Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Macular Degeneration: Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15246-macular-degeneration

  Nearly 90% of people with macular degeneration have the dry form. It develops when tiny yellow protein deposits called drusen form under your macula. The built-up deposits dry and thin your macula. […] Vision loss with the dry form of macular degeneration tends to occur gradually. Most people dont completely lose central vision. In some cases, the dry form can change to the wet form. […] Theres no cure for macular degeneration. Starting treatments early can slow the progression of the disease and make symptoms less severe. Even with successful treatments, symptoms often return. Depending on the disease type, treatments include nutritional supplements, medications, photodynamic therapy (PDT) and laser therapy. […] Nutritional supplements to treat dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) […] The Age-Related Eye Disease Studies (AREDS and AREDS2) found that a combination of vitamins and minerals might slow the progression of dry AMD.

• #2 New Treatment Offers Hope for Advanced Dry Macular Degeneration in Baltimore, MD

  https://www.elmanretina.com/new-treatment-offers-hope-for-advanced-dry-macular-degeneration/

  New Treatment Offers Hope for Advanced Dry Macular Degeneration […] While there are treatments for wet AMD, dry AMD had no available treatments until recently. Elman Retina Group is excited to share that Pegcetacoplan (brand name Syfovre) is a new FDA-approved intraocular injection that may slow the progression of geographic atrophy caused by advanced dry AMD. […] The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first medication (Syfovre) to treat geographic atrophy caused by macular degeneration in 2023. […] Pegcetacoplan is the active ingredient in Syfovre created by Apellis Pharmaceuticals. It is a monthly or bimonthly intraocular injection clinically proven to slow the progression of dry AMD. […] Syfovre is the first-ever treatment for geographic atrophy caused by age-related macular degeneration and is a historic event for the retinal ophthalmology field.

• #3 Dry macular degeneration – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dry-macular-degeneration/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350381

  For now, there’s no way to reverse damage from dry macular degeneration. However, there are many clinical trials in progress. If the condition is diagnosed early, you can take steps to help slow its progression, such as taking vitamin supplements, eating healthy and not smoking. […] For people with intermediate or advanced disease, taking a high-dose formulation of antioxidant vitamins and minerals may help reduce the risk of vision loss. Research from the Age-Related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2) has shown benefit in a formulation that includes: […] The evidence doesn’t show benefit in taking these supplements for people with early-stage dry macular degeneration. Ask your eye doctor if taking supplements is right for you. […] It may help for you to get care from a low vision rehabilitation specialist, an occupational therapist, your eye doctor and others trained in low vision rehabilitation. They can help you find ways to adapt to your changing vision.

• #3 Dry macular degeneration – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dry-macular-degeneration/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350381

  For some people with advanced dry macular degeneration in both eyes, an option to improve vision may be surgery to implant a telescopic lens in one eye. The telescopic lens, which looks like a tiny plastic tube, has lenses that magnify your field of vision. The telescopic lens implant may improve both distance and close-up vision, but it has a very narrow field of view. It can be useful in urban settings as an aid to see street signs.

• #4 Dry age-related macular degeneration – Macular Society

  https://www.macularsociety.org/macular-disease/macular-conditions/dry-age-related-macular-degeneration/

  There is currently no treatment for dry AMD. […] There is no medical treatment for dry AMD, which is why the Macular Society is committed to funding research into a possible cure.

• #5 Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) | National Eye Institute

  https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/age-related-macular-degeneration

  Treatment: Dietary supplements (vitamins and minerals), injections, photodynamic therapy (injections and laser treatment) […] If you have intermediate AMD in 1 or both eyes, special dietary supplements (vitamins and minerals) may be able to stop it from turning into late AMD. If you have late AMD in only 1 eye, these supplements may slow down AMD in your other eye. […] If you have wet AMD, there are other treatments that may be able to stop further vision loss: Medicines called anti-VEGF drugs that the doctor injects in your eye, Photodynamic therapy (PDT), a combination of injections and laser treatment. […] Theres currently no treatment for late dry AMD but researchers are hard at work looking for treatment options. […] One NEI research team found a way to treat dry AMD in animals using stem cells. Researchers are now testing whether this treatment is safe for people. This research could lead to a treatment for dry AMD in the future.

• #6 Age-Related Macular Degeneration

  https://www.asrs.org/patients/retinal-diseases/2/agerelated-macular-degeneration

  There are currently two possible treatments, Syfovre (pegcetacoplan) and Izervay (avacincaptad pegol) for GA (the advanced form of dry AMD) which can slow progression of vision loss in some eyes. These are also injections in the eye which are given every one to two months. […] The Age-Related Eye Disease Studies (AREDS), conducted by the National Eye Institute, have found that a nutritional supplement formula may delay and prevent intermediate dry AMD from moving to the advanced form. […] The AREDS supplement formula, which is widely available over the counter, contains: Vitamin C, Lutein, Vitamin E, Zeaxanthin, Zinc.

• #7 Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) Treatments

  https://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/macular-degeneration/amd-treatments/

  There is no current medical-based treatment for dry macular degeneration in the early stage. Nutritional intervention is the only potential therapeutic option at this time. Eating a diet rich in antioxidants may slow the progression of dry AMD. Following the Mediterranean diet may also reduce the risk of early-stage dry AMD. […] The AREDS2 formula may be recommended for people with the intermediate stage of dry AMD. It includes specific antioxidant vitamins and minerals combined into a capsule form and taken orally. These vitamins and minerals include: Vitamin C (500 mg), Vitamin E (400 IU), Zinc (80 mg), Copper (2 mg), Lutein (10 mg), Zeaxanthin (2 mg). Taking these supplements may prevent further progression of the condition. It may also reduce the risk of developing wet AMD. An eye doctor can determine if the AREDS2 formula may be helpful for a particular stage of the disease.

• #8 Macular Degeneration: Treatment Options

  https://www.health.com/macular-degeneration-treatment-8417833

  During this stage, healthcare providers often recommend taking daily doses of certain vitamins and minerals that have shown evidence of slowing down the progression of AMD. Your provider may prescribe the following supplements: 500 milligrams (mg) of vitamin C, 400 international units (IU) of vitamin E, 80 mg of zinc oxide, 1 mg cupric oxide, 10 mg of lutein, 1 mg of zeaxanthin, and 1 gram (g) of omega-3 fatty acids. […] While there are limited treatment options available for late dry AMD, several therapies may help slow down the progression of wet AMD. These include: Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy, delivered by injection, anti-VEGF medication, such as Macugen (pegaptanib), Lucentis (ranibizumab), Avastin (bevacizumab), and Eylea (aflibercept), affect the leaking blood vessels that cause wet AMD.

• #8 Macular Degeneration: Treatment Options

  https://www.health.com/macular-degeneration-treatment-8417833

  Several eye care specialists treat macular degeneration, including ophthalmologists, optometrists, retina specialists, and low-vision specialists. While vision loss due to this condition can’t be reversed, lifestyle changes and supplements can help slow its progression if caught early on. Late-stage treatments are also available which may include medication or surgery. […] If you receive an early diagnosis, your provider may recommend several steps to slow the progression of AMD. These include: Coming in for regular vision exams to track the progress of the condition, quitting smoking or other tobacco products, such as vapes or chewing tobacco, eating a diet rich in lean protein (such as fish), fresh fruit and vegetables, monitoring and controlling hypertension (high blood pressure) and/or diabetes, and increasing physical activity.

• #9 Dry Macular Degeneration (AMD) – Optometrists.org

  https://www.optometrists.org/general-practice-optometry/guide-to-eye-conditions/macular-degeneration-guide/dry-macular-degeneration-amd/

  Dry AMD is the most common form of AMD. […] Unfortunately, a cure for AMD is still unknown. However, there are specific treatments used for dry AMD that aim to slow down the progression of the disease. […] Currently the AREDS and AREDS2 formulas are the only effective treatments for intermediate-to-severe dry AMD. […] According to the results of AREDS2, lutein and zeaxanthin reduced dry AMD progression by 19 percent, and vision loss by 25 percent. […] Low vision devices, such as magnifiers, telescopes, hand held devices, and computer programs, are also commonly recommended by eye doctors for patients with AMD. […] For some people with advanced dry AMD in both eyes, surgery to implant a telescopic lens in one eye may be recommended. […] Making some lifestyle changes can reduce your risk of dry AMD, and/or its progression to the more severe wet form.

• #10 Age-Related Macular Degeneration – Fighting Blindness Canada (FBC)

  https://www.fightingblindness.ca/eyehealth/eye-diseases/age-related-macular-degeneration/

  Because dry AMD does not affect peripheral vision it typically does not cause total blindness. The reduction of central vision can make task such as reading difficult. Low vision rehabilitation specialists can suggest techniques and technology that can help maximize a persons remaining vision. […] Studies show that if you have intermediate or late-stage AMD, nutrition supplements may slow disease progression. One study showed that AREDS lowered the chance of dry-AMD progressing to wet AMD by 25%. […] AREDS and AREDS2 supplements do not restore vision that has already been lost. If you have intermediate AMD, AREDS may delay the onset of late AMD. If you have late AMD in only one eye, AREDS may slow AMD progression in your other eye. These supplements do not appear to help people with early AMD. […] There are currently no approved treatments in Canada for GA, but there are several potential treatments being tested in clinical trials. These include drugs and cell replacement therapy.

• #10 Age-Related Macular Degeneration – Fighting Blindness Canada (FBC)

  https://www.fightingblindness.ca/eyehealth/eye-diseases/age-related-macular-degeneration/

  The dry form of AMD is more common and usually less severe than wet AMD. It occurs when the macula region of the retina becomes thinner. AMD is a progressive disease, meaning that symptoms normally get worse over time. Dry AMD can be divided into three stages: early, intermediate and late. In approximately 10% of individuals, dry AMD can turn into wet AMD, which causes faster vision loss. It is important that you monitor any changes in your vision and talk to your eye doctor if you experience any changes or new symptoms. […] There are currently no treatments for dry AMD. However, if you have early-stage dry AMD, here are some things you can do that may help to reduce the risk of it progressing: Monitor any changes in your vision. If you notice any changes, report them to your eye doctor immediately. Eat a variety of foods, including fish and colourful vegetables. A healthy lifestyle with a balanced diet may help slow or prevent dry AMD from advancing into later stages. Get regular exercise. Many activities that protect your heart health may also protect your vision health. Speak with your doctor before starting any new exercise program. Quit smoking. Smoking increases your risk of developing AMD and of the disease progressing.

• #11 What’s the Difference Between Wet and Dry AMD?

  https://www.healthline.com/health/wet-vs-dry-macular-degeneration

  There are several effective treatments for AMD. The specific type of treatment a doctor may recommend will depend on the type of AMD you have. […] There is no cure for dry AMD and no treatments known to reverse its effects on your vision. […] However, the NEI found that a combination of AREDS2-approved vitamin and mineral supplements can help lower the risk of progression toward advanced AMD by around 25%. […] Recommended supplements include: vitamin C, vitamin E, beta carotene, copper (cupric oxide), lutein. […] Also, eating nutrient-rich foods, like leafy green vegetables and fish, has been shown to help some people with dry AMD. […] Wet AMD treatments can help stop further vision loss and reduce the number of irregular blood vessels in your eyes. […] Currently, there are two treatment options for wet AMD: Anti-VEGF treatments and Photodynamic therapy (PDT). […] Anti-VEGF medications can stop the protein that causes blood vessels to grow and leak in the eye. […] PDT uses lasers alongside a special light-sensitive medication called verteporfin.

• #12 Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) — About Stem Cells

  https://www.aboutstemcells.org/info/macular-degeneration

  There is currently no good treatment for the dry form of AMD. Patients are encouraged to support general eye health through a diet rich in leafy green vegetables, nuts, and fish and, as the condition advances, to supplement their diet with key vitamins and minerals. […] Scientists are exploring ways to use stem cells to replace the cells lost in AMD. In both wet and dry AMD, the RPE layer that supports the function of rod and cone photoreceptors is damaged. […] Researchers are taking several approaches to make RPE cells for transplantation. […] Some researchers are using induced pluripotent stem cells to grow RPE cells. […] Researchers are exploring different methods to deliver the replacement RPE cells to the eye, including creating patches of RPE cells in the lab. […] There are now several early-phase clinical trials planned or underway to test different approaches to generate and deliver lab-made RPE cells to the retina to treat AMD. […] Despite progress and encouraging clinical trial results, cell-based treatments for eye conditions are still experimental.

• #13 What is the Latest Treatment for Dry Macular? | Eye Center of Texas

  https://www.eyecenteroftexas.com/2023/12/what-is-latest-treatment-for-dry-macular/

  For far too long, individuals diagnosed with dry macular degeneration were faced with a daunting reality there were essentially no cures and most treatment options were experimental. […] However, the landscape of this condition has dramatically changed as of late when the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) gave its approval for a new treatment specifically targeting dry macular degeneration. […] Pegcetacoplan, sold under the brand name Syfovre, is a new treatment approved by the FDA. Its a shot given inside the eye that might help slow down the worsening of geographic atrophy, a condition caused by advanced dry AMD. […] Unfortunately, there is currently no cure for dry macular degeneration. However, the latest treatment options have shown promising results in slowing down the progression of this condition and preserving vision for longer.

• #13 What is the Latest Treatment for Dry Macular? | Eye Center of Texas

  https://www.eyecenteroftexas.com/2023/12/what-is-latest-treatment-for-dry-macular/

  The safety and effectiveness of Syfovre were confirmed in two Phase III clinical trials. […] The investigations reveal that the effectiveness of Pegcetacoplan increases over time. It not only decelerates the disease but also helps prevent further retinal degeneration. […] At the end of 2023, the FDA approved yet another new treatment for macular degeneration known as IZERVAY, formerly Zimura. […] The active ingredient in IZERVAY is called Avacincaptad Pegol, which selectively blocks a protein called C5 that has been found to cause retinal cell damage in dry AMD. […] IZERVAY is administered as an intraocular injection, given once every three months. […] Izervays effectiveness was demonstrated in rigorous clinical trials involving over 700 patients. […] In addition to its primary benefits, Izervay has also been reported to be well tolerated by most patients.

• #13 What is the Latest Treatment for Dry Macular? | Eye Center of Texas

  https://www.eyecenteroftexas.com/2023/12/what-is-latest-treatment-for-dry-macular/

  In 2023, the FDA approved two new drug options for patients suffering from the symptoms of dry AMD: Pegcetacoplan (Syfovre) and Avacincaptad Pegol (IZERVAY). […] The introduction of these drugs into the market represents a significant step forward in the field of ophthalmology and the fight against AMD.

• #14 A New Era in Dry AMD Treatment | Duke Department Of Ophthalmology

  https://dukeeyecenter.duke.edu/news/new-era-dry-amd-treatment

  FDA Approves First Treatment for Geographic Atrophy […] The drug, pegcetacoplan, is the first ever FDA-approved treatment for GA, which affects about one million people in the United States and five million worldwide. […] Until now, there have been no approved therapies to offer people living with GA as their vision relentlessly declined, said Lad. With pegcetacoplan, we finally have a safe and effective GA treatment for this devastating disease, with increasing effects over time. […] Pegcetacoplan, an injectable treatment, is the first medication to use targeted C3 therapy to diffuse the harmful three-pronged complement cascade triggered by geographic atrophy, a physiological response that attacks and destroys healthy tissue. […] The approval of pegcetacoplan is based on positive results from the Phase 3 OAKS and DERBY studies at 24 months across a broad and representative population of patients.

• #14 A New Era in Dry AMD Treatment | Duke Department Of Ophthalmology

  https://dukeeyecenter.duke.edu/news/new-era-dry-amd-treatment

  In the OAKS and DERBY studies, pegcetacoplan reduced the rate of GA lesion growth compared to sham and demonstrated increasing treatment effects over time, with the greatest benefit (up to 36% reduction in lesion growth with monthly treatment in DERBY) occurring between months 18-24. […] Fortunately, the therapeutic pipeline for dry AMD is already becoming explosive, so I expect that we will have better and better treatments for GA and earlier stages of dry AMD in the next few years.

• #15 Macular Degeneration Breakthroughs: Emerging Treatments

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/macular-degeneration-emerging-treatments-5071096

  Breakthroughs in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) treatments have revolutionized the management of this progressive and potentially devastating eye disease. […] Currently, there is no cure for dry AMD, but two therapies appear effective in overcoming the mechanisms that give rise to the disease. […] Two new drugs, called Syfovre (pegcetacoplan) and Izervay (avacincaptad pegol), were approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2023 for the treatment of a late-stage form of dry AMD called geographic atrophy (GA). […] The drugs are known as complement inhibitors because they block a part of the immune system called the complement cascade that triggers the formation of these lesions. […] Stem cell therapy is under investigation for the treatment of dry AMD. […] The goal of treatment is to introduce stem cells into the retina to replace those that have been damaged by AMD. […] Despite promising early results, experts suggest that it may take 10 years or more to perfect the procedure.

• #16 Nonexudative (Dry) Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1223154-treatment

  Intravitreal complement inhibitors have been approved by the FDA for treatment of geographic atrophy (GA). Complement is thought to play a key role in retinal degeneration secondary to AMD. Pegcetacoplan intravitreal (Syfovre) and avacincaptad pegol intravitreal (Izervay) are complement inhibitors that inhibit cleavage of C5, preventing its cleavage to C5a and C5b and thus decreasing membrane attack complex (MAC) formation that results in cell death. […] Pegcetacoplan intravitreal’s approval for GA was supported by results from the phase 3 OAKS (n = 637) and DERBY (n = 621) studies. At 24 months, the treatment effects of pegcetacoplan were similar between the trials. Reductions in GA lesion growth from baseline were approximately 16-18% with every other month dosing and 19-22% with monthly dose of pegcetacoplan compared with placebo (P 0.003 or less).

• #16 Nonexudative (Dry) Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Care, Surgical Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1223154-treatment

  FDA approval of avacincaptad pegol for GA was based on the GATHER1 and GATHER2 studies. Results showed patients who received an intravitreal injection of avacincaptad pegol had a lower letter loss compared with a sham injection when assessed best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). […] No accepted surgical alternative to dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD or ARMD) is available. Gene therapy to increase complement inhibition is currently undergoing trials. […] It is possible that the drusen present in dry AMD can be ameliorated by the performance of a very light grid laser therapy. […] More recently, a few patients underwent retinal translocation surgery during which the retina is rotated. Many of these patients developed accelerated dry macular degeneration with retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) atrophy at the site of the new macula. […] In the near future, RPE cell repair via external transplantation of stem cells may provide a reasonable method of treatment for those patients with severe disease.

• #17 Syfovre: Dry Macular Degeneration Treatment in Venice FL

  https://veniceretina.net/syfovre-dry-macular-degeneration-treatment/

  Syfovre has been shown to reduce the growth of blind spots in advanced dry macular degeneration by approximately 20% over two years, with many patients able to retain their ability to read or drive as a result of the medication. With the approval of Syfovre, patients now have a promising new treatment option for managing the impact of dry AMD on their vision. […] Syfovre is delivered via injection into the eye every 1-2 months, offering a promising new treatment for dry age-related macular degeneration. […] In addition to Syfovre, other complement inhibitors are currently in various stages of development. […] Neuroprotectants are drugs that protect retina cells from damage and slow the progression of dry age-related macular degeneration. […] Inflammation is believed to be a key factor in the development and progression of dry age-related macular degeneration. To combat this, inflammation-reducing medications are designed to reduce inflammation in the retina and slow down the progression of the disease over time. […] The recent FDA approval of Syfovre and other new medications marks a significant milestone in the fight against dry age-related macular degeneration, bringing hope to millions of people at risk of vision loss, including those in Venice, Florida and nearby areas of North Port and Englewood.

• #18 Syfovre – Dry Macular Degeneration Treatment in Sarasota, Bradenton & Lakewood Ranch FL

  https://shaneretina.com/patient-services-education/syfovre-dry-macular-degeneration-treatment/

  Syfovre is delivered by injection into the eye every 1-2 months. […] Syfovre may delay blindness by slowing down the loss of retinal cells in advanced dry macular degeneration. […] Syfovre does not reverse the changes that have already occurred due to dry macular degeneration. Syfovre slows the rate of progression of geographic atrophy in advanced dry macular degeneration by about 20% over two years. […] Syfovre is not yet indicated for early or intermediate stages of dry macular degeneration. Syfovre is currently the only FDA-approved medication to treat geographic atrophy secondary to advanced dry macular degeneration. […] Syfovre and the arrival of a brand new class of medications FDA-approved for the treatment of dry age related macular degeneration heralds a new era in the prevention of blindness in America.

• #19 Age-Related Macular Degeneration Research Advances — Foundation Fighting Blindness

  https://www.fightingblindness.org/news/age-related-macular-degeneration-research-advances-821

  Astellas has received FDA approval for IZERVAY (avacincaptad pegol) for the treatment of geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to advanced dry age-related macular degeneration. […] Ocugen has initiated a Phase 1/2 clinical trial of OCU-410, a modifier gene therapy designed to slow progression of the growth of lesions associated with geographic atrophy (GA). […] Regenerative Patch Technologies, a company developing stem-cell-derived treatments for people with retinal diseases, has reported encouraging results for the first five patients with advanced, dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) participating in a Phase 1/2a clinical trial for its therapy a patch comprised of a layer of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells on a synthetic scaffold.

• #19 Age-Related Macular Degeneration Research Advances — Foundation Fighting Blindness

  https://www.fightingblindness.org/news/age-related-macular-degeneration-research-advances-821

  Luxa Biotechnology reported encouraging results for six patients with dry AMD receiving a low dose (50,000 cells) of RPESC-RPE-4W, its proprietary retinal pigment epithelial stem cell therapy, in a Phase 1/2a clinical trial. […] The Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) a landmark investigation conducted by the National Eye Institute (NEI) determined that antioxidant supplementation can slow the progression of AMD. […] A new analysis of data from the National Eye Institutes (NEI) Age-Related Eye Disease Studies (AREDS and AREDS2) has shown that the AREDS nutritional supplements slowed the progression of geographic atrophy (GA), the late-stage of dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD) which is also known as geographic atrophy (GA). […] The biopharmaceutical company Apellis received FDA approval to market SYFOVRE, a treatment for geographic atrophy (GA), the advanced from of dry age-related macular degeneration.

• #20

  https://www.scottpautlermd.com/izervay-for-dry-macular-degeneration/

  Izervay for dry macular degeneration is a new medication for the treatment of geographic atrophy caused by dry-type age related macular degeneration (AMD). Izervay is given by injection into the eye. […] Izervay is not a cure for dry AMD. Importantly, it does not reverse past damage by geographic atrophy. Izervay, when given by monthly injection, reduces the rate of worsening of geographic atrophy by 28% over 18 months of treatment as compared with sham injection. […] If you have dry age-related macular degeneration with geographic atrophy, Izervay appears to delay the loss of central vision over time. However, long-term monthly injections are required. And you must carefully consider the risks of treatment. Your doctor will help you make this important decision.

• #21

  https://umiamihealth.org/en/bascom-palmer-eye-institute/specialties/retina-and-vitreous-diseases/age-related-macular-degeneration

  There are two types of AMD: […] Dry AMD is the first stage of the disease. It starts slowly, eventually leading to loss of central vision. […] Dry AMD progresses slowly, but the use of vitamin supplementation and a diet rich in dark-green leafy vegetables can help slow down the vision loss if you catch the problem early. […] We have a new revolutionary treatment for dry atrophic age-related macular degeneration (AMD) that was approved by the Food and Drug Administration on February 17, 2023. This new drug, which has been in development for the past 18 years, is known as Syfovre. Syfovre slows the progression of geographic atrophy in AMD, which is the major cause of blindness from AMD. […] While Syfovre isn’t a cure, the drug will slow down the overall vision loss and allow patients to have useful vision for longer resulting in a better quality of life.

• #22 Macular Degeneration Treatment | BrightFocus Foundation

  https://www.brightfocus.org/macular/treatments/

  People with intermediate-stage dry AMD may benefit from taking a special mix of supplements to decrease their risk of losing central vision. In clinical trials, an over-the-counter combination of vitamins and minerals called the AREDS2 formula showed benefit in preventing the progression of intermediate dry AMD to late dry AMD. AREDS2 also may slow the development of wet AMD, the less common form of the disease. […] Two U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments for dry AMD are intended for people in a late stage of the disease who have been diagnosed with geographic atrophy. The first, Syfovre, was approved in February 2023, followed by Izervay in September 2023. Both are injections shown to reduce the rate of geographic atrophy lesion growth. […] In 2024, the Valeda Light Delivery System was approved for use in dry AMD. Valeda uses multiple wavelengths of light (red and near-infrared) to stimulate cellular processes within the retina, including mitochondrial activity, which can help reduce inflammation and promote healthy cell function.

• #23 New Therapy Brings Hope for Dry AMD Vision Loss

  https://www.webmd.com/eye-health/macular-degeneration/news/20250107/new-therapy-brings-hope-for-dry-amd-vision-loss

  A new light therapy device could be a game-changer for millions at risk of vision loss. The FDA has approved a first-of-its-kind treatment for dry age-related macular degeneration, a leading cause of blindness in adults over 55. […] The trial found that LumiTheras Valeda Light Delivery System significantly reduced the risk of vision loss and the start of geographic atrophy in dry AMD. More than 58% of the people studied reported improvements in their sight after the therapy. […] LumiTheras system is the first treatment authorized by the FDA for vision loss from dry AMD. […] During a presentation this year at a meeting of the American Society of Retina Specialists, Eleonora Lad, MD, PhD, vice chair of ophthalmology clinical research at Duke University Medical Center, said the treatment known as photobiomodulation (PBM) is the first to deliver meaningful effects in dry AMD.

• #23 New Therapy Brings Hope for Dry AMD Vision Loss

  https://www.webmd.com/eye-health/macular-degeneration/news/20250107/new-therapy-brings-hope-for-dry-amd-vision-loss

  This treatment will have a huge impact on the standard of care of patients with dry AMD because it will allow retina specialists and practitioners to intervene at earlier stages before photoreceptor loss is irreversible, before the late-stage disease, she said. […] PBM works by delivering specific wavelengths of light to the retina that help cells in retinal tissue, increasing energy production by mitochondria in eye cells, decreasing inflammation, and increasing nutrients and oxygen for cells. This improves cell survival in dry AMD and could slow the disease or stop it from reaching later stages. […] Research has shown that PBM prevents oxidative stress, which damages retinal pigment epithelial cells and could lead to AMD. […] He said more rigorous and larger trials are needed before PBM therapy should gain wider FDA approval.

• #24

  https://www.aao.org/eye-health/news/light-therapy-photobiomodulation-dry-amd-ga

  Imagine a special light that could protect vision in people with dry age-related macular degeneration (dry AMD) without eye injections. Thats what a new treatment aims to do. […] The new light therapy called photobiomodulation could be a big breakthrough. Its the first non-invasive treatment authorized by the FDA for use in treating dry AMD, which means no needles are needed. […] Photobiomodulation certainly holds promise, says ophthalmologist Nieraj Jain, M.D., a specialist in retinal diseases. „But we look forward to seeing more data. We dont know how these outcomes will hold up in the real world. […] Light therapy exposes cells in the retina to different wavelengths of light. This is thought to slow disease progression. […] The FDA authorized light therapy for dry AMD based on results from a small study of 100 people in the early stages of the disease, treating some with LumiTheras Valeda Light Delivery System in nine short sessions over 3 to 5 weeks.

• #25 Photobiomodulation: An Emerging Dry AMD Treatment – Ophthalmology Advisor

  https://www.ophthalmologyadvisor.com/features/photobiomodulation-age-related-macular-degeneration/

  Photobiomodulation (PBM) is an emerging therapy that has shown promising potential as a possible treatment for patients with nonexudative intermediate AMD. […] With a CE mark issued in 2018, the completion of a major clinical trial last year, and this years appeal to the US Food Drug Administration (FDA) by a manufacturer to market the technology as a noninvasive treatment option for dry AMD, PBM seems ready to shine. […] Photobiomodulation has been shown to decrease the activity of inflammatory markers such as vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). […] By these anti-inflammatory effects, PBM may downregulate the complement factor cascade, which plays a major role in the progression of AMD. […] While the TORPA II study showed a promising role for PBM in the treatment of dry AMD, the sample size was small, a randomized control group was not included, and the follow-up time only extended to 3 months.

• #25 Photobiomodulation: An Emerging Dry AMD Treatment – Ophthalmology Advisor

  https://www.ophthalmologyadvisor.com/features/photobiomodulation-age-related-macular-degeneration/

  The LIGHTSITE I trial was the first single-center randomized sham-controlled study to evaluate PBM efficacy in AMD. […] This was followed by the LIGHTSITE II study, which further explored the efficacy of PBM in 53 eyes of 44 patients with intermediate dry AMD and BCVA between 20/32 and 20/100. […] The 13-month preliminary results showed a significant improvement in BCVA (5.5 letters) in the PBM-treated group with 55% of patients having an average of 9.7 letter improvement compared to the control group. […] There were minimal safety risks and high patient compliance at the 24-month mark. […] In any event, these studies show a promising role for the use of PBM in patients with intermediate AMD and pave the way for more effective treatment modalities in the future for patients with AMD.

• #26 The First and Only Treatment for Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) to Improve Vision | Eye Care Center of Northern Colorado

  https://eyecaresite.com/2025/03/the-first-and-only-treatment-for-dry-age-related-macular-degeneration-amd-to-improve-vision/

  The Valeda Light Delivery System is intended to provide improved visual acuity in patients with best-corrected visual acuity of 20/32 through 20/70 and who have dry age related macular degeneration (AMD) characterized by: […] After about two years, the Valeda Light Delivery System treatment provides improved mean visual acuity of approximately one line of visual acuity (ETDRS) compared to those not receiving the treatment.

• #27 First-of-Its-Kind Gene Therapy Trials for Dry AMD – Advances for Medical Professionals | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/publications/professional-advances/ophthalmology/first-of-its-kind-gene-therapy-trials-for-dry-amd

  Dr. Tongalp Tezel, Director of the Vitreoretinal Service at Columbia and principal investigator of the trial here, states that any treatment that can slow or stop the progression of this disease would be immensely valuable to patients, many of whom continue to lead active lives well into their 80s or 90s. […] The investigational gene therapy (GT005) now being studied uses a genetically modified viral vector to deliver DNA that encodes for complement factor I (CFI), a protein that prevents the immune system from attacking cells in the retina. […] Gene therapies for other eye diseases exist, but the trial is the first to test the safety and effectiveness of a gene therapy for dry macular degeneration, explains Dr. Tezel. […] The early surgeries have gone well, notes Dr. Tezel. We are very optimistic and so pleased to be taking a leading role in this study. It is true precision medicine.

• #28 Gene Therapy for Age-Related Macular Degeneration — Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences

  https://www.ndcn.ox.ac.uk/research/clinical-ophthalmology-research-group/trials/amd-gene-therapy

  Dry AMD, which develops when the cells of the macula become damaged by a build-up of deposits called drusen, is the most common type of AMD, accounting for around 9 out of 10 cases. […] There are currently no effective treatments available for dry AMD, but we have developed a new technique of gene therapy which we believe may help to slow or even stop the degeneration. […] The new technique involves putting copies of a gene producing a proprietary protein developed by Gyroscope Therapeutics called GT005, which counteracts the inflammation caused by the complement system, into the cells of the retina to help them to function normally. […] AAV is notably effective at getting into retinal cells, and so a modified strain of this virus is used as the vector for our dry AMD gene therapy. […] In order to administer the AAV vector, the eye’s clear internal jelly must first be removed by a type of 'key-hole’ surgery known as a vitrectomy.

• #28 Gene Therapy for Age-Related Macular Degeneration — Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences

  https://www.ndcn.ox.ac.uk/research/clinical-ophthalmology-research-group/trials/amd-gene-therapy

  Following the positive interim results of this first-in-human Phase 1/2 clinical trial, a Phase 2 clinical trial will be conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the gene therapy in patients with dry AMD who have rare variants in their Complement Factor I (CFI) gene, associated with low levels of the CFI protein in their blood. […] A parallel Phase 2 clinical trial will evaluate the safety and efficacy of the gene therapy in a broader group of patients with dry AMD.

• #29 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/news/20241223/New-eye-drop-treatment-offers-hope-for-dry-AMD-patients.aspx

  The only FDA-approved treatments for dry AMD as of 2023 are two injectable drugs, which are limited by concerns over complications from intravitreal injections and modest efficacy in restoring vision. […] The research team led by Dr. Moon-Hyeong Seo from the Natural Product Drug Development Center at the Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST, President Oh Sang-Rok) has developed a new therapeutic agent for dry AMD that can be administered as eye drops. […] The researchers validated the therapeutic efficacy of the peptides by administering them as eye drops to mice with induced dry AMD. The treated group exhibited retinal cell protection and significantly reduced retinal degeneration, comparable to normal mice. This demonstrated that peptide-based eye drops could effectively replace existing injectable therapies for dry AMD.

• #30 Non-invasive eye drops provide new solution for dry AMD patients

  https://www.drugtargetreview.com/news/155120/non-invasive-eye-drops-provide-new-solution-for-dry-amd-patients/

  A new peptide-based eye drop treatment for dry AMD offers a non-invasive, effective alternative to injectable therapies, enhancing patient convenience and care. […] This innovative treatment, designed to be administered as eye drops, directly tackles the challenges associated with injection-based therapies, including patient discomfort, potential medical complications, and difficulties with long-term adherence. […] This marks a significant milestone, indicating that non-invasive eye drops can offer comparable benefits to existing injectable therapies for dry AMD. […] The non-invasive nature of the treatment also lowers costs, making it a more accessible and safer alternative for AMD patients.

• #31 Eye drops for macular degeneration: Over the counter and prescription

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/eye-drops-for-macular-degeneration

  Eye drops are not a standard treatment for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but some eye drop medications are in development that may become viable options in the future. […] Several eye drop medications are currently in development to treat AMD. […] A promising new treatment for dry AMD uses specific peptides to target toll-like receptors, which are part of the immune system. […] A 2024 study tested peptide-based eye drops in animals and laboratory samples and found they had a protective effect on the eyes, reducing degeneration. However, more research is necessary to determine if this approach will work in humans. […] Another potential option is atorvastatin eye drops. According to 2020 research, these drops are currently in development. Atorvastatin is a common treatment for cardiovascular diseases and may also help manage AMD.

• #31 Eye drops for macular degeneration: Over the counter and prescription

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/eye-drops-for-macular-degeneration

  TKIs are a class of drugs that include sunitinib (Sutent), pazopanib (Votrient), and axitinib (Inlyta). Doctors usually use these drugs to treat certain cancers, but some researchers are investigating whether the medication in eye drop form may help with wet AMD. […] However, more research is necessary to determine this treatments effectiveness in humans. […] Currently, no over-the-counter (OTC) drops can specifically treat AMD. No research has proven any OTC eye drops can help with the symptoms. […] There is no treatment for dry AMD in its early or late stages. However, in the intermediate stage, people could take a special supplement known as AREDS 2 to stop the condition from progressing. […] While some prescription eye drops are in development for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), they are not currently a standard treatment for the condition. With more research and clinical trials, they may become available in the future. […] No over-the-counter eye drops are proven to be effective for AMD, either. Currently, doctors cannot cure AMD, but a person can help manage it with medications and lifestyle changes.

• #32 New Treatments for Macular Degeneration on the Horizon | American Macular Degeneration Foundation

  https://www.macular.org/news/2023/05/31/new-treatments-for-macular-degeneration-on-the-horizon

  For geographic atrophy (GA), a gene therapy called GT-005 has so far been found safe and effective in clinical trials. […] Scientists at the National Eye Institute (NEI) have developed a potential tissue replacement treatment for GA. […] The first patient in a small clinical trial to determine the treatments safety has already received a patch of lab-grown, retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells, surgically inserted under the retina. […] There are promising reports coming from labs that are testing various aspects of a retinal prosthesis, under development by Pixium Vision, which is intended for patients with advanced dry AMD. […] Zimura (avacincaptad pegol), another eye-injection drug for the treatment of GA, has been given Breakthrough Therapy designation by the FDA. […] Risuteganib and Elamipretide are two investigational drugs for AMD that act by improving the function of mitochondria and are in phase 2 clinical trials.

• #32 New Treatments for Macular Degeneration on the Horizon | American Macular Degeneration Foundation

  https://www.macular.org/news/2023/05/31/new-treatments-for-macular-degeneration-on-the-horizon

  A new type of anti-VEGF drug axitinib injectable suspension, CLS-AX, has demonstrated the ability for patients to go 6 months and beyond between treatments in early clinical trials. […] Since dry AMD also involves the accumulation of the same toxic vitamin A byproducts, the drug LBS-008 is also in testing as a dry AMD treatment.

• #33

  https://www.xiahepublishing.com/2572-5505/JERP-2022-00066

  CNTF has been tried and tested as a treatment for dry AMD and GA. […] Brimonidine has neuroprotective action due to its alpha-adrenergic activity and has been shown to retard retinal degeneration and protect RPE and photoreceptors in rodent studies. […] Tandospirone (AL-8309B) is a serotonin receptor (5-HT1A) agonist and has been approved for the treatment of depressive illness. […] Glatiramer acetate has been used to treat multiple sclerosis due to its immunomodulatory action. […] The treatment of dry AMD is based on two disease-modifying agents: 1) Neuroprotectants for photoreceptors and RPE cells and antioxidant agents. 2) Anti-inflammatory agents, like corticosteroids and agents targeting complement activation. […] There is no approved drug for treating dry AMD or GA globally, and there remains an unmet need for developing drugs in this therapeutic area.

• #34

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/age-related-macular-degeneration-amd/treatment/

  There is no cure for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but there are treatments and support available to help slow down the changes in your vision and help you have the best quality of life. […] The type of treatment depends on the stage and the type of late-stage AMD you have: dry AMD or wet AMD. […] There’s currently no treatment for dry AMD, but support is available to help you live with AMD, including help with low vision and lifestyle changes. […] Research into possible new treatments for AMD is ongoing. Your specialist can let you know if there are any studies you could take part in.

• #35 Macular Degeneration Treatment | Eye Care | Henry Ford Health – Detroit, MI

  https://www.henryford.com/services/eye/treatments/macular-degeneration/treatment

  Macular degeneration treatments will not cure the disease but may help to maintain or to improve your current vision. […] Your Henry Ford ophthalmologist may recommend one or more of the following dry macular degeneration treatments to help improve vision: Special glasses or magnifying lenses to help you see better, especially for reading. […] Certain vitamins and minerals that may slow down the progress of macular degeneration.

• #36 Macular Degeneration Treatment & Low Vision – IALVS

  https://ialvs.com/ways-we-can-help/what-is-a-low-vision-exam/low-vision-eye-diseases/macular-degeneration/

  IALVS low vision doctors often recommend bioptic telescopic glasses to help macular degeneration patients with vision needs while driving. […] Our low-vision doctors can recommend customized, prescription optical systems for macular degeneration patients. These optical systems feature microscopic, telescopic, prismatic, and filter lenses to maximize images and objects.

• #37 Age Related Macular Degeneration – North Carolina Retina Associates

  https://www.ncretina.com/retinal-care/age-related-macular-degeneration-amd

  At this time, there is no cure or specific treatment for dry AMD; however, preventive measures can be taken to stave off the development of wet AMD. This includes: […] Patients with dry AMD should also monitor their vision daily so that they can detect any changes quickly. This can be done using an Amsler grid, which is a simple chart consisting of horizontal and vertical lines that form a grid pattern and a dot in the center.

• #38 Age-related Macular Degeneration: Causes and Treatment

  https://www.aarp.org/health/conditions-treatments/early-signs-of-macular-degeneration/

  There are two types of AMD: dry and wet. The overwhelming majority of people with the disease have dry AMD. With the dry form, parts of the macula at the center of the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of your eyes become thin, and tiny clumps of protein called drusen grow, gradually blurring your central vision. […] An essential part of any treatment plan no matter the stage or form of AMD is a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise and a diet that incorporates plenty of fish and leafy green vegetables. Research published in American Journal of Ophthalmology suggests exercise helps guard against AMD. […] Although there’s no cure for macular degeneration, there are things you can do to slow its progression. […] Research, including a recent review of studies published in the journal Ophthalmology, shows that taking high-dose vitamins and minerals specifically, vitamins C and E, zinc, lutein, zeaxanthin, beta-carotene and copper slows progression of the disease in people with intermediate AMD and those with late-stage dry AMD. […] In the absence of a cure for AMD, the pharmacologic industry is continuing to modify and expand the medications that are being used for dry and wet AMD, Andreoli says. […] The best plan is to consult your local ophthalmologist to see what might be best for you.

• #39 Transforming treatments for dry AMD | CERATransforming treatments for dry AMD | CERA

  https://www.cera.org.au/how-treatment-for-dry-amd-is-being-transformed/

  “Our hope is that optometrists will see people with the beginnings of dry AMD and refer them to an ophthalmologist for counselling around potential treatment options,” she says. […] While the prospect of slowing the progress of dry AMD is exciting, the Macular Research Unit’s ultimate aim is to find ways of treating the disease before vision is threatened. […] “Currents treatments are focused on the sight-threatening stage of dry AMD,” says Professor Guymer. […] “Whereas, our natural history studies are trying to better understand how you would start treating people before they have any vision loss.” […] The prospect that soon many more people will have better options to protect their vision is very exciting.

• #40 Age-related macular degeneration: Early detection and timely treatment may help preserve vision – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/age-related-macular-degeneration-early-detection-and-timely-treatment-may-help-preserve-vision-2020112421362

  If you have ARMD, understanding the signs and symptoms, proper monitoring, early detection of advancing disease, and timely treatment are all key to preserving vision. […] In people who do develop advanced ARMD, the availability of treatment options depends on whether they have the dry or wet form of the condition. There is no FDA-approved treatment for advanced dry ARMD. However, there are several therapies under investigation that may one day slow down or potentially reverse the changes that impact vision. […] Current therapies can control the disease and preserve vision for years or longer, so early detection is key.

• #41 Dry macular degeneration – Care at Mayo Clinic – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dry-macular-degeneration/care-at-mayo-clinic/mac-20350385

  Mayo Clinic retinal experts collaborate with other specialists to provide care for the whole person. The goal is to improve your quality of life by preserving as much eyesight as possible and preventing further deterioration of your vision. […] Highly skilled Mayo retinal specialists use advanced diagnostic tools to assess dry macular degeneration, including optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography. […] Mayo Clinic eye doctors trained in retinal diseases have extensive experience with dry macular degeneration. These eye specialists treat more than 2,000 people with this condition every year.

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