Materiały źródłowe

• #1 What Treatment Is Best For Hyperparathyroidism? — Best Bainbridge Island Physical Therapy Clinic For Pain Relief, Injury Prevention & Rehabilitation

  https://fiziologix.com/blog-fiziologix-physical-therapy-tips-and-self-healing/4/16/2023/what-treatment-is-best-for-hyperparathyroidism

  What Treatment Is Best For Hyperparathyroidism? […] Treatment for hyperparathyroidism depends on the cause and severity of the condition. In cases of primary hyperparathyroidism, surgery to remove the affected gland(s) is often recommended. For secondary hyperparathyroidism, treating the underlying condition is the first step, and medication may also be prescribed to help regulate calcium and PTH levels. […] If left untreated, hyperparathyroidism can lead to serious complications, such as kidney damage, osteoporosis, and heart disease. Therefore, it’s important to seek medical attention if you experience any symptoms of hyperparathyroidism. […] Can Hyperparathyroidism be treated with physical therapy? […] No, physical therapy is not a treatment for hyperparathyroidism. Hyperparathyroidism is a medical condition caused by an overproduction of parathyroid hormone (PTH), which can lead to high levels of calcium in the blood and a range of symptoms, including weakness, fatigue, bone pain, and kidney stones.

• #2 Hyperparathyroidism: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14454-hyperparathyroidism

  Hyperparathyroidism can be primary (caused by growths or enlarged glands) or secondary (caused by kidney disease or low calcium levels). Treatments include surgery, medications and lifestyle changes. […] The type of treatment depends on whether you have primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism. Treatments could include surgery, supplements and/or lifestyle changes. […] Surgery to remove a growth or an enlarged parathyroid gland (parathyroidectomy) can cure hyperparathyroidism. […] If you dont have surgery, your provider will monitor your symptoms, calcium levels and kidney function. […] Treating secondary hyperparathyroidism can be complex. […] If these strategies dont work or if you develop tertiary hyperparathyroidism, your provider will probably recommend surgery. […] For people with primary hyperparathyroidism, parathyroidectomy is very effective at bringing calcium levels back to normal, and at improving bone density and symptoms.

• #3 Hyperparathyroidism – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hyperparathyroidism/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356199

  Treatment options for primary hyperparathyroidism can include watchful waiting, surgery and medications. […] Surgery is the most common treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism and provides a cure in most cases. A surgeon will remove only those glands that are enlarged or have a tumor. […] Medications to treat hyperparathyroidism include the following: […] A calcimimetic is a drug that mimics calcium circulating in the blood. The drug may trick the parathyroid glands into releasing less parathyroid hormone. This drug is sold as cinacalcet (Sensipar). […] Hormone replacement therapy may help bones keep calcium. However, this treatment doesn’t address the underlying problems with the parathyroid glands. […] Bisphosphonates also prevent the loss of calcium from bones and may lessen osteoporosis caused by hyperparathyroidism.

• #4 Hyperparathyroidism: Elevated PTH, Symptoms, and Surgery

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/hyperparathyroidism-7498311

  Primary Hyperparathyroidism Treatment […] Surgical removal of the parathyroid gland (parathyroidectomy) is the only cure for primary hyperparathyroidism. Nonsurgical therapies may be advised in certain situations. […] Parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism has a cure rate of 95% to 98%. It’s indicated in all people with symptoms of primary hyperparathyroidism. […] In asymptomatic individuals, surgery is indicated if one or more of the following criteria is met: High blood calcium level, specifically 1.0 milligram per deciliter (mg/dL) above normal; Kidney disease; Low bone density or prior history of fragility fracture (bone break from minimal trauma); Age younger than 50 years old. […] If surgery is indicated or requested, it should be performed by a highly skilled and experienced endocrine surgeon (a type of general surgeon that operates on hormone-producing glands in the body).

• #5 Hyperparathyroidism | Northwestern Medicine

  https://www.nm.org/conditions-and-care-areas/thyroid/hyperparathyroidism

  Primary hyperparathyroidism is typically treated by removing only the parathyroid glands that are enlarged or contain a tumor. If all four glands are affected, your surgeon may remove only three glands and part of the fourth to leave as much parathyroid function as possible. […] There are no medications that can treat primary hyperparathyroidism. Medications such as calcimimetics (like Sensipar) that cause the parathyroid glands to produce less PTH can be used for patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism due to kidney failure. […] Your doctor may also recommend lifestyle changes such as monitoring your calcium intake, drinking water to prevent kidney stones, exercising regularly and quitting smoking to help prevent bone loss.

• #6 Parathyroid Disorders | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2022/0300/p289.html

  Primary hyperparathyroidism, in which calcium levels are elevated without appropriate suppression of parathyroid hormone levels, is the most common cause of hypercalcemia and is often managed surgically. […] Indications for parathyroidectomy in primary hyperparathyroidism include presence of symptoms, age 50 years or younger, serum calcium level more than 1 mg per dL above the upper limit of normal, osteoporosis, creatinine clearance less than 60 mL per minute per 1.73 m2, nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, and hypercalciuria. […] In patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, parathyroidectomy is indicated for those with symptoms, significant renal impairment, osteoporosis, or serum calcium level more than 1 mg per dL (0.25 mmol per L) above the upper limit of normal. […] Parathyroidectomy has been shown to normalize PTH and calcium levels, decrease nephrolithiasis, reduce renal function deterioration, and improve bone mineral density.

• #7 Hyperparathyroidism: Background, Anatomy and Embryology, Primary Hyperparathyroidism

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/766906-treatment

  Surgical excision of abnormal parathyroid glands offers the only permanent, curative treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism. There is universal agreement that surgical treatment should be offered to all patients with symptomatic disease. […] Guidelines for the management of primary hyperparathyroidism were updated in 2022 by the Fifth International Workshop on the Evaluation and Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism. Indications for surgery include the presence of at least one of the following: Serum calcium above 1 mg/dL over the upper limit of the reference range, Bone mineral density T-score at any site being at or below -2.5, Vertebral fracture as evidenced via radiography or vertebral fracture assessment (VFA), Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or creatinine clearance of less than 60 mL/min, Hypercalciuria, with urinary calcium excretion being over 250 mg/day in women and over 300 mg/day in men, Presence of nephrolithiasis or nephrocalcinosis, as determined using radiography, ultrasonography, or another means of imaging, Age younger than 50 years.

• #8 Hyperparathyroidism: Background, Anatomy and Embryology, Primary Hyperparathyroidism

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/127351-overview

  Surgical excision of abnormal parathyroid glands offers the only permanent, curative treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism. There is universal agreement that surgical treatment should be offered to all patients with symptomatic disease. […] Guidelines for the management of primary hyperparathyroidism were updated in 2022 by the Fifth International Workshop on the Evaluation and Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism. Indications for surgery include the presence of at least one of the following: Serum calcium above 1 mg/dL over the upper limit of the reference range, Bone mineral density T-score at any site being at or below -2.5, Vertebral fracture as evidenced via radiography or vertebral fracture assessment (VFA), Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or creatinine clearance of less than 60 mL/min, Hypercalciuria, with urinary calcium excretion being over 250 mg/day in women and over 300 mg/day in men, Presence of nephrolithiasis or nephrocalcinosis, as determined using radiography, ultrasonography, or another means of imaging, Age younger than 50 years.

• #9 Primary Hyperparathyroidism | Treatment & Management | Point of Care

  https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/23201

  Current guidelines recommend surgery as the gold standard treatment for all patients with symptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism. Indications for surgery for patients with asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism include: Age younger than 50 years, GFR or creatinine clearance is 60 mL/min, Evidence of renal calcifications, nephrocalcinosis, or urinary stones, Hypercalciuria (300 mg/24 hours in men or 250 mg 24 hours in women), Osteoporosis on DEXA scan (T-score -2.5 at any site), Serum calcium 1 mg/dL above the upper limit of normal, Vertebral compression fracture on imaging.

• #10 Hyperparathyroidism: Background, Anatomy and Embryology, Primary Hyperparathyroidism

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/766906-treatment

  Surgical excision of abnormal parathyroid glands offers the only permanent, curative treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism. There is universal agreement that surgical treatment should be offered to all patients with symptomatic disease. […] Guidelines for the management of primary hyperparathyroidism were updated in 2022 by the Fifth International Workshop on the Evaluation and Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism. Indications for surgery include the presence of at least one of the following: Serum calcium above 1 mg/dL over the upper limit of the reference range, Bone mineral density T-score at any site being at or below -2.5, Vertebral fracture as evidenced via radiography or vertebral fracture assessment (VFA), Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or creatinine clearance of less than 60 mL/min, Hypercalciuria, with urinary calcium excretion being over 250 mg/day in women and over 300 mg/day in men, Presence of nephrolithiasis or nephrocalcinosis, as determined using radiography, ultrasonography, or another means of imaging, Age younger than 50 years.

• #11 Hyperparathyroidism: Background, Anatomy and Embryology, Primary Hyperparathyroidism

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/127351-overview

  Surgical excision of abnormal parathyroid glands offers the only permanent, curative treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism. There is universal agreement that surgical treatment should be offered to all patients with symptomatic disease. […] Guidelines for the management of primary hyperparathyroidism were updated in 2022 by the Fifth International Workshop on the Evaluation and Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism. Indications for surgery include the presence of at least one of the following: Serum calcium above 1 mg/dL over the upper limit of the reference range, Bone mineral density T-score at any site being at or below -2.5, Vertebral fracture as evidenced via radiography or vertebral fracture assessment (VFA), Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or creatinine clearance of less than 60 mL/min, Hypercalciuria, with urinary calcium excretion being over 250 mg/day in women and over 300 mg/day in men, Presence of nephrolithiasis or nephrocalcinosis, as determined using radiography, ultrasonography, or another means of imaging, Age younger than 50 years.

• #12 Hyperparathyroidism: Background, Anatomy and Embryology, Primary Hyperparathyroidism

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/766906-treatment

  Surgical excision of abnormal parathyroid glands offers the only permanent, curative treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism. There is universal agreement that surgical treatment should be offered to all patients with symptomatic disease. […] Guidelines for the management of primary hyperparathyroidism were updated in 2022 by the Fifth International Workshop on the Evaluation and Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism. Indications for surgery include the presence of at least one of the following: Serum calcium above 1 mg/dL over the upper limit of the reference range, Bone mineral density T-score at any site being at or below -2.5, Vertebral fracture as evidenced via radiography or vertebral fracture assessment (VFA), Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or creatinine clearance of less than 60 mL/min, Hypercalciuria, with urinary calcium excretion being over 250 mg/day in women and over 300 mg/day in men, Presence of nephrolithiasis or nephrocalcinosis, as determined using radiography, ultrasonography, or another means of imaging, Age younger than 50 years.

• #13 Hyperparathyroidism: Background, Anatomy and Embryology, Primary Hyperparathyroidism

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/766906-treatment

  Surgical excision of abnormal parathyroid glands offers the only permanent, curative treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism. There is universal agreement that surgical treatment should be offered to all patients with symptomatic disease. […] Guidelines for the management of primary hyperparathyroidism were updated in 2022 by the Fifth International Workshop on the Evaluation and Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism. Indications for surgery include the presence of at least one of the following: Serum calcium above 1 mg/dL over the upper limit of the reference range, Bone mineral density T-score at any site being at or below -2.5, Vertebral fracture as evidenced via radiography or vertebral fracture assessment (VFA), Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or creatinine clearance of less than 60 mL/min, Hypercalciuria, with urinary calcium excretion being over 250 mg/day in women and over 300 mg/day in men, Presence of nephrolithiasis or nephrocalcinosis, as determined using radiography, ultrasonography, or another means of imaging, Age younger than 50 years.

• #14 Hyperparathyroidism: Background, Anatomy and Embryology, Primary Hyperparathyroidism

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/127351-overview

  Surgical excision of abnormal parathyroid glands offers the only permanent, curative treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism. There is universal agreement that surgical treatment should be offered to all patients with symptomatic disease. […] Guidelines for the management of primary hyperparathyroidism were updated in 2022 by the Fifth International Workshop on the Evaluation and Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism. Indications for surgery include the presence of at least one of the following: Serum calcium above 1 mg/dL over the upper limit of the reference range, Bone mineral density T-score at any site being at or below -2.5, Vertebral fracture as evidenced via radiography or vertebral fracture assessment (VFA), Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or creatinine clearance of less than 60 mL/min, Hypercalciuria, with urinary calcium excretion being over 250 mg/day in women and over 300 mg/day in men, Presence of nephrolithiasis or nephrocalcinosis, as determined using radiography, ultrasonography, or another means of imaging, Age younger than 50 years.

• #15 Hyperparathyroidism: Background, Anatomy and Embryology, Primary Hyperparathyroidism

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/127351-overview

  Surgical excision of abnormal parathyroid glands offers the only permanent, curative treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism. There is universal agreement that surgical treatment should be offered to all patients with symptomatic disease. […] Guidelines for the management of primary hyperparathyroidism were updated in 2022 by the Fifth International Workshop on the Evaluation and Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism. Indications for surgery include the presence of at least one of the following: Serum calcium above 1 mg/dL over the upper limit of the reference range, Bone mineral density T-score at any site being at or below -2.5, Vertebral fracture as evidenced via radiography or vertebral fracture assessment (VFA), Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or creatinine clearance of less than 60 mL/min, Hypercalciuria, with urinary calcium excretion being over 250 mg/day in women and over 300 mg/day in men, Presence of nephrolithiasis or nephrocalcinosis, as determined using radiography, ultrasonography, or another means of imaging, Age younger than 50 years.

• #16 Hyperparathyroidism | Diagnosis and Treatment

  https://www.genesiscareus.com/en/condition/benign/hyperparathyroidism

  There are a few different surgical options to remove overreactive parathyroid glands, or a growth on the parathyroid, including: […] Targeted parathyroidectomy. Also known as minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP), your surgeon will remove the overreactive gland that was found in previous imaging studies, such as a 4D CT scan. With this type of surgery, the incision is typically very small and recovery times are shorter than with other types of procedures. […] Four gland parathyroid exploration. In this procedure, your surgeon makes an incision in the lower neck and examines your glands. Any glands that appear to be abnormal or enlarged are removed. In 96% of cases, there is only one enlarged parathyroid gland, and the other three are normal and do not require removal. […] Partial parathyroidectomy. During a parathyroid exploration, if multiple glands are enlarged, your surgeon may remove up to three or three and a half of the glands so that part of the parathyroid tissue remains. This helps prevent your gland from producing too much PTH. […] Total parathyroidectomy. During this procedure, all four of the glands are removed. In some cases, tissue from the parathyroid that is not impacted may be placed in your arm to allow for continued development of PTH.

• #17 Surgery for Hyperparathyroidism | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/hyperparathyroidism/treatments/surgery-for-hyperparathyroidism

  Hyperparathyroidism can lead to complications, including very high levels of calcium in the blood, osteoporosis, and kidney stones. If you have primary or tertiary hyperparathyroidism in which one or more of the parathyroid glands contain an adenoma, a benign tumor your doctor may recommend surgery to remove the overactive parathyroid gland. […] Most commonly, only one parathyroid gland is overactive and needs to be removed. […] Surgeons perform a focused parathyroidectomy when only one parathyroid gland is functioning abnormally and needs to be removed. During this procedure, which requires general anesthesia, the endocrine surgeon makes a small incision in the neck. Using information from the parathyroid adenoma imaging, the surgeon finds the affected parathyroid gland and removes it.

• #18 Hyperparathyroidism | Diagnosis and Treatment

  https://www.genesiscareus.com/en/condition/benign/hyperparathyroidism

  There are a few different surgical options to remove overreactive parathyroid glands, or a growth on the parathyroid, including: […] Targeted parathyroidectomy. Also known as minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP), your surgeon will remove the overreactive gland that was found in previous imaging studies, such as a 4D CT scan. With this type of surgery, the incision is typically very small and recovery times are shorter than with other types of procedures. […] Four gland parathyroid exploration. In this procedure, your surgeon makes an incision in the lower neck and examines your glands. Any glands that appear to be abnormal or enlarged are removed. In 96% of cases, there is only one enlarged parathyroid gland, and the other three are normal and do not require removal. […] Partial parathyroidectomy. During a parathyroid exploration, if multiple glands are enlarged, your surgeon may remove up to three or three and a half of the glands so that part of the parathyroid tissue remains. This helps prevent your gland from producing too much PTH. […] Total parathyroidectomy. During this procedure, all four of the glands are removed. In some cases, tissue from the parathyroid that is not impacted may be placed in your arm to allow for continued development of PTH.

• #19 Hyperparathyroidism | Diagnosis and Treatment

  https://www.genesiscareus.com/en/condition/benign/hyperparathyroidism

  There are a few different surgical options to remove overreactive parathyroid glands, or a growth on the parathyroid, including: […] Targeted parathyroidectomy. Also known as minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP), your surgeon will remove the overreactive gland that was found in previous imaging studies, such as a 4D CT scan. With this type of surgery, the incision is typically very small and recovery times are shorter than with other types of procedures. […] Four gland parathyroid exploration. In this procedure, your surgeon makes an incision in the lower neck and examines your glands. Any glands that appear to be abnormal or enlarged are removed. In 96% of cases, there is only one enlarged parathyroid gland, and the other three are normal and do not require removal. […] Partial parathyroidectomy. During a parathyroid exploration, if multiple glands are enlarged, your surgeon may remove up to three or three and a half of the glands so that part of the parathyroid tissue remains. This helps prevent your gland from producing too much PTH. […] Total parathyroidectomy. During this procedure, all four of the glands are removed. In some cases, tissue from the parathyroid that is not impacted may be placed in your arm to allow for continued development of PTH.

• #20 Hyperparathyroidism | Diagnosis and Treatment

  https://www.genesiscareus.com/en/condition/benign/hyperparathyroidism

  There are a few different surgical options to remove overreactive parathyroid glands, or a growth on the parathyroid, including: […] Targeted parathyroidectomy. Also known as minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP), your surgeon will remove the overreactive gland that was found in previous imaging studies, such as a 4D CT scan. With this type of surgery, the incision is typically very small and recovery times are shorter than with other types of procedures. […] Four gland parathyroid exploration. In this procedure, your surgeon makes an incision in the lower neck and examines your glands. Any glands that appear to be abnormal or enlarged are removed. In 96% of cases, there is only one enlarged parathyroid gland, and the other three are normal and do not require removal. […] Partial parathyroidectomy. During a parathyroid exploration, if multiple glands are enlarged, your surgeon may remove up to three or three and a half of the glands so that part of the parathyroid tissue remains. This helps prevent your gland from producing too much PTH. […] Total parathyroidectomy. During this procedure, all four of the glands are removed. In some cases, tissue from the parathyroid that is not impacted may be placed in your arm to allow for continued development of PTH.

• #21 The treatment of renal hyperparathyroidism in: Endocrine-Related Cancer Volume 27 Issue 1 (2020)

  https://erc.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/erc/27/1/ERC-19-0284.xml

  Renal hyperparathyroidism (rHPT) is a complex and challenging disorder. It develops early in the course of renal failure and is associated with increased risks of fractures, cardiovascular disease and death. It is treated medically, but when medical therapy cannot control the hyperparathyroidism, surgical parathyroidectomy is an option. […] Treatment consists of supplying vitamin D and reducing phosphate intake. In later stages calcimimetics might be added. RHPT refractory to medical treatment can be managed surgically with parathyroidectomy. Risks of surgery are small but not negligible. Parathyroidectomy should likely not be too radical, especially if the patient is a candidate for future renal transplantation. Subtotal or total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation are recognized surgical options. Renal transplantation improves rHPT but does not cure it.

• #22 Hyperparathyroidism: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14454-hyperparathyroidism

  Hyperparathyroidism can be primary (caused by growths or enlarged glands) or secondary (caused by kidney disease or low calcium levels). Treatments include surgery, medications and lifestyle changes. […] The type of treatment depends on whether you have primary or secondary hyperparathyroidism. Treatments could include surgery, supplements and/or lifestyle changes. […] Surgery to remove a growth or an enlarged parathyroid gland (parathyroidectomy) can cure hyperparathyroidism. […] If you dont have surgery, your provider will monitor your symptoms, calcium levels and kidney function. […] Treating secondary hyperparathyroidism can be complex. […] If these strategies dont work or if you develop tertiary hyperparathyroidism, your provider will probably recommend surgery. […] For people with primary hyperparathyroidism, parathyroidectomy is very effective at bringing calcium levels back to normal, and at improving bone density and symptoms.

• #23 Hyperparathyroidism

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hyperparathyroidism/

  Surgery to remove the parathyroid gland is usually the only way of treating primary hyperparathyroidism. […] Medicine called bisphosphonates may also be given to lower calcium. These are only used as a short-term treatment. Surgery will be needed once the calcium levels are stabilised. […] For people who are unable to have surgery for example, because of other medical conditions or they’re too frail a tablet called cinacalcet may be used to help control the condition. […] Treatment for secondary hyperparathyroidism depends on the underlying cause. […] Surgery is usually the main treatment for tertiary hyperparathyroidism that occurs in very advanced kidney failure.

• #24 Hyperparathyroidism Treatment | Patient Care

  https://weillcornell.org/parathyroid-disease

  Surgery for hyperparathyroidism has been associated with improved bone mineral density (correcting or improving osteoporosis), better kidney function and reduced long-term cardiovascular risk. […] At Weill Cornell Medicine, we work with patients to design treatment plans that fit their needs. […] Surgery for hyperparathyroidism is done to remove the unhealthy gland or glands. […] Our goal is to cure primary hyperparathyroidism using a minimally invasive surgical approach to remove the unhealthy parathyroid gland or glands. […] In secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism, all four parathyroid glands are usually affected, and thus patients require a multi-gland exploration to ensure that no unhealthy parathyroid glands remain. […] The risks of parathyroid surgery include bleeding, nerve injury that could affect your vocal cords and the quality of your voice, and damage to the remaining parathyroid glands resulting in low calcium levels in the bloodstream. […] After parathyroid surgery, patients are enrolled in our active surveillance (monitoring) program. […] We offer the newest therapies and treatment options for treating hyperparathyroidism.

• #25 Parathyroidectomy: What It Is, Side Effects & Recovery

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/7015-parathyroid-surgery

  Parathyroidectomy (parathyroid surgery) refers to removal of one or more parathyroid glands. Healthcare providers use this procedure to treat primary hyperparathyroidism. They may also recommend parathyroid surgery to treat secondary hyperparathyroidism when nonsurgical treatments dont work. […] You might need parathyroidectomy surgery if you have hyperparathyroidism when one or more of your parathyroid glands makes too much parathyroid hormone (PTH). […] Parathyroidectomy can improve your quality of life in many ways. By returning your blood calcium levels to a healthy range, this procedure can reduce or eliminate symptoms of hyperparathyroidism, like: Joint pain, Muscle weakness, Nausea, Fatigue, Foggy mind. […] Parathyroidectomy has impressive success rates (over 95%) in treating hyperparathyroidism. In fact, its the only available cure for the condition. Research indicates that less than 2% of people who undergo parathyroidectomy develop recurrence (return) of hyperparathyroidism. […] Parathyroidectomy is a common, minimally invasive procedure that can improve (and in many cases, cure) hyperparathyroidism.

• #26 Medical management of primary hyperparathyroidism

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10118813/

  Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is an endocrine disorder resulting from the hyperfunction of one or more parathyroid glands, with hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). It can be managed by parathyroidectomy (PTX) or non-surgically. Medical therapy with pharmacological agents is an alternative for those patients with asymptomatic PHPT who meet guidelines for surgery but are unable or unwilling to undergo PTX. […] The definitive therapy of PHPT is parathyroidectomy. However, patients who meet a surgical guideline may not be willing or medically able to undergo parathyroid surgery. Thus, pharmacological management is an important alternative in this setting. […] In conclusion, although PTX is the only definitive treatment for PHPT, medical therapy can be considered in patients who meet criteria for surgery but in whom it is refused or medically contraindicated. To increase BMD, BPs are effective. To reduce the serum calcium cinacalcet is effective.

• #27 Secondary Hyperparathyroidism | National Kidney Foundation

  https://www.kidney.org/kidney-topics/secondary-hyperparathyroidism

  Secondary hyperparathyroidism can cause bone disease. […] There are several treatments for secondary hyperparathyroidism including drugs, surgery (an operation), and controlling your blood phosphorus levels. […] There are three (3) types of drugs for secondary hyperparathyroidism: vitamin D supplements, active vitamin D (or vitamin D analogs) and cinacalcet. […] Cinacalcet is a medicine that acts directly on the parathyroid glands to lower blood PTH. […] Parathyroidectomy is an operation that removes the parathyroid glands. […] Since high blood phosphorus levels increase the release of PTH, it is important to keep your blood phosphorus in normal range using diet and phosphate binders.

• #28 Hyperparathyroidism Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/condition/hyperparathyroidism

  Your provider may prescribe the following medicines: Calcimimetic medicines, such as cinacalcet, to decrease the PTH production; Calcitonin by injection, to decrease calcium levels in blood; Bisphosphonates, such as zoledronate and alendronate, to lower calcium levels; Estrogen modulators, such as raloxifene, to increase bone density and decrease calcium levels in blood.

• #29 Hyperparathyroidism – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hyperparathyroidism/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356199

  Treatment options for primary hyperparathyroidism can include watchful waiting, surgery and medications. […] Surgery is the most common treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism and provides a cure in most cases. A surgeon will remove only those glands that are enlarged or have a tumor. […] Medications to treat hyperparathyroidism include the following: […] A calcimimetic is a drug that mimics calcium circulating in the blood. The drug may trick the parathyroid glands into releasing less parathyroid hormone. This drug is sold as cinacalcet (Sensipar). […] Hormone replacement therapy may help bones keep calcium. However, this treatment doesn’t address the underlying problems with the parathyroid glands. […] Bisphosphonates also prevent the loss of calcium from bones and may lessen osteoporosis caused by hyperparathyroidism.

• #30 Medication for Hyperparathyroidism | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/hyperparathyroidism/treatments/medication-for-hyperparathyroidism

  NYU Langone doctors manage hyperparathyroidism based on the severity of the condition. They consider calcium levels, kidney function, and whether hyperparathyroidism is causing complications, such as osteoporosis or kidney stones. […] If you have mild hyperparathyroidism, your doctor may choose to observe and monitor the condition called watchful waiting and suggest measures to limit bone loss, including osteoporosis medication if needed. […] They may also prescribe medication or vitamin D supplements to lower parathyroid hormone levels in people with secondary hyperparathyroidism. […] Our doctors may recommend the use of cinacalcet for secondary hyperparathyroidism if you have kidney disease that is being treated with dialysis. […] Taken daily by mouth, cinacalcet belongs to a class of medications known as calcimimetics. These medications reduce the amount of parathyroid hormone produced by the body. As a result, they also lower levels of calcium. […] If you have secondary hyperparathyroidism due to a vitamin D deficiency, your doctor may prescribe vitamin D supplements. These are taken by mouth daily or weekly, sometimes in high doses.

• #31 Primary Hyperparathyroidism – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/endocrine-diseases/primary-hyperparathyroidism

  How do doctors treat primary hyperparathyroidism? […] Guidelines help doctors to decide whether or not parathyroid surgery should be recommended. You might be a candidate for surgery if you meet any of these guidelines […] Doctors most often recommend parathyroid surgery, particularly if the patient meets one or more of the guidelines noted above. It is also not inappropriate to recommend surgery in those who do not meet guidelines as long as there are no medical contraindications to surgery. […] Surgery to remove the overactive parathyroid gland or glands is the only sure way to cure primary hyperparathyroidism. […] When performed by experienced surgeons, surgery almost always cures primary hyperparathyroidism. […] Some people who have mild primary hyperparathyroidism may not need surgery right away, or even any surgery, and can be safely monitored. […] Cinacalcet is a medicine that decreases the amount of PTH the parathyroid glands make and lowers calcium levels in the blood. Doctors may prescribe cinacalcet to treat very high calcium levels in people with primary hyperparathyroidism who cant have surgery.

• #32 Secondary hyperparathyroidism: causes, symptoms and treatment

  https://www.kidneyresearchuk.org/conditions-symptoms/secondary-hyperparathyroidism/

  Treatment for secondary hyperparathyroidism includes: […] Surgery to remove the parathyroid glands, either completely or leaving a small amount of gland in place […] A newer class of drugs called calcimimetics (cinacalcet, etelcalcitide) that mimic the action of calcium on tissues and suppress the production of PTH. […] Parathyroid gland removal is an effective treatment, but comes with associated surgical risks and will need life-long drug therapy to control calcium levels post-surgery. […] Dietary controls and the use of phosphate binders and calcimimetics are less invasive but this is a life-long treatment that can be associated with side effects. […] NICE approved Etalcacetide as an option for treating secondary hyperparathyroidism.

• #33 Hyperparathyroidism – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hyperparathyroidism/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356199

  Treatment options for primary hyperparathyroidism can include watchful waiting, surgery and medications. […] Surgery is the most common treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism and provides a cure in most cases. A surgeon will remove only those glands that are enlarged or have a tumor. […] Medications to treat hyperparathyroidism include the following: […] A calcimimetic is a drug that mimics calcium circulating in the blood. The drug may trick the parathyroid glands into releasing less parathyroid hormone. This drug is sold as cinacalcet (Sensipar). […] Hormone replacement therapy may help bones keep calcium. However, this treatment doesn’t address the underlying problems with the parathyroid glands. […] Bisphosphonates also prevent the loss of calcium from bones and may lessen osteoporosis caused by hyperparathyroidism.

• #34 Hyperparathyroidism: Background, Anatomy and Embryology, Primary Hyperparathyroidism

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/766906-treatment

  Patients who do not undergo surgery require long-term monitoring. Recommendations include annual serum calcium and 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations; measurement of parathyroid hormone levels can be performed as clinically indicated. […] Bisphosphonates, in particular alendronate, have been shown to improve the BMD at the spine and hip, in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. […] Treatment with a bisphosphonate such as alendronate can be considered in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and low BMD who cannot, or will not, undergo surgery. […] Total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation or subtotal parathyroidectomy is indicated for tertiary hyperparathyroidism.

• #35 List of 8 Secondary Hyperparathyroidism Medications Compared

  https://www.drugs.com/condition/secondary-hyperparathyroidism.html

  The medications listed below are related to or used in the treatment of this condition. […] The parathyroids are four glands in the neck that produce parathyroid hormone to help control calcium metabolism. Excessive production of this hormone caused by increased activity of these glands is known as hyperparathyroidism. When this occurs in response to low blood calcium caused by another condition, the condition is called secondary hyperparathyroidism. […] Drugs used to treat Secondary Hyperparathyroidism. […] Sensipar […] cinacalcet to treat Secondary Hyperparathyroidism. […] paricalcitol […] Zemplar […] Hectorol […] doxercalciferol […] Rocaltrol.

• #36 Medication for Hyperparathyroidism | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/hyperparathyroidism/treatments/medication-for-hyperparathyroidism

  NYU Langone doctors manage hyperparathyroidism based on the severity of the condition. They consider calcium levels, kidney function, and whether hyperparathyroidism is causing complications, such as osteoporosis or kidney stones. […] If you have mild hyperparathyroidism, your doctor may choose to observe and monitor the condition called watchful waiting and suggest measures to limit bone loss, including osteoporosis medication if needed. […] They may also prescribe medication or vitamin D supplements to lower parathyroid hormone levels in people with secondary hyperparathyroidism. […] Our doctors may recommend the use of cinacalcet for secondary hyperparathyroidism if you have kidney disease that is being treated with dialysis. […] Taken daily by mouth, cinacalcet belongs to a class of medications known as calcimimetics. These medications reduce the amount of parathyroid hormone produced by the body. As a result, they also lower levels of calcium. […] If you have secondary hyperparathyroidism due to a vitamin D deficiency, your doctor may prescribe vitamin D supplements. These are taken by mouth daily or weekly, sometimes in high doses.

• #37 Medication for Hyperparathyroidism | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/hyperparathyroidism/treatments/medication-for-hyperparathyroidism

  NYU Langone doctors manage hyperparathyroidism based on the severity of the condition. They consider calcium levels, kidney function, and whether hyperparathyroidism is causing complications, such as osteoporosis or kidney stones. […] If you have mild hyperparathyroidism, your doctor may choose to observe and monitor the condition called watchful waiting and suggest measures to limit bone loss, including osteoporosis medication if needed. […] They may also prescribe medication or vitamin D supplements to lower parathyroid hormone levels in people with secondary hyperparathyroidism. […] Our doctors may recommend the use of cinacalcet for secondary hyperparathyroidism if you have kidney disease that is being treated with dialysis. […] Taken daily by mouth, cinacalcet belongs to a class of medications known as calcimimetics. These medications reduce the amount of parathyroid hormone produced by the body. As a result, they also lower levels of calcium. […] If you have secondary hyperparathyroidism due to a vitamin D deficiency, your doctor may prescribe vitamin D supplements. These are taken by mouth daily or weekly, sometimes in high doses.

• #38 Hyperparathyroidism Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/condition/hyperparathyroidism

  Your provider may prescribe the following medicines: Calcimimetic medicines, such as cinacalcet, to decrease the PTH production; Calcitonin by injection, to decrease calcium levels in blood; Bisphosphonates, such as zoledronate and alendronate, to lower calcium levels; Estrogen modulators, such as raloxifene, to increase bone density and decrease calcium levels in blood.

• #39 Hyperparathyroidism – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hyperparathyroidism/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356199

  Treatment options for primary hyperparathyroidism can include watchful waiting, surgery and medications. […] Surgery is the most common treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism and provides a cure in most cases. A surgeon will remove only those glands that are enlarged or have a tumor. […] Medications to treat hyperparathyroidism include the following: […] A calcimimetic is a drug that mimics calcium circulating in the blood. The drug may trick the parathyroid glands into releasing less parathyroid hormone. This drug is sold as cinacalcet (Sensipar). […] Hormone replacement therapy may help bones keep calcium. However, this treatment doesn’t address the underlying problems with the parathyroid glands. […] Bisphosphonates also prevent the loss of calcium from bones and may lessen osteoporosis caused by hyperparathyroidism.

• #40 Hyperparathyroidism | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/0115/p333.html

  Parathyroidectomy is the definitive treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism. When performed by experienced endocrine surgeons, this procedure has reported success rates of 90 to 95 percent with low complication rates. Parathyroidectomy should be offered to patients who are symptomatic and patients who meet the criteria for surgery established by the 2002 NIH consensus panel. […] Asymptomatic patients who meet the criteria suggested by the NIH guidelines may be candidates for medical monitoring rather than surgical intervention with parathyroidectomy. Commitment to conscientious, long-term medical monitoring at least semiannually is essential. Recommended surveillance includes biannual measurement of serum calcium levels, annual measurement of serum creatinine levels, and annual bone density testing. […] Currently, no medical therapies are available to effectively cure primary hyperparathyroidism. In postmenopausal women, estrogen may reduce PTH-stimulated bone resorption. The effects of newer oral bisphosphonates, calcimimetics, and raloxifene are being studied.

• #41 What Is Hyperparathyroidism? What Causes It?

  https://www.webmd.com/women/what-is-hyperparathyroidism

  If youre not a candidate for surgery, you might just need: Routine exams by your doctor, Blood tests, Bone density tests. […] Not everyone with hyperparathyroidism needs treatment. This may be the case if: Your kidneys are still working well, You dont have any kidney stones, Your calcium levels aren’t too high, You dont have osteoporosis, You dont have any other symptoms that require treatment. […] If you do need medications, your doctor may prescribe one or more of these: Calcimimetics, Hormone replacement therapy (HRT), Bisphosphonates. […] If you have secondary hyperparathyroidism, your doctor may recommend supplements of vitamin D and calcium. Medications used to directly treat secondary hyperparathyroidism are calcimimetics, usually with vitamin D supplements. Your doctor might prescribe a phosphate binder such as calcium carbonate, to restore normal levels of calcium, phosphorus, and parathyroid hormone. […] If medicine cant manage your symptoms, you and your doctor may consider surgery to remove your parathyroid glands.

• #42 Hyperparathyroidism: Background, Anatomy and Embryology, Primary Hyperparathyroidism

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/766906-treatment

  Patients who do not undergo surgery require long-term monitoring. Recommendations include annual serum calcium and 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations; measurement of parathyroid hormone levels can be performed as clinically indicated. […] Bisphosphonates, in particular alendronate, have been shown to improve the BMD at the spine and hip, in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. […] Treatment with a bisphosphonate such as alendronate can be considered in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and low BMD who cannot, or will not, undergo surgery. […] Total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation or subtotal parathyroidectomy is indicated for tertiary hyperparathyroidism.

• #43 Hyperparathyroidism: Causes, Types, Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/endocrine-health/hyperparathyroidism

  Some people with this condition do not experience any symptoms and may not need treatment. Others have mild or severe symptoms that may require surgery. […] The treatment for hyperparathyroidism may vary depending on the cause and severity of your symptoms. […] You might not need treatment if your kidneys are working fine, if your calcium levels are only slightly high, if your bone density is within typical levels. In this case, a doctor may use yearly blood tests to monitor your kidney health and calcium levels. […] If treatment is necessary, a doctor may recommend: […] Surgical procedures involve removing enlarged parathyroid glands or tumors on the glands. Complications are rare and include damaged vocal cord nerves and long-term, low calcium levels. […] If you are unable to have surgery, a doctor may recommend certain medications. Calcimimetics act like calcium in the blood and cause your glands to make less PTH. Bisphophonates keep your bones from losing calcium and can help reduce your risk of osteoporosis.

• #44 Secondary Hyperparathyroidism: Pathophysiology and Treatment | American Board of Family Medicine

  https://www.jabfm.org/content/22/5/574

  Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a frequently encountered problem in the management of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). […] The treatment remains a challenge for patients and their clinicians. It should include a combination of dietary phosphorus restriction, phosphate binders, vitamin D analogues, and calcimimetics. […] The management of secondary hyperparathyroidism should be started at the beginning of CKD stage III (estimated GFR, 60 mL/min). It is a complex process that requires good communication between the nephrologist, the dietitian, and the patient. […] The treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism basically consists of a low phosphorus diet, phosphate binders, vitamin D derivatives, calcimimetics, and even parathyroidectomy. […] Phosphate binders are the mainstay of therapy for secondary hyperparathyroidism.

• #45 SciELO Brazil – Treatment of Hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) Treatment of Hyperparathyroidism (SHPT)

  https://www.scielo.br/j/jbn/a/dkSkRmkNGX9qkqTq9XbmTQm/?lang=en

  1.3 For patients with persistently elevated PTH levels, despite correction of the parameters mentioned in sub-item 1.2, treatment with calcitriol, at an initial dose of 0.25-0.5 mcg/day, should be considered (Evidence). […] 2.1 For patients with PTH progressively elevated, even if within the target level, or above 9 times the reference value for the method, Ca and P control measures and the use of vitamin D analogues (such as paricalcitol) and/or calcimimetics (such as cinacalcet) should be implemented (Evidence). […] Patients treated with paricalcitol who develop hypercalcemia and/or hyperphosphatemia should have the medication dose reduced or suspended and, if necessary, cinacalcet added to the therapeutic regimen (Evidence). […] Patients who do not respond to pharmacological treatment of SHPT, with paricalcitol and/or cinacalcet, should be referred for parathyroidectomy (Evidence).

• #46 Parathyroid Disorders | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2022/0300/p289.html

  Medical management of primary hyperparathyroidism can be considered to improve bone mineral density and/or reduce calcium in patients who are not candidates for surgery. […] Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a result of alterations in calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D regulation from nonparathyroid causes that lead to elevated PTH levels. […] Management of secondary hyperparathyroidism is important for prevention of bone and cardiovascular diseases. […] Initial treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism is focused on treating underlying causes and can include calcium replacement, vitamin D replacement, and reduction of high phosphate levels, with the goal of avoiding severe hyperphosphatemia and hypercalcemia, which have been associated with increased mortality. […] After management of calcium, vitamin D, and phosphate levels, calcimimetic agents (which reduce secretion of PTH by binding to the CASR) and vitamin D analogues may be considered for reduction of persistently elevated PTH levels in adults with stage 4 or 5 CKD and severe, progressive hyperparathyroidism. […] In patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism who are undergoing dialysis, parathyroidectomy improves hypercalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, bone mineral density, and health-related quality of life and is associated with 15% to 57% greater survival.

• #47 Non Surgical Treatment for Hyperparathyroidism I OCC clinic

  https://rfathyroidtn.com/hyperparathyroidism-treatment-without-surgery/

  4- Various Medications can be recommended by your physician or endocrinologist to lessen your symptoms and stop the bone loss. These medications can be used particularly if surgery hasn’t successfully cured the disorder. It can be used if the patient is found to be ineligible or refused either surgery or RFA. […] There are two minimally invasive procedures which have a role in managing patients HPT: RFA: A promising and an effective non-surgical alternative for managing parathyroid adenomas, postoperative recurrent adenoma and treating high PTH, especially in patients who are not eligible for parathyroid surgery. […] Ethanol ablation/ Sclerotherapy: Is another non-surgical alternative for treating parathyroid cyst. Under ultrasound guidance and using a thin needle; a high grade medical alcohol gets injected into the cyst.

• #48 Non Surgical Treatment for Hyperparathyroidism I OCC clinic

  https://rfathyroidtn.com/hyperparathyroidism-treatment-without-surgery/

  Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) is a very safe procedure with minimal risk. […] Learn more about the treatment of parathyroid without surgery by performing Radiofrequency ablation treatment. […] The RFA procedure is approximately 30-45 minutes long, depending on your nodule size. […] You can go to work or resume your normal activity the next day. […] RFA treatment for your parathyroid disorder is performed by our experienced physicians. We provide a nonsurgical alternative for primary hyperparathyroidism treatment and parathyroid adenoma treatment that’s performed by our experienced providers.

• #49 Non Surgical Treatment for Hyperparathyroidism I OCC clinic

  https://rfathyroidtn.com/hyperparathyroidism-treatment-without-surgery/

  4- Various Medications can be recommended by your physician or endocrinologist to lessen your symptoms and stop the bone loss. These medications can be used particularly if surgery hasn’t successfully cured the disorder. It can be used if the patient is found to be ineligible or refused either surgery or RFA. […] There are two minimally invasive procedures which have a role in managing patients HPT: RFA: A promising and an effective non-surgical alternative for managing parathyroid adenomas, postoperative recurrent adenoma and treating high PTH, especially in patients who are not eligible for parathyroid surgery. […] Ethanol ablation/ Sclerotherapy: Is another non-surgical alternative for treating parathyroid cyst. Under ultrasound guidance and using a thin needle; a high grade medical alcohol gets injected into the cyst.

• #50 Interventional Treatment of Hyperparathyroidism | SpringerLink

  https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-87189-5_17

  Jiang T, Chen F, Zhou X, Hu Y, Zhao Q. Percutaneous ultrasound-guided laser ablation with contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for hyperfunctioning parathyroid adenoma: a preliminary case series. Int J Endocrinol. 2015;2015:673604. […] Zhuo L, Zhang L, Peng LL, et al. Microwave ablation of hyperplastic parathyroid glands is a treatment option for end-stage renal disease patients ineligible for surgical resection. Int J Hyperth. 2019;36(1):2935. […] Gong L, Tang W, Lu J, et al. Thermal ablation versus parathyroidectomy for secondary hyperparathyroidism: a meta-analysis. Int J Surg. 2019;70:138.

• #51 Interventional Treatment of Hyperparathyroidism | SpringerLink

  https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-87189-5_17

  Jiang T, Chen F, Zhou X, Hu Y, Zhao Q. Percutaneous ultrasound-guided laser ablation with contrast-enhanced ultrasonography for hyperfunctioning parathyroid adenoma: a preliminary case series. Int J Endocrinol. 2015;2015:673604. […] Zhuo L, Zhang L, Peng LL, et al. Microwave ablation of hyperplastic parathyroid glands is a treatment option for end-stage renal disease patients ineligible for surgical resection. Int J Hyperth. 2019;36(1):2935. […] Gong L, Tang W, Lu J, et al. Thermal ablation versus parathyroidectomy for secondary hyperparathyroidism: a meta-analysis. Int J Surg. 2019;70:138.

• #52 Hyperparathyroidism (primary) NICE guideline: diagnosis, assessment, and initial management | British Journal of General Practice

  https://bjgp.org/content/70/696/362

  This article summarises the new National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline for the diagnosis, assessment, and initial management of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). […] Surgical management is the primary treatment option. If surgery is unsuitable, declined, or unsuccessful, secondary care specialists may consider non-surgical management with calcimimetics depending on the albumin-adjusted serum calcium levels and whether the patient has symptoms of hypercalcaemia. […] Patients who have had successful parathyroid surgery require their albumin-adjusted serum calcium to be measured once a year, and if abnormal then the diagnostic pathway detailed above should be followed. […] Pregnant women with PHPT should be managed by a specialist multidisciplinary team and are at an increased risk of hypertensive disease in pregnancy.

• #53 Hyperparathyroidism in children | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/hyperparathyroidism-children

  Specific treatment for hyperparathyroidism will be determined by your child’s doctor in consultation with you. […] Treatment may include: […] Surgical removal of parathyroid tissue to bring hormone production to normal levels […] Medication, such as cinacalcet and bisphosphonates, in rare cases when surgery is not indicated. […] Lifestyle changes, including regular exercise and increased fluid intake, may be recommended to complement medical treatment.

• #54 Hyperparathyroidism: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14454-hyperparathyroidism

  Kidney transplant improves secondary hyperparathyroidism in about 40% of people within a year. […] Studies suggest that, of people who dont have symptoms of primary hyperparathyroidism at the time of their diagnosis, about 25% (1 out of 4) will eventually need surgery. […] Parathyroid surgery can cure hyperparathyroidism, and many people can manage hyperparathyroidism without surgery and may never develop symptoms.

• #55 Parathyroidectomy: What It Is, Side Effects & Recovery

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/7015-parathyroid-surgery

  Parathyroidectomy (parathyroid surgery) refers to removal of one or more parathyroid glands. Healthcare providers use this procedure to treat primary hyperparathyroidism. They may also recommend parathyroid surgery to treat secondary hyperparathyroidism when nonsurgical treatments dont work. […] You might need parathyroidectomy surgery if you have hyperparathyroidism when one or more of your parathyroid glands makes too much parathyroid hormone (PTH). […] Parathyroidectomy can improve your quality of life in many ways. By returning your blood calcium levels to a healthy range, this procedure can reduce or eliminate symptoms of hyperparathyroidism, like: Joint pain, Muscle weakness, Nausea, Fatigue, Foggy mind. […] Parathyroidectomy has impressive success rates (over 95%) in treating hyperparathyroidism. In fact, its the only available cure for the condition. Research indicates that less than 2% of people who undergo parathyroidectomy develop recurrence (return) of hyperparathyroidism. […] Parathyroidectomy is a common, minimally invasive procedure that can improve (and in many cases, cure) hyperparathyroidism.

• #56 Parathyroidectomy: What It Is, Side Effects & Recovery

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/7015-parathyroid-surgery

  Parathyroidectomy (parathyroid surgery) refers to removal of one or more parathyroid glands. Healthcare providers use this procedure to treat primary hyperparathyroidism. They may also recommend parathyroid surgery to treat secondary hyperparathyroidism when nonsurgical treatments dont work. […] You might need parathyroidectomy surgery if you have hyperparathyroidism when one or more of your parathyroid glands makes too much parathyroid hormone (PTH). […] Parathyroidectomy can improve your quality of life in many ways. By returning your blood calcium levels to a healthy range, this procedure can reduce or eliminate symptoms of hyperparathyroidism, like: Joint pain, Muscle weakness, Nausea, Fatigue, Foggy mind. […] Parathyroidectomy has impressive success rates (over 95%) in treating hyperparathyroidism. In fact, its the only available cure for the condition. Research indicates that less than 2% of people who undergo parathyroidectomy develop recurrence (return) of hyperparathyroidism. […] Parathyroidectomy is a common, minimally invasive procedure that can improve (and in many cases, cure) hyperparathyroidism.

• #57 Hyperparathyroidism: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14454-hyperparathyroidism

  Kidney transplant improves secondary hyperparathyroidism in about 40% of people within a year. […] Studies suggest that, of people who dont have symptoms of primary hyperparathyroidism at the time of their diagnosis, about 25% (1 out of 4) will eventually need surgery. […] Parathyroid surgery can cure hyperparathyroidism, and many people can manage hyperparathyroidism without surgery and may never develop symptoms.

• #58 Hyperparathyroidism > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/hyperparathyroidism

  Surgery is not needed to treat secondary hyperparathyroidism. […] Medication. Some people who would benefit from surgery but cannot have the procedure may be prescribed medication, such as cinacalcet, which can lower PTH and calcium levels in the blood. Bisphosphonates, which increase bone density, may also be prescribed. […] Medical management of asymptomatic hyperparathyroidism is an effective way to help control the condition. When people need surgery to remove one or more parathyroid glands, the procedure is successful in 94% of cases.

• #59 Hyperparathyroidism: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14454-hyperparathyroidism

  Kidney transplant improves secondary hyperparathyroidism in about 40% of people within a year. […] Studies suggest that, of people who dont have symptoms of primary hyperparathyroidism at the time of their diagnosis, about 25% (1 out of 4) will eventually need surgery. […] Parathyroid surgery can cure hyperparathyroidism, and many people can manage hyperparathyroidism without surgery and may never develop symptoms.

• #60 Hyperparathyroidism | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/0115/p333.html

  Parathyroidectomy is the definitive treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism. When performed by experienced endocrine surgeons, this procedure has reported success rates of 90 to 95 percent with low complication rates. Parathyroidectomy should be offered to patients who are symptomatic and patients who meet the criteria for surgery established by the 2002 NIH consensus panel. […] Asymptomatic patients who meet the criteria suggested by the NIH guidelines may be candidates for medical monitoring rather than surgical intervention with parathyroidectomy. Commitment to conscientious, long-term medical monitoring at least semiannually is essential. Recommended surveillance includes biannual measurement of serum calcium levels, annual measurement of serum creatinine levels, and annual bone density testing. […] Currently, no medical therapies are available to effectively cure primary hyperparathyroidism. In postmenopausal women, estrogen may reduce PTH-stimulated bone resorption. The effects of newer oral bisphosphonates, calcimimetics, and raloxifene are being studied.

• #61 Hyperparathyroidism | Northwestern Medicine

  https://www.nm.org/conditions-and-care-areas/thyroid/hyperparathyroidism

  Primary hyperparathyroidism is typically treated by removing only the parathyroid glands that are enlarged or contain a tumor. If all four glands are affected, your surgeon may remove only three glands and part of the fourth to leave as much parathyroid function as possible. […] There are no medications that can treat primary hyperparathyroidism. Medications such as calcimimetics (like Sensipar) that cause the parathyroid glands to produce less PTH can be used for patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism due to kidney failure. […] Your doctor may also recommend lifestyle changes such as monitoring your calcium intake, drinking water to prevent kidney stones, exercising regularly and quitting smoking to help prevent bone loss.

• #62 Treatment for Hyperparathyroidism | Stanford Health Care

  https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-conditions/bones-joints-and-muscles/hyperparathyroidism/treatments.html

  Treatment for hyperparathyroidism depends on how mild or severe it is. It also depends on what you and your doctor decide is right for you. […] Treatment options include: Watchful waiting. […] Surgery. When hyperparathyroidism is causing health problems from high calcium levels, doctors usually recommend surgery. Removing the problem parathyroid gland(s) is the only treatment that can cure this condition. […] While medicine can’t cure hyperparathyroidism, it may help with symptoms from high calcium or with bone strength. […] Each treatment choice has its own risks and benefits. Make sure you understand the possible benefits, along with which risks are greatest for you. […] Is there a medicine that can help me? If so, what benefits might it offer? What are the possible risks?

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