Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Geographic tongue – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/geographic-tongue/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354401

  Geographic tongue usually does not need any medical treatment. While geographic tongue sometimes can cause tongue pain, it’s a harmless condition. […] To manage pain or sensitivity, your doctor may recommend medicines such as: […] Because these treatments haven’t been studied in great detail, their benefit is not known. Since geographic tongue comes and goes on its own, you may not be able to tell if treatments are making symptoms go away. […] What treatments are available? […] Is there anything I can do at home to ease my pain?

• #2 Geographic Tongue: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21177-geographic-tongue

  Theres no treatment to eliminate geographic tongue, but healthcare providers may recommend medication, including: […] You cant get rid of geographic tongue. But there are things you can do to ease its symptoms, including: […] Geographic tongue is a noncancerous condition that creates patches of smooth, reddish skin on your tongue. Geographic tongue is benign, meaning it doesnt spread. Some people have geographic tongue without having noticeable symptoms. When they do, symptoms include patches on their tongue and burning and tingling sensations, especially when they eat spicy or acidic foods. If you spot changes in your tongue, talk to a healthcare provider so they can determine what caused the changes.

• #3 Geographic Tongue

  https://www.aaom.com/geographic-tongue

  Geographic tongue usually has no symptoms. In most cases, there is no need for treatment of this condition. […] Occasionally geographic tongue may cause a burning or smarting sensation of the tongue. In this situation, topical anesthetics can be used for surface numbing. Anti-inflammatory drugs (cortisonelike drugs) also may be prescribed to help control discomfort.

• #4 Geographic Tongue Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1078465-treatment

  As a rule, no medical intervention is required for geographic tongue (benign migratory glossitis), because the lesion is benign and most often asymptomatic. […] However, successful treatment of persistent geographic tongue with cyclosporine has been reported, and treatment with topical and systemic antihistamines has been described. […] Topical retinoids and topical corticosteroids are occasionally of benefit. […] Tacrolimus has been tried, either in an ointment or in an oral solution. […] One case report described use of an aspirin-ethanol mixture. […] In psoriatic patients, the lesions may resolve during systemic therapy for the psoriasis. […] Consultation with an oral pathologist is indicated if a question exists about the diagnosis of geographic tongue.

• #5 Geographic tongue – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/geographic-tongue/symptoms-causes/syc-20354396

  Because most people with geographic tongue don’t show symptoms, they won’t need treatment. […] In some cases, medicine may be prescribed to help ease symptoms.

• #6 Geographic tongue (Benign migratory glossitis): An Overview with Images — DermNet

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/geographic-tongue

  There is no cure for geographic tongue. Usually, no treatment is required apart from reassurance. […] Discomfort and burning sensations can be treated by avoiding eating hot, spicy and acidic food. Symptomatic treatments may include: Topical anaesthetic agents, Antihistamine and anaesthetic mouthwash, Topical steroid, Topical tacrolimus.

• #7 The Use of Phototherapy in Treatment of Geographic Tongue in Patients with Psoriasis | IntechOpen

  https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/66627

  Psoriasis is an autoimmune inflammatory skin disease associated with an oral condition called benign migratory glossitis (geographical tongue). […] The objective of this chapter is to update clinical knowledge on how to select light/laser sources and individual therapeutic regimens in benign migratory glossitis. […] Most cases are asymptomatic and do not require treatment. It is only necessary to assure the patient that it is a benign and self-limiting lesion. Symptomatic cases include symptoms such as burning and burning sensation that may compromise quality of life. However, there is no consensus in the literature regarding the best treatment. […] Treatment of GT is indicated only in symptomatic cases and often includes corticosteroids. However, there is no established treatment reported in literature. Multiple treatment modalities are resorted to, including antihistamines, anxiolytics, corticosteroids, topical anesthetics, nutritional supplements, and avoidance of spicy or acidic food.

• #8 Geographic Tongue: Symptoms, Causes, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/geographic-tongue

  Geographic tongue does not have a treatment or cure. Most lesions and symptoms will disappear in a few days or weeks. Still, some treatments may help reduce symptoms: […] Your doctor may prescribe a corticosteroid rinse to help reduce the inflammation. A mouth rinse with a mild anesthetic may also help reduce pain and irritation. […] If you experience greater irritation with certain foods, avoid them. Foods that commonly cause irritation or a burning sensation include hot or spicy foods, acidic foods, salty foods, and sweet foods. […] Geographic tongue cannot turn into cancer. […] A geographic tongue itself is not a serious condition, but has been associated with other conditions that can be serious, such as celiac disease. […] Most cases of geographic tongue will go away without treatment in a few days.

• #9 Geographic Tongue (Benign Migratory Glossitis, Lingua geographica, Oral Psoriasis) – Dermatology Advisor

  https://www.dermatologyadvisor.com/home/decision-support-in-medicine/dermatology/geographic-tongue-benign-migratory-glossitis-lingua-geographica-oral-psoriasis/

  For asymptomatic patients, reassurance that geographic tongue is not infectious or contagious, and is not associated with oral cancer, is often sufficient. […] For symptomatic patients, management can be challenging. The first interventions should be aimed at avoiding oral irritants, including oral care products (mouthwashes and toothpastes containing tartar control, whitening [bleaching] products, or baking soda) and certain foods (spicy, acidic, and cinnamon- or mint-flavored foods). […] Symptom modulation can sometimes be achieved with topical viscous lidocaine solution. Occasionally, medications used in an attempt to alter the disease process are successful. Such topical medications include mid- to high-potency corticosteroid gels or solutions, tretinoin gels or solutions, and antihistamine solutions. Oral medications are used much less frequently but include prednisone and cyclosporin.

• #10 Geographic tongue: Causes, pictures, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319342

  Left untreated, most cases of geographic tongue clear up on their own with no medical intervention. […] Treatments for geographic tongue include: anesthetic and antihistamine mouthwash, oral pain relievers, corticosteroid rinses or creams, vitamin B and zinc supplements. […] Treatments are not well-researched. People may not be able to tell if the treatment has an impact on the course of the condition, as geographic tongue tends to clear up without intervention anyway.

• #11 Mayo Clinic Health Library – Geographic tongue | Swiss Medical Network

  https://www.swissmedical.net/en/healtcare-library/con-20199567

  Geographic tongue usually does not need any medical treatment. While geographic tongue sometimes can cause tongue pain, it’s a harmless condition. […] To manage pain or sensitivity, your doctor may recommend medicines such as: Pain relievers available without a prescription. Mouth rinses that numb the area. Antihistamine mouth rinses. Antihistamines are used to reduce swelling. Corticosteroid ointments or rinses. Corticosteroids are used to manage conditions that cause swelling or affect the immune system, such as lichen planus. Vitamin B or zinc. Medications for fungal infections. […] Because these treatments haven’t been studied in great detail, their benefit is not known. Since geographic tongue comes and goes on its own, you may not be able to tell if treatments are making symptoms go away.

• #12 Geographic tongue | Health Library | Memorial Health System

  https://www.mhsystem.org/health-library/con-20199567/

  Geographic tongue usually does not need any medical treatment. While geographic tongue sometimes can cause tongue pain, its a harmless condition. […] To manage pain or sensitivity, your doctor may recommend medicines such as: Pain relievers available without a prescription. Mouth rinses that numb the area. Antihistamine mouth rinses. Antihistamines are used to reduce swelling. Corticosteroid ointments or rinses. Corticosteroids are used to manage conditions that cause swelling or affect the immune system, such as lichen planus. Vitamin B or zinc. Medications for fungal infections. […] Because these treatments havent been studied in great detail, their benefit is not known. Since geographic tongue comes and goes on its own, you may not be able to tell if treatments are making symptoms go away.

• #13 Geographic Tongue

  https://www.aaom.com/geographic-tongue

  Geographic tongue usually has no symptoms. In most cases, there is no need for treatment of this condition. […] Occasionally geographic tongue may cause a burning or smarting sensation of the tongue. In this situation, topical anesthetics can be used for surface numbing. Anti-inflammatory drugs (cortisonelike drugs) also may be prescribed to help control discomfort.

• #14 Geographic Tongue: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/oral-health/geographic-tongue

  Any pain or discomfort will probably get better on its own. But if you have severe, constant pain, medication can help. Your doctor or dentist may prescribe: […] It also helps to limit or avoid things such as:

• #15 Geographic Tongue – Causes, Treatment and Symptoms | Oral-B UK

  https://www.oralb.co.uk/en-gb/oral-health/conditions/other-oral-health-conditions/geographic-tongue-causes-treatment-symptoms

  Geographic tongue Treatment […] While there is no known cure for geographic tongue, doctors can prescribe medication to manage the soreness or discomfort when eating. […] The medicine your doctor prescribes for your geographic tongue symptoms may vary depending on other factors, but this could include: topical anesthetic agents, antihistamine and anesthetic mouthwash, topical steroids, topical tacrolimus. […] If you’re wondering how to treat geographic tongue, the answer is: speak with your doctor! As well as officially diagnosing the condition, they will be able to help you to find the best remedy for your geographic tongue symptoms that match up with your lifestyle. […] While you’re waiting for your appointment, you can also try to eliminate any triggers of geographic tongue from your daily habits. This might be avoiding spicy or acidic foods or choosing a high-quality toothpaste that has been designed for sensitive mouths.

• #16 Geographic Tongue | Smiles for Life Oral Health

  https://www.smilesforlifeoralhealth.org/topic/geographic-tongue/

  Geographic tongue, also known as Erythema Migrans or benign migratory glossitis, is of uncertain etiology. Areas of erythema with discrete white borders appear due to atrophy of the filiform papillae. Usually seen on the dorsal surface of the tongue, but other oral sites such as the buccal mucosa may be involved. Geographic tongue is associated with fissured tongue. […] Treatment: Normal variant, reassurance only. Typically no treatment is required. Topical steroid gels and antihistamine mouth rinses (e.g., diphenhydramine elixir) can reduce tongue sensitivity.

• #17 Geographic Tongue Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1078465-treatment

  As a rule, no medical intervention is required for geographic tongue (benign migratory glossitis), because the lesion is benign and most often asymptomatic. […] However, successful treatment of persistent geographic tongue with cyclosporine has been reported, and treatment with topical and systemic antihistamines has been described. […] Topical retinoids and topical corticosteroids are occasionally of benefit. […] Tacrolimus has been tried, either in an ointment or in an oral solution. […] One case report described use of an aspirin-ethanol mixture. […] In psoriatic patients, the lesions may resolve during systemic therapy for the psoriasis. […] Consultation with an oral pathologist is indicated if a question exists about the diagnosis of geographic tongue.

• #18 Treatment of Symptomatic Geographic Tongue with Triamcinolone Acetonide Alone and in Combination with Retinoic Acid: A Randomized Clinical Trial

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4983562/

  Geographic tongue or migratory glossitis is an inflammatory disorder with unknown etiology. Considering the accompanied burning pain, taste dysfunction, and lack of definite cure, it is important to treat this condition symptomatically. The objective of the current study was to compare the efficacy of a combination of 0.05% retinoic acid and 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide with that of triamcinolone acetonide alone for treatment of symptomatic geographic tongue. […] The combination of triamcinolone and retinoic acid was not more effective than triamcinolone alone for symptomatic treatment of geographic tongue. […] The combination of triamcinolone and retinoic acid was not shown more effective than triamcinolone alone in treating geographic tongue symptomatically.

• #19 Geographic tongue (Benign migratory glossitis): An Overview with Images — DermNet

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/geographic-tongue

  There is no cure for geographic tongue. Usually, no treatment is required apart from reassurance. […] Discomfort and burning sensations can be treated by avoiding eating hot, spicy and acidic food. Symptomatic treatments may include: Topical anaesthetic agents, Antihistamine and anaesthetic mouthwash, Topical steroid, Topical tacrolimus.

• #20 Geographic Tongue: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1078465-overview

  Geographic tongue is a benign condition that occurs in up to 3% of the general population. […] Generally, medical intervention is unnecessary, because the lesion is benign and most often asymptomatic. However, there are some reports of benefit achieved with cyclosporine, antihistamines, retinoids, corticosteroids, or tacrolimus. […] It has been suggested that the lingual microbiota may play a role in geographic tongue. […] Successful treatment with cyclosporin administration for persistent benign migratory glossitis. […] Treatment of geographic tongue with topical tacrolimus. […] Effectiveness of the Tacrolimus Swish-and-Spit Treatment Regimen in Patients With Geographic Tongue.

• #21 Treatment of Symptomatic Geographic Tongue with Triamcinolone Acetonide Alone and in Combination with Retinoic Acid: A Randomized Clinical Trial

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4983562/

  Geographic tongue or migratory glossitis is an inflammatory disorder with unknown etiology. Considering the accompanied burning pain, taste dysfunction, and lack of definite cure, it is important to treat this condition symptomatically. The objective of the current study was to compare the efficacy of a combination of 0.05% retinoic acid and 0.1% triamcinolone acetonide with that of triamcinolone acetonide alone for treatment of symptomatic geographic tongue. […] The combination of triamcinolone and retinoic acid was not more effective than triamcinolone alone for symptomatic treatment of geographic tongue. […] The combination of triamcinolone and retinoic acid was not shown more effective than triamcinolone alone in treating geographic tongue symptomatically.

• #22 Geographic Tongue: Symptoms, Causes, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/geographic-tongue

  Geographic tongue does not have a treatment or cure. Most lesions and symptoms will disappear in a few days or weeks. Still, some treatments may help reduce symptoms: […] Your doctor may prescribe a corticosteroid rinse to help reduce the inflammation. A mouth rinse with a mild anesthetic may also help reduce pain and irritation. […] If you experience greater irritation with certain foods, avoid them. Foods that commonly cause irritation or a burning sensation include hot or spicy foods, acidic foods, salty foods, and sweet foods. […] Geographic tongue cannot turn into cancer. […] A geographic tongue itself is not a serious condition, but has been associated with other conditions that can be serious, such as celiac disease. […] Most cases of geographic tongue will go away without treatment in a few days.

• #23 Geographic Tongue – What You Need to Know

  https://www.drugs.com/cg/geographic-tongue.html

  GT goes away by itself. […] You may not need any treatment. If your symptoms are painful, you may need any of the following: Anesthetic mouth rinses, Steroids that are applied directly on your tongue, Zinc supplements, Acetaminophen or NSAIDs to reduce pain.

• #24 Geographic tongue: Causes, pictures, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319342

  Left untreated, most cases of geographic tongue clear up on their own with no medical intervention. […] Treatments for geographic tongue include: anesthetic and antihistamine mouthwash, oral pain relievers, corticosteroid rinses or creams, vitamin B and zinc supplements. […] Treatments are not well-researched. People may not be able to tell if the treatment has an impact on the course of the condition, as geographic tongue tends to clear up without intervention anyway.

• #25 Geographic Tongue Causes 1 – Best Dental Clinic In Bangalore Indiranagar | Best Dentist in Bangalore Indiranagar

  https://www.dentalsolutionsclinic.com/geographic-tongue-causes/

  Patients with geographic tongue have reddish patches with by white borders on their tongues. […] Treatment for geographic tongue generally isnt required. […] If you feel discomfort or pain, you must avoid eating foods that can irritate your tongue, usually spicy food. To relieve the burning or stinging sensation, your doctor may recommend: Mouthwash with an antihistamine medication to relieve allergic reaction, Topical analgesics or pain relievers that can be applied directly to the tongue, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs NSAIDs. […] Geographic tongue is a harmless condition with no long-term health complications. […] To relieve the burning and stinging sensation, you must avoid consuming foods that can irritate your tongue, such as spicy food or hot food. […] A small subset of people has recurring pain and/or discomfort on their tongue. They manage it with pain killers and by avoiding foods that trigger the pain.

• #26 Geographic Tongue – OASIS DERMATOLOGY GROUP PLLC

  https://oasisderm.com/geographic-tongue-2/

  In cases where geographic tongue is associated with nutritional deficiencies, such as iron or vitamin B12, appropriate supplementation may improve symptoms. […] Psychological counseling or reassurance from healthcare providers may be beneficial, particularly for those experiencing anxiety or embarrassment about the condition. […] For those with persistent or bothersome symptoms, management strategies such as topical corticosteroids and avoidance of aggravating factors are typically effective in providing relief.

• #27 Geographic Tongue Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1078465-treatment

  As a rule, no medical intervention is required for geographic tongue (benign migratory glossitis), because the lesion is benign and most often asymptomatic. […] However, successful treatment of persistent geographic tongue with cyclosporine has been reported, and treatment with topical and systemic antihistamines has been described. […] Topical retinoids and topical corticosteroids are occasionally of benefit. […] Tacrolimus has been tried, either in an ointment or in an oral solution. […] One case report described use of an aspirin-ethanol mixture. […] In psoriatic patients, the lesions may resolve during systemic therapy for the psoriasis. […] Consultation with an oral pathologist is indicated if a question exists about the diagnosis of geographic tongue.

• #28 Geographic tongue | Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine

  https://www.ccjm.org/content/83/8/565

  These findings were suggestive of geographic tongue, a benign, self-limiting inflammation. The patient was reassured of the benign nature of the condition and was advised to avoid spicy food until resolution of the lesion. A follow-up examination 1 month later showed complete healing of the lesion. […] Reassurance is the main treatment. Topical corticosteroids and local anesthetics may provide symptomatic relief in mild forms of the disease. Topical tacrolimus and systemic cyclosporine have been reported as useful in severe cases.

• #29 Geographic Tongue Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1078465-treatment

  As a rule, no medical intervention is required for geographic tongue (benign migratory glossitis), because the lesion is benign and most often asymptomatic. […] However, successful treatment of persistent geographic tongue with cyclosporine has been reported, and treatment with topical and systemic antihistamines has been described. […] Topical retinoids and topical corticosteroids are occasionally of benefit. […] Tacrolimus has been tried, either in an ointment or in an oral solution. […] One case report described use of an aspirin-ethanol mixture. […] In psoriatic patients, the lesions may resolve during systemic therapy for the psoriasis. […] Consultation with an oral pathologist is indicated if a question exists about the diagnosis of geographic tongue.

• #30 Geographic Tongue Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1078465-treatment

  As a rule, no medical intervention is required for geographic tongue (benign migratory glossitis), because the lesion is benign and most often asymptomatic. […] However, successful treatment of persistent geographic tongue with cyclosporine has been reported, and treatment with topical and systemic antihistamines has been described. […] Topical retinoids and topical corticosteroids are occasionally of benefit. […] Tacrolimus has been tried, either in an ointment or in an oral solution. […] One case report described use of an aspirin-ethanol mixture. […] In psoriatic patients, the lesions may resolve during systemic therapy for the psoriasis. […] Consultation with an oral pathologist is indicated if a question exists about the diagnosis of geographic tongue.

• #31

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10009561/

  Geographic tongue and fissured tongue are both common oral mucous membrane diseases relatively. The treatment of this disease is typically causative therapy because of the unknown etiology, and other afflictions. Gastrointestinal disease is one of the factors that induce geographic tongue with a fissured tongue. As an adjuvant drug that can inhibit the growth of Helicobacter pylori, the most common pathogen of chronic gastritis, Lactobacillus is widely used in clinic. However, there are seldom studies about Lactobacillus used in the treatment of geographic tongue and fissured tongue. Therefore, this case we used typically causative therapy with Lactobacillus as adjuvant to treat patient with a geographic tongue and fissured tongue with gastrointestinal disease and explore the effectiveness for further application.

• #32 Lactobacillus treatment as adjuvant for geographic tongue and fissured tongue with gastritis: case report

  https://atm.amegroups.org/article/view/110696/html

  Geographic tongue and fissured tongue are both common oral mucous membrane diseases relatively. […] The treatment of this disease is typically causative therapy because of the unknown etiology, and other afflictions. […] As an adjuvant drug that can inhibit the growth of Helicobacter pylori, the most common pathogen of chronic gastritis, Lactobacillus is widely used in clinic. […] Therefore, this case we used typically causative therapy with Lactobacillus as adjuvant to treat patient with a geographic tongue and fissured tongue with gastrointestinal disease and explore the effectiveness for further application. […] This study used Lactobacillus as the adjuvant with typically causative therapy in the treatment of geographic tongue and fissured tongue. […] Lactobacillus can be used as an adjuvant to treat geographic tongue and fissured tongue accompanied with gastrointestinal disease. However, more cases are needed to confirm this conclusion. […] In this case report, Lactobacillus was used as an adjuvant in the treatment of geographic tongue and fissured tongue with gastritis. It was found that the course in this case was shorter than that in other patients on average, and the symptoms of gastritis were also relieved.

• #33 The Use of Phototherapy in Treatment of Geographic Tongue in Patients with Psoriasis | IntechOpen

  https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/66627

  Laser therapy has known biological effects, such as the modulating action of inflammation. […] This therapy is an effective, safe, and accessible treatment without incurring any systemic side effects, in contrast to biologic agents or other drugs. Moreover, phototherapy can be combined with biologic agents for the treatment of GT. […] Low-level light/laser therapy (LLLT) is widely used in dermatology, with effective results in the treatment of psoriasis. […] The control of the exacerbation of lesions of geographic tongue, using the low-intensity lasers, can be explained by its effects that increase the cellular metabolism, stimulating the mitochondrial activity and acting as analgesics, anti-inflammatory, and repairers of the tongue lesion. […] However, laser therapy consists of a therapeutic modality that is easy to perform by the skilled professional and easy to accept by the patient, being able to promote immediate analgesia without side effects, demonstrating a great clinical difference when compared to topical and/or systemic medications.

• #34 The Use of Phototherapy in Treatment of Geographic Tongue in Patients with Psoriasis | IntechOpen

  https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/66627

  Treatment of oral lesions is indicated only in symptomatic cases. Therefore, phototherapy will only be effective against geographic tongue if there is pain or burning sensation. […] LLLT has been also commonly used in a variety of conditions for acceleration of healing and relief of pain and inflammation. Its advantages of noninvasion, few side effects, and measurable benefits merit to be explored in the treatment of GT.

• #35 Geographic Tongue: Causes, Symptoms And Care | Colgate®

  https://www.colgate.com/en-us/oral-health/mouth-sores-and-infections/geographic-tongue-causes-symptoms-and-care

  This condition gives your tongue a distinct look that can cause concern when you first experience it. […] It may reassure you to know that geographic tongue typically does not require treatment as it is benign. […] Although geographic tongue can’t be prevented, there are steps you can take to decrease discomfort and lower anxiety. […] Top tips when caring for your geographic tongue: Avoid spicy, hot, or acidic food and beverages if they cause pain. […] If you do experience geographic tongue, remember that it’s benign, requires no treatment, and doesn’t lead to other health problems.

• #36 Geographic Tongue | What it is, Causes, Symptoms and Treatments – KIN

  https://www.kin.es/en/patologias/lengua-geografica/

  Geographic tongue usually does not require any treatment, as it is a benign and self-limiting condition; however, there is no specific cure and it is generally suggested to simply pay special attention to oral hygiene, with thorough cleaning of the teeth at the end of each meal and the use of a Mouthwash. […] All foods that may promote the onset of discomfort, such as salty snacks, citrus fruits, foods spiced with pepper or chili, or drinks and foods that are too hot or too cold, should be avoided. […] Tobacco and alcohol consumption should be avoided. […] Food supplements may be prescribed in case of vitamin, zinc or iron deficiency. […] In some cases, antibiotic mouthwashes, antiseptics, antihistamines and/or analgesics are suggested, but these therapies, as well as the use of corticosteroids, antifungals, immunosuppressants (cyclosporine) and vitamin A derivatives (retinoids), do not seem to offer satisfactory results, especially in terms of risk/benefit ratio. […] Psychotherapy may be useful in patients who are under particular stressful conditions.

• #37 Geographic Tongue (Benign Migratory Glossitis, Lingua geographica, Oral Psoriasis) – Dermatology Advisor

  https://www.dermatologyadvisor.com/home/decision-support-in-medicine/dermatology/geographic-tongue-benign-migratory-glossitis-lingua-geographica-oral-psoriasis/

  For asymptomatic patients, reassurance that geographic tongue is not infectious or contagious, and is not associated with oral cancer, is often sufficient. […] For symptomatic patients, management can be challenging. The first interventions should be aimed at avoiding oral irritants, including oral care products (mouthwashes and toothpastes containing tartar control, whitening [bleaching] products, or baking soda) and certain foods (spicy, acidic, and cinnamon- or mint-flavored foods). […] Symptom modulation can sometimes be achieved with topical viscous lidocaine solution. Occasionally, medications used in an attempt to alter the disease process are successful. Such topical medications include mid- to high-potency corticosteroid gels or solutions, tretinoin gels or solutions, and antihistamine solutions. Oral medications are used much less frequently but include prednisone and cyclosporin.

• #38 Geographic tongue: Causes and treatment | CURAPROX

  https://curaprox.co.nz/blog/post/what-can-you-do-to-avoid-or-get-rid-of-geographic-tongue?srsltid=AfmBOoo008mfakqP3F06AW18W0LbVLUvOm-2Zo3AoH_lUMKFKHSVyGzm

  Geographic tongue often goes away on its own without treatment. […] If you are not sure whether you are suffering from geographic tongue or another condition, it is best to consult a health care professional. […] Ideally, a dermatologist is the best person to see about geographic tongue. […] After being diagnosed with geographic tongue, there are various measures you can take to alleviate the symptoms and to get over them faster. […] Individuals suffering from geographic tongue often find that their symptoms worsen when using an aggressive toothpaste or mouthwash. […] To enable regular tooth brushing despite the painful variation in appearance of the tongue, we recommend using a particularly gentle toothpaste. […] Given that the symptoms can worsen with certain foods, such as acidic, very spicy or hot dishes, it is advisable to carefully monitor the occurrences of geographic tongue and to identify potential triggers.

• #39 Treatment Strategies for Geographic Tongue – Decisions in Dentistry

  https://decisionsindentistry.com/article/treatment-strategies-geographic-tongue/

  Communication and collaboration with other healthcare providers are needed to ensure patient-centered care. […] As oral health professionals, recommending stress management programs and initiating mental health referrals might be indicated for patients with GT. […] Multidisciplinary collaboration provides an opportunity to create positive health outcomes for individuals with GT.

• #40 Geographic Tongue: Functional Medicine Solutions

  https://internalhealingandwellnessmd.com/conditions-treated/functional-medicine-approach-to-geographic-tongue/

  Geographic tongue, also known as benign migratory glossitis, is a benign but often uncomfortable condition characterized by map-like, red patches on the surface of the tongue. […] Traditional treatments for geographic tongue typically focus on symptomatic relief through dietary modifications and topical treatments. […] At Internal Healing and Wellness MD, we aim to address the root causes of geographic tongue to provide lasting relief and improved health. […] Functional medicine addresses the root causes of geographic tongue, helping patients achieve better long-term outcomes and improved quality of life. […] Our mission is to be your dedicated partner in effectively managing geographic tongue and improving your overall quality of life. […] Together, we will develop a treatment plan tailored to your unique needs, targeting the specific factors contributing to your condition.

• #41 Geographic Tongue Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1078465-treatment

  As a rule, no medical intervention is required for geographic tongue (benign migratory glossitis), because the lesion is benign and most often asymptomatic. […] However, successful treatment of persistent geographic tongue with cyclosporine has been reported, and treatment with topical and systemic antihistamines has been described. […] Topical retinoids and topical corticosteroids are occasionally of benefit. […] Tacrolimus has been tried, either in an ointment or in an oral solution. […] One case report described use of an aspirin-ethanol mixture. […] In psoriatic patients, the lesions may resolve during systemic therapy for the psoriasis. […] Consultation with an oral pathologist is indicated if a question exists about the diagnosis of geographic tongue.

• #42 Geographic tongue: Causes and treatment | CURAPROX

  https://curaprox.co.nz/blog/post/what-can-you-do-to-avoid-or-get-rid-of-geographic-tongue?srsltid=AfmBOoo008mfakqP3F06AW18W0LbVLUvOm-2Zo3AoH_lUMKFKHSVyGzm

  Geographic tongue often goes away on its own without treatment. […] If you are not sure whether you are suffering from geographic tongue or another condition, it is best to consult a health care professional. […] Ideally, a dermatologist is the best person to see about geographic tongue. […] After being diagnosed with geographic tongue, there are various measures you can take to alleviate the symptoms and to get over them faster. […] Individuals suffering from geographic tongue often find that their symptoms worsen when using an aggressive toothpaste or mouthwash. […] To enable regular tooth brushing despite the painful variation in appearance of the tongue, we recommend using a particularly gentle toothpaste. […] Given that the symptoms can worsen with certain foods, such as acidic, very spicy or hot dishes, it is advisable to carefully monitor the occurrences of geographic tongue and to identify potential triggers.

• #43

  https://www.teethtalkgirl.com/dental-health/geographic-tongue/

  Geographic tongue is a condition where the dorsal (top) surface of the tongue develops these irregular-looking, map-like patterns of red patches. […] The cause of geographic tongue is not completely understood, but its thought to be related to our bodys inflammatory or immune response. […] If you are experiencing symptoms of geographic tongue, it’s important to visit a dentist as soon as possible. […] Geographic tongue tends to flare up and go away in phases. […] When you inherit a genetic condition from your parent, you usually have the advantage of knowing what has (or hasnt) worked well for other family members. […] Fortunately, most hormone-related oral symptoms are short-lived and resolve on their own in time. […] Fortunately, this one is easy! Its time to up your intake of these specific nutrients either through a vitamin supplement, or, even better, fresh, whole foods.

• #44 Geographic Tongue | What it is, Causes, Symptoms and Treatments – KIN

  https://www.kin.es/en/patologias/lengua-geografica/

  Geographic tongue usually does not require any treatment, as it is a benign and self-limiting condition; however, there is no specific cure and it is generally suggested to simply pay special attention to oral hygiene, with thorough cleaning of the teeth at the end of each meal and the use of a Mouthwash. […] All foods that may promote the onset of discomfort, such as salty snacks, citrus fruits, foods spiced with pepper or chili, or drinks and foods that are too hot or too cold, should be avoided. […] Tobacco and alcohol consumption should be avoided. […] Food supplements may be prescribed in case of vitamin, zinc or iron deficiency. […] In some cases, antibiotic mouthwashes, antiseptics, antihistamines and/or analgesics are suggested, but these therapies, as well as the use of corticosteroids, antifungals, immunosuppressants (cyclosporine) and vitamin A derivatives (retinoids), do not seem to offer satisfactory results, especially in terms of risk/benefit ratio. […] Psychotherapy may be useful in patients who are under particular stressful conditions.

• #45 Geographic tongue – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_tongue

  Geographic tongue (GT), also termed benign migratory glossitis, usually presents without symptoms, and due to a lack of reliable evidence researchers can not identify a specific treatment for the condition. It is currently suggested that patients are given reassurance that the condition is entirely benign and self-resolving. […] Although there is no established gold standard treatment confirmed by current evidence, patients with symptomatic GT can be advised on several treatment options prescribed by the clinician on a case-by-case basis. This includes possible prescriptions of antihistamines, anxiolytics, corticosteroids and topical anaesthetics. It is recommended that patients avoid spicy and acidic foods. Research has not shown high levels of evidence for the treatment of symptomatic GT and larger study sizes are needed to come to a reliable recommendation.

• #46

  https://journals.lww.com/aomr/fulltext/2022/34020/usage_of_antihistamines_and_topical.9.aspx

  Geographic tongue (GT) is a benign inflammatory condition of the tongue with map-like areas of erythema. In symptomatic cases, pharmacotherapy is advised to improve quality of life and reduce chances of recurrence. […] The study aimed to compare the usage of antihistamines and topical corticosteroids in the management of symptomatic geographic tongue. […] Antihistamines should be the first drug type of choice in treating symptomatic GT. Topical steroids could be considered an adjunct or standalone second drug type of choice. […] In this study, among the 88 patients, 52.3% of the cases were prescribed antihistamines and 47.7% were given topical corticosteroids. […] According to Mehta., antihistamines had been shown to treat symptomatic geographic tongue. […] Antihistamine mouth rinse and a bland diet are recommended for symptomatic relief in certain cases.

• #47

  https://journals.lww.com/aomr/fulltext/2022/34020/usage_of_antihistamines_and_topical.9.aspx

  However, the role of topical corticosteroids had been well established in literature with evidence-based clinical studies in treating oral lesions. […] This study also highlights the importance of conducting case-control or randomized clinical control studies to understand the efficacy of antihistamines compared to topical corticosteroids in treating symptomatic GT. […] The treatment should be administered in symptomatic cases to improve the quality of life and reduce the chances of recurrence.

• #48 Geographic tongue: Causes and treatment | CURAPROX

  https://curaprox.co.nz/blog/post/what-can-you-do-to-avoid-or-get-rid-of-geographic-tongue?srsltid=AfmBOoo008mfakqP3F06AW18W0LbVLUvOm-2Zo3AoH_lUMKFKHSVyGzm

  Many individuals believe in the efficacy of fasting as a way to accelerate the natural healing of the body when suffering from geographic tongue. […] Emotional stress and psychological suffering have a negative effect on geographic tongue. […] Various relaxation exercises, such as meditation and yoga, can help significantly. […] If your tongue is burning, you can relieve the discomfort and pain by consuming tannin-containing and anti-inflammatory infusions, e.g. sage tea. […] A lack of vitamin B12 can also lead to red patches on the tongue and burning and tingling sensations. […] As yet, no medication exists that targets and alleviates the symptoms of geographic tongue. […] Despite the limited options, there are a few medications that can be used to aid the healing process. […] When it comes to homoeopathic remedies, alternative health practitioners use various globules to treat geographic tongue. […] To help you get rid of your geographic tongue as quickly as possible, here are five key tips for you to consider: Avoid acidic and very spicy dishes. […] Use a gentle toothpaste.

• #49 Easy Ways to Treat Geographic Tongue: 9 Steps (with Pictures)

  https://www.wikihow.com/Treat-Geographic-Tongue

  If you’ve noticed raised pink patches on your tongue that burn or itch, then you may be experiencing geographic tongue. […] Fortunately, you can control the symptoms with some simple strategies to alleviate your pain. […] Try a salt water rinse to help ease your pain. […] Apply a topical analgesic to numb your tongue. […] Use an antihistamine mouthwash if your tongue is itchy. […] Take anti-inflammatory pain relievers to alleviate your discomfort. […] Increase your vitamin B intake if you have a deficiency. […] Visit your dentist if the condition doesn’t improve in 10 days. […] Avoid spicy or hot foods while you’re showing symptoms. […] Wait until your symptoms pass to drink alcohol or chew tobacco. […] Switch to a sensitive toothpaste to avoid irritating your tongue.

• #50 Geographic tongue – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/geographic-tongue/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354401

  Geographic tongue usually does not need any medical treatment. While geographic tongue sometimes can cause tongue pain, it’s a harmless condition. […] To manage pain or sensitivity, your doctor may recommend medicines such as: […] Because these treatments haven’t been studied in great detail, their benefit is not known. Since geographic tongue comes and goes on its own, you may not be able to tell if treatments are making symptoms go away. […] What treatments are available? […] Is there anything I can do at home to ease my pain?

• #51 Mayo Clinic Health Library – Geographic tongue | Swiss Medical Network

  https://www.swissmedical.net/en/healtcare-library/con-20199567

  Geographic tongue usually does not need any medical treatment. While geographic tongue sometimes can cause tongue pain, it’s a harmless condition. […] To manage pain or sensitivity, your doctor may recommend medicines such as: Pain relievers available without a prescription. Mouth rinses that numb the area. Antihistamine mouth rinses. Antihistamines are used to reduce swelling. Corticosteroid ointments or rinses. Corticosteroids are used to manage conditions that cause swelling or affect the immune system, such as lichen planus. Vitamin B or zinc. Medications for fungal infections. […] Because these treatments haven’t been studied in great detail, their benefit is not known. Since geographic tongue comes and goes on its own, you may not be able to tell if treatments are making symptoms go away.

• #52 Geographic tongue: Causes, pictures, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319342

  Left untreated, most cases of geographic tongue clear up on their own with no medical intervention. […] Treatments for geographic tongue include: anesthetic and antihistamine mouthwash, oral pain relievers, corticosteroid rinses or creams, vitamin B and zinc supplements. […] Treatments are not well-researched. People may not be able to tell if the treatment has an impact on the course of the condition, as geographic tongue tends to clear up without intervention anyway.

• #53 Geographic tongue

  https://www.mymlc.com/health-information/diseases-and-conditions/g/geographic-tongue/

  Geographic tongue typically doesn’t require any medical treatment. Although geographic tongue can sometimes cause tongue discomfort, it’s otherwise a harmless condition. […] To manage discomfort or sensitivity, your doctor may recommend medications such as: Over-the-counter pain relievers, Mouth rinses with an anesthetic, Antihistamine mouth rinses, Corticosteroid ointments or rinses, Vitamin B supplementation, in some cases. […] Because these treatments haven’t been studied rigorously, their benefit is uncertain. Since the condition resolves on its own and has an unpredictable course, you may not be able to tell if the symptomatic treatments are actually working. […] You may reduce discomfort associated with geographic tongue by avoiding or limiting substances that commonly aggravate sensitive oral tissues, such as spicy or acidic foods or beverages, as well as alcohol and tobacco.

• #54 Geographic Tongue (Benign Migratory Glossitis, Lingua geographica, Oral Psoriasis) – Dermatology Advisor

  https://www.dermatologyadvisor.com/home/decision-support-in-medicine/dermatology/geographic-tongue-benign-migratory-glossitis-lingua-geographica-oral-psoriasis/

  Because of the limited literature and the natural course of spontaneous remission, it is impossible to present an evidence-based therapeutic ladder for geographic tongue. Topical therapies mentioned above and oral antihistamines present low-risk treatment options. The risks associated with more aggressive oral therapies that are not curative need to be weighed against the need for chronic treatment until spontaneous remission occurs. […] Because of the benign nature of geographic tongue, no specific follow-up is required. If medications are prescribed for palliation or treatment, appropriate monitoring should be performed.

• #55 Geographic tongue – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_tongue

  Geographic tongue (GT), also termed benign migratory glossitis, usually presents without symptoms, and due to a lack of reliable evidence researchers can not identify a specific treatment for the condition. It is currently suggested that patients are given reassurance that the condition is entirely benign and self-resolving. […] Although there is no established gold standard treatment confirmed by current evidence, patients with symptomatic GT can be advised on several treatment options prescribed by the clinician on a case-by-case basis. This includes possible prescriptions of antihistamines, anxiolytics, corticosteroids and topical anaesthetics. It is recommended that patients avoid spicy and acidic foods. Research has not shown high levels of evidence for the treatment of symptomatic GT and larger study sizes are needed to come to a reliable recommendation.

• #56 Geographic Tongue – Causes, Treatment and Symptoms | Oral-B UK

  https://www.oralb.co.uk/en-gb/oral-health/conditions/other-oral-health-conditions/geographic-tongue-causes-treatment-symptoms

  Geographic tongue Treatment […] While there is no known cure for geographic tongue, doctors can prescribe medication to manage the soreness or discomfort when eating. […] The medicine your doctor prescribes for your geographic tongue symptoms may vary depending on other factors, but this could include: topical anesthetic agents, antihistamine and anesthetic mouthwash, topical steroids, topical tacrolimus. […] If you’re wondering how to treat geographic tongue, the answer is: speak with your doctor! As well as officially diagnosing the condition, they will be able to help you to find the best remedy for your geographic tongue symptoms that match up with your lifestyle. […] While you’re waiting for your appointment, you can also try to eliminate any triggers of geographic tongue from your daily habits. This might be avoiding spicy or acidic foods or choosing a high-quality toothpaste that has been designed for sensitive mouths.

• #57

  https://www.prevention.com/health/a40314928/geographic-tongue/

  Because the condition imparts no harm to your body, treatment isn’t needed unless you’re experiencing pain or burning, explains Gary Silverstrom D.D.S. […] If you’re dealing with the discomfort of geographic tongue, there, unfortunately, aren’t any permanent treatment options. Harris suggests reaching for over-the-counter pain medication to help with the symptoms. Your doctor may also suggest corticosteroid, an anesthetic mouth rinse, or a vitamin B supplement as well, he notes. […] Geographic tongue is a mild condition, but patients should still be aware of any changes in their tongues appearance or if they begin experiencing tongue-related pain, Donley says.

• #58 Easy Ways to Treat Geographic Tongue: 9 Steps (with Pictures)

  https://www.wikihow.com/Treat-Geographic-Tongue

  If you’ve noticed raised pink patches on your tongue that burn or itch, then you may be experiencing geographic tongue. […] Fortunately, you can control the symptoms with some simple strategies to alleviate your pain. […] Try a salt water rinse to help ease your pain. […] Apply a topical analgesic to numb your tongue. […] Use an antihistamine mouthwash if your tongue is itchy. […] Take anti-inflammatory pain relievers to alleviate your discomfort. […] Increase your vitamin B intake if you have a deficiency. […] Visit your dentist if the condition doesn’t improve in 10 days. […] Avoid spicy or hot foods while you’re showing symptoms. […] Wait until your symptoms pass to drink alcohol or chew tobacco. […] Switch to a sensitive toothpaste to avoid irritating your tongue.

• #59 Geographic Tongue Treatment & Management: Medical Care, Consultations

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1078465-treatment

  As a rule, no medical intervention is required for geographic tongue (benign migratory glossitis), because the lesion is benign and most often asymptomatic. […] However, successful treatment of persistent geographic tongue with cyclosporine has been reported, and treatment with topical and systemic antihistamines has been described. […] Topical retinoids and topical corticosteroids are occasionally of benefit. […] Tacrolimus has been tried, either in an ointment or in an oral solution. […] One case report described use of an aspirin-ethanol mixture. […] In psoriatic patients, the lesions may resolve during systemic therapy for the psoriasis. […] Consultation with an oral pathologist is indicated if a question exists about the diagnosis of geographic tongue.

• #60 Geographic tongue: Causes and treatment | CURAPROX

  https://curaprox.co.nz/blog/post/what-can-you-do-to-avoid-or-get-rid-of-geographic-tongue?srsltid=AfmBOoo008mfakqP3F06AW18W0LbVLUvOm-2Zo3AoH_lUMKFKHSVyGzm

  Geographic tongue often goes away on its own without treatment. […] If you are not sure whether you are suffering from geographic tongue or another condition, it is best to consult a health care professional. […] Ideally, a dermatologist is the best person to see about geographic tongue. […] After being diagnosed with geographic tongue, there are various measures you can take to alleviate the symptoms and to get over them faster. […] Individuals suffering from geographic tongue often find that their symptoms worsen when using an aggressive toothpaste or mouthwash. […] To enable regular tooth brushing despite the painful variation in appearance of the tongue, we recommend using a particularly gentle toothpaste. […] Given that the symptoms can worsen with certain foods, such as acidic, very spicy or hot dishes, it is advisable to carefully monitor the occurrences of geographic tongue and to identify potential triggers.

• #61 Geographic Tongue: Functional Medicine Solutions

  https://internalhealingandwellnessmd.com/conditions-treated/functional-medicine-approach-to-geographic-tongue/

  Geographic tongue, also known as benign migratory glossitis, is a benign but often uncomfortable condition characterized by map-like, red patches on the surface of the tongue. […] Traditional treatments for geographic tongue typically focus on symptomatic relief through dietary modifications and topical treatments. […] At Internal Healing and Wellness MD, we aim to address the root causes of geographic tongue to provide lasting relief and improved health. […] Functional medicine addresses the root causes of geographic tongue, helping patients achieve better long-term outcomes and improved quality of life. […] Our mission is to be your dedicated partner in effectively managing geographic tongue and improving your overall quality of life. […] Together, we will develop a treatment plan tailored to your unique needs, targeting the specific factors contributing to your condition.

• #62 Treatment Strategies for Geographic Tongue – Decisions in Dentistry

  https://decisionsindentistry.com/article/treatment-strategies-geographic-tongue/

  Dental professionals should be aware of the etiology and pathogenesis, treatment, and oral health considerations for this pathosis. […] Review treatment strategies to improve outcomes for patients with GT. […] In most cases, GT is asymptomatic, and, because it is a benign condition, it does not require treatment. For symptomatic cases, use of topical corticosteroids, antihistamines, cyclosporine and vitamin A may provide some relief. […] A study by Aung-Din et al evaluated the effectiveness of a tacrolimus swish-and-spit treatment two times a day to treat GT symptoms. […] The authors concluded the tacrolimus swish-and-spit solution is low cost, easy to use, and may be beneficial in treating symptoms associated with GT. […] For many cases of GT, an integrated approach to diagnosis and management is important.

• #63 Geographic Tongue: Symptoms, Causes, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/geographic-tongue

  Geographic tongue does not have a treatment or cure. Most lesions and symptoms will disappear in a few days or weeks. Still, some treatments may help reduce symptoms: […] Your doctor may prescribe a corticosteroid rinse to help reduce the inflammation. A mouth rinse with a mild anesthetic may also help reduce pain and irritation. […] If you experience greater irritation with certain foods, avoid them. Foods that commonly cause irritation or a burning sensation include hot or spicy foods, acidic foods, salty foods, and sweet foods. […] Geographic tongue cannot turn into cancer. […] A geographic tongue itself is not a serious condition, but has been associated with other conditions that can be serious, such as celiac disease. […] Most cases of geographic tongue will go away without treatment in a few days.

• #64 Geographic Tongue – European Association of Oral Medicine

  https://eaom.eu/education/eaom-handbook/geographic-tongue/

  Geographic tongue is a fairly common, usually painless inflammatory disorder that affects mainly the dorsum of the tongue. […] When asymptomatic, geographic tongue requires no treatment. Anxious and cancerophobic patients should be treated with reassurance and local measures. Several treatments have been suggested in symptomatic patients. Oral hygiene and mild mouthrinses should help in cleaning the mucosal surfaces and reducing the discomfort. Topical retinoids are the most successful but have transient effect. Topical anaesthetics, topical corticosteroids, antihystamines and antifungals may be used to alleviate burning symptoms. A very few patients with geographic tongue are zinc deficient; if low zinc levels are demonstrated, zinc supplementation should help. […] Geographic tongue is a benign condition that never turns into malignancy. There are also no reported consequences nor risks associated with this condition. The only complication is the discomfort due to the persistent clinical appearance and frequent reccurence after healing. The reported association between geographic tongue and allergic diseases could sometimes suggest the dental practitioner should obtain medical advice for the affected patient. […] As the cause is unknown, the condition is not preventable. However it is advisable to promote optimal oral hygiene and avoid contact with local factors that could precipitate symptoms, such as spicy and acidic foods, alcohol, irritants in toothpastes and mouthrinses.

Zobacz więcej