Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Treating Eye Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/eye-cancer/treating.html

  Most eye cancers are melanomas (also known as ocular melanomas or intraocular melanomas). If you have been diagnosed with an eye cancer, your cancer care team will discuss your treatment options with you. Its important to think carefully about your choices. You will want to weigh the benefits of each treatment option against the possible risks and side effects. […] Depending on the type and stage of the cancer and other factors, treatment options for eye cancer might include: Radiation Therapy for Eye Cancer, Surgery for Eye Cancer, Laser Therapy for Eye Cancer, Immunotherapy and Targeted Drugs for Eye Cancer, Chemotherapy for Eye Cancer. […] Sometimes, more than one of type of treatment is used. In choosing the best treatment plan for you, some important factors to consider include: The type of eye cancer (where the tumor is in the eye), The stage of the cancer, The chances of curing the disease, The possible effects of treatment on your vision, Other possible side effects of treatment, Your overall health and preferences.

• #1 Treating Eye Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/eye-cancer/treating.html

  The main goals for treating eye melanoma are to reduce the risk of the cancer spreading and to maintain the health and vision of the eye whenever possible. […] Clinical trials are carefully controlled research studies that are done to get a closer look at promising new treatments or procedures. Clinical trials are one way to get state-of-the-art cancer treatment. In some cases they may be the only way to get access to newer treatments. […] Complementary methods are treatments that are used along with your regular medical care. Alternative treatments are used instead of standard medical treatment. Although some of these methods might be helpful in relieving symptoms or helping you feel better, many have not been proven to work. Some might even be harmful. […] It is important to discuss all your treatment options, including their goals and possible side effects, with your doctors. Working together to help make the best decision for you is called shared decision-making.

• #1 Treating Eye Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/eye-cancer/treating.html

  People with cancer need support and information, no matter what stage of illness they may be in. Knowing all of your options and finding the resources you need will help you make informed decisions about your care. […] For some people, when treatments have been tried and are no longer controlling the cancer, it could be time to weigh the benefits and risks of continuing to try new treatments. Whether or not you continue treatment, there are still things you can do to help maintain or improve your quality of life.

• #2 Treatments for eye cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/eye/treatment

  If you have eye cancer, your healthcare team will create a treatment plan just for you. It will be based on your health and specific information about the cancer. When deciding which treatments to offer for eye cancer, your healthcare team will consider: […] The goal of treating eye cancer is to prevent it from spreading and to save your vision whenever possible. […] Surgery is one of the primary treatments used to treat eye cancer. The type of surgery you have depends on the size and location of the tumour, your age and the stage of the cancer. […] Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays or particles to destroy cancer cells. Most people with eye cancer will have radiation therapy. […] Chemotherapy may be used to treat eye cancer in certain situations. Chemotherapy is the use of anti-cancer (cytotoxic) drugs to treat cancer. It is usually a systemic therapy that circulates throughout the body and destroys cancer cells, including those that may have broken away from the primary tumour.

• #2 Treatments for eye cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/eye/treatment

  Active surveillance may be a treatment option for some people with eye cancer who are not experiencing symptoms. Active surveillance means the healthcare team watches the cancer closely. Treatment is given when the signs and symptoms of eye cancer appear or change. […] Targeted therapy is sometimes used to treat advanced eye cancer. Targeted therapy uses drugs to target specific molecules (such as proteins) on cancer cells or inside them. These molecules help send signals that tell cells to grow or divide. By targeting these molecules, the drugs stop the growth and spread of cancer cells while limiting harm to normal cells. […] Immunotherapy is rarely used to treat eye cancer. It is a type of treatment that uses the immune system to help destroy cancer cells. The immune system is a complex system of cells and organs that work together to defend our bodies against disease and infection.

• #2 Treatments for eye cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/eye/treatment

  Eye cancer behaves differently in each person, and a standard follow-up schedule would not work for everyone. People with eye cancer should talk to their doctor about a follow-up plan that suits their individual situation. Follow-up care is often shared among the cancer specialists and family doctor.

• #3 Eye melanoma – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/eye-melanoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20372376

  Not all eye melanomas need treatment. When treatment is needed, it can include radiation therapy, laser therapy, photodynamic therapy or surgery. Targeted therapy and immunotherapy may be used to treat eye melanoma in some situations. […] Which treatment is best for eye melanoma depends on several factors. These factors include the size and location of the cancer. Treatment also depends on whether cancer has spread beyond the eye. Your overall health and what you prefer to do is part of treatment planning too. […] Radiation therapy treats cancer with powerful energy. Radiation therapy is typically used for small to medium-sized eye melanomas. […] For eye melanoma, radiation therapy often involves placing a radioactive device on the eye. The device is called a plaque. It looks like a bottle cap. The plaque holds several radioactive seeds. A healthcare professional places the plaque on the eye, over the cancer. The plaque is held in place with temporary stitches. The plaque stays in place for a few days. Then it’s removed. Radiation treatment that involves putting the radiation inside the body is called brachytherapy.

• #3 Eye melanoma – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/eye-melanoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20372376

  Laser therapy uses a laser light to hurt the cancer cells. For eye melanoma, it might be used in some situations. One type of laser treatment, called thermotherapy, uses an infrared laser. It’s sometimes used along with radiation therapy to treat eye melanoma. […] Photodynamic therapy is a two-stage treatment that combines light energy with a medicine called a photosensitizer. The photosensitizer kills cancerous and precancerous cells when activated by light, usually from a laser. For eye melanoma, photodynamic therapy is used for smaller cancers. […] Surgery to treat eye melanoma may involve removing the melanoma or removing the entire eye. […] Targeted therapy for cancer is a treatment that uses medicines that attack specific chemicals in the cancer cells. By blocking these chemicals, targeted treatments can cause cancer cells to die. For eye melanoma, targeted therapy may be used when the cancer has spread to other parts of the body or in situations where surgery isn’t possible.

• #3 Eye melanoma – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/eye-melanoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20372376

  Immunotherapy for cancer is a treatment with medicine that helps the body’s immune system kill cancer cells. The immune system fights off diseases by attacking germs and other cells that shouldn’t be in the body. Cancer cells survive by hiding from the immune system. Immunotherapy helps the immune system cells find and kill the cancer cells. For eye melanoma, immunotherapy may be used when the cancer has spread to other parts of the body or in situations where surgery isn’t possible.

• #4 Radiation Therapy for Eye Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/eye-cancer/treating/radiation-therapy.html

  Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to kill cancer cells. It is the most common treatment for eye melanoma. […] Different types of radiation therapy can be used to treat eye cancers. […] Brachytherapy is the most common radiation treatment for eye melanoma. Studies have shown that it is as effective as removing the eye with surgery (enucleation). […] Brachytherapy cures about 9 out of 10 small to medium-size tumors. It can preserve vision in some people, depending on what part of the eye the melanoma is in. […] Proton beam radiation therapy uses a machine to focus a beam of radiation on a tumor. […] For eye melanomas, proton beam radiation therapy might be a better option than brachytherapy if the tumor cannot be completely covered with a plaque because of its size, shape, or location.

• #4 Radiation Therapy for Eye Cancer | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/eye-cancer/treating/radiation-therapy.html

  These treatments are not used as often as brachytherapy or proton beam therapy as the initial treatment for eye melanomas. […] Traditional external beam radiation therapy using wider beams of x-rays (photons) may be used in some situations. […] The main concern with radiation therapy is damage to parts of the eye. […] Sometimes, treatments might result in partial or complete loss of vision or other problems, which might not happen right away and may worsen with time. […] When the radiation is focused only on the affected eye, it is not likely to affect vision in the other eye or to cause other side effects sometimes linked with radiation therapy, such as hair loss or nausea.

• #5 Radiation therapy for eye cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/eye/treatment/radiation-therapy

  Radiation therapy uses high-energy rays or particles to destroy cancer cells. Most people with eye cancer will have radiation therapy. Radiation therapy can help save your vision. It is used more often than surgery to treat eye cancer. Your healthcare team will consider your personal needs to plan the type and amount of radiation, and when and how it is given. You may also receive other treatments. […] Radiation therapy is given for different reasons. You may have radiation therapy to: […] destroy the cancer cells in the eye […] shrink a tumour in the eye before other treatments such as surgery […] destroy cancer cells left behind after surgery or chemotherapy to reduce the risk that the cancer will come back (recur) (called adjuvant therapy) […] relieve pain or control the symptoms of advanced eye (called palliative therapy).

• #6 Eye cancer

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/eye-cancer/

  Around 850 cases of eye cancer (ocular cancer) are diagnosed in the UK each year. […] This topic focuses on melanoma of the eye, one of the most common types of eye cancer. […] If they suspect you have melanoma of the eye, they’ll refer you to a specialist centre for eye cancer. […] Treatment for melanoma of the eye depends on the size and location of the tumour. […] The main treatments for eye melanoma are: brachytherapy tiny plates lined with radioactive material called plaques are inserted near the tumour and left in place for up to a week to kill the cancerous cells, external radiotherapy a machine is used to carefully aim beams of radiation at the tumour to kill the cancerous cells, surgery to remove the tumour or part of the eye this may be possible if the tumour is small and you still have some vision in your eye, removal of the eye (enucleation) this may be necessary if the tumour is large or you have lost your vision; the eye will eventually be replaced with an artificial eye that matches your other eye, immunotherapy medicine to help your immune system kill cancer, which you may have if you have a certain type of eye melanoma, or if the cancer has spread to other parts of your body. […] Chemotherapy is rarely used for eye melanoma, but may be suitable for other types of eye cancer.

• #7 Eye Cancer Treatments | Northwestern Medicine

  https://www.nm.org/conditions-and-care-areas/cancer-care/head-and-neck-cancers/eye-cancer/treatments

  Depending on your specific condition, your treatment for eye cancer may include a single treatment or a combination of therapies such as: […] Plaque brachytherapy: This uses a small circular cap that emits low-dose gentle radiation specifically targeting the tumor. It is surgically placed and then removed after it has treated the tumor. […] Proton therapy: A type of radiation therapy that uses protons (positively charged atomic particles) for more precise treatment. It is especially good at treating tumors that wrap around the optic nerve or that are large and irregularly shaped. […] Laser therapy: This uses highly focused light beams to target cancer cells. Laser therapy may be used to treat some intraocular tumors, such as retinal hemangioblastomas or some cancers that have spread to the eye.

• #8 Ocular (Eye) Melanoma Treatment | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/melanoma/treatment/ocular-melanoma

  Clinical trials sponsored by the National Institutes of Health, in which MSK played a leadership role, have proven that the removal of the eye and brachytherapy are equally effective for survival in people with medium-size tumors. […] Depending on the size, location, and stage of the tumor, we may recommend that you have an operation to remove the eye. […] We often suggest this approach, called enucleation, if you have a relatively large eye melanoma. […] If the tumor is small, we may be able to treat it effectively with laser therapy. […] If melanoma spreads beyond the eye to other parts of the body, we may recommend a systemic treatment (treatment throughout the body), such as chemotherapy or other approaches. […] While theres no standard systemic treatment known to be effective in ocular melanoma thats metastasized (spread), we have several clinical trials under way to test immunotherapy approaches. […] After your treatment for eye melanoma, we usually like to see you twice a year for eye examinations. […] We also find its important to have periodic scans and blood tests to check for signs of disease in the rest of your body just to be extra careful.

• #9 Eye (Ocular) Cancer > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/eye-ocular-cancer

  Treatments include radiation, surgical excision, brachytherapy, and chemotherapy. […] Eye cancer is most treatable when it is discovered early, says Renelle Lim, MD, a Yale Medicine ophthalmologist and specialist in ocular oncology and plastic surgery. […] Tumors on the surface of the eye can be managed by topical chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiation, or surgical excision. The typical treatment for cancers inside the eye is radiation in the form of brachytherapy. […] Brachytherapy for the eye is delivered by a plaque made of gold, about the size of a quarter, with radioactive seeds on the surface. […] There is a 95 to 98% success rate in achieving local control of uveal melanoma when using brachytherapy, says Dr. Lim. […] If someone has a tumor on the surface of the eye, like squamous cell carcinoma, we just remove the tumor, and that patient will be free and clear of cancer, she says. […] I work with medical oncologists daily to help patients who are being treated with immunotherapy for other types of cancer.

• #10 Radiation Therapy for Intraocular Melanoma | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/intraocular-melanoma-in-adults/treatments/radiation-therapy-for-intraocular-melanoma

  Rarely, our doctors may recommend another type of radiation therapy, known as proton beam radiation therapy, for people who have tumors that are too large to be treated with plaque brachytherapy. […] In proton beam radiation therapy, a machine called a cyclotron directs radiation to a tumor from several different directions. […] Because radiation enters the front of the eye before it reaches the tumor, proton beam radiation therapy can cause eyelash loss; irritation of the membranes that cover the eye, called the conjunctiva and cornea; and dry eye.

• #11 Treating Eye Tumors (Melanoma) with Proton Therapy

  https://www.protoncenter.nm.org/en/cancers-tumors-treated/melanoma-eye

  Furthermore, most patients in these studies have retained useful vision in the treated eye. […] Protons can be controlled with greater precision than X-rays and conform to the shape of the tumor, meaning that more energy goes into destroying the cancer and less radiation is delivered to surrounding tissue. […] Proton therapy is considered safe, non-invasive and painless. […] Depending on the patient’s diagnosis, treatments for eye cancer are usually given every day for a total of five treatments.

• #11 Treating Eye Tumors (Melanoma) with Proton Therapy

  https://www.protoncenter.nm.org/en/cancers-tumors-treated/melanoma-eye

  Since the mid-70s, proton therapy has been used as an effective tumor treatment to save the natural eye, deliver powerful doses of radiation and minimize damage to healthy tissue. […] Proton therapy has been used to treat melanoma without removing the eye and with less damage to the cornea, lens, retina, fovea or optic nerve since the 1970s. […] Our team is dedicated to explaining all of your treatment options for eye cancer and facilitating a conversation with you and your physician or oncologist to determine the best course of treatment for you. […] Proton therapy is a viable option for patients who are seeking highly targeted eye tumor treatment in the Chicago area and cannot receive standard radiation or x-rays. […] Studies show that patients treated with protons have long-term survival rates equal to that of patients who have had an eye removed.

• #12 Radiotherapy for eye cancer | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/treatments-and-drugs/radiotherapy-for-eye-cancer

  Proton beam radiotherapy is only available in a few cancer hospitals in the UK. It is used to treat uveal and conjunctival melanoma. This is usually when the melanoma cannot be fully treated with brachytherapy because of its size or position. […] Stereotactic radiotherapy uses many small beams of radiation to target the tumour. It delivers high doses of radiotherapy to very precise areas of the eye. This reduces the risk of side effects. […] The side effects will depend on the type of radiotherapy and where the tumour is in the eye. […] Side effects may last up to a few weeks after treatment. Some side effects may not improve. Or they may develop months or years after treatment. These are called late or long-term side effects. […] Possible long-term or late side effects include: cataracts (cloudiness in the lens of your eye) because of damage to the lens of the eye, permanent changes to your eyesight because of damage to certain areas of the eye, pain in the eye.

• #13 Content – Health Encyclopedia – University of Rochester Medical Center

  https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=34&contentid=19195-1

  The treatment choices for eye cancer depend on the type of cancer, the size and location of the tumor, the results of lab tests, and the stage (extent) of the disease. Your healthcare provider also considers your age, preferences, and overall health when deciding on a treatment plan. Your healthcare provider will try to save your sight when thinking about different treatment choices. […] You may have questions and concerns about your treatment choices. […] Your healthcare provider may advise a specific treatment. Or they may offer more than one, and ask you to decide which one youd like to use. It can be hard to make this decision. Its important to take the time you need to make the best choice. […] Depending on your situation, you may have several choices for treating this cancer. […] This is a common approach. There are several types of surgery for eye cancer. Your healthcare provider may only need to remove the growth and a small area of tissue around it. But in some cases, they will need to remove your whole eye and maybe other surrounding tissues.

• #13 Content – Health Encyclopedia – University of Rochester Medical Center

  https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=34&contentid=19195-1

  Different types of radiation therapy are sometimes used for treating this cancer. Your healthcare provider may use a machine to direct beams of radiation into your eye. Or they may attach a small radioactive disk to your eye next to the tumor (ocular brachytherapy or episcleral plaque therapy). […] Your healthcare provider may use a special laser that destroys the tumor and blood vessels that feed the tumor. […] This is the most common type of laser treatment for eye cancer, such as melanoma. This treatment uses infrared light to heat and destroy cancer cells. […] This treatment uses cold to freeze and destroy cancer cells. […] You may not start treatment right away, but your healthcare provider will closely watch the tumor for growth. […] Researchers are always looking for new and better ways to treat eye cancer. These new methods are tested in clinical trials.

• #14 Eye cancer (ocular melanoma) – symptoms, staging, treatment | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/melanoma/eye-cancer

• #14 Eye cancer (ocular melanoma) – symptoms, staging, treatment | Macmillan Cancer Support

  https://www.macmillan.org.uk/cancer-information-and-support/melanoma/eye-cancer

• #15 New Eye Cancer treatments 2025 | Everyone.org

  https://everyone.org/explore/treatment/?id=108

  Eye cancer refers to various malignant growths that originate within the eye or surrounding tissues, with ocular melanoma being the most common form in adults. […] Treatment options vary widely and may include surgery, radiation therapy, laser therapy, chemotherapy, or targeted drug therapies. Patients are encouraged to discuss their specific diagnosis with an ophthalmologist or oncologist to determine the most appropriate treatment plan. […] In recent years, advancements in targeted therapies and immunotherapies have expanded treatment options for eye cancer patients. […] Understanding all available options helps patients make informed decisions tailored specifically to their individual health needs and cancer characteristics. […] Enucleation involves the surgical removal of the entire eye.

• #15 New Eye Cancer treatments 2025 | Everyone.org

  https://everyone.org/explore/treatment/?id=108

  Radiation therapy is another common treatment option for eye cancer, particularly for tumors that are difficult to remove surgically or when preservation of vision is desired. […] Laser therapy uses focused beams of light to destroy cancer cells. […] Systemic chemotherapy involves using drugs that circulate throughout the body to destroy cancer cells. […] Selumetinib is a targeted therapy drug currently approved for certain cancers but used off-label for metastatic uveal melanoma. […] Pembrolizumab is an immunotherapy medication that enhances the body’s immune response against cancer cells. […] Cryotherapy involves freezing cancer cells to destroy them. […] Gene therapy for eye cancer is an emerging experimental approach that involves modifying or manipulating genes within cancer cells to halt tumor growth or induce cell death.

• #16 Intraocular (Eye) Melanoma Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/eye/hp/intraocular-melanoma-treatment-pdq

  Surgical resection of metastases from ocular melanoma has been reported in case series of highly selected patients with occasional favorable outcomes. […] Systemic metastases are evident in only 2% to 3% of patients at the time of diagnosis of the primary ocular melanoma. […] The prognosis for any patient with recurring or relapsing disease is poor, regardless of cell type or stage. […] Transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) directs an infrared laser, usually at a wavelength of 810 nm, through a dilated pupil in one or more sessions to induce heat necrosis of uveal melanomas. […] Enucleation remains the standard therapy for large choroidal melanomas and melanomas that cause severe glaucoma or invade the optic nerve.

• #16 Intraocular (Eye) Melanoma Treatment (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/eye/hp/intraocular-melanoma-treatment-pdq

  Melanoma of the uveal tract (iris, ciliary body, and choroid) is rare, but it is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults. […] The management of small choroidal melanomas is controversial, and it is not clear whether treating small tumors prevents metastasis. […] The selection of treatment depends on the following: site of origin (choroid, ciliary body, or iris), size and location of the lesion, age of the patient, occurrence of extraocular invasion, recurrence, or metastasis. […] In the past, enucleation (eye removal) was the standard treatment for primary choroidal melanoma, and it is still used when large tumors are present. […] Patients with iris melanomas have relatively good outcomes, with 5-year survival rates exceeding 95%. […] The typical choroidal melanoma is a brown, elevated, dome-shaped subretinal mass.

• #17 Eye Cancer: Treatment Choices

  https://healthlibrary.sjchs.org/RelatedItems/34,19195-1

  The most common type of eyelid cancer is basal cell carcinoma. It is most often on the lower lid. […] The treatment most often used for cancer of the eyelid is surgery. The goal of surgery is to remove all the cancer. […] Side effects of treatments for eye cancer depend on the type of treatment used, the type of cancer, and the part of the eye that’s affected. […] Your healthcare provider will try to treat your cancer so that your eyesight, how you look, and your quality of life are affected as little as possible. Your eye will only be removed if it’s the only way to fully remove the cancer. […] If you need to have an eye removed, your healthcare provider will discuss the surgery and side effects with you. This surgery can affect how you look. But there are ways to reconstruct your eye. You may need to see a plastic surgeon. Your healthcare provider may also suggest an artificial prosthetic eye, so that your appearance will not change drastically. […] Treatments or growth of the cancer may cause changes in or loss of vision. Your healthcare provider will discuss the side effects and possible risks of your treatment with you before your treatment starts.

• #18 Treatment Options For Eye Cancer | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/eye-cancer/treatment/decisions

  A team of healthcare professionals discuss your treatment options. The most common treatments for eye cancers are: surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy. You may also have other treatments that your eye specialist will discuss with you. Your treatment for eye cancer depends on: the type of eye cancer you have and where it is in the eye, the size of your cancer and how far it has grown or spread (the stage), your general health and level of fitness. Your local hospital may refer you to a dedicated eye cancer unit. This is also called an ocular oncology unit. The units have a specialist multidisciplinary team for eye cancers. If the cancer is large or already stopping you from seeing out of the eye, you will probably have surgery to remove the eye. This operation is called an enucleation. Other treatments for the primary cancer include: radiotherapy, phototherapy, an operation to just remove the cancer (but not the eye). If the cancer grows, or if it is causing symptoms, you may have one of the following: removal of the melanoma, removal of the whole eye (an enucleation), radiotherapy, such as brachytherapy. If melanoma of the choroid or ciliary body is not getting bigger you may not need treatment straight away. If you do need treatment you might have one of the following: radiotherapy, including brachytherapy or external beam radiotherapy, transpupillary thermotherapy, photodynamic therapy, surgery to remove just the cancer, surgery to remove the whole eye (enucleation). If the cancer has come back in your eyeball (intraocular) you will most likely have surgery to remove your eye (enucleation). You may also have radiotherapy after surgery to kill off any cancer cells left behind. If your cancer has spread outside the eyeball, for example, to the optic nerve or the eye socket, it is called an extraocular melanoma. Unfortunately, you will probably need surgery to remove your eye and some of the surrounding tissue. You might also have radiotherapy. Your doctor may suggest external radiotherapy to your eye and brain. This can get rid of the cancer in the eye and also help stop it coming back in the brain or spinal cord. Most people with lymphoma of the eye will have chemotherapy. You usually have this through a drip into your vein. You may also have chemotherapy injected into the fluid around your spinal cord (intrathecal chemotherapy). You might have this with radiotherapy. Some people have chemotherapy put into their eye (intravitreal chemotherapy). This is more likely for lymphoma that has only come back in the eye. Treatment includes: surgery to remove the cancer, freezing therapy (cryotherapy), chemotherapy eye drops (topical chemotherapy). Treatment options depend on stage and size and may include the following: cryotherapy (freezing therapy), laser therapy, chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy. Your eye specialist will always explain why a specific treatment is best for your child. Your doctor might ask if you’d like to take part in a clinical trial. Doctors and researchers do trials to make existing treatments better and develop new treatments.

• #19 7 Innovative Eye Cancer Treatment Options | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/eye-cancer/eye-cancer-treatment.html

  Treatment of ocular cancers is highly specialized. At MD Anderson, we personalize your care to include the most-advanced therapies with the least impact on your body. Our goals are to provide successful treatment while preserving your eye and vision when possible and restore your appearance after treatment. […] At MD Anderson, your eye cancer treatment is customized to your particular needs. One or more of the following therapies may be recommended to treat the cancer or help relieve symptoms. […] Laser therapy uses an intense, focused beam of light to destroy eye cancer tissue. This is used sometimes for treatment of tumors inside the eyeball, including uveal melanoma and metastatic tumors. […] Radiation therapy uses powerful, focused beams of energy to kill cancer cells. There are several different radiation therapy techniques. Doctors can use these to accurately target a tumor while minimizing damage to healthy tissue.

• #19 7 Innovative Eye Cancer Treatment Options | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/eye-cancer/eye-cancer-treatment.html

  Patients may be offered the following types of radiation therapy: […] Chemotherapy drugs kill cancer cells, control their growth or relieve disease-related symptoms. Chemotherapy may involve a single drug or a combination of two or more drugs, depending on the type of cancer and how fast it is growing. […] Targeted therapy drugs are designed to stop or slow the growth or spread of cancer. This happens on a cellular level. […] Immunotherapy can be used to treat eye cancer that has spread, or metastasized, to other parts of the body. […] The following types of immunotherapy may be used to treat eye cancer: […] As a top ranked cancer center, MD Anderson conducts clinical trials for many types of eye cancer. Some of these trials cannot be found anywhere else. […] Cancers of the eye are treated in our Eye Clinic in the Head and Neck Center.

• #20 Eye Cancer: Treatment Choices | Saint Luke’s Health System

  https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/eye-cancer-treatment-choices

  Your healthcare provider may use a special laser that destroys the tumor and blood vessels that feed the tumor. […] This is the most common type of laser treatment for eye cancer, such as melanoma. This treatment uses infrared light to heat and destroy cancer cells. […] This treatment uses cold to freeze and destroy cancer cells. […] You may not start treatment right away, but your healthcare provider will closely watch the tumor for growth. […] Researchers are always looking for new and better ways to treat eye cancer. […] The most common tumors of the conjunctiva in adults are squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, and lymphoma. The main treatment for these tumors includes surgery. […] If the tumor is large, you may have cryotherapy. […] The treatment for choroidal melanomas can include thermal destruction (cryotherapy or photocoagulation), radiation, surgery to remove the tumor, or complete removal of your eye.

• #21 Cancer Society NZ — Treatment of eye melanoma

  https://www.cancer.org.nz/cancer/types-of-cancer/eye-melanoma/treatment-of-eye-melanoma/

  Other treatments may be used to prevent the cancer from returning. […] Transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT) Under local anaesthetic a laser beam is used to destroy the cancer cells by heating them. […] Cryotherapy The area is frozen to kill any cancer cells left following surgery. […] Chemotherapy eye drops Topical cytotoxic eye drops maybe be given for conjunctival melanoma to destroy the cancer cells. […] Photodynamic therapy (PDT) Most commonly used to treat cancers that have spread to the eye, or some non-cancerous eye conditions.

• #22 Treatment for Retinoblastoma | National Eye Institute

  https://www.nei.nih.gov/learn-about-eye-health/eye-conditions-and-diseases/retinoblastoma/treatment-retinoblastoma

  Retinoblastoma is a rare eye cancer that forms in the retina (the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye). […] The good news is that treatment can help prevent vision loss and stop the cancer from spreading. […] Treatments for retinoblastoma can have mild or serious side effects. […] Chemotherapy is the most common treatment for retinoblastoma. […] Doctors use these treatments to shrink the tumor. […] Doctors often give this type of chemotherapy when the child has tumor cells floating inside the eye. […] During cryotherapy, doctors place a very cold tool called a freezing pen (probe) on the surface of the eye. […] Doctors can use different lasers to heat and kill cancer cells directly or to destroy the blood vessels in the eye that are feeding the tumor. […] Radiation therapy uses x-rays to kill cancer cells. […] Doctors implant or inject a small disc-shaped device behind the eye near the tumor. […] In some cases, doctors may recommend surgery to get rid of the tumor by removing the eye completely.

• #23 Chemotherapy For Eye Cancer | Cancer research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/eye-cancer/treatment/chemotherapy-treatment

  The chemotherapy drugs that doctors use to treat eye lymphoma include: methotrexate, cytarabine (Ara-C), thiotepa, chlorambucil. […] If uveal melanoma has spread to other parts of the body from the eye you might have chemotherapy such as: dacarbazine, temozolomide. […] You might have a targeted or immunotherapy drug. For example, you may have rituximab with chemotherapy for your lymphoma. Or an immunotherapy drug called ipilimumab for uveal melanoma that has spread. […] If your uveal melanoma tested positive for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A*02:01, you may have a type of immunotherapy called tebentafusp. […] Doctors may treat some cancers on the surface of the eye (conjunctiva) with chemotherapy drops. This includes eye cancers such as melanoma and squamous cell cancer. This is called topical chemotherapy.

• #23 Chemotherapy For Eye Cancer | Cancer research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/eye-cancer/treatment/chemotherapy-treatment

  If you have eye lymphoma, you are likely to have chemotherapy. Treatment for eye lymphoma depends on the type and stage of lymphoma. You usually have this into your bloodstream. […] You might have treatment through a long line: a central line, a PICC line or a portacath. […] Some people may have high doses of chemotherapy followed by a stem cell transplant. […] Some people with lymphoma may have chemotherapy into the fluid around the spinal cord. This is called intrathecal chemotherapy. […] If you only have lymphoma in your eye, doctors may give the chemotherapy directly into the eye. […] Uveal melanoma can spread to the liver in some people. This spread is called liver secondaries or metastasis. […] Some treatments deliver chemotherapy directly into the liver. […] You usually have treatment into your bloodstream at the cancer day clinic. […] Chemotherapy for eye cancer can be difficult to cope with. […] Your treatment depends on several factors. These include what type of eye cancer you have, how big it is and whether it has spread (the stage). It also depends on your general health.

• #24 Chemotherapy Eye Drops For Malignant Conjunctival Tumors » New York Eye Cancer Center

  https://eyecancer.com/eye-cancer/innovation-briefs/chemotherapy-eye-drops-for-malignant-conjunctival-tumors/

  Current treatments for conjunctival cancer has included surgical removal, removal with subsequent cryo-(freezing)-therapy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy eye-drops. […] Because of high recurrence rates after standard treatments and the desire to avoid surgery, recent investigations have focused on topical chemotherapy “eye-drops.” […] In 1993, Dr. Finger was the first to use mitomycin chemotherapy eye-drops to treat conjunctival melanoma and primary acquired melanosis. […] It is currently used to reduce the tumor prior to surgical removal and with surgery for cases where there is too much normal tissue involved (too much for surgery and/or freezing (cryotherapy). […] In addition, Dr. Finger discovered that topical interferon chemotherapy (Intron A) eye drops can be used to treat superficial conjunctival melanoma.

• #25 Eye Cancer | MUSC Health | Charleston SC

  https://muschealth.org/medical-services/eye-care/eye-cancer

  Although eye cancer is rare, experts at MUSC Health Storm Eye Institute offer extensive experience. Our team is one of the few in South Carolina delivering specialized care that can save your life and preserve your vision. […] We offer a broad range of treatments, including surgical and nonsurgical options, to help preserve eyes and eyesight. The treatment thats best for you depends on the type of cancer and its location. […] We are the only program in the Carolinas with the expertise necessary to deliver intra-arterial chemotherapy. This innovative treatment uses cancer-fighting drugs (chemotherapy) to shrink tumors while limiting exposure to powerful and potentially toxic medications. […] We are the only program in South Carolina that treats tumors by injecting chemotherapy into the eye. During intravitreal chemotherapy, we inject cancer-fighting drugs into the fluid-filled center of the eye.

• #26 Eye Cancer – Los Angeles, CA | UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center

  https://www.uclahealth.org/cancer/cancer-services/eye-cancer

  Our ophthalmic oncologists provide advanced care for eye cancer, including new treatments through clinical trials. […] Our ophthalmic oncologists collaborate with multiple specialists, such as radiation oncologists and radiation physicists to offer comprehensive treatment plans. […] Our specialists offer comprehensive treatment for eye cancer, including new and innovative treatments through clinical trials. Often, treatment involves surgery to remove the eye tumor. […] Treatment plans may also include: […] Radiation therapy: Uses powerful X-rays to target and destroy cancer cells […] Laser therapy: Uses high-energy light beams to heat and destroy a tumor […] Chemotherapy: Drugs that attack fast-growing cells, including cancer cells […] Targeted therapy: Drugs that target specific parts of cancer cells to keep them from growing or spreading

• #27 New Drug Makes Unresectable or Metastatic Ocular Cancer Treatable – NFCR

  https://www.nfcr.org/blog/new-drug-makes-unresectable-or-metastatic-ocular-cancer-treatable/

  Ocular melanoma or uveal melanoma is the most common tumor of eyes in adults. Every year, hundreds of people are diagnosed with this disease. For decades, no effective therapy for the disease existed. Many ocular melanoma patients, thus, have to be treated with the drugs for the treatment of cutaneous melanoma. […] On January 26, 2022, the FDA approved tebentafusp-tebn, the first drug to treat metastatic uveal melanoma in adults, based on phase 3 clinical trial results that demonstrated survival benefit to the patients. […] The approval of this new drug is a milestone advance. For the first time in the history of this disease, it offers patients the only therapeutic option that brings hope to them and provides the opportunity to extend their lives. […] Tebentafusp-tebn is a novel form of immunotherapy that uses an engineered bispecific T-cell receptor (TCR) antibody to redirect the bodys T cells to fight cancer.

• #28 NHS England » NHS patient describes new eye cancer treatment as “best early Christmas present”

  https://www.england.nhs.uk/2024/12/nhs-patient-describes-new-eye-cancer-treatment-as-best-early-christmas-present/

  The first ever drug for an aggressive form of eye cancer is being fast-tracked to hundreds of patients by the NHS across England. […] Patients diagnosed with uveal melanoma can now be offered the first-of-its-kind treatment, tebentafusp, following todays approval by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). […] More than 100 patients each year are expected to be eligible for the pioneering drug, also known by its brand name Kimmtrak, which has been shown to boost chances of survival, with patients living an average of 5 months longer than those on standard treatments. […] Tebentafusp is given to eligible patients through weekly intravenous infusions in hospital and works by acting as a bridge between specific proteins on the melanoma cancer cells and T-cells from the bodys immune system, allowing them to kill cancer cells and slow the growth of the cancer. It is the first drug to use this type of pioneering technology.

• #28 NHS England » NHS patient describes new eye cancer treatment as “best early Christmas present”

  https://www.england.nhs.uk/2024/12/nhs-patient-describes-new-eye-cancer-treatment-as-best-early-christmas-present/

  Clinical trials show the chance of surviving 3 years after starting tebentafusb is 27% compared to the 18% figure for current standard treatments which are immunotherapies called checkpoint inhibitors. […] This type of melanoma is difficult to treat when it has spread in the body, so it is great news that the NHS can now offer this pioneering treatment, giving people an option that can extend their lives and offer them valuable extra time with their families and friends. […] Todays announcement that tebentafusp will be available for people with metastatic uveal melanoma is simply incredible. For the first time, eligible patients with this condition will have access to an effective treatment, which offers new hope in the fight against this rare cancer.

• #29 Intraocular (Uveal) Melanoma – Patients – The American Society of Retina Specialists

  https://www.asrs.org/patients/retinal-diseases/40/intraocular-uveal-melanoma

  Malignant intraocular (uveal) melanoma is the most common eye cancer in adults. The tumor affects the uveal tract, which is the middle layer of the wall of the eye. […] An ocular oncologist will typically make and discuss a diagnosis at the time of the completed examination. Unlike in other oncology specialties, a biopsy for diagnosis is rarely required. However, advances in genetic testing can only be utilized with the availability of a tumor tissue sample. These samples are taken after the clinical diagnosis of intraocular melanoma is made and are often gathered at the time of treatment. After diagnosis, treatment options that range from observation, laser, vitrectomy, radiation, or enucleation (removal) of the tumor-bearing eye are discussed. […] Observation: This treatment includes ongoing clinical evaluation of the tumor, typically to determine change. Often, patients are seen at 3 months, every 4 months, and ultimately every 6 months. Comprehensive testing is performed on each visit to assess any change in tumor size or characteristics.

• #30 New Insights Could Unlock Immunotherapy for Rare, Deadly Eye Cancer

  https://www.upmc.com/media/news/041624-deadly-eye-cancer

  Nowe badania z Uniwersytetu Pittsburgha wyjaśniają, dlaczego przerzutowa czerniak naczyniówki jest oporny na konwencjonalne immunoterapie i jak terapia adoptywna, która polega na hodowli komórek T pacjenta poza ciałem przed ich reinfuzją, może skutecznie leczyć ten rzadki i agresywny nowotwór. […] Terapia adoptywna pozwala nam uratować te komórki z supresyjnego mikrośrodowiska guza i skutecznie leczyć niektórych pacjentów. […] Kammula i jego zespół opracowali narzędzie kliniczne o nazwie Uveal Melanoma Immunogenic Score (UMIS), które jest holistycznym pomiarem guza, odzwierciedlającym aktywność ponad 2000 genów wyrażanych przez komórki nowotworowe, komórki odpornościowe i inne komórki tworzące mikrośrodowisko guza. […] Kiedy badacze przyjrzeli się pacjentom, którzy otrzymali terapię adoptywną w wcześniejszym badaniu, odkryli, że pacjenci z wyższymi wynikami UMIS mieli lepszą regresję guza, co sugeruje, że ten biomarker może przewidywać, którzy pacjenci prawdopodobnie zareagują. […] Jeśli poziom UMIS pacjenta jest poniżej tego progu, uważamy, że terapia adoptywna nie jest odpowiednia.

• #31 Eye Cancer | Wills Eye Hospital

  https://www.willseye.org/landing-page-usnews-eye-cancer/

  Retinoblastoma is the leading eye cancer in infants and children. Early diagnosis and treatment is important for preventing metastasis and death of the child and additionally preserving the eye and vision. Other cancers can later occur in these children including pinealoblastoma, osteosarcoma, and melanoma. This pediatric cancer can be inherited from an affected parent who has retinoblastoma so it is important to examine all newborns of parents with retinoblastoma. There are approximately 250-300 children in the USA affected with this cancer each year and the Oncology Service at Wills Eye Hospital examines and provides treatment to 125 of these children. So nearly 50% of all children with retinoblastoma in the USA are managed at Wills Eye.

• #32 Treatment for retinoblastoma | Childhood Eye Cancer Trust

  https://chect.org.uk/about-retinoblastoma/treatment/

  There are a number of different treatment options for retinoblastoma, depending on a child’s individual needs. Options include: […] Systemic chemotherapy […] Intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) […] Intravitreal chemotherapy (IVC) […] Enucleation (removal) of the eye […] Laser and cryotherapy […] Radiotherapy (including plaque & proton) […] If you have any queries or concerns about your child’s treatment, contact your Retinoblastoma Team at either Birmingham Women’s & Children’s Hospital or the Royal London Hospital.

• #33 logo–sylvester

  https://umiamihealth.org/en/sylvester-comprehensive-cancer-center/cancer-survivorship-and-supportive-care/your-survivorship-information/eye-cancer-survivorship

  Eye cancer can come back years after your diagnosis, so you can expect to see your care team regularly for checkups to keep you healthy. You’ll see your team every three to six months for the first five years, and then every six to 12 months after that. […] You may experience side effects after treatment right away, or they can develop years later, called late effects. We’re here to help you manage them. It’s comforting to know you’re working with an experienced team. […] Radiation including brachytherapy, proton beam radiation, or stereotactic radiosurgery can damage the eye and cause dry eye, blurry vision, cataracts, retinal detachment, glaucoma, loss of eyelashes, tear duct problems, or bleeding. We offer leading-edge treatment to manage these conditions. Your team will discuss all your options to help you decide what’s right for you.

• #34 Is Eye Cancer Curable? Factors for Reversing the Condition

  https://www.healthline.com/health/cancer/is-eye-cancer-curable

  Eye cancer is often curable if its contained to your eye. Its harder to treat if the cancer spreads to other tissues. […] About 95% of people with the most common ocular melanoma subtype can preserve their eye with treatment. […] The following factors influence the chances of curing eye cancer. […] Stage 1 ocular melanoma is the easiest stage to cure. In this stage, the cancer is small and contained to the eye. […] Stage 2 ocular melanoma may or may not grow into structures outside the eyeball. Its still potentially curable in most people. […] Stage 3 ocular melanoma has started to grow into surrounding tissues. Its also potentially curable in most people. […] Stage 4 ocular melanoma has spread to lymph nodes or distant tissue. Eye cancer that has spread to distant tissues isnt usually considered curable.

• #35 Treatments for Ocular Melanoma – Optometrists.org

  https://www.optometrists.org/general-practice-optometry/guide-to-eye-conditions/eye-conditions/treatments-for-ocular-melanoma/

  Ocular melanoma is a rare form of eye cancer, affecting over 5 in a million people each year. […] Ocular melanomas are diagnosed in up to 2,500 people every year in the US. […] When eye cancer metastasizes to other parts of the body, there is a 15 percent five-year survival rate. Fortunately, when caught early on, ocular melanoma can be treated. […] The overall 5-year survival rate for all eye-related melanoma is 82 percent. […] When melanoma does not spread outside the eye, the 5-year relative survival rate increases to about 85 percent. […] Unfortunately, the 5-year survival rate for those when the disease has spread to surrounding tissues or organs or the regional lymph nodes decreases to 71 percent. […] Early detection of any cancerous or tumors of the eye is essential to achieving the best results.

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