Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Intussusception Nursing Care Management Study Guide

  https://nurseslabs.com/intussusception/

  Intussusception is a medical emergency that requires prompt recognition and intervention by nursing professionals. This condition occurs when one segment of the intestine slides into an adjacent section, causing a blockage and compromising blood flow to the affected area. […] Nursing management of a child with intussusception includes: […] Assessment of a child with intussusception includes: […] Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses are: […] The major nursing care planning goals for a child with intussusception are: […] Nursing interventions appropriate for the infant are: […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] Documentation in a child with intussusception includes:

• #2 Intussusception: Practice Essentials, Background, Etiology and Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/930708-overview

  Intussusception is a process in which a segment of intestine invaginates into the adjoining intestinal lumen, causing bowel obstruction. With early diagnosis, appropriate fluid resuscitation, and therapy, the mortality rate from intussusception in children is less than 1%. If left untreated, however, this condition is uniformly fatal in 2-5 days. […] Educate parents and caregivers of a patient treated with nonoperative reduction with regard to the risks and signs and symptoms of recurrence so that the initiation of care is not delayed. […] The prognosis in patients with intussusception is excellent if the condition is diagnosed and treated early; otherwise, severe complications and death may occur. The recurrence rate of intussusception after nonoperative reduction is usually less than 10% but has been reported to be as high as 15%. Most intussusceptions recur within 72 hours of the initial event; however, recurrences have been reported as long as 36 months later. More than 1 recurrence suggests the presence of a lead point. A recurrence is usually heralded by the onset of the same symptoms as appeared during the initial event. Provide similar treatment for a recurrence unless the suggestion of a lead point is very strong (in which case, surgical exploration should be contemplated).

• #3 Intussusception – Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice

  https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/679

  Intussusception most commonly occurs in infants aged between 3 and 12 months, with a peak between aged 5 and 9 months. […] Presentation often includes colicky abdominal pain, flexing of the legs, fever, lethargy, and vomiting, with blood in the stool in some cases. […] Treatment involves reduction by contrast enema. Air is likely to be more effective and safer than liquid; in cases where this is unsuccessful or where peritonitis exists, surgery is required. Open reduction is then performed in uncomplicated cases, and intestinal resection for cases complicated by bowel necrosis and perforation. […] Intussusception results in venous obstruction and bowel-wall oedema that can progress to bowel necrosis, perforation, and, rarely, death. […] This topic covers idiopathic intussusception in infants. Intussusception in older children and adults is rare and is almost always caused by a pathological lead point.

• #4 Intussusception | Lurie Children’s

  https://www.luriechildrens.org/en/specialties-conditions/intussusception/

  Intussusception is a life-threatening illness and if left untreated, can cause serious damage to the intestines as their blood supply becomes cut off. Intestinal infection can occur, and the intestinal tissue can also die. Untreated intussusception can also cause internal bleeding and a severe abdominal infection called peritonitis. […] Specific treatment for intussusception will be recommended by your child’s physician based on the following: The extent of the problem, The health of the child, The opinion of the physicians involved in the child’s care. […] Surgery will be necessary for intussusception that does not resolve with an enema or for those who are too ill to have this diagnostic procedure. Under anesthesia, the surgeon will make an incision in the abdomen, locate the intussusception and push the „telescoped” sections back into place. The intestine will be examined for damage, and if any sections are not working correctly, they will be removed and the two sections of healthy intestine will be sewn back together. […] If not treated, intussusception is a life-threatening disorder. If treated within 24 hours, most babies recover completely. The long-term outlook depends on the extent, if any, of intestinal damage.

• #5 Intussusception: Practice Essentials, Background, Etiology and Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/930708-overview

  Intussusception is a process in which a segment of intestine invaginates into the adjoining intestinal lumen, causing bowel obstruction. With early diagnosis, appropriate fluid resuscitation, and therapy, the mortality rate from intussusception in children is less than 1%. If left untreated, however, this condition is uniformly fatal in 2-5 days. […] Educate parents and caregivers of a patient treated with nonoperative reduction with regard to the risks and signs and symptoms of recurrence so that the initiation of care is not delayed. […] The prognosis in patients with intussusception is excellent if the condition is diagnosed and treated early; otherwise, severe complications and death may occur. The recurrence rate of intussusception after nonoperative reduction is usually less than 10% but has been reported to be as high as 15%. Most intussusceptions recur within 72 hours of the initial event; however, recurrences have been reported as long as 36 months later. More than 1 recurrence suggests the presence of a lead point. A recurrence is usually heralded by the onset of the same symptoms as appeared during the initial event. Provide similar treatment for a recurrence unless the suggestion of a lead point is very strong (in which case, surgical exploration should be contemplated).

• #6 Intussusception – Pediatrics – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/gastrointestinal-disorders-in-neonates-and-infants/intussusception

  Intussusception is telescoping of one portion of the intestine (intussusceptum) into an adjacent segment (intussuscipiens), causing intestinal obstruction and sometimes intestinal ischemia. Diagnosis is by ultrasonography. Treatment is with an air enema (for the most common type of intussusception, the ileocolic type) and sometimes surgery. […] The initial symptoms of intussusception are sudden onset of significant, colicky abdominal pain that recurs every 15 to 20 minutes, often with vomiting. The child appears relatively well between episodes. […] Diagnosis is best made by ultrasonography. […] Treatment is reduction by air enema and sometimes surgery.

• #7 Intussusception – Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment | BMJ Best Practice

  https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-gb/679

  Key diagnostic factors include presence of risk factors, male sex, age 2 to 12 months, colicky abdominal pain, vomiting, lethargy/irritability in between waves of pain, blood per rectum/red currant jelly stool, and hypovolaemic shock. […] Diagnostic investigations include ultrasound, abdominal plain-film x-ray, and diagnostic enema. […] Treatment algorithm for clinically stable patients includes contrast enema reduction.

• #8 Intussusception Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/intussusception-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Nursing management of a child with intussusception includes: […] Assessment of a child with intussusception includes: […] The hallmark physical findings in intussusception are a right hypochondrium sausage-shaped mass and emptiness in the right lower quadrant (Dance sign). […] Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses are: […] Acute pain related to bowel invagination. […] Deficient fluid volume related to vomiting, nausea, fever, and diaphoresis. […] Ineffective breathing pattern related to abdominal distention and rigidity. […] Anxiety related to change in health status. […] Nursing interventions appropriate for the infant are: […] Administer IV fluids as ordered; if the patient is in shock, give blood or plasma as ordered. […] A nasogastric tube is inserted to decompress the bowel.

• #9 Intussusception Nursing Diagnosis & Care Plan – NurseStudy.Net

  https://nursestudy.net/intussusception-nursing-diagnosis/

  Intussusception is a serious condition where one part of the intestine slides into an adjacent part, similar to how a telescope collapses. This medical emergency most commonly affects infants and young children, requiring prompt nursing assessment and intervention to prevent severe complications such as bowel obstruction, necrosis, and perforation. […] Intussusception presents with distinct signs and symptoms that nurses must recognize for prompt intervention. […] Regular monitoring of temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate helps identify deterioration or improvement in the patients condition. […] Use age-appropriate pain scales and observe behavioral indicators of pain, particularly in infants who cannot verbalize their discomfort. […] Keep the patient nothing by mouth in preparation for possible procedures or surgery.

• #10 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Intussusception | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-for-intussusception

  Watch More! Unlock the full videos with a FREE trial […] Understanding Intussusception: Comprehend the pathophysiology and etiology of intussusception, including the telescoping of one part of the intestine into another and the common causes in pediatric patients. […] Recognizing Clinical Signs and Symptoms: Identify the clinical manifestations of intussusception, such as severe abdominal pain, vomiting, and the presence of a palpable abdominal mass. Understand the importance of prompt recognition for timely intervention. […] Nursing Interventions and Care: Acquire knowledge about nursing interventions and care strategies for children with intussusception, including preparation for diagnostic procedures, administration of prescribed medications, and post-procedural monitoring. […] Nursing Assessment for Intussusception: Obtain a detailed history, including the onset and duration of symptoms, presence of abdominal pain, vomiting, and characteristics of bowel movements.

• #11 Intussusception – Signs, Symptoms, Causes & Management

  https://thenurselens.com/diseases-conditions/surg/intussusception

  Nursing Care of Intussusception: […] – Auscultate patient bowel sounds to identify changes in motility and potential bowel obstruction […] […] – Examine stools for the presence of blood or currant jelly-like consistency, which can be indicative of intestinal ischemia […] […] – Perform a thorough abdominal examination to assess for signs of tenderness, distension, and palpable masses. […] […] – Monitor vital signs […] […] – Assess patient for signs of shock such as tachycardia and hypotension […] […] – Monitor patient intake and output and manage fluid balance […] […] – Administer intravenous fluids as prescribed to prevent dehydration. […] […] – Assess the intensity and location of abdominal pain appropriate pain rating scale […] […] – Administer prescribed pain medications as ordered […] […] – Maintain NPO as ordered […] […] – Assist and prepare patient for surgery if required […] […] – Educate patient and caregivers on intussusception and about the surgery and the importance of follow-up care. […] […] – Assess the patient’s and family’s understanding of the condition.

• #12 Intussusception Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/intussusception-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Nursing management of a child with intussusception includes: […] Assessment of a child with intussusception includes: […] The hallmark physical findings in intussusception are a right hypochondrium sausage-shaped mass and emptiness in the right lower quadrant (Dance sign). […] Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses are: […] Acute pain related to bowel invagination. […] Deficient fluid volume related to vomiting, nausea, fever, and diaphoresis. […] Ineffective breathing pattern related to abdominal distention and rigidity. […] Anxiety related to change in health status. […] Nursing interventions appropriate for the infant are: […] Administer IV fluids as ordered; if the patient is in shock, give blood or plasma as ordered. […] A nasogastric tube is inserted to decompress the bowel.

• #13 3 Intussusception Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/intussusception-nursing-care-plans/

  Use this nursing care plan and management guide to help care for patients with intussusception. Enhance your understanding of nursing assessment, interventions, goals, and nursing diagnosis, all specifically tailored to address the unique needs of individuals facing intussusception. This guide equips you with the necessary information to provide effective and specialized care to patients dealing with intussusception. […] Nursing care planning goals of a child with intussusception revolve toward providing appropriate information about the child’s condition, restoring fluid volume and preventing dehydration, and observing resolution or improvement (relief of abdominal pain, return of normal bowel sounds). […] The following are the nursing priorities for patients with intussusception: Manage pain and discomfort associated with intussusception. Monitor for signs of bowel obstruction or ischemia. Administer appropriate fluids and provide hydration support. Prepare for possible reduction of intussusception through nonsurgical means. Plan for surgical intervention if reduction attempts are unsuccessful or in cases of bowel perforation.

• #14 Intussusception Nursing Diagnosis & Care Plan – NurseStudy.Net

  https://nursestudy.net/intussusception-nursing-diagnosis/

  Monitor for signs of perforation. […] Educate parents about the condition. […] The patient will display normal vital signs. […] The patient will maintain adequate hydration. […] The patient will show resolution of abdominal pain. […] The patient will demonstrate no signs of bowel perforation. […] The patient will maintain proper nutrition status. […] The patient will show no signs of complications post-reduction. […] The patient will maintain adequate hydration. […] The patient will demonstrate improved skin turgor. […] The patient will produce adequate urine output. […] The patient will show stable vital signs. […] The patient will maintain bowel tissue integrity. […] The patient will show no signs of perforation. […] The patient will demonstrate normal bowel function.

• #15 3 Intussusception Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/intussusception-nursing-care-plans/

  Use this nursing care plan and management guide to help care for patients with intussusception. Enhance your understanding of nursing assessment, interventions, goals, and nursing diagnosis, all specifically tailored to address the unique needs of individuals facing intussusception. This guide equips you with the necessary information to provide effective and specialized care to patients dealing with intussusception. […] Nursing care planning goals of a child with intussusception revolve toward providing appropriate information about the child’s condition, restoring fluid volume and preventing dehydration, and observing resolution or improvement (relief of abdominal pain, return of normal bowel sounds). […] The following are the nursing priorities for patients with intussusception: Manage pain and discomfort associated with intussusception. Monitor for signs of bowel obstruction or ischemia. Administer appropriate fluids and provide hydration support. Prepare for possible reduction of intussusception through nonsurgical means. Plan for surgical intervention if reduction attempts are unsuccessful or in cases of bowel perforation.

• #16 Intussusception Nursing Care Plan | PDF | Dehydration | Pain

  https://www.scribd.com/document/535392088/INTUSSUSCEPTION-NURSING-CARE-PLAN

  A 18-month-old male presented with stomach pain and poor appetite for the past 6 hours. […] The nursing care plan involves administering IV fluids and pain medication, monitoring intake and output, educating family on intussusception and upcoming surgery, and assessing for signs of dehydration or electrolyte imbalance. […] The goals are to decrease the patient’s pain within 1 hour and prevent dehydration.

• #17 Intussusception Nursing Diagnosis & Care Plan – NurseStudy.Net

  https://nursestudy.net/intussusception-nursing-diagnosis/

  Monitor for signs of perforation. […] Educate parents about the condition. […] The patient will display normal vital signs. […] The patient will maintain adequate hydration. […] The patient will show resolution of abdominal pain. […] The patient will demonstrate no signs of bowel perforation. […] The patient will maintain proper nutrition status. […] The patient will show no signs of complications post-reduction. […] The patient will maintain adequate hydration. […] The patient will demonstrate improved skin turgor. […] The patient will produce adequate urine output. […] The patient will show stable vital signs. […] The patient will maintain bowel tissue integrity. […] The patient will show no signs of perforation. […] The patient will demonstrate normal bowel function.

• #18 Intussusception Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/intussusception-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Replace volume lost as ordered, and monitor the intake and output accordingly. […] Educate the family caregivers on what happens during intussusception and about the surgery, and answer questions to reduce the anxiety. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] The patient shows stable vital signs. […] The patient exhibits balanced intake and output. […] The patients pain decreases and is comfortable. […] The patients pattern of breathing is effective. […] The caregivers anxiety is resolved. […] Documentation in a child with intussusception include: […] Individual findings, including factors affecting, interactions, nature of social exchanges, specifics of individual behavior. […] Intake and output. […] Characteristics of vomitus. […] Plan of care. […] Teaching plan. […] Responses to interventions, teaching, and actions performed. […] Attainment or progress toward desired outcome.

• #19 Intussusception Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/intussusception-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Replace volume lost as ordered, and monitor the intake and output accordingly. […] Educate the family caregivers on what happens during intussusception and about the surgery, and answer questions to reduce the anxiety. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] The patient shows stable vital signs. […] The patient exhibits balanced intake and output. […] The patients pain decreases and is comfortable. […] The patients pattern of breathing is effective. […] The caregivers anxiety is resolved. […] Documentation in a child with intussusception include: […] Individual findings, including factors affecting, interactions, nature of social exchanges, specifics of individual behavior. […] Intake and output. […] Characteristics of vomitus. […] Plan of care. […] Teaching plan. […] Responses to interventions, teaching, and actions performed. […] Attainment or progress toward desired outcome.

• #20 Intussusception Nursing Diagnosis & Care Plan – NurseStudy.Net

  https://nursestudy.net/intussusception-nursing-diagnosis/

  Monitor for signs of perforation. […] Educate parents about the condition. […] The patient will display normal vital signs. […] The patient will maintain adequate hydration. […] The patient will show resolution of abdominal pain. […] The patient will demonstrate no signs of bowel perforation. […] The patient will maintain proper nutrition status. […] The patient will show no signs of complications post-reduction. […] The patient will maintain adequate hydration. […] The patient will demonstrate improved skin turgor. […] The patient will produce adequate urine output. […] The patient will show stable vital signs. […] The patient will maintain bowel tissue integrity. […] The patient will show no signs of perforation. […] The patient will demonstrate normal bowel function.

• #21 3 Intussusception Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/intussusception-nursing-care-plans/

  Following a thorough assessment, a nursing diagnosis is formulated to specifically address the challenges associated with intussusception based on the nurse’s clinical judgement and understanding of the patient’s unique health condition. […] Goals and expected outcomes may include: The child will be able to tolerate age-appropriate foods and fluids without vomiting or recurrence of symptoms and will be free from fluid and electrolyte imbalances. […] Therapeutic interventions and nursing actions for patients with intussusception may include: Assess for signs and symptoms of dehydration such as poor skin turgor, dry mucous membranes, irritability, and delayed capillary refill. […] Administer IV fluids as ordered. Post-operatively, intravenous fluids are continued to re-established electrolyte imbalance and to promote adequate fluid intake. […] Provide information on the therapeutic regimen and allow for an opportunity to inquire questions about procedures. […] Inform parents that surgical reduction may be needed if barium enema fails to reduce the invagination.

• #22 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Intussusception | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-for-intussusception

  Monitor vital signs, especially assessing for signs of shock such as tachycardia and hypotension, which may indicate complications like bowel ischemia. […] Immediate Medical Intervention: Collaborate with the healthcare team to ensure prompt medical intervention, which may involve attempts at non-surgical reduction using procedures like air enema or, if necessary, surgical intervention. […] Administer prescribed pain medications as ordered to alleviate abdominal pain and discomfort. Monitor the patients response and adjust interventions as needed. […] Monitor and manage fluid and electrolyte balance closely, especially in cases of vomiting and diarrhea. Administer intravenous fluids as prescribed to prevent dehydration. […] If surgical intervention is necessary, collaborate with the surgical team to provide postoperative care. Monitor for signs of complications, such as infection or bowel perforation, and implement appropriate nursing interventions.

• #23 Intussusception Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/intussusception-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Nursing management of a child with intussusception includes: […] Assessment of a child with intussusception includes: […] The hallmark physical findings in intussusception are a right hypochondrium sausage-shaped mass and emptiness in the right lower quadrant (Dance sign). […] Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses are: […] Acute pain related to bowel invagination. […] Deficient fluid volume related to vomiting, nausea, fever, and diaphoresis. […] Ineffective breathing pattern related to abdominal distention and rigidity. […] Anxiety related to change in health status. […] Nursing interventions appropriate for the infant are: […] Administer IV fluids as ordered; if the patient is in shock, give blood or plasma as ordered. […] A nasogastric tube is inserted to decompress the bowel.

• #24 Intussusception – Signs, Symptoms, Causes & Management

  https://thenurselens.com/diseases-conditions/surg/intussusception

  Nursing Care of Intussusception: […] – Auscultate patient bowel sounds to identify changes in motility and potential bowel obstruction […] […] – Examine stools for the presence of blood or currant jelly-like consistency, which can be indicative of intestinal ischemia […] […] – Perform a thorough abdominal examination to assess for signs of tenderness, distension, and palpable masses. […] […] – Monitor vital signs […] […] – Assess patient for signs of shock such as tachycardia and hypotension […] […] – Monitor patient intake and output and manage fluid balance […] […] – Administer intravenous fluids as prescribed to prevent dehydration. […] […] – Assess the intensity and location of abdominal pain appropriate pain rating scale […] […] – Administer prescribed pain medications as ordered […] […] – Maintain NPO as ordered […] […] – Assist and prepare patient for surgery if required […] […] – Educate patient and caregivers on intussusception and about the surgery and the importance of follow-up care. […] […] – Assess the patient’s and family’s understanding of the condition.

• #25 Nursing Interventions for IntussusceptionNursing File | Nursing File

  https://nursingfile.com/nursing-care-plan/nursing-interventions/nursing-interventions-for-intussusception.html

  Nursing Interventions: Intussusception […] Administer I.V. fluids as ordered. If the patient is in shock, give blood or plasma as ordered. […] A nasogastric tube is inserted to decompress the bowel. […] Replace volume lost as ordered. […] Prepare the patient for hydrostatic reduction and answer question to allay fears. […] Monitor vital signs frequently. […] Check intake and output and watch for signs of dehydration and bleeding. […] Monitor amount and type of drainage from the nasogastric tube. […] Explain what happens in intussusception to the patient and his family. […] If surgery is required, provide preoperative teaching. […] To minimize the stress of hospitalization, encourage patient to participate in their child’s care as much as possible.

• #26 Intussusception Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/intussusception-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Nursing management of a child with intussusception includes: […] Assessment of a child with intussusception includes: […] The hallmark physical findings in intussusception are a right hypochondrium sausage-shaped mass and emptiness in the right lower quadrant (Dance sign). […] Based on the assessment data, the major nursing diagnoses are: […] Acute pain related to bowel invagination. […] Deficient fluid volume related to vomiting, nausea, fever, and diaphoresis. […] Ineffective breathing pattern related to abdominal distention and rigidity. […] Anxiety related to change in health status. […] Nursing interventions appropriate for the infant are: […] Administer IV fluids as ordered; if the patient is in shock, give blood or plasma as ordered. […] A nasogastric tube is inserted to decompress the bowel.

• #27 Pediatric Intussusception Surgery Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Nonoperative Therapy, Surgical Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/937730-treatment

  Expeditious diagnosis and management are essential for achieving successful outcomes in infants with intussusception. Once the diagnosis is entertained, surgical personnel should be notified, an intravenous (IV) line inserted, and IV hydration started. A nasogastric tube should be inserted and placed to suction. If there is marked distention or a dilated bowel loop, an abdominal radiograph should be obtained. Antibiotics should be administered if there is clinical suspicion of peritonitis or infection (sepsis) or if the white blood cell (WBC) count is markedly elevated. […] Knowledge of the basic technique and potential complications of enemas in intussusception is important for all clinicians involved in the management of these patients. […] A successful therapeutic reduction must demonstrate free flow of contrast (air or barium series) proximal to the ileocecal valve.

• #28 Pediatric Intussusception Surgery Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Nonoperative Therapy, Surgical Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/937730-treatment

  Patients requiring surgery must be aggressively resuscitated with fluids, and care must be taken to preserve body temperature preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively. […] IV fluid resuscitation is continued and calculated, with consideration given to maintenance requirements and third-space losses. Upon resolution of ileus, diet is advanced at the discretion of the surgeon. […] Intussusception results in bowel obstruction; thus, complications such as dehydration and aspiration from emesis can occur. Ischemia and bowel necrosis can cause bowel perforation and sepsis.

• #29 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Intussusception | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-for-intussusception

  Monitor vital signs, especially assessing for signs of shock such as tachycardia and hypotension, which may indicate complications like bowel ischemia. […] Immediate Medical Intervention: Collaborate with the healthcare team to ensure prompt medical intervention, which may involve attempts at non-surgical reduction using procedures like air enema or, if necessary, surgical intervention. […] Administer prescribed pain medications as ordered to alleviate abdominal pain and discomfort. Monitor the patients response and adjust interventions as needed. […] Monitor and manage fluid and electrolyte balance closely, especially in cases of vomiting and diarrhea. Administer intravenous fluids as prescribed to prevent dehydration. […] If surgical intervention is necessary, collaborate with the surgical team to provide postoperative care. Monitor for signs of complications, such as infection or bowel perforation, and implement appropriate nursing interventions.

• #30 Intussusception Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/intussusception-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Replace volume lost as ordered, and monitor the intake and output accordingly. […] Educate the family caregivers on what happens during intussusception and about the surgery, and answer questions to reduce the anxiety. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] The patient shows stable vital signs. […] The patient exhibits balanced intake and output. […] The patients pain decreases and is comfortable. […] The patients pattern of breathing is effective. […] The caregivers anxiety is resolved. […] Documentation in a child with intussusception include: […] Individual findings, including factors affecting, interactions, nature of social exchanges, specifics of individual behavior. […] Intake and output. […] Characteristics of vomitus. […] Plan of care. […] Teaching plan. […] Responses to interventions, teaching, and actions performed. […] Attainment or progress toward desired outcome.

• #31 Nursing Care Plan (NCP) for Intussusception | Free NURSING.com Courses

  https://nursing.com/lesson/nursing-care-plan-for-intussusception

  Evaluate the patients response to medical or surgical interventions by assessing the relief of symptoms, particularly abdominal pain, vomiting, and changes in bowel movements. […] Assess the patients and familys understanding of the condition, its treatment, and the importance of follow-up care. Provide additional education and support as needed, ensuring they are well-informed about signs of recurrence and when to seek medical attention.

• #32 3 Intussusception Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/intussusception-nursing-care-plans/

  Following a thorough assessment, a nursing diagnosis is formulated to specifically address the challenges associated with intussusception based on the nurse’s clinical judgement and understanding of the patient’s unique health condition. […] Goals and expected outcomes may include: The child will be able to tolerate age-appropriate foods and fluids without vomiting or recurrence of symptoms and will be free from fluid and electrolyte imbalances. […] Therapeutic interventions and nursing actions for patients with intussusception may include: Assess for signs and symptoms of dehydration such as poor skin turgor, dry mucous membranes, irritability, and delayed capillary refill. […] Administer IV fluids as ordered. Post-operatively, intravenous fluids are continued to re-established electrolyte imbalance and to promote adequate fluid intake. […] Provide information on the therapeutic regimen and allow for an opportunity to inquire questions about procedures. […] Inform parents that surgical reduction may be needed if barium enema fails to reduce the invagination.

• #33 Intussusception: Practice Essentials, Background, Etiology and Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/930708-overview

  Intussusception is a process in which a segment of intestine invaginates into the adjoining intestinal lumen, causing bowel obstruction. With early diagnosis, appropriate fluid resuscitation, and therapy, the mortality rate from intussusception in children is less than 1%. If left untreated, however, this condition is uniformly fatal in 2-5 days. […] Educate parents and caregivers of a patient treated with nonoperative reduction with regard to the risks and signs and symptoms of recurrence so that the initiation of care is not delayed. […] The prognosis in patients with intussusception is excellent if the condition is diagnosed and treated early; otherwise, severe complications and death may occur. The recurrence rate of intussusception after nonoperative reduction is usually less than 10% but has been reported to be as high as 15%. Most intussusceptions recur within 72 hours of the initial event; however, recurrences have been reported as long as 36 months later. More than 1 recurrence suggests the presence of a lead point. A recurrence is usually heralded by the onset of the same symptoms as appeared during the initial event. Provide similar treatment for a recurrence unless the suggestion of a lead point is very strong (in which case, surgical exploration should be contemplated).

• #34 Intussusception – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/intussusception/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351457

  Treatment of intussusception typically happens as a medical emergency. Emergency medical care is required to avoid severe dehydration and shock, as well as prevent infection that can occur when a portion of intestine dies due to lack of blood. […] Treatment options for intussusception may include: […] A water soluble contrast or air enema. This is both a diagnostic procedure and a treatment. If an enema works, further treatment is usually not necessary. This treatment can actually fix intussusception 90% of the time in children, and no further treatment is needed. If the intestine is torn (perforated), this procedure can’t be used. […] Intussusception recurs up to 20% of the time, and the treatment will have to be repeated. It is important that a surgeon be consulted even if treatment with enema is planned. This is because of the small risk of a tear or rupture of the bowel with this therapy.

• #35 Intussusception in children – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/intussusception-in-children

  Intussusception refers to the invagination (telescoping) of a part of the intestine into itself. It is the most common abdominal emergency in early childhood, particularly in children younger than two years of age. […] The clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of intussusception in infants and children are discussed below. […] The approach to treatment of intussusception depends upon patient characteristics: Most patients – Patients with a high clinical suspicion and/or imaging evidence of ileocolic intussusception, normal vital signs, and no evidence of bowel perforation should be treated with nonoperative reduction. […] Nonoperative reduction using hydrostatic or pneumatic pressure by enema is the treatment of choice for an infant or child with ileocolic intussusception who is clinically stable and has no evidence of bowel perforation or shock, when appropriate radiologic facilities are available.

• #36 Intussusception – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/intussusception/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351457

  Treatment of intussusception typically happens as a medical emergency. Emergency medical care is required to avoid severe dehydration and shock, as well as prevent infection that can occur when a portion of intestine dies due to lack of blood. […] Treatment options for intussusception may include: […] A water soluble contrast or air enema. This is both a diagnostic procedure and a treatment. If an enema works, further treatment is usually not necessary. This treatment can actually fix intussusception 90% of the time in children, and no further treatment is needed. If the intestine is torn (perforated), this procedure can’t be used. […] Intussusception recurs up to 20% of the time, and the treatment will have to be repeated. It is important that a surgeon be consulted even if treatment with enema is planned. This is because of the small risk of a tear or rupture of the bowel with this therapy.

• #37 Intussusception in children – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/intussusception-in-children

  Nonoperative reduction can be guided by fluoroscopy or ultrasound, and either pneumatic or hydrostatic enemas may be used. […] Approximately 10 percent of patients with intussusception experience recurrence, and 4 percent of patients have a recurrence within 48 hours after the initial episode. […] Surgical treatment is indicated as a primary intervention for patients with suspected intussusception who are acutely ill or have evidence of perforation.

• #38 Management of Intussusception in Children: A Systematic Review

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7920908/

  A physician capable of abdominal decompression of pneumoperitoneum and cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be present at the time of reduction. […] Based on available evidence, DRE appears to increase the overall success rate of radiologic reduction by almost 10%, with nearly half of all patients, who fail initial enema reduction avoiding surgery due to the delayed reduction attempt(s). […] Given that there is no evidence for a difference in the rate of complications between patients observed in the ED and patients admitted to the hospital following enema reduction of an ileocolic intussusception, patients may be discharged from the ED. […] The optimal length of observation after enema reduction of ileocolic intussusception appears to be 4 hours, based on the current data. […] No evidence is currently available to identify superiority of laparoscopic vs. open surgery regarding recurrence rate or complications after management of intussusception not reducible by enema. However, an initial laparoscopic approach should be considered given the associated shorter length of stay and equivalent complication rates. […] There are inadequate data to support prophylactic removal of the appendix during surgical management of intussusception.

• #39 Intussusception – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/intussusception/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351457

  Surgery. If the intestine is torn, if an enema is unsuccessful in correcting the problem or if a lead point is the cause, surgery is necessary. The surgeon will free the portion of the intestine that is trapped, clear the obstruction and, if necessary, remove any of the intestinal tissue that has died. Surgery is the main treatment for adults and for people who are acutely ill. […] Emergency medical care is required to treat intussusception. You may not have much time to prepare for an appointment. […] Don’t give your child any nonprescription medications to treat symptoms before the appointment. Don’t give your child anything to eat if you see any of the symptoms of intussusception. Seek immediate medical attention.

• #40 Intussusception in children – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/intussusception-in-children

  Nonoperative reduction can be guided by fluoroscopy or ultrasound, and either pneumatic or hydrostatic enemas may be used. […] Approximately 10 percent of patients with intussusception experience recurrence, and 4 percent of patients have a recurrence within 48 hours after the initial episode. […] Surgical treatment is indicated as a primary intervention for patients with suspected intussusception who are acutely ill or have evidence of perforation.

• #41 Intussusception – Other Pediatric Disorders – Pediatric Nursing – Picmonic for Nursing RN

  https://www.picmonic.com/pathways/nursing/courses/standard/pediatric-nursing-372/other-pediatric-disorders-513/intussusception_1932

  Intussusception is the most common cause of intestinal obstruction in children between the ages of 3 months and 3 years. […] Conservative treatment of this disorder involves air or hydrostatic enema, while surgical reduction may be done for complicated or refractory cases, as this is a potentially life threatening issue. […] A conservative management technique involves air or hydrostatic enema. An air enema is performed by instilling air into the colon via catheter until it becomes so full that the telescoped bowel is pushed back into a normal position. A hydrostatic enema can be performed by instilling a crystalloid solution into the bowel and has a similar effect. […] If other conservative treatments are unsuccessful, the child may require surgical intervention. Here, the invagination (telescoping) is manually reduced, and nonviable intestine is resected.

• #42 Child Intussusception – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK431078/

  Intussusception requires rapid treatment. Treatment in children is typically by an enema with surgery if not successful. In adults, removal of part of the bowel is more often required. Intussusception occurs more commonly in children than adults.[6] […] Intussusception is not usually immediately life-threatening. It is usually successfully treated with barium, water-soluble, or an air-contrast enema, which confirms the diagnosis and successfully reduces it. The success rate is more than 80%. However, up to 10% may reoccur within 24 hours.[22][23][24][25] […] Cases that cannot be reduced non-surgically require surgical reduction. In surgical reduction, the surgeon manually squeezes the part that has been telescoped. If the surgeon cannot successfully reduce it, the affected section is surgically removed. The intussusception may also be reduced by laparoscopy, pulling the segments of the intestine apart with forceps.[6]

• #43 Child Intussusception – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK431078/

  Intussusception requires rapid treatment. Treatment in children is typically by an enema with surgery if not successful. In adults, removal of part of the bowel is more often required. Intussusception occurs more commonly in children than adults.[6] […] Intussusception is not usually immediately life-threatening. It is usually successfully treated with barium, water-soluble, or an air-contrast enema, which confirms the diagnosis and successfully reduces it. The success rate is more than 80%. However, up to 10% may reoccur within 24 hours.[22][23][24][25] […] Cases that cannot be reduced non-surgically require surgical reduction. In surgical reduction, the surgeon manually squeezes the part that has been telescoped. If the surgeon cannot successfully reduce it, the affected section is surgically removed. The intussusception may also be reduced by laparoscopy, pulling the segments of the intestine apart with forceps.[6]

• #44 Intussusception – Risk factors – Management – TeachMePaediatrics

  https://teachmepaediatrics.com/surgery/abdominal/intussusception/

  Should a child have any contraindications to enema use or enema intervention is unsuccessful, surgery is required to manually reduce the intussusception. This is usually straightforward but if there are any areas of necrotic bowel wall then resection of these areas is required. It is also prudent to try and identify any lead point in the bowel wall.

• #45 Intussusception | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/intussusception

  Intussusception is not usually immediately life-threatening. It can be treated with either a water-soluble contrast enema or an air-contrast enema, which both confirms the diagnosis of an intussusception, and in most cases successfully reduces it. […] An enema is done by placing a small tube into the rectum. Fluid or air is gradually added into the tube to allow clinicians to see the intussusception that is blocking the intestine via X-ray or ultrasound. […] There is a chance the intussusception can recur within 24 hours. Children should be monitored for symptoms once discharged from the hospital. […] If your child received an enema, the air will pass out of the intestines. The gas may persist for a few hours after the test. It is normal during this time to have a fever and your child may be given Tylenol (acetaminophen) to bring down the fever.

• #46 Intussusception (Outpatient): Signs, Diagnosis and Treatment | Nationwide Children’s Hospital

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/intussusception-outpatient

  Intussusception (In-TUSS-uh-SEP-shun) is a blockage of the intestines. It happens when one part of the intestine folds into another part. […] Many intussusceptions are fixed with an air enema. If your child needs an air enema, he will be given a medicine (sedation) to help him sleep so he will be comfortable while the procedure is done. […] After your child wakes up in the ED he will be given clear liquids at first. If he keeps these down, other liquids, including formula or breast milk, may be given. […] Call your doctor if your child has: Fever over 101 F, Increasing pain, Swelling, redness, or drainage from the incision, Any signs of intussusception coming back.

• #47 Intussusception | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/intussusception

  Intussusception is not usually immediately life-threatening. It can be treated with either a water-soluble contrast enema or an air-contrast enema, which both confirms the diagnosis of an intussusception, and in most cases successfully reduces it. […] An enema is done by placing a small tube into the rectum. Fluid or air is gradually added into the tube to allow clinicians to see the intussusception that is blocking the intestine via X-ray or ultrasound. […] There is a chance the intussusception can recur within 24 hours. Children should be monitored for symptoms once discharged from the hospital. […] If your child received an enema, the air will pass out of the intestines. The gas may persist for a few hours after the test. It is normal during this time to have a fever and your child may be given Tylenol (acetaminophen) to bring down the fever.

• #48 Management of Intussusception in Children: A Systematic Review

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7920908/

  A physician capable of abdominal decompression of pneumoperitoneum and cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be present at the time of reduction. […] Based on available evidence, DRE appears to increase the overall success rate of radiologic reduction by almost 10%, with nearly half of all patients, who fail initial enema reduction avoiding surgery due to the delayed reduction attempt(s). […] Given that there is no evidence for a difference in the rate of complications between patients observed in the ED and patients admitted to the hospital following enema reduction of an ileocolic intussusception, patients may be discharged from the ED. […] The optimal length of observation after enema reduction of ileocolic intussusception appears to be 4 hours, based on the current data. […] No evidence is currently available to identify superiority of laparoscopic vs. open surgery regarding recurrence rate or complications after management of intussusception not reducible by enema. However, an initial laparoscopic approach should be considered given the associated shorter length of stay and equivalent complication rates. […] There are inadequate data to support prophylactic removal of the appendix during surgical management of intussusception.

• #49 Intussusception | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/intussusception

  Following the enema, your child will slowly be allowed to start drinking and eating. […] If your child had surgery to treat intussusception, they will recover in the post-acute care unit for an hour or so, and then will be moved to a hospital room. […] Your child may experience pain and will receive medication through an IV if needed. It is also normal to have a fever during this time, so Tylenol (acetaminophen) may also be used to reduce the fever. […] After surgery, your child may have small sips of clear liquids. If your child drinks fluids and does not vomit, we will allow them to slowly start eating again. […] We will work with you to schedule a follow-up appointment with your child’s surgeon 2-3 weeks after discharge. Your child may not participate in contact sports or gym until after the follow-up visit with the surgeon. […] Call the doctor if your child experiences any of the following symptoms: Fever greater than 101 degrees, Any sign of infection, including: redness, swelling, warmth, yellow/green drainage from incision or tenderness. This is particularly important for children who have had surgery.

• #50

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/journalarticle?Article_ID=6381484&Journal_ID=54016&Issue_ID=6381479

  Intussusception: Treatment and nursing considerations […] Nurses should be aware of key signs and symptoms because early recognition is key to avoiding complications. Once diagnosed, educate the family about the disorder and treatment. Posttreatment, children are at risk for recurrent intussusception or, rarely, bowel perforation. Instruct caregivers to contact the healthcare provider or specialist for any pain, fever, or other concerns.

• #51 Intussusception (Inpatient): Signs, Diagnosis and Treatment | Nationwide Children’s Hospital

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/intussusception-inpatient

  After your child wakes up in the PACU, he will be taken to a room on the surgical unit. Your child may have a tube in his nose that goes into his stomach. This tube helps air pass out of his stomach. While this tube is in place, your child will not be able to eat or drink anything. After the tube is taken out, he will be given clear liquids at first. If he keeps these down, other liquids, including formula or breast milk, may be given. […] Your child will receive medicine for pain through an IV (intravenous) line. Your child will stay at the hospital for 3 or 4 days before going home. […] Call your doctor if your child has: Fever over 101 F, Increasing pain, Swelling, redness, or drainage from the incision, Any signs of intussusception coming back.

• #52 Intussusception | Great Ormond Street Hospital

  https://www.gosh.nhs.uk/conditions-and-treatments/conditions-we-treat/intussusception/

  The child will not be able to feed initially to allow the bowel to recover. They will continue to have a drip of fluids and the nasogastric tube to drain off the stomach contents. As they begin to recover, usually in the first couple of days, the child will be able to feed again, starting with small amounts and increasing the amount as tolerated. […] The child will be able to go home once they are feeding well. This is usually a week or so after the operation. […] The child’s abdomen may feel sore for a while after the operation, but wearing loose clothes can help. They will need to have regular pain relief for at least three days, and we will provide the medications to take home. […] The stitches used during the operation will dissolve on their own so there is no need to have them removed. If possible, the operation site should be kept clean and dry for two to three days to let the operation site heal properly. When the child has a bath, the area should not be soaked until the operation site has settled down.

• #53 intussusception – Seattle Children’s

  https://www.seattlechildrens.org/conditions/intussusception/

  Intussusception is an emergency that needs to be treated right away. […] First, doctors will make sure your child is stable. They may: Give your child fluids through an intravenous (IV) line. Place a tube through their nose into the stomach (nasogastric tube or NG tube) to release air trapped in the bowel. […] Your child will need surgery if: Doctors are worried that the lining of your child’s belly is infected (peritonitis). The enema does not push the bowel back into place. Your child has a structural problem with their bowel. […] After surgery, we will give your child pain medicine to make them comfortable. It takes some time for their bowel to recover. […] Before your child goes home, the surgery team will: Teach you how to keep your child’s incision clean and dry until it heals. Explain what kinds of food or medicine to give your child. Tell you if you need to limit your child’s activity for a while.

• #54 Laparoscopic Intussusception What to Expect | WakeMed

  https://www.wakemed.org/care-and-services/childrens-services/services-and-specialties/surgery/intussusception/laparoscopic-intussusception-what-to-expect

  Your child will remain in the hospital overnight following the procedure. […] A dressing will cover the surgical site for two days, and it must be kept dry. Only allow your child a sponge bath during the first 48 hours. […] Your child will be prescribed antibiotics to take while he or she recovers. […] Walking is encouraged, based on your child’s energy level. […] Your child will feel better after the first week, but he or she must take precautions with certain activities. […] Most children will be fully recovered in one month and can resume some normal activities. Your child’s pediatric surgeon can advise as to what sports are allowed. […] Most children feel better within the first week, but it takes a month to fully recover. Your child’s pediatric surgeon will advise on what sort of activities to avoid and how to take precautions.

• #55 Intussusception: Before and after surgery

  https://www.aboutkidshealth.ca/intussusception

  After the surgery, your child will go to the Post-Anesthetic Care Unit (PACU) or recovery room to wake up. You may visit your child once they wake up. […] The incision(s) from the surgery will be covered by a dressing called Steri-Strips or surgical skin adhesive. You do not need to do anything to the Steri-Strips. […] Your child can return to normal activities once they feel able. Discuss with your surgical team when they can return to sports and swimming. […] After you have gone home you will need to watch for signs of infection and signs that intussusception has recurred (the intussusception has come back).

• #56 Discharge Instructions for Intussusception (Child) | Saint Luke’s Health System

  https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/discharge-instructions-intussusception-child

  Your child has intussusception. This is a health problem in which part of the intestine slides inside another part. […] A fluid or air enema is often used to both diagnose and treat the problem. […] Let your child get back to normal activity as soon as they feel up to it. […] This health problem can sometimes come back. Watch your child for signs. Look for belly (abdominal) pain that gets worse, or vomiting. Also look for crying spells without a cause and drawing the legs up toward the belly. […] Follow up with your child’s health care provider, or as told. […] Contact your child’s health care provider right away if your child has: […] Constant belly pain that doesn’t get better or seems to be getting worse. […] Extreme sluggishness, tiredness, or fatigue. […] Dark, mucus-like, bloody stools. […] Pale skin color.

• #57 Intussusception Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/intussusception-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Replace volume lost as ordered, and monitor the intake and output accordingly. […] Educate the family caregivers on what happens during intussusception and about the surgery, and answer questions to reduce the anxiety. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] The patient shows stable vital signs. […] The patient exhibits balanced intake and output. […] The patients pain decreases and is comfortable. […] The patients pattern of breathing is effective. […] The caregivers anxiety is resolved. […] Documentation in a child with intussusception include: […] Individual findings, including factors affecting, interactions, nature of social exchanges, specifics of individual behavior. […] Intake and output. […] Characteristics of vomitus. […] Plan of care. […] Teaching plan. […] Responses to interventions, teaching, and actions performed. […] Attainment or progress toward desired outcome.

• #58 Intussusception Nursing Care Plan & Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/maternal-and-child-nursing-notes/intussusception-nursing-care-plan-management/

  Replace volume lost as ordered, and monitor the intake and output accordingly. […] Educate the family caregivers on what happens during intussusception and about the surgery, and answer questions to reduce the anxiety. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: […] The patient shows stable vital signs. […] The patient exhibits balanced intake and output. […] The patients pain decreases and is comfortable. […] The patients pattern of breathing is effective. […] The caregivers anxiety is resolved. […] Documentation in a child with intussusception include: […] Individual findings, including factors affecting, interactions, nature of social exchanges, specifics of individual behavior. […] Intake and output. […] Characteristics of vomitus. […] Plan of care. […] Teaching plan. […] Responses to interventions, teaching, and actions performed. […] Attainment or progress toward desired outcome.

• #59 Intussusception: Practice Essentials, Background, Etiology and Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/930708-overview

  Complications associated with intussusception, which rarely occur when the diagnosis is prompt, include the following: Perforation during nonoperative reduction, Wound infection, Internal hernias and adhesions causing intestinal obstruction, Sepsis from undetected peritonitis (major complication from a missed diagnosis), Intestinal hemorrhage, Necrosis and bowel perforation, Recurrence.

• #60 Intussusception (Inpatient): Signs, Diagnosis and Treatment | Nationwide Children’s Hospital

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/intussusception-inpatient

  Intussusception (In-TUSS-uh-SEP-shun) is a blockage of the intestines. It happens when one part of the intestine folds into another part. Many intussusceptions are fixed with an air enema. A tube is put into the child’s rectum so the doctor can look at the intestines with a special X-ray. Many times the area that has folded over itself unfolds when the air moves through it. Usually if this happens, the child is placed in an observation unit and sent home later in the day. […] If the air enema does not unfold the intestine, your child will need to have surgery. During surgery, the doctor will make an incision into your child’s abdomen. The part of the intestine that is folded inward will be unfolded. The doctor will gently pull it into the normal position. Your child will then be taken to the PACU (Post Anesthesia Care Unit), also called the Recovery Room, to wake up.

• #61 Intussusception: Practice Essentials, Background, Etiology and Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/930708-overview

  Intussusception is a process in which a segment of intestine invaginates into the adjoining intestinal lumen, causing bowel obstruction. With early diagnosis, appropriate fluid resuscitation, and therapy, the mortality rate from intussusception in children is less than 1%. If left untreated, however, this condition is uniformly fatal in 2-5 days. […] Educate parents and caregivers of a patient treated with nonoperative reduction with regard to the risks and signs and symptoms of recurrence so that the initiation of care is not delayed. […] The prognosis in patients with intussusception is excellent if the condition is diagnosed and treated early; otherwise, severe complications and death may occur. The recurrence rate of intussusception after nonoperative reduction is usually less than 10% but has been reported to be as high as 15%. Most intussusceptions recur within 72 hours of the initial event; however, recurrences have been reported as long as 36 months later. More than 1 recurrence suggests the presence of a lead point. A recurrence is usually heralded by the onset of the same symptoms as appeared during the initial event. Provide similar treatment for a recurrence unless the suggestion of a lead point is very strong (in which case, surgical exploration should be contemplated).

• #62 Intussusception in children – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/intussusception-in-children

  Nonoperative reduction can be guided by fluoroscopy or ultrasound, and either pneumatic or hydrostatic enemas may be used. […] Approximately 10 percent of patients with intussusception experience recurrence, and 4 percent of patients have a recurrence within 48 hours after the initial episode. […] Surgical treatment is indicated as a primary intervention for patients with suspected intussusception who are acutely ill or have evidence of perforation.

• #63 Discharge Instructions for Intussusception (Child) | Saint Luke’s Health System

  https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/discharge-instructions-intussusception-child

  Your child has intussusception. This is a health problem in which part of the intestine slides inside another part. […] A fluid or air enema is often used to both diagnose and treat the problem. […] Let your child get back to normal activity as soon as they feel up to it. […] This health problem can sometimes come back. Watch your child for signs. Look for belly (abdominal) pain that gets worse, or vomiting. Also look for crying spells without a cause and drawing the legs up toward the belly. […] Follow up with your child’s health care provider, or as told. […] Contact your child’s health care provider right away if your child has: […] Constant belly pain that doesn’t get better or seems to be getting worse. […] Extreme sluggishness, tiredness, or fatigue. […] Dark, mucus-like, bloody stools. […] Pale skin color.

• #64 Intussusception (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/intussusception.html

  Intussusception is a medical emergency that needs care right away. It’s the most common abdominal emergency in children under 2 years old. […] If the doctor suspects intussusception, the child may be sent to an emergency room (ER). Usually, doctors there will ask a pediatric surgeon to see the child right away. […] After treatment, the child will stay in the hospital and get IV feedings until they can eat and have normal bowel function. Doctors will watch the child to make sure that the intussusception does not come back. Some babies also may get antibiotics to prevent infection. […] Intussusception is a medical emergency. Call your doctor or get emergency medical help right away if your child has any symptoms of intussusception, such as repeated crampy belly pain, vomiting, drowsiness, passing of currant jelly stool.

• #65 Child Intussusception – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK431078/

  Intussusception is a surgical emergency. The disorder is managed by an interprofessional team that consists of a radiologist, pediatrician, emergency department physician, and a pediatric surgeon. The majority of cases are reduced non-surgically and have a good outcome. Cases not reduced by air or barium need surgery. Usually no bowel resection is required. Complications are rare after surgery and recurrences are very rare.[29]

• #66 CE Activity | Child Intussusception | Nurses

  https://www.statpearls.com/nurse/ce/activity/102364/

  Intussusception is a condition in which part of the intestine folds into the section next to it. Intussusception usually involves the small bowel and rarely the large bowel. Symptoms include abdominal pain, which may wax and wane, vomiting, bloating, and bloody stool. It may result in small bowel obstruction. Other complications may consist of peritonitis or bowel perforation. This activity reviews the cause, pathophysiology, and presentation of intussusception and highlights the role of the interprofessional team in its management. […] This activity has been designed to meet the educational needs of physicians, physician associates, nurses, pharmacists, and nurse practitioners. […] Review the importance of improving care coordination among interprofessional team members to improve outcomes for patients affected by intussusception. […] StatPearls designates this activity for 1.50 ANCC contact hour(s). Nurses should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

• #67 CE Activity | Child Intussusception | Nurses

  https://www.statpearls.com/nurse/ce/activity/102364/

  Intussusception is a condition in which part of the intestine folds into the section next to it. Intussusception usually involves the small bowel and rarely the large bowel. Symptoms include abdominal pain, which may wax and wane, vomiting, bloating, and bloody stool. It may result in small bowel obstruction. Other complications may consist of peritonitis or bowel perforation. This activity reviews the cause, pathophysiology, and presentation of intussusception and highlights the role of the interprofessional team in its management. […] This activity has been designed to meet the educational needs of physicians, physician associates, nurses, pharmacists, and nurse practitioners. […] Review the importance of improving care coordination among interprofessional team members to improve outcomes for patients affected by intussusception. […] StatPearls designates this activity for 1.50 ANCC contact hour(s). Nurses should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

• #68 Intussusception | Lurie Children’s

  https://www.luriechildrens.org/en/specialties-conditions/intussusception/

  Intussusception is a life-threatening illness and if left untreated, can cause serious damage to the intestines as their blood supply becomes cut off. Intestinal infection can occur, and the intestinal tissue can also die. Untreated intussusception can also cause internal bleeding and a severe abdominal infection called peritonitis. […] Specific treatment for intussusception will be recommended by your child’s physician based on the following: The extent of the problem, The health of the child, The opinion of the physicians involved in the child’s care. […] Surgery will be necessary for intussusception that does not resolve with an enema or for those who are too ill to have this diagnostic procedure. Under anesthesia, the surgeon will make an incision in the abdomen, locate the intussusception and push the „telescoped” sections back into place. The intestine will be examined for damage, and if any sections are not working correctly, they will be removed and the two sections of healthy intestine will be sewn back together. […] If not treated, intussusception is a life-threatening disorder. If treated within 24 hours, most babies recover completely. The long-term outlook depends on the extent, if any, of intestinal damage.

• #69 Intussusception | Dayton Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrensdayton.org/kidshealth/a/intussusception

  Intussusception is a medical emergency that needs care right away. […] If the doctor suspects intussusception, the child may be sent to an emergency room (ER). […] After treatment, the child will stay in the hospital and get IV feedings until they can eat and have normal bowel function. […] Intussusception is a medical emergency. Call your doctor or get emergency medical help right away if your child has any symptoms of intussusception, such as: repeated crampy belly pain, vomiting, drowsiness, passing of currant jelly stool. […] Most children treated within the first 24 hours recover completely with no problems. But untreated intussusception can cause serious problems that get worse quickly. So it’s important to get help right away every second counts.

• #70 Intussusception (Inpatient): Signs, Diagnosis and Treatment | Nationwide Children’s Hospital

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/intussusception-inpatient

  After your child wakes up in the PACU, he will be taken to a room on the surgical unit. Your child may have a tube in his nose that goes into his stomach. This tube helps air pass out of his stomach. While this tube is in place, your child will not be able to eat or drink anything. After the tube is taken out, he will be given clear liquids at first. If he keeps these down, other liquids, including formula or breast milk, may be given. […] Your child will receive medicine for pain through an IV (intravenous) line. Your child will stay at the hospital for 3 or 4 days before going home. […] Call your doctor if your child has: Fever over 101 F, Increasing pain, Swelling, redness, or drainage from the incision, Any signs of intussusception coming back.

• #71 Intussusception – American College of Veterinary Surgeons

  https://www.acvs.org/small-animal/intussusception/

  Chronic intussusceptions usually require removal of a section of bowel and anastomosis of the ends to re-establish bowel integrity. […] The prognosis for pets with an intussusception is good as long as recurrence of the problem can be prevented and excessive amounts of bowel do not have to be removed.

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