Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Stuttering – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/stuttering/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353577

  Stuttering is diagnosed by a healthcare professional trained to evaluate and treat children and adults who have a problem with speech and language. This professional is called a speech-language pathologist. The speech-language pathologist listens and talks with the adult or child in different types of situations. […] After an evaluation by a speech-language pathologist, you can work together to decide on the best treatment. Many different methods are available to treat children and adults who stutter. Because problems and needs vary, a method or combination of methods that’s helpful for one person may not work as well for another person. […] Treatment may not get rid of all stuttering, but it can teach skills that help you or your child: Improve speech fluency. Develop effective communication. Participate fully in school, work and social activities.

• #1 Stuttering: What It Is, Causes, Treatment & Types

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14162-stuttering

  Stuttering is a specific type of fluency disorder. These fall into the overall category of speech impediments. […] Speech therapy is the main form of treatment for all forms of stuttering. In children, this involves learning activities that help stuttering symptoms improve until they go away. Speech therapy activities and techniques depend on the stuttering type, symptoms and severity. Therapy frequency and session length can also play a role. […] Theres no cure for stuttering, but you can recover from it. Speech therapy and other treatments can help make recovery faster and easier.

• #1 Stuttering – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/stuttering/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353577

  A few examples of treatment methods include: Speech therapy. Speech therapy can teach you to slow down your speech and learn to notice when you stutter. […] Cognitive behavioral therapy. This type of mental health therapy, also called psychotherapy, can help you learn to identify and change ways of thinking that might make stuttering worse. […] Although some medicines have been tried for stuttering, and studies continue, no medicines have been proved yet to help the condition. […] If you’re an adult who stutters, you may want to search for a program designed to treat adult stuttering. […] Questions to ask may include: What treatments are available, and which do you recommend? […] Your healthcare professional or speech-language pathologist is likely to ask you questions such as: What effect has stuttering had on your life or your child’s life, such as at school or work or talking in social situations?

• #1 Stuttering therapy – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuttering_therapy

  Fluency shaping therapy focuses on changing all of the speech of the person who stutters. This type of therapy involves teaching the stutterer to use a speaking style that requires careful and prominent self-monitoring; examples of such therapy include one in which the stutterer slows his speech down or speaks in a controlled tone. This type of approach can reduce stuttering, although in children its effectiveness decreases if stuttering persists after eight years of age. […] Stuttering modification therapy, also known as traditional stuttering therapy, was developed by Charles Van Riper between 1936 and 1958. It focuses on reducing the severity of stuttering by changing only the portions of speech in which a person stutters, to make them smoother, shorter, less tense and hard, and less penalizing. This approach attempts to reduce the severity and fear of stuttering, and strives to teach stutterers to stutter with control, and not to make the stutterer fluent. Therapy using this approach tends to recognize the fear and avoidance of stuttering.

• #1 The Looooong List of 27 Incredible Stuttering Treatment Techniques — SLP Stephen

  https://slpstephen.com/blogs/news/the-complete-list-of-stuttering-treatment-techniques

  The Diaphragmatic Breathing Technique […] To get enough air for fluent speech, breathe with your diaphragm. […] The Gentle Onset Technique […] The gentle onset technique will help you gain control over how abruptly your vocal cords turn on, which will allow you to stutter less. […] The Light Articulatory Contacts Technique […] It reduces the force and pressure of those constrictions so your speech flows smoothly. […] The Continuous Phonation Technique […] It’s doing gentle onsets in running speech. […] Delayed/Frequency-Altered Auditory Feedback […] They pick up your voice as you talk and play it back to you either a few milliseconds delayed or in a slightly different pitch. […] The Attention Shift Technique […] This technique takes your focus off your stuttering so your brain can fall into that wonderful, spontaneous fluency flow people who stutter sometimes stumble upon.

• #1 Stuttering: A Brief Review | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/1998/0501/p2175.html

  Mild stuttering is a self-limited condition, but patients with more severe stuttering require speech therapy and counseling. Treatment should be tailored to the individual patient. To have a lasting effect, interventions should be aimed at the abnormal speech behavior, the emotional problems of the stutterer and negative parental attitudes. […] The physician needs to know when to refer a stutterer for speech therapy, which is the mainstay of treatment. In general, referral is indicated if a child is over four years old, has been stuttering for more than three months, shows consistent stuttering and demonstrates tension or struggle behavior when stuttering. Referral is also indicated if the child’s parents show great concern about the problem. […] Speech therapy is widely available. Most approaches attempt to decrease the rate of speech either under the direction of the speech therapist or with the use of a metronome. The speech therapist encourages very young children to speak at a slower rate while playing games with them. Older children are taught timed syllabic speech. They are encouraged to speak syllable by syllable, with each syllable stressed evenly, spoken in a regular rhythm and separated equidistantly from the next syllable.

• #1 Management of stuttering using cognitive behavior therapy and mindfulness meditation

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6929220/

  Stuttering is a speech fluency disorder with varied etiological explanations. It is important to identify symptoms early so that adequate and timely intervention can be delivered with focus on management and recovery. […] Cognitive behavior therapy and mindfulness equip the client with the skills to manage the problems that occur as a result of stuttering. […] Considering the high relapse rates of this condition, early detection and referral to a psychologist is highly recommended to decrease the frequency of stuttering, associated secondary behaviors, and/or psychiatric disorders. […] An effective management plan for stuttering would involve affective (negative feelings and emotions [namely, anxiety, depression, or shame]), behavioral (i.e., avoidance), and cognitive (namely, poor self-esteem and negative self-evaluation) aspects as the condition has its toll on all these areas.

• #1 23 Effective Stuttering Exercises For Adults

  https://theadultspeechtherapyworkbook.com/21-ways-to-treat-adult-stuttering/

  PWS often adopt several stuttering strategies. But be sure to introduce only one at a time. […] Teach your patients the anatomy and physiology of speaking before starting treatment. […] This improved body awareness can make their stuttering treatment more effective. […] Prolonged speech reduces speech rate and stuttering behaviors by prolonging each syllable. […] Self-imposed time outs or cancellations can lead to an over 50% reduction in stuttering. […] This therapy addresses the emotional struggles that a PWS goes through to avoid stuttering. […] Support groups and communities can offer PWS much-needed emotional and practical support. […] ACT is an evidence-based psychological treatment for stuttering. It uses mindfulness to increase self-acceptance and emotional regulation.

• #1 Management of stuttering using cognitive behavior therapy and mindfulness meditation

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6929220/

  After addressing the client’s unhelpful thoughts and avoided behaviors, the psychologist educates the client and the family about stuttering. […] The treatment progresses in this manner, and client’s efforts are appreciated through reinforcements. […] Mindfulness-based approaches aim to increase the possibility of choice through responding mindfully rather than reacting automatically and cultivate kindness and compassion toward self. […] Practicing mindfulness impacts the individual by helping to understand the paradox of change coming about through letting be rather than trying to fix. […] The four major approaches in mindfulness used in the management of stuttering are mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT).

• #1 Stuttering | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/stuttering

  Children and adults who stutter can benefit from speech therapy. […] The best evidence (from clinical trials) for treating children who stutter is the Lidcombe Program of Early Stuttering Intervention. This is a behaviour modification treatment. […] Treatment for stuttering is much more effective in the preschool years, but treatment for older children, adolescents and adults is effective as well. The best evidence available supports the use of a technique called prolonged speech or smooth speech, where the persons speech pattern is reconstructed.

• #1 Stuttering therapy – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuttering_therapy

  Other types of speech therapy for children acknowledge that since there is no cure for stuttering, elimination as a goal may cause negative impacts. As such, a speech therapist will work on educating parents and family members about how to listen to their child and how to advocate for them. The goal for this type of therapy is to ensure a child continues to speaks, whether they spontaneously stop stuttering or not. […] One option for an elimination model is Lidcombe Program, popular in Australia. Lidcombe therapy requires a parent or a significant person in the child’s life being trained in delivering feedback about stuttering in the child’s everyday environment. In the program, family members praise their child for fluent speech in the child’s daily speaking, and use negative correction of stuttering.

• #1

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/stammering/treatment/

  There are different treatments available for stammering, depending on a person’s age and their circumstances. […] A speech and language therapist (SLT) will work with you, your child, and educational staff to make a suitable treatment plan for your child. […] An SLT can also work with adults who stammer, to find ways to improve the fluency of their speech and reduce the impact stammering has on their lives. […] Speech and language therapy is widely available on the NHS for people who stammer, although the level of service and waiting times vary across the country. […] Indirect therapy is where parents make changes to the way they communicate and the home environment, rather than focusing directly on their child’s talking. […] The aim of indirect therapy is to create an environment where a child feels less pressure when speaking.

• #1 The Looooong List of 27 Incredible Stuttering Treatment Techniques — SLP Stephen

  https://slpstephen.com/blogs/news/the-complete-list-of-stuttering-treatment-techniques

  The Looooong List of 27 Incredible Stuttering Treatment Techniques […] This is the most comprehensive (but readable) list of therapy techniques for stuttering you’ll find anywhere. If you feel like you’re out of your league treating stuttering, you won’t once you finish this list. […] Below you’ll find every helpful stuttering treatment strategy I could find organized by the best age for using them, written in easily-understandable language with practice examples and a link to its source. […] In preschool (ages 2-6), therapy is usually most often about changing the environment around the child who stutters so their brain can figure out to get them more fluent on their own, instead of making a very young child master intricate speech techniques (this is also called indirect therapy). […] The Slowed-Down Speech Technique (For Parents) […] This technique does two things: first, it models for your child what a smoother, more fluent way of speaking sounds like and secondly, it builds more time into the conversation so your child will feel less rushed (and therefore be more fluent).

• #1 The Looooong List of 27 Incredible Stuttering Treatment Techniques — SLP Stephen

  https://slpstephen.com/blogs/news/the-complete-list-of-stuttering-treatment-techniques

  The Reduced Demands Technique (for Parents) […] That’s why it can be so powerful for children who stutter if the demands placed on them around speaking are dialed waaaaaay back. A lighter speaking burden leads to easier, more fluent speech. […] The Verbal Feedback Technique (For Parents; Also called The Lidcombe Program and the Response/Contingencies Approach) […] Only meant for children 3-6, making verbal responses about a child’s speech can help their brain learn to speak more fluently without them consciously learning any intricate techniques. […] The Syllable-Timed Speech Technique (Also called the Westmead Program and the Robot Speech Technique) […] Syllable timed speech is a technique that, when practiced every day, can help children decrease their stuttering by 96%. It capitalized on rhythms ability to induce fluent speech.

• #1 The Looooong List of 27 Incredible Stuttering Treatment Techniques — SLP Stephen

  https://slpstephen.com/blogs/news/the-complete-list-of-stuttering-treatment-techniques

  Once children hit 6, most are in school (hence school-age) and all therapy from here on out is called direct therapy: it enlists their help to make direct changes to their speech. When it comes to direct therapy, there are two major camps: stuttering modification (also called easy stuttering) and fluency shaping (also called speech restructuring and prolonged speech). […] Stuttering modifications main goal is to stutter but stutter quickly, easily, and more effortlessly so one’s speech can move forward faster. Fluency shaping’s main goal is to eliminate stuttering so one sounds fluent and their speech can more forward faster. […] Many people have many different opinions about the best way to treat stuttering. And many of them are perfectly right. In the end, different things work for different people. Or many things will work for the same person.

• #1 What One Speech Therapist Wishes You Knew About Stuttering – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health Blog

  https://healthier.stanfordchildrens.org/en/speech-therapist-explains-stuttering/

  In general, our goal is twofold: (1) to encourage a healthy attitude about speaking, and (2) to reduce the severity and frequency of the stutter. […] Specific treatments are individualized based on the patient’s age. […] With school-aged children and teenagers, treatment focuses on techniques to help ease into the sound of words, speak at an appropriate speed and reduce tension in speech production. […] It is important for adults to demonstrate acceptance and minimize reactions to the disfluencies. […] Children pick up on our thoughts and emotions, and if parents feel anxious or worried about the stutter, it can create a vicious cycle where the child begins stuttering more because they feel increased pressure.

• #1 Fluency & Stuttering Therapy Program | Lurie Children’s

  https://www.luriechildrens.org/en/specialties-conditions/fluency-stuttering-therapy-program/

  Stuttering affects the fluency of speech. […] Evaluations are completed by speech-language pathologists who are certified by the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) and specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of stuttering. […] If a child exhibits risk factors to continue stuttering or if their stuttering impacts their willingness to communicate, therapy may be recommended. […] Following evaluations, individualized treatment plans will be generated and discussed with the patient and family. […] As part of our preschool stuttering therapy, we provide instruction and coaching to caregivers on how to help young children increase their fluency and ease of speech, build self-confidence and develop effective communication skills. […] In therapy, caregivers are taught strategies to help enhance their childs fluency and promote positive communication skills.

• #1 Fluency & Stuttering Therapy Program | Lurie Children’s

  https://www.luriechildrens.org/en/specialties-conditions/fluency-stuttering-therapy-program/

  For children who are around age seven and older, our treatment approach integrates stuttering modification and fluency shaping goals to help the child reduce physical tension/struggle during moments of stuttering in order to produce more forward moving speech. […] The ultimate goal is for patients to become confident and effective communicators, and engage more fully in desired activities and speaking situations.

• #1 Stuttering Treatment

  https://stamurai.com/blog/treatment-for-stuttering/

  Speech therapy for stuttering can help children increase the spontaneity of their conversations by improving their fluency. […] Desensitization, self-disclosure, cognitive restructuring and support are the three main approaches that aid in reducing the negative reactions an individual may associate with their stuttering. […] SLPs dont restrict treatment inside the therapy room. It is important for the child to find the courage and confidence to display their acquired speech strategies and participate in discussions outside the treatment room. […] The treatment for teens and adults who stutter can be long-term and intensive because their core and secondary behaviours are more difficult to alter as compared to children. […] Treatment for stuttering at any age share a few common goals which include the improvement of fluency, increasing their understanding of stammering and share their experiences with fellow individuals of similar age who stutter as well.

• #1 The Looooong List of 27 Incredible Stuttering Treatment Techniques — SLP Stephen

  https://slpstephen.com/blogs/news/the-complete-list-of-stuttering-treatment-techniques

  The Self-Advertising Technique (Also Called Self-Disclosure) […] The self-advertising technique will take the stressful edge out of any conversation, but it’s also one of the hardest things for a person who stutters to do. […] Join a Stuttering Community Group […] Everybody knows what it’s like to be you and so they don’t judge you. You out you’re not alone. That you’re accepted. That you belong. […] Everything that was used for school-aged children can also be used in adolescents and adults, except the Syllable-Timed Speech Technique, which hasn’t been found to translate to adults as well as it does with children. Here we’ll add the fluency shaping techniques that are some of the most difficult to master but also some of the best at allowing adults to have fluent speech. […] The Stretched Syllable Technique […] When you slow down your speech in a systematic way you can become more attuned to it and learn how to change it to make it more fluent.

• #1 Speech Therapy for Stuttering Adults: A Comprehensive Guide

  https://connectedspeechpathology.com/blog/speech-therapy-for-stuttering-adults-a-comprehensive-guide

  Stuttering in adulthood can be a complex and isolating experience, impacting communication and confidence for millions worldwide. This article explains how to challenge and empower individuals with practical knowledge of stuttering and actionable tools. […] We’ll dive into the latest therapy approaches, helping you understand treatment options and their potential benefits. […] Stuttering doesn’t „go away” completely, but effective management strategies can significantly improve fluency, reduce anxiety, and empower individuals to communicate confidently. […] Effective management incorporates not only speech therapy techniques but also psychological interventions to address anxiety, build coping mechanisms, and enhance self-esteem. […] Various stuttering treatments are available, and your speech therapist will work with you to choose the most effective ones.

• #1 Speech Therapy for Stuttering Adults: A Comprehensive Guide

  https://connectedspeechpathology.com/blog/speech-therapy-for-stuttering-adults-a-comprehensive-guide

  Stuttering modification techniques teach you strategies to modify your speaking patterns and decrease stuttering. […] Cognitive-behavioral therapy helps you identify and challenge negative thoughts and beliefs about stuttering, reducing anxiety and building self-esteem. […] The stuttering treatment process is collaborative, and speech therapists support you every step of the way. […] Therapy may include techniques to improve speech fluency, such as controlled breathing, slowing speech rate, and desensitization to speaking situations. […] Through tailored speech therapy techniques, innovative treatment approaches, support from the National Stuttering Association, and a focus on building confidence and practical communication skills, adults who stutter can overcome challenges and lead more fulfilling, confident lives.

• #1 Intensive Stuttering Clinic | College of Health

  https://health.utah.edu/communication-sciences-disorders/clinical/intensive-stuttering

  The Intensive Stuttering Clinic (ISC) is designed to work with individuals who stutter, providing a comprehensive approach to achieving fluency. […] Stutter therapy focuses on helping adults and older adolescents become confident communicators. […] We utilize a variety of evidence-based fluency shaping and fluency management techniques to craft an individualized treatment plan that targets your specific needs and priorities. […] Stuttering is a multidimensional disorder that demands a multidimensional treatment approach. […] The ISC targets both improved speech production and stuttering management. […] The two-week Intensive Clinic Experience is designed to help individuals manage their stuttering through a structured approach. […] This is an intensive stutter therapy program where we typically meet daily from 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.

• #1 The Pharmacologic Treatment of Stuttering and Its Neuropharmacologic Basis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7118465/

  Stuttering is a DSM V psychiatric condition for which there are no FDA-approved medications for treatment. […] A growing body of evidence suggests that dopamine antagonist medications are effective in reducing the severity of stuttering symptoms. […] In recent years, advances in the neurophysiology of stuttering have helped further guide pharmacological treatment. […] A newer medication with a novel mechanism of action, selective D1 antagonism, is currently being investigated in FDA trials for the treatment of stuttering. […] This review seeks to highlight the different treatment options to help guide the practicing clinician in the treatment of stuttering. […] Currently there is no FDA-approved medication for the treatment of stuttering. […] Medications with dopamine-blocking activity have shown the most efficacy; however, they can be limited by their respective side-effect profiles.

• #1 The Pharmacologic Treatment of Stuttering and Its Neuropharmacologic Basis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7118465/

  Newer medications with novel mechanisms are showing promise in the pharmacologic treatment of stuttering. […] It is postulated that elevated dopamine levels are associated with stuttering and lower activity of the striatum, supported by a 1997 study showing significantly higher 6-FDOPA uptake in the ventral limbic cortical and subcortical regions leading to an overactive presynaptic dopamine system. […] Newer, second-generation dopamine-blocking medications such as risperidone and olanzapine have a lower risk of motor system side-effects and are generally better tolerated than first-generation dopamine-blocking medications like haloperidol. […] A recent case report demonstrated ziprasidone to be an effective and well tolerated medication for the treatment of stuttering and may be considered as an alternative atypical antipsychotic.

• #1 The Pharmacologic Treatment of Stuttering and Its Neuropharmacologic Basis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7118465/

  Ecopipam has a unique pharmacologic mechanism in its action as a D1 antagonist. […] Ecopipam has been studied for stuttering in adults in an open-label single-case experimental design funded by philanthropy. […] Numerous medications for stuttering have been studied, but until recently only those with dopamine blocking activity have confirmed efficacy. […] Non-pharmacologic treatments for stuttering range from non-invasive to maximally invasive approaches. […] Most established is speech therapy, which is supported by a large body of literature and has been proven to target different physiological centers of the brain. […] Cognitive behavioral therapy is a psychotherapeutic intervention that may be useful for stuttering, especially because of the high co-occurrence of social anxiety or other anxiety disorders.

• #1 Stuttering therapy – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuttering_therapy

  Several pharmacologic, i.e. drug-based, methods to control or alleviate stuttering events have been studied, but each has either proved ineffective or have had adverse effects. A comprehensive review of pharmacologic interventions for stuttering showed that no agent leads to valid improvement in stuttering or in secondary social and emotional consequences.

• #1 Online Stuttering Therapy | American Institute for Stuttering

  https://www.stutteringtreatment.org/locations/online-stuttering-therapy

  Online Stuttering Therapy Stuttering therapy at the American Institute for Stuttering is not confined by the physical walls of our offices. We offer the convenience of participating in both individual and group therapy through online video conferencing, also known as teletherapy. AIS provides universally affordable, holistic stuttering therapy online. Our certified speech-language pathologists (SLP) offer individual services and group workshops for children, teens, and adults. We have offered teletherapy services for over 10 years, and many clients have found working with a speech therapist online to be an excellent alternative to face-to-face services. Our online speech therapy service is secure, HIPAA-compliant, and easily accessible through video conferencing on your PC, Mac, Tablet or Smartphone with an internet connection.

• #1 Online Stuttering Therapy | American Institute for Stuttering

  https://www.stutteringtreatment.org/locations/online-stuttering-therapy

  We find that children in the younger school-age range (ages 5 to 7) are often able to make great progress in remote sessions. For preschool-aged or young children, we work with parents/caregivers to help them implement ways to modify the child’s speaking environment and provide their child support to keep them speaking confidently. While it is often challenging to directly engage the pre-school child over the internet, we can often accomplish a great deal for a child’s stutter by working primarily with the parents, utilizing video clips of the child as necessary, and gradually engaging the child more and more into sessions. […] For years our clients have told us that their teletherapy sessions are as effective and helpful as their in-person sessions. Recent clinical research has validated this observation. Some advantages of teletherapy include: Ability to attend therapy when transportation is limited, Ability to engage family members in sessions who might not otherwise be able to attend, Incorporating items in the home environment into therapy sessions, Easier scheduling, The comfort of not traveling and being in your own home. […] Contact us at our offices in New York or Atlanta, and we’ll help you make your first virtual appointment. As always at AIS, we’re able to offer financial assistance to help with the cost. Call or email today!

• #1 How to Stop Stuttering or Stammering: 5 Tips

  https://www.healthline.com/health/how-to-stop-stuttering

  Researchers are looking into medical devices that could aid in speaking fluently, such as those that could fit into the ear, or using brain stimulation to help communication. More research is needed in this area. […] There is some limited evidence that mindfulness techniques can help within a comprehensive treatment plan for stuttering. More research is needed to determine which types of meditation may be most beneficial. […] In some cases, a specialized ear device called as a speech monitor may be helpful. These devices use delayed and frequency-altered feedback software to help you speak more fluently. […] Speak with your doctor about currently available devices that could be effective for you. […] Long-term support is crucial to helping your loved one work manage their stutter. […] Stuttering can be effectively managed. Practicing speech techniques and requesting patience from those with whom you communicate may help reduce your stutter over time. […] A certified speech pathologist can give you personalized tips.

• #1

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/stammering/treatment/

  The Lidcombe Program is a widely used direct behavioural therapy for the treatment of stammering in young children. […] Therapy with older children and adults will often take account of both the speaking behaviours and the social, emotional and psychological aspects of stammering. […] In addition to direct and indirect therapy, there are other options that can help people who stammer, particularly older children and adults with persistent stammering and those who develop stammering later in life (acquired or late-onset stammering). […] These therapies do not treat stammering directly, but can be helpful if you experience negative feelings as a result of your stammering. […] These devices are often fitted inside or around the ear, similar to a hearing aid, and can help improve the fluency of some people’s speech.

• #1 Stuttering therapy – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuttering_therapy

  Cognitive behavioral therapy may be used to help people who stutter. CBT may be partially effective in helping clients reduce their secondary behaviors, anxiety, and cognitive distortion. […] Stuttering support/community groups have gained prominence and visibility and can be an important part of the process for stutterers. A growing number of speechlanguage pathologists encourage their clients to participate in support groups. […] Research shows that participating in support groups and self-help sessions with others who stutter may reduce the negative attitudes associated with stuttering. […] Cognitive behavioral therapy is a collaborative process that requires the client and the therapist working together to explore the buried feelings of frustration, avoidance, anger, and self-doubt. Younger children who stutter are more benefited by CBT as compared to adults who stutter. Research at the Michael Palin Center has shown that CBT is a powerful tool for children who stutter.

• #1 Speech & Stuttering Therapy of New Jersey

  https://www.stutteringtherapynj.com/

  When appropriate, parents are recommended to take part in therapy sessions in order to practice techniques to facilitate their child’s ease of communication, learn how to support their speech and emotional-regulation at home, and/or gain a greater understanding of their experience with stuttering. […] Research shows that being part of a support group helps members to gain hope, confidence, self-esteem, and a positive outlook and lead to positive changes in their views about stuttering and their own acceptance of their stuttering. […] Using an individualized approach, we will rebuild your foundation for self-awareness and give you the confidence to say what you want to say.

• #1 Stuttering Treatment Program at Vanderbilt | Vanderbilt Children’s Hospital Nashville, TN

  https://www.childrenshospitalvanderbilt.org/program/stuttering-treatment-program-vanderbilt

  The Vanderbilt Stuttering Program is involved with a number of support programs including Fearless Communicators, a Toastmasters Group for adults who stutter, Camp TALKS (Talking And Learning with Kids who Stutter), family education and support, and a National Stuttering Association self-help group. […] We offer a full range of tests, treatments and services, including assessment and treatment options for those of any age with cluttering or atypical disfluencies.

• #1 Support for People Who Stutter and Their Families | NSA

  https://www.westutter.org/who-we-help

  The NSA is the preeminent organization for supporting people who stutter through support, education, advocacy, and research. […] Stuttering is complicated, and treating it can be a challenge. At the NSA, we believe that SLPs can help people to successfully cope with stuttering. […] Medical professionals are often the first professionals that parents turn to when they notice disfluencies in their childs speech. With the correct information and a basic understanding of childhood stuttering, pediatricians and family physicians can be an asset to parents in these early stages.

• #1 American Institute for Stuttering | Speak Freely, Live Fearlessly!

  https://www.stutteringtreatment.org/

  Our certified speech-language pathologists can help parents understand how to support their child’s growth. […] AIS is dedicated to support other speech-language and mental health professionals who provide therapy services to people who stutter. […] At AIS, we take a holistic, individualized approach and help you maintain your success over time. […] AIS treatment draws extensively from avoidance reduction therapy, acceptance and commitment approaches, and rational emotive behavioral therapy. […] The therapists at AIS have received specialty training to work exclusively with people who stutter. […] Our entire staff is dedicated to creating a truly supportive environment for our clients and the people who love them. […] We are dedicated to making therapy affordable for all, regardless of financial situation.

• #1 Center for Stuttering Therapy

  https://www.coloradostutteringtherapy.com/

  Welcome to the Center for Stuttering Therapy, Colorado’s leading Stuttering Therapy Center since 1992! […] We provide effective, caring, personalized stuttering therapy in an inviting, comfortable environment. […] Our therapy for teens and adults follows a multidimensional approach that effectively addresses all aspects of stuttering. […] We believe in helping people who stutter achieve functional fluency- saying what you want, when you want and how you want to say it. […] We combine fluency shaping, modification and cognitive therapy strategies to design a comprehensive program to fit individual needs. […] Our Center is staffed by certified and state licensed speech-language pathologists and Board Certified specialists in Fluency who are dedicated to helping people who stutter, of all ages, find their voice.

• #1 Treatment – Arthur M. Blank Center for Stuttering Education

  https://blankcenterforstuttering.org/treatment/

  Our life-changing Blank Center CARE Model, in development for over two decades, empowers children, teens, and adults worldwide to stutter openly, speak confidently, communicate effectively, and advocate meaningfully, with the aim of ensuring all persons who stutter live their lives to the fullest. […] At the Blank Center, we do not aim to fix or cure stuttering. We aim to uplift the whole person such that they thrive across every meaningful aspect of their daily life. […] Through participation in our CARE programming, we are working to prevent the formation of the Stuttering Iceberg by directly teaching and practicing the skills needed to be effective, resilient communicators beginning at the earliest age. […] Camp Dream. Speak. Live. is our annual evidence-based intensive therapy program for children and teens who stutter. The protocol for this program has been manualized, and the positive results have been replicated worldwide. […] Our unique and uplifting mentorship program provides participants of all ages a sense of purpose and belonging.

• #1 Pediatric Speech Therapy Treatment for Stuttering | Chicago Speech Therapy

  https://chicagospeechtherapy.com/resources/articles/pediatric-speech-therapy-treatment-for-stuttering/

  Pediatric Speech Therapy Treatment for Stuttering […] Stuttering, or the repetition or prolonging of sounds and syllables during speech, is a communication disorder that can affect a child’s quality of life. […] Stuttering can be diagnosed and treated by a speech-language pathologist (SLP), a health professional trained in the treatment of language disorders. […] Unfortunately, a cure for stuttering does not exist though there are many available treatments that can work if administered over time. Working with a speech-language pathologist will help you determine the right treatment options for your child and help prevent a possible lifelong problem. While stuttering therapy will vary based on the specific needs of your child, there are some techniques which are most often used to achieve fluency: Prolonging speech, Airflow therapies, Vocal control techniques, Anxiety reduction, Rhythmic speech methods, Attitudinal therapy. […] While some medications do exist that have been shown to help reduce stuttering, their side effects are generally undesirable and so they are not often prescribed. […] Parents are encouraged to practice these things in order to support and encourage their child’s stuttering therapy and fluency development: Provide relaxed environments and opportunities in the home for the child to speak, especially when your child is excited or has a lot to say, Do not act negatively when your child stutters; instead, offer gentle corrections or react positively to fluent speech, Try to reduce any pressure that your child speak in a certain way or perform verbally on the spot, Reduce time pressures on speaking by making yourself talk in a relaxed or slowed manner, Avoid interrupting your child and instead listen attentively while the child strives for the intended word, If your child voices concerns about his or her stuttering, have an open conversation about the issue. […]

• #1 Seven Principles of Stuttering Therapy | Minnesota State University, Mankato

  https://ahn.mnsu.edu/services-and-centers/center-for-communication-sciences-and-disorders/services/stuttering/professional-education/convention-materials/archive-of-online-conferences/isad2007/seven-principles-of-stuttering-therapy/

  Treatment for Stuttering Takes Time: Everyone needs to understand that the treatment of stuttering takes considerable time–even taking years to see improvement. […] Clients Have To Want Therapy: I have had countless experiences where parents want their child to have therapy more than the child does. […] You Are Never Too Old To Learn: I end with this last principle as a reminder that clinicians who treat people who stutter need to continue to learn about and understand stuttering.

• #1 Why Go To Speech Therapy? | Stuttering Foundation: A Nonprofit Organization Helping Those Who Stutter

  https://www.stutteringhelp.org/why-go-speech-therapy

  Many teens and adults who stutter have been to speech therapy for their stuttering at least once in their lives. Some people have been through years of therapy. Just because you may have had treatment for your stuttering in the past does not mean you shouldn’t consider it again. […] The key to success with any kind of treatment is finding someone who is knowledgeable about that particular treatment. This is especially true of stuttering. […] The amount of stuttering therapy needed and length of time involved are related to each other and are usually different for each person. […] A thorough evaluation usually ranges from two to four hours and may cost between $300 and $500, depending on your location and the speech pathologist’s charges. […] Once you’ve completed the evaluation process, the speech pathologist will explain your results to you and then the two of you will begin thinking about the length of time that you can expect to be in therapy and how often it should be scheduled.

• #1 Management of stuttering using cognitive behavior therapy and mindfulness meditation

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6929220/

  When coupled with CBT strategies, this awareness and understanding may help the clients reflect back on the factors that worsen the stuttering and increase the related psychological or behavioral problems. […] Validating the efficacy of CBT and mindfulness remains an important issue for any progress in future. […] In general, the CBT and mindfulness treatment program, depending on the severity of the client’s symptoms, may range from 3 months to 3 years, with variable number of sessions. […] Stuttering is a speech fluency disorder that has a multifaceted etiology. Early identification and treatment play an important role in recovery.

• #1 HCRI’s Hollins Fluency System | 12-Day Stuttering Therapy Program

  https://www.stuttering.org/hollins-fluency-system-stuttering-therapy-at-HCRI.php

  No other stuttering treatment replicates the sophistication of the Hollins Fluency System III therapy program – or the individualized approach from which clients benefit. […] 93% achieve fluency by the end of their 12-day therapy program. […] For many HCRI clients, stuttering therapy is a one-time experience; fluent speech has replaced stuttering and additional treatment is not necessary. […] At the same time, you’ll receive personalized clinician follow-up and support, as well as a full array of post-therapy tools to help you maintain fluent speech for the long-term.

• #1 Can Stuttering Go Away with Speech Therapy?

  https://www.expressable.com/learning-center/stuttering/can-stuttering-go-away-with-speech-therapy

  If you or someone you love stutters, you may be curious about how to fix stuttering. […] The goal of stuttering therapy is to help children and adults manage their stutter, speak with greater ease, and feel confident when they communicate. […] In stuttering therapy, the speech therapist can show a person ways to help manage or control their stutter. […] Speech therapy can build your confidence and help you speak more freely. […] Its important to know that there is no cure for stuttering. […] The best treatment for stuttering usually focuses on these things: Teaching techniques to manage a stutter and achieve greater ease of speech […] Helping the person become a strong and confident communicator, however that looks and sounds for them as an individual […] Supporting the person in advocating for themselves and being open about their stutter.

• #1 How To Stop Stuttering for Adults and Teens

  https://stuttering-therapy.com/

  Look for a speech-language pathologist (SLP) who specializes in treating stuttering. […] Regular attendance and active participation in therapy sessions are crucial. […] Stuttering therapy employs several techniques, such as Fluency Shaping Techniques and Stuttering Modification Techniques. […] Regular practice of the techniques you learn in therapy is essential. […] Developing a positive attitude toward your speech and your progress is crucial. […] Stuttering can be exacerbated by stress and anxiety. […] Remember, progress might not always be linear, and setbacks are a natural part of the journey.

• #1 What One Speech Therapist Wishes You Knew About Stuttering – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health Blog

  https://healthier.stanfordchildrens.org/en/speech-therapist-explains-stuttering/

  Many young children develop a stutter as they learn to speak as their brains are processing thousands of new words and sounds in the first few years of their lives. […] But for others, the right treatment with a speech-language pathologist can make a big difference. […] If parents notice their child’s stutter lasts longer than six months, if the stutter began after age 3, or if they have a family history with the condition, I usually recommend they see a specialist. […] Yes. It is best to treat fluency disorders early. […] If left untreated, adults who stutter may end up avoiding jobs or personal commitments that have speaking demands. […] However, frequent repetitions of sounds, syllables or words especially three or more repetitions as well as prolongations (extending a sound out) or blocks (inaudible/silent fixations or inability to initiate sounds) are all signs that treatment could help.

• #1 Stuttering, Cluttering, and Fluency

  https://www.asha.org/practice-portal/clinical-topics/fluency-disorders/?srsltid=AfmBOopzGObSkExpvIMUI3d9rcL6e58A-C27W6S2XUlL8VfHva8YQyvI

  Treatment should consider overt stuttering as well as the affective and cognitive reactions to stuttering. Increasing fluency may not be a goal for an individual or may be only one aspect of a comprehensive and multidimensional approach. Personalized goal setting is very important when providing stuttering treatment. […] The clinician should consider the holistic impact of stuttering on the individual’s entire communication experience and quality of life. Most individuals who seek treatment for stuttering have some degree of both observable disfluency and adverse impact of stuttering on quality of life. […] Treatment for stuttering and cluttering is highly individualized and is based on a thorough assessment of speech fluency, language factors, emotional/attitudinal components, and life impact.

• #1 American Institute for Stuttering | Speak Freely, Live Fearlessly!

  https://www.stutteringtreatment.org/

  We also offer financial assistance to help with the cost of therapy for those who need it. […] Just as people are unique in terms of their stuttering, every persons treatment is different. […] At AIS, in addition to helping people become more fluent in their speech, we measure success according to how well our clients are able to speak their minds without fear or struggle. […] Research confirms that our therapy is effective in helping people remove the barriers of their stuttering. […] The therapists at AIS have the knowledge, training, and experience to incorporate these challenges into treatment. […] Tele-practice provides the added benefit of being able to bring clients together who would not otherwise be able to attend group sessions because of scheduling issues. […] The consultation will give you the opportunity to talk with one of the AIS therapists about your personal stuttering journey- how you stutter, how you think and feel about it, and how it has impacted you.

• #1 Speech Therapy For Stuttering | District Speech and Language Therapy | Washington DC

  https://districtspeech.com/specialties/stutter-avoidance-reduction/

  Your speech therapist will work with you to feel less anxious around talking, as well as manage your fears around certain speaking situations. They can also help you find ways to manage your stutter, working on techniques designed to reduce your stuttering symptoms. […] If you’re a person who stutters, the end goal of stuttering therapy is for you to be a good communicator and to not let stuttering stop you from living. Your speech therapist will work with you toward making that happen. […] In most cases, a stutter takes root between ages 2 and 6. In some cases, children grow out of a stutter. However, if it lasts for more than six months, book an appointment with District Speech. […] Many adults who stutter have not told others they stutter. They hide stuttering by word switching (saying words they won’t stutter on) and by avoiding social situations. This ultimately prevents them from being who they are and saying what they want. […] The end goal of stuttering therapy is for you to be a good communicator and to not let stuttering stop you from living. Your speech therapist will work with you toward making that happen.

• #2 Stuttering, Cluttering, and Fluency

  https://www.asha.org/practice-portal/clinical-topics/fluency-disorders/?srsltid=AfmBOopzGObSkExpvIMUI3d9rcL6e58A-C27W6S2XUlL8VfHva8YQyvI

  Treatment should consider overt stuttering as well as the affective and cognitive reactions to stuttering. Increasing fluency may not be a goal for an individual or may be only one aspect of a comprehensive and multidimensional approach. Personalized goal setting is very important when providing stuttering treatment. […] The clinician should consider the holistic impact of stuttering on the individual’s entire communication experience and quality of life. Most individuals who seek treatment for stuttering have some degree of both observable disfluency and adverse impact of stuttering on quality of life. […] Treatment for stuttering and cluttering is highly individualized and is based on a thorough assessment of speech fluency, language factors, emotional/attitudinal components, and life impact.

• #2 Management of stuttering using cognitive behavior therapy and mindfulness meditation

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6929220/

  CBT and mindfulness meditation (MM) may help not only in managing the primary symptoms by increasing awareness of the condition and its consequences but also may help equip the individual with adequate skills for present and future management of the problem and its behavioral, social, and related consequences. […] The experiences of individuals with this disorder may include negative affect, behavioral, and cognitive reactions, both from the speaker with stuttering issues and the environment. […] A cognitive behavioral model of stuttering, therefore, targets the biopsychosocial crisis prominent in this condition and focuses on the primary behavioral, cognitive, and emotional symptoms. […] CBT strategies demonstrated to be effective by research in this population include psychoeducation, relaxation, deep breathing, humming, prolongation, cognitive restructuring, problem-solving strategies, and assertiveness, thereby addressing speech issues, low self-esteem, over generalization, catastrophic beliefs, social inhibition, and avoidance of social situations to an extent of social phobia.

• #2

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/stammering/treatment/

  The Lidcombe Program is a widely used direct behavioural therapy for the treatment of stammering in young children. […] Therapy with older children and adults will often take account of both the speaking behaviours and the social, emotional and psychological aspects of stammering. […] In addition to direct and indirect therapy, there are other options that can help people who stammer, particularly older children and adults with persistent stammering and those who develop stammering later in life (acquired or late-onset stammering). […] These therapies do not treat stammering directly, but can be helpful if you experience negative feelings as a result of your stammering. […] These devices are often fitted inside or around the ear, similar to a hearing aid, and can help improve the fluency of some people’s speech.

• #2 Intensive Stuttering Clinic | College of Health

  https://health.utah.edu/communication-sciences-disorders/clinical/intensive-stuttering

  Through one-on-one direct stutter therapy sessions, you’ll master fluency shaping and management techniques tailored to your needs. […] Goals of the Intensive Stuttering Clinic: Learn new speaking skills that facilitate fluent speech, Reduce number and severity of stuttering moments, Foster a proactive attitude toward improving speech production, Practice learned techniques in real-life situations, Foster a good understanding and healthy acceptance of stuttering, Manage stress and anxiety related to stuttering and speaking, Increase self-confidence. […] The second week is dedicated to practicing your newly acquired skills in real world situations. […] We’ll work with you to create a personalized home management plan, ensuring you can continue practicing and applying the techniques independently after the clinic is over.

• #2 Online Stuttering Therapy | American Institute for Stuttering

  https://www.stutteringtreatment.org/locations/online-stuttering-therapy

  We find that children in the younger school-age range (ages 5 to 7) are often able to make great progress in remote sessions. For preschool-aged or young children, we work with parents/caregivers to help them implement ways to modify the child’s speaking environment and provide their child support to keep them speaking confidently. While it is often challenging to directly engage the pre-school child over the internet, we can often accomplish a great deal for a child’s stutter by working primarily with the parents, utilizing video clips of the child as necessary, and gradually engaging the child more and more into sessions. […] For years our clients have told us that their teletherapy sessions are as effective and helpful as their in-person sessions. Recent clinical research has validated this observation. Some advantages of teletherapy include: Ability to attend therapy when transportation is limited, Ability to engage family members in sessions who might not otherwise be able to attend, Incorporating items in the home environment into therapy sessions, Easier scheduling, The comfort of not traveling and being in your own home. […] Contact us at our offices in New York or Atlanta, and we’ll help you make your first virtual appointment. As always at AIS, we’re able to offer financial assistance to help with the cost. Call or email today!

• #2 Can Stuttering Go Away with Speech Therapy?

  https://www.expressable.com/learning-center/stuttering/can-stuttering-go-away-with-speech-therapy

  If you or someone you love stutters, you may be curious about how to fix stuttering. […] The goal of stuttering therapy is to help children and adults manage their stutter, speak with greater ease, and feel confident when they communicate. […] In stuttering therapy, the speech therapist can show a person ways to help manage or control their stutter. […] Speech therapy can build your confidence and help you speak more freely. […] Its important to know that there is no cure for stuttering. […] The best treatment for stuttering usually focuses on these things: Teaching techniques to manage a stutter and achieve greater ease of speech […] Helping the person become a strong and confident communicator, however that looks and sounds for them as an individual […] Supporting the person in advocating for themselves and being open about their stutter.

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