Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hyperparathyroidism/

  Hyperparathyroidism affects people differently. Some people have mild or no symptoms, while others have many. […] The symptoms may not relate to the level of calcium in your blood. For example, some people with a slightly raised calcium level may have symptoms, while others with high calcium levels may have few or no symptoms at all. […] A diagnosis may be missed or delayed because there are no symptoms or they are vague, like feeling tired, and thought to be caused by another condition. […] Possible signs of hyperparathyroidism include: depression, tiredness, feeling thirsty and peeing a lot, feeling sick and losing your appetite, muscle weakness, constipation, tummy pain, loss of concentration, mild confusion. […] If hyperparathyroidism is not treated, it can lead to high blood calcium levels (hypercalcaemia), which may cause: being sick (vomiting), drowsiness, dehydration, confusion, muscle spasms, bone pain or tenderness, joint pain, irregular heartbeat, high blood pressure (hypertension).

• #1 Patient education: Primary hyperparathyroidism (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/primary-hyperparathyroidism-beyond-the-basics

  Approximately 80 percent of people with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) have few or no obvious symptoms. In these people, PHPT is typically diagnosed after an elevated calcium is detected when a blood test is done for some other reason. Most often, the calcium level is only mildly elevated or is elevated intermittently. People with both longstanding vitamin D deficiency and PHPT often have more symptoms. […] Symptoms become more noticeable as the parathyroid hormone (PTH) and blood calcium levels rise. At higher levels of PTH and blood calcium, there may be a significant loss of appetite, nausea, constipation, excessive thirst, or frequent urination. In addition, a person may develop: […] Parathyroid crisis is a rare condition that sometimes occurs when people with PHPT experience another illness, like a viral infection that causes vomiting or diarrhea, which leads to excessive fluid loss or severely limits fluid intake.

• #1 Uncommon Symptoms of Mild Primary Hyperparathyroidism | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/1999/0415/p2294.html

  The diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) present a problem for physicians because patients are often asymptomatic and show few signs of complications resulting from the disease. […] Lundgren and colleagues sought to identify some of the less common symptoms associated with primary HPT, including psychiatric complaints, evidence of bone loss and incidence of cardiovascular disease, in post-menopausal women who were diagnosed after initial screening for hypercalcemia. […] However, data from the survey instruments indicated that women in the HPT group cited fatigue, daytime sleepiness, muscle weakness and lack of emotional and sexual interest more often than women in the control group. […] The authors conclude that women with mild asymptomatic primary HPT have significant psychiatric and somatic symptoms that, in most patients, either are unrecognized or are attributed to other causes. In addition, these women have significant bone loss and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, based on changes in their lipid profiles, compared with women in the control group.

• #1 Symptoms and Signs of Hyperparathyroidism: Treatment

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/hyperparathyroidism/symptom.htm

  Symptoms of hyperparathyroidism are due to elevated calcium levels (hypercalcemia) so the symptoms are the same as those of hypercalcemia including high blood pressure (hypertension). Symptoms are often described as „moans, stones, groans, and bones.” […] Moans symptoms refer to gastrointestinal conditions including abdominal pain, constipation, decreased appetite, nausea, and peptic ulcer disease. […] Stones symptoms refer to kidney-related conditions and include flank pain, frequent urination, and kidney stones. […] Groans symptoms refer to psychological conditions and include confusion, dementia, depression, and memory loss. […] Bones symptoms refer to bone pain and bone-related conditions including bone aches and pains, curving of the spine and loss of height, and fractures. […] Primary hyperparathyroidism is a disorder that occurs when one or more of the parathyroid glands becomes overactive and secretes excess parathyroid hormone, causing high blood calcium levels (hypercalcemia). In secondary hyperparathyroidism, the parathyroid glands function normally, and are secreting extra hormones in response to low blood calcium levels in the body, caused by other health conditions such as kidney failure.

• #1 Symptoms of Hyperparathyroidism and Symptoms of Parathyroid Disease.

  https://www.parathyroid.com/parathyroid-symptoms.htm

  The number one symptom that people with hyperparathyroidism complain about is fatigue. Just over 82% of our last 28,000 patients said this was their main problem. […] Osteoporosis caused by parathyroid disease causes bone fractures. Patients with persistently elevated calcium levels due to overproduction of parathyroid hormone can also have complaints of bone pain. […] Another frequent symptom of parathyroid disease is depression. Just under 48% of our last 22,000 patients were either diagnosed with „depression” or were put on an anti-depressant within the previous 2 years. […] High blood pressure is another symptom of hyperparathyroidism. As many as 75% of patients with parathyroid disease will have high blood pressure (hypertension). […] Another common presentation for persistently elevated calcium levels due to parathyroid disease is the development of kidney stones.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hyperparathyroidism/symptoms-causes/syc-20356194

  Primary hyperparathyroidism is often diagnosed before signs or symptoms of the disorder occur. This is usually because an elevated level of calcium is found on routine blood tests. When symptoms do occur, they’re the result of damage or dysfunction in other organs or tissues. This damage or dysfunction is due to high calcium levels in the blood and urine or too little calcium in bones. […] Symptoms may be so mild and nonspecific that they don’t seem related to parathyroid function, or they may be severe. The range of signs and symptoms include: […] Weak bones that break easily (osteoporosis) […] Kidney stones […] Excessive urination […] Stomach (abdominal) pain […] Tiring easily or weakness […] Depression or forgetfulness […] Bone and joint pain […] Frequent complaints of illness with no clear cause […] Nausea, vomiting or loss of appetite.

• #1 Symptoms of Hyperparathyroidism – CalciumPro

  http://calciumpro.com/symptoms-of-hyperparathyroidism/

  Hyperparathyroidism can show up differently in different people. Sometimes it makes people miserable within the first year or two of having high blood calcium. Other times it can go 4-5 years without causing too many problems other than fatigue, bad memory, kidney stones, and osteoporosis. There is increasing evidence that watching or monitoring high calcium and hyperparathyroidism will often cause multiple progressive health problems that can occasionally lead to early death. […] 90% of people with hyperparathyroidism will have 6 or more of these symptoms. In general, the longer you have hyperparathyroidism, the more symptoms you will develop, and the worse they become. […] Fatigue is the most common symptom of primary hyperparathyroidism (85% of patients). Often these patients say: Im tired of being tired. This fatigue usually resolves within a few days or weeks following successful parathyroid surgery and the disease is cured. Almost all of the symptoms of hyperparathyroidism will improve or go away after successful parathyroid surgery in most people. Often, the changes in peoples lives are dramatic.

• #1 Parathyroid glands | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/parathyroid-glands

  Around one in every 2,000 people has overactive parathyroids, or hyperparathyroidism. Women aged 50 years and over are more likely to develop the condition. The glands make too much hormone and allow the calcium levels in the blood to rise. Meanwhile, the bones are robbed of vital calcium and the kidneys are placed under great strain. Up to 50 per cent of patients with hyperparathyroidism present with symptoms due to kidney stones. Symptoms of hyperparathyroidism may include: […] Pain in the bones and joints […] Increased susceptibility to bone fractures […] Shrinking height […] Backache […] Muscle aches […] Thirst […] Frequent urination […] Abdominal pain […] Fatigue […] Nausea […] Loss of appetite […] Depression and other personality changes. […] Complications caused by untreated parathyroid disorders can include:

• #1 Primary Hyperparathyroidism – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441895/

  Long-term studies have determined that laboratory values remain relatively stable for approximately 80% of patients with mild, asymptomatic hyperparathyroidism, but bone mineral density declines over time. […] Complications of primary hyperparathyroidism include loss of bone mineral density, fractures, bone pain, hungry bone syndrome, gastrointestinal disturbances, neuropsychiatric complaints, nephrocalcinosis, and a higher risk of nephrolithiasis.

• #1 Normocalcemic Primary Hyperparathyroidism – Endocrine Surgery | UCLA Health

  https://www.uclahealth.org/medical-services/surgery/endocrine-surgery/conditions-treated/parathyroid/normocalcemic-primary-hyperparathyroidism

  Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (nPHPT) is suspected when patients calcium level is within the normal range, but parathyroid hormone level is too high. […] Normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism (nPHPT) is hypothesized to be an early type of primary hyperparathyroidism. […] Primary hyperparathyroidism is typically diagnosed when patients are found to have high blood calcium during routine checkups. However, nPHPT cannot be detected through high blood calcium lab results, because these patients have normal calcium levels. Patients with nPHPT are often uncovered during work up for osteoporosis or low bone mineral density. […] Nearly half of patients diagnosed with normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism have been found to have osteoporosis. […] Therefore, normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism may cause bone loss.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism – myDr.com.au

  https://mydr.com.au/first-aid-self-care/hyperparathyroidism/

  Hyperparathyroidism is a condition where the parathyroid glands (found in your neck) make too much parathyroid hormone. […] There may be no symptoms at all in the initial stages. Hyperparathyroidism is often diagnosed on the basis of an abnormal calcium result from a routine blood test. […] Symptoms, when they do occur, can be mild to start with, and include aches and pains or mild weakness and fatigue. Symptoms and signs are the result of the effect of calcium on the body. […] The kidneys are often affected, with the person passing large amounts of urine and feeling thirsty all the time. In about one-third of cases the high calcium levels will produce kidney stones, which can be very painful and can cause blood in the urine. […] High blood pressure can be present. […] Muscles are affected, aching legs and sore shins being common complaints. There may be generalised weakness and backache.

• #1 Normocalcemic Primary Hyperparathyroidism – Endocrine Surgery | UCLA Health

  https://www.uclahealth.org/medical-services/surgery/endocrine-surgery/conditions-treated/parathyroid/normocalcemic-primary-hyperparathyroidism

  Current research tells us that 4-35% of patients normocalcemic primary hyperparathyroidism have kidney stones. […] About 15% of people seem to progress to primary hyperparathyroidism and develop high blood calcium levels; these patients ultimately need surgery. […] After successful surgery, bone mineral density improves in approximately half of patients with nPHPT. […] At present there is no compelling evidence that non-specific symptoms (i.e. fatigue, lethargy, depression, forgetfulness, vague abdominal pain, loss of appetite) improve after parathyroid surgery for nPHPT. […] Bone loss related to nPHPT may also be treated with medications used to treat osteopenia and osteoporosis.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism, A Forgotten Cause of Musculoskeletal Pain | Reumatología Clínica

  https://www.reumatologiaclinica.org/en-hyperparathyroidism-a-forgotten-cause-musculoskeletal-articulo-S2173574312000937

  Other clinical manifestations are at the neuromuscular level, paresthesias and cramps. The improvement of symptoms after excision of the adenoma suggests the causal relationship with hyperparathyroidism. […] In conclusion, we believe that routine determination of serum calcium and phosphorus should be performed in patients with generalized pain syndromes in which fibromyalgia or polymyalgia rheumatica is suspected.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism and Neurological Conditions | Dr. Babak Larian

  https://www.hyperparathyroidmd.com/hyperparathyroidism-and-neurological-conditions/

  Changes in cognitive function can be frightening, especially when you don’t know the cause. Patients with undiagnosed hyperparathyroidism commonly experience short-term memory loss and an inability to concentrate. […] High calcium caused by hyperparathyroidism can also affect the brain, leading to these symptoms: Brain fog, Fatigue, Confusion, Difficulty concentrating, Memory loss. […] More than 80% of patients with hyperparathyroidism report concentration and memory problems. […] The first symptoms patients often notice with hyperparathyroidism are fatigue and memory issues, which they usually describe as “brain fog.” […] Nearly three-fourths of patients diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism experience depression, and more than two-thirds report symptoms of anxiety. […] If hyperparathyroidism is left untreated, symptoms like cognitive decline can worsen. Unchecked hyperparathyroidism can lead to severe medical conditions, including: Ongoing memory loss and cognitive decline, Worsening anxiety and depression symptoms.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism – Atlanta Parathyroid – Northwest ENT

  https://www.thyroid-parathyroid.com/primary-hyperparathyroidism/

  Symptoms can be very obvious such as kidney stones, frequent headaches, and depression. However, they can also be very subtle, like high blood pressure and the inability to concentrate. […] This is the most common symptom of hyperparathyroidism, with up to 80% of patients reporting it as their primary problem. […] This is also a very common symptom of hyperparathyroidism. […] As discussed earlier, chronically high levels of PTH cause the body to continually pull calcium from the bones making them weak. […] About half of parathyroid patients describe having acid reflux, or gastroesophogeal reflux disease (GERD). […] Because the symptoms can be so gradual and subtle, it is oftentimes a family member who detects a change in personality over several years. […] It is important to note that the severity of the symptoms is NOT related to the level of calcium.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism: Background, Anatomy and Embryology, Primary Hyperparathyroidism

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/766906-clinical

  Primary hyperparathyroidism is the unregulated overproduction of parathyroid hormone, resulting in abnormal calcium homeostasis. […] The chronic excessive resorption of calcium from bone caused by excessive parathyroid hormone can result in osteopenia. In severe cases, this may result in osteitis fibrosa cystica, which is characterized by subperiosteal resorption of the distal phalanges, tapering of the distal clavicles, salt-and-pepper appearance of the skull, and brown tumors of the long bones. This is not commonly seen now. In addition, the chronically increased excretion of calcium in the urine can predispose to the formation of renal stones. […] The other symptoms of hyperparathyroidism are due to the hypercalcemia itself and are not specific to hyperparathyroidism. These can include muscle weakness, fatigue, volume depletion, nausea and vomiting, and in severe cases, coma and death. Neuropsychiatric manifestations are particularly common and may include depression, confusion, or subtle deficits that are often characterized poorly and may not be noted by the patient (or may be attributed to aging). Increased calcium can increase gastric acid secretion, and persons with hyperparathyroidism may have a higher prevalence of peptic ulcer disease. Rare cases of pancreatitis have also been attributed to hypercalcemia.

• #1 Symptoms of Hyperparathyroidism and Symptoms of Parathyroid Disease.

  https://www.parathyroid.com/parathyroid-symptoms.htm

  Most people with hyperparathyroidism will have 5 – 6 of these symptoms or signs. Some will have lots of them. A few people will say they don’t have any… but after an operation they will often say otherwise. In general, the longer you have hyperparathyroidism, the more symptoms you will develop. […] Patients with hyperparathyroidism have a higher rate of: stroke, heart failure, heart attack, atrial fibrillation, cardiomyopathy, renal failure, depression, shingles, kidney stones, osteoporosis, serious bone fractures, bone pain, need for hip replacement, GERD, high blood pressure, memory loss, chronic fatigue, MGUS, anemia, hair loss (females), cancers of the breast, colon, kidney, and prostate, and early death. […] The most common symptoms are those listed at the top of the list… with about 75% of people with hyperparathyroidism having 4 or 5 of the first 6 listed. MOST people will have several symptoms–the average person will have between 4 and 6.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism: Understanding Parathyroid Disease and Treatment Options

  https://www.parathyroid.com/parathyroid-disease.htm

  Hyperparathyroidism causes symptoms in almost everybody, but sometimes they are quite subtle. […] Sometimes hyperparathyroidism makes people miserable within the first year or two of having high blood calcium. Other times it can go 10 years without causing too much problems other than fatigue, bad memory, kidney stones, and osteoporosis. But make no mistake about it, parathyroid disease does kill people–it just takes 20 or so years to do so. […] Removing the parathyroid tumor will change the patient’s life. It often will make you feel 10 years younger, and literally, change your life. […] The high calcium increases your risk of stroke, heart attack, and heart failure due to the aggressive buildup of calcium in the arteries. The high calcium increases the risk of developing several cancers by 2 to 3 times, including breast cancer, colon cancer, kidney cancer and prostate cancer. […] The only choice you really need to make is to choose your surgeon. Then let the surgeon worry about 1 bad gland, 2 bad glands, or 4 bad glands. The operation is the same… same anesthesia, same incision, same 1.5 hours in the recovery room… everything is the same.

• #1 What Is Hyperparathyroidism? What Causes It?

  https://www.webmd.com/women/what-is-hyperparathyroidism

  Hyperparathyroidism is often diagnosed through routine blood tests before you might show any symptoms. If calcium levels in your blood are high, then your doctor will want to find out the cause, as this could mean you have hyperparathyroidism. […] If the disease hasn’t been picked up through blood tests, you could start to show symptoms such as: nausea and vomiting, loss of appetite, stomach pain, feeling ill but not having any diagnosis for it, fatigue, bone and joint pain, depression, forgetfulness, kidney stones. […] You may also have osteoporosis, which refers to thinning of the bones. […] Unlike primary hyperparathyroidism, symptoms of secondary hyperparathyroidism are often related to what caused the disease. For example, if it’s caused by kidney failure or kidney disease, you could experience broken bones due to osteomalacia (soft bones) or osteoporosis. […] Hyperparathyroidism can make you feel miserable because you can feel fatigued, nauseated, and in pain but without any obvious reason.

• #1 So you have primary hyperparathyroidism – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletter_article/so_you_have_primary_hyperparathyroidism

  You may feel fine but you could need surgery. […] Hyperparathyroidism is typically discovered in the course of blood testing for other reasons, and there are usually no symptoms or only nonspecific ones, such as fatigue, constipation, aches and pains, trouble concentrating, or low mood. […] At one time, hyperparathyroidism was recognized only when it had progressed to the point of causing serious problems such as bone disease, kidney stones, gastrointestinal disorders, and cognitive difficulties classic signs and symptoms that clinicians have dubbed „the bones, stones, abdominal moans, and groans.” […] But hyperparathyroidism does progress in some people, and they should undergo surgery, which is the only complete cure. […] Asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism progresses to a more serious condition only about one-third of the time, so some experts favor simply monitoring most patients and, if necessary, managing the condition with lifestyle measures and medications. […] Surgery eliminates the risk of disease progression altogether and may also get rid of many of the nonspecific complaints. […] Surgery is associated with a reduced lifetime risk of fractures.

• #1 Patient education: Primary hyperparathyroidism (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/primary-hyperparathyroidism-beyond-the-basics

  During parathyroid crisis, blood PTH and calcium levels rise sharply to very high levels, causing severe symptoms of hypercalcemia. Most notably, there is a significant change in thinking and alertness, ranging from confusion to coma. Some people also experience severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, stomach ulcers, and pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas).

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hyperparathyroidism/

  In very severe cases of hyperparathyroidism, high calcium levels can lead to rapid kidney failure, loss of consciousness, coma, or serious life-threatening heart rhythm abnormalities. […] It’s important that hyperparathyroidism is diagnosed as soon as possible. Without treatment, it can gradually get worse and may lead to complications. […] But in most cases, the condition is mild to moderate and remains stable for years.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/hyperparathyroidism

  Hyperparathyroidism often affects older adults, especially those in their 50s, 60s, and beyond. […] There are primary, secondary, and tertiary forms of hyperparathyroidism. Each has a different cause. […] In healthy people, the parathyroid gland produces and releases PTH, which helps to maintain proper levels of calcium in the bones and bloodstream. […] But in someone with hyperparathyroidism, too much PTH is produced. There are three forms of hyperparathyroidism, each with a different cause. […] Primary hyperparathyroidism: One or more of the parathyroid glands grows too large and releases too much PTH, which leads to elevated levels of calcium. […] Secondary hyperparathyroidism: Blood-calcium or vitamin D levels are so low they cause the parathyroid glands to release excessive levels of PTH. […] Tertiary hyperparathyroidism: Chronically reduced calcium and vitamin D deficiency cause all four parathyroid glands to grow and produce PTH regardless of whether the body needs the hormone, leading to elevated levels of calcium.

• #1 Symptoms of Hyperparathyroidism — ENT Clinic Sydney

  https://www.entclinic.com.au/symptoms-of-hyperparathyroidism/

  Symptoms of hyperparathyroidism can vary depending on whether the cause is primary, secondary or tertiary hyperparathyroidism. The symptoms of primary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism are similar, because both cause a high level of calcium in the bloodstream. […] Symptoms of primary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism include: Bone and joint pain due to the breakdown of bone to release calcium, Kidney stones, Frequent urination, Excessive thirst, Loss of appetite, Nausea, Constipation, Fractures, Gout. […] The symptoms of secondary hyperparathyroidism are different to the symptoms of primary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism because elevated levels of blood calcium cause many of the symptoms in primary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism; but high levels of blood calcium are not an issue with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Increased fracture risk is common to all forms of hyperparathyroidism. Underlying renal problems are the cause of many of the symptoms of secondary hyperparathyroidism. […] Symptoms of secondary hyperparathyroidism include: Fractures, Bone deformities, Changes to urinary habits, Ankle and leg swelling, Fatigue, Nausea, Vomiting, Itching.

• #1 Secondary hyperparathyroidism | Endocrine Conditions

  https://www.yourhormones.info/endocrine-conditions/secondary-hyperparathyroidism/

  Secondary hyperparathyroidism is the release of increased amounts of parathyroid hormone (hyperparathyroidism), which is an appropriate response to low calcium or vitamin D levels in order to try to bring calcium levels back up to normal. […] Most of the symptoms of secondary hyperparathyroidism are due to the underlying cause. People with vitamin D deficiency may notice muscle aching and weakness, or aching bones. In severe cases, they can develop osteomalacia (soft bones) which can cause fractures and bone deformity (in children this is called rickets). […] Untreated secondary hyperparathyroidism can increase the risk of brittle bones (osteoporosis). Patients with chronic kidney disease can affect their bones (called renal osteodystrophy) which, may cause bone pain, weakness and fractures resulting from the failure of the kidneys to maintain normal phosphate and calcium levels.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/hyperparathyroidism

  Symptoms include fatigue, muscle weakness, depression, memory problems, bone pain. […] Most people with hyperparathyroidism dont notice any symptoms. Those who do may experience bone pain, muscle weakness, and fatigue. […] Common symptoms of hyperparathyroidism are: Fatigue, Muscle weakness, Depression, Memory problems or forgetfulness, Bone pain, Weak, fragile wrist, hip, and back bones that break easily, Joint pain due to calcium crystals in the joint fluid, Loss of appetite, Nausea or vomiting, Constipation, Confusion, Kidney stones, Increased urination, Increased thirst. […] People with secondary hyperparathyroidism may additionally have: Low calcium levels, Stress fractures in the pelvis and midfeet, Spontaneous rupture of a tendon. […] People with tertiary hyperparathyroidism additionally may have: Kidney disease, Calcium deposits in soft tissue and blood vessels, Itchiness, Changes in mental status.

• #1 Secondary Hyperparathyroidism

  https://www.southwestparathyroid.com/secondary-hyperparathyroidism

  Secondary hyperparathyroidism causes hyperplasia, an enlargement of all four parathyroid glands. […] In secondary hyperparathyroidism (sHPT), the parathyroids are overactive, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels are high. […] If the blood calcium level stays low, the parathyroids just work harder and make more PTH. […] Over time, the PTH can get quite high and the glands can „bulk up” just like a muscle lifting heavy weights daily. […] Eventually, this will result in bone loss, which can progress to osteomalacia and fractures. […] The most common cause of secondary hyperparathyroidism is chronic kidney disease, usually at the point where it requires dialysis. […] In renal hyperparathyroidism, the calcium levels often remain quite low, while PTH levels can rise dramatically, even above 1000 pg/ml.

• #1 Tertiary hyperparathyroidism | Endocrine Conditions

  https://www.yourhormones.info/endocrine-conditions/tertiary-hyperparathyroidism/

  Tertiary hyperparathyroidism usually happens after long-term secondary hyperparathyroidism when the parathyroid glands have been producing high levels of parathyroid hormone for such a long time that they become overgrown and permanently overactive. This leads to high blood calcium levels. […] The signs and symptoms are usually similar to primary hyperparathyroidism with a risk of reduced bone density (osteoporosis), muscle weakness, bone pain, constipation, abdominal pain, poor concentration or confusion. This is because of the high parathyroid hormone and high blood calcium caused by the condition. […] Untreated tertiary hyperparathyroidism is associated with similar risks to those of primary hyperparathyroidism.

• #1 Symptoms of Hyperparathyroidism and Symptoms of Parathyroid Disease.

  https://www.parathyroid.com/parathyroid-symptoms.htm

  Most people with parathyroid disease (hyperparathyroidism) will have symptoms when they are diagnosed, and nearly all will develop symptoms if left untreated. […] The most common symptoms of hyperparathyroidism are chronic fatigue, body aches, difficulty sleeping, bone pain, memory loss, poor concentration, depression, and headaches. Parathyroid disease also frequently leads to osteoporosis, kidney stones, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, and kidney failure. This is a devastating condition if left untreated. […] Hyperparathyroidism is a serious disease that becomes very destructive with time. Over time, it can lead to problems throughout the body, including osteoporosis, high blood pressure, kidney stones, kidney failure, stroke, and cardiac arrhythmias. […] The symptoms of hyperparathyroidism are different in different people. Sometimes people have symptoms making them miserable within the first year or two of having high blood calcium. Other times it can go 6-8 years without causing too many problems. Eventually, almost everyone will develop symptoms or complications of this disease.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism: Symptoms, Causes, & Treatment

  https://patient.info/hormones/thyroid-and-parathyroid-glands/hyperparathyroidism

  Not everyone with hyperparathyroidism has complications. However, sometimes complications may develop. If you have primary or tertiary hyperparathyroidism, these complications are mostly due to a long-standing high level of calcium in your blood. They can include: Kidney stones. Small stones may be passed in the urine without you noticing. Larger stones may get stuck, causing pain in your loin area that you then feel in your groin. You may also notice blood in your urine. […] In all types of hyperparathyroidism (including secondary hyperparathyroidism), the increased level of parathyroid hormone circulating in your blood causes high amounts of calcium to be released from your bones. This can cause weakness and 'thinning’ of your bones – a condition known as osteopenia or, if more severe, osteoporosis. Your bones may become more susceptible to breaks or fractures.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001215.htm

  Hyperparathyroidism is a condition in which 1 or more of the parathyroid glands in your neck produce too much parathyroid hormone (PTH). […] Symptoms are mostly caused by damage to organs from high calcium level in the blood, or by the loss of calcium from the bones. Symptoms can include: Bone pain or tenderness, Depression and forgetfulness, Feeling tired, ill, and weak, Fragile bones of the limbs and spine that can break easily, Increased amount of urine produced and needing to urinate more often, Kidney stones, Nausea and loss of appetite. […] If you have symptoms or your blood calcium level is very high, you may need surgery to remove the parathyroid gland that is producing too much PTH. […] Outlook depends on the cause of hyperparathyroidism. […] Long-term problems that can occur when hyperparathyroidism is not well controlled include: Bones become weak, deformed, or can break, High blood pressure and heart disease, Kidney stones, Long-term kidney disease.

• #1 Parathyroid glands | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/parathyroid-glands

  Hyperparathyroidism – kidney stones, urinary tract infections, pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) and damage to bones. […] Treatment depends on the condition and its severity, but may include: […] Hyperparathyroidism – in severe cases, the parathyroid glands and associated tumours may need to be surgically removed.

• #1 Symptoms of Hyperparathyroidism and Symptoms of Parathyroid Disease.

  https://www.parathyroid.com/parathyroid-symptoms.htm

  Heart problems are often seen in patients with parathyroid disease because hyperparathyroidism CAUSES heart problems. […] Many people with parathyroid disease have recurrent headaches. […] Long-standing parathyroid disease can be very hard on the body, In fact, people with parathyroid disease for more than 15 years have a life-expectancy which is about 5 years less than their peers. […] Everybody who has hyperparathyroidism will lose calcium out of their bones and thus lose bone density. This loss of bone density is called „osteoporosis” and is such an important part of parathyroid disease that it has its own page on this web site.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14454-hyperparathyroidism

  Kidney transplant improves secondary hyperparathyroidism in about 40% of people within a year. […] Many people live with primary hyperparathyroidism for years without it affecting their health. But eventually, you may need surgery to treat it. Studies suggest that, of people who dont have symptoms of primary hyperparathyroidism at the time of their diagnosis, about 25% (1 out of 4) will eventually need surgery.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism: Symptoms, Causes, & Treatment

  https://patient.info/hormones/thyroid-and-parathyroid-glands/hyperparathyroidism

  In primary hyperparathyroidism, after successful surgery to remove the parathyroid glands (parathyroidectomy), the outlook (prognosis) is usually excellent and most people are cured. If you do not have symptoms and are followed up without surgery, there is also generally a good prognosis. Significant bone loss and other symptoms may not happen for many years when you are followed up. However, if you have secondary or tertiary hyperparathyroidism, the prognosis tends to be worse. This is because it is usually caused by underlying stage 5 CKD.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14454-hyperparathyroidism

  Symptoms of hyperparathyroidism include joint or bone pain, muscle weakness, tiredness, nausea, vomiting and more. […] Symptoms of hyperparathyroidism, especially in people with high calcium levels, include: Joint or bone pain. Muscle weakness. Tiredness (fatigue). Depression. Trouble concentrating. Loss of appetite. Nausea and vomiting. Confusion or forgetfulness. Increased thirst and frequent need to pee. Constipation. […] Sometimes you dont have symptoms of hyperparathyroidism. Instead, youre diagnosed during a routine blood test or tests for other conditions. […] If you have hyperparathyroidism and dont have surgery, youll need to monitor your symptoms. You might also need to make changes to what you eat or take medications or supplements. […] For people with primary hyperparathyroidism, parathyroidectomy is very effective at bringing calcium levels back to normal, and at improving bone density and symptoms. Studies suggest that, after surgery, over 80% of people (4 out of 5) saw symptom improvement, and over 90% (9 out of 10) had calcium levels return to normal and bone density improve.

• #1 Parathyroid Adenoma: Symptoms, Surgery, Diagnosis & More

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15043-parathyroid-adenoma

  Too much calcium in your blood (hypercalcemia) can cause a number of symptoms and medical conditions including: […] You may not have, or recognize that you have, symptoms before they are discovered in routine blood work your healthcare provider may have ordered as a part of your general health care. […] Untreated parathyroid adenomas cause a rise in calcium levels in your blood. An extremely high amount can cause: […] After surgery, your symptoms should stop within about one month. Surgery to remove the parathyroid glands or glands that have become overactive due to adenomas is highly successful. The cure rate is over 95%. […] Without surgery, high calcium levels in your blood can lead to other health problems, including kidney stones, osteoporosis and other symptoms that will affect the quality of your life long term. Surgery to remove the abnormal parathyroid glands cures primary hyperparathyroidism.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism Treatment | Patient Care

  https://weillcornell.org/parathyroid-disease

  Since about 25 percent of patients with mild disease will eventually progress to have more severe disease, we offer surgery to patients with the following factors who may be at risk to develop worsening disease: Age less than 50, Calcium level greater than 1mg/dL above the upper limit of normal range, Elevated calcium in the urine, Osteoporosis, Reduced kidney function. […] For tertiary hyperparathyroidism, patients with mild disease can be medically managed; however, those with worsening disease, notable symptoms or severe electrolyte conditions that do not improve with medications are candidates for surgery. […] Surgery for hyperparathyroidism has been associated with improved bone mineral density (correcting or improving osteoporosis), better kidney function and reduced long-term cardiovascular risk. Additionally, several studies have suggested that neuro-cognitive symptoms may resolve after surgery, thus also improving quality of life.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism: Background, Anatomy and Embryology, Primary Hyperparathyroidism

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/766906-clinical

  Cure rates after surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism are very high in expert hands, approximately 97-98%. […] Quality of life has been shown repeatedly to be improved after parathyroidectomy. […] Notably, quality of life has also been found to undergo measurable improvement in asymptomatic patients, which underscores the fact that some mild symptoms may go unnoticed by patients and clinicians. […] A retrospective study by Song et al indicated that patients who undergo parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism are less likely to develop neuropsychiatric illness than are those who undergo nonoperative treatment.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/hyperparathyroidism

  Hyperparathyroidism is a condition where the parathyroid glands make too much parathyroid hormone. This causes increased levels of calcium in the blood. Hyperparathyroidism is rare in children, but children may have more severe symptoms than adults. […] If left untreated, hyperparathyroidism may lead to: Osteoporosis and osteomalacia (bone-weakening diseases), Kidney stones, Muscle weakness. […] While each child may experience symptoms differently, some of the most common include: Kidney pain (due to kidney stones), Bone pain, Aches and pains, Abdominal pain, Nausea, Vomiting, Chronic fatigue, Excessive urination, Confusion, Muscle weakness. […] The symptoms of hyperparathyroidism may resemble other conditions or medical problems, so always consult your child’s physician for a diagnosis.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism in children | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/hyperparathyroidism-children

  Hyperparathyroidism is a disorder, rare in children, in which the parathyroid glands are overactive and produce too much parathyroid hormone. […] Symptoms of hyperparathyroidism vary widely, and each person may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include: […] Compared to adults, children more commonly have symptoms and involvement of other parts of the body, such as the kidneys, pancreas and bones, at diagnosis. […] The symptoms of hyperparathyroidism may resemble other conditions or medical problems. Always consult your child’s doctor for a diagnosis.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism in Children – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health

  https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=hyperparathyroidism-in-children-90-P01958

  Symptoms can occur a bit differently in each child. They can include: […] Symptoms can include bone pain, kidney pain, and joint aches. […] The condition can cause thinning bones (osteoporosis) and kidney stones. […] If untreated, the condition can lead to serious complications including: Thin bones (osteoporosis), Broken bones, Other bone problems, Kidney stones, Kidney disease, Inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis), High blood pressure, Heart problems including arrhythmias, Enlarged ventricles in the heart, Heart valve damage, Depression, Memory problems. […] Even after surgery, a child may need life-long checking for symptoms of high calcium levels in the blood.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism | Healthify

  https://healthify.nz/health-a-z/h/hyperparathyroidism/

  Hyperparathyroidism is when the parathyroid glands secrete too much parathyroid hormone. […] This leads to calcium coming out of your bones and into your blood and urine. This can lead to osteoporosis. […] Hyperparathyroidism is most common in women between 5060 years old (after menopause). […] Many people with hyperparathyroidism have mild symptoms or none at all. […] When symptoms do occur, they’re usually due to ongoing high levels of calcium. Symptoms may include: pain in your joints, feeling tired, having weak muscles, loss of bone leading to osteoporosis, tummy pain, nausea (feeling sick) and vomiting (being sick), constipation (not being able to pass poos), lack of appetite, kidney stones, feeling thirsty all the time, passing urine more often than usual, fast, irregular heartbeats, depression or low mood.

• #1 Grateful Mother and Daughter Spread the Word about Hyperparathyroidism – Department of Surgery

  https://www.surgery.wisc.edu/2023/01/20/grateful-mother-and-daughter-spread-the-word-about-hyperparathyroidism/

  Joelle had also been experiencing symptoms of the disease. Suffering from constant fatigue, memory loss, deep bone pain, hair loss, and weak, split nails, Joelle had talked to her healthcare providers and been told those symptoms just come with age. […] Alyssa has this advice for patients who are struggling with their symptoms and have not received an accurate diagnosis: Don’t give up if you aren’t getting what you need from a doctor, keep pushing forward. No matter how complicated your case is, there is hope. Don’t ever think you’re alone.

• #1 Primary hyperparathyroidism: Clinical manifestations – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/primary-hyperparathyroidism-clinical-manifestations

  The most common clinical presentation of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is asymptomatic hypercalcemia detected by routine biochemical screening. However, the presentation may be atypical and include a spectrum of disturbances in calcium homeostasis, ranging from symptomatic severe hypercalcemia (parathyroid crisis) to normocalcemic PHPT. […] The clinical manifestations that are directly related to PHPT will be reviewed here. Symptoms and signs (gastrointestinal, neuromuscular, renal, and psychological) that are likely related to hypercalcemia are also discussed elsewhere. […] The clinical manifestations of the familial forms of PHPT and of parathyroid cancer, as well as the diagnosis and management of PHPT, are reviewed separately.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome: MedlinePlus GeneticsLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/hyperparathyroidism-jaw-tumor-syndrome/

  Hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome is a condition characterized by overactivity of the parathyroid glands (hyperparathyroidism). Hyperparathyroidism disrupts the normal balance of calcium in the blood, which can lead to kidney stones, thinning of the bones (osteoporosis), nausea, vomiting, high blood pressure (hypertension), weakness, and fatigue. About 95 percent of people with hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome will develop hyperparathyroidism during their lifetime. […] In people with hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome, hyperparathyroidism is caused by tumors that form in the parathyroid glands. The tumors are usually a noncancerous (benign) type of tumor called an adenoma. Approximately 15 percent of people with hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome develop a cancerous tumor called parathyroid carcinoma.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome: MedlinePlus GeneticsLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/hyperparathyroidism-jaw-tumor-syndrome/

  Other tumors, both benign and cancerous, are often seen in people with hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome. For example, tumors of the uterus occur in up to 50 percent of people with this condition. The kidneys are affected in about 20 percent of people with hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome. Benign kidney cysts are the most common kidney feature, but a rare cancerous tumor called Wilms tumor and other types of kidney tumor have also been found. […] Regular medical screening may assist in the early detection of the features of hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome.

• #1 Primary Hyperparathyroidism – Parathyroid UK

  https://parathyroiduk.org/hyperparathyroidism/primary-hyperparathyroidism/

  In Primary Hyperparathyroidism you may not notice any specific symptoms, or you may just feel ‘not quite right’, but for many the symptoms can be severely debilitating. […] Many of the symptoms of PHPT are vague, and as a result the condition can go undiagnosed for long periods. Tiredness, anxiety, thirst, polyuria (frequent urination), and body aches and pains can all be features of PHPT. […] There does not seem to be any correlation between particular symptoms and the level of calcium in the blood. People with slightly high calcium levels may have very severe symptoms while people with very high calcium levels may not be aware of their symptoms. […] For some people, symptoms may be subtle and develop gradually, and as a result are sometimes attributed to other causes such as menopause, depression, chronic fatigue, fibromyalgia, or to stress and the general pressures of life.

• #1 Hyperparathyroidism, A Forgotten Cause of Musculoskeletal Pain | Reumatología Clínica

  https://www.reumatologiaclinica.org/en-hyperparathyroidism-a-forgotten-cause-musculoskeletal-articulo-S2173574312000937

  Endocrine disorders often have rheumatic manifestations, which can sometimes be the first characteristic of the disease. Among these disorders is hyperparathyroidism, which is classically manifested by the presence of kidney stones, fractures, pancreatitis and psychiatric disorders. A woman aged 57 was admitted due to widespread pain, sleep disturbances, headache, fatigue and loss of function of upper and lower limbs. […] Musculoskeletal symptoms, as well as fatigue and sleep disorders, showed marked improvement after surgical treatment. […] Patients may complain of nonspecific disorders, such as fatigue, depression, weakness, memory loss, sleep disturbances and altered concentration. The presence of arthralgia and myalgia, particularly affecting the proximal muscles of the shoulder and pelvic girdles, mimicking polymyalgia rheumatica, is frequent, and arthritis can also mimic gout or pseudogout.

• #1 Grateful Mother and Daughter Spread the Word about Hyperparathyroidism – Department of Surgery

  https://www.surgery.wisc.edu/2023/01/20/grateful-mother-and-daughter-spread-the-word-about-hyperparathyroidism/

  When 20-year-old Alyssa Liebenow started experiencing fatigue, hot flashes, and unusual aches and pains, she and her mom, Joelle, knew something was wrong. […] These can include bone and joint pain, fatigue and muscle weakness, memory and concentration issues, depression, loss of appetite, kidney stones, and constipation, among others. […] For some patients with hyperparathyroidism, making the diagnosis isn’t as clear-cut, and we often see patients suffering from symptoms for years prior to establishing an appropriate diagnosis and being offered treatment, said Dr. Sippel. […] The symptoms of hyperparathyroidism are often non-specific, so symptoms are all too often written off and not investigated further. However the symptoms of this disease can have a real negative impact on the quality of life of patients, said Dr. Sippel.

• #2 Primary Hyperparathyroidism – Parathyroid UK

  https://parathyroiduk.org/hyperparathyroidism/primary-hyperparathyroidism/

  In Primary Hyperparathyroidism you may not notice any specific symptoms, or you may just feel ‘not quite right’, but for many the symptoms can be severely debilitating. […] Many of the symptoms of PHPT are vague, and as a result the condition can go undiagnosed for long periods. Tiredness, anxiety, thirst, polyuria (frequent urination), and body aches and pains can all be features of PHPT. […] There does not seem to be any correlation between particular symptoms and the level of calcium in the blood. People with slightly high calcium levels may have very severe symptoms while people with very high calcium levels may not be aware of their symptoms. […] For some people, symptoms may be subtle and develop gradually, and as a result are sometimes attributed to other causes such as menopause, depression, chronic fatigue, fibromyalgia, or to stress and the general pressures of life.

• #2 Hyperparathyroidism – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hyperparathyroidism/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20356199

  In most cases, elevated calcium is found by blood tests ordered for other reasons. […] Your health care provider can diagnose hyperparathyroidism if blood tests show you also have high levels of parathyroid hormone. […] Surgery is the most common treatment for primary hyperparathyroidism and provides a cure in most cases. […] Complications from surgery aren’t common. Risks include: Damage to nerves controlling the vocal cords. […] Long-term low calcium levels requiring the use of calcium and vitamin D supplements due to removal or damage to all parathyroid glands. […] The most commonly reported side effects of cinacalcet are joint and muscle pain, diarrhea, nausea, and respiratory infection. […] Some common side effects of hormone replacement therapy include breast pain and tenderness, dizziness, and headaches. […] Certain medications, including some diuretics and lithium, can raise calcium levels.

• #2 Hyperparathyroidism: Background, Anatomy and Embryology, Primary Hyperparathyroidism

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/766906-clinical

  The clinical syndrome of primary hyperparathyroidism can be easily remembered as „bones, stones, abdominal groans, and psychic moans.” […] Skeletal manifestations of primary hyperparathyroidism include primarily a selective cortical bone loss. Bone and joint pain, pseudogout, and chondrocalcinosis have also been reported. […] Renal manifestations include polyuria, kidney stones, hypercalciuria, and, rarely, nephrocalcinosis. […] Gastrointestinal manifestations include vague abdominal pain, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, peptic ulcer disease, and acute pancreatitis. […] Neuromuscular and psychological manifestations include fatigue, muscle weakness, depression, inability to concentrate, and memory problems or subtle deficits that are often characterized poorly and may not be noted by the patient, a common description being brain fog.

• #2 Symptoms of Hyperparathyroidism – CalciumPro

  http://calciumpro.com/symptoms-of-hyperparathyroidism/

  Hyperparathyroidism can show up differently in different people. Sometimes it makes people miserable within the first year or two of having high blood calcium. Other times it can go 4-5 years without causing too many problems other than fatigue, bad memory, kidney stones, and osteoporosis. There is increasing evidence that watching or monitoring high calcium and hyperparathyroidism will often cause multiple progressive health problems that can occasionally lead to early death. […] 90% of people with hyperparathyroidism will have 6 or more of these symptoms. In general, the longer you have hyperparathyroidism, the more symptoms you will develop, and the worse they become. […] Fatigue is the most common symptom of primary hyperparathyroidism (85% of patients). Often these patients say: Im tired of being tired. This fatigue usually resolves within a few days or weeks following successful parathyroid surgery and the disease is cured. Almost all of the symptoms of hyperparathyroidism will improve or go away after successful parathyroid surgery in most people. Often, the changes in peoples lives are dramatic.

• #2 Hyperparathyroidism: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14454-hyperparathyroidism

  Symptoms of hyperparathyroidism include joint or bone pain, muscle weakness, tiredness, nausea, vomiting and more. […] Symptoms of hyperparathyroidism, especially in people with high calcium levels, include: Joint or bone pain. Muscle weakness. Tiredness (fatigue). Depression. Trouble concentrating. Loss of appetite. Nausea and vomiting. Confusion or forgetfulness. Increased thirst and frequent need to pee. Constipation. […] Sometimes you dont have symptoms of hyperparathyroidism. Instead, youre diagnosed during a routine blood test or tests for other conditions. […] If you have hyperparathyroidism and dont have surgery, youll need to monitor your symptoms. You might also need to make changes to what you eat or take medications or supplements. […] For people with primary hyperparathyroidism, parathyroidectomy is very effective at bringing calcium levels back to normal, and at improving bone density and symptoms. Studies suggest that, after surgery, over 80% of people (4 out of 5) saw symptom improvement, and over 90% (9 out of 10) had calcium levels return to normal and bone density improve.

• #2 Parathyroid glands | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/parathyroid-glands

  Around one in every 2,000 people has overactive parathyroids, or hyperparathyroidism. Women aged 50 years and over are more likely to develop the condition. The glands make too much hormone and allow the calcium levels in the blood to rise. Meanwhile, the bones are robbed of vital calcium and the kidneys are placed under great strain. Up to 50 per cent of patients with hyperparathyroidism present with symptoms due to kidney stones. Symptoms of hyperparathyroidism may include: […] Pain in the bones and joints […] Increased susceptibility to bone fractures […] Shrinking height […] Backache […] Muscle aches […] Thirst […] Frequent urination […] Abdominal pain […] Fatigue […] Nausea […] Loss of appetite […] Depression and other personality changes. […] Complications caused by untreated parathyroid disorders can include:

• #2 Hyperparathyroidism – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hyperparathyroidism/symptoms-causes/syc-20356194

  Primary hyperparathyroidism is often diagnosed before signs or symptoms of the disorder occur. This is usually because an elevated level of calcium is found on routine blood tests. When symptoms do occur, they’re the result of damage or dysfunction in other organs or tissues. This damage or dysfunction is due to high calcium levels in the blood and urine or too little calcium in bones. […] Symptoms may be so mild and nonspecific that they don’t seem related to parathyroid function, or they may be severe. The range of signs and symptoms include: […] Weak bones that break easily (osteoporosis) […] Kidney stones […] Excessive urination […] Stomach (abdominal) pain […] Tiring easily or weakness […] Depression or forgetfulness […] Bone and joint pain […] Frequent complaints of illness with no clear cause […] Nausea, vomiting or loss of appetite.

• #2 Symptoms of Hyperparathyroidism and Symptoms of Parathyroid Disease.

  https://www.parathyroid.com/parathyroid-symptoms.htm

  Heart problems are often seen in patients with parathyroid disease because hyperparathyroidism CAUSES heart problems. […] Many people with parathyroid disease have recurrent headaches. […] Long-standing parathyroid disease can be very hard on the body, In fact, people with parathyroid disease for more than 15 years have a life-expectancy which is about 5 years less than their peers. […] Everybody who has hyperparathyroidism will lose calcium out of their bones and thus lose bone density. This loss of bone density is called „osteoporosis” and is such an important part of parathyroid disease that it has its own page on this web site.

• #2 Hyperparathyroidism: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001215.htm

  Hyperparathyroidism is a condition in which 1 or more of the parathyroid glands in your neck produce too much parathyroid hormone (PTH). […] Symptoms are mostly caused by damage to organs from high calcium level in the blood, or by the loss of calcium from the bones. Symptoms can include: Bone pain or tenderness, Depression and forgetfulness, Feeling tired, ill, and weak, Fragile bones of the limbs and spine that can break easily, Increased amount of urine produced and needing to urinate more often, Kidney stones, Nausea and loss of appetite. […] If you have symptoms or your blood calcium level is very high, you may need surgery to remove the parathyroid gland that is producing too much PTH. […] Outlook depends on the cause of hyperparathyroidism. […] Long-term problems that can occur when hyperparathyroidism is not well controlled include: Bones become weak, deformed, or can break, High blood pressure and heart disease, Kidney stones, Long-term kidney disease.

• #2 Secondary hyperparathyroidism: symptoms, causes & treatment | American Kidney Fund

  https://www.kidneyfund.org/living-kidney-disease/health-problems-caused-kidney-disease/secondary-hyperparathyroidism-symptoms-causes-treatment

  Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is common in people who have kidney failure (stage 5 kidney disease). […] It is important to treat secondary hyperparathyroidism to prevent it from causing other health problems, such as bone disease. […] Symptoms of SHPT include: Weak or broken bones (osteoporosis), Bone and joint pain, Kidney stones, Urinating (peeing) more often than normal, Belly pain, Feeling weak or tired easily, Feeling sick to your stomach or throwing up, Feeling less hungry than usual (loss of appetite). […] If left untreated, SHPT can cause other health problems, such as: A buildup of calcium under your skin, which can cause painful, open skin sores and infections, A buildup of calcium in other parts of your body, such as your blood vessels and heart, which can lead to heart attack or stroke, Bone disease.

• #2 Hyperparathyroidism and Neurological Conditions | Dr. Babak Larian

  https://www.hyperparathyroidmd.com/hyperparathyroidism-and-neurological-conditions/

  Changes in cognitive function can be frightening, especially when you don’t know the cause. Patients with undiagnosed hyperparathyroidism commonly experience short-term memory loss and an inability to concentrate. […] High calcium caused by hyperparathyroidism can also affect the brain, leading to these symptoms: Brain fog, Fatigue, Confusion, Difficulty concentrating, Memory loss. […] More than 80% of patients with hyperparathyroidism report concentration and memory problems. […] The first symptoms patients often notice with hyperparathyroidism are fatigue and memory issues, which they usually describe as “brain fog.” […] Nearly three-fourths of patients diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism experience depression, and more than two-thirds report symptoms of anxiety. […] If hyperparathyroidism is left untreated, symptoms like cognitive decline can worsen. Unchecked hyperparathyroidism can lead to severe medical conditions, including: Ongoing memory loss and cognitive decline, Worsening anxiety and depression symptoms.

• #2 Reversible Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Primary Hyperparathyroidism after Parathyroidectomy

  https://www.kjfp.or.kr/journal/view.html?uid=1143&vmd=Full&

  Primary hyperparathyroidism, mainly caused by parathyroid adenoma, is a disease in which most patients are asymptomatic and usually diagnosed incidentally by routine laboratory tests. […] Even if symptoms are present, they tend to be nonspecific, such as fatigue, irritability, and weakness, making primary hyperparathyroidism difficult to diagnose based only on symptoms. […] She had neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as lack of energy and concentration, foggy state, sleeplessness, nervousness, depressive symptoms, and multiple musculoskeletal pain. […] Neuropsychiatric symptoms appear in 20% of symptomatic hyperparathyroidism cases. […] Younger patients often complain of a lack of energy and concentration, a foggy state, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. […] The patients symptoms, chronic musculoskeletal pain, and neuropsychiatric symptoms improved after surgery, and the number of hospital visits decreased.

• #2 Hyperparathyroidism – myDr.com.au

  https://mydr.com.au/first-aid-self-care/hyperparathyroidism/

  Hyperparathyroidism can affect your bones, causing bone pain or weak bones that tend to fracture more easily osteoporosis. […] If the digestive system is affected, abdominal pain, constipation, loss of appetite and nausea are the most common symptoms. […] Symptoms of mental health problems may also occur. There may be depression, confusion, personality changes, memory and concentration problems and, in severe cases, loss of consciousness. […] Over time, if left untreated, secondary hyperparathyroidism can cause ongoing overproduction of parathyroid hormone that results in elevated calcium levels this is known as tertiary hyperparathyroidism. Tertiary hyperparathyroidism is not common.

• #2 Primary Hyperparathyroidism | Columbia Surgery

  https://columbiasurgery.org/conditions-and-treatments/primary-hyperparathyroidism

  PHP may cause a number of problems with the heart and blood vessels that include hypertension (i.e. high blood pressure), coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis (i.e. hardening of the arteries), arrhythmias (i.e. abnormal heart rate), and left ventricular hypertrophy (i.e. enlarging of the heart). In turn these problems can lead to a higher rate of heart attack, stroke, and premature death.

• #2 Symptoms of Hyperparathyroidism – CalciumPro

  http://calciumpro.com/symptoms-of-hyperparathyroidism/

  Patients with hyperparathyroidism have a higher incidence of heart attacks and heart-related deaths. Recent studies have shown that the small arteries of the heart are affected by the high calcium and by the PTH, decreasing blood flow to the heart increasing the rate of heart attacks. […] Patients with hyperparathyroidism have a higher rate of: stroke, heart failure, heart attack, atrial fibrillation, cardiomyopathy, renal failure, depression, shingles, kidney stones, osteoporosis, serious bone fractures, need for hip replacement, GERD, high blood pressure, memory loss, chronic fatigue, MGUS, anemia, cancers of the breast, colon, kidney, and prostate, and early death. Because of these increased risks, experts now believe that it is best to remove the tumor when the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism is made, rather than wait until these complications arise.

• #2 Hyperparathyroidism Causes & Treatments | OneWelbeck

  https://onewelbeck.com/conditions/hyperparathyroidism/

  Hyperparathyroidism can affect anyone of any age and sex but women over the age of 60 are at the highest risk of developing the condition. […] Early-stage hyperparathyroidism may produce no symptoms or symptoms may be very mild. In more severe cases symptoms can be more obvious. […] Classic symptoms of hyperparathyroidism include: Bone pain, fatigue, mild confusion, constipation.

• #2 Hyperparathyroidism – Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/endocrine-and-metabolic-disorders/parathyroid-disorders/hyperparathyroidism

  Hyperparathyroidism occurs when one or more of the parathyroid glands become overactive, causing elevated serum levels of parathyroid hormone and leading to hypercalcemia. Patients may be asymptomatic or have symptoms of varying severity, including chronic fatigue, body aches, difficulty sleeping, bone pain, memory loss, poor concentration, depression, and headaches. […] Symptoms, when they occur, are due to hypercalcemia and include chronic fatigue, constipation, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, poor concentration, confusion, and depression. […] Hyperparathyroidism is often asymptomatic. In patients who are asymptomatic, the disorder is typically identified by an incidentally discovered elevated calcium level. […] Primary hyperparathyroidism causes hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and excessive bone resorption (leading to osteoporosis). Patients most frequently present with asymptomatic hypercalcemia.

• #2 Primary Hyperparathyroidism – Parathyroid UK

  https://parathyroiduk.org/hyperparathyroidism/primary-hyperparathyroidism/

  As calcium is found in every cell in the body, high levels of calcium and parathyroid hormone can affect bone, kidneys, muscles, nerves and the gut, as well as the emotions and cognitive function. […] A substantive poll of our hyperpara members at Parathyroid UK members found the most common symptoms, in order of frequency, to be: fatigue/ feeling tired and lethargic, brain fog / loss of concentration/ confusion, anxiety/depression/low mood/lack of enthusiasm in life, muscle pain and weakness, bone pain, joint pain, irritability, frequent urination, increased thirst, digestive problems, eg gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), insomnia. […] If left untreated, symptoms can become much worse. […] In severe cases, extremely high levels of calcium (hypercalcaemia) can cause: vomiting, drowsiness, dehydration, confusion – difficulty thinking and speaking clearly, agitation, muscle spasms, tremors, bone fractures, irregular heart beat, high blood pressure, loss of consciousness, coma and, very rarely, if not treated, death.

• #2 Hyperparathyroidism | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/hyperparathyroidism

  Hyperparathyroidism usually causes few or no symptoms. The severity of symptoms doesn’t always relate to the level of calcium in your blood. […] If you do have symptoms, they can be wide-ranging and include: depression, tiredness, feeling thirsty and peeing a lot, feeling sick and losing your appetite, muscle weakness, constipation, tummy pain, loss of concentration, mild confusion. […] Left untreated, high blood calcium levels may cause: vomiting, drowsiness, dehydration, confusion, muscle spasms, bone pain or tenderness, joint pain, irregular heartbeat, high blood pressure (hypertension). […] In very severe cases of hyperparathyroidism, high calcium levels can lead to rapid kidney failure, loss of consciousness, coma, or serious life-threatening heart rhythm abnormalities. […] But in most cases, the condition is mild to moderate and remains stable for years. […] Without treatment, it can gradually get worse and may lead to complications.

• #2 Patient education: Primary hyperparathyroidism (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/primary-hyperparathyroidism-beyond-the-basics

  During parathyroid crisis, blood PTH and calcium levels rise sharply to very high levels, causing severe symptoms of hypercalcemia. Most notably, there is a significant change in thinking and alertness, ranging from confusion to coma. Some people also experience severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, stomach ulcers, and pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas).

• #2 Hyperparathyroidism: Symptoms, Causes, & Treatment

  https://patient.info/hormones/thyroid-and-parathyroid-glands/hyperparathyroidism

  Hyperparathyroidism occurs when too much parathyroid hormone is released by the parathyroid glands in the neck. It generally leads to high levels of calcium in the blood. This can cause various symptoms, commonly tiredness, feeling sick (nausea), being sick (vomiting), kidney stones and bone pains. […] If you have primary or tertiary hyperparathyroidism and do develop symptoms, these are due to a high level of calcium in your blood (hypercalcaemia). They can include: Tiredness. Weak and easily tired muscles. Feeling sick (nausea), being sick (vomiting) and feeling off your food. Constipation. Tummy (abdominal) pain. Feeling very thirsty and passing urine frequently. Depression/low mood. […] In extreme cases, if left untreated, a high calcium level can lead to confusion, loss of consciousness, heart rhythm disturbances and, rarely, death. You may also have high blood pressure if you have hyperparathyroidism. It is unclear why this happens.

• #2 Parathyroid disease- what is it and how is it treated?

  https://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info/parathyroid-disease

  Hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is the most common type of parathyroid disease. In HPT, one or more glands are overactive. As a result, the glands make too much PTH. This may result in too much calcium in the blood a condition called hypercalcemia. Usually, a benign tumor on the gland causes HPT. […] Most people with primary HPT have no symptoms. Some people experience mild symptoms, such as: muscle weakness, fatigue, increased need for sleep, depression, aches and pains in the joints and bones. […] Symptoms for people with more severe disease may include: loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, constipation, confusion or impaired thinking and memory, increased thirst and urination. […] HPT is most often diagnosed in people between the ages of 50 and 60. Women are affected about three times as often as men.

• #2 Symptoms of Hyperparathyroidism — ENT Clinic Sydney

  https://www.entclinic.com.au/symptoms-of-hyperparathyroidism/

  Symptoms of hyperparathyroidism can vary depending on whether the cause is primary, secondary or tertiary hyperparathyroidism. The symptoms of primary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism are similar, because both cause a high level of calcium in the bloodstream. […] Symptoms of primary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism include: Bone and joint pain due to the breakdown of bone to release calcium, Kidney stones, Frequent urination, Excessive thirst, Loss of appetite, Nausea, Constipation, Fractures, Gout. […] The symptoms of secondary hyperparathyroidism are different to the symptoms of primary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism because elevated levels of blood calcium cause many of the symptoms in primary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism; but high levels of blood calcium are not an issue with secondary hyperparathyroidism. Increased fracture risk is common to all forms of hyperparathyroidism. Underlying renal problems are the cause of many of the symptoms of secondary hyperparathyroidism. […] Symptoms of secondary hyperparathyroidism include: Fractures, Bone deformities, Changes to urinary habits, Ankle and leg swelling, Fatigue, Nausea, Vomiting, Itching.

• #2 Secondary hyperparathyroidism | Endocrine Conditions

  https://www.yourhormones.info/endocrine-conditions/secondary-hyperparathyroidism/

  Secondary hyperparathyroidism is the release of increased amounts of parathyroid hormone (hyperparathyroidism), which is an appropriate response to low calcium or vitamin D levels in order to try to bring calcium levels back up to normal. […] Most of the symptoms of secondary hyperparathyroidism are due to the underlying cause. People with vitamin D deficiency may notice muscle aching and weakness, or aching bones. In severe cases, they can develop osteomalacia (soft bones) which can cause fractures and bone deformity (in children this is called rickets). […] Untreated secondary hyperparathyroidism can increase the risk of brittle bones (osteoporosis). Patients with chronic kidney disease can affect their bones (called renal osteodystrophy) which, may cause bone pain, weakness and fractures resulting from the failure of the kidneys to maintain normal phosphate and calcium levels.

• #2 Familial Isolated Hyperparathyroidism | UCSF Department of Surgery

  https://surgery.ucsf.edu/condition/familial-isolated-hyperparathyroidism

  Disruption of the normal calcium balance resulting from overactive parathyroid glands causes many of the common signs and symptoms of familial isolated hyperparathyroidism, such as kidney stones, nausea, vomiting, high blood pressure (hypertension), weakness, and fatigue. […] Because calcium is removed from bones to be released into the bloodstream, hyperparathyroidism often causes thinning of the bones (osteoporosis). […] Often, the first indication of the condition is elevated calcium levels identified through a routine blood test, even though the affected individual may not yet have signs or symptoms of hyperparathyroidism or hypercalcemia. […] Overproduction of parathyroid hormone from these abnormal glands stimulates the release of excess calcium into the blood, leading to the signs and symptoms of familial isolated hyperparathyroidism. […] The excess calcium causes the characteristic features of this condition.

• #2 Primary Hyperparathyroidism – Parathyroid UK

  https://parathyroiduk.org/hyperparathyroidism/primary-hyperparathyroidism/

  Hypercalcaemia can be a life threatening condition if it is not treated. […] If Primary Hyperparathyroidism goes undiagnosed, further complications can develop. […] Increased parathyroid hormone in your blood causes too much calcium to be released from your bones, which can lead to weakness and bone pain. This can eventually cause osteopenia and osteoporosis. […] Patients whose PHPT goes undiagnosed for a long time and who therefore suffer from hypercalcaemia over a long period of time, may develop some of the following symptoms: fits, uncoordinated muscles (affecting walking, talking and eating), changes in personality and/or hallucinations.

• #2 Parathyroid Symptoms – Signs of Hyperparathyroidism | Dr. Larian

  https://www.hyperparathyroidmd.com/hyperparathyroidism-symptoms/

  Since HPT is caused by a hormonal imbalance that causes increased production of PTH (more than your body’s needs), there is continued loss of calcium from bones. […] However, as the person who has HPT continues to go untreated, the majority of symptoms continue to progress and get worse in time. […] Yes, but it is not caused usually directly by increased calcium or PTH but rather by the impact of this disease on other organs such as the kidney and the heart. […] There are multiple studies showing hyperparathyroidism is associated with increased risk of cancer development.

• #2 Hyperparathyroidism in Children – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health

  https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=hyperparathyroidism-in-children-90-P01958

  Symptoms can occur a bit differently in each child. They can include: […] Symptoms can include bone pain, kidney pain, and joint aches. […] The condition can cause thinning bones (osteoporosis) and kidney stones. […] If untreated, the condition can lead to serious complications including: Thin bones (osteoporosis), Broken bones, Other bone problems, Kidney stones, Kidney disease, Inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis), High blood pressure, Heart problems including arrhythmias, Enlarged ventricles in the heart, Heart valve damage, Depression, Memory problems. […] Even after surgery, a child may need life-long checking for symptoms of high calcium levels in the blood.

• #2 Hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome: MedlinePlus GeneticsLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/hyperparathyroidism-jaw-tumor-syndrome/

  Hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome is a condition characterized by overactivity of the parathyroid glands (hyperparathyroidism). Hyperparathyroidism disrupts the normal balance of calcium in the blood, which can lead to kidney stones, thinning of the bones (osteoporosis), nausea, vomiting, high blood pressure (hypertension), weakness, and fatigue. About 95 percent of people with hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome will develop hyperparathyroidism during their lifetime. […] In people with hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome, hyperparathyroidism is caused by tumors that form in the parathyroid glands. The tumors are usually a noncancerous (benign) type of tumor called an adenoma. Approximately 15 percent of people with hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome develop a cancerous tumor called parathyroid carcinoma.

• #2 Grateful Mother and Daughter Spread the Word about Hyperparathyroidism – Department of Surgery

  https://www.surgery.wisc.edu/2023/01/20/grateful-mother-and-daughter-spread-the-word-about-hyperparathyroidism/

  Joelle had also been experiencing symptoms of the disease. Suffering from constant fatigue, memory loss, deep bone pain, hair loss, and weak, split nails, Joelle had talked to her healthcare providers and been told those symptoms just come with age. […] Alyssa has this advice for patients who are struggling with their symptoms and have not received an accurate diagnosis: Don’t give up if you aren’t getting what you need from a doctor, keep pushing forward. No matter how complicated your case is, there is hope. Don’t ever think you’re alone.

• #2 Primary Hyperparathyroidism | Columbia Surgery

  https://columbiasurgery.org/conditions-and-treatments/primary-hyperparathyroidism

  Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) is a disease in which one or more of the parathyroid glands are hyperactive and make too much parathyroid hormone (PTH). This constantly high PTH level causes an increase in blood calcium levels. […] Depending on how severe the disease is, PHP may cause virtually no symptoms or it may create severe, life-threatening symptoms. Doctors use the phrase „stones, bones, groans, psychic moans, and fatigue overtones” to remember that PHP can cause kidney stones, osteoporosis (i.e. weak bones), abdominal pain (i.e. pancreatitis, reflux disease), mental issues (i.e. depression, irritability, worsening concentration, worsening short-term memory, „brain fog”), and fatigue or low motivation levels among other things. […] When calcium levels become dangerously high (i.e. 13-15 range), patients may present in hypercalcemic crisis where their organs are failing and they are in a comatose or near-comatose state.

• #3 Primary Hyperparathyroidism – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441895/

  Primary hyperparathyroidism is an endocrine disorder characterized by increased parathyroid hormone secretion, leading to hypercalcemia and renal and skeletal complications. […] Primary hyperparathyroidism is usually asymptomatic when initially diagnosed. […] Some degree of depression, anxiety, fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, memory loss, and similar psychological symptoms are found in 23% of patients severely affected with hyperparathyroidism. […] Most patients diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism have normal serum phosphorus levels. However, the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism is likely in patients with hypercalcemia and hypophosphatemia. […] Most patients with primary hyperparathyroidism are asymptomatic, diagnosed when hypercalcemia is incidentally discovered on a chemistry profile.

• #3 Hyperparathyroidism > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/hyperparathyroidism

  Symptoms include fatigue, muscle weakness, depression, memory problems, bone pain. […] Most people with hyperparathyroidism dont notice any symptoms. Those who do may experience bone pain, muscle weakness, and fatigue. […] Common symptoms of hyperparathyroidism are: Fatigue, Muscle weakness, Depression, Memory problems or forgetfulness, Bone pain, Weak, fragile wrist, hip, and back bones that break easily, Joint pain due to calcium crystals in the joint fluid, Loss of appetite, Nausea or vomiting, Constipation, Confusion, Kidney stones, Increased urination, Increased thirst. […] People with secondary hyperparathyroidism may additionally have: Low calcium levels, Stress fractures in the pelvis and midfeet, Spontaneous rupture of a tendon. […] People with tertiary hyperparathyroidism additionally may have: Kidney disease, Calcium deposits in soft tissue and blood vessels, Itchiness, Changes in mental status.

• #3 Hyperparathyroidism: Symptoms, Causes, & Treatment

  https://patient.info/hormones/thyroid-and-parathyroid-glands/hyperparathyroidism

  Not everyone with hyperparathyroidism has complications. However, sometimes complications may develop. If you have primary or tertiary hyperparathyroidism, these complications are mostly due to a long-standing high level of calcium in your blood. They can include: Kidney stones. Small stones may be passed in the urine without you noticing. Larger stones may get stuck, causing pain in your loin area that you then feel in your groin. You may also notice blood in your urine. […] In all types of hyperparathyroidism (including secondary hyperparathyroidism), the increased level of parathyroid hormone circulating in your blood causes high amounts of calcium to be released from your bones. This can cause weakness and 'thinning’ of your bones – a condition known as osteopenia or, if more severe, osteoporosis. Your bones may become more susceptible to breaks or fractures.

• #3 Symptoms of Hyperparathyroidism and Symptoms of Parathyroid Disease.

  https://www.parathyroid.com/parathyroid-symptoms.htm

  The number one symptom that people with hyperparathyroidism complain about is fatigue. Just over 82% of our last 28,000 patients said this was their main problem. […] Osteoporosis caused by parathyroid disease causes bone fractures. Patients with persistently elevated calcium levels due to overproduction of parathyroid hormone can also have complaints of bone pain. […] Another frequent symptom of parathyroid disease is depression. Just under 48% of our last 22,000 patients were either diagnosed with „depression” or were put on an anti-depressant within the previous 2 years. […] High blood pressure is another symptom of hyperparathyroidism. As many as 75% of patients with parathyroid disease will have high blood pressure (hypertension). […] Another common presentation for persistently elevated calcium levels due to parathyroid disease is the development of kidney stones.

• #3 Hyperparathyroidism

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hyperparathyroidism/

  Hyperparathyroidism affects people differently. Some people have mild or no symptoms, while others have many. […] The symptoms may not relate to the level of calcium in your blood. For example, some people with a slightly raised calcium level may have symptoms, while others with high calcium levels may have few or no symptoms at all. […] A diagnosis may be missed or delayed because there are no symptoms or they are vague, like feeling tired, and thought to be caused by another condition. […] Possible signs of hyperparathyroidism include: depression, tiredness, feeling thirsty and peeing a lot, feeling sick and losing your appetite, muscle weakness, constipation, tummy pain, loss of concentration, mild confusion. […] If hyperparathyroidism is not treated, it can lead to high blood calcium levels (hypercalcaemia), which may cause: being sick (vomiting), drowsiness, dehydration, confusion, muscle spasms, bone pain or tenderness, joint pain, irregular heartbeat, high blood pressure (hypertension).

• #3 Reversible Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Primary Hyperparathyroidism after Parathyroidectomy

  https://www.kjfp.or.kr/journal/view.html?uid=1143&vmd=Full&

  Primary hyperparathyroidism, mainly caused by parathyroid adenoma, is a disease in which most patients are asymptomatic and usually diagnosed incidentally by routine laboratory tests. […] Even if symptoms are present, they tend to be nonspecific, such as fatigue, irritability, and weakness, making primary hyperparathyroidism difficult to diagnose based only on symptoms. […] She had neuropsychiatric symptoms, such as lack of energy and concentration, foggy state, sleeplessness, nervousness, depressive symptoms, and multiple musculoskeletal pain. […] Neuropsychiatric symptoms appear in 20% of symptomatic hyperparathyroidism cases. […] Younger patients often complain of a lack of energy and concentration, a foggy state, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. […] The patients symptoms, chronic musculoskeletal pain, and neuropsychiatric symptoms improved after surgery, and the number of hospital visits decreased.

• #3 Hyperparathyroidism – Atlanta Parathyroid – Northwest ENT

  https://www.thyroid-parathyroid.com/primary-hyperparathyroidism/

  Symptoms can be very obvious such as kidney stones, frequent headaches, and depression. However, they can also be very subtle, like high blood pressure and the inability to concentrate. […] This is the most common symptom of hyperparathyroidism, with up to 80% of patients reporting it as their primary problem. […] This is also a very common symptom of hyperparathyroidism. […] As discussed earlier, chronically high levels of PTH cause the body to continually pull calcium from the bones making them weak. […] About half of parathyroid patients describe having acid reflux, or gastroesophogeal reflux disease (GERD). […] Because the symptoms can be so gradual and subtle, it is oftentimes a family member who detects a change in personality over several years. […] It is important to note that the severity of the symptoms is NOT related to the level of calcium.

• #3 Parathyroid Symptoms – Signs of Hyperparathyroidism | Dr. Larian

  https://www.hyperparathyroidmd.com/hyperparathyroidism-symptoms/

  Many patients say they feel old, their body aches, or don’t have the same zest for life. […] Because the symptoms of hyperparathyroid disease are so nonspecific and patients can experience any combination of symptoms, a lot of patients are not properly diagnosed as having a parathyroid disorder and continue to live in pain. […] These symptoms can be caused by high blood calcium levels and could include: Nausea and vomiting, Dehydration, Cardiac arrhythmias, Heart palpitations, Elevated blood pressure, Kidney stones, Kidney disease or failure. […] Hyperparathyroidism can affect different areas of the body, including the bones and joints. […] Hyperparathyroidism may present in many different forms on laboratory tests, such as normocalcemic or normohormonal hyperparathyroidism shown in the table below.

• #3 Secondary Hyperparathyroidism Associated With Worsening Symptoms – Renal and Urology News

  https://www.renalandurologynews.com/news/secondary-hyperparathyroidism-associated-with-worsening-symptoms/

  Patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) experience worsening of certain symptoms as parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels increase, new data suggest. […] Increases in PTH levels over time were significantly associated with worsening of tiredness, bone aches and stiffness, muscle soreness, joint aches, overall pain, and itchy skin, Adrian Levy, PhD, of Dalhousie University in Halifax, Nova Scotia, and collaborators reported in the American Journal of Kidney Diseases. […] Overall, symptoms were most severe when PTH levels increased by 1000 pg/mL or more. […] If proven valid and reliable, future treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism could be based on symptoms such as aches/soreness/pain, itchy skin, and/or tiredness in addition to levels of PTH and other laboratory markers of disordered mineral metabolism, Dr Levys team wrote.

• #3 Symptoms of Hyperparathyroidism – CalciumPro

  http://calciumpro.com/symptoms-of-hyperparathyroidism/

  Patients with hyperparathyroidism have a higher incidence of heart attacks and heart-related deaths. Recent studies have shown that the small arteries of the heart are affected by the high calcium and by the PTH, decreasing blood flow to the heart increasing the rate of heart attacks. […] Patients with hyperparathyroidism have a higher rate of: stroke, heart failure, heart attack, atrial fibrillation, cardiomyopathy, renal failure, depression, shingles, kidney stones, osteoporosis, serious bone fractures, need for hip replacement, GERD, high blood pressure, memory loss, chronic fatigue, MGUS, anemia, cancers of the breast, colon, kidney, and prostate, and early death. Because of these increased risks, experts now believe that it is best to remove the tumor when the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism is made, rather than wait until these complications arise.

• #3 Hyperparathyroidism, A Forgotten Cause of Musculoskeletal Pain | Reumatología Clínica

  https://www.reumatologiaclinica.org/en-hyperparathyroidism-a-forgotten-cause-musculoskeletal-articulo-S2173574312000937

  Endocrine disorders often have rheumatic manifestations, which can sometimes be the first characteristic of the disease. Among these disorders is hyperparathyroidism, which is classically manifested by the presence of kidney stones, fractures, pancreatitis and psychiatric disorders. A woman aged 57 was admitted due to widespread pain, sleep disturbances, headache, fatigue and loss of function of upper and lower limbs. […] Musculoskeletal symptoms, as well as fatigue and sleep disorders, showed marked improvement after surgical treatment. […] Patients may complain of nonspecific disorders, such as fatigue, depression, weakness, memory loss, sleep disturbances and altered concentration. The presence of arthralgia and myalgia, particularly affecting the proximal muscles of the shoulder and pelvic girdles, mimicking polymyalgia rheumatica, is frequent, and arthritis can also mimic gout or pseudogout.

• #3 Primary hyperparathyroidism: Symptoms, causes, treatment, and outlook

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/primary-hyperparathyroidism

  Primary hyperparathyroidism occurs when the parathyroid glands produce too much parathyroid hormone (PTH). This can lead to health complications. […] The symptoms of primary hyperparathyroidism can vary widely, and some people may not experience any noticeable symptoms. […] Common symptoms include fatigue, weakness, bone pain, kidney stones, frequent urination, and digestive issues. […] Without treatment, primary hyperparathyroidism can lead to more severe complications over time, such as osteoporosis and fractures. […] Furthermore, almost 1 in 4 people with persistent high calcium levels have some degree of mental health complications, including depression, anxiety, cognitive dysfunction, and memory loss. […] With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, the outlook for individuals with primary hyperparathyroidism is generally positive. […] The excess PTH disrupts calcium balance in the body and can cause complications such as kidney stones, heart problems, and loss of bone density. Symptoms can vary but may include fatigue, bone pain, and frequent urination.

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