Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Adult Congenital Heart Disease Care | UC San Diego Health

  https://health.ucsd.edu/care/heart-vascular/adult-congenital-heart-disease/

  If you were born with a heart problem, you likely have congenital heart disease and will need lifelong care. […] The adult congenital heart disease program at UC San Diego Health is the only program of its kind south of Los Angeles. […] We are also the first and only program in San Diego to be accredited as a comprehensive care center by the Adult Congenital Heart Association (ACHA). This distinction makes us uniquely qualified to treat people over age 16 who were born with a heart defect. […] An estimated 1.6 million adults in the U.S. live with congenital heart disease. […] Most congenital heart defects are detected shortly after birth, although some are not discovered for years. […] A congenital heart defect can also increase the risk of developing complications, such as heart failure, endocarditis, atrial arrhythmia and heart valve problems.

• #2 Adult Congenital Heart Disease: Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16891-heart-disease-adult-congenital-heart-disease

  Adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) is a term for conditions that affect your hearts structure. These heart defects impact blood flow. […] Advances in diagnosis and treatment have improved outcomes for people with ACHD. More than 90% of people with ACHD treated as children live into adulthood. […] Your healthcare provider will first ask about your symptoms and medical history. They will do a physical exam and listen to your heart with a stethoscope. […] ACHD treatment depends on the type and severity of the condition and may include: […] If you have ACHD, your outlook depends on the type of congenital heart disease, its severity and the treatment. […] Adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) is a term for conditions that affect the structure of your heart. These heart defects impact your blood flow. You have ACHD from birth. You may have fatigue, heart murmur, shortness of breath or no symptoms at all. Your provider can treat ACHD with medications, implantable devices and surgery. If you have mild ACHD, you may not need treatment. Regardless of the severity, you should see a cardiologist for regular checkups. Many people with ACHD lead full, active lives.

• #3 Diagnosing Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis

  There are an estimated 1 million adults living with congenital heart disease in the United States. […] Sometimes, however, heart defects do not cause symptoms in infancy or childhood and are not detected until adolescence or early adulthood. […] Long-term complications for adults with congenital heart disease can include problems with the aortic valve, mitral valve, pulmonary valve, or tricuspid valve; heart rhythm disorders; heart failure; stroke; aneurysm; and pulmonary hypertension, a serious form of high pressure in the lungs. […] Symptoms in adults vary, depending on the type of congenital heart defect. They may include heart palpitations, bluish skin, dizziness, fainting, shortness of breath, and exercise intolerance, in which you tire easily while exercising. […] He or she typically uses various tests to determine how to best manage the condition. These tests can also be used to diagnose congenital heart disease in adults who were not diagnosed as children.

• #4 Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Disease in Adulthood: How Often, How Relevant? – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39265799/

  Congenital heart disease (CHD) is typically detected during fetal life, infancy, or early childhood. However, there is no published data regarding the proportion of congenital heart defects that are diagnosed in adulthood or the impact of these defects. […] In total, 26.5% of patients were diagnosed in adulthood (mean age 47 16 years). […] About one-fourth of patients with CHD were diagnosed in adulthood, and up to 42.5% had moderate or severe complexity lesions. A significant proportion had developed complications at the time of diagnosis and half of them required intervention.

• #5 Congenital Heart Disease: Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21674-congenital-heart-disease

  Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a problem with how your heart forms before birth. […] Healthcare providers can detect heart defects early (before or shortly after birth). But sometimes, people dont get a CHD diagnosis until childhood, adolescence or adulthood. […] Sometimes a healthcare provider finds a congenital condition before a baby is born. If your provider finds anything unusual during a routine prenatal ultrasound, you and the fetus may need further testing. […] Providers detect other heart issues soon after a baby is born. For example, they can diagnose cyanotic CHD with pulse oximetry. The simple, painless test uses sensors on your babys fingers or toes to find out if oxygen levels are too low. Sometimes, people dont get a congenital heart defect diagnosis until later in life.

• #6 The incidentally diagnosed adult congenital heart disease during routine medical health checkups in 27,897 Koreans at a single center over seven years | BMC Cardiovascular Disorders | Full Text

  https://bmccardiovascdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12872-018-0968-0

  The rate of incidentally diagnosed congenital heart disease (CHD) in adulthood has not been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the detection rate of CHD in adults by routine, general health checkups. […] Among the 27,897 patients, who were included in the final analysis, 293 cases were newly diagnosed as CHD, and the overall detection rate was 1.05%. […] During general health checkup, there were cases of severe CHD that required cardiac surgery upon diagnosis. […] The first aim of this study is to determine the detection rate of newly diagnosed CHD in adults during health checkups. […] We also wanted to investigate the severity of these incidentally diagnosed CHD by assessing the degree of symptoms and whether the patient opted to have treatment. […] We think the true incidence of newly diagnosed adult CHD is close to the sum of the number of cases diagnosed in outpatient clinics and those diagnosed during health checkups.

• #7 The incidentally diagnosed adult congenital heart disease during routine medical health checkups in 27,897 Koreans at a single center over seven years | BMC Cardiovascular Disorders | Full Text

  https://bmccardiovascdisord.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12872-018-0968-0

  Therefore, we investigated the detection rate of previously undetected, unrepaired adult CHD through general health checkups, showing a result of 1.05% (293/27,897). […] This population-based study yielded new information on the detection rate of newly diagnosed adult CHD between 2010 and 2016 during general health checkups. In this study, there were some adults without any symptoms related to CHD, however, there were also cases of severe CHD that required cardiac surgery upon diagnosis, like those with Ebsteins anomaly. There was a female predominance among adults with CHD, and ASD was the most common type of CHD except BAV.

• #8 Diagnosing Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis

  There are an estimated 1 million adults living with congenital heart disease in the United States. […] Sometimes, however, heart defects do not cause symptoms in infancy or childhood and are not detected until adolescence or early adulthood. […] Long-term complications for adults with congenital heart disease can include problems with the aortic valve, mitral valve, pulmonary valve, or tricuspid valve; heart rhythm disorders; heart failure; stroke; aneurysm; and pulmonary hypertension, a serious form of high pressure in the lungs. […] Symptoms in adults vary, depending on the type of congenital heart defect. They may include heart palpitations, bluish skin, dizziness, fainting, shortness of breath, and exercise intolerance, in which you tire easily while exercising. […] He or she typically uses various tests to determine how to best manage the condition. These tests can also be used to diagnose congenital heart disease in adults who were not diagnosed as children.

• #9 Congenital Heart Disease: Types, Symptoms, Causes, and TreatmentHealthline

  https://www.healthline.com/health/congenital-heart-disease

  Congenital heart disease in adults can also vary depending on the severity of the heart defect. Some people may only need to monitor their condition closely, and others may require medications and surgeries. […] Depending on the defect, diagnosis and treatment may begin shortly after birth, during childhood, or in adulthood. Some defects don’t cause any symptoms until the child becomes an adult, so diagnosis and treatment may be delayed. In these cases, the symptoms of a newly discovered congenital heart defect may include: shortness of breath, chest pain, a reduced ability to exercise, being easily fatigued. […] Regardless of your situation, it’s important to continue seeing your doctor for follow-up care. Treatment may not cure your condition, but it can help you maintain an active, productive life. It will also reduce your risk for serious complications, such as heart infections, heart failure, and stroke.

• #10 Congenital Heart Disease in Adults: Types, Symptoms, and TreatmentHealthline

  https://www.healthline.com/health/congenital-heart-disease-in-adults

  For many people born with a heart defect, treatment may not be necessary until adulthood. As your heart grows, you might need surgeries, medications, and treatments. […] People often think of congenital heart disease as a health concern primarily involving infants and children. However, these children grow up to become adults living with the condition. […] It’s worth noting that there are no “cures” for congenital heart disease. However, there are well researched treatments that can improve heart function and surgeries that can correct anatomic issues. […] If you’ve never received a diagnosis of congenital heart disease, it’s important to get a prompt medical evaluation of any new symptoms. Chest pain and shortness of breath are especially concerning. […] If you have a known congenital heart defect, you should contact your doctor as soon as possible if you have new symptoms or worsening existing symptoms.

• #11 Types of Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/types

  Most people with congenital heart disease are diagnosed and treated in infancy, though some congenital defects are not detected until adulthood. […] NYU Langone doctors manage many types of congenital heart diseases in adults. […] There are several types of congenital heart defects that are more likely than others to be diagnosed or managed during adulthood. […] Atrial septal defects may be detected during a physical examination, when your doctor hears a heart murmur. […] Symptoms of atrial septal defect include exercise intolerance meaning you tire easily while exercising and arrhythmias, which are irregular heart rhythms that may feel like heart palpitations or fast heartbeats. […] Rarely, untreated atrial septal defects can lead to pulmonary hypertension, which is elevated blood pressures in the lungs, and Eisenmenger syndrome.

• #12 Congenital heart disease in adults – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355461

  To diagnose congenital heart disease in adults, your healthcare professional examines you and listens to your heart with a stethoscope. You are usually asked questions about your symptoms and medical and family history. […] Tests to diagnose or confirm congenital heart disease in adults include: […] An echocardiogram uses sound waves to create pictures of the beating heart. It shows how blood flows through the heart and heart valves. […] A heart MRI, also called a cardiac MRI, may be done to diagnose and look at congenital heart disease. The test creates 3D pictures of the heart, which allows for accurate measurement of the heart chambers. […] Adults with congenital heart disease are at risk of developing complications even if surgery was done to repair a defect during childhood. Lifelong follow-up care is important. Ideally, a doctor trained in treating adults with congenital heart disease should manage your care. This type of doctor is called a congenital cardiologist.

• #13 Adult Congenital Heart Disease: Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16891-heart-disease-adult-congenital-heart-disease

  Adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) is a term for conditions that affect your hearts structure. These heart defects impact blood flow. […] Advances in diagnosis and treatment have improved outcomes for people with ACHD. More than 90% of people with ACHD treated as children live into adulthood. […] Your healthcare provider will first ask about your symptoms and medical history. They will do a physical exam and listen to your heart with a stethoscope. […] ACHD treatment depends on the type and severity of the condition and may include: […] If you have ACHD, your outlook depends on the type of congenital heart disease, its severity and the treatment. […] Adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) is a term for conditions that affect the structure of your heart. These heart defects impact your blood flow. You have ACHD from birth. You may have fatigue, heart murmur, shortness of breath or no symptoms at all. Your provider can treat ACHD with medications, implantable devices and surgery. If you have mild ACHD, you may not need treatment. Regardless of the severity, you should see a cardiologist for regular checkups. Many people with ACHD lead full, active lives.

• #14 Congenital Heart Disease Symptoms & Treatment | UPMC

  https://www.upmc.com/services/pulmonology/conditions/congenital-heart-disease

  According to the CDC, congenital heart disease (CHD) affects 1% or nearly 40,000 births per year in the United States. […] To diagnose congenital heart disease, your doctor will listen to the heart for a murmur. A heart murmur is an abnormal sounding heart beat. Most heart murmurs are not serious. If your doctor hears a murmur and suspects that it could be the sign of something more serious, like CHD, he or she will perform a series of tests. […] These heart tests can include: Fetal echocardiogram, Echocardiogram, Fetal electrocardiogram, Chest X-ray, Pulse oximetry, Cardiac catheterization.

• #15 Types of Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/types

  Most people with congenital heart disease are diagnosed and treated in infancy, though some congenital defects are not detected until adulthood. […] NYU Langone doctors manage many types of congenital heart diseases in adults. […] There are several types of congenital heart defects that are more likely than others to be diagnosed or managed during adulthood. […] Atrial septal defects may be detected during a physical examination, when your doctor hears a heart murmur. […] Symptoms of atrial septal defect include exercise intolerance meaning you tire easily while exercising and arrhythmias, which are irregular heart rhythms that may feel like heart palpitations or fast heartbeats. […] Rarely, untreated atrial septal defects can lead to pulmonary hypertension, which is elevated blood pressures in the lungs, and Eisenmenger syndrome.

• #16 Adult Congenital Heart Disease | Heart and Vascular

  https://health.ucdavis.edu/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease

  To diagnose adult congenital heart disease, your physician reviews your symptoms and medical and family history. […] You receive a physical exam and may have one or more tests, such as: […] Improved diagnosis and treatments are helping people with congenital heart disease live longer and healthier. […] Our program strives to provide a smooth transition from childhood to adulthood with lifelong, multidisciplinary care. […] Your cardiologist may prescribe medications to help your heart function better. […] We offer minimally invasive catheter-based procedures to repair heart valves and close holes in your heart. […] Some heart anomalies require open-chest surgery to close holes, repair structural problems or replace heart valves. […] If you have adult congenital heart disease, pregnancy poses additional risks to you and your baby. […] Our cardiac rehab program the first in the region helps you recover after a heart procedure.

• #17 Congenital heart disease in adults – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355461

  To diagnose congenital heart disease in adults, your healthcare professional examines you and listens to your heart with a stethoscope. You are usually asked questions about your symptoms and medical and family history. […] Tests to diagnose or confirm congenital heart disease in adults include: […] An echocardiogram uses sound waves to create pictures of the beating heart. It shows how blood flows through the heart and heart valves. […] A heart MRI, also called a cardiac MRI, may be done to diagnose and look at congenital heart disease. The test creates 3D pictures of the heart, which allows for accurate measurement of the heart chambers. […] Adults with congenital heart disease are at risk of developing complications even if surgery was done to repair a defect during childhood. Lifelong follow-up care is important. Ideally, a doctor trained in treating adults with congenital heart disease should manage your care. This type of doctor is called a congenital cardiologist.

• #18 Congenital Heart Defects – Diagnosis | NHLBI, NIH

  https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/congenital-heart-defects/diagnosis

  Some congenital heart defects are diagnosed during pregnancy or soon after birth. Others may not be diagnosed until adulthood. A doctor will do a physical exam to looks for symptoms of a congenital heart defect. Based on what they find, they may order tests to confirm their diagnosis. […] You or your baby may need one or more of the following tests to determine whether symptoms are caused by a congenital heart defect: […] Echocardiography or echo is a painless test that uses sound waves to create moving pictures of the heart. It can help diagnose a heart defect or be used to follow progress over time. Echocardiography used during pregnancy (fetal echocardiography) can sometimes be used to help find a congenital heart defect before a baby is born. […] Electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG) to evaluate the rhythm of the heartbeat.

• #19 Common Tests for Congenital Heart Defects | American Heart Association

  https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/congenital-heart-defects/symptoms–diagnosis-of-congenital-heart-defects/common-tests-for-congenital-heart-defects

  An echocardiogram is an ultrasound movie of the inside of the heart. It can detect nearly every congenital heart defect or any problem of the heart muscle function. […] Your cardiologist may recommend a TEE when the standard echocardiogram isn’t clear enough to make the suspected diagnosis or if you are having heart surgery so the surgeon and anesthesia team have more information to guide treatment after surgery. This occurs most frequently in adolescent and adult patients. […] An electrophysiology study is a specialized cardiac catheterization that looks at the heart’s electrical or rhythm function instead of its blood flow. The heart’s rhythm function is what controls the start of each heartbeat and controls the heart rate.

• #20 Diagnosing Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis

  An electrocardiogram, or EKG, measures the hearts electrical activity. […] An echocardiogram is an ultrasound test that uses high-frequency sound waves to produce detailed images of the heart. […] In a transesophageal echocardiogram, a technician or your doctor inserts an ultrasound probe through the mouth and into the esophagus. […] An MRI scan produces computerized, two- and three-dimensional images of the heart using a magnetic field and radio waves. […] A CT scan produces three-dimensional, cross-sectional images of the body using X-rays. […] A stress test provides information about the functioning of your heart and arteries. […] If exercise triggers rapid and irregular heart rhythms or causes unusual fatigue or shortness of breath, your doctor may perform a stress test to help assess your ability to tolerate exercise.

• #21 Adult Congenital Heart Disease | Heart & Vascular | Loyola Medicine

  https://www.loyolamedicine.org/services/heart-and-vascular/heart-vascular-conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease

  Congenital heart disease is one of the many cardiovascular conditions diagnosed and treated by the highly skilled doctors at Loyola Medicine. […] A congenital heart defect is caused by abnormal development of your heart before birth, creating problems with its structure and function. […] While some heart defects may go undiscovered and can be left untreated, others have life-threatening symptoms and require complex medical treatment to prevent congestive heart failure (CHF) and other serious conditions. […] Regardless of the severity of your congenital heart defect, a heart specialist should monitor you as an adult. Many people with a history of congenital heart disease are at higher risk for an infection of the heart (endocarditis), arrhythmias, stroke, heart failure, pulmonary hypertension and congenital valve disease. Proper long-term care and monitoring can improve heart function.

• #22 Diagnosing Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis

  An electrocardiogram, or EKG, measures the hearts electrical activity. […] An echocardiogram is an ultrasound test that uses high-frequency sound waves to produce detailed images of the heart. […] In a transesophageal echocardiogram, a technician or your doctor inserts an ultrasound probe through the mouth and into the esophagus. […] An MRI scan produces computerized, two- and three-dimensional images of the heart using a magnetic field and radio waves. […] A CT scan produces three-dimensional, cross-sectional images of the body using X-rays. […] A stress test provides information about the functioning of your heart and arteries. […] If exercise triggers rapid and irregular heart rhythms or causes unusual fatigue or shortness of breath, your doctor may perform a stress test to help assess your ability to tolerate exercise.

• #23 Congenital heart disease in adults – Augusta HealthSearchClose SearchSearch IconSearch IconClose Search IconMobile Menu IconMobile Menu Close IconInstagramFacebookTwitterYoutube

  https://www.augustahealth.com/disease/congenital-heart-disease-in-adults/

  Echocardiogram. Sound waves (ultrasound) create images of the moving heart. An echocardiogram can show blood flow through the heart and heart valves. Echocardiograms may also be done while you exercise, typically on a bike or treadmill. […] Transesophageal echocardiogram. If more-detailed images of the heart are needed, a transesophageal echocardiogram may be done. In this test, a flexible tube containing the transducer is guided down the throat and into the tube connecting the mouth to the stomach (esophagus). […] Exercise tests or stress tests. These tests often involve walking on a treadmill or riding a stationary bike while the heart is monitored by ECG. Exercise tests help reveal how the heart responds to physical activity. […] Heart CT scan and heart MRI. These tests create images of the heart and chest. A heart (cardiac) CT scans use X-rays. Cardiac MRI uses a magnetic field and radio waves. For both tests, you lie on a table that typically slides inside a long tubelike machine.

• #24 Congenital heart disease in adults – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355461

  To diagnose congenital heart disease in adults, your healthcare professional examines you and listens to your heart with a stethoscope. You are usually asked questions about your symptoms and medical and family history. […] Tests to diagnose or confirm congenital heart disease in adults include: […] An echocardiogram uses sound waves to create pictures of the beating heart. It shows how blood flows through the heart and heart valves. […] A heart MRI, also called a cardiac MRI, may be done to diagnose and look at congenital heart disease. The test creates 3D pictures of the heart, which allows for accurate measurement of the heart chambers. […] Adults with congenital heart disease are at risk of developing complications even if surgery was done to repair a defect during childhood. Lifelong follow-up care is important. Ideally, a doctor trained in treating adults with congenital heart disease should manage your care. This type of doctor is called a congenital cardiologist.

• #25 Diagnosing Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis

  An electrocardiogram, or EKG, measures the hearts electrical activity. […] An echocardiogram is an ultrasound test that uses high-frequency sound waves to produce detailed images of the heart. […] In a transesophageal echocardiogram, a technician or your doctor inserts an ultrasound probe through the mouth and into the esophagus. […] An MRI scan produces computerized, two- and three-dimensional images of the heart using a magnetic field and radio waves. […] A CT scan produces three-dimensional, cross-sectional images of the body using X-rays. […] A stress test provides information about the functioning of your heart and arteries. […] If exercise triggers rapid and irregular heart rhythms or causes unusual fatigue or shortness of breath, your doctor may perform a stress test to help assess your ability to tolerate exercise.

• #26 Congenital Heart Defects – Diagnosis | NHLBI, NIH

  https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/congenital-heart-defects/diagnosis

  Cardiac catheterization to measure the pressure and oxygen level inside the heart chambers and blood vessels. This can help the doctor figure out whether blood is flowing from the left side of the heart into the right side of the heart, instead of going to the rest of the body. […] Chest X-ray to show whether the heart is enlarged. It can also show whether the lungs have extra blood flow or extra fluid, which can be a sign of heart failure. […] Genetic testing to determine if particular genes or genetic conditions are causing the congenital heart defect. Your doctor may refer you or your child to a doctor who specializes in genetic testing. […] Cardiac MRI to diagnose a heart defect or follow progress over time. […] Pulse oximetry to estimate how much oxygen is in the blood.

• #27 Congenital Heart Disease: Diagnosis & Treatment | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/heart/congenital-heart-disease/treatment

  How is Congenital Heart Disease Diagnosed? Diagnosis Physicians use a variety of heart function and imaging tests to diagnose congenital heart disease. Severe problems in a fetal heart can be detected during pregnancy by ultrasound. Most newborns are screened for congenital heart disease with a pulse oximeter, a sensor clipped to a finger or toe that measures oxygen in the blood. […] In adults, the following diagnostic heart services help to diagnose congenital heart disease: Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). Small plastic patches that contain electrodes are attached to the chest, arms, and legs. The electrodes detect the electrical activity of the heart while the test is being done, and the results are recorded as line tracings on paper or a computer screen. Chest X-ray. This image shows the size and shape of the heart and lungs. Echocardiogram. A type of ultrasound scan that creates a movie showing blood flowing through the heart and its valves. Treadmill stress test. Your hearts response to exercise is monitored by ECG while you walk on a treadmill. Cardiac catheterization and angiogram. A thin, flexible tube (catheter) is threaded through blood vessels that reach the heart. The test checks blood flow and blood pressure in the hearts chambers and finds out how well the heart valves work. Catheterization is done with an angiogram, a type of X-ray that takes pictures of blood flow and ensures correct placement of the catheter. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This test uses a magnetic field and radio waves to take pictures of the heart and chest. Computed tomography (CT). This scan creates three-dimensional X-ray images of the heart and lungs. Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE). A tube with a small ultrasound camera on the end is placed in the esophagus (windpipe). The test creates an ultrasound movie of the heart, providing a clearer picture than an echocardiogram. The procedure requires sedation.

• #28 Congenital Heart Disease Diagnostic Services for Adults – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/conditions-services/heart-vascular/congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis

  Advances in diagnosis and treatment have allowed babies with congenital heart disease to survive well into adulthood, with some CHD conditions remaining undetected beyond adolescents. […] We perform a series of tests in order to properly evaluate your heart to give you a definitive result. […] Echocardiograms are tests that use sound waves to study the anatomy and function of the heart and its valves. […] ICE studies are echocardiograms that are performed inside the heart through the use of thin tubes (catheters). […] Electrocardiograms are noninvasive tests that study the electrical function of the heart. […] Angiograms are commonly used to assess blood flow in and around the heart and through blood vessels. […] Nuclear tests involve the use of a small amount of safe dye that is injected into a vein.

• #29 Diagnosing Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis

  An electrocardiogram, or EKG, measures the hearts electrical activity. […] An echocardiogram is an ultrasound test that uses high-frequency sound waves to produce detailed images of the heart. […] In a transesophageal echocardiogram, a technician or your doctor inserts an ultrasound probe through the mouth and into the esophagus. […] An MRI scan produces computerized, two- and three-dimensional images of the heart using a magnetic field and radio waves. […] A CT scan produces three-dimensional, cross-sectional images of the body using X-rays. […] A stress test provides information about the functioning of your heart and arteries. […] If exercise triggers rapid and irregular heart rhythms or causes unusual fatigue or shortness of breath, your doctor may perform a stress test to help assess your ability to tolerate exercise.

• #30 Congenital Heart Disease: Diagnosis & Treatment | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/heart/congenital-heart-disease/treatment

  How is Congenital Heart Disease Diagnosed? Diagnosis Physicians use a variety of heart function and imaging tests to diagnose congenital heart disease. Severe problems in a fetal heart can be detected during pregnancy by ultrasound. Most newborns are screened for congenital heart disease with a pulse oximeter, a sensor clipped to a finger or toe that measures oxygen in the blood. […] In adults, the following diagnostic heart services help to diagnose congenital heart disease: Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). Small plastic patches that contain electrodes are attached to the chest, arms, and legs. The electrodes detect the electrical activity of the heart while the test is being done, and the results are recorded as line tracings on paper or a computer screen. Chest X-ray. This image shows the size and shape of the heart and lungs. Echocardiogram. A type of ultrasound scan that creates a movie showing blood flowing through the heart and its valves. Treadmill stress test. Your hearts response to exercise is monitored by ECG while you walk on a treadmill. Cardiac catheterization and angiogram. A thin, flexible tube (catheter) is threaded through blood vessels that reach the heart. The test checks blood flow and blood pressure in the hearts chambers and finds out how well the heart valves work. Catheterization is done with an angiogram, a type of X-ray that takes pictures of blood flow and ensures correct placement of the catheter. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This test uses a magnetic field and radio waves to take pictures of the heart and chest. Computed tomography (CT). This scan creates three-dimensional X-ray images of the heart and lungs. Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE). A tube with a small ultrasound camera on the end is placed in the esophagus (windpipe). The test creates an ultrasound movie of the heart, providing a clearer picture than an echocardiogram. The procedure requires sedation.

• #31 Congenital heart disease in adults – Augusta HealthSearchClose SearchSearch IconSearch IconClose Search IconMobile Menu IconMobile Menu Close IconInstagramFacebookTwitterYoutube

  https://www.augustahealth.com/disease/congenital-heart-disease-in-adults/

  Echocardiogram. Sound waves (ultrasound) create images of the moving heart. An echocardiogram can show blood flow through the heart and heart valves. Echocardiograms may also be done while you exercise, typically on a bike or treadmill. […] Transesophageal echocardiogram. If more-detailed images of the heart are needed, a transesophageal echocardiogram may be done. In this test, a flexible tube containing the transducer is guided down the throat and into the tube connecting the mouth to the stomach (esophagus). […] Exercise tests or stress tests. These tests often involve walking on a treadmill or riding a stationary bike while the heart is monitored by ECG. Exercise tests help reveal how the heart responds to physical activity. […] Heart CT scan and heart MRI. These tests create images of the heart and chest. A heart (cardiac) CT scans use X-rays. Cardiac MRI uses a magnetic field and radio waves. For both tests, you lie on a table that typically slides inside a long tubelike machine.

• #32 Congenital Heart Disease | Conditions & Treatments | UTSW

  https://utswmed.org/conditions-treatments/congenital-heart-disease/

  Our experienced cardiologists and cardiovascular surgeons expertly diagnose and treat the complete spectrum of congenital heart conditions and help patients who have had heart conditions since birth live long, healthy lives. […] A thorough diagnostic workup occasionally reveals a congenital heart defect that was never diagnosed and did not cause problems until adulthood. […] No two people with congenital heart disease are the same. Thats why UT Southwesterns Adult Congenital Heart Disease team uses the most advanced diagnostic technologies to evaluate not only the anatomy of each patients heart, but also how the heart is functioning. […] These technologies might include: Echocardiography (echo or cardiac ultrasound): A noninvasive imaging technique that uses sound waves to reveal the structure of the heart and evaluate its pumping capacity, Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG): A test that records the hearts electrical activity, Exercise stress test: To measure the hearts function during physical exertion, Cardiac MRI: Uses powerful magnets not radiation to create detailed images of the heart and surrounding blood vessels, Cardiac CT scan: To visualize the heart valves and arteries, Cardiac catheterization: A minimally invasive procedure that can help assess damage and open blockages, without the need for surgery. […] Significant improvements in surgical techniques have allowed for more complex malformations to be treated, transforming the lives of many people with congenital heart disease.

• #33 Diagnosing Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis

  An electrocardiogram, or EKG, measures the hearts electrical activity. […] An echocardiogram is an ultrasound test that uses high-frequency sound waves to produce detailed images of the heart. […] In a transesophageal echocardiogram, a technician or your doctor inserts an ultrasound probe through the mouth and into the esophagus. […] An MRI scan produces computerized, two- and three-dimensional images of the heart using a magnetic field and radio waves. […] A CT scan produces three-dimensional, cross-sectional images of the body using X-rays. […] A stress test provides information about the functioning of your heart and arteries. […] If exercise triggers rapid and irregular heart rhythms or causes unusual fatigue or shortness of breath, your doctor may perform a stress test to help assess your ability to tolerate exercise.

• #34 Congenital Heart Defects – Diagnosis | NHLBI, NIH

  https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/congenital-heart-defects/diagnosis

  Some congenital heart defects are diagnosed during pregnancy or soon after birth. Others may not be diagnosed until adulthood. A doctor will do a physical exam to looks for symptoms of a congenital heart defect. Based on what they find, they may order tests to confirm their diagnosis. […] You or your baby may need one or more of the following tests to determine whether symptoms are caused by a congenital heart defect: […] Echocardiography or echo is a painless test that uses sound waves to create moving pictures of the heart. It can help diagnose a heart defect or be used to follow progress over time. Echocardiography used during pregnancy (fetal echocardiography) can sometimes be used to help find a congenital heart defect before a baby is born. […] Electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG) to evaluate the rhythm of the heartbeat.

• #35 From ECG to Imaging: Challenges in the Diagnosis of Adult Congenital Heart Diseases

  https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/13/16/4865

  From ECG to Imaging: Challenges in the Diagnosis of Adult Congenital Heart Diseases […] Congenital heart diseases (CHD) are one of the most common birth defects and the main leading cause of death in children. Many patients with CHD are reaching adulthood due to the success of improved contemporary surgical procedures. […] Understanding the etiology of CHD remains important for patient clinical management. […] Imaging techniques, especially transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography (TOE) represent the key for diagnosis and management of ASD. […] Early diagnosis and adequate treatment are mandatory to avoid possible complications of CHD, and thus, ECG, as well as imaging techniques, are important diagnostic tools. […] The diagnosis of CHD can be challenging, requiring physical examination and multiple paraclinical investigations. […] Clinical examination, ECG, and imaging remain essential diagnostic tools for patients with CHD, but another important issue is represented by the early identification of patients at risk of poor clinical outcomes. […]

• #36 Congenital heart disease in adults – Augusta HealthSearchClose SearchSearch IconSearch IconClose Search IconMobile Menu IconMobile Menu Close IconInstagramFacebookTwitterYoutube

  https://www.augustahealth.com/disease/congenital-heart-disease-in-adults/

  To diagnose congenital heart disease in adults, your health care provider will do a physical exam and listen to your heart with a stethoscope. You will be asked questions about your symptoms and medical and family history. […] Tests can be done to check the heart’s health and look for other conditions that may cause similar signs and symptoms. […] Tests to diagnose or confirm congenital heart disease in adults and children include: […] Electrocardiogram (ECG). This painless test records the electrical signals in the heart. An ECG can tell how fast or slow the heart is beating. An ECG can help identify irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias). […] Chest X-ray. A chest X-ray can show changes in the size and shape of the heart and the lungs. […] Pulse oximetry. A small sensor attached to the finger can estimate how much oxygen is in the blood.

• #37 Congenital Heart Disease | Conditions & Treatments | UTSW

  https://utswmed.org/conditions-treatments/congenital-heart-disease/

  Our experienced cardiologists and cardiovascular surgeons expertly diagnose and treat the complete spectrum of congenital heart conditions and help patients who have had heart conditions since birth live long, healthy lives. […] A thorough diagnostic workup occasionally reveals a congenital heart defect that was never diagnosed and did not cause problems until adulthood. […] No two people with congenital heart disease are the same. Thats why UT Southwesterns Adult Congenital Heart Disease team uses the most advanced diagnostic technologies to evaluate not only the anatomy of each patients heart, but also how the heart is functioning. […] These technologies might include: Echocardiography (echo or cardiac ultrasound): A noninvasive imaging technique that uses sound waves to reveal the structure of the heart and evaluate its pumping capacity, Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG): A test that records the hearts electrical activity, Exercise stress test: To measure the hearts function during physical exertion, Cardiac MRI: Uses powerful magnets not radiation to create detailed images of the heart and surrounding blood vessels, Cardiac CT scan: To visualize the heart valves and arteries, Cardiac catheterization: A minimally invasive procedure that can help assess damage and open blockages, without the need for surgery. […] Significant improvements in surgical techniques have allowed for more complex malformations to be treated, transforming the lives of many people with congenital heart disease.

• #38 Diagnosing Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis

  An electrocardiogram, or EKG, measures the hearts electrical activity. […] An echocardiogram is an ultrasound test that uses high-frequency sound waves to produce detailed images of the heart. […] In a transesophageal echocardiogram, a technician or your doctor inserts an ultrasound probe through the mouth and into the esophagus. […] An MRI scan produces computerized, two- and three-dimensional images of the heart using a magnetic field and radio waves. […] A CT scan produces three-dimensional, cross-sectional images of the body using X-rays. […] A stress test provides information about the functioning of your heart and arteries. […] If exercise triggers rapid and irregular heart rhythms or causes unusual fatigue or shortness of breath, your doctor may perform a stress test to help assess your ability to tolerate exercise.

• #39 Congenital heart disease in adults – Augusta HealthSearchClose SearchSearch IconSearch IconClose Search IconMobile Menu IconMobile Menu Close IconInstagramFacebookTwitterYoutube

  https://www.augustahealth.com/disease/congenital-heart-disease-in-adults/

  Echocardiogram. Sound waves (ultrasound) create images of the moving heart. An echocardiogram can show blood flow through the heart and heart valves. Echocardiograms may also be done while you exercise, typically on a bike or treadmill. […] Transesophageal echocardiogram. If more-detailed images of the heart are needed, a transesophageal echocardiogram may be done. In this test, a flexible tube containing the transducer is guided down the throat and into the tube connecting the mouth to the stomach (esophagus). […] Exercise tests or stress tests. These tests often involve walking on a treadmill or riding a stationary bike while the heart is monitored by ECG. Exercise tests help reveal how the heart responds to physical activity. […] Heart CT scan and heart MRI. These tests create images of the heart and chest. A heart (cardiac) CT scans use X-rays. Cardiac MRI uses a magnetic field and radio waves. For both tests, you lie on a table that typically slides inside a long tubelike machine.

• #40 Adult Congenital Heart Disease > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease

  If you are an adult with congenital heart diseasea problem with the hearts structure or function that is present at birthyour chances for an active, healthy life are better than ever. […] But while childhood surgeries and other treatments are making a significant difference, they dont cure adult congenital heart disease. Even when adult survivors have been treated and feel healthy, new issues can surface, so its important to continue care throughout life. […] Lifelong specialized monitoring and care is critical to the health of anyone with congenital heart disease. While every situation is different, a congenital heart specialist can tell you how often you should schedule routine checkups in adulthood. […] Congenital heart specialists can diagnose any new or unresolved issues. In addition to performing a physical examination and discussing your medical history, your doctor may want to use a variety of tests and imaging tools to learn more about your condition. These routinely include chest X-rays, an echocardiogram (ultrasound), or an electrocardiogram, which can identify heart rhythm issues. […] Once a diagnosis is made, adult congenital heart specialists are highly skilled at treating problems. Their recommendations may range from watchful waiting to medication, to procedures or surgeries to fix the complication or problems.

• #41 Congenital Heart Disease | Conditions & Treatments | UTSW

  https://utswmed.org/conditions-treatments/congenital-heart-disease/

  Our experienced cardiologists and cardiovascular surgeons expertly diagnose and treat the complete spectrum of congenital heart conditions and help patients who have had heart conditions since birth live long, healthy lives. […] A thorough diagnostic workup occasionally reveals a congenital heart defect that was never diagnosed and did not cause problems until adulthood. […] No two people with congenital heart disease are the same. Thats why UT Southwesterns Adult Congenital Heart Disease team uses the most advanced diagnostic technologies to evaluate not only the anatomy of each patients heart, but also how the heart is functioning. […] These technologies might include: Echocardiography (echo or cardiac ultrasound): A noninvasive imaging technique that uses sound waves to reveal the structure of the heart and evaluate its pumping capacity, Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG): A test that records the hearts electrical activity, Exercise stress test: To measure the hearts function during physical exertion, Cardiac MRI: Uses powerful magnets not radiation to create detailed images of the heart and surrounding blood vessels, Cardiac CT scan: To visualize the heart valves and arteries, Cardiac catheterization: A minimally invasive procedure that can help assess damage and open blockages, without the need for surgery. […] Significant improvements in surgical techniques have allowed for more complex malformations to be treated, transforming the lives of many people with congenital heart disease.

• #42 Diagnosing Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis

  Advanced cardiac ambulatory telemetry is a series of EKG tests that record the heart rhythm for a period of time, from 24 hours up to 4 weeks, if needed. […] An electrophysiological test helps your doctor determine the origin of an arrhythmia, assess the effectiveness of medication for heart rhythm disorders, or choose new treatments. […] Cardiac catheterization allows your heart specialist to diagnose problems with the heart caused by congenital defects, such as leaky or narrowed heart valves, holes in the walls between chambers, or a narrowing of blood vessels. […] This catheter-based procedure can also be used to manage congenital heart defects.

• #43 Symptoms and Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Defects | American Heart Association

  https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/congenital-heart-defects/symptoms–diagnosis-of-congenital-heart-defects

  A congenital heart defect (CHD) is often diagnosed in infancy, or even before birth. But some defects are harder to detect than others and may not be diagnosed until much later in childhood or even adulthood. […] If you or your child has a congenital heart defect, it’s important to follow up regularly with a cardiologist. Your cardiologist can perform a range of tests to evaluate your heart problem. […] At your appointment, your cardiologist will take your medical history and perform a physical exam. He or she may also order an electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG), chest X-ray or an echocardiogram. Blood tests are particularly important for patients with cyanosis and single ventricle hearts treated with Fontan operations. […] Sometimes the initial tests don’t provide enough information for a complete diagnosis, and more tests may be necessary. These include cardiac catheterization and angiography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and CT scanning, Holter recording and stress testing.

• #44 Congenital Heart Disease Diagnostic Services for Adults – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/conditions-services/heart-vascular/congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis

  Electrophysiology tests are used to evaluate the heart for heart rhythm problems, called arrhythmias. […] Our Cardiovascular Genetics Clinic provides comprehensive diagnostic, treatment and genetic counseling services for families that may have or be at risk for inherited cardiovascular disease. […] At UChicago Medicine Heart and Vascular Imaging Center, our patients have access to the latest cardiac CT and MRI technology and the advanced expertise of our cardiologists and radiologists who interpret the those results.

• #45 Congenital Heart Defects – Diagnosis | NHLBI, NIH

  https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/congenital-heart-defects/diagnosis

  Cardiac catheterization to measure the pressure and oxygen level inside the heart chambers and blood vessels. This can help the doctor figure out whether blood is flowing from the left side of the heart into the right side of the heart, instead of going to the rest of the body. […] Chest X-ray to show whether the heart is enlarged. It can also show whether the lungs have extra blood flow or extra fluid, which can be a sign of heart failure. […] Genetic testing to determine if particular genes or genetic conditions are causing the congenital heart defect. Your doctor may refer you or your child to a doctor who specializes in genetic testing. […] Cardiac MRI to diagnose a heart defect or follow progress over time. […] Pulse oximetry to estimate how much oxygen is in the blood.

• #46 Common Tests for Congenital Heart Defects | American Heart Association

  https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/congenital-heart-defects/symptoms–diagnosis-of-congenital-heart-defects/common-tests-for-congenital-heart-defects

  An echocardiogram is an ultrasound movie of the inside of the heart. It can detect nearly every congenital heart defect or any problem of the heart muscle function. […] Your cardiologist may recommend a TEE when the standard echocardiogram isn’t clear enough to make the suspected diagnosis or if you are having heart surgery so the surgeon and anesthesia team have more information to guide treatment after surgery. This occurs most frequently in adolescent and adult patients. […] An electrophysiology study is a specialized cardiac catheterization that looks at the heart’s electrical or rhythm function instead of its blood flow. The heart’s rhythm function is what controls the start of each heartbeat and controls the heart rate.

• #47 Diagnosing Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis

  Advanced cardiac ambulatory telemetry is a series of EKG tests that record the heart rhythm for a period of time, from 24 hours up to 4 weeks, if needed. […] An electrophysiological test helps your doctor determine the origin of an arrhythmia, assess the effectiveness of medication for heart rhythm disorders, or choose new treatments. […] Cardiac catheterization allows your heart specialist to diagnose problems with the heart caused by congenital defects, such as leaky or narrowed heart valves, holes in the walls between chambers, or a narrowing of blood vessels. […] This catheter-based procedure can also be used to manage congenital heart defects.

• #48 Congenital heart disease in adults – Augusta HealthSearchClose SearchSearch IconSearch IconClose Search IconMobile Menu IconMobile Menu Close IconInstagramFacebookTwitterYoutube

  https://www.augustahealth.com/disease/congenital-heart-disease-in-adults/

  Cardiac catheterization. This test can be done to check blood flow and blood pressures in the heart. A doctor gently inserts a catheter into a blood vessel, usually in the groin, and up to the heart. X-rays are used to guide the catheter to the correct position. Sometimes, dye is injected through the catheter. The dye helps blood vessels show up better on the images.

• #49 Adult Congenital Heart Disease | Mass General Brigham

  https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/patient-care/services-and-specialties/heart/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease

  Adult congenital heart disease, or ACHD for short, is a broad term applied to problems with the heart structure present since birth. ACHD impacts the way blood flows through the heart. Congenital heart disease can be diagnosed in both children and adults. Diagnosis can be made before or after birth or even into adulthood. […] Request an appointment with the heart specialists at Mass General Brigham and learn more about diagnosis and management of adult congenital heart disease. […] How is adult congenital heart disease diagnosed? […] A variety of tools can help determine the presence of a congenital heart defect. Some of the tests are the same for children and adults. Tests can include stress tests while walking on a treadmill or riding a bike. […] Imaging tests can include a positron emission tomography (PET) scan, chest X-ray, electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG), or an echocardiogram (an ultrasound of the heart). In other cases, a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or heart computed tomography (CT) scan may be needed for more detailed images of the heart. […] Cardiac catheterization is another possible test involving injecting dye into a catheter inserted into a blood vessel. Several heart functions can be examined once the catheter is in place.

• #50 Adult Congenital Heart Disease at Weill Cornell Medical College | Cardiology | Weill Cornell Medicine

  https://cardiology.weillcornell.org/clinical-services/cornell-center-adult-congenital-heart-disease

  We treat all conditions and disease related to Adult Congenital Heart Disease, including: Anomalous pulmonary venous connections, Anomalous coronary artery disease, Aortic valve disease, Atrial septal defect (ASD), Coarctation of the aorta, Complex congenital heart disease, Coronary anomalies, Dextrocardia, Ebsteins anomaly, Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), Patent foramen ovale (PFO), Pulmonary hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (Eisenmenger syndrome), Pulmonary regurgitation, Pulmonary stenosis, Single ventricle, Tetralogy of Fallot, Transposition of the great arteries (TGA), Tricuspid atresia, Truncus arteriosus, Ventricular septal defect (VSD). […] Our cardiac interventional team offers expertise in performing minimally invasive and hybrid interventions in congenital heart disease including: Percutaneous closure of: Atrial septal defects, Patent ductus arteriosus, Patent foramen ovale, Vascular and coronary fistulas, Ventricular septal defects.

• #51 Adult Congenital Heart Disease at Weill Cornell Medical College | Cardiology | Weill Cornell Medicine

  https://cardiology.weillcornell.org/clinical-services/cornell-center-adult-congenital-heart-disease

  Angioplasty and stenting: Aortic coarctation, Pulmonary arterial stenosis, Pulmonary vein stenosis. […] Valvular therapies: Transcatheter valve replacement repair, Balloon valvuloplasty. […] Complex congenital heart disease procedures: Baffle Stenting (e.g. SVC baffle stenosis), Fontan interventions. […] To make an appointment to see one of our physicians with expertise in adult congenital heart disease, please call (646) 962-ACHD (2243).

• #52 Diagnosing Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis

  Advanced cardiac ambulatory telemetry is a series of EKG tests that record the heart rhythm for a period of time, from 24 hours up to 4 weeks, if needed. […] An electrophysiological test helps your doctor determine the origin of an arrhythmia, assess the effectiveness of medication for heart rhythm disorders, or choose new treatments. […] Cardiac catheterization allows your heart specialist to diagnose problems with the heart caused by congenital defects, such as leaky or narrowed heart valves, holes in the walls between chambers, or a narrowing of blood vessels. […] This catheter-based procedure can also be used to manage congenital heart defects.

• #53 Common Tests for Congenital Heart Defects | American Heart Association

  https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/congenital-heart-defects/symptoms–diagnosis-of-congenital-heart-defects/common-tests-for-congenital-heart-defects

  An echocardiogram is an ultrasound movie of the inside of the heart. It can detect nearly every congenital heart defect or any problem of the heart muscle function. […] Your cardiologist may recommend a TEE when the standard echocardiogram isn’t clear enough to make the suspected diagnosis or if you are having heart surgery so the surgeon and anesthesia team have more information to guide treatment after surgery. This occurs most frequently in adolescent and adult patients. […] An electrophysiology study is a specialized cardiac catheterization that looks at the heart’s electrical or rhythm function instead of its blood flow. The heart’s rhythm function is what controls the start of each heartbeat and controls the heart rate.

• #54 Congenital Heart Disease Diagnostic Services for Adults – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/conditions-services/heart-vascular/congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis

  Electrophysiology tests are used to evaluate the heart for heart rhythm problems, called arrhythmias. […] Our Cardiovascular Genetics Clinic provides comprehensive diagnostic, treatment and genetic counseling services for families that may have or be at risk for inherited cardiovascular disease. […] At UChicago Medicine Heart and Vascular Imaging Center, our patients have access to the latest cardiac CT and MRI technology and the advanced expertise of our cardiologists and radiologists who interpret the those results.

• #55 Congenital Heart Defects – Diagnosis | NHLBI, NIH

  https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/congenital-heart-defects/diagnosis

  Cardiac catheterization to measure the pressure and oxygen level inside the heart chambers and blood vessels. This can help the doctor figure out whether blood is flowing from the left side of the heart into the right side of the heart, instead of going to the rest of the body. […] Chest X-ray to show whether the heart is enlarged. It can also show whether the lungs have extra blood flow or extra fluid, which can be a sign of heart failure. […] Genetic testing to determine if particular genes or genetic conditions are causing the congenital heart defect. Your doctor may refer you or your child to a doctor who specializes in genetic testing. […] Cardiac MRI to diagnose a heart defect or follow progress over time. […] Pulse oximetry to estimate how much oxygen is in the blood.

• #56 Congenital Heart Defects | Cooper University Health Care

  https://www.cooperhealth.org/services/congenital-heart-defects

  Chest X-ray to show whether the heart is enlarged. It can also show whether the lungs have extra blood flow or extra fluid, a sign of heart failure. […] Genetic testing to determine if particular genes or genetic syndromes such as Down syndrome are causing the congenital heart defect. Your doctor may refer you or your child to a specialist in genetic testing. […] Cardiac MRI to diagnose a heart defect or follow your or your child’s progress over time. […] Pulse oximetry to estimate how much oxygen is in the blood. A small sensor is attached to an infant’s hand or foot or an older person’s finger or toe.

• #57 Congenital Heart Disease Diagnostic Services for Adults – UChicago Medicine

  https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/conditions-services/heart-vascular/congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis

  Electrophysiology tests are used to evaluate the heart for heart rhythm problems, called arrhythmias. […] Our Cardiovascular Genetics Clinic provides comprehensive diagnostic, treatment and genetic counseling services for families that may have or be at risk for inherited cardiovascular disease. […] At UChicago Medicine Heart and Vascular Imaging Center, our patients have access to the latest cardiac CT and MRI technology and the advanced expertise of our cardiologists and radiologists who interpret the those results.

• #58 Congenital Heart Defects – Diagnosis | NHLBI, NIH

  https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/congenital-heart-defects/diagnosis

  Cardiac catheterization to measure the pressure and oxygen level inside the heart chambers and blood vessels. This can help the doctor figure out whether blood is flowing from the left side of the heart into the right side of the heart, instead of going to the rest of the body. […] Chest X-ray to show whether the heart is enlarged. It can also show whether the lungs have extra blood flow or extra fluid, which can be a sign of heart failure. […] Genetic testing to determine if particular genes or genetic conditions are causing the congenital heart defect. Your doctor may refer you or your child to a doctor who specializes in genetic testing. […] Cardiac MRI to diagnose a heart defect or follow progress over time. […] Pulse oximetry to estimate how much oxygen is in the blood.

• #59 Congenital Heart Disease: Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21674-congenital-heart-disease

  Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a problem with how your heart forms before birth. […] Healthcare providers can detect heart defects early (before or shortly after birth). But sometimes, people dont get a CHD diagnosis until childhood, adolescence or adulthood. […] Sometimes a healthcare provider finds a congenital condition before a baby is born. If your provider finds anything unusual during a routine prenatal ultrasound, you and the fetus may need further testing. […] Providers detect other heart issues soon after a baby is born. For example, they can diagnose cyanotic CHD with pulse oximetry. The simple, painless test uses sensors on your babys fingers or toes to find out if oxygen levels are too low. Sometimes, people dont get a congenital heart defect diagnosis until later in life.

• #60 Congenital heart disease in adults – Augusta HealthSearchClose SearchSearch IconSearch IconClose Search IconMobile Menu IconMobile Menu Close IconInstagramFacebookTwitterYoutube

  https://www.augustahealth.com/disease/congenital-heart-disease-in-adults/

  To diagnose congenital heart disease in adults, your health care provider will do a physical exam and listen to your heart with a stethoscope. You will be asked questions about your symptoms and medical and family history. […] Tests can be done to check the heart’s health and look for other conditions that may cause similar signs and symptoms. […] Tests to diagnose or confirm congenital heart disease in adults and children include: […] Electrocardiogram (ECG). This painless test records the electrical signals in the heart. An ECG can tell how fast or slow the heart is beating. An ECG can help identify irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias). […] Chest X-ray. A chest X-ray can show changes in the size and shape of the heart and the lungs. […] Pulse oximetry. A small sensor attached to the finger can estimate how much oxygen is in the blood.

• #61

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis/

  In many cases, congenital heart disease is diagnosed in a baby during pregnancy. However, a diagnosis may sometimes only be confirmed after the birth. […] It’s sometimes possible to diagnose a baby with congenital heart disease shortly after birth if some of the characteristic signs or symptoms of congenital heart disease, such as a blue tinge to the skin or lips (cyanosis), are present. […] Further tests may be used to diagnose congenital heart disease. […] An echocardiogram is often used to check the inside of the heart. Heart problems that were missed during foetal echocardiography can sometimes be detected as a child develops. […] An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a test that measures the heart’s electrical activity. […] A chest X-ray of the heart and lungs can be used to check whether there’s an excess amount of blood in the lungs, or whether the heart is larger than normal. Both may be signs of heart disease. […] Pulse oximetry is a test that measures the amount of oxygen present in the blood. […] Cardiac catheterisation is a useful way of obtaining more information about exactly how the blood is being pumped through the heart.

• #62 Congenital heart disease in adults – Augusta HealthSearchClose SearchSearch IconSearch IconClose Search IconMobile Menu IconMobile Menu Close IconInstagramFacebookTwitterYoutube

  https://www.augustahealth.com/disease/congenital-heart-disease-in-adults/

  To diagnose congenital heart disease in adults, your health care provider will do a physical exam and listen to your heart with a stethoscope. You will be asked questions about your symptoms and medical and family history. […] Tests can be done to check the heart’s health and look for other conditions that may cause similar signs and symptoms. […] Tests to diagnose or confirm congenital heart disease in adults and children include: […] Electrocardiogram (ECG). This painless test records the electrical signals in the heart. An ECG can tell how fast or slow the heart is beating. An ECG can help identify irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias). […] Chest X-ray. A chest X-ray can show changes in the size and shape of the heart and the lungs. […] Pulse oximetry. A small sensor attached to the finger can estimate how much oxygen is in the blood.

• #63 Types of Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/types

  Most people with congenital heart disease are diagnosed and treated in infancy, though some congenital defects are not detected until adulthood. […] NYU Langone doctors manage many types of congenital heart diseases in adults. […] There are several types of congenital heart defects that are more likely than others to be diagnosed or managed during adulthood. […] Atrial septal defects may be detected during a physical examination, when your doctor hears a heart murmur. […] Symptoms of atrial septal defect include exercise intolerance meaning you tire easily while exercising and arrhythmias, which are irregular heart rhythms that may feel like heart palpitations or fast heartbeats. […] Rarely, untreated atrial septal defects can lead to pulmonary hypertension, which is elevated blood pressures in the lungs, and Eisenmenger syndrome.

• #64 Types of Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/types

  In many people born with a ventricular septal defect, the hole closes on its own during childhood. […] If the hole is large, people may experience symptoms, including shortness of breath and rapid heart rates. […] Over time, this heart defect can cause the left side of the heart to enlarge. […] Pulmonary stenosis is a narrowing of the pulmonary valve, or an area near the pulmonary valve, that prevents blood from flowing to the lungs. […] Most people have repairs for this condition in childhood. […] Symptoms can include dizziness, irregular or fast heartbeats, fainting, or exercise intolerance. […] Patent ductus arteriosus may be detected when a doctor hears an irregular sound called a heart murmur during a physical examination. […] Left open, a large patent ductus arteriosus may lead to heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, or Eisenmenger syndrome.

• #65 Types of Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/types

  Coarctation of the aorta is a narrowing of a portion of the longest artery in the body. […] In adults, it is commonly associated with hypertension, or high blood pressure, and decreased blood flow to the lower extremities, causing leg cramps. […] In people with Ebsteins anomaly, the tricuspid valve is abnormally developed, preventing this heart valve from closing properly and causing blood to leak backward from the right ventricle into the right atrium. […] This condition is often associated with an atrial septal defect and heart rhythm disorders. […] Adults with the Fontan circulation can develop heart rhythm disorders, blood clots, heart failure, or liver disease.

• #66 Types of Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/types

  Most people with congenital heart disease are diagnosed and treated in infancy, though some congenital defects are not detected until adulthood. […] NYU Langone doctors manage many types of congenital heart diseases in adults. […] There are several types of congenital heart defects that are more likely than others to be diagnosed or managed during adulthood. […] Atrial septal defects may be detected during a physical examination, when your doctor hears a heart murmur. […] Symptoms of atrial septal defect include exercise intolerance meaning you tire easily while exercising and arrhythmias, which are irregular heart rhythms that may feel like heart palpitations or fast heartbeats. […] Rarely, untreated atrial septal defects can lead to pulmonary hypertension, which is elevated blood pressures in the lungs, and Eisenmenger syndrome.

• #67 Types of Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/types

  In many people born with a ventricular septal defect, the hole closes on its own during childhood. […] If the hole is large, people may experience symptoms, including shortness of breath and rapid heart rates. […] Over time, this heart defect can cause the left side of the heart to enlarge. […] Pulmonary stenosis is a narrowing of the pulmonary valve, or an area near the pulmonary valve, that prevents blood from flowing to the lungs. […] Most people have repairs for this condition in childhood. […] Symptoms can include dizziness, irregular or fast heartbeats, fainting, or exercise intolerance. […] Patent ductus arteriosus may be detected when a doctor hears an irregular sound called a heart murmur during a physical examination. […] Left open, a large patent ductus arteriosus may lead to heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, or Eisenmenger syndrome.

• #68 Types of Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/types

  In many people born with a ventricular septal defect, the hole closes on its own during childhood. […] If the hole is large, people may experience symptoms, including shortness of breath and rapid heart rates. […] Over time, this heart defect can cause the left side of the heart to enlarge. […] Pulmonary stenosis is a narrowing of the pulmonary valve, or an area near the pulmonary valve, that prevents blood from flowing to the lungs. […] Most people have repairs for this condition in childhood. […] Symptoms can include dizziness, irregular or fast heartbeats, fainting, or exercise intolerance. […] Patent ductus arteriosus may be detected when a doctor hears an irregular sound called a heart murmur during a physical examination. […] Left open, a large patent ductus arteriosus may lead to heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, or Eisenmenger syndrome.

• #69 Types of Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/types

  In many people born with a ventricular septal defect, the hole closes on its own during childhood. […] If the hole is large, people may experience symptoms, including shortness of breath and rapid heart rates. […] Over time, this heart defect can cause the left side of the heart to enlarge. […] Pulmonary stenosis is a narrowing of the pulmonary valve, or an area near the pulmonary valve, that prevents blood from flowing to the lungs. […] Most people have repairs for this condition in childhood. […] Symptoms can include dizziness, irregular or fast heartbeats, fainting, or exercise intolerance. […] Patent ductus arteriosus may be detected when a doctor hears an irregular sound called a heart murmur during a physical examination. […] Left open, a large patent ductus arteriosus may lead to heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, or Eisenmenger syndrome.

• #70 Types of Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/types

  Coarctation of the aorta is a narrowing of a portion of the longest artery in the body. […] In adults, it is commonly associated with hypertension, or high blood pressure, and decreased blood flow to the lower extremities, causing leg cramps. […] In people with Ebsteins anomaly, the tricuspid valve is abnormally developed, preventing this heart valve from closing properly and causing blood to leak backward from the right ventricle into the right atrium. […] This condition is often associated with an atrial septal defect and heart rhythm disorders. […] Adults with the Fontan circulation can develop heart rhythm disorders, blood clots, heart failure, or liver disease.

• #71 Types of Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/types

  Coarctation of the aorta is a narrowing of a portion of the longest artery in the body. […] In adults, it is commonly associated with hypertension, or high blood pressure, and decreased blood flow to the lower extremities, causing leg cramps. […] In people with Ebsteins anomaly, the tricuspid valve is abnormally developed, preventing this heart valve from closing properly and causing blood to leak backward from the right ventricle into the right atrium. […] This condition is often associated with an atrial septal defect and heart rhythm disorders. […] Adults with the Fontan circulation can develop heart rhythm disorders, blood clots, heart failure, or liver disease.

• #72 Congenital heart disease in adults – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355461

  To diagnose congenital heart disease in adults, your healthcare professional examines you and listens to your heart with a stethoscope. You are usually asked questions about your symptoms and medical and family history. […] Tests to diagnose or confirm congenital heart disease in adults include: […] An echocardiogram uses sound waves to create pictures of the beating heart. It shows how blood flows through the heart and heart valves. […] A heart MRI, also called a cardiac MRI, may be done to diagnose and look at congenital heart disease. The test creates 3D pictures of the heart, which allows for accurate measurement of the heart chambers. […] Adults with congenital heart disease are at risk of developing complications even if surgery was done to repair a defect during childhood. Lifelong follow-up care is important. Ideally, a doctor trained in treating adults with congenital heart disease should manage your care. This type of doctor is called a congenital cardiologist.

• #73 Diagnosing Adult Congenital Heart Disease | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis

  There are an estimated 1 million adults living with congenital heart disease in the United States. […] Sometimes, however, heart defects do not cause symptoms in infancy or childhood and are not detected until adolescence or early adulthood. […] Long-term complications for adults with congenital heart disease can include problems with the aortic valve, mitral valve, pulmonary valve, or tricuspid valve; heart rhythm disorders; heart failure; stroke; aneurysm; and pulmonary hypertension, a serious form of high pressure in the lungs. […] Symptoms in adults vary, depending on the type of congenital heart defect. They may include heart palpitations, bluish skin, dizziness, fainting, shortness of breath, and exercise intolerance, in which you tire easily while exercising. […] He or she typically uses various tests to determine how to best manage the condition. These tests can also be used to diagnose congenital heart disease in adults who were not diagnosed as children.

• #74 Adult Congenital Heart Disease Care | UC San Diego Health

  https://health.ucsd.edu/care/heart-vascular/adult-congenital-heart-disease/

  If you were born with a heart problem, you likely have congenital heart disease and will need lifelong care. […] The adult congenital heart disease program at UC San Diego Health is the only program of its kind south of Los Angeles. […] We are also the first and only program in San Diego to be accredited as a comprehensive care center by the Adult Congenital Heart Association (ACHA). This distinction makes us uniquely qualified to treat people over age 16 who were born with a heart defect. […] An estimated 1.6 million adults in the U.S. live with congenital heart disease. […] Most congenital heart defects are detected shortly after birth, although some are not discovered for years. […] A congenital heart defect can also increase the risk of developing complications, such as heart failure, endocarditis, atrial arrhythmia and heart valve problems.

• #75 Congenital heart disease in adults – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355461

  Follow-up care may include blood and imaging tests to check for complications. How often you need health checkups depends on whether your congenital heart disease is mild or complex. […] Treatment of congenital heart disease in adults depends on the specific type of heart condition and how severe it is. If the heart condition is mild, regular health checkups may be the only treatment needed. […] Some adults with congenital heart disease may need a medical device or heart surgery. […] If catheter treatment can’t fix congenital heart disease, open-heart surgery may be needed. The type of heart surgery depends on the specific heart condition.

• #76 Congenital heart disease in adults | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/congenital-heart-disease-in-adults?content_id=CON-20248753

  Treatment of congenital heart disease in adults depends on the specific type of heart condition and how severe it is. If the heart condition is mild, regular health checkups may be the only treatment needed. […] Adults with congenital heart disease are at risk of developing complications even if surgery was done to repair a defect during childhood. Lifelong follow-up care is important. Ideally, a doctor trained in treating adults with congenital heart disease should manage your care.

• #77 Congenital heart disease in adults – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/adult-congenital-heart-disease/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355461

  Follow-up care may include blood and imaging tests to check for complications. How often you need health checkups depends on whether your congenital heart disease is mild or complex. […] Treatment of congenital heart disease in adults depends on the specific type of heart condition and how severe it is. If the heart condition is mild, regular health checkups may be the only treatment needed. […] Some adults with congenital heart disease may need a medical device or heart surgery. […] If catheter treatment can’t fix congenital heart disease, open-heart surgery may be needed. The type of heart surgery depends on the specific heart condition.

• #78 Congenital Heart Disease, Eau Claire – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/eau-claire/services-and-treatments/cardiology/diseases/congenital

  Several surgeries and procedures are available to treat adults with congenital heart disease: […] If you’re an adult with congenital heart disease, you’re at risk of developing complications — even if you had surgery to repair a defect during childhood. Lifelong follow-up care is important. […] Follow-up care may include regular checkups and occasional bloodwork and imaging exams to screen for complications. How often you’ll need to see your health care provider will depend on whether your congenital heart disease is mild or complex.

• #79 Adult Congenital Heart Disease – Los Angeles, CA | UCLA Health

  https://www.uclahealth.org/medical-services/heart/achd

  UCLA Health provides comprehensive, team-based care for adults living with congenital heart defects. We lead one of the largest adult congenital heart disease centers in the country. […] An increasing number of people born with heart problems (congenital heart diseases) grow into adulthood. Yet they still require lifelong, specialized care. […] Our program was among the first to earn accreditation as a Comprehensive Care Center by the Adult Congenital Heart Association. This designation highlights our commitment to providing holistic and leading-edge care. […] Our center is also designated by the Marfan Foundation as a coordinated clinic for treatment of Marfan syndrome. […] Our physicians treat patients from all over the state, country and world. We are specially trained in adult congenital heart disease (ACHD), with diverse expertise in areas such as echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, electrophysiology, pulmonary hypertension, cardiac imaging and complex CHD.

• #80 Adult Congenital Heart Disease – Los Angeles, CA | UCLA Health

  https://www.uclahealth.org/medical-services/heart/achd

  Our physicians research and study new treatments for ACHD. They prioritize studies that can quickly translate into care improvements, so you always receive leading-edge treatment. […] The Ahmanson/UCLA Adult Congenital Heart Disease Center specializes in treating adults with congenital heart defects. Whether you need medication management or advanced surgical options, our team of experts can provide an effective treatment plan. […] We also provide comprehensive, targeted treatment for disorders associated with congenital heart disease, including: […] Adults with CHD have a higher risk of irregular heart rhythms, heart infections and heart muscle weakness. […] Our team treats all conditions and complications related to ACHD, including: […] Our team provides full-spectrum care to help adults manage congenital heart disease. Depending on your diagnosis and the severity of your symptoms, your treatment may include: […] UCLA Health physicians continually research the newest treatment options and may offer investigational therapies to eligible patients.

• #81 Adult Congenital Heart Disease – Cardiovascular Division

  https://cardiology.wustl.edu/patient-care/adult-congenital-heart-disease/

  Physicians from the Adult Congenital Heart Disease Program treat congenital cardiac conditions in patients who have been repaired as children or adolescents, patients with unrepaired defects and newly diagnosed or suspicion of defects that do not present themselves until adulthood. […] The ACHD program is supported by an extensive network of collaborative services, including cardiothoracic surgery programs in both adult and pediatric cardiac disease, electrophysiology and arrhythmia diagnosis/management, interventional cardiology, cardiothoracic radiology, including MRI, CT, and PET/CT, high risk obstetrics/maternal cardiology, pulmonary hypertension, as well as cardiac and multi-organ transplantation and other advanced therapies.

• #82 Adult Congenital Heart Disease – Los Angeles, CA | UCLA Health

  https://www.uclahealth.org/medical-services/heart/achd

  UCLA Health provides comprehensive, team-based care for adults living with congenital heart defects. We lead one of the largest adult congenital heart disease centers in the country. […] An increasing number of people born with heart problems (congenital heart diseases) grow into adulthood. Yet they still require lifelong, specialized care. […] Our program was among the first to earn accreditation as a Comprehensive Care Center by the Adult Congenital Heart Association. This designation highlights our commitment to providing holistic and leading-edge care. […] Our center is also designated by the Marfan Foundation as a coordinated clinic for treatment of Marfan syndrome. […] Our physicians treat patients from all over the state, country and world. We are specially trained in adult congenital heart disease (ACHD), with diverse expertise in areas such as echocardiography, cardiac catheterization, electrophysiology, pulmonary hypertension, cardiac imaging and complex CHD.

• #83 Adult Congenital Heart Disease Care | UC San Diego Health

  https://health.ucsd.edu/care/heart-vascular/adult-congenital-heart-disease/

  However, all these patients should get follow-up care from experts in treating congenital heart disease. […] The Adult Congenital Heart Association (ACHA) has recognized UC San Diego Health as a comprehensive care center for our excellent quality of care. […] Adults who were born with a heart defect […] Patients currently followed by a general or pediatric cardiologist who wish to obtain a second opinion or to transition their care to a comprehensive adult congenital heart disease center. […] We may use a wide variety of diagnostic tests to confirm congenital heart defects, including echocardiogram, cardiac MRI, cardiac CT, electrocardiogram and transesophageal echocardiogram. […] Your treatment options depend on the type and severity of the defect.

• #84 Evaluation of Congenital Heart Disease in Adults – Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition)

  https://www.revespcardiol.org/en-evaluation-congenital-heart-disease-in-articulo-13049035

  Evaluation of imaging techniques for congenital heart diseases in adults can achieve the precision seen in children, but these techniques cannot replace a detailed clinical assessment. The clinical history should accurately record all previous interventions, symptoms and the functional state of the patient. The physical examination, ECG and chest x-ray are still the three basic pillars that support clinical diagnosis. Imaging techniques are complementary and should be guided by the clinical assessment. Transthoracic echocardiography with pulsed, continuous-wave and color Doppler imaging is the main imaging technique and this technique alone will often suffice. Transthoracic echocardiography can usually determine the atrial situs, the basic chamber sequence, defects in the atrial or ventricular septum, the patency of ductus arteriosus, the morphology and function of the AV valves and the outflow tract of the two ventricles, the ventricular structure and the quantitative function of the left or right ventricle and systolic blood pressure in the pulmonary artery, and to assess shunts and valvular regurgitations.

• #85 Evaluation of Congenital Heart Disease in Adults – Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition)

  https://www.revespcardiol.org/en-evaluation-congenital-heart-disease-in-articulo-13049035

  Transesophageal echocardiography, MRI, nuclear cardiology and cardiac catheterization are second level diagnostic techniques that are only indicated when TTE does not provide a complete anatomical or functional assessment. The information offered by these techniques may often be redundant, thus we should choose their sequence carefully to avoid unnecessary examinations. On other occasions, the information is complementary and therefore, we would have to resort to different diagnostic techniques to complete the evaluation.

• #86 Congenital Heart Disease in Adults: Types, Symptoms, and TreatmentHealthline

  https://www.healthline.com/health/congenital-heart-disease-in-adults

  Managing adult congenital heart disease involves regular monitoring and testing by a cardiologist. If your condition is more serious, you might need medications and multiple procedures. […] The 2018 American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association Guideline for the Management of Adults With Congenital Heart Disease suggests that the best outcomes occur when a multidisciplinary team of specialists cares for you. […] The outlook for any individual with congenital heart disease depends on the type and severity of the condition and when and how they received treatment for it. […] If you receive proper treatment for congenital heart disease, you can live a healthy, active life. You might need ongoing surgeries and treatment, but newer procedures are helping people live longer and maintain a high quality of life.

• #87 Congenital Heart Disease in Adults: Types, Symptoms, and TreatmentHealthline

  https://www.healthline.com/health/congenital-heart-disease-in-adults

  Living with adult congenital heart disease can present a range of health challenges and affect your quality of life. […] But by being proactive about your health and sticking to a lifestyle that promotes healthy heart function, you may be able to avoid some complications that would otherwise affect your health and life expectancy.

• #88 Congenital Heart Disease in Adults: An Extensive Review of Its Types, Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Management – DoveMed

  https://www.dovemed.com/health-topics/focused-health-topics/congenital-heart-disease-adults-extensive-review-its-types-manifestations-diagnosis-and-management

  Congenital heart disease in adults requires specialized care and management, considering the complexity and variety of conditions. […] Understanding the types, manifestations, diagnostic processes, and management strategies of CHD in adults is essential for their health and well-being. […] Diagnostic Evaluation: Detailed medical history and physical examination. Echocardiogram to visualize heart structure and function. Electrocardiogram (ECG) to assess heart rhythm. Cardiac MRI or CT scans for detailed structural and functional analysis. Cardiac catheterization in certain cases for diagnostic and interventional purposes. […] Early diagnosis, regular monitoring, and appropriate treatment are vital for improving quality of life and reducing the risk of complications.

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