Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Common Cold in Children – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health

  https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default%3Fid%3Dcommon-cold-in-children-90-P02966

  The common cold (upper respiratory infection) is one of the most common illnesses in children. Each year it leads to more healthcare provider visits and missed days from school and work than any other illness. Millions of people in the U.S. will get a cold each year. […] Most children will have at least 6 to 8 colds a year. Children who attend daycare will have more. […] Colds happen when a virus irritates (inflames) the lining of the nose and throat. Colds can be caused by more than 200 different viruses. But most colds are caused by rhinoviruses. […] All children are at risk for the common cold. They are more likely than adults to get a cold. […] A child’s immune system is not as strong as an adult’s when it comes to fighting cold germs. […] Most common colds are diagnosed based on symptoms.

• #2 Common Cold | Viral Infection | MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/commoncold.html

  The common cold is a mild infection of your upper respiratory tract (which includes your nose and throat). Colds are probably the most common illness. Adults have an average of 2-3 colds per year, and children have even more. Colds are more common in the winter and spring, but you can get them at any time. […] There is no cure for the common cold. But there are treatments that can make you feel better while you wait for the cold to go away on its own: Getting lots of rest. Drinking plenty of fluids. Using a clean humidifier or cool mist vaporizer. Gargling with warm salt water. Using saline nose drops or sprays. Taking over-the-counter pain or cold and cough medicines. […] Most people who have a cold will feel better after a week or two. However, some people who get a cold may develop other illnesses, such as bronchitis or pneumonia. This is more common in people with weakened immune systems, asthma, or other respiratory conditions. Contact your provider if you or your child have symptoms that concern you, such as: Trouble breathing or fast breathing, Dehydration, Fever that lasts longer than 4 days, Symptoms that last more than 10 days without improvement, Symptoms, such as fever or cough, that improve but then return or worsen, Worsening of chronic medical conditions.

• #3 Common Cold | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/c/common-cold.html

  The common cold leads to more healthcare provider visits and absences from school and work than any other illness each year. […] Currently, there is no medicine available to cure or shorten the length of the common cold. But the following are some treatments that may help to ease some symptoms: […] Treatment to reduce symptoms includes getting rest and drinking plenty of fluids. […] The best prevention for the common cold is frequent hand washing and staying away from people who have colds.

• #4 Rhinovirus (Common Cold) | Disease Outbreak Control Division

  https://health.hawaii.gov/docd/disease_listing/rhinovirus/

  The rhinovirus is the most predominant cause of the common cold. The common cold is the main reason children miss school and adults miss work. Adults have an average of 2-3 colds per year, and children may have even more. […] Symptoms of the common cold caused by the rhinovirus include sore throat, runny nose, coughing, sneezing, watery eyes, headaches, and body aches. Infants and children may develop fever, and otitis media. Infants may develop more severe disease such as croup, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. Rhinoviruses may trigger asthma attacks. […] There is no specific treatment for rhinovirus infections. Treatments include over-the-counter medicine to help with symptom relief, resting, and drinking plenty of fluids. […] To reduce the risk of spreading and getting infected with the rhinovirus, wash hands often with soap and water, avoid touching your face with unwashed hands, cover your mouth and nose when coughing and sneezing (cough into a tissue or your upper shirt sleeve), and disinfect objects and surfaces regularly.

• #5 15 Tips & Home Remedies to Get Rid of Cold Symptoms │ Vicks

  https://vicks.com/en-us/treatments/how-to-treat-a-cold/how-to-get-rid-of-a-cold

  Over 200 viruses can cause the common cold, but it’s most commonly caused by a group of viruses known as rhinoviruses. […] To date, there are no antiviral medications that can fight the viruses that cause the common cold. […] You don’t need to suffer with the symptoms while your body fights off the cold virus. Over-the-counter medicines like DayQuil SEVERE and NyQuil SEVERE can help relieve your toughest cold symptoms. […] Sleep is essential for your body to rest and heal. […] Non-medicated nasal saline sprays like Sinex Saline Ultra Fine Nasal Mist can help to relieve congestion from a cold. […] A saline nasal spray helps to keep nasal passages open by washing out any thick or dried mucus resulting in a more fluid mucus that can drain faster. […] You can gargle with water containing salt to get relief for a sore throat from a cold.

• #6 Common cold – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/common-cold/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351611

  You usually don’t need medical care for a common cold. But if symptoms get worse or don’t go away, see your health care provider. […] Most people with a common cold can be diagnosed by their symptoms. Your care provider may take a nasal or throat swab to rule out other illnesses. A chest X-ray may be ordered to rule out a lung illness. […] There’s no cure for the common cold. Most cases of the common cold get better without treatment within 7 to 10 days. But a cough may last a few more days. […] The best thing you can do is take care of yourself while your body heals. Care tips include: Rest. Drink plenty of liquids. Humidify the air. Use saline nasal rinses. […] Antibiotics do not treat cold viruses. They are used to treat illnesses caused by bacteria. […] Pain relievers you can buy without a prescription can lessen the discomfort of a sore throat, headache or fever.

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• #8 Common Cold: Nursing Diagnosis & Interventions | Nurse.com

  https://www.nurse.com/clinical-guides/common-cold/?srsltid=AfmBOopI0VCoJ0mqpZhQG53YDJsqaMFTIlD-6V7XOQ-X4gAtmxrfxjlX

  The common cold is a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract. […] The primary goal of treatment is to reduce symptoms duration and severity. […] While there is no cure for the common cold, there are some ways to treat the symptoms. It is important to stay hydrated. […] Most individuals recover from the common cold without any treatment in 7 to 10 days. […] The assessment of an individual with a common cold may reveal a raspy or nasal quality voice. […] Common nursing diagnosis for the common cold include: Hyperthermia, Fatigue, Ineffective airway clearance, Infection, Pain. […] Nursing interventions for the common cold are based on symptom management. […] Patient education includes infection prevention and control practices, specifically hand washing, use of humidified air, hydrating with sufficient fluids, avoiding smoking or exposure to second-hand smoke, getting plenty of rest, administration of medications for symptom management, and follow-up with healthcare providers.

• #9 Common Cold Treatment | Mass General Brigham

  https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/about/newsroom/articles/common-cold-treatment

  The common cold is aptly named because chances are, youve had it many times in your life. […] Colds are an infection of your upper respiratory tract, including your nose and throat. […] Dr. Shenoy shares tips on treatment options and prevention for this very common illness. […] Signs and symptoms of a common cold include: Sneezing, Stuffy or runny nose (mucus may be clear, white, yellow, or green), or sinus pressure, Sore throat, Coughing, Headache, Fever. […] In the vast majority of cases, we never test for, or determine, which virus caused common cold symptoms because its not needed, says Dr. Shenoy. […] Most common colds gradually get better on their own without treatment, but it can take some time for a cold to run its course. […] To feel better while youre fighting a cold, try the following: Drink lots of water, Get plenty of rest, Run a humidifier or vaporizer to increase the amount of moisture in the air, Use saline nasal spray or drops, Breathe in steam during a hot shower, Use throat lozenges or cough drops, Take over-the-counter medicines to relieve symptoms in adults. […] The CDC is a great resource for the latest guidance on respiratory viruses. […] Practice good hand hygiene.

• #10 Patient education: The common cold in children (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/the-common-cold-in-children-beyond-the-basics/print

  The symptoms of a cold are usually worst during the first 10 days. However, some children continue to have a runny nose, congestion, and a cough beyond 10 days. In addition, it is not unusual for a child to develop a second cold as the symptoms of the first cold are resolving; this can make it seem as if the child has a single cold that lasts for weeks or even months, especially during the fall and winter. This is not a cause for concern, unless the child has any of the more serious symptoms, discussed below. […] COMMON COLD TREATMENT […] Symptomatic treatment — The treatment of an infant or child with a cold is different than treatment recommended for adults. Antihistamines, decongestants, cough medicines, and expectorants, alone and in combinations, are all marketed for the symptoms of a cold. However, there have been few clinical trials of these products in infants and children.

• #11 Prevention and treatment of the common cold: making sense of the evidence

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3928210/

  The common cold is an acute, self-limiting viral infection of the upper respiratory tract involving the nose, sinuses, pharynx and larynx. The virus is spread by hand contact with secretions from an infected person (direct or indirect) or aerosol of the secretions and virus. Symptoms, which generally relate to the infected mucosa, typically peak at 13 days and last 710 days, although they occasionally persist for three weeks. They include sore throat, rhinitis, rhinorrhea, cough and malaise. The severity and type of symptoms will vary among individuals and with different infective agents. For example, fever is common in children but rare and mild in adults. The incidence of the common cold declines with age. Children under two years have about six infections a year, adults two to three and older people about one per year. Stress and poor sleep may increase the risk of the common cold among adults, whereas attendance at a daycare centre increases the risk among preschool children.

• #12 Common cold – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/common-cold/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351611

  You usually don’t need medical care for a common cold. But if symptoms get worse or don’t go away, see your health care provider. […] Most people with a common cold can be diagnosed by their symptoms. Your care provider may take a nasal or throat swab to rule out other illnesses. A chest X-ray may be ordered to rule out a lung illness. […] There’s no cure for the common cold. Most cases of the common cold get better without treatment within 7 to 10 days. But a cough may last a few more days. […] The best thing you can do is take care of yourself while your body heals. Care tips include: Rest. Drink plenty of liquids. Humidify the air. Use saline nasal rinses. […] Antibiotics do not treat cold viruses. They are used to treat illnesses caused by bacteria. […] Pain relievers you can buy without a prescription can lessen the discomfort of a sore throat, headache or fever.

• #13 Common Cold: Nursing Diagnosis & Interventions | Nurse.com

  https://www.nurse.com/clinical-guides/common-cold/?srsltid=AfmBOopI0VCoJ0mqpZhQG53YDJsqaMFTIlD-6V7XOQ-X4gAtmxrfxjlX

  The common cold is a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract. […] The primary goal of treatment is to reduce symptoms duration and severity. […] While there is no cure for the common cold, there are some ways to treat the symptoms. It is important to stay hydrated. […] Most individuals recover from the common cold without any treatment in 7 to 10 days. […] The assessment of an individual with a common cold may reveal a raspy or nasal quality voice. […] Common nursing diagnosis for the common cold include: Hyperthermia, Fatigue, Ineffective airway clearance, Infection, Pain. […] Nursing interventions for the common cold are based on symptom management. […] Patient education includes infection prevention and control practices, specifically hand washing, use of humidified air, hydrating with sufficient fluids, avoiding smoking or exposure to second-hand smoke, getting plenty of rest, administration of medications for symptom management, and follow-up with healthcare providers.

• #14 Common cold – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/common-cold/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351611

  You usually don’t need medical care for a common cold. But if symptoms get worse or don’t go away, see your health care provider. […] Most people with a common cold can be diagnosed by their symptoms. Your care provider may take a nasal or throat swab to rule out other illnesses. A chest X-ray may be ordered to rule out a lung illness. […] There’s no cure for the common cold. Most cases of the common cold get better without treatment within 7 to 10 days. But a cough may last a few more days. […] The best thing you can do is take care of yourself while your body heals. Care tips include: Rest. Drink plenty of liquids. Humidify the air. Use saline nasal rinses. […] Antibiotics do not treat cold viruses. They are used to treat illnesses caused by bacteria. […] Pain relievers you can buy without a prescription can lessen the discomfort of a sore throat, headache or fever.

• #15 How to Tell the Difference Between Cold, Flu, and COVID-19

  https://www.virtua.org/articles/how-to-tell-the-difference-between-cold-flu-and-covid-19

  Compared with the flu and COVID-19, the common cold usually doesn’t cause fever and has milder symptoms. […] Care tips: Stay hydrated and get plenty of rest. Taking over-the-counter (OTC) medicine can help manage your symptoms, too. […] The best way to prevent getting a cold, flu, or COVID-19 is to take precautions—wear a mask, practice social distancing, wash your hands frequently, and sanitize frequently touched surfaces. If you feel like you’re coming down with something, note your symptoms and contact your health care provider. […] If you’re feeling under the weather but hesitant to leave home, Virtua offers telehealth visits. Use your computer, tablet, or smartphone to start a telehealth visit. We’ll deliver your care remotely, and if necessary, guide you on the next steps for in-person treatment.

• #16 Self-Care for Cold Symptoms – CSU Health Network

  https://health.colostate.edu/self-care-for-cold-symptoms/

  Maintain a healthy, balanced diet. […] Quit smoking/vaping. Support is available. […] Drink alcohol in moderation or not at all. […] Colds are usually milder than the flu, and people with colds are more likely to have a runny or stuffy nose, often accompanied by sneezing. Sore throats can be common. Colds generally do not lead to more serious health problems, such as pneumonia, bacterial infections, or hospitalizations, but the flu can.

• #17 Manage Common Cold | Common Cold | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/common-cold/treatment/index.html

  The common cold has no cure but should improve on its own. […] Most people with cold symptoms (runny nose, cough, sore throat) will not require specific treatment. They can take steps to manage their symptoms and prevent spreading the virus. […] In most cases, your cold symptoms will get better on their own with time. […] Ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist about over-the-counter (OTC) medicines, such as pain relievers and fever reducers. These can lessen symptoms and help you feel better. […] OTC cough/cold medicines are not recommended for children younger than 6 years old and can result in serious and sometimes life-threatening side effects. […] If you or your child has symptoms of a respiratory virus and is at higher risk of severe illness from COVID-19 or flu, contact your healthcare provider right away even if your illness is mild. You might be eligible for early antiviral treatments that work best when started soon after symptoms begin. […] Seek medical care if you or your child has trouble breathing or fast breathing. […] This list is not all-inclusive. Please see a healthcare provider for any symptom that is severe or concerning.

• #18 Care of the Common Cold

  https://www.unco.edu/student-health-center/health-topics/care-of-the-common-cold.aspx

  The common cold is caused by a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract; the nose, throat, head, and chest. Most colds last about 7 days to 11 days and will gradually disappear with proper self care. Medical science has not found the „cure” for the common cold but there are some measures you can follow to minimize your discomfort. No known medication will shorten the duration of a cold; antibiotics are ineffective against the cold virus and flu shots will neither help nor prevent a cold. […] Non prescription medications such as antihistamines, decongestants, cough syrups, and aspirin can provide relief for the symptoms produced by the infection, but should be used judiciously and according to package instructions. Rest and stay warm, increase your hours of sleep. Eat a well-balanced diet. Increase your intake of fluids to relieve cough, tightness, and fever. Avoid alcohol. Gargle with warm salt water to ease the discomfort of a sore throat. Use hard candies or cough drops to soothe a dry throat and to inhibit coughing. Inhale steam from a hot bath or shower to relieve congestion in your nose, head, and chest. Take two Tylenol every four to five hours to help relieve the fever, aches, and pains. You may also use Ibuprofen in place of Tylenol. Avoid close contact during physical exercise until your symptoms disappear. Avoid smoking when you have a cold as it will cause further irritation to your upper respiratory tract.

• #19 Cold remedies: What works, what doesn’t, what can’t hurt

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/common-cold/in-depth/cold-remedies/art-20046403

  There’s no cure for the common cold. But what about cold remedies that claim to make you feel better faster? Find out what’s effective and what’s not. […] Cold remedies are almost as common as the common cold. But do they work? Nothing can cure a cold, which is caused by germs called viruses. But some remedies might help ease your symptoms and keep you from feeling so bad. Here’s a look at some common cold remedies and what’s known about them. […] If you catch a cold, expect to be sick for 1 to 2 weeks. That doesn’t mean you have to feel awful. The following might help you feel better: […] Drink plenty of fluids. Water, juice, clear broth or warm lemon water with honey helps loosen stuffiness, called congestion. These also help prevent losing too much fluid, called dehydration. Don’t drink alcohol, coffee and sodas with caffeine. They can make dehydration worse.

• #20 The Common Cold

  https://studenthealth.ucsd.edu/resources/health-topics/common-cold/index.html

  Colds have no cure, but symptoms should improve on their own. […] Self-care recommendations are aimed at symptom relief and immune system support. […] Self-care includes: Get plenty of rest, Drink plenty of fluids (avoid milk/dairy products), Avoid smoking/vaping, For sore throat, gargle with warm, salty water every 4-6 hours (mix teaspoon of salt or baking soda in 8 ounces of warm water). Throat lozenges can also be used. […] For nasal congestion, nasal saline rinses can be used 2-3 times per day to clear the nose. […] For sore throat, body aches, headache, or fever, over-the-counter acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Motrin) can be used. […] Antihistamines such as Claritin or Zyrtec and decongestants such as Sudafed may be used for runny nose, nasal congestion, and sneezing.

• #21 Treatment of the Common Cold | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2019/0901/p281.html

  Treatments with established effectiveness for cold symptoms in adults are limited to over-the-counter analgesics and decongestants with or without antihistamines (but not antihistamine monotherapy). […] Antibiotics are ineffective for treatment of the common cold in adults and children and should not be prescribed. […] Safe and effective treatments for cold symptoms in children include nasal saline irrigation, menthol rub, and honey (for children 12 months and older). […] The mucolytic acetylcysteine may safely decrease cough after six to seven days in children two years and older. […] Intranasal ipratropium may decrease rhinorrhea but not congestion related to URIs in children five years and older. […] The use of antihistamines, either alone or in combination with a decongestant, is no more effective than placebo, and the risk of harm is significant. […] Antibiotics provide no benefit for URI symptoms in terms of severity or duration. […] Neither dextromethorphan nor codeine relieves cough in children with URIs. […] Steam does not improve cold symptoms in children, and caution must be used to prevent burns.

• #22 Rhinovirus (RV) Infection (Common Cold) Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Supportive Care, Pharmacologic Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/227820-treatment

  Symptomatic treatment with analgesics, decongestants, antihistamines, and antitussives is the mainstay of therapy. […] Antibacterial agents are not effective unless bacterial superinfection occurs. […] Zinc has been studied extensively as a treatment for the common cold. […] Multiple meta-analyses have investigated the role of zinc in the treatment and prevention of the common cold. […] Dietary supplements have been touted as possible therapeutic or preventive measures. […] Some clinicians have advocated supplementation with vitamin C. […] Echinacea purpurea has been studied for the prevention of experimental colds but did not reduce rates of infection or severity of illness when compared with placebo. […] Because infection is spread by hand-to-hand contact, autoinoculation, and, possibly, aerosol particles, it is crucial to emphasize appropriate handwashing, avoidance of finger-to-eyes or finger-to-nose contact, and use of nasal tissue.

• #23 Common Cold: Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://www.nyp.org/primary-care/common-cold/treatment

  Herbal tea, broth, soup, and warm juice or water can help soothe a scratchy or sore throat. […] A comfortably warm room can help ensure your nasal and throat passages do not dry out further or become more irritated. […] Honey, whether on its own or mixed in with warm water or herbal tea, can help ease a sore or scratchy throat. […] You can take OTC acetaminophen (such as Tylenol) or OTC ibuprofen (such as Advil or Motrin) to treat more serious discomfort or pain. […] Over-the-counter salt water-based nasal sprays help loosen up mucus to relieve a stuffy nose. […] OTC cough syrups and cold medicines are intended to reduce the symptoms of a cough and cold, but some research has shown that they do not work any better than placebos to treat the common cold. […] Some studies show that zinc supplements can shorten the length of a cold, especially if taken within the first 24 to 48 hours of signs and symptoms.

• #24 Common cold

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/common-cold/

  vapour rubs to help ease chesty coughs in babies and small children. […] Do not use other cough and cold medicines if you’re also taking paracetamol and ibuprofen tablets as you may take more medicine than you should. […] Some cough and cold medicines are also not suitable for babies, children and pregnant women. […] GPs do not recommend antibiotics for colds because they will not relieve your symptoms or speed up your recovery. […] Colds are caused by viruses and easily spread to other people. […] To reduce the risk of spreading a cold: wash your hands often with warm water and soap […] use tissues to trap germs when you cough or sneeze […] bin used tissues as quickly as possible. […] The best ways to avoid catching a cold are: washing your hands with warm water and soap […] not sharing towels or household items (like cups or children’s toys) with someone who has a cold […] not touching your eyes or nose in case you’ve come into contact with the virus […] staying fit and healthy.

• #25 Common Cold: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/chest-lungs/cough-leaflet/common-cold-upper-respiratory-tract-infections

  Vapour rubs can be bought in pharmacies and supermarkets. Some people find they help with a blocked nose. […] Sucking sore throat lozenges (available from pharmacies and supermarkets) or boiled sweets may help to ease a sore throat. […] Warm drinks with honey and lemon may help to ease a sore throat. […] Salt (saline) nose drops are nose drops made of a salty solution which may help clear a blocked nose. […] Many other cold and cough remedies at pharmacies can be bought which are only suitable for adults and older children. […] It is important to remember that cold and cough remedies often contain several ingredients and therefore it is vital to be careful about taking more than one remedy due to the risk of taking too much of one ingredient. […] Antibiotics are not advised for the common cold as antibiotics do not kill viruses. The immune system can clear the infection.

• #26 Treatment of the Common Cold | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2019/0901/p281.html

  Treatments with established effectiveness for cold symptoms in adults are limited to over-the-counter analgesics and decongestants with or without antihistamines (but not antihistamine monotherapy). […] Antibiotics are ineffective for treatment of the common cold in adults and children and should not be prescribed. […] Safe and effective treatments for cold symptoms in children include nasal saline irrigation, menthol rub, and honey (for children 12 months and older). […] The mucolytic acetylcysteine may safely decrease cough after six to seven days in children two years and older. […] Intranasal ipratropium may decrease rhinorrhea but not congestion related to URIs in children five years and older. […] The use of antihistamines, either alone or in combination with a decongestant, is no more effective than placebo, and the risk of harm is significant. […] Antibiotics provide no benefit for URI symptoms in terms of severity or duration. […] Neither dextromethorphan nor codeine relieves cough in children with URIs. […] Steam does not improve cold symptoms in children, and caution must be used to prevent burns.

• #27 The Common Cold

  https://studenthealth.ucsd.edu/resources/health-topics/common-cold/index.html

  Colds have no cure, but symptoms should improve on their own. […] Self-care recommendations are aimed at symptom relief and immune system support. […] Self-care includes: Get plenty of rest, Drink plenty of fluids (avoid milk/dairy products), Avoid smoking/vaping, For sore throat, gargle with warm, salty water every 4-6 hours (mix teaspoon of salt or baking soda in 8 ounces of warm water). Throat lozenges can also be used. […] For nasal congestion, nasal saline rinses can be used 2-3 times per day to clear the nose. […] For sore throat, body aches, headache, or fever, over-the-counter acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Motrin) can be used. […] Antihistamines such as Claritin or Zyrtec and decongestants such as Sudafed may be used for runny nose, nasal congestion, and sneezing.

• #28 Patient education: The common cold in children (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/the-common-cold-in-children-beyond-the-basics/print

  Humidified air may improve symptoms of nasal congestion and runny nose. For infants, caregivers can try saline nose drops to thin the mucus, followed by bulb suction to temporarily remove nasal secretions. An older child may try using a saline nose spray. […] Honey may be helpful for nighttime cough in children older than 12 months. […] Caregivers should encourage their child to drink an adequate amount of fluids; it is not necessary to drink extra fluids. Children often have a reduced appetite during a cold and may eat less than usual. If an infant or child completely refuses to eat or drink for a prolonged period, the caregiver should contact their child’s health care provider. […] Antibiotics — Antibiotics are not effective in treating colds. They are necessary only if the cold is complicated by a bacterial infection, like an ear infection, pneumonia, or sinusitis. Caregivers who think their child has developed one of these infections should contact their child’s health care provider.

• #29 Common cold – how to treat at home Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/selfcare-instructions/common-cold-how-to-treat-at-home

  Treating your symptoms will not make your cold go away, but it will help you feel better. […] OTC cold and cough medicines may help ease symptoms in adults and older children. […] Many OTC multi-symptom cough and cold medicines use more than one medicine. […] To treat individual symptoms: A nasal decongestant can help relieve stuffiness and a runny nose. […] Here are other things you can do to help relieve a cold: Drink plenty of water and other fluids without caffeine. […] Gargle with warm salt water to help relieve a sore throat. […] A humidifier may help ease symptoms. […] Do not ask your provider for antibiotics to treat a common cold. Keep in mind that antibiotics kill bacteria. They will not treat a common cold, which is caused by a virus. […] Many home remedies are popular treatments for the common cold. These include vitamin C, zinc supplements, and echinacea. […] Although not proven to be helpful, most home remedies are safe for most people. […] Wash your hands often. This is the best way to stop the spread of germs. […] Stay home when you are sick. […] Try treating your cold at home first.

• #30 Cold remedies: What works, what doesn’t, what can’t hurt

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/common-cold/in-depth/cold-remedies/art-20046403

  Rest. Your body needs rest to heal. […] Sip warm liquids. Many cultures use warm liquids, such as chicken soup, tea or warm apple juice, for colds. Warm liquids might ease stuffiness by increasing mucus flow. […] Try honey. Honey may help coughs in adults and children who are older than age 1. Try it in warm tea or lemon water. […] Add cool moisture to the air. A cool-mist vaporizer or humidifier can add moisture to your home. Moisture might help ease stuffiness. Change the water daily. Clean the unit as the maker instructs. […] If you have a sore throat, using a saltwater gargle can relieve it for a while. Put 1/4 to 1/2 teaspoon salt in an 8-ounce glass of warm water. […] Saline nasal drops and sprays you can get without a prescription can help relieve stuffiness. […] Adults can take acetaminophen (Tylenol, others), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) or aspirin. Do not give children or teenagers aspirin.

• #31 Rhinovirus (RV) Infection (Common Cold) Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Supportive Care, Pharmacologic Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/227820-treatment

  Symptomatic treatment with analgesics, decongestants, antihistamines, and antitussives is the mainstay of therapy. […] Antibacterial agents are not effective unless bacterial superinfection occurs. […] Zinc has been studied extensively as a treatment for the common cold. […] Multiple meta-analyses have investigated the role of zinc in the treatment and prevention of the common cold. […] Dietary supplements have been touted as possible therapeutic or preventive measures. […] Some clinicians have advocated supplementation with vitamin C. […] Echinacea purpurea has been studied for the prevention of experimental colds but did not reduce rates of infection or severity of illness when compared with placebo. […] Because infection is spread by hand-to-hand contact, autoinoculation, and, possibly, aerosol particles, it is crucial to emphasize appropriate handwashing, avoidance of finger-to-eyes or finger-to-nose contact, and use of nasal tissue.

• #32 Acute Nasopharyngitis Nursing Care Planning and Management

  https://nurseslabs.com/acute-nasopharyngitis/

  Acute nasopharyngitis, commonly known as the common cold, is a highly prevalent viral infection that affects the upper respiratory tract, including the nose and throat. While generally self-limiting, acute nasopharyngitis can cause discomfort and inconvenience, and its management focuses on symptomatic relief and supportive care. […] A cold is often the parents first introduction to an illness in their infants. […] The major nursing care planning goals for a child with acute nasopharyngitis are: The patient will report increased energy. The patient will remain afebrile. The patient will expectorate sputum effectively. The patient will express feelings of comfort in maintaining air exchange. The patient will experience no further signs or symptoms of infection. […] Nursing interventions for a child with acute nasopharyngitis are: Positioning. Place the child in a semi-Fowlers position using pillows to facilitate lung expansion. Increase fluid intake. Encourage increased fluid intake to decrease the viscosity of secretions. Increase room humidity. Increase the humidity by using cool mist vaporizers to relieve stuffiness of the nose. Administer medications. Administer antibiotics as prescribed after a positive culture result. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: The patient reported increased energy. The patient is afebrile. The patient was able to expectorate sputum effectively. The patient expressed feelings of comfort in maintaining air exchange. The patient experienced no further signs or symptoms of infection.

• #33 Nursing Care Plan for Rhinovirus – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-rhinovirus/

  Nursing assessment for individuals with rhinovirus focuses on understanding the severity of symptoms, identifying potential complications, and providing supportive care. […] Nursing care for rhinovirus is focused on symptom management, preventing complications, and providing emotional support to the patient. Effective communication with the healthcare team, as well as patient education on self-care measures and infection control, are crucial to support recovery and prevent the spread of the virus to others. […] Nursing diagnoses for individuals with rhinovirus, commonly known as the common cold, are primarily focused on symptom management and preventing complications. […] Nursing care for individuals with rhinovirus, commonly known as the common cold, is centered on managing symptoms and providing support for a swift recovery.

• #34 Common Cold: Nursing Diagnosis & Interventions | Nurse.com

  https://www.nurse.com/clinical-guides/common-cold/?srsltid=AfmBOopI0VCoJ0mqpZhQG53YDJsqaMFTIlD-6V7XOQ-X4gAtmxrfxjlX

  The common cold is a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract. […] The primary goal of treatment is to reduce symptoms duration and severity. […] While there is no cure for the common cold, there are some ways to treat the symptoms. It is important to stay hydrated. […] Most individuals recover from the common cold without any treatment in 7 to 10 days. […] The assessment of an individual with a common cold may reveal a raspy or nasal quality voice. […] Common nursing diagnosis for the common cold include: Hyperthermia, Fatigue, Ineffective airway clearance, Infection, Pain. […] Nursing interventions for the common cold are based on symptom management. […] Patient education includes infection prevention and control practices, specifically hand washing, use of humidified air, hydrating with sufficient fluids, avoiding smoking or exposure to second-hand smoke, getting plenty of rest, administration of medications for symptom management, and follow-up with healthcare providers.

• #35 Acute Nasopharyngitis Nursing Care Planning and Management

  https://nurseslabs.com/acute-nasopharyngitis/

  Acute nasopharyngitis, commonly known as the common cold, is a highly prevalent viral infection that affects the upper respiratory tract, including the nose and throat. While generally self-limiting, acute nasopharyngitis can cause discomfort and inconvenience, and its management focuses on symptomatic relief and supportive care. […] A cold is often the parents first introduction to an illness in their infants. […] The major nursing care planning goals for a child with acute nasopharyngitis are: The patient will report increased energy. The patient will remain afebrile. The patient will expectorate sputum effectively. The patient will express feelings of comfort in maintaining air exchange. The patient will experience no further signs or symptoms of infection. […] Nursing interventions for a child with acute nasopharyngitis are: Positioning. Place the child in a semi-Fowlers position using pillows to facilitate lung expansion. Increase fluid intake. Encourage increased fluid intake to decrease the viscosity of secretions. Increase room humidity. Increase the humidity by using cool mist vaporizers to relieve stuffiness of the nose. Administer medications. Administer antibiotics as prescribed after a positive culture result. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: The patient reported increased energy. The patient is afebrile. The patient was able to expectorate sputum effectively. The patient expressed feelings of comfort in maintaining air exchange. The patient experienced no further signs or symptoms of infection.

• #36 nursing management of patients with common cold ppt.pptx

  https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/nursing-management-of-patients-with-common-cold-ppt-pptx/271870422

  5. There’s no cure for the common cold. […] […] 6. Drink plenty of liquids, humidify the air, use saline nasal rinses and get adequate rest. […] […] 7. Antihistamines – Persistent sore throat, without a runny or stuffy nose. […] […] 8. Pain relievers – acetaminophen or other mild pain relievers such as ibuprofen. […] […] 9. Nursing diagnosis: Ineffective breathing pattern related to the inflammatory process in the respiratory tract. […] […] 10. Nursing interventions: Place the person in a semi-Fowlers position using pillows to facilitate lung expansion. […] […] 11. Encourage increased fluid intake to decrease the viscosity of secretions. […] […] 12. Increase the humidity by using cool mist vaporizers to relieve stuffiness of the nose. […] […] 13. Administer antibiotics as prescribed after a positive culture result. […] […] 14. Steam inhalation.

• #37 Acute Nasopharyngitis Nursing Care Planning and Management

  https://nurseslabs.com/acute-nasopharyngitis/

  Acute nasopharyngitis, commonly known as the common cold, is a highly prevalent viral infection that affects the upper respiratory tract, including the nose and throat. While generally self-limiting, acute nasopharyngitis can cause discomfort and inconvenience, and its management focuses on symptomatic relief and supportive care. […] A cold is often the parents first introduction to an illness in their infants. […] The major nursing care planning goals for a child with acute nasopharyngitis are: The patient will report increased energy. The patient will remain afebrile. The patient will expectorate sputum effectively. The patient will express feelings of comfort in maintaining air exchange. The patient will experience no further signs or symptoms of infection. […] Nursing interventions for a child with acute nasopharyngitis are: Positioning. Place the child in a semi-Fowlers position using pillows to facilitate lung expansion. Increase fluid intake. Encourage increased fluid intake to decrease the viscosity of secretions. Increase room humidity. Increase the humidity by using cool mist vaporizers to relieve stuffiness of the nose. Administer medications. Administer antibiotics as prescribed after a positive culture result. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: The patient reported increased energy. The patient is afebrile. The patient was able to expectorate sputum effectively. The patient expressed feelings of comfort in maintaining air exchange. The patient experienced no further signs or symptoms of infection.

• #38 Nursing Care Plan For Colds | PDF | Diseases And Disorders | Medical Specialties

  https://www.scribd.com/doc/43110973/Nursing-Care-Plan-for-Colds

  The nursing care plan aims to improve the breathing pattern of a client experiencing difficulty breathing due to a cold. Key interventions include placing the client in a semi-fowlers position using pillows to facilitate lung expansion, encouraging increased fluid intake to decrease the viscosity of nasal discharges, and advising the client to take citrus fruits to boost their immune system. The goal is for the client to demonstrate an enhanced breathing pattern after 2-4 hours of nursing intervention. […] The nursing care plan aims to improve the breathing pattern of a client experiencing difficulty breathing due to a cold. Key interventions include placing the client in a semi-fowlers position using pillows to facilitate lung expansion, encouraging increased fluid intake to decrease the viscosity of nasal discharges, and advising the client to take citrus fruits to boost their immune system. The goal is for the client to demonstrate an enhanced breathing pattern after 2-4 hours of nursing intervention.

• #39 Common Cold: Nursing Diagnosis & Interventions | Nurse.com

  https://www.nurse.com/clinical-guides/common-cold/?srsltid=AfmBOopI0VCoJ0mqpZhQG53YDJsqaMFTIlD-6V7XOQ-X4gAtmxrfxjlX

  The common cold is a viral infection of the upper respiratory tract. […] The primary goal of treatment is to reduce symptoms duration and severity. […] While there is no cure for the common cold, there are some ways to treat the symptoms. It is important to stay hydrated. […] Most individuals recover from the common cold without any treatment in 7 to 10 days. […] The assessment of an individual with a common cold may reveal a raspy or nasal quality voice. […] Common nursing diagnosis for the common cold include: Hyperthermia, Fatigue, Ineffective airway clearance, Infection, Pain. […] Nursing interventions for the common cold are based on symptom management. […] Patient education includes infection prevention and control practices, specifically hand washing, use of humidified air, hydrating with sufficient fluids, avoiding smoking or exposure to second-hand smoke, getting plenty of rest, administration of medications for symptom management, and follow-up with healthcare providers.

• #40 Nursing Care Plan for Rhinovirus – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-rhinovirus/

  Nursing care for rhinovirus is mainly focused on relieving symptoms, preventing complications, and promoting a speedy recovery. Effective communication with the healthcare team, as well as patient education on self-care measures and infection control, are essential to support the patients well-being and minimize the spread of the virus to others. […] Nursing care plays a crucial role in symptom management, support for a swift recovery, and prevention of complications. […] Nursing care is instrumental in promoting the well-being and comfort of individuals with rhinovirus.

• #41 Common colds: Symptoms, causes, complications, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/166606

  The common cold is a viral infection that affects the upper respiratory tract. Treatment is usually with home remedies, such as rest and drinking warm fluids. […] People with a weakened immune system may develop more severe symptoms or a secondary infection, such as pneumonia. If a person develops more serious symptoms, they should seek medical help. […] A cold is not usually serious, and colds mostly disappear after 710 days. Sometimes, however, complications can occur. These are most likely to affect those with a weakened immune system. […] There is no cure for a cold, but treatment can help manage symptoms. […] Most people do not need to consult a doctor for a cold. However, if symptoms worsen or become more serious, this may be a sign of a complication. […] A person should seek medical advice if: a cold lasts longer than 10 days; a child is under 3 months of age and has a fever or lethargy; symptoms are severe or unusual; there is a high fever.

• #42 Common Cold: Symptoms, Treatment, and Recovery

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/cold-7152003

  Colds are often mild, and most people do not require medical attention for a cold; they usually resolve quickly and without complications. However, sometimes colds can develop into something more serious. […] If you or your child experiences the following, you should see a healthcare provider: Trouble breathing or rapid breathing, Symptoms of dehydration (feeling thirsty, having a dry nose and mouth, dizziness, headache, confusion), Fever lasting more than four days, Symptoms not improving after 10 days, Symptoms that improve but then get worse, Worsening of chronic medical conditions. […] In addition, if you have certain underlying medical conditions predisposing you to complications, like asthma or lung disease, or are immunocompromised, you should take extra care to watch for early signs of complications and be in touch with a healthcare provider.

• #43 Common Cold: Symptoms, Treatment, and Recovery

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/cold-7152003

  Complications associated with the common cold include: Acute otitis media (middle ear infection), Sinus infection, Olfactory (sense of smell) disorders (parosmia, phantosmia, hyposmia, or anosmia), Croup, Bronchitis, Pneumonia, Asthma attacks, Worsening chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Worsening cystic fibrosis. […] Complications from a cold can happen to anyone, but they are more common in older people, children, people with lung disease, and those who are immunocompromised. […] While you can’t always prevent catching a cold, there are some ways to lessen the chances. Prevention strategies include: Avoiding close contact with people who are sick, Washing your hands frequently, Covering your mouth and nose when sneezing or coughing, Avoiding touching your face, especially your eyes, nose, and mouth, Avoiding smoking and secondhand smoke.

• #44 Common Cold | Loma Linda University Children’s Health

  https://lluch.org/conditions/common-cold

  There is no cure for the common cold. Most children recover from colds on their own. Antibiotics dont work against viral infections, so they are not prescribed. Instead, treatment is focused on helping ease your childs symptoms until the illness passes. […] Some of the complications that might occur if your child gets a cold include: Ear infections, Sinus infections, Pneumonia, Throat infections. […] To help children stay healthy: Keep children away from people with a cold. Teach children to wash their hands often. […] Contact your childs healthcare provider right away if your infant is 3 months or younger and has cold symptoms. […] The common cold is one of the most common illnesses. Most children will have at least 6 to 8 colds a year. […] There is no cure for the common cold. The goal of treatment is to ease symptoms until your child feels better. […] Colds can be prevented by washing hands often.

• #45 Common Cold (Rhinovirus): Symptoms, Cold vs. Flu, Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/12342-common-cold

  The best way to prevent your baby from catching a cold is to keep them away from people who have colds. […] Most colds go away on their own within seven to 10 days. Most people recover quickly and the common cold doesnt lead to anything more serious. […] Contact a healthcare provider if you have any of the following symptoms: High fever. Chest pain. Ear pain. Asthma flare-up or difficulty breathing. Symptoms lasting more than 10 days or getting worse. […] Call your babys healthcare provider or go to the nearest emergency room if your baby: Develops a high fever. Stops eating. Is vomiting. Has ear or stomach pain. Cries more than usual. Is sleepier than usual. Starts wheezing. Has trouble breathing.

• #46 The Common Cold

  https://studenthealth.ucsd.edu/resources/health-topics/common-cold/index.html

  Most cold symptoms do not require a healthcare visit, but sometimes colds may lead to secondary bacterial infections or worsening of chronic conditions such as asthma, for which prescription medication would be necessary. […] It is important to seek medical attention if symptoms are not improving after 7-10 days, or for any of the following symptoms: Sore throat that doesn’t improve after 3 days or that is accompanied by fever without other cold symptoms, Sore throat that is accompanied by fever, inability to swallow saliva, swollen glands, or vomiting, Painful swelling of the lymph nodes or glands in the neck, Pain or tenderness around the eyes, Cough with production of a large amount of discolored mucus, Cough accompanied by difficulty breathing, fast breathing, wheezing, or fever, Cough that persists more than 2 weeks, Painful breathing, wheezing, or shortness of breath, Severe headache or facial pain not relieved by over-the-counter medications, Fever greater than 100.4 F (38 C) for more than 3 days or high fever (103 F / 39.4 C), Acute worsening of chronic medical conditions.

• #47 Common Cold | Viral Infection | MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/commoncold.html

  The common cold is a mild infection of your upper respiratory tract (which includes your nose and throat). Colds are probably the most common illness. Adults have an average of 2-3 colds per year, and children have even more. Colds are more common in the winter and spring, but you can get them at any time. […] There is no cure for the common cold. But there are treatments that can make you feel better while you wait for the cold to go away on its own: Getting lots of rest. Drinking plenty of fluids. Using a clean humidifier or cool mist vaporizer. Gargling with warm salt water. Using saline nose drops or sprays. Taking over-the-counter pain or cold and cough medicines. […] Most people who have a cold will feel better after a week or two. However, some people who get a cold may develop other illnesses, such as bronchitis or pneumonia. This is more common in people with weakened immune systems, asthma, or other respiratory conditions. Contact your provider if you or your child have symptoms that concern you, such as: Trouble breathing or fast breathing, Dehydration, Fever that lasts longer than 4 days, Symptoms that last more than 10 days without improvement, Symptoms, such as fever or cough, that improve but then return or worsen, Worsening of chronic medical conditions.

• #48 Common Cold (Rhinovirus): Symptoms, Cold vs. Flu, Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/12342-common-cold

  The best way to prevent your baby from catching a cold is to keep them away from people who have colds. […] Most colds go away on their own within seven to 10 days. Most people recover quickly and the common cold doesnt lead to anything more serious. […] Contact a healthcare provider if you have any of the following symptoms: High fever. Chest pain. Ear pain. Asthma flare-up or difficulty breathing. Symptoms lasting more than 10 days or getting worse. […] Call your babys healthcare provider or go to the nearest emergency room if your baby: Develops a high fever. Stops eating. Is vomiting. Has ear or stomach pain. Cries more than usual. Is sleepier than usual. Starts wheezing. Has trouble breathing.

• #49 Colds: Home Care (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/common-cold-sheet.html

  Never give cough or cold medicine to children under 6 years old. Call a doctor first about giving these to older kids. […] Never give aspirin to a child. Such use is linked to a rare but serious illness called Reye syndrome. […] Honey can help with a cough, but do not give honey to children under 1 year old. […] Call the doctor if your child has: cold symptoms that get worse or last more than a week; a barking cough or a cough that is severe and happens in spasms; trouble breathing; a high fever and appears ill; or any fever in a baby 3 months old or younger; a fever that lasts 5 days or more; a sore throat that makes it hard to eat and drink; a bad headache that doesn’t go away after acetaminophen or ibuprofen; a stiff neck. […] Remind kids to: Avoid people who are sick; Avoid smokers (secondhand smoke increases kids’ risk of getting sick); Wash their hands well and often, especially after nose-blowing and playing with other kids; Sneeze and cough into their elbow or a tissue not their hands; Eat a healthy diet and get enough sleep.

• #50 Treatment of the Common Cold | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2019/0901/p281.html

  Patient information: See related handouts on treating common colds in adults and treating common colds in children, written by the authors of this article. […] Informing patients about the self-limited nature of the common cold can help manage expectations, limit antibiotic use, and avoid over-the-counter purchases that may not help. […] Counseling patients about the importance of good hand hygiene is the best way to prevent transmission of cold viruses. […] The primary goals of treatment are reduction of symptom duration and severity. […] Over-the-counter cold medications should not be used to treat children younger than four years because of lack of benefit and low but significant mortality rates associated with their use in this population. […] The use of hand sanitizer or hand washing is the most effective way to prevent the common cold.

• #51 Common Cold | Viral Infection | MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/commoncold.html

  There is no vaccine to protect against the common cold. But you may be able to reduce your risk of getting or spreading a cold by: Washing your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. Avoiding touching your face, nose, or mouth with unwashed hands. Avoiding close contact, such as kissing, shaking hands, and sharing cups and eating utensils, with others if you are sick or they are sick. Cleaning and disinfecting surfaces that you frequently touch. Covering coughs and sneezes with a tissue. Then throw away the tissue and wash your hands. Staying home when sick.

• #52 Common cold

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/common-cold/

  vapour rubs to help ease chesty coughs in babies and small children. […] Do not use other cough and cold medicines if you’re also taking paracetamol and ibuprofen tablets as you may take more medicine than you should. […] Some cough and cold medicines are also not suitable for babies, children and pregnant women. […] GPs do not recommend antibiotics for colds because they will not relieve your symptoms or speed up your recovery. […] Colds are caused by viruses and easily spread to other people. […] To reduce the risk of spreading a cold: wash your hands often with warm water and soap […] use tissues to trap germs when you cough or sneeze […] bin used tissues as quickly as possible. […] The best ways to avoid catching a cold are: washing your hands with warm water and soap […] not sharing towels or household items (like cups or children’s toys) with someone who has a cold […] not touching your eyes or nose in case you’ve come into contact with the virus […] staying fit and healthy.

• #53 A Common-Sense Guide to the Common Cold for Older Adults

  https://www.ncoa.org/article/a-common-sense-guide-to-the-common-cold-for-older-adults/

  What helps the elderly with a cold? If you’re wondering how to treat a common cold at home, it’s important to understand there are no medicines to cure a cold. Rather, most colds run their course and naturally resolve within a week or two. In older adults who are in poor health, symptoms may last longer. […] Certain over-the-counter medications such as NSAIDs (e.g. ibuprofen, acetaminophen), decongestants, and antihistamines can provide short-term relief from your symptoms. However, it’s best to talk to your doctor first to find out what they recommend. […] Colds are very contagious. They spread through droplets of virus-containing fluid, such as the ones you produce when you sneeze or cough. […] The steps to prevent colds are very similar to the ones we’ve been taking during the pandemic to prevent COVID-19. Most important is washing your hands frequently using soap and water, for at least 20 seconds.

• #54 Rhinovirus (Common Cold) | Disease Outbreak Control Division

  https://health.hawaii.gov/docd/disease_listing/rhinovirus/

  The rhinovirus is the most predominant cause of the common cold. The common cold is the main reason children miss school and adults miss work. Adults have an average of 2-3 colds per year, and children may have even more. […] Symptoms of the common cold caused by the rhinovirus include sore throat, runny nose, coughing, sneezing, watery eyes, headaches, and body aches. Infants and children may develop fever, and otitis media. Infants may develop more severe disease such as croup, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. Rhinoviruses may trigger asthma attacks. […] There is no specific treatment for rhinovirus infections. Treatments include over-the-counter medicine to help with symptom relief, resting, and drinking plenty of fluids. […] To reduce the risk of spreading and getting infected with the rhinovirus, wash hands often with soap and water, avoid touching your face with unwashed hands, cover your mouth and nose when coughing and sneezing (cough into a tissue or your upper shirt sleeve), and disinfect objects and surfaces regularly.

• #55

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/flu/Pages/caring-for-Your-childs-cold-or-flu.aspx

  Unfortunately, there’s no cure for the common cold. […] The best you can do is to make your child comfortable. […] Make sure your child gets extra rest and drinks plenty of water or other liquids. […] Be sure to report back if their symptoms do not get better each day or are not all better after one week. […] Consider putting a humidifier or vaporizer in your child’s room. This helps moisten the air and may help clear your child’s nasal passages. […] If your child has a fever and is very uncomfortable, give them a medication with just one ingredient either acetaminophen or ibuprofen. […] Always call your pediatrician before giving medicine to a child under 2 years of age and call right away if your child is under three months of age and has a fever. […] Over-the-counter (OTC) cough and cold medicines should NOT be given to infants and children under 4 years of age because of the risk of dangerous side effects.

• #56 Colds: Home Care (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/common-cold-sheet.html

  Kids can get eight colds a year or more. The common cold sends more kids to the doctor than any other illness. […] Colds are caused by viruses found in the air and on the things we touch. Antibiotics can’t treat viruses, so they won’t help cold symptoms. But you can help your child feel better while the illness runs its course. […] Ease discomfort with: acetaminophen or ibuprofen, following the package directions for how much to give and how often; a cool-mist humidifier or steamy bathroom; saline (saltwater) drops or spray for a congested nose; gentle suctioning of nasal mucus using a bulb syringe in infants; nose-blowing when kids are old enough to. […] Offer lots of liquids breast milk or formula for babies; water, electrolyte solutions, and diluted juice for older kids, but no caffeinated beverages.

• #57 Colds in kids: 7 tips for treating the common cold | Texas Children’s

  https://www.texaschildrens.org/content/wellness/7-tips-for-common-cold

  Despite its name, the “common” cold is one of the most bothersome childhood illnesses. Colds are upper respiratory infections caused by viruses. More than 200 viruses can cause colds, the most common being rhinovirus. These viruses cause common cold symptoms by infecting the nose (causing a stuffy nose), throat (causing sore throats and coughs) and sometimes the lungs (causing cough and wheezing) and eyes (causing pink eye). Your child may have a fever (temperature higher than 100.4°F), particularly during the first 3 days of getting sick. (If your child has a high fever or a fever that comes on quickly, it might be the flu.) […] While there’s no cure for the common cold, symptoms usually resolve with at-home cold treatments and self-care. Colds usually don’t require prescription cold medicines, and antibiotics aren’t effective on viruses.

• #58 A Common-Sense Guide to the Common Cold for Older Adults

  https://www.ncoa.org/article/a-common-sense-guide-to-the-common-cold-for-older-adults/

  The common cold refers to a mild infection of the nose and throat, most often caused by a virus. […] Even a minor cold can be dangerous for older adults, whose immune systems don’t fight off pathogens as effectively as they once did. […] As we get older, our immune system can’t fend off infections as well as it did when we were younger. That’s why cold and flu season, also known as the fall/winter virus season, is a particularly dangerous time of year for people age 65 and older. Even a seemingly mild cold can pose a health threat to older adults. It can lead to pneumonia, an acute illness that takes the lives of thousands of people in the U.S. each year. Additionally, if you have a chronic condition such as asthma, COPD, or emphysema, a cold can intensify the symptoms from those conditions for several weeks after your cold symptoms have resolved.

• #59 A Common-Sense Guide to the Common Cold for Older Adults

  https://www.ncoa.org/article/a-common-sense-guide-to-the-common-cold-for-older-adults/

  What helps the elderly with a cold? If you’re wondering how to treat a common cold at home, it’s important to understand there are no medicines to cure a cold. Rather, most colds run their course and naturally resolve within a week or two. In older adults who are in poor health, symptoms may last longer. […] Certain over-the-counter medications such as NSAIDs (e.g. ibuprofen, acetaminophen), decongestants, and antihistamines can provide short-term relief from your symptoms. However, it’s best to talk to your doctor first to find out what they recommend. […] Colds are very contagious. They spread through droplets of virus-containing fluid, such as the ones you produce when you sneeze or cough. […] The steps to prevent colds are very similar to the ones we’ve been taking during the pandemic to prevent COVID-19. Most important is washing your hands frequently using soap and water, for at least 20 seconds.

• #60 Cold Remedies for Nursing Moms – Kids Plus Pediatrics

  https://www.kidsplus.com/parent-resources/doctors-notes/cold-remedies-for-nursing-moms/

  Colds are never fun and trying to mother with a cold can be downright difficult. If you are not feeling well with runny nose and cough, lots of fluids and rest is always a good recipe for getting back to normal. Cold symptoms last 6-10 days with symptoms peaking on day 4-5 and subsiding by day 7-10. If your symptoms are worsening by 7 days into a cold, you should see your doctor. If you run a fever beyond 3-4 days, medical care should be sought. […] It is safe to continue to breastfeed even when you are ill unless your doctor advises otherwise. Your body will produce antibodies that pass into your milk and protect your infant from your infection. […] A Neti Pot is recommended for people with allergies or sinus problems, and works to clear the nasal passages during the common cold. Since it only uses water and the mother is not actually ingesting anything, it is very safe for a nursing mom.

• #61 Cold Remedies for Nursing Moms – Kids Plus Pediatrics

  https://www.kidsplus.com/parent-resources/doctors-notes/cold-remedies-for-nursing-moms/

  Colds are never fun and trying to mother with a cold can be downright difficult. If you are not feeling well with runny nose and cough, lots of fluids and rest is always a good recipe for getting back to normal. Cold symptoms last 6-10 days with symptoms peaking on day 4-5 and subsiding by day 7-10. If your symptoms are worsening by 7 days into a cold, you should see your doctor. If you run a fever beyond 3-4 days, medical care should be sought. […] It is safe to continue to breastfeed even when you are ill unless your doctor advises otherwise. Your body will produce antibodies that pass into your milk and protect your infant from your infection. […] A Neti Pot is recommended for people with allergies or sinus problems, and works to clear the nasal passages during the common cold. Since it only uses water and the mother is not actually ingesting anything, it is very safe for a nursing mom.

• #62 Common Cold Treatment | Mass General Brigham

  https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/about/newsroom/articles/common-cold-treatment

  The common cold is aptly named because chances are, youve had it many times in your life. […] Colds are an infection of your upper respiratory tract, including your nose and throat. […] Dr. Shenoy shares tips on treatment options and prevention for this very common illness. […] Signs and symptoms of a common cold include: Sneezing, Stuffy or runny nose (mucus may be clear, white, yellow, or green), or sinus pressure, Sore throat, Coughing, Headache, Fever. […] In the vast majority of cases, we never test for, or determine, which virus caused common cold symptoms because its not needed, says Dr. Shenoy. […] Most common colds gradually get better on their own without treatment, but it can take some time for a cold to run its course. […] To feel better while youre fighting a cold, try the following: Drink lots of water, Get plenty of rest, Run a humidifier or vaporizer to increase the amount of moisture in the air, Use saline nasal spray or drops, Breathe in steam during a hot shower, Use throat lozenges or cough drops, Take over-the-counter medicines to relieve symptoms in adults. […] The CDC is a great resource for the latest guidance on respiratory viruses. […] Practice good hand hygiene.

• #63 Nursing Care Plan for Rhinovirus – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-rhinovirus/

  Nursing care for rhinovirus is mainly focused on relieving symptoms, preventing complications, and promoting a speedy recovery. Effective communication with the healthcare team, as well as patient education on self-care measures and infection control, are essential to support the patients well-being and minimize the spread of the virus to others. […] Nursing care plays a crucial role in symptom management, support for a swift recovery, and prevention of complications. […] Nursing care is instrumental in promoting the well-being and comfort of individuals with rhinovirus.

• #64 Acute Nasopharyngitis Nursing Care Planning and Management

  https://nurseslabs.com/acute-nasopharyngitis/

  Acute nasopharyngitis, commonly known as the common cold, is a highly prevalent viral infection that affects the upper respiratory tract, including the nose and throat. While generally self-limiting, acute nasopharyngitis can cause discomfort and inconvenience, and its management focuses on symptomatic relief and supportive care. […] A cold is often the parents first introduction to an illness in their infants. […] The major nursing care planning goals for a child with acute nasopharyngitis are: The patient will report increased energy. The patient will remain afebrile. The patient will expectorate sputum effectively. The patient will express feelings of comfort in maintaining air exchange. The patient will experience no further signs or symptoms of infection. […] Nursing interventions for a child with acute nasopharyngitis are: Positioning. Place the child in a semi-Fowlers position using pillows to facilitate lung expansion. Increase fluid intake. Encourage increased fluid intake to decrease the viscosity of secretions. Increase room humidity. Increase the humidity by using cool mist vaporizers to relieve stuffiness of the nose. Administer medications. Administer antibiotics as prescribed after a positive culture result. […] Goals are met as evidenced by: The patient reported increased energy. The patient is afebrile. The patient was able to expectorate sputum effectively. The patient expressed feelings of comfort in maintaining air exchange. The patient experienced no further signs or symptoms of infection.

• #65 Prevention and treatment of the common cold: making sense of the evidence

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3928210/

  The best evidence for the prevention of the common cold supports physical interventions (e.g., handwashing) and possibly the use of zinc supplements. The best evidence for traditional treatments supports the use of acetaminophen and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (for pain and fever) and possibly antihistamine-decongestant combinations and intranasal ipratropium. Ibuprofen appears to be superior to acetaminophen for the treatment of fever in children. The best evidence for nontraditional treatments of the common cold supports the use of oral zinc supplements in adults and honey at bedtime for cough in children over one year.

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