Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Prognostic models for outcome prediction in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by systemic therapy: a systematic review and critical appraisal

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9270753/

  Although great progress has been made the treatment of advanced HCC, the overall prognosis of HCC after treatment remains poor. […] Therefore, standardized selection of treatment methods is particularly important, and the emergence of prognosis models can help solve this problem. […] At present, many multivariable prognostic models predicting the clinical outcome of patients with HCC treated with systemic therapy have been developed, but whether their predictions are reliable is unclear. […] The most common clinical indicators for predicting the prognosis of patients with HCC after systemic treatment were OS and PFS. […] The most commonly used predictors were AFP (n=9), albumin (n=8), bilirubin (n=8), ChildPugh class (n=8), extrahepatic metastasis (n=7), tumor size (n=7), and vascular invasion (n=6).

• #2 Prognostic models for outcome prediction in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by systemic therapy: a systematic review and critical appraisal | BMC Cancer | Full Text

  https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-022-09841-5

  To describe and analyze the predictive models of the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing systemic treatment. […] The systematic search yielded 42 eligible articles: 28 articles described the development of 28 prognostic models of patients with HCC treated with systemic therapy, and 14 articles described the external validation of 32 existing prognostic models of patients with HCC undergoing systemic treatment. […] This study describes and analyzes the prognostic models developed and validated for patients with HCC who have undergone systemic treatment. […] Although great progress has been made the treatment of advanced HCC, the overall prognosis of HCC after treatment remains poor. […] At present, many multivariable prognostic models predicting the clinical outcome of patients with HCC treated with systemic therapy have been developed, but whether their predictions are reliable is unclear.

• #3 Prognostic models for outcome prediction in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by systemic therapy: a systematic review and critical appraisal

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9270753/

  Although great progress has been made the treatment of advanced HCC, the overall prognosis of HCC after treatment remains poor. […] Therefore, standardized selection of treatment methods is particularly important, and the emergence of prognosis models can help solve this problem. […] At present, many multivariable prognostic models predicting the clinical outcome of patients with HCC treated with systemic therapy have been developed, but whether their predictions are reliable is unclear. […] The most common clinical indicators for predicting the prognosis of patients with HCC after systemic treatment were OS and PFS. […] The most commonly used predictors were AFP (n=9), albumin (n=8), bilirubin (n=8), ChildPugh class (n=8), extrahepatic metastasis (n=7), tumor size (n=7), and vascular invasion (n=6).

• #4 Evaluation and prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis based | CMAR

  https://www.dovepress.com/evaluation-and-prediction-of-hepatocellular-carcinoma-prognosis-based–peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-CMAR

  Purpose: Prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis faced great difficulty due to tumor heterogeneity. We aimed to identify the prognosis-associated molecular subtypes existing in HCC patients and construct an evaluation model based on identified molecular classification. […] Based on TCGA data, we observed two molecular subtypes with distinct clinical outcomes including significantly different overall survival, tumor differentiation, TNM stage, and vascular invasion (all P0.05). […] Two prognostic molecular subtypes existed among HCC patients, which provided promising strategies for overcoming HCC heterogeneity and could be utilized in future clinical application for predicting HCC prognosis. […] In this study, we identified two prognostic subtypes with distinct biological features and clinical outcomes based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) whole transcriptome data. Furthermore, based on the subtype signature genes, a prognostic evaluation model consisting of six genes was constructed. The prognostic evaluation model can discriminate HCC patients between different subtypes as well as provide an evaluation for patients prognosis, which have also been validated in another two independent cohorts. […] The prognostic value calculated by the six-gene model could effectively indicate HCC prognosis under varied clinical conditions.

• #5 Prognosis Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10323415/

  Current staging systems for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are centered on treatment decisions and based on prognosis determined by a combination of imaging, laboratory, and clinical parameters; imaging provides preoperative anatomic delineation of the tumor extent. […] Hepatobiliary MRI findings of microvascular invasion and non-hypervascular hypointense nodules are promising for assessing the prognosis of tumor recurrence and patient survival. […] Tumor-specific factors, such as size, gross morphological type, presence of capsule and satellite nodules, cellular differentiation, vascular invasion, and TNM stage, have been shown to be important risk factors that determine the prognosis of patients with HCC. […] Imaging plays an important role in the pretreatment evaluation of tumor size, number of lesions, vascular invasion, and presence of extrahepatic disease in staging systems.

• #6 Prognosis Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10323415/

  Current staging systems for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are centered on treatment decisions and based on prognosis determined by a combination of imaging, laboratory, and clinical parameters; imaging provides preoperative anatomic delineation of the tumor extent. […] Hepatobiliary MRI findings of microvascular invasion and non-hypervascular hypointense nodules are promising for assessing the prognosis of tumor recurrence and patient survival. […] Tumor-specific factors, such as size, gross morphological type, presence of capsule and satellite nodules, cellular differentiation, vascular invasion, and TNM stage, have been shown to be important risk factors that determine the prognosis of patients with HCC. […] Imaging plays an important role in the pretreatment evaluation of tumor size, number of lesions, vascular invasion, and presence of extrahepatic disease in staging systems.

• #7 Prognostic models for outcome prediction in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by systemic therapy: a systematic review and critical appraisal

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9270753/

  Although great progress has been made the treatment of advanced HCC, the overall prognosis of HCC after treatment remains poor. […] Therefore, standardized selection of treatment methods is particularly important, and the emergence of prognosis models can help solve this problem. […] At present, many multivariable prognostic models predicting the clinical outcome of patients with HCC treated with systemic therapy have been developed, but whether their predictions are reliable is unclear. […] The most common clinical indicators for predicting the prognosis of patients with HCC after systemic treatment were OS and PFS. […] The most commonly used predictors were AFP (n=9), albumin (n=8), bilirubin (n=8), ChildPugh class (n=8), extrahepatic metastasis (n=7), tumor size (n=7), and vascular invasion (n=6).

• #8 Prognostic models for outcome prediction in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by systemic therapy: a systematic review and critical appraisal | BMC Cancer | Full Text

  https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-022-09841-5

  The most common clinical indicators for predicting the prognosis of patients with HCC after systemic treatment were OS and PFS. […] The most commonly used predictors were AFP, albumin, bilirubin, ChildPugh class, liver metastasis, tumor size, and vascular invasion. […] The most commonly used and widely cited discrimination indicator is the concordance index (c-index or C statistic). […] The most commonly used predictors for developing prognostic models were AFP, albumin, bilirubin, ChildPugh class, liver metastasis, tumor size, and vascular invasion. […] Most of these models are not specifically designed for patients with HCC treated with systemic drugs, so they have low predictive performance and require the development of new models or updating of existing models for more precise clinical practice.

• #9 Prognostic models for outcome prediction in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by systemic therapy: a systematic review and critical appraisal

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9270753/

  Although great progress has been made the treatment of advanced HCC, the overall prognosis of HCC after treatment remains poor. […] Therefore, standardized selection of treatment methods is particularly important, and the emergence of prognosis models can help solve this problem. […] At present, many multivariable prognostic models predicting the clinical outcome of patients with HCC treated with systemic therapy have been developed, but whether their predictions are reliable is unclear. […] The most common clinical indicators for predicting the prognosis of patients with HCC after systemic treatment were OS and PFS. […] The most commonly used predictors were AFP (n=9), albumin (n=8), bilirubin (n=8), ChildPugh class (n=8), extrahepatic metastasis (n=7), tumor size (n=7), and vascular invasion (n=6).

• #10 Prognostic models for outcome prediction in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by systemic therapy: a systematic review and critical appraisal | BMC Cancer | Full Text

  https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-022-09841-5

  The most common clinical indicators for predicting the prognosis of patients with HCC after systemic treatment were OS and PFS. […] The most commonly used predictors were AFP, albumin, bilirubin, ChildPugh class, liver metastasis, tumor size, and vascular invasion. […] The most commonly used and widely cited discrimination indicator is the concordance index (c-index or C statistic). […] The most commonly used predictors for developing prognostic models were AFP, albumin, bilirubin, ChildPugh class, liver metastasis, tumor size, and vascular invasion. […] Most of these models are not specifically designed for patients with HCC treated with systemic drugs, so they have low predictive performance and require the development of new models or updating of existing models for more precise clinical practice.

• #11 Prognostic models for outcome prediction in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by systemic therapy: a systematic review and critical appraisal

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9270753/

  The most common indicators for evaluating the predictive performance of a prognostic model were discrimination and calibration. […] The most commonly used and widely cited discrimination indicator is the concordance index (c-index or C statistic). […] Calibration is commonly represented in the form of a calibration plot and the HosmerLemeshow goodness-of-fit test. […] The development and validation of these models will aid the identification of patients with HCC who may benefit from systemic therapy, and guide treatment. […] However, due to the inappropriate design of the participants, predictors, outcomes, and the most important statistical analysis methods, these models had high risk. […] Future studies should focus on updating existing prognosis models by adjusting predictors to improve performance and promoting their clinical practice through external validation.

• #12 Prognostic models for outcome prediction in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by systemic therapy: a systematic review and critical appraisal

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9270753/

  The most common indicators for evaluating the predictive performance of a prognostic model were discrimination and calibration. […] The most commonly used and widely cited discrimination indicator is the concordance index (c-index or C statistic). […] Calibration is commonly represented in the form of a calibration plot and the HosmerLemeshow goodness-of-fit test. […] The development and validation of these models will aid the identification of patients with HCC who may benefit from systemic therapy, and guide treatment. […] However, due to the inappropriate design of the participants, predictors, outcomes, and the most important statistical analysis methods, these models had high risk. […] Future studies should focus on updating existing prognosis models by adjusting predictors to improve performance and promoting their clinical practice through external validation.

• #13 Prognostic models for outcome prediction in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by systemic therapy: a systematic review and critical appraisal | BMC Cancer | Full Text

  https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-022-09841-5

  The most common clinical indicators for predicting the prognosis of patients with HCC after systemic treatment were OS and PFS. […] The most commonly used predictors were AFP, albumin, bilirubin, ChildPugh class, liver metastasis, tumor size, and vascular invasion. […] The most commonly used and widely cited discrimination indicator is the concordance index (c-index or C statistic). […] The most commonly used predictors for developing prognostic models were AFP, albumin, bilirubin, ChildPugh class, liver metastasis, tumor size, and vascular invasion. […] Most of these models are not specifically designed for patients with HCC treated with systemic drugs, so they have low predictive performance and require the development of new models or updating of existing models for more precise clinical practice.

• #14 Prognosis Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10323415/

  Current staging systems for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are centered on treatment decisions and based on prognosis determined by a combination of imaging, laboratory, and clinical parameters; imaging provides preoperative anatomic delineation of the tumor extent. […] Hepatobiliary MRI findings of microvascular invasion and non-hypervascular hypointense nodules are promising for assessing the prognosis of tumor recurrence and patient survival. […] Tumor-specific factors, such as size, gross morphological type, presence of capsule and satellite nodules, cellular differentiation, vascular invasion, and TNM stage, have been shown to be important risk factors that determine the prognosis of patients with HCC. […] Imaging plays an important role in the pretreatment evaluation of tumor size, number of lesions, vascular invasion, and presence of extrahepatic disease in staging systems.

• #15 Prognosis Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10323415/

  The presence of NHHN can be used to stratify patients into high-risk categories and requires closer surveillance. Approximately 50% of NHHN will develop into progressed HCC within 5 years. […] Recent studies suggest that hepatobiliary MRI may indicate MVI and NHHN, which are markers of poor prognosis. […] Standardization of imaging-based classification systems that comprise these additional features of HCC could improve prognostication but requires further validation.

• #16 Prognosis Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10323415/

  The presence of NHHN can be used to stratify patients into high-risk categories and requires closer surveillance. Approximately 50% of NHHN will develop into progressed HCC within 5 years. […] Recent studies suggest that hepatobiliary MRI may indicate MVI and NHHN, which are markers of poor prognosis. […] Standardization of imaging-based classification systems that comprise these additional features of HCC could improve prognostication but requires further validation.

• #17 Prognosis Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10323415/

  The presence of NHHN can be used to stratify patients into high-risk categories and requires closer surveillance. Approximately 50% of NHHN will develop into progressed HCC within 5 years. […] Recent studies suggest that hepatobiliary MRI may indicate MVI and NHHN, which are markers of poor prognosis. […] Standardization of imaging-based classification systems that comprise these additional features of HCC could improve prognostication but requires further validation.

• #18 Artificial intelligence in the detection, characterisation and prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma: a narrative review – Kawka – Translational Gastroenterology and Hepatology

  https://tgh.amegroups.org/article/view/6429/html

  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. […] AI solutions for predicting treatment outcomes and survival emerged in recent years with the potential to shape future HCC guidelines. […] AI has potential to revolutionise detection, characterisation and prediction of HCC, however, for AI solutions to reach widespread clinical adoption, interdisciplinary collaboration is needed, to foster an environment in which AI solutions can be further improved, validated and included in treatment algorithms. […] AI methods for prediction of overall survival and treatment outcomes in HCC have emerged in the past two years and remain a dynamic area of study. […] Predictive potential of current models is higher for short-term outcomes rather than long-term survival, however, this approach offers an array of novel predictive tools to shape HCC guidelines and support clinical decision making.

• #19 Artificial intelligence in the detection, characterisation and prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma: a narrative review – Kawka – Translational Gastroenterology and Hepatology

  https://tgh.amegroups.org/article/view/6429/html

  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. […] AI solutions for predicting treatment outcomes and survival emerged in recent years with the potential to shape future HCC guidelines. […] AI has potential to revolutionise detection, characterisation and prediction of HCC, however, for AI solutions to reach widespread clinical adoption, interdisciplinary collaboration is needed, to foster an environment in which AI solutions can be further improved, validated and included in treatment algorithms. […] AI methods for prediction of overall survival and treatment outcomes in HCC have emerged in the past two years and remain a dynamic area of study. […] Predictive potential of current models is higher for short-term outcomes rather than long-term survival, however, this approach offers an array of novel predictive tools to shape HCC guidelines and support clinical decision making.

• #20 Artificial intelligence in the detection, characterisation and prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma: a narrative review – Kawka – Translational Gastroenterology and Hepatology

  https://tgh.amegroups.org/article/view/6429/html

  AI algorithms were successfully developed to predict response to and survival after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). […] AI solutions were also used to predict stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) outcomes. […] Several AI predictive models were also validated to explore post-resection survival and HCC recurrence. […] AI will revolutionise the way we detect and characterise HCC, as well as predict the course of its development, however, it is still experimental.

• #21 Artificial intelligence in the detection, characterisation and prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma: a narrative review – Kawka – Translational Gastroenterology and Hepatology

  https://tgh.amegroups.org/article/view/6429/html

  AI algorithms were successfully developed to predict response to and survival after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). […] AI solutions were also used to predict stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) outcomes. […] Several AI predictive models were also validated to explore post-resection survival and HCC recurrence. […] AI will revolutionise the way we detect and characterise HCC, as well as predict the course of its development, however, it is still experimental.

• #22 “Six-and-twelve” score for outcome prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma following transarterial chemoembolization. In-depth analysis from a multicenter French cohort

  https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5182/full/v12/i8/525.htm

  The six-and-twelve (612) score is a new hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognostic index designed for recommended transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) candidates. […] Recently, Wang ZW et al showed that the 612 model was the best system correlated with radiological response after the first TACE. […] As previously demonstrated, we show that the „612 score can classify survival within this French cohort, with a prognostic value comparable to that of other systems, except HKLC staging. More importantly, the 612 score simplicity and ability in patients stratification outperform other systems for a routine clinical practice. […] Not all-intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) benefit from transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). The recent six-and-twelve (612) score is an easy to use prognostic model that ensure a quick and appropriate patient selection before the first TACE in Chinese cohorts. In this multicenter French cohort of HCC, the 612 score can also classify survival among recommended TACE candidates with a good prognostic performance. It may help clinicians in routine clinical practice.

• #23 “Six-and-twelve” score for outcome prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma following transarterial chemoembolization. In-depth analysis from a multicenter French cohort

  https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5182/full/v12/i8/525.htm

  The six-and-twelve (612) score is a new hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognostic index designed for recommended transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) candidates. […] Recently, Wang ZW et al showed that the 612 model was the best system correlated with radiological response after the first TACE. […] As previously demonstrated, we show that the „612 score can classify survival within this French cohort, with a prognostic value comparable to that of other systems, except HKLC staging. More importantly, the 612 score simplicity and ability in patients stratification outperform other systems for a routine clinical practice. […] Not all-intermediate stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) benefit from transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). The recent six-and-twelve (612) score is an easy to use prognostic model that ensure a quick and appropriate patient selection before the first TACE in Chinese cohorts. In this multicenter French cohort of HCC, the 612 score can also classify survival among recommended TACE candidates with a good prognostic performance. It may help clinicians in routine clinical practice.

• #24 “Six-and-twelve” score for outcome prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma following transarterial chemoembolization. In-depth analysis from a multicenter French cohort

  https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5182/full/v12/i8/525.htm

  After a median follow-up duration of 24.4 (15.0-36.8) mo, eighty one percent of patients died. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed significant differences in overall survival (OS) distributions across subgroups of BCLC staging, 612 and NIACE scores within this cohort (P 0.05). […] Its prognostic performance was similar within our cohort compared to Wang et al original study [3-year AUROC values: 0.64 (0.58-0.71) vs 0.65 (0.61, 0.70); C-indices: 0.66 (0.58-0.74) vs 0.66 (0.63, 0.69) (Table 4)], and higher than that observed in this nationwide Chinese cohort [c-index: 0.58 (0.56, 0.60)]. […] In summary, in this multicenter French HCC cohort different staging/scoring systems classify survival among recommended TACE candidates with a similar predictive power. However, 612 score simplicity and ability in patients stratification outperform other systems for a routine clinical practice.

• #25 “Six-and-twelve” score for outcome prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma following transarterial chemoembolization. In-depth analysis from a multicenter French cohort

  https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-5182/full/v12/i8/525.htm

  After a median follow-up duration of 24.4 (15.0-36.8) mo, eighty one percent of patients died. Kaplan-Meier analyses showed significant differences in overall survival (OS) distributions across subgroups of BCLC staging, 612 and NIACE scores within this cohort (P 0.05). […] Its prognostic performance was similar within our cohort compared to Wang et al original study [3-year AUROC values: 0.64 (0.58-0.71) vs 0.65 (0.61, 0.70); C-indices: 0.66 (0.58-0.74) vs 0.66 (0.63, 0.69) (Table 4)], and higher than that observed in this nationwide Chinese cohort [c-index: 0.58 (0.56, 0.60)]. […] In summary, in this multicenter French HCC cohort different staging/scoring systems classify survival among recommended TACE candidates with a similar predictive power. However, 612 score simplicity and ability in patients stratification outperform other systems for a routine clinical practice.

• #26 Prognostic Prediction for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Ascites: Role of Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) Grade and Easy (EZ)-ALBI Grade

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/3/753

  In this study, ascites was identified in 22.5% of a large cohort of 4431 HCC patients. We show that the presence of ascites in HCC was strongly associated with decreased survival compared with those without ascites. Since ALBI and EZ-ALBI grades are markers of liver dysfunction, we further investigated the prognostic role of ALBI and EZ-ALBI grades in this special patient group. Our data consistently reveal that ALBI and EZ-ALBI grades are feasible prognostic surrogates in HCC patients with different grades of ascites in terms of predicting their long-term survival. […] Ascites is common and is an independent prognostic predictor of HCC; patients with ascites are at an increased risk of mortality. The ALBI and EZ-ALBI grades are useful makers in predicting the outcome of HCC patients specifically with ascites. Further external validation is required to confirm our findings.

• #27 Prognostic Prediction for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Ascites: Role of Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) Grade and Easy (EZ)-ALBI Grade

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/3/753

  Prognostic Prediction for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Ascites: Role of Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) Grade and Easy (EZ)-ALBI Grade […] Ascites is a hallmark of advanced cirrhosis and often coexists in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade and EZ (easy)-ALBI grade are used to indicate the severity of liver dysfunction in HCC, but the predictive accuracy of these two models in HCC patients with ascites is unclear. We found that ascites is highly prevalent (22.5%) in HCC; higher ascites grade was associated with higher ALBI and EZ-ALBI scores and linked with decreased overall survival. In the Cox multivariate analysis, serum bilirubin level > 1.1 mg/dL, creatinine level ≥ 1.2 mg/dL, α-fetoprotein ≥ 20 ng/mL, total tumor volume > 100 cm³, vascular invasion, distant metastasis, poor performance status, ALBI grade 2 and 3, EZ-ALBI grade 2 and 3, and non-curative treatments were independently associated with increased mortality in ascitic HCC patients. The ALBI and EZ-ALBI grade can adequately stratify overall survival in both the entire cohort and specifically in HCC patients with ascites.

• #28 Prognostic Prediction for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Ascites: Role of Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) Grade and Easy (EZ)-ALBI Grade

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/3/753

  Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often have co-existing ascites, which is a hallmark of liver decompensation. The albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade and EZ (easy)-ALBI grade are used to assess liver functional reserve in HCC, but the predictive accuracy of these two models in HCC patients with ascites is unclear. We aimed to determine the prognostic role of ALBI and EZ-ALBI grades in these patients. A total of 4431 HCC patients were prospectively enrolled and retrospectively analyzed. Independent prognostic predictors were identified by the multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. Of all patients, 995 (22.5%) patients had ascites. Grade 1, 2, and 3 ascites were found in 16%, 4%, and 3% of them, respectively. A higher ascites grade was associated with higher ALBI and EZ-ALBI scores and linked with decreased overall survival. In the Cox multivariate analysis, serum bilirubin level > 1.1 mg/dL, creatinine level ≥ 1.2 mg/dL, α-fetoprotein ≥ 20 ng/mL, total tumor volume > 100 cm³, vascular invasion, distant metastasis, poor performance status, ALBI grade 2 and 3, EZ-ALBI grade 2 and 3, and non-curative treatments were independently associated with increased mortality (all p < 0.05) among HCC patients with ascites. The ALBI and EZ-ALBI grade can adequately stratify overall survival in both the entire cohort and specifically in patients with ascites. Ascites is highly prevalent and independently predict patient survival in HCC. The ALBI and EZ-ALBI grade are feasible markers of liver dysfunction and can stratify long-term survival in HCC patients with ascites.

• #29 Prognostic Prediction for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Ascites: Role of Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) Grade and Easy (EZ)-ALBI Grade

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/3/753

  Prognostic Prediction for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Ascites: Role of Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) Grade and Easy (EZ)-ALBI Grade […] Ascites is a hallmark of advanced cirrhosis and often coexists in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade and EZ (easy)-ALBI grade are used to indicate the severity of liver dysfunction in HCC, but the predictive accuracy of these two models in HCC patients with ascites is unclear. We found that ascites is highly prevalent (22.5%) in HCC; higher ascites grade was associated with higher ALBI and EZ-ALBI scores and linked with decreased overall survival. In the Cox multivariate analysis, serum bilirubin level > 1.1 mg/dL, creatinine level ≥ 1.2 mg/dL, α-fetoprotein ≥ 20 ng/mL, total tumor volume > 100 cm³, vascular invasion, distant metastasis, poor performance status, ALBI grade 2 and 3, EZ-ALBI grade 2 and 3, and non-curative treatments were independently associated with increased mortality in ascitic HCC patients. The ALBI and EZ-ALBI grade can adequately stratify overall survival in both the entire cohort and specifically in HCC patients with ascites.

• #30 Prognostic Prediction for Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Ascites: Role of Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) Grade and Easy (EZ)-ALBI Grade

  https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/3/753

  Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) often have co-existing ascites, which is a hallmark of liver decompensation. The albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) grade and EZ (easy)-ALBI grade are used to assess liver functional reserve in HCC, but the predictive accuracy of these two models in HCC patients with ascites is unclear. We aimed to determine the prognostic role of ALBI and EZ-ALBI grades in these patients. A total of 4431 HCC patients were prospectively enrolled and retrospectively analyzed. Independent prognostic predictors were identified by the multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. Of all patients, 995 (22.5%) patients had ascites. Grade 1, 2, and 3 ascites were found in 16%, 4%, and 3% of them, respectively. A higher ascites grade was associated with higher ALBI and EZ-ALBI scores and linked with decreased overall survival. In the Cox multivariate analysis, serum bilirubin level > 1.1 mg/dL, creatinine level ≥ 1.2 mg/dL, α-fetoprotein ≥ 20 ng/mL, total tumor volume > 100 cm³, vascular invasion, distant metastasis, poor performance status, ALBI grade 2 and 3, EZ-ALBI grade 2 and 3, and non-curative treatments were independently associated with increased mortality (all p < 0.05) among HCC patients with ascites. The ALBI and EZ-ALBI grade can adequately stratify overall survival in both the entire cohort and specifically in patients with ascites. Ascites is highly prevalent and independently predict patient survival in HCC. The ALBI and EZ-ALBI grade are feasible markers of liver dysfunction and can stratify long-term survival in HCC patients with ascites.

• #31 The combination of three molecular markers can be a valuable predictive tool for the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/srep24582

  Based on molecular profiling, several prognostic markers for HCC are also used in clinic, but only a few genes have been identified as useful. […] Multilayer perceptron and discriminant analysis showed a very strong predictive value in evaluating liver cancer patients prognosis. […] Cox multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that DUOX1, GLS2, FBP1 and age were independent risk factors for the prognosis of HCC patients after surgery. […] The three genes model proposed proved to be highly predictive of the HCC patients prognosis. […] Implementation of risk scoring system in clinical practice can help in evaluating survival of HCC patients after operation. […] The MLP classifier made up of DUOX1, GLS2 and FBP1 on 72 tumor samples, resulted in the overall predictive power of 93.1% and 86.1% respectively for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).

• #32 The combination of three molecular markers can be a valuable predictive tool for the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/srep24582

  Based on molecular profiling, several prognostic markers for HCC are also used in clinic, but only a few genes have been identified as useful. […] Multilayer perceptron and discriminant analysis showed a very strong predictive value in evaluating liver cancer patients prognosis. […] Cox multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that DUOX1, GLS2, FBP1 and age were independent risk factors for the prognosis of HCC patients after surgery. […] The three genes model proposed proved to be highly predictive of the HCC patients prognosis. […] Implementation of risk scoring system in clinical practice can help in evaluating survival of HCC patients after operation. […] The MLP classifier made up of DUOX1, GLS2 and FBP1 on 72 tumor samples, resulted in the overall predictive power of 93.1% and 86.1% respectively for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS).

• #33 Evaluation and prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis based | CMAR

  https://www.dovepress.com/evaluation-and-prediction-of-hepatocellular-carcinoma-prognosis-based–peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-CMAR

  Purpose: Prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis faced great difficulty due to tumor heterogeneity. We aimed to identify the prognosis-associated molecular subtypes existing in HCC patients and construct an evaluation model based on identified molecular classification. […] Based on TCGA data, we observed two molecular subtypes with distinct clinical outcomes including significantly different overall survival, tumor differentiation, TNM stage, and vascular invasion (all P0.05). […] Two prognostic molecular subtypes existed among HCC patients, which provided promising strategies for overcoming HCC heterogeneity and could be utilized in future clinical application for predicting HCC prognosis. […] In this study, we identified two prognostic subtypes with distinct biological features and clinical outcomes based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) whole transcriptome data. Furthermore, based on the subtype signature genes, a prognostic evaluation model consisting of six genes was constructed. The prognostic evaluation model can discriminate HCC patients between different subtypes as well as provide an evaluation for patients prognosis, which have also been validated in another two independent cohorts. […] The prognostic value calculated by the six-gene model could effectively indicate HCC prognosis under varied clinical conditions.

• #34 Evaluation and prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis based | CMAR

  https://www.dovepress.com/evaluation-and-prediction-of-hepatocellular-carcinoma-prognosis-based–peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-CMAR

  Purpose: Prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis faced great difficulty due to tumor heterogeneity. We aimed to identify the prognosis-associated molecular subtypes existing in HCC patients and construct an evaluation model based on identified molecular classification. […] Based on TCGA data, we observed two molecular subtypes with distinct clinical outcomes including significantly different overall survival, tumor differentiation, TNM stage, and vascular invasion (all P0.05). […] Two prognostic molecular subtypes existed among HCC patients, which provided promising strategies for overcoming HCC heterogeneity and could be utilized in future clinical application for predicting HCC prognosis. […] In this study, we identified two prognostic subtypes with distinct biological features and clinical outcomes based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) whole transcriptome data. Furthermore, based on the subtype signature genes, a prognostic evaluation model consisting of six genes was constructed. The prognostic evaluation model can discriminate HCC patients between different subtypes as well as provide an evaluation for patients prognosis, which have also been validated in another two independent cohorts. […] The prognostic value calculated by the six-gene model could effectively indicate HCC prognosis under varied clinical conditions.

• #35 Circulating levels of microRNA193a-5p predict outcome in early stage hepatocellular carcinoma | PLOS One

  https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0239386

  Circulating levels of microRNA193a-5p predict outcome in early stage hepatocellular carcinoma. […] High relative miR-193a-5p levels were predictive for the patients postoperative outcome, which was confirmed in uni- and multivariate Cox-regression analysis. […] HCC patients with a preoperative relative miR-193a-5p level above the ideal cut-off value (3.57) had a median overall survival (OS) of only 451 days compared to 1158 days in patients with a relative miR-193a-5p level below this cut-off value. […] Elevated levels of circulating miR-193a-5p predict an impaired outcome. […] The median OS was only 451 days for the subgroup of patients showing high relative miR-193a-5p levels compared to 1158 days in those patients with a relative miR-193a-5p level below the ideal cut-off value. […] Importantly, relative circulating miR-193a-5p levels turned out as an independent prognostic marker for OS. […] Our data should encourage further multi-center clinical trials including larger patient numbers in different disease stages to provide clearer answers regarding a potential use of miR-193a-5p as a clinical marker in the context of HCC.

• #36 Circulating levels of microRNA193a-5p predict outcome in early stage hepatocellular carcinoma | PLOS One

  https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0239386

  Circulating levels of microRNA193a-5p predict outcome in early stage hepatocellular carcinoma. […] High relative miR-193a-5p levels were predictive for the patients postoperative outcome, which was confirmed in uni- and multivariate Cox-regression analysis. […] HCC patients with a preoperative relative miR-193a-5p level above the ideal cut-off value (3.57) had a median overall survival (OS) of only 451 days compared to 1158 days in patients with a relative miR-193a-5p level below this cut-off value. […] Elevated levels of circulating miR-193a-5p predict an impaired outcome. […] The median OS was only 451 days for the subgroup of patients showing high relative miR-193a-5p levels compared to 1158 days in those patients with a relative miR-193a-5p level below the ideal cut-off value. […] Importantly, relative circulating miR-193a-5p levels turned out as an independent prognostic marker for OS. […] Our data should encourage further multi-center clinical trials including larger patient numbers in different disease stages to provide clearer answers regarding a potential use of miR-193a-5p as a clinical marker in the context of HCC.

• #37 Is left-sided involvement of hepatocellular carcinoma an important preoperative predictive factor of poor outcome? | World Journal of Surgical Oncology | Full Text

  https://wjso.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12957-020-02100-6

  The left-sided group had a poorer prognosis than the right-sided group. A left-sided tumor location is a significant preoperative factor predictive of poor outcome in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. […] The results of this study revealed that left-sided HCC had a significantly poorer outcome and a higher rate of hematogenous recurrence than right-sided HCC. Multivariable analysis showed that the laterality was one of the significant preoperative predictable factors. […] Our results showed that tumor laterality is a significant preoperative factor affecting the outcome of HCC. To our knowledge, this is the first study to have compared the prognosis of HCC between left-sided and right-sided resections. Our results show that laterality is an important preoperative variable predictive of outcome in patients with HCC.

• #38 Spatial patterns and MRI-based radiomic prediction of high peritumoral tertiary lymphoid structure density in hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter study | Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer

  https://jitc.bmj.com/content/12/12/e009879

  Patients with HCC and a high pTLS density experienced prolonged median overall survival (p0.05) and favorable immunotherapy response (p=0.03). […] We identified key regulators of pTLS density in patients with HCC and proposed a non-invasive radiomic classifier capable of assisting in stratification for prognosis and treatment. […] High pTLS density group significantly correlated with improved overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) (both log-rank p0.05) in the TCGA-LIHC (n=363) and in-house (n=660) cohorts. […] The predicted pTLShigh group exhibited prolonged mST for OS (HR 0.200.44, p=0.005 to 0.001) and RFS (HR 0.250.73, p=0.015 to 0.001) compared with predicted pTLSlow group across three data sets. […] Our study identifies potential novel targets of pTLS density, shedding light on its clinical application in immunotherapy. Developing a non-invasive method for assessing pTLS density could aid in clinical decision-making and treatment selection in hepatocellular carcinoma.

• #39 Spatial patterns and MRI-based radiomic prediction of high peritumoral tertiary lymphoid structure density in hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter study | Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer

  https://jitc.bmj.com/content/12/12/e009879

  Patients with HCC and a high pTLS density experienced prolonged median overall survival (p0.05) and favorable immunotherapy response (p=0.03). […] We identified key regulators of pTLS density in patients with HCC and proposed a non-invasive radiomic classifier capable of assisting in stratification for prognosis and treatment. […] High pTLS density group significantly correlated with improved overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) (both log-rank p0.05) in the TCGA-LIHC (n=363) and in-house (n=660) cohorts. […] The predicted pTLShigh group exhibited prolonged mST for OS (HR 0.200.44, p=0.005 to 0.001) and RFS (HR 0.250.73, p=0.015 to 0.001) compared with predicted pTLSlow group across three data sets. […] Our study identifies potential novel targets of pTLS density, shedding light on its clinical application in immunotherapy. Developing a non-invasive method for assessing pTLS density could aid in clinical decision-making and treatment selection in hepatocellular carcinoma.

• #40 Prognostic Factors for Mortality in Hepatocellular Carcinoma at Diagnosis: Development of a Predictive Model Using Artificial Intelligence

  https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/14/4/406

  Prognostic Factors for Mortality in Hepatocellular Carcinoma at Diagnosis: Development of a Predictive Model Using Artificial Intelligence […] Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 75% of primary liver tumors. Controlling risk factors associated with its development and implementing screenings in risk populations does not seem sufficient to improve the prognosis of these patients at diagnosis. The development of a predictive prognostic model for mortality at the diagnosis of HCC is proposed. […] Meeting Milan criteria, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) classification and albumin levels were the variables with the greatest impact on the prognosis of HCC patients. […] The development of a predictive prognostic model at the diagnosis is a valuable tool for patients with HCC and for application in clinical practice. RF is useful and reliable in the analysis of prognostic factors in the diagnosis of HCC. The search for new prognostic factors is still necessary in patients with HCC. […] The prognosis for patients diagnosed with HCC remains poor, with a global mortality rate of 8.3 per 100,000 individuals in 2020. […] This study demonstrates that the variables with the most significant impact on the prognosis of patients with HCC are the indices calculated based on clinical and analytical data, such as the Milan criteria. […] According to the study findings, not meeting Milan criteria, being in stages B, C, and D of the BCLC, and having low levels of albumin are associated with an unfavorable prognosis in patients with HCC. […] The proposed RF method achieves the best results in identifying the main prognostic factors of HCC at diagnosis and in the development of the predictive model. […] The development of a predictive prognostic model at the diagnosis of HCC aims to identify the factors that most influence patient mortality.

• #41 Prognostic Factors for Mortality in Hepatocellular Carcinoma at Diagnosis: Development of a Predictive Model Using Artificial Intelligence

  https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/14/4/406

  Prognostic Factors for Mortality in Hepatocellular Carcinoma at Diagnosis: Development of a Predictive Model Using Artificial Intelligence […] Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 75% of primary liver tumors. Controlling risk factors associated with its development and implementing screenings in risk populations does not seem sufficient to improve the prognosis of these patients at diagnosis. The development of a predictive prognostic model for mortality at the diagnosis of HCC is proposed. […] Meeting Milan criteria, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) classification and albumin levels were the variables with the greatest impact on the prognosis of HCC patients. […] The development of a predictive prognostic model at the diagnosis is a valuable tool for patients with HCC and for application in clinical practice. RF is useful and reliable in the analysis of prognostic factors in the diagnosis of HCC. The search for new prognostic factors is still necessary in patients with HCC. […] The prognosis for patients diagnosed with HCC remains poor, with a global mortality rate of 8.3 per 100,000 individuals in 2020. […] This study demonstrates that the variables with the most significant impact on the prognosis of patients with HCC are the indices calculated based on clinical and analytical data, such as the Milan criteria. […] According to the study findings, not meeting Milan criteria, being in stages B, C, and D of the BCLC, and having low levels of albumin are associated with an unfavorable prognosis in patients with HCC. […] The proposed RF method achieves the best results in identifying the main prognostic factors of HCC at diagnosis and in the development of the predictive model. […] The development of a predictive prognostic model at the diagnosis of HCC aims to identify the factors that most influence patient mortality.

• #42 Prognostic Factors for Mortality in Hepatocellular Carcinoma at Diagnosis: Development of a Predictive Model Using Artificial Intelligence

  https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/14/4/406

  Prognostic Factors for Mortality in Hepatocellular Carcinoma at Diagnosis: Development of a Predictive Model Using Artificial Intelligence […] Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 75% of primary liver tumors. Controlling risk factors associated with its development and implementing screenings in risk populations does not seem sufficient to improve the prognosis of these patients at diagnosis. The development of a predictive prognostic model for mortality at the diagnosis of HCC is proposed. […] Meeting Milan criteria, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) classification and albumin levels were the variables with the greatest impact on the prognosis of HCC patients. […] The development of a predictive prognostic model at the diagnosis is a valuable tool for patients with HCC and for application in clinical practice. RF is useful and reliable in the analysis of prognostic factors in the diagnosis of HCC. The search for new prognostic factors is still necessary in patients with HCC. […] The prognosis for patients diagnosed with HCC remains poor, with a global mortality rate of 8.3 per 100,000 individuals in 2020. […] This study demonstrates that the variables with the most significant impact on the prognosis of patients with HCC are the indices calculated based on clinical and analytical data, such as the Milan criteria. […] According to the study findings, not meeting Milan criteria, being in stages B, C, and D of the BCLC, and having low levels of albumin are associated with an unfavorable prognosis in patients with HCC. […] The proposed RF method achieves the best results in identifying the main prognostic factors of HCC at diagnosis and in the development of the predictive model. […] The development of a predictive prognostic model at the diagnosis of HCC aims to identify the factors that most influence patient mortality.

• #43 Machine learning to improve prognosis prediction of EHCC | JHC

  https://www.dovepress.com/machine-learning-to-improve-prognosis-prediction-of-early-hepatocellul-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JHC

  Improved prognostic prediction is needed to stratify patients with early hepatocellular carcinoma (EHCC) to refine selection of adjuvant therapy. […] The ML model could stratify 10-year DSS ranging from 70% in low-risk subset to 5% in high-risk subset. […] An ML model trained on a large-scale dataset has good predictive performance at individual scale. Such a model is readily integrated into clinical practice and will be valuable in discussing treatment strategies. […] The final GBM model demonstrated good discriminatory ability in predicting post-resection survival specific for EHCC, with a C-statistic of 0.738 (95% CI 0.7170.758), and outperformed the 7th and 8th edition of AJCC staging systems (P0.001) in the training/validation cohort. […] The model is publicly accessible for use on Github, with an app that allows survival estimates at individual scale. […] Our results suggest that a GBM model trained on readily-available clinical data provides good performance that is better than staging systems in predicting prognosis.

• #44 Machine learning to improve prognosis prediction of EHCC | JHC

  https://www.dovepress.com/machine-learning-to-improve-prognosis-prediction-of-early-hepatocellul-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JHC

  Improved prognostic prediction is needed to stratify patients with early hepatocellular carcinoma (EHCC) to refine selection of adjuvant therapy. […] The ML model could stratify 10-year DSS ranging from 70% in low-risk subset to 5% in high-risk subset. […] An ML model trained on a large-scale dataset has good predictive performance at individual scale. Such a model is readily integrated into clinical practice and will be valuable in discussing treatment strategies. […] The final GBM model demonstrated good discriminatory ability in predicting post-resection survival specific for EHCC, with a C-statistic of 0.738 (95% CI 0.7170.758), and outperformed the 7th and 8th edition of AJCC staging systems (P0.001) in the training/validation cohort. […] The model is publicly accessible for use on Github, with an app that allows survival estimates at individual scale. […] Our results suggest that a GBM model trained on readily-available clinical data provides good performance that is better than staging systems in predicting prognosis.

• #45 Prognostic models for outcome prediction in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by systemic therapy: a systematic review and critical appraisal

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9270753/

  Although great progress has been made the treatment of advanced HCC, the overall prognosis of HCC after treatment remains poor. […] Therefore, standardized selection of treatment methods is particularly important, and the emergence of prognosis models can help solve this problem. […] At present, many multivariable prognostic models predicting the clinical outcome of patients with HCC treated with systemic therapy have been developed, but whether their predictions are reliable is unclear. […] The most common clinical indicators for predicting the prognosis of patients with HCC after systemic treatment were OS and PFS. […] The most commonly used predictors were AFP (n=9), albumin (n=8), bilirubin (n=8), ChildPugh class (n=8), extrahepatic metastasis (n=7), tumor size (n=7), and vascular invasion (n=6).

• #46 Prognostic models for outcome prediction in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by systemic therapy: a systematic review and critical appraisal | BMC Cancer | Full Text

  https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-022-09841-5

  To describe and analyze the predictive models of the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing systemic treatment. […] The systematic search yielded 42 eligible articles: 28 articles described the development of 28 prognostic models of patients with HCC treated with systemic therapy, and 14 articles described the external validation of 32 existing prognostic models of patients with HCC undergoing systemic treatment. […] This study describes and analyzes the prognostic models developed and validated for patients with HCC who have undergone systemic treatment. […] Although great progress has been made the treatment of advanced HCC, the overall prognosis of HCC after treatment remains poor. […] At present, many multivariable prognostic models predicting the clinical outcome of patients with HCC treated with systemic therapy have been developed, but whether their predictions are reliable is unclear.

• #47 Prognostic models for outcome prediction in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by systemic therapy: a systematic review and critical appraisal

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9270753/

  Although great progress has been made the treatment of advanced HCC, the overall prognosis of HCC after treatment remains poor. […] Therefore, standardized selection of treatment methods is particularly important, and the emergence of prognosis models can help solve this problem. […] At present, many multivariable prognostic models predicting the clinical outcome of patients with HCC treated with systemic therapy have been developed, but whether their predictions are reliable is unclear. […] The most common clinical indicators for predicting the prognosis of patients with HCC after systemic treatment were OS and PFS. […] The most commonly used predictors were AFP (n=9), albumin (n=8), bilirubin (n=8), ChildPugh class (n=8), extrahepatic metastasis (n=7), tumor size (n=7), and vascular invasion (n=6).

• #48 Prognostic models for outcome prediction in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by systemic therapy: a systematic review and critical appraisal | BMC Cancer | Full Text

  https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-022-09841-5

  To describe and analyze the predictive models of the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing systemic treatment. […] The systematic search yielded 42 eligible articles: 28 articles described the development of 28 prognostic models of patients with HCC treated with systemic therapy, and 14 articles described the external validation of 32 existing prognostic models of patients with HCC undergoing systemic treatment. […] This study describes and analyzes the prognostic models developed and validated for patients with HCC who have undergone systemic treatment. […] Although great progress has been made the treatment of advanced HCC, the overall prognosis of HCC after treatment remains poor. […] At present, many multivariable prognostic models predicting the clinical outcome of patients with HCC treated with systemic therapy have been developed, but whether their predictions are reliable is unclear.

• #49 Prognostic models for outcome prediction in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by systemic therapy: a systematic review and critical appraisal

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9270753/

  To describe and analyze the predictive models of the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing systemic treatment. […] The systematic search yielded 42 eligible articles: 28 articles described the development of 28 prognostic models of patients with HCC treated with systemic therapy, and 14 articles described the external validation of 32 existing prognostic models of patients with HCC undergoing systemic treatment. […] This study describes and analyzes the prognostic models developed and validated for patients with HCC who have undergone systemic treatment. […] The results show that there are some methodological flaws in the model development process, and that external validation is rarely performed. […] Future research should focus on validating and updating existing models, and evaluating the effects of these models in clinical practice.

• #50 Prognostic models for outcome prediction in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated by systemic therapy: a systematic review and critical appraisal | BMC Cancer | Full Text

  https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12885-022-09841-5

  An important step of predictive models for clinical practice is to conduct external validation in populations from different clinical backgrounds, which can select predictive models with better performance through discrimination and calibration. […] Future studies should focus on updating existing prognosis models by adjusting predictors to improve performance and promoting their clinical practice through external validation.

• #51 Prognosis Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10323415/

  The presence of NHHN can be used to stratify patients into high-risk categories and requires closer surveillance. Approximately 50% of NHHN will develop into progressed HCC within 5 years. […] Recent studies suggest that hepatobiliary MRI may indicate MVI and NHHN, which are markers of poor prognosis. […] Standardization of imaging-based classification systems that comprise these additional features of HCC could improve prognostication but requires further validation.

• #52 Artificial intelligence in the detection, characterisation and prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma: a narrative review – Kawka – Translational Gastroenterology and Hepatology

  https://tgh.amegroups.org/article/view/6429/html

  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. […] AI solutions for predicting treatment outcomes and survival emerged in recent years with the potential to shape future HCC guidelines. […] AI has potential to revolutionise detection, characterisation and prediction of HCC, however, for AI solutions to reach widespread clinical adoption, interdisciplinary collaboration is needed, to foster an environment in which AI solutions can be further improved, validated and included in treatment algorithms. […] AI methods for prediction of overall survival and treatment outcomes in HCC have emerged in the past two years and remain a dynamic area of study. […] Predictive potential of current models is higher for short-term outcomes rather than long-term survival, however, this approach offers an array of novel predictive tools to shape HCC guidelines and support clinical decision making.

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