Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Heart arrhythmia – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-arrhythmia/symptoms-causes/syc-20350668

  A heart arrhythmia (uh-RITH-me-uh) is an irregular heartbeat. A heart arrhythmia occurs when the electrical signals that tell the heart to beat don’t work properly. The heart may beat too fast or too slow. Or the pattern of the heartbeat may be inconsistent. […] But some things can change how electrical signals travel through the heart and cause arrhythmias. They include: A heart attack or scarring from a previous heart attack. Blocked arteries in the heart, called coronary artery disease. Changes to the heart’s structure, such as from cardiomyopathy. Diabetes. High blood pressure. Infection with COVID-19. Overactive or underactive thyroid gland. Sleep apnea. Some medicines, including those used to treat colds and allergies. Drinking too much alcohol or caffeine. Illegal drug use or drug misuse. Genetics. Smoking. Stress or anxiety.

• #1 Heart arrhythmia – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heart-arrhythmia/symptoms-causes/syc-20350668

  Things that may increase the risk of heart arrhythmias include: Coronary artery disease, other heart problems and previous heart surgery. Narrowed heart arteries, a heart attack, heart valve disease, prior heart surgery, heart failure, cardiomyopathy and other heart damage are risk factors for almost any kind of arrhythmia. High blood pressure. This condition increases the risk of developing coronary artery disease. It also may cause the walls of the left lower heart chamber to become stiff and thick, which can change how electrical signals travel through the heart. […] To understand the cause of heart arrhythmias, it may help to know how the heart works.

• #2 Arrhythmia: Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16749-arrhythmia

  An arrhythmia (also called dysrhythmia) is an abnormal heartbeat. Arrhythmia causes include: […] Most arrhythmias happen because of an issue with your hearts arteries, valves or muscles. […] Risk factors for arrhythmia include: […] Without treatment, arrhythmias can lead to complications such as: […] Depending on the type of cardiac arrhythmia you have, you may have mild or severe symptoms or none at all. […] Harmless arrhythmias go away and come back in response to what triggers them. However, people with other types of arrhythmias especially those that put you at risk for cardiac arrest need treatment for the rest of their lives.

• #3 Arrhythmias Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/arrhythmias

  An arrhythmia is a disorder of the heart rate (pulse) or heart rhythm. The heart can beat too fast (tachycardia), too slow (bradycardia), or irregularly. […] Arrhythmias are caused by problems with the heart’s electrical conduction system. […] Some common causes of abnormal heartbeats are: Abnormal levels of potassium, magnesium, or other substances in the body; Heart attack, or a damaged heart muscle from a past heart attack; Heart disease that is present at birth (congenital); Heart failure or an enlarged heart; Overactive thyroid gland. […] Arrhythmias may also be caused by some substances or drugs, including: Alcohol or stimulant drugs; Certain medicines; Cigarette smoking (nicotine).

• #4 Arrhythmias – Causes and Triggers | NHLBI, NIH

  https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/arrhythmias/causes

  Arrhythmias are often caused by a problem with the electrical signals within the heart. Often, an arrhythmia is set off by a trigger. Sometimes the cause of an arrhythmia is not known. […] Conditions that cause a slowing of your hearts electrical signals are called conduction disorders. […] As we age, changes in our heart such as scarring and the effects of other chronic conditions can raise the risk of arrhythmias. Older adults are also more likely to have health conditions, such as high blood pressure, heart failure, diabetes, and thyroid disease, that can lead to arrhythmias. […] Arrhythmias can run in families. You may have an increased risk of some types of arrhythmias if a parent or other close relative has an arrhythmia. […] Sometimes, medicines your doctor prescribes for other health conditions can cause an arrhythmia.

• #4 Arrhythmias – Causes and Triggers | NHLBI, NIH

  https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/arrhythmias/causes

  You may be more likely to have arrhythmias if you have heart and blood vessel diseases, such as cardiomyopathy, congenital heart defects, heart attack, and heart inflammation. […] You may be at a higher risk of developing arrhythmias in the early days and weeks after surgery involving your heart, lungs, or throat. […] If you have any risk factors, certain situations may trigger an arrhythmia. […] Triggers include blood sugar levels that are too low or too high, caffeine, illegal drugs, and medicines that make you more alert or increase your energy. […] If you have a high risk of arrhythmias, your doctor may ask you to take some steps to help prevent them.

• #5 Arrhythmia: Symptoms, Types, Causes, Treatment, Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia

  Conditions that may increase your risk for developing arrhythmia can include: coronary artery disease, heart valve disease, heart attack or heart failure, cardiomyopathy (heart muscle diseases), endocarditis (heart inflammation), high blood pressure, sleep apnea, chronic lung disease, overactive or underactive thyroid gland, kidney disease, eating disorders that cause an electrolyte imbalance or malnutrition, fever, diabetes. […] Other common risk factors for arrhythmia can include: older age, certain medications, especially stimulants and antihistamines, some of which can be purchased over the counter, air pollution, family history of arrhythmia, caffeine, alcohol, smoking, street drugs, particularly cocaine or amphetamines. […] Arrhythmias sometimes don’t need specific treatment, but it’s important to have your arrhythmia medically evaluated.

• #5 Arrhythmia: Symptoms, Types, Causes, Treatment, Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia

  Arrhythmias can have medical, physical, emotional, or genetic causes. The cause may also be unknown. […] Changes in blood flow or physical alterations to the heart, such as scarring, can also cause arrhythmia. Other medical conditions may also be the source. They can include: high blood pressure, dehydration, thyroid disorder, sleep apnea, diabetes, electrolyte imbalance, such as from low levels of calcium, potassium, or magnesium, anemia. […] Conditions that cause a slow heart rate can include: heart block, sick sinus syndrome. […] Bradycardia occurs when your heart rate slows to under 60 beats per minute. […] Tachycardia occurs when your heart rate speeds up to more than 100 beats per minute. […] Ventricular arrhythmias begins in the ventricles, or the lower chambers, of the heart.

• #5 Arrhythmia: Symptoms, Types, Causes, Treatment, Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia

  Atrial arrhythmias, also known as supraventricular arrhythmias, begin in the atrium or upper chamber of the heart above the ventricles. […] Your risk of developing AF increases past age 65 and if you have other medical conditions. If left untreated, AF can lead to more serious conditions, such as stroke. […] Scarring near the sinus node from heart disease or a heart attack may slow down or block the electrical impulses as they travel through the heart. This can cause arrhythmia and other cardiovascular disorders. […] Other physical or lifestyle factors can also cause arrhythmia in some cases. These can include: exercise, coughing, strong emotions like anger, stress, or anxiety, drinking alcohol, smoking. […] Having certain risk factors may increase the chances of developing arrhythmias.

• #5 Arrhythmia: Symptoms, Types, Causes, Treatment, Prevention

  https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia

  If medication or other treatments aren’t enough to help your arrhythmia, you may need a minor procedure or surgery. […] Surgery can also treat serious types of arrhythmias, such as atrial fibrillation. […] Different types of arrhythmias, especially when untreated, may lead to life threatening conditions. These complications include: heart failure, stroke, dementia, cardiac arrest, arrhythmias that get worse or cause other symptoms. […] Arrhythmias can develop from a variety of causes, some of which you may not be able to prevent. Still, you can work to avoid triggering your arrhythmia or making it worse. […] It’s important to understand the cause of your arrhythmia so you can avoid behaviors and substances that may trigger the condition.

• #6 Heart Arrhythmias: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/heart/arrhythmias

  A heart arrhythmia is an irregular heartbeat. Arrhythmias occur when the electrical signals in the heart are abnormal, causing the heart to beat too quickly or slowly or have an irregular rhythm. Certain medications and lifestyle choices can put someone at a higher risk of developing arrhythmias. […] Arrhythmias, or irregular heartbeats, are caused when the electrical signals that regulate the rhythm of your heartbeat are created abnormally or do not transmit properly. This can be caused by a variety of factors, including: […] Heart attack, Damage or scarring from previous heart attacks, Coronary artery disease, Cardiomyopathy, Changes to the heart’s structure, High blood pressure, Valve disorders, Electrolyte imbalance, Hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid gland), Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid gland), Healing and recovery from previous heart surgery, Sleep apnea, Genetic conditions, Consumption of too much alcohol or caffeine, Diabetes, Infection with COVID-19, Drug abuse, Smoking, Anxiety or stress.

• #7 What is a heart arrhythmia and what causes it? | HealthPartners Blog

  https://www.healthpartners.com/blog/heart-arrhythmia-causes-symptoms/

  Typically, hearts will have a regular rhythm that can get slower or faster based on what you’re doing. If you have a heart arrhythmia, it means that the rhythm of your heart is off or unusual and in many cases, there doesn’t seem to be a clear reason. […] What causes a heart arrhythmia? Simply put, heart arrhythmias happen when one or more parts of your heart are blocked, weakened or otherwise malfunctioning. […] If even one chamber isn’t working correctly, it can throw off the heart’s rhythm, causing an irregular heartbeat. […] A resting heartbeat lower than 60 bpm is considered bradycardia. Slow heartbeat can be caused if the sinus node is failing or if something is blocking the electrical system within your heart. […] A fast heart rate can cause different problems based on where it happens.

• #7 What is a heart arrhythmia and what causes it? | HealthPartners Blog

  https://www.healthpartners.com/blog/heart-arrhythmia-causes-symptoms/

  Rapid or skipped heartbeats in the lower part of the heart tend to be the most serious arrhythmias, especially for people with heart conditions. […] There are many factors that affect your heart’s rhythm some relate to your overall health and others come from the choices you make. […] You can be born with conditions that affect your heart’s ability to work correctly. […] People with heart disease or a previous heart attack are more likely to have certain types of arrhythmias. […] When you’re sick, you may notice changes in your heart’s rhythm. […] If you have sleep apnea and can’t breathe properly during the night, you have a higher chance of getting serious arrhythmias. […] Excess weight can cause changes to your heart and make it less effective at pumping blood. […] A faster heartbeat and irregular heart rhythms are just a couple ways that smoking is bad for your heart.

• #7 What is a heart arrhythmia and what causes it? | HealthPartners Blog

  https://www.healthpartners.com/blog/heart-arrhythmia-causes-symptoms/

  When you drink, your body loses magnesium, a mineral that helps with normal heart rhythm. […] Supplements such as goldenseal, oleander and motherwort can cause irregular heartbeats. […] Irregular heartbeats can be caused by the overuse of prescription and over-the-counter medications used for asthma, colds and heart problems. […] Cocaine and methamphetamine stimulate the heart and can cause a variety of arrhythmias, including some that are fatal.

• #8 Cardiac arrhythmias Guide: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment Options

  https://www.drugs.com/health-guide/cardiac-arrhythmias.html

  Ventricular fibrillation can be caused by a heart attack, an electrical accident, a lightning strike or drowning. […] How long a cardiac arrhythmia lasts depends on its cause. For example, atrial fibrillation that is caused by an overactive thyroid may go away when the thyroid problem is treated. However, cardiac arrhythmias that result from progressive or permanent damage to the heart tend to be long-term problems. […] Cardiac arrhythmias related to medications can be minimized by checking with a health care professional or pharmacist about any potential drug interactions. […] The treatment of a cardiac arrhythmia depends on its cause: Sinus node dysfunction – In people with frequent, severe symptoms, the usual treatment is a permanent pacemaker. […] Some patients with second-degree heart block may require permanent pacemakers. Third-degree A-V block is almost always treated with a permanent pacemaker. […] The prognosis for ventricular fibrillation is grave, and death follows quickly without emergency treatment.

• #8 Cardiac arrhythmias Guide: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment Options

  https://www.drugs.com/health-guide/cardiac-arrhythmias.html

  A cardiac arrhythmia is any abnormal heart rate or rhythm. […] Cardiac arrhythmias sometimes are classified according to their origin as either ventricular arrhythmias (originating in the ventricles) or supraventricular arrhythmias (originating in heart areas above the ventricles, typically the atria). […] Some common types of cardiac arrhythmias include: Sinus node dysfunction – This usually causes a slow heart rate (bradycardia), with a heart rate of 50 beats per minute or less. The most common cause is scar tissue that develops and eventually replaces the sinus node. Why this happens is not known. Sinus node dysfunction also can be caused by coronary artery disease, hypothyroidism, severe liver disease, hypothermia, typhoid fever or other conditions. […] Some causes of A-V block include cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease, and medications such as beta blockers and digoxin.

• #9 Heart Arrhythmia | Conditions | UCSF Health

  https://www.ucsfhealth.org/conditions/heart-arrhythmia

  An arrhythmia occurs when the electrical signals that tell your heart to pump don’t work properly. Several problems can disrupt these electrical signals. The nerve cells that produce the signals may malfunction. Or the signals may not be traveling normally through the heart muscle. Or one part of the heart may begin producing signals that disrupt its normal rhythm. […] Risk factors for arrhythmias are similar to those for other heart conditions. They include: […] Certain health conditions. Cardiomyopathy (diseased heart muscle), heart attack, sleep apnea and kidney disease are among the conditions that can increase the risk of heart arrhythmias. […] Arrhythmias can develop in the days and weeks after surgeries involving the heart, lungs or throat.

• #10 Atrial fibrillation | Heart and Stroke Foundation

  https://www.heartandstroke.ca/heart-disease/conditions/atrial-fibrillation

  Atrial fibrillation (Afib or AF) is a type of irregular heart rhythm (arrhythmia). Arrhythmias are due to electrical signal disturbances of the heart. Afib is the most common arrhythmia. […] The risk of developing atrial fibrillation increases with age and with other risk factors such as diabetes, high blood pressure and underlying heart disease. […] Common causes of Afib include: high blood pressure the most common risk factor for Afib, heart failure, coronary artery disease which has led to a heart attack, coronary artery bypass surgery, cardiomyopathy, diabetes, myocarditis or pericarditis infection or inflammation of the heart, diseases that damage the valves of the heart, hyperthyroidism overactive thyroid, pulmonary embolism a blood clot in the lung, atrial septal defect (repaired in childhood) and other congenital heart defects, heavy alcohol use, unhealthy weight, sleep apnea, age Afib is more common in older people.

• #10 Atrial fibrillation | Heart and Stroke Foundation

  https://www.heartandstroke.ca/heart-disease/conditions/atrial-fibrillation

  In many cases, the cause of atrial fibrillation is not known. […] If you develop Afib before the age of 60 without any structural heart disease, you may have idiopathic (or lone) atrial fibrillation. Researchers have identified a handful of genes that predispose families to idiopathic Afib. It is also possible for young people without Afib in their family to develop the disease.

• #11 Atrial fibrillation – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/atrial-fibrillation/symptoms-causes/syc-20350624

  Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is an irregular and often very rapid heart rhythm. […] Problems with the heart’s structure are the most common cause of atrial fibrillation (AFib). […] Heart diseases and health problems that can cause AFib include: a heart problem you’re born with, called a congenital heart defect; a problem with the heart’s natural pacemaker, called sick sinus syndrome; a sleep disorder called obstructive sleep apnea; heart attack; heart valve disease; high blood pressure; lung diseases, including pneumonia; narrowed or blocked arteries, called coronary artery disease; thyroid disease such as an overactive thyroid; infections from viruses. […] Lifestyle habits that can trigger an AFib episode may include: drinking too much alcohol or caffeine; illegal drug use; smoking or using tobacco; taking medicines that contain stimulants, including cold and allergy medicines bought without a prescription.

• #12 Heart Arrhythmia Treatment, St. James – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/st-james/services-and-treatments/cardiology/diseases/arrhythmia

  Heart rhythm problems, or heart arrhythmias, occur when the electrical impulses that coordinate your heartbeats don’t work properly, causing your heart to beat too fast, too slow or irregularly. […] Certain conditions can increase your risk of developing an arrhythmia, including: […] Coronary artery disease, other heart problems and previous heart surgery — narrowed heart arteries, a heart attack, abnormal heart valves, prior heart surgery, heart failure and other heart damage are risk factors for almost any kind of arrhythmia. […] High blood pressure — this increases your risk of developing coronary artery disease. It may also cause the walls of your left ventricle to become stiff and thick, which can change how electrical impulses travel through your heart. […] Congenital heart disease — being born with a heart abnormality may affect your heart’s rhythm.

• #12 Heart Arrhythmia Treatment, St. James – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/st-james/services-and-treatments/cardiology/diseases/arrhythmia

  Thyroid problems — having an overactive or underactive thyroid gland can raise your risk of arrhythmias. […] Diabetes — your risk of developing coronary artery disease and high blood pressure greatly increases with uncontrolled diabetes. […] Obstructive sleep apnea — this disorder, where your breathing is interrupted during sleep, can increase your risk of bradycardia, atrial fibrillation and other arrhythmias. […] Electrolyte imbalance — substances in your blood called electrolytes, such as potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium, trigger and conduct the electrical impulses in your heart. Electrolyte levels that are too high or too low can affect your heart’s electrical impulses and contribute to arrhythmia development.

• #13 Arrhythmia Causes, Risk Factors, and Triggers

  https://www.healthline.com/health/arrhythmia/arrhythmia-causes

  According to a 2024 research review, atrial fibrillation (the most common arrhythmia type) can also be due to: hypertension (high blood pressure), obesity, high blood pressure, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). […] If you have the above risk factors or underlying conditions, the following can cause arrhythmia: stress and anxiety, heavy caffeine consumption, high or low blood sugar levels, certain illegal drugs, physical overexertion, some medications like antidepressants, blood pressure medications, and certain cancer drugs, dehydration. […] Several underlying conditions and risk factors can lead to arrhythmia.

• #14 Atrial Fibrillation (AFib): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16765-atrial-fibrillation-afib

  AFib causes a fast, chaotic heartbeat. […] Changes to your hearts tissue and electrical system cause atrial fibrillation. Heres what can cause such changes: […] Other forms of cardiovascular disease. These include coronary artery disease, valve disease and heart failure. […] Other medical conditions. These include high blood pressure, overweight, obesity, hyperthyroidism, chronic kidney disease and obstructive sleep apnea. […] Genetic variants. Certain gene changes are associated with AFib, according to the latest research. These genetic links may explain some cases of AFib that begin at a younger age. […] Heart surgery. Its possible for AFib to begin after heart surgery you have for another reason. AFib can also happen when youre recovering from non-cardiac surgery.

• #15 What Is Arrhythmia? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/arrhythmia/guide/

  Common risk factors for arrhythmias include: Heart attack, Heart failure or cardiomyopathy, Abnormal heart valves, Congenital (present at birth) heart defects, High blood pressure, Sleep apnea, Smoking, Thyroid problems, Extreme emotional stress or anger. […] Certain conditions make arrhythmias more likely, including hyperthyroidism, or an overactive thyroid, and sleep apnea. […] Hyperthyroidism is a condition in which the thyroid gland produces too much of a hormone called thyroxine. […] This can accelerate your metabolism and lead to unintentional weight loss. […] It can also affect your heart, causing rapid or irregular heartbeats. […] Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder in which breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep. […] The condition increases the risk of heart problems, including heart attack, stroke, and arrhythmias like atrial fibrillation.

• #15 What Is Arrhythmia? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/arrhythmia/guide/

  Arrhythmias happen when the electrical signals that control your heartbeat dont work properly. […] This can happen if the specialized heart cells that send the electrical signals are damaged or if the electrical signals dont travel properly through the heart. […] A normal heartbeat can also be disrupted if the heart produces too many electrical signals. […] Sometimes the cause of an arrhythmia is unknown. […] Arrhythmias are common in older adults, who are more likely to have heart disease, high blood pressure, and other health conditions that can cause arrhythmias. […] Some medications can also cause arrhythmias as a side effect, including tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), antihistamines, and beta-blockers. […] Additionally, illegal drugs, such as cocaine, methamphetamines, and stimulants like caffeine and nicotine can cause arrhythmias.

• #16

  https://www.aurorahealthcare.org/services/heart-vascular/conditions/arrhythmia

  An arrhythmia happens because of a problem with the heart’s electrical system. When the heart is pumping correctly, tiny electrical currents signal the heart to beat. With an irregular heartbeat, the heart may have extra, missing or slow signals. Or the signals may not travel normally through the heart. […] Causes of heart arrhythmia include: […] Injury from a past heart attack or surgery […] Health issues, such as Long QT syndrome and other inherited electrical disorders of the heart (congenital heart disease) or thyroid disorders […] Heart failure […] Cardiomyopathy, an enlarged heart […] Substances, such as caffeine, nicotine or diet pills […] Highly emotional states, such as shock or stress. […] Ventricular arrhythmia can also be caused by: […] Abnormally low levels of electrolytes, such as sodium, calcium or potassium […] Accidental electrical shocks […] Coronary artery disease.

• #17 Tachycardia Arrhythmia | Cardiology | Mercy Health

  https://www.mercy.com/health-care-services/heart-vascular/conditions/tachycardia-arrhythmia

  Tachycardia can be caused by factors that disrupt the electrical impulses of the heart. […] Factors that contribute to electrical system problems include: Congenital abnormality of the heart, Anemia, Exercise, Sudden stress, High or low blood pressure, Smoking, Fever, Drinking too much alcohol, Imbalance of electrolytes, Overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism). […] Conditions that can strain the heart increase the likelihood of developing tachycardia. Conditions include: Heart disease, High blood pressure, Sleep apnea, Smoking, Diabetes, Heavy alcohol use, Heavy caffeine use, Anemia, Use of illicit drugs, Psychological stress or anxiety.

• #18 Heart Arrhythmia > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/heart-arrhythmia

  Heart arrhythmia causes the heart to beat irregularly. […] Heart arrhythmia can happen if those electrical signals are delayed or blocked. This can happen because of problems with heart muscle cells or blockages in the heart’s electrical system, or when extra circuits or spots in the heart give off extra beats. […] While some arrhythmias are due to problems purely of the heart’s electrical system, others can be caused by underlying heart problems, or made worse by poor health habits. […] More serious arrhythmias can be due to underlying heart disease, such as blockages in the arteries or heart attack, heart failure, or congenital heart defects. […] However, heart palpitations are very common. Sometimes, they are a sign of other medical conditions unrelated to the heart, including an overactive thyroid, anemia, low blood pressure, dehydration, hormonal changes, or low potassium levels. […] Certain medications, stress, strong emotions, and vigorous physical activity can cause heart palpitations.

• #19 Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) Causes, Risk factors and Triggers

  https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/atrial-fibrillation/causes-risks-triggers-afib

  Atrial fibrillation (AFib) is the most common problem with your heartbeat’s rate or rhythm. […] The basic cause of AFib is disorganized signals that cause the atria of your heart to squeeze very fast and out of sync. […] Damage to your heart’s electrical system can cause AFib. This damage often results from other conditions that affect the heart. […] Researchers have found that low potassium levels in your body are linked to an increased risk of AFib. […] Dehydration is a common trigger for an AFib episode, but it isn’t the cause of your AFib. […] AFib is a hereditary condition, which means a part of the cause is in the genes you get from your parents at birth. […] AFib is a problem with your heart. So, other heart issues raise your chances of having it, such as coronary artery disease, heart valve disease, rheumatic heart disease, heart failure, weakened heart muscle (cardiomyopathy), heart birth defects, and inflamed membrane or sac around the heart (pericarditis).

• #19 Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) Causes, Risk factors and Triggers

  https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/atrial-fibrillation/causes-risks-triggers-afib

  Heart conditions such as these raise your chances for AFib because they create physical stress and stretch the tissues in the upper left chamber of the heart. […] An overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism) speeds up everything in your body, including your heart. […] These conditions are not only linked to hypertension but may also make it harder for your heart to empty. […] Each time you are suddenly awakened due to a lack of oxygen, it puts mechanical stress on your heart and causes chemical changes. […] The resulting inflammation could cause changes to your heart. […] Research suggests that people who take high doses of steroids may be more likely to get AFib. […] Sometimes, doctors can’t find an obvious reason why someone gets AFib. […] Many things can increase your risk for AFib, including age, family history, heart disease, heart surgery, high blood pressure, and obesity. […] An AFib episode can be triggered by dehydration, lack of sleep, stress, and stimulants such as caffeine.

• #20 Understanding Arrhythmia: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

  https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/atrial-fibrillation/heart-disease-abnormal-heart-rhythm

  An arrhythmia can be silent, meaning you don’t notice any symptoms. Your doctor may spot an uneven heartbeat during a physical exam. […] You could have an arrhythmia even if your heart is healthy. The following could be irregular heartbeat causes: Heart disease, The wrong balance of electrolytes (such as sodium or potassium) in your blood, Heart injury or changes such as reduced blood flow or stiff heart tissue, The healing process after heart surgery, Infection or fever, Certain medications, including antidepressants, decongestants, and high blood pressure medications, Problems with electrical signals in your heart, Strong emotions, stress, or surprise, Things in your daily life such as alcohol, tobacco, caffeine, or exercise, Diabetes, High blood pressure, COVID-19 infection, Sleep apnea, Problems with your thyroid gland, Anxiety, Cardiomyopathy, Changes in hormone levels.

• #20 Understanding Arrhythmia: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

  https://www.webmd.com/heart-disease/atrial-fibrillation/heart-disease-abnormal-heart-rhythm

  Things that may make you more likely to have an arrhythmia include your: Age. The chances go up as you get older. Genes. Your odds might be higher if a close relative has had an arrhythmia. Some types of heart disease can also run in families. Lifestyle. Alcohol, tobacco, and recreational drugs can raise your risk. Medical conditions. High blood pressure, diabetes, low blood sugar, obesity, sleep apnea, anxiety, thyroid disorders, lung disease, and autoimmune disorders are among the conditions that may cause heart rhythm problems. Environment. Things in the world around you, like air pollution, can make an arrhythmia more likely. Heart disease. If you were born with a heart disease or have had other heart problems in the past, you’re more at risk for arrhythmias. Previous treatments for heart disease. You’re more likely to have arrhythmia if you’ve had surgeries or other treatments for heart disease in the past.

• #21 Arrhythmia Causes | Stanford Health Care

  https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-conditions/blood-heart-circulation/arrhythmia/causes.html

  Arrhythmias occur because of problems with the electrical signals that control heartbeat, including: […] Causes and risk factors of arrhythmia include: […] Changes to your hearts structure, caused by conditions such as amyloidosis, cardiomyopathy, and sarcoidosis […] Conditions including diabetes, high blood pressure, sleep apnea, and thyroid disease […] Congenital heart disease (heart birth defects) […] Coronary artery disease (blockage of heart arteries) […] Heart attack, one that is presently occurring or scarring from a previous attack […] Heart failure […] Overuse or abuse of alcohol, caffeine, and certain drugs […] Previous treatment for cancer, including certain chemotherapy drugs and types of radiation treatment […] Smoking […] Stress from lifestyle issues or illnesses such as pneumonia […] Use of certain prescription or over-the-counter medications.

• #22 How Cardiac Arrhythmia Can Affect Your Body: Symptoms and Causes – CVRTI

  https://cvrti.utah.edu/how-cardiac-arrhythmia-can-affect-your-body-symptoms-and-causes/

  Cardiac arrhythmia could be caused by any number of health issues including coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, cardiomyopathy, or valve disorders. […] Some may have irritable tissue in the heart, which could come from genetic issues or acquired causes. […] Those who have had a heart attack before and who have a damaged heart may develop heart arrhythmia. […] During the healing process after undergoing heart surgery, the heart may be arrhythmic. […] Even electrolyte imbalances in the blood could create arrhythmia for a time. […] Premature heartbeats can be caused by stimulants like caffeine and nicotine, strenuous exercise, and stress.

• #23 Causes of Arrhythmia | Adventist Heart Institute

  https://www.adventistheart.org/arrhythmia/causes-of-arrhythmia/index.html

  Many conditions, activities and substances can potentially cause or lead to arrhythmia, including: […] Genetics – being born with a heart abnormality […] Heart disease […] Changes in the heart muscle, or cardiomyopathy […] Valve disorders […] Injury or scarring due to heart attack […] Healing process following heart surgery […] High blood pressure […] Diabetes […] Obesity […] Hyperthyroidism […] Electrolyte imbalances in the blood (such as sodium or potassium) […] Obstructive sleep apnea […] Stress […] Excessive caffeine or alcohol intake […] Smoking […] Drug abuse […] Dietary supplements […] Over-the-counter medications (such as cough/cold remedies) […] Prescription drugs, including some medications commonly prescribed for arrhythmias, heart disease and high blood pressure […] Environmental/workplace exposures (such as industrial-plant pollution, automobile emissions, cigarette smoke, propane gas or paint thinners)

• #24

  https://www.advocatehealth.com/health-services/advocate-heart-institute/conditions/inherited-heart-diseases/arrhythmias

  Arrhythmias (irregular heart rhythms) are often not a cause for concern. But hereditary arrhythmias are different. These heart rhythm issues run in families. They tend to be more severe and raise the risk of life-threatening complications, including heart attack and sudden cardiac arrest. […] Arrhythmias are a group of conditions that cause an abnormal heart rhythm. The heart may beat abnormally fast or slow due to problems with the hearts electrical system. In many cases, blood does not move through the heart efficiently, causing less blood to get pumped out to the body. […] Inherited arrhythmias occur due to gene mutations. Having a gene mutation responsible for inherited arrhythmias raises your risk of having one. But not everyone with the mutation experiences them. The best way to learn about your risk is through genetic testing.

• #25 Arrhythmias in Children | Children’s Hospital Los Angeles

  https://www.chla.org/arrhythmias-children

  Causes and risk factors for irregular heartbeats in children include: […] Some arrhythmias are inherited, or passed down through families. Children have a higher risk of an arrhythmia if the condition runs in their family. […] Certain congenital heart defects (present at birth) can disrupt the hearts normal electrical pathways, leading to an arrhythmia. […] Electrolytes are minerals your body needs to keep a regular heart rate. If these minerals are out of balance, an arrhythmia can occur. […] Some children are born with a type of heart block called congenital heart block. Others may develop complete heart block after cardiothoracic surgery or because of existing heart disease. […] Some types of LQTS can cause serious complications without treatment. […] Sick sinus syndrome can happen after open-heart surgery. […] Children who have Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome are born with an extra electrical pathway in the heart. This extra pathway can cause the electrical signals to misfire, making the heart rate too fast.

• #26 Arrhythmia: Types, causes, symptoms, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/8887

  Bradycardia is when the heart rhythm is slower than usual, below 60 beats per minute (bpm) for most people. […] Possible causes include: various types of heart disease, chest trauma, genetic factors, the use of certain drugs and medications, hypothermia. […] Long QT syndrome refers to a heart rhythm disorder that a person is born with. It sometimes causes rapid, uncoordinated heartbeats. […] Overall risk factors for arrhythmia include having an existing heart condition, being born with unusual structural features in the heart, and being over the age of 65 years. […] Certain other conditions and medications can also increase the risk of arrhythmia. […] Arrhythmia is not always serious, but it can indicate an underlying heart problem or a higher risk of a stroke or heart attack. […] There are many causes of arrhythmia, but underlying heart disease is often a factor. Other causes include the use of certain medications. […] In some cases, arrhythmia may be a sign of a serious condition, and it can lead to severe complications.

• #26 Arrhythmia: Types, causes, symptoms, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/8887

  An arrhythmia is an irregular heartbeat that may feel like a racing or fluttering heart. It is not always serious but can sometimes indicate a potentially fatal heart problem. […] Arrhythmias sometimes called dysrhythmias occur when the electrical signals that coordinate heartbeats are not working correctly. […] If they are highly irregular or result from a weak or damaged heart, arrhythmias can cause severe and potentially fatal symptoms and complications. […] There are several types of arrhythmia. […] AFib is the irregular beating of the atrial chambers and nearly always involves tachycardia. […] A possible cause of VT is scarring from a previous heart attack. […] Ventricular fibrillation (VFib) is an irregular heart rhythm consisting of rapid, uncoordinated, and fluttering contractions of the ventricles.

• #27 Arrhythmia (abnormal heart rhythm) | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/arrhythmia-abnormal-heart-rhythm

  An arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rhythm. […] Drinking alcohol in excess or being overweight increases your risk of developing atrial fibrillation. […] You may also be at risk of developing an arrhythmia if your heart tissue is damaged because of an illness, for example, if you have had a heart attack or have heart failure. […] Atrial fibrillation is a common cause of stroke. Having atrial fibrillation means your risk of stroke is five times higher than for someone whose heart rhythm is normal. […] Certain types of arrhythmia occur in people with severe heart conditions. These can cause sudden cardiac death. Some of these deaths could be avoided if the arrhythmias were diagnosed earlier. […] Other causes of arrhythmia include: Brugada syndrome, Long QT syndrome, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome.

• #28 Arrhythmia – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrhythmia

  Arrhythmias are due to problems with the electrical conduction system of the heart. […] Causes of SADS in young people include viral myocarditis, long QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia. […] The most common cause of sudden death in the US is coronary artery disease specifically because of poor oxygenation of the heart muscle, that is myocardial ischemia or a heart attack.

• #29 Atrial fibrillation

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/atrial-fibrillation/

  Atrial fibrillation is caused by a problem with the electrical system that makes your heart beat. […] Atrial fibrillation can also be caused by another condition such as high blood pressure, heart conditions like heart failure, mitral valve problems or Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, a heart attack, chronic kidney disease, an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism), diabetes, sleep apnoea.

• #30 Arrhythmias – Abnormal heart rhythms – BHF

  https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/conditions/arrhythmias

  An arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rhythm. Your heart is controlled by a conduction system which sends out electrical impulses. This causes a heartbeat. […] Arrhythmias are caused by a problem in this conduction system, which can make your heart beat too slowly, too quickly, or in an irregular way. […] Some underlying conditions which could cause an arrhythmia are: a heart attack, heart failure, cardiomyopathy, coronary heart disease. […] Some abnormal heart rhythms can be caused by inherited conditions, such as Long QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, CPVT and PCCD. […] Other common triggers of an arrhythmia include: viral illnesses, recreational drugs, alcohol, smoking, caffeine, medications (over-the-counter and prescribed).

• #31 Arrhythmia: causes, types and treatment – SENDO | SENDO

  https://en.sendo.info/blog/causes-of-heart-arrhythmia-and-how-to-manage-it-1523

  Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, on the other hand, is a condition characterized by abnormal thickening of the heart muscle. […] Electrolyte imbalance refers to abnormal levels of electrolytes such as potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium in the body. […] Stress can provoke arrhythmias in different ways. […] Excessive consumption of alcohol, nicotine or caffeine leads to disturbances in the normal functioning of the electrical system of the heart through various mechanisms. […] People with a family history of heart rhythm disorders are at higher risk of developing such conditions. […] In conclusion, arrhythmia of the heart is a pathological condition caused by various factors which include heart disease, electrolyte imbalance, high levels of stress, unhealthy habits as well as family burdens.

• #32 Heart arrhythmias and palpitations | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/heart-arrhythmias-and-palpitations

  An arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rhythm, where the heart beats irregularly, too fast or too slowly. […] Sometimes, your hearts electrical system may not work properly because of heart disease, some medicines, or sometimes for no known reason. Changes in your hearts electrical system can cause abnormal heart rhythms, also called arrhythmias. […] There are some conditions that can lead to an abnormal heart rhythm, including: a heart attack, congenital heart disease, coronary heart disease, diabetes, heart failure, high blood pressure, obstructive sleep apnoea, structural heart abnormalities such as from cardiomyopathy, heart valve disease or scarring from a previous heart attack, thyroid problems, excess alcohol intake. […] Other common triggers of an abnormal heart rhythm include: alcohol, caffeine, nicotine (either in cigarettes or e-cigarettes), other unrelated illness such as a cold or flu, recreational drugs, some medicines (over-the-counter or prescription), stress (physical or emotional), tiredness.

• #33 Cardiac arrhythmia: causes, treatment | gesund.bund.de

  https://gesund.bund.de/en/cardiac-arrhythmia-heart-rhythm-disorder

  But cardiac arrhythmias can also happen in people with healthy hearts and no pre-existing conditions these are called idiopathic cardiac arrhythmias. […] Some medication can also trigger cardiac arrhythmias as a side effect. These include some blood pressure-lowering medicines and cardiac agents, anti-depressants, antibiotics or cancer medication.

• #34 Overview of Arrhythmias – Cardiovascular Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/cardiovascular-disorders/overview-of-arrhythmias-and-conduction-disorders/overview-of-arrhythmias

  The heart beats in a regular, coordinated way because electrical impulses generated and spread by myocytes with unique electrical properties trigger a sequence of organized myocardial contractions. Arrhythmias and conduction disorders are caused by abnormalities in the generation or conduction of these electrical impulses or both. […] Any heart disease, including congenital abnormalities of structure (eg, accessory atrioventricular connection) or function (eg, hereditary ion channelopathies), can disturb rhythm. Systemic factors that can cause or contribute to a rhythm disturbance include electrolyte abnormalities (particularly hypokalemia or hypomagnesemia), hypoxia, hormonal imbalances (eg, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism), and medications and toxins (eg, alcohol, caffeine). […] Rhythm disturbances result from abnormalities of impulse formation, impulse conduction, or both.

• #34 Overview of Arrhythmias – Cardiovascular Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/cardiovascular-disorders/overview-of-arrhythmias-and-conduction-disorders/overview-of-arrhythmias

  Bradyarrhythmias result from decreased intrinsic pacemaker function or blocks in conduction, principally within the AV node or the His-Purkinje system. […] Most tachyarrhythmias are caused by reentry; some result from enhanced normal automaticity or from abnormal mechanisms of automaticity. […] Under certain conditions, typically precipitated by a premature beat, reentry can cause continuous circulation of an activation wavefront, causing a tachyarrhythmia. […] However, 3 conditions favor reentry: Shortening of tissue refractoriness (eg, by sympathetic stimulation), Lengthening of the conduction pathway (eg, by hypertrophy or abnormal conduction pathways), Slowing of impulse conduction (eg, by ischemia).

• #35 What is an Arrhythmia? | American Heart Association

  https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/about-arrhythmia

  The term “arrhythmia” refers to any problem in the rate or rhythm of a person’s heartbeat. […] Arrhythmias can be caused by: […] A delay or blockage of the electrical signals that control the heartbeat […] Another part of the heart taking over as pacemaker […] Changes to heart tissue caused by changes in blood flow, damage to the heart’s electrical system or stiffening or scarring of the heart tissue […] Excessive exertion, strain or stress […] An imbalance of fluids, hormones or electrolytes in the blood […] Certain heart medications […] An arrhythmia occurs when: […] The heart’s natural pacemaker develops an abnormal rate or rhythm. […] The normal conduction pathway is interrupted or changed. […] Another part of the heart takes over as a pacemaker.

• #36 Other Heart Rhythm Disorders | American Heart Association

  https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/arrhythmia/about-arrhythmia/other-heart-rhythm-disorders

  When the sinus node (also called the sinoatrial or SA node) doesn’t produce its electrical signals properly, the heart rate slows down, pauses or speeds up. This is referred to as sick sinus syndrome. […] In this disorder, the electrical pathways between the heart’s upper (atria) and lower (ventricles) chambers malfunction. This allows electrical signals to reach the ventricles too early. Those electrical impulses can then be “bounced back” to the atria.

• #37 Heart Arrhythmia Causes | Cause Of Irregular Heartbeat

  https://www.afibamerica.com/arrhythmia-treatment/arrhythmia-causes/

  Scar tissue can develop over the site where the electrical signals are produced which interrupts the signals and, should the scarring become extensive, block the signals entirely. […] Heavy use of alcohol, smoking, some illegal drugs, certain prescription medications, some over-the-counter drugs, or excessive caffeine can lead to arrhythmias in people with normal hearts. […] High levels of emotional stress, elevated blood pressures, or prolonged anger releases stress hormones that can sometimes lead to arrhythmias. […] If the hearts electrical system is damaged as a result of a heart attack, prolonged high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, hypothyroidism, heart failure, or rheumatic fever the damage can result in arrhythmias. […] Often arrhythmias have no known cause or are a result of congenital heart defects.

• #38 Arrhythmias – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK558923/

  Arrhythmia entails a broad spectrum of disorders of heart rate and rhythm abnormalities. Arrhythmia is broadly categorized into bradyarrhythmias and tachyarrhythmia based on the heart rate. […] The prevalence of arrhythmias is expected to be 1.5% to 5% in the general population, with atrial fibrillation being the most common. […] Tachyarrhythmia is defined as an abnormal rhythm with a ventricular heart rate of 100 beats per minute or more. […] Ventricular Tachycardia: Origin is below the AV node. It is the major cause of sudden cardiac deaths in the United States. […] Bradyarrhythmia is defined as a heart rate below 60 beats per minute (bpm) and comprises several rhythm disorders, including atrioventricular (A-V) blocks and sinus node disorders. […] Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy: Mechanism: Subaortic outflow tract obstruction from abnormal hypertrophy of the septal region of the heart, leading to precipitation of ventricular arrhythmias.

• #39 Arrhythmia: Types, Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/heart-health/arrhythmias

  Arrhythmia causes include: Genetic conditions, such as Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. WPW causes an abnormal nerve conduction pathway from the upper to lower chambers of the heart, triggering a rapid heartbeat. WPW is a rare condition present at birth. Other types of genetic defects can cause or increase the risk of developing arrhythmias. […] Lifestyle habits. Smoking, excessive exercise, and drinking too much caffeine can contribute to or trigger an arrhythmia. […] Medications and drugs, including stimulants, certain prescribed drugs, herbal drugs, diet drugs, and cocaine can cause an arrhythmia. […] Older age. Increasing age correlates with decreasing heart function, even in otherwise healthy individuals.

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