Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Hyperthyroidism – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hyperthyroidism/symptoms-causes/syc-20373659

  Hyperthyroidism happens when the thyroid gland makes too much thyroid hormone. This condition also is called overactive thyroid. Hyperthyroidism speeds up the body’s metabolism. That can cause many symptoms, such as weight loss, hand tremors, and rapid or irregular heartbeat. […] Hyperthyroidism sometimes looks like other health problems. That can make it hard to diagnose. It can cause many symptoms, including: Losing weight without trying. Fast heartbeat, a condition called tachycardia. Irregular heartbeat, also called arrhythmia. Pounding of the heart, sometimes called heart palpitations. Increased hunger. Nervousness, anxiety and irritability. Tremor, usually a small trembling in the hands and fingers. Sweating. Changes in menstrual cycles. Increased sensitivity to heat. Changes in bowel patterns, especially more-frequent bowel movements. Enlarged thyroid gland, sometimes called a goiter, which may appear as a swelling at the base of the neck. Tiredness. Muscle weakness. Sleep problems. Warm, moist skin. Thinning skin. Fine, brittle hair. […] Older adults are more likely to have symptoms that are hard to notice. These symptoms may include an irregular heartbeat, weight loss, depression, and feeling weak or tired during ordinary activities.

• #2

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/overactive-thyroid-hyperthyroidism/symptoms/

  An overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) can cause a wide range of symptoms, although it’s unlikely you’ll experience all of them. […] The symptoms may develop gradually or suddenly. For some people they’re mild, but for others they can be severe and significantly affect their life. […] Symptoms of an overactive thyroid can include: nervousness, anxiety and irritability, hyperactivity you may find it hard to stay still and have a lot of nervous energy, mood swings, difficulty sleeping, feeling tired all the time, sensitivity to heat, muscle weakness, diarrhoea, needing to pee more often than usual, persistent thirst, itchiness, loss of interest in sex. […] An overactive thyroid can also cause the following physical signs: a swelling in your neck caused by an enlarged thyroid gland (goitre), an irregular and/or unusually fast heart rate (palpitations), twitching or trembling, warm skin and excessive sweating, red palms of your hands, loose nails, a raised, itchy rash known as hives (urticaria), patchy hair loss or thinning, weight loss often despite an increased appetite, eye problems, such as redness, dryness or vision problems. […] See a GP if you have symptoms or signs of an overactive thyroid. It might be useful to make a list of all your symptoms and show it to a GP.

• #3 Hyperthyroidism (Overactive Thyroid): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14129-hyperthyroidism

  Hyperthyroidism, also called overactive thyroid, happens when your thyroid makes and releases high levels of thyroid hormone. It speeds up several bodily functions, causing symptoms like rapid heart rate, weight loss, increased appetite and anxiety. Hyperthyroidism is treatable typically with medications. […] Symptoms of hyperthyroidism include unexplained weight loss, shakiness, rapid heart rate, more frequent pooping and more. Symptoms of hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) can start suddenly or develop slowly over time. […] Hyperthyroidism can impact your entire body, so there are many symptoms. You may experience some of these symptoms and not others, or many of them at the same time. Symptoms of hyperthyroidism can include: Rapid heart rate (tachycardia) and/or heart palpitations. Increased blood pressure. Shakiness, like hand tremors. Feeling anxious, nervous and/or irritable. Weight loss despite a regular or increased appetite. Diarrhea or more frequent pooping. Increased sweating and sensitivity to warm temperatures. Hair loss or brittle hair. Difficulty sleeping (insomnia). Menstrual period changes, like lighter or missed periods. Swelling and enlargement of your neck (goiter). Swelling or bulging of your eyes (thyroid eye disease).

• #4 Overview: Overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) – InformedHealth.org – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279480/

  The thyroid gland is one of the endocrine (hormone) glands in the body. These glands make hormones to regulate many different functions in the body. An overactive thyroid produces too many hormones. This problem is also known as hyperthyroidism. The most common cause is Graves’ disease. […] If too many hormones are made, the bodys metabolism goes into overdrive. This can lead to noticeable symptoms such as weight loss, sweating, nervousness or a rapid heartbeat. An overactive thyroid also increases the risk of cardiovascular disease (problems affecting the heart and/or blood vessels). […] Hyperthyroidism often causes the thyroid gland, which is located at the front of the neck, to become noticeably larger. A swollen thyroid is called a goiter. The whole gland isnt always swollen. A lump (nodule) may be felt or seen instead. But some people have an overactive thyroid without a goiter or thyroid nodules and either of those can have other causes.

• #5 Hyperthyroidism: Symptoms, treatment, causes, and diet

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/9153

  Hyperthyroidism, or overactive thyroid, occurs when the thyroid gland produces too much of certain hormones. Hyperthyroidism can cause diarrhea, difficulty breathing, and fatigue. […] If symptoms arise, they can affect the whole body and many body functions. Excessive thyroid hormones cause an increase in metabolism, which accounts for most symptoms. […] These symptoms vary between individuals and can include: a goiter, a swelling in the neck due to an enlarged thyroid gland; nervousness, irritability, mood swings, and reduced concentration; diarrhea; difficulty breathing; fatigue and difficulty sleeping; muscle weakness; hyperactivity; oversensitivity to heat, excessive sweating, and warm, damp skin; increased appetite; increased bowel movements and urination; infertility and a loss of interest in sex; itchy skin with raised, itchy swellings, called hives or urticaria; nails becoming loose; menstrual problems, especially lighter periods or absence of periods; alopecia, or patchy hair loss; a faster heartbeat, sometimes with palpitations; redness on the palms of hands; sudden weight loss; trembling hands and shakiness.

• #6 Overactive thyroid | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/glands/overactive-thyroid/

  Overactive thyroid (also known as hyperthyroidism) is a relatively common hormonal condition that occurs when there is too much thyroid hormone in the body. […] Excess levels of thyroid hormones can then speed up the bodys metabolism, triggering a range of symptoms, such as: nervousness and anxiety, hyperactivity where a person cant stay still and is full of nervous energy, unexplained or unplanned weight loss, swelling of the thyroid gland, which causes a noticeable lump, known as a goitre, to form in the throat. […] The severity, frequency and range of symptoms can vary from person to person. […] An overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) has many signs and symptoms, although it is unlikely you would develop all of them. […] If you have hyperthyroidism, you may experience some of the following symptoms: hyperactivity, mood swings such as anxiety, irritability and nervousness, difficulty sleeping (insomnia), feeling tired all the time (fatigue), muscle weakness, needing to poo or pee more frequently, excess fats in your poo which can make them greasy and difficult to flush down the toilet (steatorrhoea), sensitivity to heat and excess sweating, unexplained or unexpected weight loss despite having an increased appetite, very infrequent or light periods, or periods stopping altogether, infertility, loss of interest in sex.

• #7 Overview: Overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) – InformedHealth.org – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279480/

  If there are too many thyroid hormones in your blood, various chemical reactions and functions in the body get out of balance. This can cause symptoms such as a pounding heart (palpitations) and rapid heartbeat, and sometimes an irregular heartbeat too, high blood pressure, weight loss despite an increased appetite, diarrhea, trembling, nervous restlessness, irritability, sleep problems, weakness and tiredness. […] People who have an overactive thyroid often sweat a lot and feel uncomfortable when they are warm. Their skin is often warm and moist to the touch, and they may have thinning hair. […] If it is caused by Graves disease, bulging eyes and vision problems can also occur. […] If people who have an overactive thyroid dont get proper treatment, they may develop cardiovascular diseases such as atrial fibrillation (an irregular heartbeat). Because their old bone tissue is broken down and new bone tissue is formed at a faster rate, osteoporosis may develop over the long term.

• #8 Overactive thyroid | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/glands/overactive-thyroid/

  If you have hyperthyroidism, you may have some of the following physical signs: a swelling in your neck caused by an enlarged thyroid gland (goitre), irregular and/or unusually fast heart rate (palpitations), trembling or shaking (tremor), warm, moist skin, redness on the palms of your hands, loosening of your nails in their nail beds, hives (urticaria), patchy hair loss (alopecia), twitching in your face and limbs. […] Several complications can occur with an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism), particularly if the condition is not treated. […] An undiagnosed or poorly controlled overactive thyroid can lead to a rare but serious reaction called a thyroid storm. It affects around 1 in 100 people with an overactive thyroid gland. […] A thyroid storm is a severe and sudden flare-up of symptoms caused by the metabolism going into overdrive, often due to triggers such as infection, pregnancy, not taking your medication as directed, damage to the thyroid gland, such as a punch to the throat.

• #9

• #10 Hyperthyroidism (Overactive Thyroid): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14129-hyperthyroidism

  These symptoms can start suddenly or develop slowly over time. Its important to see your healthcare provider if you develop hyperthyroidism symptoms. […] Hyperthyroidism is a treatable condition. Most people do well with treatment. While some forms of treatment require you to take medication for the rest of your life, this will help keep your thyroid hormone levels in a healthy range. […] Untreated hyperthyroidism caused by Graves disease may get worse over time and cause complications, like Graves eye disease (Graves ophthalmopathy). […] Complications from untreated or undertreated hyperthyroidism include: Atrial fibrillation (Afib). Congestive heart failure. Infertility. Ischemic stroke. Osteoporosis. […] A rare and life-threatening complication of hyperthyroidism is thyroid storm (thyroid crisis or thyrotoxic crisis). It happens when your thyroid makes and releases a large amount of thyroid hormone in a short amount of time. Its an emergency that requires immediate medical attention. […] If you already have a diagnosis, youll likely need to see your provider regularly to make sure your treatment is working.

• #11 Graves’ Disease: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15244-graves-disease

  If you’re experiencing these symptoms, see your healthcare provider. […] The onset of symptoms of Graves disease is usually gradual, often taking several weeks or months to develop. […] If Graves disease is properly treated, the prognosis (outlook) is generally good. […] Untreated or poorly managed Graves disease increases your risk for these complications: Heart problems: Untreated or undertreated Graves disease can cause arrhythmia (irregular heartbeat). […] Osteoporosis: Untreated or undertreated Graves disease can lead to osteoporosis (abnormal thinning and weakness of your bones), which can make you susceptible to repeated bone fractures. […] Thyroid storm (also called thyroid crisis and thyrotoxic crisis) happens when your thyroid gland releases a large amount of thyroid hormone in a short amount of time. It’s a rare complication of hyperthyroidism and Graves disease and can happen if you suddenly stop taking your antithyroid medication or experience trauma or an infection. Thyroid storm is a medical emergency and is life-threatening. Symptoms include high fever and a rapid heart rate.

• #12 Hyperthyroidism (Overactive Thyroid) – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/endocrine-diseases/hyperthyroidism

  Hyperthyroidism, also called overactive thyroid, is when the thyroid gland makes more thyroid hormones than your body needs. […] Symptoms of hyperthyroidism can vary from person to person and may include weight loss despite an increased appetite, rapid or irregular heartbeat, nervousness, irritability, trouble sleeping, fatigue, shaky hands, muscle weakness, sweating or trouble tolerating heat, frequent bowel movements, and an enlargement in the neck, called a goiter. […] In older adults, hyperthyroidism is sometimes mistaken for depression or dementia. Older adults may have different symptoms, such as loss of appetite or withdrawal from people, than younger adults with hyperthyroidism. You may want to ask your doctor about hyperthyroidism if you or your loved one shows these symptoms.

• #13 Overactive Thyroid – Hyperthyroidism Disease Symptoms and Causes PACE Hospitals – Best Hospitals in Hitech City, Hyderabad, India | Near Madhapur, Kukatpally, KPHB, Kondapur, Gachibowli, Jubilee Hills, Banjara HillsPACE Hospitals Contact

  https://www.pacehospital.com/overactive-thyroid-hyperthyroidism-disease

  Hyperthyroidism disease (overactive thyroid) is a condition when the thyroid gland (butterfly-shaped gland in the front of the neck) creates and releases more thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine or thyroxine (T4) into the blood stream than the body needs. […] Clinically, the hyperthyroid disease is characterised by high levels of thyroxine (T4) and low or non-existent amounts of TSH, indicating an overactive thyroid and subclinical hyperthyroidism is characterised by low serum TSH, with normal serum T4 and T3 concentrations. This can cause the body’s metabolism to speed up, leading to rapid weight loss, increased appetite, anxiety and irregular heartbeats. […] The onset of the hyperthyroidism sign and symptoms in both males and females could be gradual or abrupt. The symptoms of hyperthyroidism can be mild for some people, but severe and have a big impact on their lives for others. Some may be clear, while others are subtle and difficult to detect at the initial stage. The most frequently observed signs and symptoms in men and women are: […] Signs of Hyperthyroidism (Overactive Thyroid): Goitre (lump or swelling in the front of the neck, which is caused by a swollen thyroid), Rapid heartbeat, Twitching or trembling, Warm skin and hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating), Loose nails and red palms, Urticaria (raised, itchy rash that appears on the skin), Thinning of hair or hair loss, Decreased in body weight, Redness, dryness, or impaired vision in the eyes. […] Symptoms of Hyperthyroidism (Overactive Thyroid): Nervousness and irritability, Feely Itchy, Changes in mood, Difficulty in sleeping, Increased sensitivity to heat, Fatigue, muscle weakness, Increase in bowel movements, Frequent urination, Constantly feeling thirst, Low libido, Hyperactivity.

• #14 Hyperthyroidism | Graves’ Disease | Overactive Thyroid | MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/hyperthyroidism.html

  If hyperthyroidism isn’t treated, it can cause some serious health problems, including: An irregular heartbeat that can lead to blood clots, stroke, heart failure, and other heart problems, An eye disease called Graves’ ophthalmopathy. It can cause double vision, light sensitivity, and eye pain. In rare cases, it can lead to vision loss, Thinning bones and osteoporosis, Fertility problems in women, Complications in pregnancy, such as premature birth, low birth weight, high blood pressure in pregnancy, and miscarriage.

• #15

• #16 Graves’ disease – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/graves-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20356240

  Thyroid eye disease often appears at the same time as hyperthyroidism or several months later. But symptoms of thyroid eye disease can appear years before or after hyperthyroidism starts. It’s also possible to have thyroid eye disease without hyperthyroidism. […] Graves’ disease that isn’t treated can lead to irregular heart rhythms and changes in the heart and how it works. The heart might not be able to pump enough blood to the body. That condition is called heart failure. […] Hyperthyroidism that isn’t treated can lead to weak, brittle bones a condition called osteoporosis. The strength of the bones depends, in part, on the amount of calcium and other minerals they hold. Too much thyroid hormone makes it hard for the body to get calcium into the bones.

• #17 Overview: Overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) – InformedHealth.org – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279480/

  In rare cases, an overactive thyroid leads to a potentially life-threatening situation known as a thyrotoxic crisis or a thyroid storm. This can be triggered by iodine-containing medication or an x-ray contrast medium (a dye-like substance), for example. As well as the typical symptoms of an overactive thyroid, it can cause a high fever, vomiting, restlessness and anxiety, an irregular heartbeat, confusion and drowsiness, and sometimes even a coma or cardiovascular collapse (where not enough blood flows around the body). A thyroid storm is a medical emergency, requiring hospital treatment in an intensive care unit.

• #18 Overactive thyroid | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/glands/overactive-thyroid/

  Symptoms of a thyroid storm include: a very rapid heartbeat (over 140 beats a minute), fever (a temperature higher than 38C/100.4F), dehydration, with diarrhoea and vomiting, jaundice a yellow tinge to your skin and eyes, severe agitation and confusion, hallucinations seeing or hearing things that are not real, psychosis being unable to tell the difference between reality and your imagination, excessive sweating, chest pain, muscle weakness.

• #19 Hyperthyroidism: Symptoms, treatment, causes, and diet

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/9153

  Without treatment, hyperthyroidism can lead to severe complications. However, medication can normally control it by reducing thyroid hormone production. […] The severity of hyperthyroidism and its symptoms depend on how well the body is able to react to the changes resulting from the excess thyroid hormones and how closely a person follows their treatment plan.

• #20

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/overactive-thyroid-hyperthyroidism/

  An overactive thyroid can cause a wide range of symptoms, including: […] See a GP if you have symptoms of an overactive thyroid. […] If the blood test shows that you have an overactive thyroid, you may be referred for further tests to identify the cause. […] An overactive thyroid is usually treatable. […] An overactive thyroid can sometimes lead to further problems, particularly if it’s not treated or well controlled.

• #21 Hyperthyroidism | American Thyroid Association

  https://www.thyroid.org/hyperthyroidism/

  Hyperthyroidism due to thyroiditis is usually self-limited, meaning that it goes away on its own after a few weeks to months. In some cases, hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) can occur after the hyperthyroidism stage of thyroiditis. […] If your doctor suspects that you have hyperthyroidism, they may perform a physical exam to examine your thyroid for enlargement or nodules. Look for signs of too much thyroid hormone like fast heart rate, shakiness/tremor of the hands, warm and moist skin. […] Lab test results in hyperthyroidism usually show high T4 and/or T3 and low TSH. […] There is a milder form of hyperthyroidism called subclinical hyperthyroidism. In Subclinical hyperthyroidism, the TSH is low but the T4 and T3 are normal. Some people may have symptoms from subclinical hyperthyroidism, but many people will not have any symptoms at all.

• #22 Hyperthyroidism (Overactive Thyroid) | Norton Healthcare Louisville, Ky.

  https://nortonhealthcare.com/patient-resources/norton-now/hyperthyroidism/

  If you have symptoms of hyperthyroidism, discuss your concern with your primary care provider, who can determine whether testing is necessary. […] Determining whether you have hyperthyroidism typically will start with a physical exam that can reveal an enlarged thyroid or thyroid nodules. Your medical provider also will look for symptoms such as a fast heartbeat, shaky hands or skin that is warm and moist. […] Overactive thyroid gland treatment is aimed at bringing your hormone levels down to normal. Treating the disease will prevent long-term health issues and relieve uncomfortable symptoms. […] A common first line of treatment for hyperthyroidism is beta blockers, which help manage symptoms such as rapid heart rate, tremors and anxiety, but don’t treat the underlying condition. […] Common treatments to address the cause of hyperthyroidism include antithyroid drugs to reduce thyroid hormone production and radioactive iodine therapy to help destroy overactive thyroid cells.

• #23 Become a member

  https://www.btf-thyroid.org/hyperthyroidism-leaflet

  Hyperthyroidism leads to an increase in the bodys metabolism (energy production), often causing: […] Sometimes the symptoms are so subtle that they go unnoticed for a long time. In other cases they come on suddenly over a period of a few days or weeks and are severe. Many of the symptoms will start to clear up when your treatment takes effect, but some, including thyroid eye disease, may need separate treatment. […] After a single course of antithyroid drug treatment, your hyperthyroidism may be cured if the cause of the thyroid overactivity is Graves disease. Provided you are symptom-free and your thyroid blood tests are normal one year after treatment you will need no further check-ups, other than occasional thyroid blood tests. It is, however, important to see your GP and to ask for a blood test if you notice any symptoms of hyperthyroidism in the future. […] You may have got used to increased food intake without weight gain during the period of thyroid overactivity (increased metabolism). Once the thyroid function and metabolism is normalised by any of the forms of treatment, you may have to reduce your food intake to avoid undesirable weight gain.

• #24 Hyperthyroidism | American Thyroid Association

  https://www.thyroid.org/hyperthyroidism/

  Hyperthyroidism can be cured by surgical removal of the overactive thyroid gland or nodules. The entire thyroid is removed for Graves disease. Only half of the thyroid may be removed in certain toxic nodules. […] If your entire thyroid gland is removed, you will become hypothyroid since your body can no longer make thyroid hormone. Thyroid levels are restored to normal by treatment with a daily thyroid hormone replacement.

• #25 Hyperthyroidism: Diagnosis and Treatment | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2016/0301/p363.html

  Hypermetabolism induces weight loss despite an increased appetite. […] Patients with long-standing untreated hyperthyroidism may develop atrial fibrillation (10% to 15% of patients) or heart failure (5.8% of patients). […] Signs that are pathognomonic for Graves disease include orbitopathy, pretibial myxedema (thyroid dermopathy), and thyroid acropachy, which occur in 25%, 1.5%, and 0.3% of patients, respectively. […] Graves orbitopathy manifests as exophthalmos or periorbital edema, and it can trigger photophobia, excessive lacrimation, increased eye sensitivity to wind or smoke, or a sensation of a foreign body in the eyes. […] Most patients develop permanent hypothyroidism between two and six months after radioactive iodine ablation and require thyroid hormone supplementation.

• #26 Hyperthyroidism | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/hyperthyroidism

  Thyroid storm (or thyrotoxic crisis) is a serious complication of hyperthyroidism. It occurs when a child’s thyroid hormone levels become severely elevated. Although thyroid storm is rare, it can be life threatening. The most important symptoms of thyroid storm are a high temperature or changes in mental status (like confusion or lethargy). If you suspect your child may be experiencing thyroid storm, you should always seek immediate medical care. […] Hyperthyroidism caused by thyroiditis is usually temporary and goes away within eight to 12 weeks. Because we cannot make this hyperthyroidism go away any faster, treatment focuses on medications to control any symptoms (like palpitations and anxiety) until the condition goes away on its own. Sometimes, this type of hyperthyroidism is followed by a period of hypothyroidism (low thyroid function), so continued monitoring by a physician is important.

• #27 Thyroid – hyperthyroidism | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/thyroid-hyperthyroidism

  Hyperthyroidism means the thyroid gland is overactive. […] The symptoms of hyperthyroidism include: Accelerated heart rate or palpitations, Muscle weakness and trembling, Unexplained weight loss, Sensitivity to heat, Diarrhoea, Sleeping difficulties, Sweating, Irritability, Nervousness, agitation and anxiety, Changes in menstruation, including scantier flow and increased cycle length. […] A person who has had hyperthyroidism should have his or her thyroid hormone levels (TSH, T4 and T3) checked on a regular basis. This is because most people who are treated for hyperthyroidism eventually develop hypothyroidism. The treatment causes the thyroid to become underactive. […] The symptoms include lethargy, unexpected weight gain, constipation and sensitivity to the cold.

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