Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Dengue Fever: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17753-dengue-fever

  How is dengue fever treated? […] Theres no medicine that treats dengue fever. Your healthcare provider will give you recommendations on how to manage your symptoms and if and when you should go to the ER. […] Managing your symptoms is the only way to treat dengue fever. Follow your healthcare providers recommendations, which may include: […] Keeping yourself hydrated by drinking plenty of water and fluids. […] Getting as much rest as possible. […] Treating pain with acetaminophen (like Tylenol) only. […] Do not take ibuprofen (like Advil) or aspirin. This can increase your risk of life-threatening internal bleeding.

• #2 Clinical Care of Dengue | Dengue | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/hcp/clinical-care/index.html

  No specific medicines are available for dengue. […] No treatment: no specific antiviral agents exist for dengue. […] Supportive care is advised: patients should be advised to stay well hydrated and to avoid aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), aspirin-containing drugs, and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (such as ibuprofen) because of their anticoagulant properties. […] Fever should be controlled with acetaminophen and tepid sponge baths. […] For patients who develop severe dengue, close observation and frequent monitoring in an intensive care unit may be required. […] Administration of corticosteroids has no demonstrated benefit and is potentially harmful to patients; corticosteroids should not be used except in the case of autoimmune-related complication (e.g., hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, immune thrombocytopenia purpura).

• #3 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  While dengue fever is generally self-limiting, supportive measures including analgesics, fluid replacement, and bed rest typically are sufficient for recovery. Patients are encouraged to stay well-hydrated and should avoid medications such as aspirin, aspirin-containing products, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen due to their anticoagulant properties. Fever can be effectively managed with acetaminophen and tepid sponge baths. To minimize the risk of further transmission, febrile patients should take precautions to avoid mosquito bites. […] In cases of severe dengue, careful fluid management and prompt treatment of hemorrhagic complications are critical. Research efforts, such as those by the Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases in Singapore, are underway to identify inhibitors of dengue viral proteins to help reduce viral load during active infection. Additionally, a study found that a single dose of methylprednisolone does not provide a mortality benefit in treating dengue shock syndrome.

• #4

  https://journals.lww.com/idi/fulltext/2021/10000/guidelines_for_the_diagnosis_and_treatment_of.6.aspx

  The principles of treatment are early detection, early diagnosis, early mosquito prevention and isolation, and early treatment. […] There is no specific antiviral treatment for dengue fever, and the main measures are symptomatic support treatment, general management, and preventive treatment. […] General management includes (1) bed rest and light semi-liquid diet; (2) anti-mosquito isolation until the fever subsides and symptoms resolve; (3) monitoring of consciousness, vital signs, fluid intake and output, urine volume, blood count, liver and kidney function, cardiac enzymes, and warning signs of severe dengue. […] Symptomatic treatment includes: (1) Reduce fever: Physical cooling is the mainstay, and warm baths can be used; acetaminophen can be administered to patients with high fever if they cannot tolerate it. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), ibuprofen, and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used with caution to avoid aggravating gastritis or bleeding. (2) Rehydration: In cases of heavy sweating or diarrhea, rehydration is given according to the patient’s level of dehydration, with oral rehydration as the mainstay. (3) Sedation and pain relief: Symptomatic treatment such as Valium may be given. (4) The elderly, pregnant women and those with underlying illnesses should be hospitalized promptly and given close observation and rehydration treatment. (5) Traditional Chinese medicine dialectical treatment according to the patient’s wishes.

• #5 Dengue Fever > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/dengue-fever

  Treatment includes acetaminophen, rest, hydration, oxygen, blood transfusion […] There is no cure for dengue, and there are no antivirals or other medications to treat it. Because most cases of dengue resolve on their own within a week or two, treatment is supportive, meaning it aims to reduce symptoms. […] People with dengue who do not have any warning signs of severe dengue can usually be cared for at home. At-home treatment includes: Rest, Drink plenty of fluids, Take acetaminophen (e.g., Tylenol) to manage fever and pain. […] Immediate medical attention is necessary if any warning signs of severe dengue are present. Infants, pregnant women, older adults, and people with certain conditions, including diabetes, kidney failure, and obesity, who are at greater risk of severe dengue, may need to be treated in a hospital or clinic. […] Treatment for people with severe dengue warning signs or severe dengue may include: Oral or IV fluids, Blood transfusion.

• #6

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue

  Prevention and control of dengue depend on vector control. There is no specific treatment for dengue/severe dengue, and early detection and access to proper medical care greatly lower fatality rates of severe dengue. […] Dengue is treated with pain medicine as there is no specific treatment currently. […] There is no specific treatment for dengue. The focus is on treating pain symptoms. Most cases of dengue fever can be treated at home with pain medicine. […] Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is often used to control pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen and aspirin are avoided as they can increase the risk of bleeding. […] For people with severe dengue, hospitalization is often needed. […] If you get dengue, it’s important to: rest; drink plenty of liquids; use acetaminophen (paracetamol) for pain; avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, like ibuprofen and aspirin; and watch for severe symptoms and contact your doctor as soon as possible if you notice any. […] So far one vaccine (QDenga) has been approved and licensed in some countries. However, it is recommended only for the age group of 6 to 16 years in high transmission settings. Several additional vaccines are under evaluation.

• #7 Dengue fever – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dengue-fever/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353084

  No specific treatment for dengue fever exists. […] While recovering from dengue fever, drink plenty of fluids. […] The over-the-counter (OTC) drug acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) can help reduce muscle pain and fever. But if you have dengue fever, you should avoid other OTC pain relievers, including aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen sodium (Aleve). These pain relievers can increase the risk of dengue fever bleeding complications. […] If you have severe dengue fever, you may need: […] Supportive care in a hospital […] Intravenous (IV) fluid and electrolyte replacement […] Blood pressure monitoring […] Transfusion to replace blood loss.

• #8 Dengue Fever: Symptoms, Vaccine, Treatment, and Prevention

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/dengue-fever-reference

  There is no specific medicine to treat dengue infection. If you think you may have dengue fever, take pain relievers such as acetaminophen (Tylenol). Avoid nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin and ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), which could worsen bleeding. Rest and drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration. If your symptoms are severe or they dont improve at home, call your doctor. You may need treatment in a hospital.

• #9 Dengue Fever: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17753-dengue-fever

  How is dengue fever treated? […] Theres no medicine that treats dengue fever. Your healthcare provider will give you recommendations on how to manage your symptoms and if and when you should go to the ER. […] Managing your symptoms is the only way to treat dengue fever. Follow your healthcare providers recommendations, which may include: […] Keeping yourself hydrated by drinking plenty of water and fluids. […] Getting as much rest as possible. […] Treating pain with acetaminophen (like Tylenol) only. […] Do not take ibuprofen (like Advil) or aspirin. This can increase your risk of life-threatening internal bleeding.

• #10 Manage Dengue | Dengue | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/treatment/index.html

  There is no specific medicine to treat dengue. […] See a healthcare provider if you develop a fever or have symptoms of dengue. […] For mild symptoms, care for a sick person at home. […] Rest as much as possible. […] Take acetaminophen (also known as paracetamol outside of the US) to control fever and relieve pain. […] Do not take aspirin or ibuprofen! […] Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated. Drink water or drinks with added electrolytes. […] For mild symptoms, care for a sick infant, child, or family member at home. […] Symptoms of dengue can become severe within a few hours. Severe dengue is a medical emergency.

• #11 Clinical Care of Dengue | Dengue | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/hcp/clinical-care/index.html

  No specific medicines are available for dengue. […] No treatment: no specific antiviral agents exist for dengue. […] Supportive care is advised: patients should be advised to stay well hydrated and to avoid aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), aspirin-containing drugs, and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (such as ibuprofen) because of their anticoagulant properties. […] Fever should be controlled with acetaminophen and tepid sponge baths. […] For patients who develop severe dengue, close observation and frequent monitoring in an intensive care unit may be required. […] Administration of corticosteroids has no demonstrated benefit and is potentially harmful to patients; corticosteroids should not be used except in the case of autoimmune-related complication (e.g., hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, immune thrombocytopenia purpura).

• #12 Dengue

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dengue/

  Most people with dengue feel better in a few days. […] There is no treatment for dengue, but you can help ease your symptoms by: resting, drinking plenty of fluids, taking paracetamol to help bring down your temperature and ease any pain. […] Do not take anti-inflammatory painkillers like ibuprofen or aspirin. These can cause bleeding problems if you have dengue. […] If you have severe dengue, you’ll need to stay in hospital until you recover.

• #13 Dengue fever – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dengue-fever/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353084

  No specific treatment for dengue fever exists. […] While recovering from dengue fever, drink plenty of fluids. […] The over-the-counter (OTC) drug acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) can help reduce muscle pain and fever. But if you have dengue fever, you should avoid other OTC pain relievers, including aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen sodium (Aleve). These pain relievers can increase the risk of dengue fever bleeding complications. […] If you have severe dengue fever, you may need: […] Supportive care in a hospital […] Intravenous (IV) fluid and electrolyte replacement […] Blood pressure monitoring […] Transfusion to replace blood loss.

• #14 Clinical Care of Dengue | Dengue | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/hcp/clinical-care/index.html

  No specific medicines are available for dengue. […] No treatment: no specific antiviral agents exist for dengue. […] Supportive care is advised: patients should be advised to stay well hydrated and to avoid aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), aspirin-containing drugs, and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (such as ibuprofen) because of their anticoagulant properties. […] Fever should be controlled with acetaminophen and tepid sponge baths. […] For patients who develop severe dengue, close observation and frequent monitoring in an intensive care unit may be required. […] Administration of corticosteroids has no demonstrated benefit and is potentially harmful to patients; corticosteroids should not be used except in the case of autoimmune-related complication (e.g., hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, immune thrombocytopenia purpura).

• #15 Dengue fever – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/dengue-fever

  There is no specific treatment for dengue fever. Fluids are given if there are signs of dehydration. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is used to treat a high fever. […] Avoid taking aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), and naproxen (Aleve). They may increase bleeding problems. […] Severe dengue is a medical emergency. It must be treated immediately at a hospital. Treatment for severe dengue is supportive and may include: […] Fluids given through a vein (IV) […] Oxygen […] Blood pressure management […] Blood transfusions.

• #16 Dengue Fever: What Are Your Treatment Options? – DoctorOnCall

  https://www.doctoroncall.com.my/health-centre/dengue/dengue-fever/dengue-treatment

  There is no specific treatment for dengue. Patients are often monitored closely and provided care to address symptoms and alleviate discomfort. This is known as supportive care. It involves taking measures to relieve the symptoms and supporting the body as it fights the infection. Medical treatment may include pain relievers and fever medications such as paracetamol. Painkillers like Aspirin and NSAIDs should be avoided to prevent the risk of bleeding. […] In severe cases of dengue fever, hospitalization may be necessary. Treatment in the hospital may include receiving fluids through an intravenous (IV) line and receiving blood transfusions if necessary. […] To recap, there is no treatment for dengue fever. As such, supportive management is taken by healthcare professionals to manage the symptoms of dengue. For those recovering from dengue, adequate rest, nutrition and hydration may be helpful.

• #17 Dengue Treatment in Delhi, India | Signs, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis & Prevention

  https://www.maxhealthcare.in/our-specialities/internal-medicine/conditions-treatments/dengue

  Currently, there is no specific antiviral treatment for dengue. Management of dengue focuses on supportive care to alleviate symptoms and prevent complications. The treatment approach varies depending on the severity of the disease: […] For cases of mild dengue, treatment includes: […] Staying well-hydrated is crucial. Patients should drink plenty of fluids, such as water, oral rehydration solutions, and electrolyte-containing drinks to prevent dehydration. […] Over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen (paracetamol) can help reduce fever and alleviate pain. Aspirin, ibuprofen, and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should be avoided as they can increase the risk of bleeding. […] Patients with severe dengue are usually hospitalised to receive intensive medical care.

• #18 Dengue Fever Medications: 5 Medicines to Take for Symptoms – Tua Saúde

  https://www.tuasaude.com/en/dengue-fever-medications/

  Metoclopramide is an antiemetic that may be recommended by your doctor to relieve nausea and vomiting caused by dengue fever. […] Dimenhydrinate is another antiemetic that may be indicated for dengue fever, as it helps to relieve nausea and vomiting. […] Loratadine is an anthistamine that is indicated to relieve intense skin itching caused by dengue fever. […] Oral rehydration solutions help to replace fluids and minerals that are lost from vomiting. They are taken to prevent dehydration. […] In cases of severe dehydration, the doctor may advise hospitalization for IV fluids. […] Some medications are contraindicated for cases of dengue fever as they can worsen the disease. These include: acetylsalicylic acid, Ibuprofen, Ketoprofen, Diclofenac, Naproxen, Indomethacin, Warfarin, Dexamethasone, Prednisone or prednisolone. […] Ivermectin is not indicated for dengue, as it is an antiparasitic medication that has not been scientifically proven to combat the dengue virus or reduce its viral load. […] Therefore, ivermectin is not indicated for the treatment or prevention of dengue.

• #19

  https://journals.lww.com/idi/fulltext/2021/10000/guidelines_for_the_diagnosis_and_treatment_of.6.aspx

  Patients with severe dengue need to be hospitalized, with close monitoring for consciousness, urine output, vital signs, and blood lactate levels when available. […] Rehydration therapy is vital in people at high risk of severe dengue. Early intravenous rehydration may reduce the severity of the disease if the patient has early warning signs of severe dengue or shows signs of plasma leakage, and reasonable rehydration may reduce the incidence of shock. […] Recommendation 9: Monitor temperature, white blood cells, platelets, HCT, blood glucose, urine output, liquid intake and output volume, and liver and kidney function dynamically (A1). […] Recommendation 12: Enhanced supportive symptomatic treatment may improve the prognosis (A1). […] Recommendation 17: Dynamic monitoring of mental status, blood pressure, heart rate, urine output, HCT, hemoglobin, platelets, and oxygen saturation is useful in assessing the severity of the disease and guiding treatment (A1). […] Recommendation 19: Intravenous rehydration is the mainstay for severe dengue, but it is important to prevent fluid overload (A1).

• #20 Dengue: Moving from Current Standard of Care to State-of-the-Art Treatment

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4431705/

  Treatment of dengue remains supportive in the absence of targeted antiviral therapy or approved vaccines. […] Responsive fluid management is key to preventing progression to shock or other severe manifestations. […] The failure of recent randomized controlled trials to show utility for antiviral and immunomodulatory agents in dengue is disappointing. […] Dengue management algorithms have been developed by the WHO South East Asia Regional Organization (SEARO) and the WHO Pan American Health Organization, which have been further adapted in national guidelines. […] The primary modality for therapeutic intervention in dengue is fluid management. […] Treatment of mild dehydration is the mainstay of hospitalized dengue. […] By good fluid management at the transition to the critical phase, the aim is primary prevention of progression to shock.

• #21 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Oral rehydration therapy is recommended for patients with moderate dehydration caused by high fever and vomiting. Patients with known or suspected dengue fever should have their platelet count and hematocrit measured daily from the third day of illness until 1-2 days after defervescence. Patients with clinical signs of dehydration and patients with a rising hematocrit level or falling platelet count should have intravascular volume deficits replaced under close observation. […] Successful management of severe dengue requires careful attention to fluid management and proactive treatment of hemorrhage. Admission to an intensive care unit is indicated for patients with dengue shock syndrome. Patients may need a central intravenous line for volume replacement and an arterial line for accurate blood pressure monitoring and frequent blood tests.

• #22 Dengue fever – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dengue_fever

  Treatment of dengue fever is symptomatic, as there is no specific treatment for dengue fever. […] In mild cases, treatment focuses on treating pain. Severe cases of dengue require hospitalisation; treatment of acute dengue is supportive and includes giving fluid either by mouth or intravenously. […] Most cases of dengue fever have mild symptoms, and recovery takes place in a few days. No treatment is required for these cases. Acetaminophen (Paracetamol, Tylenol) may be used to relieve mild fever or pain. Other common pain relievers, including aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen sodium (Aleve) should be avoided as they can increase the risk of bleeding complications. […] For moderate illness, those who can drink, are passing urine, have no warning signs and are otherwise reasonably healthy can be monitored carefully at home. Supportive care with analgesics, fluid replacement, and bed rest are recommended. […] Severe dengue is a life-threatening emergency, requiring hospitalization and potentially intensive care. Warning signs include dehydration, decreasing platelets and increasing hematocrit. Treatment modes include intravenous fluids, and transfusion with platelets or plasma.

• #23 Dengue Fever Information & Treatment

  https://www.columbiadoctors.org/health-library/condition/dengue-fever/

  There is no medicine for treating dengue fever. Mild cases may be treated at home with rest and plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration. You may take acetaminophen (Tylenol) for pain. But don’t take anti-inflammatory medicines like aspirin, ibuprofen (such as Advil or Motrin), or naproxen (such as Aleve). They may increase the risk of bleeding. Be safe with medicines. Read and follow all instructions on the label. People with mild cases of dengue fever usually feel better within 2 weeks. […] Dengue hemorrhagic fever, the more serious form of dengue fever, usually requires treatment in a hospital. You may need intravenous (I.V.) fluids to treat dehydration. You also may need a blood transfusion to replace lost blood. You will be closely watched for signs of shock.

• #24 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Oral rehydration therapy is recommended for patients with moderate dehydration caused by high fever and vomiting. Patients with known or suspected dengue fever should have their platelet count and hematocrit measured daily from the third day of illness until 1-2 days after defervescence. Patients with clinical signs of dehydration and patients with a rising hematocrit level or falling platelet count should have intravascular volume deficits replaced under close observation. […] Successful management of severe dengue requires careful attention to fluid management and proactive treatment of hemorrhage. Admission to an intensive care unit is indicated for patients with dengue shock syndrome. Patients may need a central intravenous line for volume replacement and an arterial line for accurate blood pressure monitoring and frequent blood tests.

• #25 Dengue: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-overview

  Dengue fever typically is a self-limited disease with a mortality rate of less than 1% when detected early and with access to proper medical care. When treated, severe dengue has a mortality rate of 2-5%, but, when left untreated, the mortality rate is as high as 20%. […] Diagnosis is made through serologic testing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), whereas treatment focuses on symptomatic relief. For dengue hemorrhagic fever, careful management of intravascular volume replacement is crucial. […] Oral rehydration therapy is recommended for patients with moderate dehydration caused by high fever and vomiting. […] Patients who develop signs of severe dengue warrant closer observation. Admission for close volume status monitoring and intravenous fluid administration is indicated for patients who develop signs of dehydration, such as the following: Tachycardia, Prolonged capillary refill time, Cool or mottled skin, Diminished pulse amplitude, Altered mental status, Decreased urine output, Rising hematocrit, Narrowed pulse pressure, Hypotension. […] Patients with internal or gastrointestinal bleeding may require transfusion, and patients with coagulopathy may require fresh frozen plasma.

• #26

  https://journals.lww.com/idi/fulltext/2021/10000/guidelines_for_the_diagnosis_and_treatment_of.6.aspx

  Patients with severe dengue need to be hospitalized, with close monitoring for consciousness, urine output, vital signs, and blood lactate levels when available. […] Rehydration therapy is vital in people at high risk of severe dengue. Early intravenous rehydration may reduce the severity of the disease if the patient has early warning signs of severe dengue or shows signs of plasma leakage, and reasonable rehydration may reduce the incidence of shock. […] Recommendation 9: Monitor temperature, white blood cells, platelets, HCT, blood glucose, urine output, liquid intake and output volume, and liver and kidney function dynamically (A1). […] Recommendation 12: Enhanced supportive symptomatic treatment may improve the prognosis (A1). […] Recommendation 17: Dynamic monitoring of mental status, blood pressure, heart rate, urine output, HCT, hemoglobin, platelets, and oxygen saturation is useful in assessing the severity of the disease and guiding treatment (A1). […] Recommendation 19: Intravenous rehydration is the mainstay for severe dengue, but it is important to prevent fluid overload (A1).

• #27 Dengue fever | Communicable Diseases Agency

  https://www.cda.gov.sg/professionals/diseases/dengue-fever

  Supportive. […] Paracetamol for fever (avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) […] Intravenous fluids for hypotension and dehydration (avoid over-hydration precipitating pulmonary oedema in DHF) […] Daily platelet and haematocrit measurement when platelets drop below 100,000/mm3 […] Complete bed rest for platelet count less than 50,000/mm3 […] There is no evidence that prophylactic platelet transfusion (in the absence of bleeding) is beneficial.

• #28

  https://journals.lww.com/idi/fulltext/2021/10000/guidelines_for_the_diagnosis_and_treatment_of.6.aspx

  The principles of treatment are early detection, early diagnosis, early mosquito prevention and isolation, and early treatment. […] There is no specific antiviral treatment for dengue fever, and the main measures are symptomatic support treatment, general management, and preventive treatment. […] General management includes (1) bed rest and light semi-liquid diet; (2) anti-mosquito isolation until the fever subsides and symptoms resolve; (3) monitoring of consciousness, vital signs, fluid intake and output, urine volume, blood count, liver and kidney function, cardiac enzymes, and warning signs of severe dengue. […] Symptomatic treatment includes: (1) Reduce fever: Physical cooling is the mainstay, and warm baths can be used; acetaminophen can be administered to patients with high fever if they cannot tolerate it. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), ibuprofen, and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used with caution to avoid aggravating gastritis or bleeding. (2) Rehydration: In cases of heavy sweating or diarrhea, rehydration is given according to the patient’s level of dehydration, with oral rehydration as the mainstay. (3) Sedation and pain relief: Symptomatic treatment such as Valium may be given. (4) The elderly, pregnant women and those with underlying illnesses should be hospitalized promptly and given close observation and rehydration treatment. (5) Traditional Chinese medicine dialectical treatment according to the patient’s wishes.

• #29 Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever/Dengue Shock Syndrome – Infectious Diseases – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/infectious-diseases/arboviruses-arenaviridae-and-filoviridae/dengue-hemorrhagic-fever-dengue-shock-syndrome

  Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever require intensive treatment to maintain euvolemia. […] No antivirals have been shown to improve outcome. […] Maintaining euvolemia is crucial.

• #30 Dengue: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-overview

  Dengue fever typically is a self-limited disease with a mortality rate of less than 1% when detected early and with access to proper medical care. When treated, severe dengue has a mortality rate of 2-5%, but, when left untreated, the mortality rate is as high as 20%. […] Diagnosis is made through serologic testing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), whereas treatment focuses on symptomatic relief. For dengue hemorrhagic fever, careful management of intravascular volume replacement is crucial. […] Oral rehydration therapy is recommended for patients with moderate dehydration caused by high fever and vomiting. […] Patients who develop signs of severe dengue warrant closer observation. Admission for close volume status monitoring and intravenous fluid administration is indicated for patients who develop signs of dehydration, such as the following: Tachycardia, Prolonged capillary refill time, Cool or mottled skin, Diminished pulse amplitude, Altered mental status, Decreased urine output, Rising hematocrit, Narrowed pulse pressure, Hypotension. […] Patients with internal or gastrointestinal bleeding may require transfusion, and patients with coagulopathy may require fresh frozen plasma.

• #31 DENGUE: LATEST ADVANCES IN TREATMENT AND PREVENTION | Mya Care

  https://myacare.com/blog/dengue-latest-advances-in-treatment-and-prevention

  Critical care interventions are crucial in managing severe dengue cases, including using the intensive care unit (ICU). […] ICU admission may be necessary for: Close monitoring of vital signs, Oxygen therapy and advanced respiratory support (if required), Fluid management, Blood and platelet transfusions, Specialized management of organ failure. […] It is worth noting that managing severe dengue demands a multidisciplinary strategy that involves healthcare professionals with expertise in critical care medicine, infectious diseases, and hematology. Individualized treatment based on the patient’s condition and response to therapy is preferable. […] In recent years, advancements in the treatment of dengue, including antiviral medications, immunomodulatory therapies, and the addition of plasmapheresis, have improved the prognosis for those affected.

• #32 Treatment of dengue fever

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3411372/

  The incidence of dengue is rising and the disease is a major public health problem in the tropics. […] There is no specific treatment for dengue other than supportive measures and judicious fluid therapy. Clinical trials have assessed various therapeutic options with minimal success over the last 50 years. […] The mainstay of treatment is still careful fluid management. […] The key management strategy during the critical phase is judicious fluid administration. […] The recommended first-line intravenous fluid is crystalloids (0.9% saline). […] The ideal dose or rapidity with which fluid should be infused has not been demonstrated in the trials, and recommendations are based on treatment practices in centers which have had significant experience in treating dengue patients. […] Despite the practical difficulties in conducting clinical trials on specific therapies and technical difficulties in creating a vaccine, we feel that an equally important and less controversial mode of controlling dengue should not be forgotten. That is the public health aspect of prevention of disease. […] There is currently insufficient evidence to make any recommendation regarding the use of intravenous immunoglobulins in dengue shock, and further studies are required.

• #33 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #34 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #35

  https://journals.lww.com/idi/fulltext/2021/10000/guidelines_for_the_diagnosis_and_treatment_of.6.aspx

  Patients with severe dengue need to be hospitalized, with close monitoring for consciousness, urine output, vital signs, and blood lactate levels when available. […] Rehydration therapy is vital in people at high risk of severe dengue. Early intravenous rehydration may reduce the severity of the disease if the patient has early warning signs of severe dengue or shows signs of plasma leakage, and reasonable rehydration may reduce the incidence of shock. […] Recommendation 9: Monitor temperature, white blood cells, platelets, HCT, blood glucose, urine output, liquid intake and output volume, and liver and kidney function dynamically (A1). […] Recommendation 12: Enhanced supportive symptomatic treatment may improve the prognosis (A1). […] Recommendation 17: Dynamic monitoring of mental status, blood pressure, heart rate, urine output, HCT, hemoglobin, platelets, and oxygen saturation is useful in assessing the severity of the disease and guiding treatment (A1). […] Recommendation 19: Intravenous rehydration is the mainstay for severe dengue, but it is important to prevent fluid overload (A1).

• #36 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #37 Dengue fever | Communicable Diseases Agency

  https://www.cda.gov.sg/professionals/diseases/dengue-fever

  Supportive. […] Paracetamol for fever (avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) […] Intravenous fluids for hypotension and dehydration (avoid over-hydration precipitating pulmonary oedema in DHF) […] Daily platelet and haematocrit measurement when platelets drop below 100,000/mm3 […] Complete bed rest for platelet count less than 50,000/mm3 […] There is no evidence that prophylactic platelet transfusion (in the absence of bleeding) is beneficial.

• #38 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #39 Dengue: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-overview

  Dengue fever typically is a self-limited disease with a mortality rate of less than 1% when detected early and with access to proper medical care. When treated, severe dengue has a mortality rate of 2-5%, but, when left untreated, the mortality rate is as high as 20%. […] Diagnosis is made through serologic testing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), whereas treatment focuses on symptomatic relief. For dengue hemorrhagic fever, careful management of intravascular volume replacement is crucial. […] Oral rehydration therapy is recommended for patients with moderate dehydration caused by high fever and vomiting. […] Patients who develop signs of severe dengue warrant closer observation. Admission for close volume status monitoring and intravenous fluid administration is indicated for patients who develop signs of dehydration, such as the following: Tachycardia, Prolonged capillary refill time, Cool or mottled skin, Diminished pulse amplitude, Altered mental status, Decreased urine output, Rising hematocrit, Narrowed pulse pressure, Hypotension. […] Patients with internal or gastrointestinal bleeding may require transfusion, and patients with coagulopathy may require fresh frozen plasma.

• #40 Dengue fever | Communicable Diseases Agency

  https://www.cda.gov.sg/professionals/diseases/dengue-fever

  Supportive. […] Paracetamol for fever (avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) […] Intravenous fluids for hypotension and dehydration (avoid over-hydration precipitating pulmonary oedema in DHF) […] Daily platelet and haematocrit measurement when platelets drop below 100,000/mm3 […] Complete bed rest for platelet count less than 50,000/mm3 […] There is no evidence that prophylactic platelet transfusion (in the absence of bleeding) is beneficial.

• #41 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #42 Dengue fever – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dengue-fever/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353084

  No specific treatment for dengue fever exists. […] While recovering from dengue fever, drink plenty of fluids. […] The over-the-counter (OTC) drug acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) can help reduce muscle pain and fever. But if you have dengue fever, you should avoid other OTC pain relievers, including aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen sodium (Aleve). These pain relievers can increase the risk of dengue fever bleeding complications. […] If you have severe dengue fever, you may need: […] Supportive care in a hospital […] Intravenous (IV) fluid and electrolyte replacement […] Blood pressure monitoring […] Transfusion to replace blood loss.

• #43 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #44 Dengue fever | Communicable Diseases Agency

  https://www.cda.gov.sg/professionals/diseases/dengue-fever

  Supportive. […] Paracetamol for fever (avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) […] Intravenous fluids for hypotension and dehydration (avoid over-hydration precipitating pulmonary oedema in DHF) […] Daily platelet and haematocrit measurement when platelets drop below 100,000/mm3 […] Complete bed rest for platelet count less than 50,000/mm3 […] There is no evidence that prophylactic platelet transfusion (in the absence of bleeding) is beneficial.

• #45 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #46

  https://journals.lww.com/idi/fulltext/2021/10000/guidelines_for_the_diagnosis_and_treatment_of.6.aspx

  The principles of treatment are early detection, early diagnosis, early mosquito prevention and isolation, and early treatment. […] There is no specific antiviral treatment for dengue fever, and the main measures are symptomatic support treatment, general management, and preventive treatment. […] General management includes (1) bed rest and light semi-liquid diet; (2) anti-mosquito isolation until the fever subsides and symptoms resolve; (3) monitoring of consciousness, vital signs, fluid intake and output, urine volume, blood count, liver and kidney function, cardiac enzymes, and warning signs of severe dengue. […] Symptomatic treatment includes: (1) Reduce fever: Physical cooling is the mainstay, and warm baths can be used; acetaminophen can be administered to patients with high fever if they cannot tolerate it. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), ibuprofen, and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used with caution to avoid aggravating gastritis or bleeding. (2) Rehydration: In cases of heavy sweating or diarrhea, rehydration is given according to the patient’s level of dehydration, with oral rehydration as the mainstay. (3) Sedation and pain relief: Symptomatic treatment such as Valium may be given. (4) The elderly, pregnant women and those with underlying illnesses should be hospitalized promptly and given close observation and rehydration treatment. (5) Traditional Chinese medicine dialectical treatment according to the patient’s wishes.

• #47 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #48 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #49 Dengue fever – including symptoms treatment and prevention | SA Health

  https://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/public+content/sa+health+internet/conditions/infectious+diseases/dengue+fever/dengue+fever+-+including+symptoms+treatment+and+prevention

  Dengue fever is an infection caused by dengue viruses, of which there are four different serotypes known to infect humans. […] Dengue fever is not directly spread from person-to-person. […] Treatment for dengue fever includes general recommendations such as controlling fever and pain with paracetamol rather than aspirin (aspirin may promote bleeding), and increasing fluid intake. […] There is no specific antiviral treatment available. […] Aspirin should not be given to children under 12 years of age unless specifically recommended by a doctor.

• #50 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #51 Dengue Fever (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/dengue.html

  No specific treatment is available for dengue fever. Mild cases are managed with lots of liquids to prevent dehydration and getting plenty of rest. Pain relievers with acetaminophen can help with headaches and pain. Pain relievers with aspirin or ibuprofen should be avoided, as they can make bleeding more likely. […] To treat severe dengue fever at a hospital, doctors will give intravenous (IV) fluids and electrolytes (salts) to replace those lost through vomiting or diarrhea. When started early, this is usually enough to effectively treat the disease. If needed, doctors might do a blood transfusion.

• #52 Dengue Fever (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/dengue.html

  No specific treatment is available for dengue fever. Mild cases are managed with lots of liquids to prevent dehydration and getting plenty of rest. Pain relievers with acetaminophen can help with headaches and pain. Pain relievers with aspirin or ibuprofen should be avoided, as they can make bleeding more likely. […] To treat severe dengue fever at a hospital, doctors will give intravenous (IV) fluids and electrolytes (salts) to replace those lost through vomiting or diarrhea. When started early, this is usually enough to effectively treat the disease. If needed, doctors might do a blood transfusion.

• #53 Dengue Fever (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/dengue.html

  No specific treatment is available for dengue fever. Mild cases are managed with lots of liquids to prevent dehydration and getting plenty of rest. Pain relievers with acetaminophen can help with headaches and pain. Pain relievers with aspirin or ibuprofen should be avoided, as they can make bleeding more likely. […] To treat severe dengue fever at a hospital, doctors will give intravenous (IV) fluids and electrolytes (salts) to replace those lost through vomiting or diarrhea. When started early, this is usually enough to effectively treat the disease. If needed, doctors might do a blood transfusion.

• #54

  https://journals.lww.com/idi/fulltext/2021/10000/guidelines_for_the_diagnosis_and_treatment_of.6.aspx

  The principles of treatment are early detection, early diagnosis, early mosquito prevention and isolation, and early treatment. […] There is no specific antiviral treatment for dengue fever, and the main measures are symptomatic support treatment, general management, and preventive treatment. […] General management includes (1) bed rest and light semi-liquid diet; (2) anti-mosquito isolation until the fever subsides and symptoms resolve; (3) monitoring of consciousness, vital signs, fluid intake and output, urine volume, blood count, liver and kidney function, cardiac enzymes, and warning signs of severe dengue. […] Symptomatic treatment includes: (1) Reduce fever: Physical cooling is the mainstay, and warm baths can be used; acetaminophen can be administered to patients with high fever if they cannot tolerate it. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), ibuprofen, and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used with caution to avoid aggravating gastritis or bleeding. (2) Rehydration: In cases of heavy sweating or diarrhea, rehydration is given according to the patient’s level of dehydration, with oral rehydration as the mainstay. (3) Sedation and pain relief: Symptomatic treatment such as Valium may be given. (4) The elderly, pregnant women and those with underlying illnesses should be hospitalized promptly and given close observation and rehydration treatment. (5) Traditional Chinese medicine dialectical treatment according to the patient’s wishes.

• #55 Dengue fever – including symptoms treatment and prevention | SA Health

  https://www.sahealth.sa.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/public+content/sa+health+internet/conditions/infectious+diseases/dengue+fever/dengue+fever+-+including+symptoms+treatment+and+prevention

  Dengue fever is an infection caused by dengue viruses, of which there are four different serotypes known to infect humans. […] Dengue fever is not directly spread from person-to-person. […] Treatment for dengue fever includes general recommendations such as controlling fever and pain with paracetamol rather than aspirin (aspirin may promote bleeding), and increasing fluid intake. […] There is no specific antiviral treatment available. […] Aspirin should not be given to children under 12 years of age unless specifically recommended by a doctor.

• #56 Dengue Fever (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/dengue.html

  No specific treatment is available for dengue fever. Mild cases are managed with lots of liquids to prevent dehydration and getting plenty of rest. Pain relievers with acetaminophen can help with headaches and pain. Pain relievers with aspirin or ibuprofen should be avoided, as they can make bleeding more likely. […] To treat severe dengue fever at a hospital, doctors will give intravenous (IV) fluids and electrolytes (salts) to replace those lost through vomiting or diarrhea. When started early, this is usually enough to effectively treat the disease. If needed, doctors might do a blood transfusion.

• #57

  https://journals.lww.com/idi/fulltext/2021/10000/guidelines_for_the_diagnosis_and_treatment_of.6.aspx

  The principles of treatment are early detection, early diagnosis, early mosquito prevention and isolation, and early treatment. […] There is no specific antiviral treatment for dengue fever, and the main measures are symptomatic support treatment, general management, and preventive treatment. […] General management includes (1) bed rest and light semi-liquid diet; (2) anti-mosquito isolation until the fever subsides and symptoms resolve; (3) monitoring of consciousness, vital signs, fluid intake and output, urine volume, blood count, liver and kidney function, cardiac enzymes, and warning signs of severe dengue. […] Symptomatic treatment includes: (1) Reduce fever: Physical cooling is the mainstay, and warm baths can be used; acetaminophen can be administered to patients with high fever if they cannot tolerate it. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), ibuprofen, and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used with caution to avoid aggravating gastritis or bleeding. (2) Rehydration: In cases of heavy sweating or diarrhea, rehydration is given according to the patient’s level of dehydration, with oral rehydration as the mainstay. (3) Sedation and pain relief: Symptomatic treatment such as Valium may be given. (4) The elderly, pregnant women and those with underlying illnesses should be hospitalized promptly and given close observation and rehydration treatment. (5) Traditional Chinese medicine dialectical treatment according to the patient’s wishes.

• #58

  https://journals.lww.com/idi/fulltext/2021/10000/guidelines_for_the_diagnosis_and_treatment_of.6.aspx

  The principles of treatment are early detection, early diagnosis, early mosquito prevention and isolation, and early treatment. […] There is no specific antiviral treatment for dengue fever, and the main measures are symptomatic support treatment, general management, and preventive treatment. […] General management includes (1) bed rest and light semi-liquid diet; (2) anti-mosquito isolation until the fever subsides and symptoms resolve; (3) monitoring of consciousness, vital signs, fluid intake and output, urine volume, blood count, liver and kidney function, cardiac enzymes, and warning signs of severe dengue. […] Symptomatic treatment includes: (1) Reduce fever: Physical cooling is the mainstay, and warm baths can be used; acetaminophen can be administered to patients with high fever if they cannot tolerate it. Acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), ibuprofen, and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used with caution to avoid aggravating gastritis or bleeding. (2) Rehydration: In cases of heavy sweating or diarrhea, rehydration is given according to the patient’s level of dehydration, with oral rehydration as the mainstay. (3) Sedation and pain relief: Symptomatic treatment such as Valium may be given. (4) The elderly, pregnant women and those with underlying illnesses should be hospitalized promptly and given close observation and rehydration treatment. (5) Traditional Chinese medicine dialectical treatment according to the patient’s wishes.

• #59 Dengue Treatment (Classic & Hemorrhagic) – Tua Saúde

  https://www.tuasaude.com/en/dengue-treatment/

  Patients who lose copious amounts of blood will require a blood transfusion to replenish red blood cell or platelet levels that are low. […] Hospital treatment should be provided in the hospital for pregnant women, babies, children, and patients with a history of high blood pressure, cardiac failure, renal failure, asthma, or diabetes, even if the patient is not bleeding. […] Admission to a hospital ensures a more thorough approach to treatment to prevent possible life-threatening complications. […] Natural remedies may help to complement the medical treatment of dengue. […] Natural remedies should not substitute medically prescribed treatment, and any complementary options should first be discussed with your doctor. […] The main complication of dengue is the development of hemorrhagic dengue, which should be treated in a hospital setting.

• #60 Dengue Treatment (Classic & Hemorrhagic) – Tua Saúde

  https://www.tuasaude.com/en/dengue-treatment/

  Patients who lose copious amounts of blood will require a blood transfusion to replenish red blood cell or platelet levels that are low. […] Hospital treatment should be provided in the hospital for pregnant women, babies, children, and patients with a history of high blood pressure, cardiac failure, renal failure, asthma, or diabetes, even if the patient is not bleeding. […] Admission to a hospital ensures a more thorough approach to treatment to prevent possible life-threatening complications. […] Natural remedies may help to complement the medical treatment of dengue. […] Natural remedies should not substitute medically prescribed treatment, and any complementary options should first be discussed with your doctor. […] The main complication of dengue is the development of hemorrhagic dengue, which should be treated in a hospital setting.

• #61 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  While dengue fever is generally self-limiting, supportive measures including analgesics, fluid replacement, and bed rest typically are sufficient for recovery. Patients are encouraged to stay well-hydrated and should avoid medications such as aspirin, aspirin-containing products, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen due to their anticoagulant properties. Fever can be effectively managed with acetaminophen and tepid sponge baths. To minimize the risk of further transmission, febrile patients should take precautions to avoid mosquito bites. […] In cases of severe dengue, careful fluid management and prompt treatment of hemorrhagic complications are critical. Research efforts, such as those by the Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases in Singapore, are underway to identify inhibitors of dengue viral proteins to help reduce viral load during active infection. Additionally, a study found that a single dose of methylprednisolone does not provide a mortality benefit in treating dengue shock syndrome.

• #62 Dengue Fever > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/dengue-fever

  Treatment includes acetaminophen, rest, hydration, oxygen, blood transfusion […] There is no cure for dengue, and there are no antivirals or other medications to treat it. Because most cases of dengue resolve on their own within a week or two, treatment is supportive, meaning it aims to reduce symptoms. […] People with dengue who do not have any warning signs of severe dengue can usually be cared for at home. At-home treatment includes: Rest, Drink plenty of fluids, Take acetaminophen (e.g., Tylenol) to manage fever and pain. […] Immediate medical attention is necessary if any warning signs of severe dengue are present. Infants, pregnant women, older adults, and people with certain conditions, including diabetes, kidney failure, and obesity, who are at greater risk of severe dengue, may need to be treated in a hospital or clinic. […] Treatment for people with severe dengue warning signs or severe dengue may include: Oral or IV fluids, Blood transfusion.

• #63

  https://journals.lww.com/aptm/fulltext/2019/12040/herbal_remedies,_vaccines_and_drugs_for_dengue.1.aspx

  There is no specific antiviral treatment available in the market yet. […] Generally, treatment includes the mechanism of controlling fever and pain with paracetamol rather than aspirin (aspirin may promote bleeding), and increasing fluid intake. […] Antiviral agents are under development for the treatment of dengue fever. […] Celgosivir and Balapavir are antiviral agents which are under phase I clinical trials as NCT02569827 NCT01096576 respectively. […] Sofosbuvir is a drug which is used for hepatitis but research has been going on to check its efficacy for the treatment of dengue fever by using in silico and in vitro methods. […] Efficacy of C. papaya has been reported against the dengue virus. […] As per the in vitro and in vivo study conducted by Parida et al, the leaves extract of Azadirachta indica showed positive effect against dengue virus specially for serotype II.

• #64 DENGUE: LATEST ADVANCES IN TREATMENT AND PREVENTION | Mya Care

  https://myacare.com/blog/dengue-latest-advances-in-treatment-and-prevention

  Antiviral medications are drugs that specifically target and inhibit the replication of viruses. In the case of dengue, researchers are actively investigating small molecule inhibitors and nucleoside analogs to use against dengue fever. […] While no specific antiviral medication for dengue exists, some drugs under development have shown promise in treating the disease. […] Additionally, research reveals that existing medications used for other purposes show efficacy against dengue. […] These drugs modulate the immune system’s response to an infection. In the case of dengue, these therapies aim to reduce the body’s excessive immune response, which can lead to severe dengue. […] One promising monoclonal antibody includes 3G9, which targets a specific region on the dengue virus protein envelope (called a fusion loop epitope) that enables virus entry into host cells. […] Plasmapheresis is a procedure that concerns filtering blood plasma before returning it to the patient. This technique can treat severe dengue by removing the antibodies that contribute to excessive immune response. […] More research is needed to determine its effectiveness.

• #65

  https://journals.lww.com/aptm/fulltext/2019/12040/herbal_remedies,_vaccines_and_drugs_for_dengue.1.aspx

  There is no specific antiviral treatment available in the market yet. […] Generally, treatment includes the mechanism of controlling fever and pain with paracetamol rather than aspirin (aspirin may promote bleeding), and increasing fluid intake. […] Antiviral agents are under development for the treatment of dengue fever. […] Celgosivir and Balapavir are antiviral agents which are under phase I clinical trials as NCT02569827 NCT01096576 respectively. […] Sofosbuvir is a drug which is used for hepatitis but research has been going on to check its efficacy for the treatment of dengue fever by using in silico and in vitro methods. […] Efficacy of C. papaya has been reported against the dengue virus. […] As per the in vitro and in vivo study conducted by Parida et al, the leaves extract of Azadirachta indica showed positive effect against dengue virus specially for serotype II.

• #66

  https://journals.lww.com/aptm/fulltext/2019/12040/herbal_remedies,_vaccines_and_drugs_for_dengue.1.aspx

  There is no specific antiviral treatment available in the market yet. […] Generally, treatment includes the mechanism of controlling fever and pain with paracetamol rather than aspirin (aspirin may promote bleeding), and increasing fluid intake. […] Antiviral agents are under development for the treatment of dengue fever. […] Celgosivir and Balapavir are antiviral agents which are under phase I clinical trials as NCT02569827 NCT01096576 respectively. […] Sofosbuvir is a drug which is used for hepatitis but research has been going on to check its efficacy for the treatment of dengue fever by using in silico and in vitro methods. […] Efficacy of C. papaya has been reported against the dengue virus. […] As per the in vitro and in vivo study conducted by Parida et al, the leaves extract of Azadirachta indica showed positive effect against dengue virus specially for serotype II.

• #67

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40506-023-00263-w

  Judicious fluid administration to ensure adequate tissue perfusion during the critical phase of illness is the other arm of mainstay dengue management. […] A recent phase II open-labeled RCT evaluating the efficacy of eltrombopag to correct thrombocytopenia in moderate to severe dengue patients with platelet counts below 100109/L shows potential. […] Considering that a higher viral burden could promote severe dengue disease, identification of DENV-specific antivirals has been an important focus of research for dengue therapeutics. […] A direct-acting dengue therapeutic with promising preclinical data is the JNJ-A07, NS4B inhibitor developed by Janssen Pharmaceuticals. […] Doxycycline, a broad-spectrum tetracycline-class antibiotic and antimalarial, has shown some efficacy as an antiviral against DENV1-4 in vitro by inhibiting NS2B-NS3 protease activity, resulting in reduced viral entry and replication.

• #68

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40506-023-00263-w

  Judicious fluid administration to ensure adequate tissue perfusion during the critical phase of illness is the other arm of mainstay dengue management. […] A recent phase II open-labeled RCT evaluating the efficacy of eltrombopag to correct thrombocytopenia in moderate to severe dengue patients with platelet counts below 100109/L shows potential. […] Considering that a higher viral burden could promote severe dengue disease, identification of DENV-specific antivirals has been an important focus of research for dengue therapeutics. […] A direct-acting dengue therapeutic with promising preclinical data is the JNJ-A07, NS4B inhibitor developed by Janssen Pharmaceuticals. […] Doxycycline, a broad-spectrum tetracycline-class antibiotic and antimalarial, has shown some efficacy as an antiviral against DENV1-4 in vitro by inhibiting NS2B-NS3 protease activity, resulting in reduced viral entry and replication.

• #69 mRNA and Gene Editing Tools Offer New Hope for Dengue Virus Treatment | News Center

  https://news.gatech.edu/news/2024/09/05/mrna-and-gene-editing-tools-offer-new-hope-dengue-virus-treatment

  Phil Santangelo has developed a treatment for dengue virus using mRNA and CRISPR technology. […] A team of researchers led by biomedical engineer Phil Santangelo has developed a breakthrough therapy to target and kill the virus using the gene editing tool CRISPR-Cas13. […] There are several challenges with trying to treat dengue, so we wondered, is it possible for us to produce an mRNA-based, CRISPR-based antiviral where one shot can clear the virus, said Santangelo, professor in the Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering at Georgia Tech and Emory University. And thats basically what weve shown. […] This is the first time an mRNA-based CRISPR treatment has worked against systemic viral infections in animal models. […] For the dengue virus study, the team used lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), which are like tiny fat bubbles that transport drugs through the bloodstream and into cells.

• #70 mRNA and Gene Editing Tools Offer New Hope for Dengue Virus Treatment | News Center

  https://news.gatech.edu/news/2024/09/05/mrna-and-gene-editing-tools-offer-new-hope-dengue-virus-treatment

  The mRNA was encoded with Cas13a (a CRISPR protein that can cut viral RNA) and guide RNAs (to direct the Cas13a to the viral RNA that needs to be cut). […] A single dose of the treatment was given to mice infected with lethal doses of two serotypes of dengue virus, DENV-2 and DENV-3. […] All the treated mice survived with no unintended damage to their RNA. […] The study was funded by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), which is interested in protecting soldiers from mosquito-borne illnesses. […] Santangelos team now is testing their approach on dengues other serotypes and will study the treatment in other viruses. […] We’re very interested in trying these kinds of approaches to go after as many viruses as we can with one, potent treatment, said Santangelo.

• #71 DENGUE: LATEST ADVANCES IN TREATMENT AND PREVENTION | Mya Care

  https://myacare.com/blog/dengue-latest-advances-in-treatment-and-prevention

  Antiviral medications are drugs that specifically target and inhibit the replication of viruses. In the case of dengue, researchers are actively investigating small molecule inhibitors and nucleoside analogs to use against dengue fever. […] While no specific antiviral medication for dengue exists, some drugs under development have shown promise in treating the disease. […] Additionally, research reveals that existing medications used for other purposes show efficacy against dengue. […] These drugs modulate the immune system’s response to an infection. In the case of dengue, these therapies aim to reduce the body’s excessive immune response, which can lead to severe dengue. […] One promising monoclonal antibody includes 3G9, which targets a specific region on the dengue virus protein envelope (called a fusion loop epitope) that enables virus entry into host cells. […] Plasmapheresis is a procedure that concerns filtering blood plasma before returning it to the patient. This technique can treat severe dengue by removing the antibodies that contribute to excessive immune response. […] More research is needed to determine its effectiveness.

• #72 DENGUE: LATEST ADVANCES IN TREATMENT AND PREVENTION | Mya Care

  https://myacare.com/blog/dengue-latest-advances-in-treatment-and-prevention

  Antiviral medications are drugs that specifically target and inhibit the replication of viruses. In the case of dengue, researchers are actively investigating small molecule inhibitors and nucleoside analogs to use against dengue fever. […] While no specific antiviral medication for dengue exists, some drugs under development have shown promise in treating the disease. […] Additionally, research reveals that existing medications used for other purposes show efficacy against dengue. […] These drugs modulate the immune system’s response to an infection. In the case of dengue, these therapies aim to reduce the body’s excessive immune response, which can lead to severe dengue. […] One promising monoclonal antibody includes 3G9, which targets a specific region on the dengue virus protein envelope (called a fusion loop epitope) that enables virus entry into host cells. […] Plasmapheresis is a procedure that concerns filtering blood plasma before returning it to the patient. This technique can treat severe dengue by removing the antibodies that contribute to excessive immune response. […] More research is needed to determine its effectiveness.

• #73 DENGUE: LATEST ADVANCES IN TREATMENT AND PREVENTION | Mya Care

  https://myacare.com/blog/dengue-latest-advances-in-treatment-and-prevention

  Antiviral medications are drugs that specifically target and inhibit the replication of viruses. In the case of dengue, researchers are actively investigating small molecule inhibitors and nucleoside analogs to use against dengue fever. […] While no specific antiviral medication for dengue exists, some drugs under development have shown promise in treating the disease. […] Additionally, research reveals that existing medications used for other purposes show efficacy against dengue. […] These drugs modulate the immune system’s response to an infection. In the case of dengue, these therapies aim to reduce the body’s excessive immune response, which can lead to severe dengue. […] One promising monoclonal antibody includes 3G9, which targets a specific region on the dengue virus protein envelope (called a fusion loop epitope) that enables virus entry into host cells. […] Plasmapheresis is a procedure that concerns filtering blood plasma before returning it to the patient. This technique can treat severe dengue by removing the antibodies that contribute to excessive immune response. […] More research is needed to determine its effectiveness.

• #74 Clinical Care of Dengue | Dengue | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/hcp/clinical-care/index.html

  No specific medicines are available for dengue. […] No treatment: no specific antiviral agents exist for dengue. […] Supportive care is advised: patients should be advised to stay well hydrated and to avoid aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), aspirin-containing drugs, and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (such as ibuprofen) because of their anticoagulant properties. […] Fever should be controlled with acetaminophen and tepid sponge baths. […] For patients who develop severe dengue, close observation and frequent monitoring in an intensive care unit may be required. […] Administration of corticosteroids has no demonstrated benefit and is potentially harmful to patients; corticosteroids should not be used except in the case of autoimmune-related complication (e.g., hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, immune thrombocytopenia purpura).

• #75 Dengue: Moving from Current Standard of Care to State-of-the-Art Treatment

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4431705/

  There are as yet no specific antiviral therapies for dengue. […] A major component of dengue disease is a result of immunopathology, for which the metaphor of a cytokine storm has been used. […] Recent guidelines have emphasized the lack of evidence for using corticosteroids. […] There has also been one case report of successful use of the molecular adsorbent recirculating system in dengue hemorrhagic fever.

• #76

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue

  Prevention and control of dengue depend on vector control. There is no specific treatment for dengue/severe dengue, and early detection and access to proper medical care greatly lower fatality rates of severe dengue. […] Dengue is treated with pain medicine as there is no specific treatment currently. […] There is no specific treatment for dengue. The focus is on treating pain symptoms. Most cases of dengue fever can be treated at home with pain medicine. […] Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is often used to control pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen and aspirin are avoided as they can increase the risk of bleeding. […] For people with severe dengue, hospitalization is often needed. […] If you get dengue, it’s important to: rest; drink plenty of liquids; use acetaminophen (paracetamol) for pain; avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, like ibuprofen and aspirin; and watch for severe symptoms and contact your doctor as soon as possible if you notice any. […] So far one vaccine (QDenga) has been approved and licensed in some countries. However, it is recommended only for the age group of 6 to 16 years in high transmission settings. Several additional vaccines are under evaluation.

• #77 Dengue: Symptoms, Duration and Treatment of This Global Epidemic – Blog – ISGLOBAL

  https://www.isglobal.org/en/healthisglobal/-/custom-blog-portlet/dengue-fever-a-global-epidemic-explained

  There is still no specific treatment for dengue, although promising results have recently been announced for an antiviral pill tested in a very small human trial. […] Currently, two dengue vaccines are authorized. The first one (Dengvaxia, by Sanofi) is only recommended for people living in endemic areas who have already had a previous infection. The second one, by Takeda, was approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for use in people over 4 years old in endemic areas and travelers, regardless of prior infection. This vaccine was also recently recommended by a World Health Organization (WHO) expert group for children aged 6 to 16 years living in high-transmission areas. […] Recently, very promising phase 3 results were published for another tetravalent vaccine developed by Brazil’s Butantan Institute. The vaccine, based on live-attenuated virus, was shown to be safe and highly effective in preventing symptomatic dengue in both children and adults, regardless of prior infection.

• #78 Dengue: Symptoms, Duration and Treatment of This Global Epidemic – Blog – ISGLOBAL

  https://www.isglobal.org/en/healthisglobal/-/custom-blog-portlet/dengue-fever-a-global-epidemic-explained

  There is still no specific treatment for dengue, although promising results have recently been announced for an antiviral pill tested in a very small human trial. […] Currently, two dengue vaccines are authorized. The first one (Dengvaxia, by Sanofi) is only recommended for people living in endemic areas who have already had a previous infection. The second one, by Takeda, was approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for use in people over 4 years old in endemic areas and travelers, regardless of prior infection. This vaccine was also recently recommended by a World Health Organization (WHO) expert group for children aged 6 to 16 years living in high-transmission areas. […] Recently, very promising phase 3 results were published for another tetravalent vaccine developed by Brazil’s Butantan Institute. The vaccine, based on live-attenuated virus, was shown to be safe and highly effective in preventing symptomatic dengue in both children and adults, regardless of prior infection.

• #79

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue

  Prevention and control of dengue depend on vector control. There is no specific treatment for dengue/severe dengue, and early detection and access to proper medical care greatly lower fatality rates of severe dengue. […] Dengue is treated with pain medicine as there is no specific treatment currently. […] There is no specific treatment for dengue. The focus is on treating pain symptoms. Most cases of dengue fever can be treated at home with pain medicine. […] Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is often used to control pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen and aspirin are avoided as they can increase the risk of bleeding. […] For people with severe dengue, hospitalization is often needed. […] If you get dengue, it’s important to: rest; drink plenty of liquids; use acetaminophen (paracetamol) for pain; avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, like ibuprofen and aspirin; and watch for severe symptoms and contact your doctor as soon as possible if you notice any. […] So far one vaccine (QDenga) has been approved and licensed in some countries. However, it is recommended only for the age group of 6 to 16 years in high transmission settings. Several additional vaccines are under evaluation.

• #80 Dengue: Symptoms, Duration and Treatment of This Global Epidemic – Blog – ISGLOBAL

  https://www.isglobal.org/en/healthisglobal/-/custom-blog-portlet/dengue-fever-a-global-epidemic-explained

  There is still no specific treatment for dengue, although promising results have recently been announced for an antiviral pill tested in a very small human trial. […] Currently, two dengue vaccines are authorized. The first one (Dengvaxia, by Sanofi) is only recommended for people living in endemic areas who have already had a previous infection. The second one, by Takeda, was approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for use in people over 4 years old in endemic areas and travelers, regardless of prior infection. This vaccine was also recently recommended by a World Health Organization (WHO) expert group for children aged 6 to 16 years living in high-transmission areas. […] Recently, very promising phase 3 results were published for another tetravalent vaccine developed by Brazil’s Butantan Institute. The vaccine, based on live-attenuated virus, was shown to be safe and highly effective in preventing symptomatic dengue in both children and adults, regardless of prior infection.

• #81 Dengue: Symptoms, Duration and Treatment of This Global Epidemic – Blog – ISGLOBAL

  https://www.isglobal.org/en/healthisglobal/-/custom-blog-portlet/dengue-fever-a-global-epidemic-explained

  There is still no specific treatment for dengue, although promising results have recently been announced for an antiviral pill tested in a very small human trial. […] Currently, two dengue vaccines are authorized. The first one (Dengvaxia, by Sanofi) is only recommended for people living in endemic areas who have already had a previous infection. The second one, by Takeda, was approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for use in people over 4 years old in endemic areas and travelers, regardless of prior infection. This vaccine was also recently recommended by a World Health Organization (WHO) expert group for children aged 6 to 16 years living in high-transmission areas. […] Recently, very promising phase 3 results were published for another tetravalent vaccine developed by Brazil’s Butantan Institute. The vaccine, based on live-attenuated virus, was shown to be safe and highly effective in preventing symptomatic dengue in both children and adults, regardless of prior infection.

• #82 Dengue : symptoms, treatment, prevention – Institut Pasteur

  https://www.pasteur.fr/en/medical-center/disease-sheets/dengue

  There is no specific treatment for dengue. Symptoms associated with the disease are treated with analgesics. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be avoided, as they may increase the risk of bleeding. […] Prevention relies mainly on vector control, i.e. fighting the mosquitoes that spread the virus, and personal protection measures: removing stagnant water, using repellents, wearing full-body clothing and using mosquito nets. Insecticides can also be used, but their widespread use can induce resistance in mosquito populations, making them less effective. […] There is also a preventive vaccine, Dengvaxia, administered in three doses six months apart, which is only available to certain individuals: those aged 9 to 45 years, previously infected with the virus and living in endemic areas.

• #83 10 Effective Home Remedies For Dengue Fever | Health-e

  https://health-e.in/blog/home-remedies-for-dengue/

  Learn 10 home remedies to ease dengue symptoms. While they are not a substitute for medical treatment, they can surely provide relief from painful symptoms. […] Its important to emphasise that homemade remedies for dengue should never replace professional medical advice or treatment. However, the role of home remedies in managing symptoms and supporting recovery cannot be overlooked. They can complement medical care and provide supportive measures. […] Papaya leaf juice has gained attention for its potential to increase platelet count and boost immunity in individuals battling dengue fever. […] Giloy juice is recognised for its immune-boosting and anti-inflammatory characteristics through proven studies. This nutritious drink is a promising treatment for dengue fever. […] Staying hydrated is crucial in combating fever and preventing complications associated with dengue fever.

• #84 Dengue Treatment (Classic & Hemorrhagic) – Tua Saúde

  https://www.tuasaude.com/en/dengue-treatment/

  Patients who lose copious amounts of blood will require a blood transfusion to replenish red blood cell or platelet levels that are low. […] Hospital treatment should be provided in the hospital for pregnant women, babies, children, and patients with a history of high blood pressure, cardiac failure, renal failure, asthma, or diabetes, even if the patient is not bleeding. […] Admission to a hospital ensures a more thorough approach to treatment to prevent possible life-threatening complications. […] Natural remedies may help to complement the medical treatment of dengue. […] Natural remedies should not substitute medically prescribed treatment, and any complementary options should first be discussed with your doctor. […] The main complication of dengue is the development of hemorrhagic dengue, which should be treated in a hospital setting.

• #85 10 Effective Home Remedies For Dengue Fever | Health-e

  https://health-e.in/blog/home-remedies-for-dengue/

  Learn 10 home remedies to ease dengue symptoms. While they are not a substitute for medical treatment, they can surely provide relief from painful symptoms. […] Its important to emphasise that homemade remedies for dengue should never replace professional medical advice or treatment. However, the role of home remedies in managing symptoms and supporting recovery cannot be overlooked. They can complement medical care and provide supportive measures. […] Papaya leaf juice has gained attention for its potential to increase platelet count and boost immunity in individuals battling dengue fever. […] Giloy juice is recognised for its immune-boosting and anti-inflammatory characteristics through proven studies. This nutritious drink is a promising treatment for dengue fever. […] Staying hydrated is crucial in combating fever and preventing complications associated with dengue fever.

• #86

  https://journals.lww.com/aptm/fulltext/2019/12040/herbal_remedies,_vaccines_and_drugs_for_dengue.1.aspx

  Literature reviewed suggested that till now no chemotherapeutic agent is approved by the regulatory authority for the treatment of dengue fever. […] But as per the recent research it can be controlled by use of a dengvaxia vaccine which is approved in some countries. […] A good efficacy of fresh juice from the leaves of Carica papaya has been reported against the dengue virus. […] Further research is required to develop a dengue vaccine or antiviral agent that will be helpful to eradicate this disease.

• #87 10 Effective Home Remedies For Dengue Fever | Health-e

  https://health-e.in/blog/home-remedies-for-dengue/

  Learn 10 home remedies to ease dengue symptoms. While they are not a substitute for medical treatment, they can surely provide relief from painful symptoms. […] Its important to emphasise that homemade remedies for dengue should never replace professional medical advice or treatment. However, the role of home remedies in managing symptoms and supporting recovery cannot be overlooked. They can complement medical care and provide supportive measures. […] Papaya leaf juice has gained attention for its potential to increase platelet count and boost immunity in individuals battling dengue fever. […] Giloy juice is recognised for its immune-boosting and anti-inflammatory characteristics through proven studies. This nutritious drink is a promising treatment for dengue fever. […] Staying hydrated is crucial in combating fever and preventing complications associated with dengue fever.

• #88

  https://journals.lww.com/aptm/fulltext/2019/12040/herbal_remedies,_vaccines_and_drugs_for_dengue.1.aspx

  There is no specific antiviral treatment available in the market yet. […] Generally, treatment includes the mechanism of controlling fever and pain with paracetamol rather than aspirin (aspirin may promote bleeding), and increasing fluid intake. […] Antiviral agents are under development for the treatment of dengue fever. […] Celgosivir and Balapavir are antiviral agents which are under phase I clinical trials as NCT02569827 NCT01096576 respectively. […] Sofosbuvir is a drug which is used for hepatitis but research has been going on to check its efficacy for the treatment of dengue fever by using in silico and in vitro methods. […] Efficacy of C. papaya has been reported against the dengue virus. […] As per the in vitro and in vivo study conducted by Parida et al, the leaves extract of Azadirachta indica showed positive effect against dengue virus specially for serotype II.

• #89 10 Effective Home Remedies For Dengue Fever | Health-e

  https://health-e.in/blog/home-remedies-for-dengue/

  Fenugreek seeds have long been used to treat a variety of diseases. Their potential advantages in lowering fever and improving immunity for dengue patients are worth investigating. […] The significance of getting adequate rest for faster recovery cannot be overstated. Taking a nutritious diet rich in fruits and vegetables also plays a vital role in supporting the bodys healing process. […] Neem leaves can help boost your immune system and reduce fever, which can be especially helpful during a dengue fever infection. […] Basil leaves are known for their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, which can help in reducing fever and boost the immune system. […] Turmeric milk is actually a pretty cool home remedy for dengue fever. Researchers have found that the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of turmeric help boost your immune system and reduce the severity of symptoms.

• #90 10 Effective Home Remedies For Dengue Fever | Health-e

  https://health-e.in/blog/home-remedies-for-dengue/

  Fenugreek seeds have long been used to treat a variety of diseases. Their potential advantages in lowering fever and improving immunity for dengue patients are worth investigating. […] The significance of getting adequate rest for faster recovery cannot be overstated. Taking a nutritious diet rich in fruits and vegetables also plays a vital role in supporting the bodys healing process. […] Neem leaves can help boost your immune system and reduce fever, which can be especially helpful during a dengue fever infection. […] Basil leaves are known for their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, which can help in reducing fever and boost the immune system. […] Turmeric milk is actually a pretty cool home remedy for dengue fever. Researchers have found that the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of turmeric help boost your immune system and reduce the severity of symptoms.

• #91 10 Effective Home Remedies For Dengue Fever | Health-e

  https://health-e.in/blog/home-remedies-for-dengue/

  Ginger contains excellent anti-inflammatory characteristics that help alleviate dengue fever symptoms such as joint discomfort and headache. […] Pomegranate juice might just be your new best friend! This delicious and refreshing juice is not only packed with antioxidants but also has anti-inflammatory properties. It has proven to be helpful in combating the symptoms of dengue fever. […] In conclusion, home remedies for dengue undoubtedly play a supporting role in managing its symptoms and aiding in the healing process. Nonetheless, its vital to consult healthcare professionals before using any of these remedies to ensure their safe and effective use.

• #92 Dengue Treatment (Classic & Hemorrhagic) – Tua Saúde

  https://www.tuasaude.com/en/dengue-treatment/

  Patients who lose copious amounts of blood will require a blood transfusion to replenish red blood cell or platelet levels that are low. […] Hospital treatment should be provided in the hospital for pregnant women, babies, children, and patients with a history of high blood pressure, cardiac failure, renal failure, asthma, or diabetes, even if the patient is not bleeding. […] Admission to a hospital ensures a more thorough approach to treatment to prevent possible life-threatening complications. […] Natural remedies may help to complement the medical treatment of dengue. […] Natural remedies should not substitute medically prescribed treatment, and any complementary options should first be discussed with your doctor. […] The main complication of dengue is the development of hemorrhagic dengue, which should be treated in a hospital setting.

• #93 Dengue Treatment (Classic & Hemorrhagic) – Tua Saúde

  https://www.tuasaude.com/en/dengue-treatment/

  While undergoing treatment, adequate fluid intake is very important, as well as a healthy diet that is light and easy to digest. […] Patients should be reassessed by the doctor 72 hours after the initial diagnosis to ensure they remain stable and free from complications like dehydration and internal bleeding. […] Patients may be admitted to the hospital if they are unable to maintain hydration on their own (e.g. babies) or if the fever does not improve. […] Hemorrhagic dengue is one of the main complications that can emerge from classic dengue. Patients presenting with hemorrhagic dengue should be treated in a hospital environment with IV fluid and medication. […] The doctor may prescribe medications that ensure that blood continues to clot appropriately so that further hemorrhaging can be prevented.

• #94 10 Effective Home Remedies For Dengue Fever | Health-e

  https://health-e.in/blog/home-remedies-for-dengue/

  Fenugreek seeds have long been used to treat a variety of diseases. Their potential advantages in lowering fever and improving immunity for dengue patients are worth investigating. […] The significance of getting adequate rest for faster recovery cannot be overstated. Taking a nutritious diet rich in fruits and vegetables also plays a vital role in supporting the bodys healing process. […] Neem leaves can help boost your immune system and reduce fever, which can be especially helpful during a dengue fever infection. […] Basil leaves are known for their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, which can help in reducing fever and boost the immune system. […] Turmeric milk is actually a pretty cool home remedy for dengue fever. Researchers have found that the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of turmeric help boost your immune system and reduce the severity of symptoms.

• #95

  https://www.healthxchange.sg/women/health-scares-outbreaks/dengue-fever-how-to-recover-fast

  To recover from dengue fever fast, it is important to maintain adequate hydration, keep symptoms under control and get sufficient bed rest. […] There are no specific medications or antivirals to treat dengue fever so treatment is directed towards the relief of symptoms. […] We advise dengue patients to rest and drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration from high fever, poor oral intake or vomiting. Paracetamol can be taken for the fever and to reduce joint pains. However, pain-relievers such as aspirin and ibuprofen should be avoided as it they may increase bleeding complications. […] Avoid pain-relievers and anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin, ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen and mefenamic acid as they may cause gastric ulcers and subsequent bleeding in your stomach or intestines. Some of these medications may thin the blood and increase chances of bleeding leading to complications requiring hospital admission. […] Rest in bed, reduce risk of falls and injuries to avoid risk of unnecessary bleeding. Intramuscular injections should be avoided. If you develop bleeding, bruises or swellings while recovering from dengue fever, please contact your doctor or nurse immediately.

• #96 Dengue Treatment (Classic & Hemorrhagic) – Tua Saúde

  https://www.tuasaude.com/en/dengue-treatment/

  While undergoing treatment, adequate fluid intake is very important, as well as a healthy diet that is light and easy to digest. […] Patients should be reassessed by the doctor 72 hours after the initial diagnosis to ensure they remain stable and free from complications like dehydration and internal bleeding. […] Patients may be admitted to the hospital if they are unable to maintain hydration on their own (e.g. babies) or if the fever does not improve. […] Hemorrhagic dengue is one of the main complications that can emerge from classic dengue. Patients presenting with hemorrhagic dengue should be treated in a hospital environment with IV fluid and medication. […] The doctor may prescribe medications that ensure that blood continues to clot appropriately so that further hemorrhaging can be prevented.

• #97 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Dengue-Fever-Treatment.aspx

  There are no specific medications for treating dengue fever. The viral infection usually resolves within a week or two and in the meantime, the illness can be managed using paracetamol to relieve pain and fever. […] Hospitalization is very important in these cases. […] Plenty of bed rest. […] Staying well hydrated by drinking lots of water. Alcohol and caffeinated beverages should be avoided. […] Paracetamol can be taken to relieve symptoms of pain and fever. Ibuprofen and aspirin, however, should be avoided as these agents can cause internal bleeding in patients with dengue fever. […] If someone starts to bleed from the nose or other sites, they may have dengue hemorrhagic fever, in which case they should be hospitalized. In dengue hemorrhagic fever, treatment is aimed at maintaining the patient’s circulating fluid volume. A lowered blood platelet count is responsible for the bleeding symptoms and may be treated with a platelet transfusion. […] Recovery may take up to six weeks, during which time the patient may be weak and susceptible to secondary infections. Appropriate rest, nutrition and care is necessary during this period.

• #98

  https://www.healthxchange.sg/women/health-scares-outbreaks/dengue-fever-how-to-recover-fast

  To recover from dengue fever fast, it is important to maintain adequate hydration, keep symptoms under control and get sufficient bed rest. […] There are no specific medications or antivirals to treat dengue fever so treatment is directed towards the relief of symptoms. […] We advise dengue patients to rest and drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration from high fever, poor oral intake or vomiting. Paracetamol can be taken for the fever and to reduce joint pains. However, pain-relievers such as aspirin and ibuprofen should be avoided as it they may increase bleeding complications. […] Avoid pain-relievers and anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin, ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen and mefenamic acid as they may cause gastric ulcers and subsequent bleeding in your stomach or intestines. Some of these medications may thin the blood and increase chances of bleeding leading to complications requiring hospital admission. […] Rest in bed, reduce risk of falls and injuries to avoid risk of unnecessary bleeding. Intramuscular injections should be avoided. If you develop bleeding, bruises or swellings while recovering from dengue fever, please contact your doctor or nurse immediately.

• #99 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Dengue-Fever-Treatment.aspx

  There are no specific medications for treating dengue fever. The viral infection usually resolves within a week or two and in the meantime, the illness can be managed using paracetamol to relieve pain and fever. […] Hospitalization is very important in these cases. […] Plenty of bed rest. […] Staying well hydrated by drinking lots of water. Alcohol and caffeinated beverages should be avoided. […] Paracetamol can be taken to relieve symptoms of pain and fever. Ibuprofen and aspirin, however, should be avoided as these agents can cause internal bleeding in patients with dengue fever. […] If someone starts to bleed from the nose or other sites, they may have dengue hemorrhagic fever, in which case they should be hospitalized. In dengue hemorrhagic fever, treatment is aimed at maintaining the patient’s circulating fluid volume. A lowered blood platelet count is responsible for the bleeding symptoms and may be treated with a platelet transfusion. […] Recovery may take up to six weeks, during which time the patient may be weak and susceptible to secondary infections. Appropriate rest, nutrition and care is necessary during this period.

• #100 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #101 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #102 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #103 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #104 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #105 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #106 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #107 Dengue Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Suspected Dengue, Severe Dengue

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-treatment

  Intravascular volume deficits should be corrected with isotonic fluids such as Ringer lactate solution. Boluses of 10-20 mL/kg should be given over 20 minutes and may be repeated. If this fails to correct the deficit, the hematocrit value should be determined. If it is rising, limited clinical information suggests that a plasma expander may be administered. […] Platelet and fresh frozen plasma transfusions may be required to control severe bleeding. A case report demonstrated good improvement following intravenous anti-D globulin administration in 2 patients. […] Patients who are resuscitated from shock rapidly recover. Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may be discharged from the hospital when they meet the following criteria: Afebrile for 24 hours without antipyretics, Good appetite, clinically improved condition, Adequate urine output, Stable hematocrit level, At least 48 hours since recovery from shock, No respiratory distress, Platelet count greater than 50,000 cells/L. […] However, pregnant individuals with dengue generally respond well to standard treatments, including fluids, rest, and antipyretics. Early recognition of dengue’s clinical and laboratory manifestations is crucial for timely intervention.

• #108 Dengue Treatment in Delhi, India | Signs, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis & Prevention

  https://www.maxhealthcare.in/our-specialities/internal-medicine/conditions-treatments/dengue

  IV fluids are administered to maintain fluid balance and prevent shock. In some cases, blood transfusions may be necessary. […] Regular follow-ups are necessary to ensure complete recovery and monitor for any delayed complications. […] Hydration is crucial in Dengue treatment. Fever, vomiting, and sweating can lead to dehydration. Drinking plenty of fluids, including water, broths, and electrolyte-rich drinks, helps maintain fluid balance and promotes recovery. […] In mild cases, with proper care and close monitoring, Dengue fever can be managed at home. This includes plenty of rest, fluids, and pain medication (like acetaminophen) as prescribed by your doctor. However, if you experience any warning signs of severe Dengue (like severe abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, or bleeding), seek immediate medical attention. […] Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a severe form of Dengue characterised by plasma leakage from blood vessels, internal bleeding, and organ impairment. It’s a life-threatening complication and requires immediate hospitalisation and intensive supportive care.

• #109 Dengue fever: What to know and do – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/dengue-fever-what-to-know-and-do-202407313062

  Dengue is cause by a virus, and no specific medications are available to combat it. Milder dengue symptoms typically last two to seven days, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The symptoms are managed supportively: plenty of fluids, over-the-counter pain medications, and rest. […] Severe dengue usually requires treatment in a hospital with intravenous (IV) fluids. Patients are monitored until their fever breaks and symptoms begin to wane. This usually happens in about three to five days. Recovery at home can last many more days before a person’s strength returns.

• #110 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Dengue-Fever-Treatment.aspx

  There are no specific medications for treating dengue fever. The viral infection usually resolves within a week or two and in the meantime, the illness can be managed using paracetamol to relieve pain and fever. […] Hospitalization is very important in these cases. […] Plenty of bed rest. […] Staying well hydrated by drinking lots of water. Alcohol and caffeinated beverages should be avoided. […] Paracetamol can be taken to relieve symptoms of pain and fever. Ibuprofen and aspirin, however, should be avoided as these agents can cause internal bleeding in patients with dengue fever. […] If someone starts to bleed from the nose or other sites, they may have dengue hemorrhagic fever, in which case they should be hospitalized. In dengue hemorrhagic fever, treatment is aimed at maintaining the patient’s circulating fluid volume. A lowered blood platelet count is responsible for the bleeding symptoms and may be treated with a platelet transfusion. […] Recovery may take up to six weeks, during which time the patient may be weak and susceptible to secondary infections. Appropriate rest, nutrition and care is necessary during this period.

• #111 Dengue

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dengue/

  Most people with dengue feel better in a few days. […] There is no treatment for dengue, but you can help ease your symptoms by: resting, drinking plenty of fluids, taking paracetamol to help bring down your temperature and ease any pain. […] Do not take anti-inflammatory painkillers like ibuprofen or aspirin. These can cause bleeding problems if you have dengue. […] If you have severe dengue, you’ll need to stay in hospital until you recover.

• #112 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Dengue-Fever-Treatment.aspx

  There are no specific medications for treating dengue fever. The viral infection usually resolves within a week or two and in the meantime, the illness can be managed using paracetamol to relieve pain and fever. […] Hospitalization is very important in these cases. […] Plenty of bed rest. […] Staying well hydrated by drinking lots of water. Alcohol and caffeinated beverages should be avoided. […] Paracetamol can be taken to relieve symptoms of pain and fever. Ibuprofen and aspirin, however, should be avoided as these agents can cause internal bleeding in patients with dengue fever. […] If someone starts to bleed from the nose or other sites, they may have dengue hemorrhagic fever, in which case they should be hospitalized. In dengue hemorrhagic fever, treatment is aimed at maintaining the patient’s circulating fluid volume. A lowered blood platelet count is responsible for the bleeding symptoms and may be treated with a platelet transfusion. […] Recovery may take up to six weeks, during which time the patient may be weak and susceptible to secondary infections. Appropriate rest, nutrition and care is necessary during this period.

• #113 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Dengue-Fever-Treatment.aspx

  There are no specific medications for treating dengue fever. The viral infection usually resolves within a week or two and in the meantime, the illness can be managed using paracetamol to relieve pain and fever. […] Hospitalization is very important in these cases. […] Plenty of bed rest. […] Staying well hydrated by drinking lots of water. Alcohol and caffeinated beverages should be avoided. […] Paracetamol can be taken to relieve symptoms of pain and fever. Ibuprofen and aspirin, however, should be avoided as these agents can cause internal bleeding in patients with dengue fever. […] If someone starts to bleed from the nose or other sites, they may have dengue hemorrhagic fever, in which case they should be hospitalized. In dengue hemorrhagic fever, treatment is aimed at maintaining the patient’s circulating fluid volume. A lowered blood platelet count is responsible for the bleeding symptoms and may be treated with a platelet transfusion. […] Recovery may take up to six weeks, during which time the patient may be weak and susceptible to secondary infections. Appropriate rest, nutrition and care is necessary during this period.

• #114 Dengue Treatment (Classic & Hemorrhagic) – Tua Saúde

  https://www.tuasaude.com/en/dengue-treatment/

  Some people with dengue may experience liver damage, which may lead to hepatitis. These conditions require prompt treatment before irreversible damage to the liver occurs. […] Normal body temperature and decreasing pain and discomfort are usually signs that a dengue infection is improving. […] Improvement is noted within 8 days of the initial onset of symptoms. […] Signs that the dengue infection is worsening include vomiting, intense abdominal pain, agitation or lethargy, pallor, low blood pressure, palpitations, cold hands and feet, excessive perspiration, fainting and changes to consciousness. […] If you notice any of these symptoms, you should proceed immediately to the closest hospital for assessment.

• #115 Dengue Fever: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Prevention

  https://www.nanavatimaxhospital.org/blogs/dengue-fever

  Dengue fever can lead to severe symptoms if left untreated. It is important to seek medical attention if one suspects to have dengue fever, as early diagnosis and appropriate dengue fever treatment can help reduce the severity of the illness and prevent complications. […] Although there is no specific cure, dengue treatment focuses on managing the symptoms, preventing complications and providing supportive care to the patient. By managing dengue symptoms effectively and seeking appropriate medical care, the body’s recovery process will be faster and complications associated with dengue fever can be minimised. […] If someone has been diagnosed with dengue fever, it’s important to take steps to manage their symptoms and help their body recover. Here are some ways to effectively manage dengue fever symptoms: Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of fluids such as water, herbal tea and oral rehydration solutions to prevent dehydration. Get proper rest: Resting is crucial for the body to heal and recover from the infection. Make sure to get enough rest and avoid strenuous activities. Take acetaminophen to control fever: Acetaminophen (paracetamol) can help reduce fever and relieve pain. However, it’s important to avoid taking aspirin or ibuprofen as they can increase the risk of bleeding complications. Follow-ups with supportive care: Regular follow-up visits with the dengue fever doctor are necessary to monitor the condition and ensure appropriate supportive care.

• #116 Dengue Fever: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Prevention

  https://www.nanavatimaxhospital.org/blogs/dengue-fever

  Dengue fever can lead to severe symptoms if left untreated. It is important to seek medical attention if one suspects to have dengue fever, as early diagnosis and appropriate dengue fever treatment can help reduce the severity of the illness and prevent complications. […] Although there is no specific cure, dengue treatment focuses on managing the symptoms, preventing complications and providing supportive care to the patient. By managing dengue symptoms effectively and seeking appropriate medical care, the body’s recovery process will be faster and complications associated with dengue fever can be minimised. […] If someone has been diagnosed with dengue fever, it’s important to take steps to manage their symptoms and help their body recover. Here are some ways to effectively manage dengue fever symptoms: Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of fluids such as water, herbal tea and oral rehydration solutions to prevent dehydration. Get proper rest: Resting is crucial for the body to heal and recover from the infection. Make sure to get enough rest and avoid strenuous activities. Take acetaminophen to control fever: Acetaminophen (paracetamol) can help reduce fever and relieve pain. However, it’s important to avoid taking aspirin or ibuprofen as they can increase the risk of bleeding complications. Follow-ups with supportive care: Regular follow-up visits with the dengue fever doctor are necessary to monitor the condition and ensure appropriate supportive care.

• #117 Dengue Fever: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Prevention

  https://www.nanavatimaxhospital.org/blogs/dengue-fever

  Dengue fever can lead to severe symptoms if left untreated. It is important to seek medical attention if one suspects to have dengue fever, as early diagnosis and appropriate dengue fever treatment can help reduce the severity of the illness and prevent complications. […] Although there is no specific cure, dengue treatment focuses on managing the symptoms, preventing complications and providing supportive care to the patient. By managing dengue symptoms effectively and seeking appropriate medical care, the body’s recovery process will be faster and complications associated with dengue fever can be minimised. […] If someone has been diagnosed with dengue fever, it’s important to take steps to manage their symptoms and help their body recover. Here are some ways to effectively manage dengue fever symptoms: Stay hydrated: Drink plenty of fluids such as water, herbal tea and oral rehydration solutions to prevent dehydration. Get proper rest: Resting is crucial for the body to heal and recover from the infection. Make sure to get enough rest and avoid strenuous activities. Take acetaminophen to control fever: Acetaminophen (paracetamol) can help reduce fever and relieve pain. However, it’s important to avoid taking aspirin or ibuprofen as they can increase the risk of bleeding complications. Follow-ups with supportive care: Regular follow-up visits with the dengue fever doctor are necessary to monitor the condition and ensure appropriate supportive care.

• #118 Dengue Treatment in Delhi, India | Signs, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis & Prevention

  https://www.maxhealthcare.in/our-specialities/internal-medicine/conditions-treatments/dengue

  IV fluids are administered to maintain fluid balance and prevent shock. In some cases, blood transfusions may be necessary. […] Regular follow-ups are necessary to ensure complete recovery and monitor for any delayed complications. […] Hydration is crucial in Dengue treatment. Fever, vomiting, and sweating can lead to dehydration. Drinking plenty of fluids, including water, broths, and electrolyte-rich drinks, helps maintain fluid balance and promotes recovery. […] In mild cases, with proper care and close monitoring, Dengue fever can be managed at home. This includes plenty of rest, fluids, and pain medication (like acetaminophen) as prescribed by your doctor. However, if you experience any warning signs of severe Dengue (like severe abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, or bleeding), seek immediate medical attention. […] Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a severe form of Dengue characterised by plasma leakage from blood vessels, internal bleeding, and organ impairment. It’s a life-threatening complication and requires immediate hospitalisation and intensive supportive care.

• #119 Dengue Treatment (Classic & Hemorrhagic) – Tua Saúde

  https://www.tuasaude.com/en/dengue-treatment/

  Some people with dengue may experience liver damage, which may lead to hepatitis. These conditions require prompt treatment before irreversible damage to the liver occurs. […] Normal body temperature and decreasing pain and discomfort are usually signs that a dengue infection is improving. […] Improvement is noted within 8 days of the initial onset of symptoms. […] Signs that the dengue infection is worsening include vomiting, intense abdominal pain, agitation or lethargy, pallor, low blood pressure, palpitations, cold hands and feet, excessive perspiration, fainting and changes to consciousness. […] If you notice any of these symptoms, you should proceed immediately to the closest hospital for assessment.

• #120 Dengue Treatment (Classic & Hemorrhagic) – Tua Saúde

  https://www.tuasaude.com/en/dengue-treatment/

  Some people with dengue may experience liver damage, which may lead to hepatitis. These conditions require prompt treatment before irreversible damage to the liver occurs. […] Normal body temperature and decreasing pain and discomfort are usually signs that a dengue infection is improving. […] Improvement is noted within 8 days of the initial onset of symptoms. […] Signs that the dengue infection is worsening include vomiting, intense abdominal pain, agitation or lethargy, pallor, low blood pressure, palpitations, cold hands and feet, excessive perspiration, fainting and changes to consciousness. […] If you notice any of these symptoms, you should proceed immediately to the closest hospital for assessment.

• #121 Dengue Treatment (Classic & Hemorrhagic) – Tua Saúde

  https://www.tuasaude.com/en/dengue-treatment/

  Some people with dengue may experience liver damage, which may lead to hepatitis. These conditions require prompt treatment before irreversible damage to the liver occurs. […] Normal body temperature and decreasing pain and discomfort are usually signs that a dengue infection is improving. […] Improvement is noted within 8 days of the initial onset of symptoms. […] Signs that the dengue infection is worsening include vomiting, intense abdominal pain, agitation or lethargy, pallor, low blood pressure, palpitations, cold hands and feet, excessive perspiration, fainting and changes to consciousness. […] If you notice any of these symptoms, you should proceed immediately to the closest hospital for assessment.

• #122 Dengue fever: What to know and do – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/dengue-fever-what-to-know-and-do-202407313062

  Dengue is cause by a virus, and no specific medications are available to combat it. Milder dengue symptoms typically last two to seven days, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The symptoms are managed supportively: plenty of fluids, over-the-counter pain medications, and rest. […] Severe dengue usually requires treatment in a hospital with intravenous (IV) fluids. Patients are monitored until their fever breaks and symptoms begin to wane. This usually happens in about three to five days. Recovery at home can last many more days before a person’s strength returns.

• #123 Dengue Treatment (Classic & Hemorrhagic) – Tua Saúde

  https://www.tuasaude.com/en/dengue-treatment/

  Patients who lose copious amounts of blood will require a blood transfusion to replenish red blood cell or platelet levels that are low. […] Hospital treatment should be provided in the hospital for pregnant women, babies, children, and patients with a history of high blood pressure, cardiac failure, renal failure, asthma, or diabetes, even if the patient is not bleeding. […] Admission to a hospital ensures a more thorough approach to treatment to prevent possible life-threatening complications. […] Natural remedies may help to complement the medical treatment of dengue. […] Natural remedies should not substitute medically prescribed treatment, and any complementary options should first be discussed with your doctor. […] The main complication of dengue is the development of hemorrhagic dengue, which should be treated in a hospital setting.

• #124 Dengue Treatment (Classic & Hemorrhagic) – Tua Saúde

  https://www.tuasaude.com/en/dengue-treatment/

  Some people with dengue may experience liver damage, which may lead to hepatitis. These conditions require prompt treatment before irreversible damage to the liver occurs. […] Normal body temperature and decreasing pain and discomfort are usually signs that a dengue infection is improving. […] Improvement is noted within 8 days of the initial onset of symptoms. […] Signs that the dengue infection is worsening include vomiting, intense abdominal pain, agitation or lethargy, pallor, low blood pressure, palpitations, cold hands and feet, excessive perspiration, fainting and changes to consciousness. […] If you notice any of these symptoms, you should proceed immediately to the closest hospital for assessment.

• #125 Dengue fever – Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice

  https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/1197

  No specific antiviral agent has been developed. Meticulous fluid therapy and the identification of the critical phase are the most important aspects of management. […] A tetravalent vaccine is available in approximately 20 countries. Multiple vaccine candidates are currently in clinical development.

• #126 Manage Dengue | Dengue | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/dengue/treatment/index.html

  There is no specific medicine to treat dengue. […] See a healthcare provider if you develop a fever or have symptoms of dengue. […] For mild symptoms, care for a sick person at home. […] Rest as much as possible. […] Take acetaminophen (also known as paracetamol outside of the US) to control fever and relieve pain. […] Do not take aspirin or ibuprofen! […] Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated. Drink water or drinks with added electrolytes. […] For mild symptoms, care for a sick infant, child, or family member at home. […] Symptoms of dengue can become severe within a few hours. Severe dengue is a medical emergency.

• #127 Dengue fever – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dengue-fever/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353084

  No specific treatment for dengue fever exists. […] While recovering from dengue fever, drink plenty of fluids. […] The over-the-counter (OTC) drug acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) can help reduce muscle pain and fever. But if you have dengue fever, you should avoid other OTC pain relievers, including aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen sodium (Aleve). These pain relievers can increase the risk of dengue fever bleeding complications. […] If you have severe dengue fever, you may need: […] Supportive care in a hospital […] Intravenous (IV) fluid and electrolyte replacement […] Blood pressure monitoring […] Transfusion to replace blood loss.

• #128

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue

  Prevention and control of dengue depend on vector control. There is no specific treatment for dengue/severe dengue, and early detection and access to proper medical care greatly lower fatality rates of severe dengue. […] Dengue is treated with pain medicine as there is no specific treatment currently. […] There is no specific treatment for dengue. The focus is on treating pain symptoms. Most cases of dengue fever can be treated at home with pain medicine. […] Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is often used to control pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen and aspirin are avoided as they can increase the risk of bleeding. […] For people with severe dengue, hospitalization is often needed. […] If you get dengue, it’s important to: rest; drink plenty of liquids; use acetaminophen (paracetamol) for pain; avoid non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, like ibuprofen and aspirin; and watch for severe symptoms and contact your doctor as soon as possible if you notice any. […] So far one vaccine (QDenga) has been approved and licensed in some countries. However, it is recommended only for the age group of 6 to 16 years in high transmission settings. Several additional vaccines are under evaluation.

• #129 Dengue: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/215840-overview

  Dengue fever typically is a self-limited disease with a mortality rate of less than 1% when detected early and with access to proper medical care. When treated, severe dengue has a mortality rate of 2-5%, but, when left untreated, the mortality rate is as high as 20%. […] Diagnosis is made through serologic testing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), whereas treatment focuses on symptomatic relief. For dengue hemorrhagic fever, careful management of intravascular volume replacement is crucial. […] Oral rehydration therapy is recommended for patients with moderate dehydration caused by high fever and vomiting. […] Patients who develop signs of severe dengue warrant closer observation. Admission for close volume status monitoring and intravenous fluid administration is indicated for patients who develop signs of dehydration, such as the following: Tachycardia, Prolonged capillary refill time, Cool or mottled skin, Diminished pulse amplitude, Altered mental status, Decreased urine output, Rising hematocrit, Narrowed pulse pressure, Hypotension. […] Patients with internal or gastrointestinal bleeding may require transfusion, and patients with coagulopathy may require fresh frozen plasma.

• #130 Dengue | DNDi

  https://dndi.org/diseases/dengue/

  We are partnering with dengue-endemic countries to find a safe, affordable, and effective treatment for dengue. […] Together with our partners, we have started preclinical studies and will be starting clinical trials aiming to deliver an affordable and accessible treatment within five years. […] We are building a global partnership with dengue-endemic countries to develop a first treatment.

• #131 Dengue: Symptoms, Prevention and Treatments – PAHO/WHO

  https://www.paho.org/en/topics/dengue

  There is no specific drug to treat dengue fever. Medical evaluation through an appropriate medical history and physical examination by a health care professional is key to proper management of the disease. Recognition of the warning signs of dengue is essential to avoid progression to severe forms of dengue. […] Consult your physician. […] Watch for warning signs. If any of them appear, go immediately to the nearest health facility. […] Drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration, preferably oral rehydration salts. […] Do not self-medicate, do not use aspirin, because its effect can cause bleeding. […] Do not use antibiotics because dengue is caused by a virus and antibiotics only attack bacteria.

• #132

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40506-023-00263-w

  Many plant-based bioactive compounds have also been recognized to have anti-dengue activity in vitro and in vivo and have been summarized in a recent review. […] The current standard of care for dengue remains supportive care. Timely fluid management has shown to be effective in lowering deaths due to severe dengue. However, due to the late onset of warning signs, it can be difficult to manage severe dengue solely guided by symptomatic interventions and is often too late too little for the interventions to be effective. Therefore, there is a dire need for effective drugs that can reduce dengue viral infection and reduce the likelihood of developing severe disease.

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