, and addressing muscle tightness when it occurs. […] A physical therapist can help you avoid a recurrence or worsening of TMD symptoms by educating you on: […] General tips for people with TMD include: […] Maintain a good posture at all times. Avoid slouching in front of the computer or when checking phone messages. […] Avoid opening the jaw too wide during activities like yawning, laughing, or singing. […] Maintain good oral hygiene and tooth health.

• #14 Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) Information & Treatment

  https://www.columbiadoctors.org/health-library/condition/temporomandibular-disorders-tmd/

  Here are some ways you can reduce muscle tightness. […] Try relaxation techniques. These may include taking slow, deep breaths and doing mindfulness meditation. Other practices, including progressive muscle relaxation, yoga, tai chi, and qi gong, may help. […] Learn to recognize when you’re clenching your teeth. Practice keeping your teeth apart. Bring them together only when swallowing or eating. […] Try not to overuse your jaw muscles. Avoid chewing gum, biting your nails, or resting your chin on your hand. […] Practice good posture. This means that your ears, shoulders, and hips are in a straight line. Better posture may reduce pain by restoring the natural alignment of your facial bones and muscles. […] Using techniques to relax your muscles and manage stress may also help, such as cognitive behavior therapy and acupuncture. […] Learn to manage your stress. Try: Relaxation techniques. These may include taking slow, deep breaths, and mindful meditation. It may include progressive muscle relaxation, yoga, tai chi, and qi gong. […] Have good posture. Try to line up your ears, shoulders, and hips when sitting and standing.

• #15 Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) | Cigna

  https://www.cigna.com/knowledge-center/hw/medical-topics/temporomandibular-disorders-hw209469

  Here are some ways you can reduce muscle tightness. […] Try relaxation techniques. These may include taking slow, deep breaths and doing mindfulness meditation. Other practices, including progressive muscle relaxation, yoga, tai chi, and qi gong, may help. […] Learn to recognize when you’re clenching your teeth. Practice keeping your teeth apart. Bring them together only when swallowing or eating. […] Try not to overuse your jaw muscles. Avoid chewing gum, biting your nails, or resting your chin on your hand. […] Eat different foods. Try foods that are softer. Avoid hard or chewy foods, such as popcorn, apples, carrots, candy, hard breads, and bagels. Use both sides of your mouth to chew your food. […] Practice good posture. This means that your ears, shoulders, and hips are in a straight line. Better posture may reduce pain by restoring the natural alignment of your facial bones and muscles.

• #16 TMJ Prevention: Tips for Maintaining Good Oral HealthTMJ Prevention: Tips for Maintaining Good Oral Health

  https://sunrisedentalarizona.com/tmj-prevention-tips-for-maintaining-good-oral-health/

  If you find yourself chewing for extended periods of time, like when eating tough meats or chewy candy, take breaks to rest your jaw muscles. This can help prevent TMJ strain. […] Poor posture can put extra strain on your neck and jaw muscles, leading to TMJ issues. Be sure to sit up straight and avoid slouching to maintain good oral health. […] If you grind or clench your teeth while sleeping, a mouthguard can help protect your teeth and prevent TMJ strain. Talk to your dentist about getting a custom mouthguard that fits your mouth properly. […] Stress and anxiety can cause tension in your jaw muscles, leading to TMJ issues. Try to manage stress through relaxation techniques, like meditation or deep breathing exercises. […] If you have misaligned teeth or bite issues, it can put extra strain on your jaw muscles and joints. Talk to your dentist about treatment options, like braces or orthodontics, to correct these issues and prevent TMJ disorders. […] By practicing good oral hygiene, avoiding hard or chewy foods, taking breaks while chewing, practicing good posture, using a mouthguard, managing stress, and treating misaligned teeth or bite issues, you can keep your jaw healthy and free from TMJ strain.

• #17 Prevention of TMJ Disorder » St. Louis South Oral Surgery

  https://stloralsurgery.com/prevention-of-tmj-disorder/

  Avoid stress: Stress is known to be a major contributing factor in TMJ disorder. This occurs when you clench the jaw or grind the teeth repeatedly due to anxiety. Therefore, you need to find ways to get rid of stress. For example, you can meditate, do yoga, and get a massage to help you relax. […] Don’t overuse your jaw: You need to quit some chewing habits that can contribute to the overuse and stress of your jaw muscles, like chewing gum for hours. Also, don’t chew hard foods for a long time or too fast because you will injure your temporomandibular muscles. […] Stretch your jaw: Try several gentle jaws stretches to increase mobility in the joint. […] Eat softer foods: You should give your jaw a break from chewing and grinding hard food by eating softer foods once in a while. […] Seek help: Don’t hesitate to ask for help from a physical therapist if you suspect that you have TMD. […] For more information on the prevention of TMJ disorder, get in touch with STL Oral Surgery today.

• #18 Temporomandibular Disorders: Rapid Evidence Review | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2023/0100/temporomandibular-disorders.html

  Temporomandibular disorders affect between 5% and 12% of the population and present with symptoms such as headache, bruxism, pain at the temporomandibular joint, jaw popping or clicking, neck pain, tinnitus, dizziness, decreased hearing, and hyperacuity to sound. […] Nonpharmacologic therapy includes patient education (e.g., good sleep hygiene, soft food diet) and physical therapy. […] Supportive patient education and self-management strategies are beneficial to patients. Self-management strategies may include optimal head posture, sleep hygiene, avoidance of triggers (e.g., nail biting, gum chewing, clenching, grinding), heat or ice packs, a soft food diet, and home exercises. […] Avoid routinely using irreversible surgical procedures such as braces, occlusal equilibration, and restorations as the first treatment of choice in the management of temporomandibular joint disorders.

• #19 Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction (TMJ) | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/temporomandibular-joint-dysfunction-tmd

  If your child is suffering from TMJ pain, there are several things you can do to help prevent it worsening: […] Rest the jaw joint when it becomes tender. […] Avoid hard or chewy foods that can strain face muscles. […] Use moist heat to help relaxation the surrounding muscles. […] Monitor your child’s stress and anxiety levels. […] Have a dentist evaluate your child for grinding or clenching of teeth. […] If the pain persists, your doctor may recommend dental or surgical treatment.

• #20 Temporomandibular joint dysfunction – symptoms, treatment and causes | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/temporomandibular-joint-dysfunction

  One way to avoid TMJ dysfunction is to manage your stress levels. You can also see your dentist regularly to prevent dental problems. […] Rest should help with the symptoms of TMJ dysfunction. Here are some things you can do to rest your TMJ: eat soft food, cut all food into small pieces, avoid clenching your jaw, avoid opening your mouth wide, avoid chewing gum, wear a mouthguard while you sleep to prevent jaw clenching or teeth grinding. […] Your doctor might suggest taking pain relief medication or medications for inflammation. You could ask your pharmacist for an anti-inflammatory gel.

• #21

  https://www.tmjtreatmentcentersofwi.com/management-treatment-of-tmd

  Such conservative management techniques have proven to be safe and effective in the vast majority of TMD cases. While rarely needed, surgery is sometimes performed when conservative treatment has failed to improve comfort and function. However, even when TMD symptoms are long standing and severe, most patients rarely require invasive treatments designed to permanently change the bite or repositioning of the jaw. […] There is no reason to live with the pain. The risks of leaving TMD untreated simply aren’t worth it. […] For very mild cases, or prior to being able to see a TMD specialist, there are self-management actions you can do for yourself, such as: Limit your jaw opening movement to about two finger widths, Avoid chewing hard or very chewy food, or gum, Cut food into smaller pieces, Massage painful facial muscles, Use cold packs or moist heat packs, Avoid grinding clenching your teeth, Practice keeping teeth apart and lips together, Avoid chewing non-food items, ie: pencils, fingernails, etc., Avoid playing musical instruments that put pressure on your jaw, Learn stress management and relaxation techniques, Keep a diary of your pain, and anything, or any time of the day or night, that makes it better or worse.

• #22 Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) | HealthLink BC

  https://www.healthlinkbc.ca/healthwise/temporomandibular-disorders-tmd

  To prevent temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), try to reduce muscle tension in your jaw. Here are some ways you can reduce muscle tension. […] Relax. If you have a lot of stress and anxiety in your life, try relaxation techniques. […] Learn to recognize when you are clenching your teeth. Practice keeping your teeth apart, bringing them together only when swallowing or eating. […] Do not overuse and stress your jaw muscles. Avoid constantly chewing gum, biting your nails, or resting your chin on your hand. […] Change your diet. Eat softer foods, and use both sides of your mouth to chew your food. Avoid hard or chewy foods, such as popcorn, apples, carrots, taffy, hard breads, and bagels. […] Maintain good posture. Poor posture may disturb the natural alignment of your facial bones and muscles, causing pain. […] In the past, various procedures such as dental restoration and orthodontic treatment were used to prevent joint sounds from developing into TMDs. Such measures are not only unneeded but also potentially damaging to a joint that may never become painful on its own.

• #23 Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) | HealthLink BC

  https://www.healthlinkbc.ca/healthwise/temporomandibular-disorders-tmd

  To prevent temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), try to reduce muscle tension in your jaw. Here are some ways you can reduce muscle tension. […] Relax. If you have a lot of stress and anxiety in your life, try relaxation techniques. […] Learn to recognize when you are clenching your teeth. Practice keeping your teeth apart, bringing them together only when swallowing or eating. […] Do not overuse and stress your jaw muscles. Avoid constantly chewing gum, biting your nails, or resting your chin on your hand. […] Change your diet. Eat softer foods, and use both sides of your mouth to chew your food. Avoid hard or chewy foods, such as popcorn, apples, carrots, taffy, hard breads, and bagels. […] Maintain good posture. Poor posture may disturb the natural alignment of your facial bones and muscles, causing pain. […] In the past, various procedures such as dental restoration and orthodontic treatment were used to prevent joint sounds from developing into TMDs. Such measures are not only unneeded but also potentially damaging to a joint that may never become painful on its own.

• #24 Prevention of TMJ Disorder » St. Louis South Oral Surgery

  https://stloralsurgery.com/prevention-of-tmj-disorder/

  Avoid stress: Stress is known to be a major contributing factor in TMJ disorder. This occurs when you clench the jaw or grind the teeth repeatedly due to anxiety. Therefore, you need to find ways to get rid of stress. For example, you can meditate, do yoga, and get a massage to help you relax. […] Don’t overuse your jaw: You need to quit some chewing habits that can contribute to the overuse and stress of your jaw muscles, like chewing gum for hours. Also, don’t chew hard foods for a long time or too fast because you will injure your temporomandibular muscles. […] Stretch your jaw: Try several gentle jaws stretches to increase mobility in the joint. […] Eat softer foods: You should give your jaw a break from chewing and grinding hard food by eating softer foods once in a while. […] Seek help: Don’t hesitate to ask for help from a physical therapist if you suspect that you have TMD. […] For more information on the prevention of TMJ disorder, get in touch with STL Oral Surgery today.

• #25 Prevention of TMJ Disorder » St. Louis South Oral Surgery

  https://stloralsurgery.com/prevention-of-tmj-disorder/

  Avoid stress: Stress is known to be a major contributing factor in TMJ disorder. This occurs when you clench the jaw or grind the teeth repeatedly due to anxiety. Therefore, you need to find ways to get rid of stress. For example, you can meditate, do yoga, and get a massage to help you relax. […] Don’t overuse your jaw: You need to quit some chewing habits that can contribute to the overuse and stress of your jaw muscles, like chewing gum for hours. Also, don’t chew hard foods for a long time or too fast because you will injure your temporomandibular muscles. […] Stretch your jaw: Try several gentle jaws stretches to increase mobility in the joint. […] Eat softer foods: You should give your jaw a break from chewing and grinding hard food by eating softer foods once in a while. […] Seek help: Don’t hesitate to ask for help from a physical therapist if you suspect that you have TMD. […] For more information on the prevention of TMJ disorder, get in touch with STL Oral Surgery today.

• #26 TMJ Disorders: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15066-temporomandibular-disorders-tmd-overview

  You cant always prevent TMD because some risk factors are unavoidable. But there are things you can do to reduce your risk: […] Wear a mouth guard at night if you clench or grind your teeth. […] Wear a mouth guard while playing contact sports. […] Practice good posture. […] Practice meditation, mindfulness or other stress reduction techniques.

• #27 Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) Information & Treatment

  https://www.columbiadoctors.org/health-library/condition/temporomandibular-disorders-tmd/

  Here are some ways you can reduce muscle tightness. […] Try relaxation techniques. These may include taking slow, deep breaths and doing mindfulness meditation. Other practices, including progressive muscle relaxation, yoga, tai chi, and qi gong, may help. […] Learn to recognize when you’re clenching your teeth. Practice keeping your teeth apart. Bring them together only when swallowing or eating. […] Try not to overuse your jaw muscles. Avoid chewing gum, biting your nails, or resting your chin on your hand. […] Practice good posture. This means that your ears, shoulders, and hips are in a straight line. Better posture may reduce pain by restoring the natural alignment of your facial bones and muscles. […] Using techniques to relax your muscles and manage stress may also help, such as cognitive behavior therapy and acupuncture. […] Learn to manage your stress. Try: Relaxation techniques. These may include taking slow, deep breaths, and mindful meditation. It may include progressive muscle relaxation, yoga, tai chi, and qi gong. […] Have good posture. Try to line up your ears, shoulders, and hips when sitting and standing.

• #28 Self-Care for Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD)

  http://healthlibrary.touro.com/Library/PreventionGuidelines/3,89755

  If you answer yes to any of the questions above, you need to take action. Changing your posture or taking a short break can help prevent or relieve TMD symptoms. […] Stress is a key factor in TMD. Stress can make you clench your muscles or grind your teeth. It can also affect your sleep, reducing your bodys ability to heal. Here are a few tips to manage stress: Learn ways to relax. Try listening to music or gently stretching. Take a few slow deep breaths. Or close your eyes and imagine a place or object that is calming. […] Activity helps the body in many ways. You stay looser and more relaxed. It also helps keep muscles and tissues conditioned. That way you can heal faster and make reinjury less likely. Here are some tips to get you started: Talk with your doctor before starting an exercise program. Ask what exercises are right for you. Always warm up and stretch before each activity. This helps prevent injury.

• #29 Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) | Cigna

  https://www.cigna.com/knowledge-center/hw/medical-topics/temporomandibular-disorders-hw209469

  Here are some ways you can reduce muscle tightness. […] Try relaxation techniques. These may include taking slow, deep breaths and doing mindfulness meditation. Other practices, including progressive muscle relaxation, yoga, tai chi, and qi gong, may help. […] Learn to recognize when you’re clenching your teeth. Practice keeping your teeth apart. Bring them together only when swallowing or eating. […] Try not to overuse your jaw muscles. Avoid chewing gum, biting your nails, or resting your chin on your hand. […] Eat different foods. Try foods that are softer. Avoid hard or chewy foods, such as popcorn, apples, carrots, candy, hard breads, and bagels. Use both sides of your mouth to chew your food. […] Practice good posture. This means that your ears, shoulders, and hips are in a straight line. Better posture may reduce pain by restoring the natural alignment of your facial bones and muscles.

• #30 Diagnosis and Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0315/p378.html

  Physical Therapy. There is evidence albeit weak that supports the use of physical therapy for improving symptoms associated with TMD. […] Specialized physical therapy options such as ultrasound, iontophoresis, electrotherapy, or low-level laser therapy have been used in the management of TMD, despite the lack of evidence to support their use. […] A Cochrane review supports the use of cognitive behavior therapy and biofeedback in both short- and long-term pain management for patients with symptomatic TMD when compared with usual management. […] Patients should be counseled on behavior modifications such as stress reduction, sleep hygiene, elimination of parafunctional habits (e.g., teeth grinding, pencil or ice chewing, teeth clenching), and avoidance of extreme mandibular movement (e.g., excessive opening during yawning, tooth brushing, and flossing). […] The use of occlusal splints is thought to alleviate or prevent degenerative forces placed on the TMJ, articular disk, and dentition. […] Occlusal adjustments (i.e., grinding enamel surfaces to improve dentition) have no benefit in the management or prevention of TMD.

• #31 Self-Care for Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD)

  http://healthlibrary.touro.com/Library/PreventionGuidelines/3,89755

  If you answer yes to any of the questions above, you need to take action. Changing your posture or taking a short break can help prevent or relieve TMD symptoms. […] Stress is a key factor in TMD. Stress can make you clench your muscles or grind your teeth. It can also affect your sleep, reducing your bodys ability to heal. Here are a few tips to manage stress: Learn ways to relax. Try listening to music or gently stretching. Take a few slow deep breaths. Or close your eyes and imagine a place or object that is calming. […] Activity helps the body in many ways. You stay looser and more relaxed. It also helps keep muscles and tissues conditioned. That way you can heal faster and make reinjury less likely. Here are some tips to get you started: Talk with your doctor before starting an exercise program. Ask what exercises are right for you. Always warm up and stretch before each activity. This helps prevent injury.

• #32 TMJ Disorders: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15066-temporomandibular-disorders-tmd-overview

  You cant always prevent TMD because some risk factors are unavoidable. But there are things you can do to reduce your risk: […] Wear a mouth guard at night if you clench or grind your teeth. […] Wear a mouth guard while playing contact sports. […] Practice good posture. […] Practice meditation, mindfulness or other stress reduction techniques.

• #33 TMJ Prevention: Tips for Maintaining Good Oral HealthTMJ Prevention: Tips for Maintaining Good Oral Health

  https://sunrisedentalarizona.com/tmj-prevention-tips-for-maintaining-good-oral-health/

  If you find yourself chewing for extended periods of time, like when eating tough meats or chewy candy, take breaks to rest your jaw muscles. This can help prevent TMJ strain. […] Poor posture can put extra strain on your neck and jaw muscles, leading to TMJ issues. Be sure to sit up straight and avoid slouching to maintain good oral health. […] If you grind or clench your teeth while sleeping, a mouthguard can help protect your teeth and prevent TMJ strain. Talk to your dentist about getting a custom mouthguard that fits your mouth properly. […] Stress and anxiety can cause tension in your jaw muscles, leading to TMJ issues. Try to manage stress through relaxation techniques, like meditation or deep breathing exercises. […] If you have misaligned teeth or bite issues, it can put extra strain on your jaw muscles and joints. Talk to your dentist about treatment options, like braces or orthodontics, to correct these issues and prevent TMJ disorders. […] By practicing good oral hygiene, avoiding hard or chewy foods, taking breaks while chewing, practicing good posture, using a mouthguard, managing stress, and treating misaligned teeth or bite issues, you can keep your jaw healthy and free from TMJ strain.

• #34 Guide | Physical Therapy Guide to Temporomandibular Disorder | Choose PT

  https://www.choosept.com/guide/physical-therapy-guide-temporomandibular-joint-disorder

  Conservative management, including physical therapy, is the recommended first-line approach for TMD. […] A physical therapist can help you decrease your pain and restore jaw function. They will design a treatment program for your specific condition. […] You can prevent TMD by maintaining proper head and neck posture, learning how to manage stress, and addressing muscle tightness when it occurs. […] A physical therapist can help you avoid a recurrence or worsening of TMD symptoms by educating you on: […] General tips for people with TMD include: […] Maintain a good posture at all times. Avoid slouching in front of the computer or when checking phone messages. […] Avoid opening the jaw too wide during activities like yawning, laughing, or singing. […] Maintain good oral hygiene and tooth health.

• #35 Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) Information & Treatment

  https://www.columbiadoctors.org/health-library/condition/temporomandibular-disorders-tmd/

  Here are some ways you can reduce muscle tightness. […] Try relaxation techniques. These may include taking slow, deep breaths and doing mindfulness meditation. Other practices, including progressive muscle relaxation, yoga, tai chi, and qi gong, may help. […] Learn to recognize when you’re clenching your teeth. Practice keeping your teeth apart. Bring them together only when swallowing or eating. […] Try not to overuse your jaw muscles. Avoid chewing gum, biting your nails, or resting your chin on your hand. […] Practice good posture. This means that your ears, shoulders, and hips are in a straight line. Better posture may reduce pain by restoring the natural alignment of your facial bones and muscles. […] Using techniques to relax your muscles and manage stress may also help, such as cognitive behavior therapy and acupuncture. […] Learn to manage your stress. Try: Relaxation techniques. These may include taking slow, deep breaths, and mindful meditation. It may include progressive muscle relaxation, yoga, tai chi, and qi gong. […] Have good posture. Try to line up your ears, shoulders, and hips when sitting and standing.

• #36 Guide | Physical Therapy Guide to Temporomandibular Disorder | Choose PT

  https://www.choosept.com/guide/physical-therapy-guide-temporomandibular-joint-disorder

  Conservative management, including physical therapy, is the recommended first-line approach for TMD. […] A physical therapist can help you decrease your pain and restore jaw function. They will design a treatment program for your specific condition. […] You can prevent TMD by maintaining proper head and neck posture, learning how to manage stress, and addressing muscle tightness when it occurs. […] A physical therapist can help you avoid a recurrence or worsening of TMD symptoms by educating you on: […] General tips for people with TMD include: […] Maintain a good posture at all times. Avoid slouching in front of the computer or when checking phone messages. […] Avoid opening the jaw too wide during activities like yawning, laughing, or singing. […] Maintain good oral hygiene and tooth health.

• #37 TMJ disorders Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/tmj-disorders

  Many of the home-care steps to treat TMJ problems can also help prevent the condition. These steps include: […] Avoid eating hard foods and chewing gum. […] Learn relaxation techniques to reduce overall stress and muscle tension. […] Maintain good posture, especially if you work all day at a computer. Pause often to change position, rest your hands and arms, and relieve stressed muscles. […] Use safety measures to reduce the risk for fractures and dislocations.

• #38 TMJ disorders Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/tmj-disorders

  Many of the home-care steps to treat TMJ problems can also help prevent the condition. These steps include: […] Avoid eating hard foods and chewing gum. […] Learn relaxation techniques to reduce overall stress and muscle tension. […] Maintain good posture, especially if you work all day at a computer. Pause often to change position, rest your hands and arms, and relieve stressed muscles. […] Use safety measures to reduce the risk for fractures and dislocations.

• #39 TMJ (Temporomandibular Joint) Disorders: Symptoms and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/tmj-disorders

  You may not be able to prevent TMJ disorder from developing, but you might be able to reduce symptoms by lowering your stress levels, employing physical therapy and exercises, and working with a dentist or doctor if you often grind your teeth at night. […] Possible solutions for teeth grinding include wearing a mouth guard at night and occasionally taking muscle relaxants. […] Most cases of TMJ disorder warrant changes in lifestyle habits, possibly combined with medications to ease pain and discomfort.

• #40

  https://www.rayviewdentalhealth.com/oral-health/tmj-tmd-treatment/

  If you grind your teeth at night, you may require a mouth guard for protection and prevention. […] Maintaining a stable bite is essential to ones oral health, and ensures that ones teeth will come in contact in the most pain-free manner possible. […] Talk to your dentist about these treatments for TMD and which are right for you.

• #41 TMJ Disorders: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15066-temporomandibular-disorders-tmd-overview

  You cant always prevent TMD because some risk factors are unavoidable. But there are things you can do to reduce your risk: […] Wear a mouth guard at night if you clench or grind your teeth. […] Wear a mouth guard while playing contact sports. […] Practice good posture. […] Practice meditation, mindfulness or other stress reduction techniques.

• #42 TMJ Prevention: Tips for Maintaining Good Oral HealthTMJ Prevention: Tips for Maintaining Good Oral Health

  https://sunrisedentalarizona.com/tmj-prevention-tips-for-maintaining-good-oral-health/

  If you find yourself chewing for extended periods of time, like when eating tough meats or chewy candy, take breaks to rest your jaw muscles. This can help prevent TMJ strain. […] Poor posture can put extra strain on your neck and jaw muscles, leading to TMJ issues. Be sure to sit up straight and avoid slouching to maintain good oral health. […] If you grind or clench your teeth while sleeping, a mouthguard can help protect your teeth and prevent TMJ strain. Talk to your dentist about getting a custom mouthguard that fits your mouth properly. […] Stress and anxiety can cause tension in your jaw muscles, leading to TMJ issues. Try to manage stress through relaxation techniques, like meditation or deep breathing exercises. […] If you have misaligned teeth or bite issues, it can put extra strain on your jaw muscles and joints. Talk to your dentist about treatment options, like braces or orthodontics, to correct these issues and prevent TMJ disorders. […] By practicing good oral hygiene, avoiding hard or chewy foods, taking breaks while chewing, practicing good posture, using a mouthguard, managing stress, and treating misaligned teeth or bite issues, you can keep your jaw healthy and free from TMJ strain.

• #43 TMJ Disorders: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15066-temporomandibular-disorders-tmd-overview

  You cant always prevent TMD because some risk factors are unavoidable. But there are things you can do to reduce your risk: […] Wear a mouth guard at night if you clench or grind your teeth. […] Wear a mouth guard while playing contact sports. […] Practice good posture. […] Practice meditation, mindfulness or other stress reduction techniques.

• #44 What is TMJ? Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment | Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) Explained

  https://bellamedicalcentre.com/blog/temporomandibular-joint-disorders-causes-treatment

  Here are a few things you can do to reduce the risk of developing TMJ disorders or TMD: […] Wear a mouth guard at night if you clench or grind your teeth. […] Use a mouth guard when playing contact sports. […] Practise good posture. […] Reduce stress through mindfulness techniques like meditation.

• #45 Diagnosis and Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0315/p378.html

  Physical Therapy. There is evidence albeit weak that supports the use of physical therapy for improving symptoms associated with TMD. […] Specialized physical therapy options such as ultrasound, iontophoresis, electrotherapy, or low-level laser therapy have been used in the management of TMD, despite the lack of evidence to support their use. […] A Cochrane review supports the use of cognitive behavior therapy and biofeedback in both short- and long-term pain management for patients with symptomatic TMD when compared with usual management. […] Patients should be counseled on behavior modifications such as stress reduction, sleep hygiene, elimination of parafunctional habits (e.g., teeth grinding, pencil or ice chewing, teeth clenching), and avoidance of extreme mandibular movement (e.g., excessive opening during yawning, tooth brushing, and flossing). […] The use of occlusal splints is thought to alleviate or prevent degenerative forces placed on the TMJ, articular disk, and dentition. […] Occlusal adjustments (i.e., grinding enamel surfaces to improve dentition) have no benefit in the management or prevention of TMD.

• #46 TMJ Prevention: Tips for Maintaining Good Oral HealthTMJ Prevention: Tips for Maintaining Good Oral Health

  https://sunrisedentalarizona.com/tmj-prevention-tips-for-maintaining-good-oral-health/

  If you find yourself chewing for extended periods of time, like when eating tough meats or chewy candy, take breaks to rest your jaw muscles. This can help prevent TMJ strain. […] Poor posture can put extra strain on your neck and jaw muscles, leading to TMJ issues. Be sure to sit up straight and avoid slouching to maintain good oral health. […] If you grind or clench your teeth while sleeping, a mouthguard can help protect your teeth and prevent TMJ strain. Talk to your dentist about getting a custom mouthguard that fits your mouth properly. […] Stress and anxiety can cause tension in your jaw muscles, leading to TMJ issues. Try to manage stress through relaxation techniques, like meditation or deep breathing exercises. […] If you have misaligned teeth or bite issues, it can put extra strain on your jaw muscles and joints. Talk to your dentist about treatment options, like braces or orthodontics, to correct these issues and prevent TMJ disorders. […] By practicing good oral hygiene, avoiding hard or chewy foods, taking breaks while chewing, practicing good posture, using a mouthguard, managing stress, and treating misaligned teeth or bite issues, you can keep your jaw healthy and free from TMJ strain.

• #47 Temporomandibular joint dysfunction – symptoms, treatment and causes | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/temporomandibular-joint-dysfunction

  One way to avoid TMJ dysfunction is to manage your stress levels. You can also see your dentist regularly to prevent dental problems. […] Rest should help with the symptoms of TMJ dysfunction. Here are some things you can do to rest your TMJ: eat soft food, cut all food into small pieces, avoid clenching your jaw, avoid opening your mouth wide, avoid chewing gum, wear a mouthguard while you sleep to prevent jaw clenching or teeth grinding. […] Your doctor might suggest taking pain relief medication or medications for inflammation. You could ask your pharmacist for an anti-inflammatory gel.

• #48 TMJ Prevention: Tips for Maintaining Good Oral HealthTMJ Prevention: Tips for Maintaining Good Oral Health

  https://sunrisedentalarizona.com/tmj-prevention-tips-for-maintaining-good-oral-health/

  Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders can cause a range of uncomfortable symptoms, from jaw pain and headaches to difficulty opening and closing your mouth. But the good news is that there are steps you can take to prevent these conditions and maintain good oral health. […] Fortunately, there are several things you can do to maintain good oral health and prevent TMJ disorders. Here are some tips to keep in mind: […] Maintaining good oral hygiene is important for preventing many oral health issues, including TMJ disorders. Be sure to brush your teeth twice a day, floss daily, and visit your dentist regularly for checkups and cleanings. […] Chewing on hard or chewy foods, like ice, popcorn kernels, or chewing gum, can put extra strain on your jaw muscles and joints. Try to avoid these foods or limit your intake to prevent TMJ issues.

• #49 Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction (TMJ) | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/temporomandibular-joint-dysfunction-tmd

  If your child is suffering from TMJ pain, there are several things you can do to help prevent it worsening: […] Rest the jaw joint when it becomes tender. […] Avoid hard or chewy foods that can strain face muscles. […] Use moist heat to help relaxation the surrounding muscles. […] Monitor your child’s stress and anxiety levels. […] Have a dentist evaluate your child for grinding or clenching of teeth. […] If the pain persists, your doctor may recommend dental or surgical treatment.

• #50 TMJ Disorders (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/tmj.html

  TMJ disorders can affect kids of any age, but are much more common in teens, especially girls. […] If your child has symptoms of a TMJ disorder, let your dentist know. The earlier a TMJ disorder is diagnosed and treated, the better. […] Offer your child soft foods and help them avoid any habits that can aggravate the TM joint or the muscles of the face (such as chewing gum, clenching or grinding the teeth, or opening the mouth extra-wide while yawning). […] Lots of kids develop TMJ disorders or joint pain from grinding their teeth or clenching their jaw repeatedly. Often, they dont know theyre doing it. Teach kids to notice them when they happen (for example, during a test at school, when angry or upset, etc.) so they can learn to stop them. […] Ask your dentist for more tips on avoiding TMJ disorders.

• #51 TMJ Prevention: Tips for Maintaining Good Oral HealthTMJ Prevention: Tips for Maintaining Good Oral Health

  https://sunrisedentalarizona.com/tmj-prevention-tips-for-maintaining-good-oral-health/

  If you find yourself chewing for extended periods of time, like when eating tough meats or chewy candy, take breaks to rest your jaw muscles. This can help prevent TMJ strain. […] Poor posture can put extra strain on your neck and jaw muscles, leading to TMJ issues. Be sure to sit up straight and avoid slouching to maintain good oral health. […] If you grind or clench your teeth while sleeping, a mouthguard can help protect your teeth and prevent TMJ strain. Talk to your dentist about getting a custom mouthguard that fits your mouth properly. […] Stress and anxiety can cause tension in your jaw muscles, leading to TMJ issues. Try to manage stress through relaxation techniques, like meditation or deep breathing exercises. […] If you have misaligned teeth or bite issues, it can put extra strain on your jaw muscles and joints. Talk to your dentist about treatment options, like braces or orthodontics, to correct these issues and prevent TMJ disorders. […] By practicing good oral hygiene, avoiding hard or chewy foods, taking breaks while chewing, practicing good posture, using a mouthguard, managing stress, and treating misaligned teeth or bite issues, you can keep your jaw healthy and free from TMJ strain.

• #52 Self-Care for Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD)

  http://healthlibrary.touro.com/Library/PreventionGuidelines/3,89755

  You have temporomandibular disorder (TMD). This term describes a group of problems related to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and nearby muscles. The TMJ is located where the upper and lower jaws meet. Treatment will get your jaw back to normal function. But your care doesnt end there. Once youve had TMD, its important to prevent reinjury. Get in the habit of doing self-checks. This can make you aware of any symptoms that begin to return, so you can take action right away. […] Make it a habit to assess your body a few times each day. Try writing yourself a reminder. Or set an alarm on your watch or phone. When doing a self-check, ask yourself: Do I feel stressed? Are my muscles tense? Am I grinding or clenching my teeth? Is my posture healthy for my body? Is there anything I can do to make myself more comfortable?

• #53 Self-Care for Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD)

  http://healthlibrary.touro.com/Library/PreventionGuidelines/3,89755

  You have temporomandibular disorder (TMD). This term describes a group of problems related to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and nearby muscles. The TMJ is located where the upper and lower jaws meet. Treatment will get your jaw back to normal function. But your care doesnt end there. Once youve had TMD, its important to prevent reinjury. Get in the habit of doing self-checks. This can make you aware of any symptoms that begin to return, so you can take action right away. […] Make it a habit to assess your body a few times each day. Try writing yourself a reminder. Or set an alarm on your watch or phone. When doing a self-check, ask yourself: Do I feel stressed? Are my muscles tense? Am I grinding or clenching my teeth? Is my posture healthy for my body? Is there anything I can do to make myself more comfortable?

• #54 Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) | University Hospitals

  https://www.uhhospitals.org/health-information/health-and-wellness-library/article/diseases-and-conditions/temporomandibular-disorders-tmd

  TMD symptoms can come back during times of stress. It is helpful to be aware of what triggers your symptoms so you can do things to prevent it from happening again. […] Treatment may include resting the temporomandibular joint, physical therapy, medicine, behavior changes, or an orthopedic appliance or mouthguard. […] It helps to be aware of what triggers your symptoms so you can prevent a recurrence.

• #55 Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD)

  https://healthlibrary.uwmedicine.org/Library/DiseasesConditions/Adult/Respiratory/85,P00899

  TMD symptoms can come back during times of stress. It is helpful to be aware of what triggers your symptoms so you can do things to prevent it from happening again. […] Treatment may include resting the temporomandibular joint, physical therapy, medicine, behavior changes, or an orthopedic appliance or mouthguard.

• #56 Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction (TMJ) | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/temporomandibular-joint-dysfunction-tmd

  If your child is suffering from TMJ pain, there are several things you can do to help prevent it worsening: […] Rest the jaw joint when it becomes tender. […] Avoid hard or chewy foods that can strain face muscles. […] Use moist heat to help relaxation the surrounding muscles. […] Monitor your child’s stress and anxiety levels. […] Have a dentist evaluate your child for grinding or clenching of teeth. […] If the pain persists, your doctor may recommend dental or surgical treatment.

• #57

  https://www.tmjtreatmentcentersofwi.com/management-treatment-of-tmd

  Such conservative management techniques have proven to be safe and effective in the vast majority of TMD cases. While rarely needed, surgery is sometimes performed when conservative treatment has failed to improve comfort and function. However, even when TMD symptoms are long standing and severe, most patients rarely require invasive treatments designed to permanently change the bite or repositioning of the jaw. […] There is no reason to live with the pain. The risks of leaving TMD untreated simply aren’t worth it. […] For very mild cases, or prior to being able to see a TMD specialist, there are self-management actions you can do for yourself, such as: Limit your jaw opening movement to about two finger widths, Avoid chewing hard or very chewy food, or gum, Cut food into smaller pieces, Massage painful facial muscles, Use cold packs or moist heat packs, Avoid grinding clenching your teeth, Practice keeping teeth apart and lips together, Avoid chewing non-food items, ie: pencils, fingernails, etc., Avoid playing musical instruments that put pressure on your jaw, Learn stress management and relaxation techniques, Keep a diary of your pain, and anything, or any time of the day or night, that makes it better or worse.

• #58 TMD Disorders can Progress to Chronic if Untreated

  https://www.orofacialtherapeutics.com/tmd-disorders/

  Given this high prevalence and severity, the prevention of chronic TMDs should be a research priority, yet most of the research to date focuses on the treatment of existing TMDs. […] The pathogenesis of extraarticular TMDs is our primary focus because timely therapeutic intervention in acute injury scenarios may modify the conditions that predispose to chronic pain, making prevention strategies feasible. […] There is a narrow therapeutic window to prevent the establishment of prolonged pain and/or dysfunction. If a jaw injury or insult is promptly treated in the acute state, the progression to central sensitization, and therefore, chronic pain, may be avoided. Speed to treatment is critical to accomplish this intervention. […] The key principle in preventing chronicity is speed to treatment. The primary preventive strategies include reducing peripheral sensitization, preventing chronic jaw muscle tension and the guarding reflex, and relieving the psychological states that accelerate central sensitization.

• #59 Understanding Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD)

  https://www.veteranshealthlibrary.va.gov/3,89757

  Do you have pain in your face, jaw, or teeth? Do you have trouble chewing? Does your jaw make clicking or popping noises? These symptoms can be caused by temporomandibular disorders (TMD). […] However, your health care team can help you treat TMD and prevent future problems. […] If you are having TMD symptoms, dont wait. Call your dentist or health care provider right away. You dont have to live with pain or discomfort. TMD can be treated. […] Treatment can help relieve your current condition. But TMD symptoms may return over time. You may prevent future problems by maintaining the health of your jaw: […] Stay away from foods and habits (chewing gum or nail biting) that make your symptoms worse. […] Lower the stress level in your life. […] Follow your treatment plan. […] Pay attention to your body and get help if symptoms return.

• #60 TMD (Temporomandibular Disorders) Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research

  https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/tmd

  Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a group of more than 30 conditions that cause pain and dysfunction in the jaw joint and muscles that control jaw movement. […] Many TMDs last only a short time and go away on their own. However, in some cases they can become chronic, or long lasting. […] Because evidence is lacking for the majority of TMD treatments, experts strongly recommend staying away from treatments that cause permanent changes to the jaw joints, teeth, or bite; or that involve surgery. […] Signs and symptoms of TMD go away in many people without treatment. […] If you think you have a TMD or are diagnosed with one: Start with simple treatments first; remember that TMD symptoms often go away on their own, without treatment. […] Avoid (when possible) treatments that involve going into or permanently changing the jaw joints, especially surgery or TMJ implants. […] Understand all the risks when considering surgery or other medical or dental procedures that result in permanent change and seek an opinion from an orofacial pain clinic at a medical or dental school, if possible.

• #61 Treatments – The TMJ Association

  https://tmj.org/living-with-tmj/treatments/

  Most people with TMJ problems have relatively mild or periodic symptoms which may improve on their own within weeks or months with simple home therapy. Self-care practices, such as eating soft foods, applying ice or moist heat and avoiding extreme jaw movements (such as wide yawning, loud singing, and gum chewing) are helpful in easing symptoms. […] According to the National Institutes of Health brochure on TMJ, it strongly recommends using the most conservative, reversible treatments possible. Conservative treatments do not invade the tissues of the face, jaw, or joint, or involve surgery. Reversible treatments do not cause permanent changes in the structure or position of the jaw or teeth. […] If TMJ issues become persistent and severe, moving toward aggressive treatments does not necessarily ensure improvement of the symptoms.

• #62 Temporomandibular Disorders: Rapid Evidence Review | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2023/0100/temporomandibular-disorders.html

  Temporomandibular disorders affect between 5% and 12% of the population and present with symptoms such as headache, bruxism, pain at the temporomandibular joint, jaw popping or clicking, neck pain, tinnitus, dizziness, decreased hearing, and hyperacuity to sound. […] Nonpharmacologic therapy includes patient education (e.g., good sleep hygiene, soft food diet) and physical therapy. […] Supportive patient education and self-management strategies are beneficial to patients. Self-management strategies may include optimal head posture, sleep hygiene, avoidance of triggers (e.g., nail biting, gum chewing, clenching, grinding), heat or ice packs, a soft food diet, and home exercises. […] Avoid routinely using irreversible surgical procedures such as braces, occlusal equilibration, and restorations as the first treatment of choice in the management of temporomandibular joint disorders.

• #63 Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction (TMJ) | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/temporomandibular-joint-dysfunction-tmd

  If your child is suffering from TMJ pain, there are several things you can do to help prevent it worsening: […] Rest the jaw joint when it becomes tender. […] Avoid hard or chewy foods that can strain face muscles. […] Use moist heat to help relaxation the surrounding muscles. […] Monitor your child’s stress and anxiety levels. […] Have a dentist evaluate your child for grinding or clenching of teeth. […] If the pain persists, your doctor may recommend dental or surgical treatment.

• #64 Temporomandibular joint dysfunction – symptoms, treatment and causes | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/temporomandibular-joint-dysfunction

  One way to avoid TMJ dysfunction is to manage your stress levels. You can also see your dentist regularly to prevent dental problems. […] Rest should help with the symptoms of TMJ dysfunction. Here are some things you can do to rest your TMJ: eat soft food, cut all food into small pieces, avoid clenching your jaw, avoid opening your mouth wide, avoid chewing gum, wear a mouthguard while you sleep to prevent jaw clenching or teeth grinding. […] Your doctor might suggest taking pain relief medication or medications for inflammation. You could ask your pharmacist for an anti-inflammatory gel.

• #65 Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction (TMJ) | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/temporomandibular-joint-dysfunction-tmd

  If your child is suffering from TMJ pain, there are several things you can do to help prevent it worsening: […] Rest the jaw joint when it becomes tender. […] Avoid hard or chewy foods that can strain face muscles. […] Use moist heat to help relaxation the surrounding muscles. […] Monitor your child’s stress and anxiety levels. […] Have a dentist evaluate your child for grinding or clenching of teeth. […] If the pain persists, your doctor may recommend dental or surgical treatment.

• #66 Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Syndrome Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/809598-treatment

  In most patients, the signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders improve over time with or without treatment. As many as 50% of patients have symptomatic improvement in 1 year and 85% in 3 years. […] Initial management of TMJ disorders is with a conservative multimodal approach. […] Conservative treatment of TMJ syndrome may include the following: Education and self-care; for example, patients should eat a soft diet, and avoid counterproductive habits such as excessive gum chewing or nail biting. Warm and cold compresses should be used at night along with gentle massage of the TMJ area. Patients should avoid jaw clenching and teeth grinding if possible. […] Dental splints or mouthguards may reduce pain by keeping the jaw more properly aligned and limiting nocturnal bruxism and teeth grinding.

• #67 Diagnosis and Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0315/p378.html

  Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a heterogeneous group of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions involving the temporomandibular joint complex, and surrounding musculature and osseous components. […] Most patients improve with a combination of noninvasive therapies, including patient education, self-care, cognitive behavior therapy, pharmacotherapy, physical therapy, and occlusal devices. […] Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and muscle relaxants are recommended initially, and benzodiazepines or antidepressants may be added for chronic cases. […] Supportive patient education is the recommended initial treatment for TMD. […] Adjunctive measures include jaw rest, soft diet, moist warm compresses, and passive stretching exercises. […] TMJ immobilization has shown no benefit and may worsen symptoms as a result of muscle contractures, muscle fatigue, and reduced synovial fluid production.

• #68 Diagnosis and Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0315/p378.html

  Physical Therapy. There is evidence albeit weak that supports the use of physical therapy for improving symptoms associated with TMD. […] Specialized physical therapy options such as ultrasound, iontophoresis, electrotherapy, or low-level laser therapy have been used in the management of TMD, despite the lack of evidence to support their use. […] A Cochrane review supports the use of cognitive behavior therapy and biofeedback in both short- and long-term pain management for patients with symptomatic TMD when compared with usual management. […] Patients should be counseled on behavior modifications such as stress reduction, sleep hygiene, elimination of parafunctional habits (e.g., teeth grinding, pencil or ice chewing, teeth clenching), and avoidance of extreme mandibular movement (e.g., excessive opening during yawning, tooth brushing, and flossing). […] The use of occlusal splints is thought to alleviate or prevent degenerative forces placed on the TMJ, articular disk, and dentition. […] Occlusal adjustments (i.e., grinding enamel surfaces to improve dentition) have no benefit in the management or prevention of TMD.

• #69 Guide | Physical Therapy Guide to Temporomandibular Disorder | Choose PT

  https://www.choosept.com/guide/physical-therapy-guide-temporomandibular-joint-disorder

  Conservative management, including physical therapy, is the recommended first-line approach for TMD. […] A physical therapist can help you decrease your pain and restore jaw function. They will design a treatment program for your specific condition. […] You can prevent TMD by maintaining proper head and neck posture, learning how to manage stress, and addressing muscle tightness when it occurs. […] A physical therapist can help you avoid a recurrence or worsening of TMD symptoms by educating you on: […] General tips for people with TMD include: […] Maintain a good posture at all times. Avoid slouching in front of the computer or when checking phone messages. […] Avoid opening the jaw too wide during activities like yawning, laughing, or singing. […] Maintain good oral hygiene and tooth health.

• #70 Temporomandibular joint dysfunction – symptoms, treatment and causes | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/temporomandibular-joint-dysfunction

  One way to avoid TMJ dysfunction is to manage your stress levels. You can also see your dentist regularly to prevent dental problems. […] Rest should help with the symptoms of TMJ dysfunction. Here are some things you can do to rest your TMJ: eat soft food, cut all food into small pieces, avoid clenching your jaw, avoid opening your mouth wide, avoid chewing gum, wear a mouthguard while you sleep to prevent jaw clenching or teeth grinding. […] Your doctor might suggest taking pain relief medication or medications for inflammation. You could ask your pharmacist for an anti-inflammatory gel.

• #71 Diagnosis and Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0315/p378.html

  Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a heterogeneous group of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions involving the temporomandibular joint complex, and surrounding musculature and osseous components. […] Most patients improve with a combination of noninvasive therapies, including patient education, self-care, cognitive behavior therapy, pharmacotherapy, physical therapy, and occlusal devices. […] Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and muscle relaxants are recommended initially, and benzodiazepines or antidepressants may be added for chronic cases. […] Supportive patient education is the recommended initial treatment for TMD. […] Adjunctive measures include jaw rest, soft diet, moist warm compresses, and passive stretching exercises. […] TMJ immobilization has shown no benefit and may worsen symptoms as a result of muscle contractures, muscle fatigue, and reduced synovial fluid production.

• #72 The use of pharmacologic agents in the management of temporomandibular joint disorder – Dammling – Frontiers of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine

  https://fomm.amegroups.org/article/view/52991/html

  Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) are oro-facial pain conditions that originate from either intraarticular or extraarticular related pathology. […] It is critical that the patient is aware that any management option for TMD is not meant to be a cure, but rather an aid to improve mandibular function, relief of pain, increase quality of life, and prevent further progression of the disease. […] Despite this lack of evidence, NSAIDs (i.e., naproxen) have generally remained the first line medication for patients with significant inflammatory pain. For patients that have a muscular component to their pain, muscle relaxants have been recommended in conjunction with NSAIDs. […] It is important the patient is aware that medical management provides improvement of symptoms, but not a cure.

• #73 The use of pharmacologic agents in the management of temporomandibular joint disorder – Dammling – Frontiers of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine

  https://fomm.amegroups.org/article/view/52991/html

  Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) are oro-facial pain conditions that originate from either intraarticular or extraarticular related pathology. […] It is critical that the patient is aware that any management option for TMD is not meant to be a cure, but rather an aid to improve mandibular function, relief of pain, increase quality of life, and prevent further progression of the disease. […] Despite this lack of evidence, NSAIDs (i.e., naproxen) have generally remained the first line medication for patients with significant inflammatory pain. For patients that have a muscular component to their pain, muscle relaxants have been recommended in conjunction with NSAIDs. […] It is important the patient is aware that medical management provides improvement of symptoms, but not a cure.

• #74

  https://www.tmjtreatmentcentersofwi.com/management-treatment-of-tmd

  The most widely used types of medications in the management of TMD are analgesics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, benzodiazepines, muscle relaxants, and low-dose antidepressants. These medications may be used alone, or in combination for various lengths of time. Every effort is made to avoid long-term use and the lowest dosage is always used to minimize side effect concerns. […] Effective treatment of TP pain first requires stabilizing the jaw joint which is causing the muscles to remain guarded which is accomplished by the use of an intraoral device often called a splint which when in place, will reduce pressure within the TM joints thereby reducing the need to for the muscles to remain guarded. Once this is accomplished, direct treatment to the TPs will be much more effective. Some common treatment approaches of the muscles with TPs, is accomplished with physical therapy (PT), dry-needling/TP injection, postural improvement re-education to name some of the more common methods. Equally important is the patients participation from daily, self-directed care of the muscles (self-massage stretching) and improving muscle tone through exercise.

• #75 Diagnosis and Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0315/p378.html

  Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a heterogeneous group of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions involving the temporomandibular joint complex, and surrounding musculature and osseous components. […] Most patients improve with a combination of noninvasive therapies, including patient education, self-care, cognitive behavior therapy, pharmacotherapy, physical therapy, and occlusal devices. […] Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and muscle relaxants are recommended initially, and benzodiazepines or antidepressants may be added for chronic cases. […] Supportive patient education is the recommended initial treatment for TMD. […] Adjunctive measures include jaw rest, soft diet, moist warm compresses, and passive stretching exercises. […] TMJ immobilization has shown no benefit and may worsen symptoms as a result of muscle contractures, muscle fatigue, and reduced synovial fluid production.

• #76

  https://www.tmjtreatmentcentersofwi.com/management-treatment-of-tmd

  The most widely used types of medications in the management of TMD are analgesics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, benzodiazepines, muscle relaxants, and low-dose antidepressants. These medications may be used alone, or in combination for various lengths of time. Every effort is made to avoid long-term use and the lowest dosage is always used to minimize side effect concerns. […] Effective treatment of TP pain first requires stabilizing the jaw joint which is causing the muscles to remain guarded which is accomplished by the use of an intraoral device often called a splint which when in place, will reduce pressure within the TM joints thereby reducing the need to for the muscles to remain guarded. Once this is accomplished, direct treatment to the TPs will be much more effective. Some common treatment approaches of the muscles with TPs, is accomplished with physical therapy (PT), dry-needling/TP injection, postural improvement re-education to name some of the more common methods. Equally important is the patients participation from daily, self-directed care of the muscles (self-massage stretching) and improving muscle tone through exercise.

• #77 The use of pharmacologic agents in the management of temporomandibular joint disorder – Dammling – Frontiers of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine

  https://fomm.amegroups.org/article/view/52991/html

  Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) are oro-facial pain conditions that originate from either intraarticular or extraarticular related pathology. […] It is critical that the patient is aware that any management option for TMD is not meant to be a cure, but rather an aid to improve mandibular function, relief of pain, increase quality of life, and prevent further progression of the disease. […] Despite this lack of evidence, NSAIDs (i.e., naproxen) have generally remained the first line medication for patients with significant inflammatory pain. For patients that have a muscular component to their pain, muscle relaxants have been recommended in conjunction with NSAIDs. […] It is important the patient is aware that medical management provides improvement of symptoms, but not a cure.

• #78 Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Syndrome Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/809598-treatment

  In most patients, the signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders improve over time with or without treatment. As many as 50% of patients have symptomatic improvement in 1 year and 85% in 3 years. […] Initial management of TMJ disorders is with a conservative multimodal approach. […] Conservative treatment of TMJ syndrome may include the following: Education and self-care; for example, patients should eat a soft diet, and avoid counterproductive habits such as excessive gum chewing or nail biting. Warm and cold compresses should be used at night along with gentle massage of the TMJ area. Patients should avoid jaw clenching and teeth grinding if possible. […] Dental splints or mouthguards may reduce pain by keeping the jaw more properly aligned and limiting nocturnal bruxism and teeth grinding.

• #79 Reported concepts for the treatment modalities and pain management of temporomandibular disorders | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text

  https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-015-0586-5

  The authors concluded that conservative treatment including counselling, exercises, occlusal splint therapy, massage, manual therapy and others should be considered as a first choice therapy for TMD pain because of their low risk of side effects. […] In the case of severe acute pain or chronic pain resulting from serious disorders, inflammation and/or degeneration pharmacotherapy, minimally invasive and invasive procedures should be considered. […] To achieve the proper relation of the jaw, centric relation (CR) should be restored. It is easily performed by occlusal splints. […] Occlusal splints are used in a vast majority of patients with TMDs to restore the static and dynamic symmetry of the stomatognathic system. […] The occlusal splints are also used in the initial phase of treatment in patients with mouth overclosure caused by a pathologic deep bite.

• #80 Temporomandibular Joint Disorders (TMD, TMJ)

  https://www.uvmhealth.org/medcenter/conditions-and-treatments/temporomandibular-joint-disorders-tmd-tmj

  TMD symptoms usually go away without treatment. Simple home treatment can often relieve mild jaw pain. There are things you can do at first to reduce pain. […] Getting physical therapy and learning ways to reduce stress may also help to reduce pain and TM joint problems. Continue to use some of these methods over time to prevent and manage symptoms that might come back. […] Splints, also called bite plates, are a common dental treatment for TMDs. Splints are usually clear pieces of plastic that fit between the upper and lower teeth. They help reduce grinding and clenching. Splints are used for a short time so that they do not cause permanent changes in the teeth or jaw. […] Before you try treatments such as surgery or reshaping or shaving down the teeth, think it over. These treatments cannot be reversed and can even damage the TM joint.

• #81 Reported concepts for the treatment modalities and pain management of temporomandibular disorders | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text

  https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-015-0586-5

  The authors concluded that conservative treatment including counselling, exercises, occlusal splint therapy, massage, manual therapy and others should be considered as a first choice therapy for TMD pain because of their low risk of side effects. […] In the case of severe acute pain or chronic pain resulting from serious disorders, inflammation and/or degeneration pharmacotherapy, minimally invasive and invasive procedures should be considered. […] To achieve the proper relation of the jaw, centric relation (CR) should be restored. It is easily performed by occlusal splints. […] Occlusal splints are used in a vast majority of patients with TMDs to restore the static and dynamic symmetry of the stomatognathic system. […] The occlusal splints are also used in the initial phase of treatment in patients with mouth overclosure caused by a pathologic deep bite.

• #82 Temporomandibular Joint Disorders (TMD, TMJ)

  https://www.uvmhealth.org/medcenter/conditions-and-treatments/temporomandibular-joint-disorders-tmd-tmj

  TMD symptoms usually go away without treatment. Simple home treatment can often relieve mild jaw pain. There are things you can do at first to reduce pain. […] Getting physical therapy and learning ways to reduce stress may also help to reduce pain and TM joint problems. Continue to use some of these methods over time to prevent and manage symptoms that might come back. […] Splints, also called bite plates, are a common dental treatment for TMDs. Splints are usually clear pieces of plastic that fit between the upper and lower teeth. They help reduce grinding and clenching. Splints are used for a short time so that they do not cause permanent changes in the teeth or jaw. […] Before you try treatments such as surgery or reshaping or shaving down the teeth, think it over. These treatments cannot be reversed and can even damage the TM joint.

• #83 Reported concepts for the treatment modalities and pain management of temporomandibular disorders | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text

  https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-015-0586-5

  The authors concluded that conservative treatment including counselling, exercises, occlusal splint therapy, massage, manual therapy and others should be considered as a first choice therapy for TMD pain because of their low risk of side effects. […] In the case of severe acute pain or chronic pain resulting from serious disorders, inflammation and/or degeneration pharmacotherapy, minimally invasive and invasive procedures should be considered. […] To achieve the proper relation of the jaw, centric relation (CR) should be restored. It is easily performed by occlusal splints. […] Occlusal splints are used in a vast majority of patients with TMDs to restore the static and dynamic symmetry of the stomatognathic system. […] The occlusal splints are also used in the initial phase of treatment in patients with mouth overclosure caused by a pathologic deep bite.

• #84 I Have Jaw Pain

  https://www.robisondentalgroup.com/tmj-therapy.html

  Temporomandibular joint disorder, or TMD, is extremely common and often manifests as jaw pain, headaches, and other similar symptoms. […] If you suffer from chronic headaches and other similar symptoms, you will want to get evaluated to find out if you could be suffering from TMD. […] If you’re suffering needlessly from jaw pain, headaches, and other uncomfortable symptoms caused by TMD, we offer TMJ headache prevention therapy. […] An occlusal splint is a type of therapeutic mouthpiece designed to treat TMD-related pain. […] It can also protect the teeth from another common TMD symptom: bruxism, also known as teeth grinding. […] Sometimes, the underlying cause of TMD is a misaligned bite, which places uneven stress and pressure on the jaw joint. […] To correct this, we need to properly align the rows of teeth to make sure they come together smoothly. […] This is a great way to provide immediate pain relief and relax potentially spasming muscles!

• #85 TMJ (Jaw Joint) Treatment | UT Dentistry

  https://uthscsa.edu/utdentistry/services/tmj

  TMJ (temporomandibular joint) disorders are a family of problems related to your jaw joint. […] Since some types of TMJ problems can lead to more serious conditions, early detection and treatment are important. […] It is important to note that treatment always works best with a team approach of self-care combined with professional care. […] Self-care treatments can often be effective as well and include: Resting your jaw, Keeping your teeth apart when you are not swallowing or eating, Eating soft foods, Applying ice and heat, Exercising your jaw, Practicing good posture. […] Stress management techniques such as biofeedback or physical therapy may also be recommended, as well as a temporary, clear plastic appliance known as a splint. […] A nightguard helps you stop clenching or grinding your teeth and reduces muscle tension at night. […] Appliances also help protect tooth wear.

• #86 TMD (Temporomandibular Disorders) Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research

  https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/tmd

  Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a group of more than 30 conditions that cause pain and dysfunction in the jaw joint and muscles that control jaw movement. […] Many TMDs last only a short time and go away on their own. However, in some cases they can become chronic, or long lasting. […] Because evidence is lacking for the majority of TMD treatments, experts strongly recommend staying away from treatments that cause permanent changes to the jaw joints, teeth, or bite; or that involve surgery. […] Signs and symptoms of TMD go away in many people without treatment. […] If you think you have a TMD or are diagnosed with one: Start with simple treatments first; remember that TMD symptoms often go away on their own, without treatment. […] Avoid (when possible) treatments that involve going into or permanently changing the jaw joints, especially surgery or TMJ implants. […] Understand all the risks when considering surgery or other medical or dental procedures that result in permanent change and seek an opinion from an orofacial pain clinic at a medical or dental school, if possible.

• #87 Diagnosis and Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0315/p378.html

  Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a heterogeneous group of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions involving the temporomandibular joint complex, and surrounding musculature and osseous components. […] Most patients improve with a combination of noninvasive therapies, including patient education, self-care, cognitive behavior therapy, pharmacotherapy, physical therapy, and occlusal devices. […] Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and muscle relaxants are recommended initially, and benzodiazepines or antidepressants may be added for chronic cases. […] Supportive patient education is the recommended initial treatment for TMD. […] Adjunctive measures include jaw rest, soft diet, moist warm compresses, and passive stretching exercises. […] TMJ immobilization has shown no benefit and may worsen symptoms as a result of muscle contractures, muscle fatigue, and reduced synovial fluid production.

• #88 Diagnosis and Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0315/p378.html

  Physical Therapy. There is evidence albeit weak that supports the use of physical therapy for improving symptoms associated with TMD. […] Specialized physical therapy options such as ultrasound, iontophoresis, electrotherapy, or low-level laser therapy have been used in the management of TMD, despite the lack of evidence to support their use. […] A Cochrane review supports the use of cognitive behavior therapy and biofeedback in both short- and long-term pain management for patients with symptomatic TMD when compared with usual management. […] Patients should be counseled on behavior modifications such as stress reduction, sleep hygiene, elimination of parafunctional habits (e.g., teeth grinding, pencil or ice chewing, teeth clenching), and avoidance of extreme mandibular movement (e.g., excessive opening during yawning, tooth brushing, and flossing). […] The use of occlusal splints is thought to alleviate or prevent degenerative forces placed on the TMJ, articular disk, and dentition. […] Occlusal adjustments (i.e., grinding enamel surfaces to improve dentition) have no benefit in the management or prevention of TMD.

• #89 Diagnosis and Treatment of Temporomandibular Disorders | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2015/0315/p378.html

  Physical Therapy. There is evidence albeit weak that supports the use of physical therapy for improving symptoms associated with TMD. […] Specialized physical therapy options such as ultrasound, iontophoresis, electrotherapy, or low-level laser therapy have been used in the management of TMD, despite the lack of evidence to support their use. […] A Cochrane review supports the use of cognitive behavior therapy and biofeedback in both short- and long-term pain management for patients with symptomatic TMD when compared with usual management. […] Patients should be counseled on behavior modifications such as stress reduction, sleep hygiene, elimination of parafunctional habits (e.g., teeth grinding, pencil or ice chewing, teeth clenching), and avoidance of extreme mandibular movement (e.g., excessive opening during yawning, tooth brushing, and flossing). […] The use of occlusal splints is thought to alleviate or prevent degenerative forces placed on the TMJ, articular disk, and dentition. […] Occlusal adjustments (i.e., grinding enamel surfaces to improve dentition) have no benefit in the management or prevention of TMD.

• #90 TMD (Temporomandibular Disorders) Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment | National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research

  https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/tmd

  Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a group of more than 30 conditions that cause pain and dysfunction in the jaw joint and muscles that control jaw movement. […] Many TMDs last only a short time and go away on their own. However, in some cases they can become chronic, or long lasting. […] Because evidence is lacking for the majority of TMD treatments, experts strongly recommend staying away from treatments that cause permanent changes to the jaw joints, teeth, or bite; or that involve surgery. […] Signs and symptoms of TMD go away in many people without treatment. […] If you think you have a TMD or are diagnosed with one: Start with simple treatments first; remember that TMD symptoms often go away on their own, without treatment. […] Avoid (when possible) treatments that involve going into or permanently changing the jaw joints, especially surgery or TMJ implants. […] Understand all the risks when considering surgery or other medical or dental procedures that result in permanent change and seek an opinion from an orofacial pain clinic at a medical or dental school, if possible.

• #91

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=hw209469

  To prevent temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), try to reduce muscle tension in your jaw. Here are some ways you can reduce muscle tension. […] In the past, various procedures such as dental restoration and orthodontic treatment were used to prevent joint sounds from developing into TMDs. Such measures are not only unneeded but also potentially damaging to a joint that may never become painful on its own.

• #92 TMD Disorders can Progress to Chronic if Untreated

  https://www.orofacialtherapeutics.com/tmd-disorders/

  Given this high prevalence and severity, the prevention of chronic TMDs should be a research priority, yet most of the research to date focuses on the treatment of existing TMDs. […] The pathogenesis of extraarticular TMDs is our primary focus because timely therapeutic intervention in acute injury scenarios may modify the conditions that predispose to chronic pain, making prevention strategies feasible. […] There is a narrow therapeutic window to prevent the establishment of prolonged pain and/or dysfunction. If a jaw injury or insult is promptly treated in the acute state, the progression to central sensitization, and therefore, chronic pain, may be avoided. Speed to treatment is critical to accomplish this intervention. […] The key principle in preventing chronicity is speed to treatment. The primary preventive strategies include reducing peripheral sensitization, preventing chronic jaw muscle tension and the guarding reflex, and relieving the psychological states that accelerate central sensitization.

• #93 TMJ (Jaw Joint) Treatment | UT Dentistry

  https://uthscsa.edu/utdentistry/services/tmj

  TMJ (temporomandibular joint) disorders are a family of problems related to your jaw joint. […] Since some types of TMJ problems can lead to more serious conditions, early detection and treatment are important. […] It is important to note that treatment always works best with a team approach of self-care combined with professional care. […] Self-care treatments can often be effective as well and include: Resting your jaw, Keeping your teeth apart when you are not swallowing or eating, Eating soft foods, Applying ice and heat, Exercising your jaw, Practicing good posture. […] Stress management techniques such as biofeedback or physical therapy may also be recommended, as well as a temporary, clear plastic appliance known as a splint. […] A nightguard helps you stop clenching or grinding your teeth and reduces muscle tension at night. […] Appliances also help protect tooth wear.

• #94 TMD Disorders can Progress to Chronic if Untreated

  https://www.orofacialtherapeutics.com/tmd-disorders/

  Given this high prevalence and severity, the prevention of chronic TMDs should be a research priority, yet most of the research to date focuses on the treatment of existing TMDs. […] The pathogenesis of extraarticular TMDs is our primary focus because timely therapeutic intervention in acute injury scenarios may modify the conditions that predispose to chronic pain, making prevention strategies feasible. […] There is a narrow therapeutic window to prevent the establishment of prolonged pain and/or dysfunction. If a jaw injury or insult is promptly treated in the acute state, the progression to central sensitization, and therefore, chronic pain, may be avoided. Speed to treatment is critical to accomplish this intervention. […] The key principle in preventing chronicity is speed to treatment. The primary preventive strategies include reducing peripheral sensitization, preventing chronic jaw muscle tension and the guarding reflex, and relieving the psychological states that accelerate central sensitization.

• #95 TMD Disorders can Progress to Chronic if Untreated

  https://www.orofacialtherapeutics.com/tmd-disorders/

  Given this high prevalence and severity, the prevention of chronic TMDs should be a research priority, yet most of the research to date focuses on the treatment of existing TMDs. […] The pathogenesis of extraarticular TMDs is our primary focus because timely therapeutic intervention in acute injury scenarios may modify the conditions that predispose to chronic pain, making prevention strategies feasible. […] There is a narrow therapeutic window to prevent the establishment of prolonged pain and/or dysfunction. If a jaw injury or insult is promptly treated in the acute state, the progression to central sensitization, and therefore, chronic pain, may be avoided. Speed to treatment is critical to accomplish this intervention. […] The key principle in preventing chronicity is speed to treatment. The primary preventive strategies include reducing peripheral sensitization, preventing chronic jaw muscle tension and the guarding reflex, and relieving the psychological states that accelerate central sensitization.

• #96 TMD Disorders can Progress to Chronic if Untreated

  https://www.orofacialtherapeutics.com/tmd-disorders/

  Given this high prevalence and severity, the prevention of chronic TMDs should be a research priority, yet most of the research to date focuses on the treatment of existing TMDs. […] The pathogenesis of extraarticular TMDs is our primary focus because timely therapeutic intervention in acute injury scenarios may modify the conditions that predispose to chronic pain, making prevention strategies feasible. […] There is a narrow therapeutic window to prevent the establishment of prolonged pain and/or dysfunction. If a jaw injury or insult is promptly treated in the acute state, the progression to central sensitization, and therefore, chronic pain, may be avoided. Speed to treatment is critical to accomplish this intervention. […] The key principle in preventing chronicity is speed to treatment. The primary preventive strategies include reducing peripheral sensitization, preventing chronic jaw muscle tension and the guarding reflex, and relieving the psychological states that accelerate central sensitization.

• #97 TMD Disorders can Progress to Chronic if Untreated

  https://www.orofacialtherapeutics.com/tmd-disorders/

  It is our contention that a multimodal approach, using non-invasive and complementary measures, provides the best chance of stopping the cycle of pain amplification and progression to chronicity. […] The imperative of speed to treatment is accomplished by our temporary bite guards, the QuickSplint. […] The presence of multiple targets calls for a multi-modal therapeutic strategy, for example, if there are ENT-TMJ related issues. This multi-modal approach must be patient-directed, easily followed, and immediately deployable without specialist intervention.

• #98 Treatments – The TMJ Association

  https://tmj.org/living-with-tmj/treatments/

  There are a wide variety of potential treatments for TMJ, including self-management, physical therapy, medications, occlusal adjustments, intraoral appliances, and surgery. Evidence based clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of TMJs do not currently exist, despite the fact that treatment is common. Evidence about the safety and efficacy of these treatments is sparse; many of the research studies that have been conducted are insufficiently powered to produce solid conclusions, lack appropriate comparison or control groups, are missing standardized outcome measures, or focus on individual interventions without the context of holistic patient care.

• #99

  https://www.tmjtreatmentcentersofwi.com/management-treatment-of-tmd

  Because there is no known cure for TMD, management of patients with TMD symptoms is similar to management of patients with other orthopedic or rheumatologic disorders. The goals of TMD management include decrease in pain, decrease in adverse pressure or loading on the jaw joints, restoration of function of the jaw and normal daily activities. These goals are best achieved by identifying all contributing factors and implementing a well-defined management program. […] The pain and discomfort associated with most TMJ disorders can be managed with conservative, self-managed care or non-surgical therapies. Therapy for TMJ problems can range from simple measures to extensive therapy. This may include physical therapy, exercises, nutritional recommendations and the use of stress reduction techniques, medications and trigger point injections.

• #100 Reported concepts for the treatment modalities and pain management of temporomandibular disorders | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text

  https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-015-0586-5

  To restore the accurate function of the TMJ, changes in daily habits is important. The change of food consistency (eating softer foods), applying cold or heat, and avoiding extreme movements of the mandible (chewing gum, wide yawning or loud singing) might be enough to decrease TMD symptoms. […] In this situation, counselling, behavioral therapy and stress management should also be applied to decrease muscle hypertension and bad habits. […] The treatment of TMD is complicated and requires specific knowledge and exercises to strengthen some groups of muscles and weaken others, occlusal splint therapy, massage and pharmacotherapy. […] The prevalence of these disorders and the multifactorial pathogenesis and therapeutic difficulties of TMD prompted the authors to undertake an effort to describe therapeutic concepts associated with TMD pain.

• #101 Prevention of TMJ Disorder » St. Louis South Oral Surgery

  https://stloralsurgery.com/prevention-of-tmj-disorder/

  Avoid stress: Stress is known to be a major contributing factor in TMJ disorder. This occurs when you clench the jaw or grind the teeth repeatedly due to anxiety. Therefore, you need to find ways to get rid of stress. For example, you can meditate, do yoga, and get a massage to help you relax. […] Don’t overuse your jaw: You need to quit some chewing habits that can contribute to the overuse and stress of your jaw muscles, like chewing gum for hours. Also, don’t chew hard foods for a long time or too fast because you will injure your temporomandibular muscles. […] Stretch your jaw: Try several gentle jaws stretches to increase mobility in the joint. […] Eat softer foods: You should give your jaw a break from chewing and grinding hard food by eating softer foods once in a while. […] Seek help: Don’t hesitate to ask for help from a physical therapist if you suspect that you have TMD. […] For more information on the prevention of TMJ disorder, get in touch with STL Oral Surgery today.

• #102 TMJ Disorders: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15066-temporomandibular-disorders-tmd-overview

  You cant always prevent TMD because some risk factors are unavoidable. But there are things you can do to reduce your risk: […] Wear a mouth guard at night if you clench or grind your teeth. […] Wear a mouth guard while playing contact sports. […] Practice good posture. […] Practice meditation, mindfulness or other stress reduction techniques.

• #103 Reported concepts for the treatment modalities and pain management of temporomandibular disorders | The Journal of Headache and Pain | Full Text

  https://thejournalofheadacheandpain.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s10194-015-0586-5

  To restore the accurate function of the TMJ, changes in daily habits is important. The change of food consistency (eating softer foods), applying cold or heat, and avoiding extreme movements of the mandible (chewing gum, wide yawning or loud singing) might be enough to decrease TMD symptoms. […] In this situation, counselling, behavioral therapy and stress management should also be applied to decrease muscle hypertension and bad habits. […] The treatment of TMD is complicated and requires specific knowledge and exercises to strengthen some groups of muscles and weaken others, occlusal splint therapy, massage and pharmacotherapy. […] The prevalence of these disorders and the multifactorial pathogenesis and therapeutic difficulties of TMD prompted the authors to undertake an effort to describe therapeutic concepts associated with TMD pain.

• #104 Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Syndrome Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/809598-treatment

  In most patients, the signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders improve over time with or without treatment. As many as 50% of patients have symptomatic improvement in 1 year and 85% in 3 years. […] Initial management of TMJ disorders is with a conservative multimodal approach. […] Conservative treatment of TMJ syndrome may include the following: Education and self-care; for example, patients should eat a soft diet, and avoid counterproductive habits such as excessive gum chewing or nail biting. Warm and cold compresses should be used at night along with gentle massage of the TMJ area. Patients should avoid jaw clenching and teeth grinding if possible. […] Dental splints or mouthguards may reduce pain by keeping the jaw more properly aligned and limiting nocturnal bruxism and teeth grinding.

• #105 Prevention of TMJ Disorder » St. Louis South Oral Surgery

  https://stloralsurgery.com/prevention-of-tmj-disorder/

  Avoid stress: Stress is known to be a major contributing factor in TMJ disorder. This occurs when you clench the jaw or grind the teeth repeatedly due to anxiety. Therefore, you need to find ways to get rid of stress. For example, you can meditate, do yoga, and get a massage to help you relax. […] Don’t overuse your jaw: You need to quit some chewing habits that can contribute to the overuse and stress of your jaw muscles, like chewing gum for hours. Also, don’t chew hard foods for a long time or too fast because you will injure your temporomandibular muscles. […] Stretch your jaw: Try several gentle jaws stretches to increase mobility in the joint. […] Eat softer foods: You should give your jaw a break from chewing and grinding hard food by eating softer foods once in a while. […] Seek help: Don’t hesitate to ask for help from a physical therapist if you suspect that you have TMD. […] For more information on the prevention of TMJ disorder, get in touch with STL Oral Surgery today.

• #106 Understanding Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD)

  https://www.veteranshealthlibrary.va.gov/3,89757

  Do you have pain in your face, jaw, or teeth? Do you have trouble chewing? Does your jaw make clicking or popping noises? These symptoms can be caused by temporomandibular disorders (TMD). […] However, your health care team can help you treat TMD and prevent future problems. […] If you are having TMD symptoms, dont wait. Call your dentist or health care provider right away. You dont have to live with pain or discomfort. TMD can be treated. […] Treatment can help relieve your current condition. But TMD symptoms may return over time. You may prevent future problems by maintaining the health of your jaw: […] Stay away from foods and habits (chewing gum or nail biting) that make your symptoms worse. […] Lower the stress level in your life. […] Follow your treatment plan. […] Pay attention to your body and get help if symptoms return.

• #107

  https://www.tmjtreatmentcentersofwi.com/management-treatment-of-tmd

  Such conservative management techniques have proven to be safe and effective in the vast majority of TMD cases. While rarely needed, surgery is sometimes performed when conservative treatment has failed to improve comfort and function. However, even when TMD symptoms are long standing and severe, most patients rarely require invasive treatments designed to permanently change the bite or repositioning of the jaw. […] There is no reason to live with the pain. The risks of leaving TMD untreated simply aren’t worth it. […] For very mild cases, or prior to being able to see a TMD specialist, there are self-management actions you can do for yourself, such as: Limit your jaw opening movement to about two finger widths, Avoid chewing hard or very chewy food, or gum, Cut food into smaller pieces, Massage painful facial muscles, Use cold packs or moist heat packs, Avoid grinding clenching your teeth, Practice keeping teeth apart and lips together, Avoid chewing non-food items, ie: pencils, fingernails, etc., Avoid playing musical instruments that put pressure on your jaw, Learn stress management and relaxation techniques, Keep a diary of your pain, and anything, or any time of the day or night, that makes it better or worse.

• #108 TMD Disorders can Progress to Chronic if Untreated

  https://www.orofacialtherapeutics.com/tmd-disorders/

  Given this high prevalence and severity, the prevention of chronic TMDs should be a research priority, yet most of the research to date focuses on the treatment of existing TMDs. […] The pathogenesis of extraarticular TMDs is our primary focus because timely therapeutic intervention in acute injury scenarios may modify the conditions that predispose to chronic pain, making prevention strategies feasible. […] There is a narrow therapeutic window to prevent the establishment of prolonged pain and/or dysfunction. If a jaw injury or insult is promptly treated in the acute state, the progression to central sensitization, and therefore, chronic pain, may be avoided. Speed to treatment is critical to accomplish this intervention. […] The key principle in preventing chronicity is speed to treatment. The primary preventive strategies include reducing peripheral sensitization, preventing chronic jaw muscle tension and the guarding reflex, and relieving the psychological states that accelerate central sensitization.

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