Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Prediabetes – StatPearls – NCBI BookshelfTwitterFacebookLinkedInGitHubNCBI Insights BlogTwitterFacebookYoutube

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459332/

  Prediabetes is a precursor before the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Adults with prediabetes often may show no signs or symptoms of diabetes but will have blood sugar levels higher than normal. The normal blood glucose level is between 70 mg/dL to 99 mg/dL. In patients with prediabetes, you can expect to see blood glucose levels elevated between 110 mg/dL to – 125 mg/dL. This activity reviews the cause and pathophysiology of prediabetes and stresses the importance of the interprofessional team in its management. […] Lifestyle changes through improved nutrition and physical activity are the firstline treatment for preventing the transition from prediabetes to diabetes which can be as high as 70%. […] The most important management in prediabetes is a lifestyle change and promotion of intense weight loss. Reducing weight by 7% through a low-fat diet, in addition to an exercise regimen of about 30 minutes per day, is the overall goal of management.

• #2 Diabetes Diagnosis & Tests | ADA

  https://diabetes.org/about-diabetes/diagnosis

  Before people develop type 2 diabetes, they almost always have prediabetes blood glucose levels that are higher than normal but not yet high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes. […] Doctors sometimes refer to prediabetes as impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or impaired fasting glucose (IFG), depending on what test was used when it was detected. This condition puts you at a higher risk for developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. […] If you have prediabetes, you should be checked for type 2 diabetes every one to two years. […] Results indicating prediabetes are: An A1C of 5.7-6.4%, Fasting blood glucose of 100-125 mg/dL, An OGTT two-hour blood glucose of 140-199 mg/dL. […] You will not develop type 2 diabetes automatically if you have prediabetes. For some people with prediabetes, early treatment can actually return blood glucose levels to the normal range. […] Research shows that you can lower your risk for type 2 diabetes by 58% by: Losing 7% of your body weight (or 15 pounds if you weigh 200 pounds), Exercising moderately (such as brisk walking) 30 minutes a day, five days a week.

• #3 Prediabetes: What Is It, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21498-prediabetes

  Prediabetes is a warning of Type 2 diabetes. It means your blood sugar levels are elevated but not enough to be Type 2 diabetes. There are lifestyle changes you can make to manage or reverse prediabetes, like getting more physical activity and adjusting eating patterns and habits. […] The best way to treat and potentially reverse prediabetes is through healthy lifestyle changes. Regularly eating nutritious foods and getting regular exercise can help return your blood sugar to healthy levels and prevent or delay Type 2 diabetes. […] Lowering your risk factors for prediabetes can often get your blood sugar levels back to healthy levels. […] Its important to talk to your primary care provider about screening for prediabetes. […] If you receive a prediabetes diagnosis, youll need to make lifestyle changes to manage or reverse it.

• #4 Prediabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/prediabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20355278

  Prediabetes means you have a higher than normal blood sugar level. It’s not high enough to be considered type 2 diabetes yet. But without lifestyle changes, adults and children with prediabetes are at high risk to develop type 2 diabetes. […] If you have prediabetes, the long-term damage of diabetes especially to your heart, blood vessels and kidneys may already be starting. There’s good news, however. Progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes isn’t inevitable. […] Eating healthy foods, making physical activity part of your daily routine and staying at a healthy weight can help bring your blood sugar level back to normal. The same lifestyle changes that can help prevent type 2 diabetes in adults might also help bring children’s blood sugar levels back to normal. […] Reversing insulin resistance and preventing type two diabetes is possible through lifestyle changes, medication, or sometimes both. Healthy bodies come in different shapes and sizes. Losing weight through drastic means can be dangerous and counterproductive. Instead, get ideas from a doctor or a nutritionist about ways to incorporate healthy foods like fruits, vegetables, nuts, beans, and lean proteins into your meals. Also, consider incorporating exercise and movement into your day-to-day life in ways that make you feel good. […] Even though permanently defeating insulin resistance isn’t always possible, you can help your body to be more receptive to insulin. Listen to your body, reduce stress, give it the nutrition and activity it desires.

• #5 The Surprising Truth About Prediabetes | Diabetes | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/prevention-type-2/truth-about-prediabetes.html

  Prediabetes is a serious health condition. People with prediabetes have higher blood sugar than normal, but not high enough yet for a diabetes diagnosis. Prediabetes puts you at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. […] You can have prediabetes for years without symptoms. This means you likely won’t know you have prediabetes until serious health problems show up. […] People with prediabetes have a higher risk of heart disease and stroke. The risk of serious health problems increases even more for people with diabetes. […] Think of prediabetes as a fork in the road. If you ignore it, your risk for type 2 diabetes goes up. Lose a modest amount of weight and get regular physical activity, and your risk goes down. […] If you have prediabetes, ask your health care provider about the National DPP lifestyle change program. The best time to prevent type 2 diabetes is now.

• #6

  https://christianacare.org/us/en/care/specialty-care/diabetes/prediabetes.html

  Prediabetes increases your risk of developing type 2 diabetes. […] If you have prediabetes, your blood glucose (sugar) levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as type 2 diabetes. […] Prediabetes increases your risk of developing type 2 diabetes, which can lead to: Heart attack. Stroke. Blindness. Kidney failure. Lower limb amputation. […] 9 out of 10 people with prediabetes dont know they have it. […] Youre at risk for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes if you: Are over age 45. Are overweight. Have a family history of type 2 diabetes. Exercise fewer than three times a week. Had diabetes while pregnant (gestational diabetes) or gave birth to a baby weighing 9 pounds or more. […] PreventT2 is a one-year lifestyle program that will help you lower the risk of getting type 2 diabetes.

• #7 Prediabetes – Your Chance to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes | Diabetes | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/prevention-type-2/prediabetes-prevent-type-2.html

  Prediabetes is a serious health condition that increases your risk of developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. […] If you have prediabetes, the CDC-led National Diabetes Prevention Program lifestyle change program can help. When you join, you’ll learn to make lifestyle changes that lower your risk and improve your health. […] If you have prediabetes, you can lower your risk for developing type 2 diabetes by: Losing a small amount of weight if you have overweight. […] The CDC-led National Diabetes Prevention Program can help you make those changes and make them stick. Through the program, you can lower your risk for type 2 diabetes by 58% (71% if you’re over age 60). […] Ask your doctor if there’s a CDC-recognized National Diabetes Prevention Program offered in your community, or find a program. The best time to prevent type 2 diabetes is now.

• #8

  https://christianacare.org/us/en/care/specialty-care/diabetes/prediabetes.html

  Prediabetes increases your risk of developing type 2 diabetes. […] If you have prediabetes, your blood glucose (sugar) levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as type 2 diabetes. […] Prediabetes increases your risk of developing type 2 diabetes, which can lead to: Heart attack. Stroke. Blindness. Kidney failure. Lower limb amputation. […] 9 out of 10 people with prediabetes dont know they have it. […] Youre at risk for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes if you: Are over age 45. Are overweight. Have a family history of type 2 diabetes. Exercise fewer than three times a week. Had diabetes while pregnant (gestational diabetes) or gave birth to a baby weighing 9 pounds or more. […] PreventT2 is a one-year lifestyle program that will help you lower the risk of getting type 2 diabetes.

• #9 Recommendation: Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce

  https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/screening-for-prediabetes-and-type-2-diabetes

  The USPSTF recommends screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in adults aged 35 to 70 years who have overweight or obesity. […] Clinicians should offer or refer patients with prediabetes to effective preventive interventions. […] The optimal screening interval for adults with an initial normal glucose test result is uncertain. Screening every 3 years may be a reasonable approach for adults with normal blood glucose levels. […] Overweight and obesity are the strongest risk factors for developing prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in adults. […] Both lifestyle interventions that focus on diet, physical activity, or both and metformin have demonstrated efficacy in preventing or delaying progression to diabetes in persons with prediabetes. […] The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) study found that lifestyle intervention was more effective than metformin in preventing or delaying diabetes. […] The USPSTF recognizes that clinical decisions involve more considerations than evidence alone. Clinicians should understand the evidence but individualize decision making to the specific patient or situation.

• #10 Prediabetes – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/prediabetes/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355284

  The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends that diabetes screening for most adults begin at age 35. […] If you have prediabetes, your health care provider will typically check your blood sugar levels at least once a year. […] Healthy lifestyle choices can help you bring your blood sugar level back to normal, or at least keep it from rising toward the levels seen in type 2 diabetes. […] To prevent prediabetes from progressing to type 2 diabetes, try to: […] Children with prediabetes should follow the lifestyle changes recommended for adults with type 2 diabetes, including: […] Medication generally isn’t recommended for children with prediabetes unless lifestyle changes aren’t improving blood sugar levels.

• #11 Diabetes Diagnosis & Tests | ADA

  https://diabetes.org/about-diabetes/diagnosis

  Before people develop type 2 diabetes, they almost always have prediabetes blood glucose levels that are higher than normal but not yet high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes. […] Doctors sometimes refer to prediabetes as impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or impaired fasting glucose (IFG), depending on what test was used when it was detected. This condition puts you at a higher risk for developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. […] If you have prediabetes, you should be checked for type 2 diabetes every one to two years. […] Results indicating prediabetes are: An A1C of 5.7-6.4%, Fasting blood glucose of 100-125 mg/dL, An OGTT two-hour blood glucose of 140-199 mg/dL. […] You will not develop type 2 diabetes automatically if you have prediabetes. For some people with prediabetes, early treatment can actually return blood glucose levels to the normal range. […] Research shows that you can lower your risk for type 2 diabetes by 58% by: Losing 7% of your body weight (or 15 pounds if you weigh 200 pounds), Exercising moderately (such as brisk walking) 30 minutes a day, five days a week.

• #12 Diabetes Mellitus Nursing Care Plans: 20 Nursing Diagnosis – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/diabetes-mellitus-nursing-care-plans/

  Utilize this comprehensive nursing care plan and management guide to provide effective care for patients experiencing diabetes mellitus. Gain valuable insights on nursing assessment, interventions, goals, and nursing diagnosis specifically tailored for patients with diabetes mellitus in this guide. […] The criteria for the screening and diagnosis of prediabetes and diabetes are as follows: A1C 5.7-6.4% for prediabetes and 6.5% or greater for diabetes. […] Nursing care planning goals for patients with diabetes include effective treatment to normalize blood glucose levels and decrease complications using insulin replacement, a balanced diet, and exercise. […] The following are the nursing priorities for patients with diabetes: Glycemic control, managing and maintaining blood glucose levels through medication, diet, and lifestyle modifications.

• #13 Prediabetes | UI Health

  https://hospital.uillinois.edu/primary-and-specialty-care/diabetes-and-endocrinology/diabetes-center/prediabetes

  Prediabetes is a condition where the blood sugar level is higher than normal but not yet in the diabetes range. Prediabetes is a sign of risk of developing type 2 diabetes. […] Individuals are considered to have prediabetes when fasting blood sugar or glucose levels are between 100-125 mg/dL; fasting blood sugar/glucose levels above 125 mg/dL are in the diabetes range and can require treatment. […] There are often no signs or symptoms of prediabetes, and in many cases patients are unaware they have prediabetes unless they are screened. […] Our program screens diabetes or prediabetes in asymptomatic adults in accordance with the ADA Standards of Care 2022. A patient may have diabetes or prediabetes if they have the following: […] Patients with prediabetes (A1C less than or equal to 5.7%) impaired glucose tolerance, or impaired fasting glucose should be tested yearly.

• #14 Diabetes Diagnosis & Tests | ADA

  https://diabetes.org/about-diabetes/diagnosis

  Before people develop type 2 diabetes, they almost always have prediabetes blood glucose levels that are higher than normal but not yet high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes. […] Doctors sometimes refer to prediabetes as impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or impaired fasting glucose (IFG), depending on what test was used when it was detected. This condition puts you at a higher risk for developing type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. […] If you have prediabetes, you should be checked for type 2 diabetes every one to two years. […] Results indicating prediabetes are: An A1C of 5.7-6.4%, Fasting blood glucose of 100-125 mg/dL, An OGTT two-hour blood glucose of 140-199 mg/dL. […] You will not develop type 2 diabetes automatically if you have prediabetes. For some people with prediabetes, early treatment can actually return blood glucose levels to the normal range. […] Research shows that you can lower your risk for type 2 diabetes by 58% by: Losing 7% of your body weight (or 15 pounds if you weigh 200 pounds), Exercising moderately (such as brisk walking) 30 minutes a day, five days a week.

• #15 Prediabetes and Obesity: What Nurses Need to Know | Bradley University Online

  https://onlinedegrees.bradley.edu/blog/what-nurses-need-to-know-about-obesity-and-prediabetes

  Obesity Prediabetes FeaturedDiabetes is on the rise in the U.S. […] While the number of people living with diabetes is high, the number at risk of developing the disease is even higher. […] To provide the best possible care for prediabetic patients and to help avoid onset of the disease, nurses need to understand the important link between the condition and weight management. […] Weight management is an important way to treat both prediabetes and diabetes. […] Consequently, nurses may be able to improve outcomes by working with patients to create a plan for their diet and exercise. […] If you believe that a prediabetic patient has developed Type 2 diabetes, a more aggressive treatment plan will need to be developed.

• #16 Diabetes Mellitus Nursing Care Plans: 20 Nursing Diagnosis – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/diabetes-mellitus-nursing-care-plans/

  The patient will effectively demonstrate knowledge of diabetes self-care measures, including proper procedures, and verbalize a comprehensive understanding of the diabetes disease process and potential complications, while providing clear explanations for the rationale behind their actions. […] Therapeutic interventions and nursing actions for patients with diabetes may include: Providing patient education on diabetes management. […] Assess the patients and familys readiness to learn about diabetes management. […] Assess the patients knowledge and understanding of basic diabetes skills, including pathophysiology, treatment modalities, and recognition, treatment, and prevention of acute complications. […] Assess the patients social situation for factors that may affect diabetes treatment and education including factors such as low literacy level, limited financial resources, lack of health insurance, presence or absence of family support, and cultural beliefs.

• #17 Diabetes Mellitus Nursing Care Plans: 20 Nursing Diagnosis – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/diabetes-mellitus-nursing-care-plans/

  Utilize this comprehensive nursing care plan and management guide to provide effective care for patients experiencing diabetes mellitus. Gain valuable insights on nursing assessment, interventions, goals, and nursing diagnosis specifically tailored for patients with diabetes mellitus in this guide. […] The criteria for the screening and diagnosis of prediabetes and diabetes are as follows: A1C 5.7-6.4% for prediabetes and 6.5% or greater for diabetes. […] Nursing care planning goals for patients with diabetes include effective treatment to normalize blood glucose levels and decrease complications using insulin replacement, a balanced diet, and exercise. […] The following are the nursing priorities for patients with diabetes: Glycemic control, managing and maintaining blood glucose levels through medication, diet, and lifestyle modifications.

• #18 Diabetes Mellitus Nursing Care Plans: 20 Nursing Diagnosis – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/diabetes-mellitus-nursing-care-plans/

  Education and self-management, providing patient education on diabetes management, including medication administration, monitoring blood glucose levels, meal planning, exercise, and recognizing signs of hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia. […] Preventing potential complications, addressing risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathies common among patients with diabetes. […] Diabetes symptoms depend on hyperglycemia levels, including polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia. […] After thorough assessment, nursing diagnoses are formulated to address the challenges of diabetes mellitus, guided by the nurses clinical judgment and understanding of the patients unique condition. […] Goals and expected outcomes may include: The patient will consistently maintain blood glucose readings of less than 180 mg/dL, fasting blood glucose levels of less than 140 mg/dL, and a hemoglobin A1C level below 7%.

• #19 Diabetes Mellitus: Nursing Diagnoses, Care Plans, Assessment & Interventions | NurseTogether

  https://www.nursetogether.com/diabetes-nursing-diagnosis-care-plan/

  Prediabetes is a stage in which blood glucose levels are higher than the normal range but not high enough to be classified as type 2 diabetes mellitus. Prediabetes is a fasting blood glucose level of 100-125 mg/dL. […] Maintain an ideal weight. For patients with type 2 DM or prediabetes with an overweight status, even a 7% weight loss will help the patient control their blood sugar levels. […] Prevent the development of diabetes. Healthy lifestyle choices are part of the treatment for prediabetes. Restore normal blood sugar levels by maintaining a healthy weight with exercise and a balanced diet. Some people with prediabetes and heart disease may benefit from medications like metformin, statins, and antihypertensives. […] Refer to Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME). Patients newly diagnosed with diabetes may benefit from DSME classes that instruct on how to manage diabetes, cope with the diagnosis, and prevent complications.

• #20 Diabetes Mellitus Nursing Care Plans: 20 Nursing Diagnosis – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/diabetes-mellitus-nursing-care-plans/

  The patient will effectively demonstrate knowledge of diabetes self-care measures, including proper procedures, and verbalize a comprehensive understanding of the diabetes disease process and potential complications, while providing clear explanations for the rationale behind their actions. […] Therapeutic interventions and nursing actions for patients with diabetes may include: Providing patient education on diabetes management. […] Assess the patients and familys readiness to learn about diabetes management. […] Assess the patients knowledge and understanding of basic diabetes skills, including pathophysiology, treatment modalities, and recognition, treatment, and prevention of acute complications. […] Assess the patients social situation for factors that may affect diabetes treatment and education including factors such as low literacy level, limited financial resources, lack of health insurance, presence or absence of family support, and cultural beliefs.

• #21 Diabetes Mellitus Nursing Care Plans: 20 Nursing Diagnosis – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/diabetes-mellitus-nursing-care-plans/

  Provide emotional support and reassurance to patients and their families as they go through the grieving process associated with the diagnosis of diabetes. […] Assess the skills and self-care behaviors of patients who’ve had diabetes for many years. […] Assess the patients coping strategies and provide guidance on healthy coping mechanisms. […] Educate patients on recognizing, treating, and preventing acute complications such as hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia. […] Emphasize the importance of lifelong diabetes education, both formal and informal, to continuously enhance knowledge and skills. […] Encourage patients to monitor their blood glucose levels after consuming specific foods to create their own glycemic index. […] Regularly evaluate self-care skills, such as insulin administration, blood glucose monitoring, foot care, and diet planning, especially in patients with deteriorating vision and memory.

• #22

  https://www.rcn.org.uk/magazines/Nsws/2018/How-to-help-others-to-help-themselves

  Health care assistants can support patients to make lifestyle changes that can lower the risk of pre-diabetes. […] Pre-diabetes is linked to obesity and other poor lifestyle choices. People diagnosed with pre-diabetes can slow down or prevent the condition from developing into type 2 diabetes by making lifestyle changes. […] Eating healthily, keeping fit, losing weight, stopping smoking, drinking less alcohol and being emotionally well can all help and should be discussed with patients. […] Self-management skills are an essential part of diabetes care for every patient. […] I give advice to meet an individual patients needs because health education is about getting patients to achieve the best they can through looking at important issues such as diet and exercise.

• #23 Prediabetes: What and Why?

  https://www.avancecare.com/prediabetes-what-and-why/

  Our approach includes regular screenings, personalized lifestyle recommendations, nutritional counseling, and ongoing support to help you make sustainable changes. […] We understand that managing prediabetes is not just about controlling blood sugar; it’s about improving overall health and well-being. […] With the right care and commitment, you can take control of your health and prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes. […] Regular check-ups, a healthy lifestyle, and working closely with your healthcare team can make all the difference.

• #24

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ut2691

  Prediabetes is a warning sign that you’re at risk for getting type 2 diabetes. It means that your blood sugar is higher than it should be. But it’s not high enough to be diabetes. […] The good news is that you may be able to prevent or delay diabetes. Making small lifestyle changes, like getting active and changing your eating habits, may help you get your blood sugar back to normal. You can work with your doctor to make a treatment plan. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line if you are having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take. […] Watch your weight. A healthy weight helps your body use insulin properly. […] Get at least 2 hours of exercise a week. If your doctor says it’s okay, do muscle-strengthening exercises at least 2 times a week. Exercise helps control your blood sugar. It also helps you maintain a healthy weight.

• #25

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ut2691

  If your doctor prescribed medicines, take them exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor or nurse advice line if you think you are having a problem with your medicine. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if you have any symptoms of diabetes.

• #26 Prediabetes: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.prediabetes-care-instructions.ut2691

  If you smoke, vape, or use other tobacco or nicotine products, try to quit. Talk to your doctor if you need help quitting. […] Take your medicines as prescribed. Tell your doctor if you’re having problems with medicines. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor if you are having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take.

• #27 Prediabetes | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.prediabetes.uz1410

  Prediabetes can be treated by making lifestyle changes, taking medicine, or doing both. […] Treatment focuses on staying at a weight that’s healthy for you. […] Making healthy food choices can help prevent or delay type 2 diabetes. […] Exercise keeps sugar from building up in your blood. […] You may need to take medicine called metformin. It reduces the amount of sugar made by the liver in people who are insulin-resistant. […] When you have prediabetes, you have a chance to prevent or delay type 2 diabetes. […] You can make healthy changes to help prevent or delay type 2 diabetes. […] If you already have prediabetes, these same steps can keep it from turning into type 2 diabetes.

• #28 Prediabetes Education & Treatments: Steps to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes

  https://diabetes.org/about-diabetes/prediabetes

  If you’ve been diagnosed with prediabetes, we know that can feel like a lotlike your life has changed and you’ll never be normal again. But know that that isn’t the case. […] For some people with prediabetes, early treatment as well as moderate lifestyle changes can actually return blood glucose (blood sugar) levels to a normal range, effectively preventing or delaying type 2 diabetes. […] If you discover that you do have prediabetes, remember that it doesn’t mean you’ll develop type 2, particularly if you follow a treatment plan and make changes to your lifestyle through food choices and physical activity. Even small changes can have a huge impact on delaying or preventing diabetes all together. Work with your health care team to make a plan that works for your lifestyle, or look for a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-recognized lifestyle change program, guided by a lifestyle coach trained to use a CDC-approved curriculum, where you will meet other people who are working to prevent diabetes.

• #29 Prediabetes – Your Chance to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes | Diabetes | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/prevention-type-2/prediabetes-prevent-type-2.html

  Prediabetes is a serious health condition that increases your risk of developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. […] If you have prediabetes, the CDC-led National Diabetes Prevention Program lifestyle change program can help. When you join, you’ll learn to make lifestyle changes that lower your risk and improve your health. […] If you have prediabetes, you can lower your risk for developing type 2 diabetes by: Losing a small amount of weight if you have overweight. […] The CDC-led National Diabetes Prevention Program can help you make those changes and make them stick. Through the program, you can lower your risk for type 2 diabetes by 58% (71% if you’re over age 60). […] Ask your doctor if there’s a CDC-recognized National Diabetes Prevention Program offered in your community, or find a program. The best time to prevent type 2 diabetes is now.

• #30

  https://christianacare.org/us/en/care/specialty-care/diabetes/prediabetes.html

  The goal of the program is to help you lose 5 to 7 percent of your weight up to 14 pounds for a person weighing 200 pounds by eating healthier and being more physically active. […] With PreventT2, youll learn to: Improve Nutrition. Become more physically active. Manage stress. Successfully overcome obstacles. Reduce your risk of developing type 2 diabetes. […] The PreventT2 Program is: Free to eligible Medicare participants with prediabetes. Free for any ChristianaCare employee and their covered spouse (regardless of age) who may be at risk for Type 2 Diabetes. […] If you think you might have prediabetes: Take the prediabetes risk test. Bring the test to your primary care provider. Ask to be tested for prediabetes. […] To learn more about how PreventT2 can help you avoid diabetes, call 302-623-3439.

• #31 Prediabetes: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/what-is-prediabetes

  Prediabetes treatment can prevent more serious health problems, including type 2 diabetes and problems with your heart, blood vessels, eyes, and kidneys. […] The main treatment for prediabetes is a healthy lifestyle that includes these steps: Eat a healthy diet. Lose weight if you need to. Exercise regularly. Stop smoking. Get your blood pressure and cholesterol under control. […] If you’re at high risk of diabetes, your doctor might also suggest you take medication such as metformin (Glucophage) to lower your blood sugar. […] The same healthy lifestyle habits that treat prediabetes can help prevent it. Other things that can help: Don’t have more than one alcoholic drink a day. Get regular checkups so your doctor can keep tabs on your blood sugar. Take any blood sugar medications just as your doctor prescribes.

• #32 Prediabetes: Why Should We Care?

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6369626/

  A clear link between cardiovascular disease and prediabetes has emerged over the past few years. […] With this knowledge, physicians must identify prediabetes and take appropriate measures to optimize glycemic control. […] The pathophysiological defect seen in prediabetes can be managed with lifestyle modifications; thus, it is essential that physicians have a clear understanding of the current recommendations regarding diet and exercise. […] Focusing on lifestyle and medical management of prediabetes, this review highlights the systemic and, in particular, cardiac complications associated with prediabetes, with the goal of providing tools for healthcare providers to treat this patient population and provide secondary preventative measures. […] The combination of diet and exercise is arguably the single most important factor that could halt the progression towards type 2 diabetes in patients with prediabetes.

• #33 Prediabetes: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/what-is-prediabetes

  Prediabetes treatment can prevent more serious health problems, including type 2 diabetes and problems with your heart, blood vessels, eyes, and kidneys. […] The main treatment for prediabetes is a healthy lifestyle that includes these steps: Eat a healthy diet. Lose weight if you need to. Exercise regularly. Stop smoking. Get your blood pressure and cholesterol under control. […] If you’re at high risk of diabetes, your doctor might also suggest you take medication such as metformin (Glucophage) to lower your blood sugar. […] The same healthy lifestyle habits that treat prediabetes can help prevent it. Other things that can help: Don’t have more than one alcoholic drink a day. Get regular checkups so your doctor can keep tabs on your blood sugar. Take any blood sugar medications just as your doctor prescribes.

• #34 Prediabetes: Why Should We Care?

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6369626/

  Both the Finnish and DPP studies were successful in demonstrating that lifestyle intervention is a valuable key to managing prediabetes. […] Healthcare providers can also consider pharmacologic agents (metformin, pioglitazone, liraglutide, or acarbose) for management of prediabetes. […] If medical management fails to achieve glycemic control, advanced measures such as bariatric surgery can be used with the goal of reversing prediabetes and helping obese patients lose weight. […] In short, providers can help patients with prediabetes through multiple means and should use the above tools in their arsenal. […] Providers should also feel comfortable referring patients to an endocrinologist when the clinical picture is complex enough to require multidisciplinary care.

• #35 Recommendation: Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes: Screening | United States Preventive Services Taskforce

  https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/screening-for-prediabetes-and-type-2-diabetes

  The USPSTF recommends screening for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in adults aged 35 to 70 years who have overweight or obesity. […] Clinicians should offer or refer patients with prediabetes to effective preventive interventions. […] The optimal screening interval for adults with an initial normal glucose test result is uncertain. Screening every 3 years may be a reasonable approach for adults with normal blood glucose levels. […] Overweight and obesity are the strongest risk factors for developing prediabetes and type 2 diabetes in adults. […] Both lifestyle interventions that focus on diet, physical activity, or both and metformin have demonstrated efficacy in preventing or delaying progression to diabetes in persons with prediabetes. […] The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) study found that lifestyle intervention was more effective than metformin in preventing or delaying diabetes. […] The USPSTF recognizes that clinical decisions involve more considerations than evidence alone. Clinicians should understand the evidence but individualize decision making to the specific patient or situation.

• #36 Managing pre-diabetes — a growing health concern | Agency for Care Effectiveness

  https://www.ace-hta.gov.sg/healthcare-professionals/ace-clinical-guidances/managing-pre-diabetes-a-growing-health-concern

  This ACE Clinical Guidance (ACG) covers diagnosis and management of pre-diabetes, with a focus on lifestyle intervention (including diet and physical activity) and pharmacotherapy. […] Pre-diabetes is asymptomatic but puts a person at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). […] Early diagnosis, appropriate management and follow-up help to prevent or delay T2DM in persons with pre-diabetes. […] Recommend lifestyle intervention to all persons with pre-diabetes. […] Tailor lifestyle intervention to individual needs for sustained behavioural changes. […] Consider metformin for persons with pre-diabetes when glycaemic status does not improve despite lifestyle intervention OR they are unable to adopt lifestyle intervention, especially if the persons outlined in the two points above have a body mass index (BMI) of 23 kg/m2, are younger than 60 years of age, or are women with a history of gestational diabetes.

• #37 Prediabetes: Why Should We Care?

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6369626/

  Both the Finnish and DPP studies were successful in demonstrating that lifestyle intervention is a valuable key to managing prediabetes. […] Healthcare providers can also consider pharmacologic agents (metformin, pioglitazone, liraglutide, or acarbose) for management of prediabetes. […] If medical management fails to achieve glycemic control, advanced measures such as bariatric surgery can be used with the goal of reversing prediabetes and helping obese patients lose weight. […] In short, providers can help patients with prediabetes through multiple means and should use the above tools in their arsenal. […] Providers should also feel comfortable referring patients to an endocrinologist when the clinical picture is complex enough to require multidisciplinary care.

• #38

  https://christianacare.org/us/en/care/specialty-care/diabetes/prediabetes.html

  The goal of the program is to help you lose 5 to 7 percent of your weight up to 14 pounds for a person weighing 200 pounds by eating healthier and being more physically active. […] With PreventT2, youll learn to: Improve Nutrition. Become more physically active. Manage stress. Successfully overcome obstacles. Reduce your risk of developing type 2 diabetes. […] The PreventT2 Program is: Free to eligible Medicare participants with prediabetes. Free for any ChristianaCare employee and their covered spouse (regardless of age) who may be at risk for Type 2 Diabetes. […] If you think you might have prediabetes: Take the prediabetes risk test. Bring the test to your primary care provider. Ask to be tested for prediabetes. […] To learn more about how PreventT2 can help you avoid diabetes, call 302-623-3439.

• #39

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ut2691

  If your doctor prescribed medicines, take them exactly as prescribed. Call your doctor or nurse advice line if you think you are having a problem with your medicine. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if you have any symptoms of diabetes.

• #40 Prediabetes – StatPearls – NCBI BookshelfTwitterFacebookLinkedInGitHubNCBI Insights BlogTwitterFacebookYoutube

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459332/

  Approximately 70% of people with prediabetes will go on to be diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. However, this is not inevitable. Prediabetes managed appropriately can prevent diabetes mellitus and lower the risk of cardiovascular disease. […] Prevention is the key of prediabetes. The best preventative measures are: Maintaining a diet rich in fiber, Exercising regularly, Losing weight, Adhering to medications prescribed by your doctor, Smoking cessation. […] Today a great deal of effort is based on reversing the prediabetic state. This is best done in an interprofessional fashion that involves an endocrinologist, bariatric surgeon, dietitian, pharmacists, weight loss nurse, and a physical therapist. The patient should be educated on the importance of exercise and discontinuation of smoking. Further, the blood pressure must be well controlled and the hyperlipidemia lowered. The patient must be educated on the importance of eating a healthy diet and remaining compliant with medications to lower the blood glucose and cholesterol.

• #41 Prediabetes – StatPearls – NCBI BookshelfTwitterFacebookLinkedInGitHubNCBI Insights BlogTwitterFacebookYoutube

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459332/

  Approximately 70% of people with prediabetes will go on to be diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. However, this is not inevitable. Prediabetes managed appropriately can prevent diabetes mellitus and lower the risk of cardiovascular disease. […] Prevention is the key of prediabetes. The best preventative measures are: Maintaining a diet rich in fiber, Exercising regularly, Losing weight, Adhering to medications prescribed by your doctor, Smoking cessation. […] Today a great deal of effort is based on reversing the prediabetic state. This is best done in an interprofessional fashion that involves an endocrinologist, bariatric surgeon, dietitian, pharmacists, weight loss nurse, and a physical therapist. The patient should be educated on the importance of exercise and discontinuation of smoking. Further, the blood pressure must be well controlled and the hyperlipidemia lowered. The patient must be educated on the importance of eating a healthy diet and remaining compliant with medications to lower the blood glucose and cholesterol.

• #42 12 ways to provide better care for patients with prediabetes and diabetes | AOA

  https://www.aoa.org/news/clinical-eye-care/diseases-and-conditions/12-ways-to-provide-better-care-for-patients-with-prediabetes-and-diabetes

  Be open to point-of-care testing in your practice by becoming certified as a laboratory director under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) program. […] For a doctor of optometry, what does being a good teammate look like? Are you consistently communicating post-examinationvia letters or EHR noteswith diabetes patients primary care physicians? […] An optometrist is a very important part of the pediatric diabetes team, says Katherine Weise, O.D., MBA director of the Pediatric Optometry Service in the UAB clinic. […] Its a team disease, says Dr. Dueas, noting the urgency due to studies linking diabetes and COVID-19. […] We ask about family history of diabetes, which of course can increase the risk, says Dr. Weise, whose UAB Pediatric Optometry Service was enlisted this year to provide eye care for patients at Childrens of Alabamas Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes.

• #43 Making prediabetes visible in primary health care: a qualitative study of health care professionals’ perspectives | BMC Primary Care | Full Text

  https://bmcprimcare.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12875-023-02230-2

  The primary health care system is failing to offer structured care for people with prediabetes, and health care professionals find themselves prioritizing treatment for the sickest rather than identifying and treating those at risk of getting sick. […] The current study found that primary health care professionals often missed the opportunity to support people in self-managing their prediabetes through interprofessional collaboration. […] The general practitioners, nurses, and allied health care professionals in the current study wanted to collaborate more closely to support people with prediabetes in self-management. […] Clinical practice guidelines are an important first step towards standardized, evidence-based practice and optimized care. […] Support from the primary health care centre manager is crucial in creating opportunities for health care professionals to improve their competence and knowledge about prediabetes care.

• #44 12 ways to provide better care for patients with prediabetes and diabetes | AOA

  https://www.aoa.org/news/clinical-eye-care/diseases-and-conditions/12-ways-to-provide-better-care-for-patients-with-prediabetes-and-diabetes

  Be open to point-of-care testing in your practice by becoming certified as a laboratory director under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) program. […] For a doctor of optometry, what does being a good teammate look like? Are you consistently communicating post-examinationvia letters or EHR noteswith diabetes patients primary care physicians? […] An optometrist is a very important part of the pediatric diabetes team, says Katherine Weise, O.D., MBA director of the Pediatric Optometry Service in the UAB clinic. […] Its a team disease, says Dr. Dueas, noting the urgency due to studies linking diabetes and COVID-19. […] We ask about family history of diabetes, which of course can increase the risk, says Dr. Weise, whose UAB Pediatric Optometry Service was enlisted this year to provide eye care for patients at Childrens of Alabamas Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes.

• #45 Prediabetes – Your Chance to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes | Diabetes | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/prevention-type-2/prediabetes-prevent-type-2.html

  Prediabetes is a serious health condition that increases your risk of developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. […] If you have prediabetes, the CDC-led National Diabetes Prevention Program lifestyle change program can help. When you join, you’ll learn to make lifestyle changes that lower your risk and improve your health. […] If you have prediabetes, you can lower your risk for developing type 2 diabetes by: Losing a small amount of weight if you have overweight. […] The CDC-led National Diabetes Prevention Program can help you make those changes and make them stick. Through the program, you can lower your risk for type 2 diabetes by 58% (71% if you’re over age 60). […] Ask your doctor if there’s a CDC-recognized National Diabetes Prevention Program offered in your community, or find a program. The best time to prevent type 2 diabetes is now.

• #46 Prediabetes: Take Control of Your Health | Wisconsin Department of Health Services

  https://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/prediabetes/control.htm

  Prediabetes has a big impact on a persons health. […] People with prediabetes are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes in the next five years. […] You can take control of your health. […] Seek support from your loved ones. And join a lifestyle change program in your community. All these steps will give you the tools you need to reverse prediabetes. […] If you have any risk factor for prediabetes, dont wait for symptoms. Take action right away. […] Talk to your doctor about getting a simple blood sugar test. […] Follow your doctors advice, eat healthy, and exercise. […] Learn about lifestyle change programs. Find out if there are any free or low-cost programs in your community. […] Changing your everyday habits isnt easy, but you dont have to do it alone. […] The National Diabetes Prevention Program (National DPP) recognized by the CDC is a proven lifestyle change program that can help.

• #47 Prediabetes: Take Control of Your Health | Wisconsin Department of Health Services

  https://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/prediabetes/control.htm

  Participants with prediabetes can cut their risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 58%. […] In addition to reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes, these lifestyle change programs can: Reduce your risk of heart attack and stroke. […] With a little guidance and support, you can reverse or prevent prediabetes. You can build healthy habits that last a lifetime.

• #48 Making prediabetes visible in primary health care: a qualitative study of health care professionals’ perspectives | BMC Primary Care | Full Text

  https://bmcprimcare.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12875-023-02230-2

  Supporting professionals in implementing structured care for people with prediabetes might encourage more efficient interprofessional collaboration and contribute to better strategies for promoting behavioural change. […] Establishing prediabetes care guidelines, supporting health care professionals knowledge and skills in prediabetes care, and implementing interprofessional referral pathways are some steps to enhance prediabetes detection and care precedence in primary health care. These steps could lead to more preventive care and ensure patient safety and health care equity. […] The main findings of this study indicated that primary care health professionals believe that effective management of prediabetes should be a priority for their services but feel it is not a priority at the primary health centres.

• #49 Diagnosed with Prediabetes? Your Next 5 Steps

  https://www.avancecare.com/diagnosed-with-prediabetes-your-next-5-steps/

  One of the most effective ways to manage and reverse prediabetes is through lifestyle changes. […] Regular physical activity can improve insulin sensitivity, allowing your body to use glucose more effectively. […] After a prediabetes diagnosis, it’s essential to work closely with your healthcare provider to monitor your condition and make necessary adjustments. […] In some cases, your doctor may prescribe medication, such as metformin, to help control blood sugar levels. […] Knowledge is power, and understanding how to manage prediabetes will empower you to take charge of your health. […] Making lifestyle changes can be challenging, but you don’t have to do it alone. […] Building a support system can make a significant difference in your ability to stick to your goals. […] By understanding your condition, assessing your lifestyle, working closely with your healthcare provider, educating yourself, and building a support system, you can significantly reduce your risk of developing type 2 diabetes. […] Taking action today can lead to a healthier tomorrow.

• #50 4 Tips for Managing a New Prediabetes Diagnosis

  https://www.nutritionnews.abbott/nutrition-care/chronic-conditions/4-wellness-steps-to-take-after-a-prediabetes-diagnosis/

  Certain lifestyle factors stress, drinking alcoholic beverages, and smoking, to list a few can make it harder to maintain healthy blood sugar levels. […] It’s important to note that if you’re starting an exercise routine for the first time, it’s best to build up gradually to the recommended 30 minutes a day. […] If you need to speak to a professional about your diet or other prediabetes treatment questions, try Glucerna’s Ask a Dietitian online chat service or find a registered dietitian in your area. […] A prediabetes diagnosis doesn’t have to turn your world upside down. While it’s normal to feel a little overwhelmed when facing something new, taking these steps may improve your chances of avoiding type 2 diabetes entirely.

• #51 Diagnosed with Prediabetes? Your Next 5 Steps

  https://www.avancecare.com/diagnosed-with-prediabetes-your-next-5-steps/

  One of the most effective ways to manage and reverse prediabetes is through lifestyle changes. […] Regular physical activity can improve insulin sensitivity, allowing your body to use glucose more effectively. […] After a prediabetes diagnosis, it’s essential to work closely with your healthcare provider to monitor your condition and make necessary adjustments. […] In some cases, your doctor may prescribe medication, such as metformin, to help control blood sugar levels. […] Knowledge is power, and understanding how to manage prediabetes will empower you to take charge of your health. […] Making lifestyle changes can be challenging, but you don’t have to do it alone. […] Building a support system can make a significant difference in your ability to stick to your goals. […] By understanding your condition, assessing your lifestyle, working closely with your healthcare provider, educating yourself, and building a support system, you can significantly reduce your risk of developing type 2 diabetes. […] Taking action today can lead to a healthier tomorrow.

• #52 Prediabetes Diagnosis and Treatment in Primary Care | American Board of Family Medicine

  https://www.jabfm.org/content/29/2/283

  Background: The increasing prevalence of diabetes is a major health problem. The detection and treatment of prediabetes can delay the onset of diabetes and presents an important diabetes prevention strategy. […] Prediabetes is a high-risk state for developing diabetes. Detection of prediabetes is a fundamental strategy to keep people from transitioning to diabetes. Once detected, prediabetes should be acknowledged with a treatment plan (metformin or intense lifestyle intervention) to prevent or slow the transition to diabetes. […] Our findings show that there are missed opportunities for diabetes prevention in primary care. Providers need to change their approach to prediabetes and play a more effective role in preventing diabetes. […] This lack of diagnosis should be considered in light of the fact that the most common primary diagnosis for that visit was hypertension, a common comorbid condition with diabetes. […] The finding that most patients with confirmed prediabetes do not receive appropriate care suggests that the approach of primary care toward prediabetes needs to change if we are to effectively prevent diabetes.

• #53

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11606-022-07412-9

  The incidence of diabetes in the general US population (6.7 per 1000 adults in 2018) has not changed significantly since 2000, suggesting that individuals with prediabetes are not connecting to evidence-based interventions. […] We sought to describe the clinical care of individuals with prediabetes, determine patient factors associated with this care, and evaluate risk for diabetes development. […] Our cohort included 3888 patients with a laboratory diagnosis of prediabetes (incident or prevalent prediabetes). Within 12 months, 63.4% had repeat glycemic testing, yet only 10.4% had coded diagnoses of prediabetes, 1.0% were referred for nutrition services, and 5.4% were prescribed metformin. […] Individuals with a higher glycemic level or BMI were more likely to receive prediabetes clinical care. […] Rates of prediabetes clinical care activities are low and have not improved. Strategies are urgently needed to improve prediabetes care delivery thereby preventing or delaying incident diabetes.

• #54 Making prediabetes visible in primary health care: a qualitative study of health care professionals’ perspectives | BMC Primary Care | Full Text

  https://bmcprimcare.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12875-023-02230-2

  Supporting professionals in implementing structured care for people with prediabetes might encourage more efficient interprofessional collaboration and contribute to better strategies for promoting behavioural change. […] Establishing prediabetes care guidelines, supporting health care professionals knowledge and skills in prediabetes care, and implementing interprofessional referral pathways are some steps to enhance prediabetes detection and care precedence in primary health care. These steps could lead to more preventive care and ensure patient safety and health care equity. […] The main findings of this study indicated that primary care health professionals believe that effective management of prediabetes should be a priority for their services but feel it is not a priority at the primary health centres.

• #55 Patient and Clinician Perceptions of Prediabetes: A Mixed-Methods Primary Care Study – American Board of Family Medicine

  https://www.theabfm.org/research/research-library/patient-and-clinician-perceptions-of-prediabetes-a-mixed-methods-primary-care-study/

  The purpose of the study was to assess patient and clinician perceptions of prediabetes in an academic family medicine practice. […] Among the 15 focus group participants, more than half were not aware of their diagnosis. […] Clinicians (N = 31) concurred that patients lack awareness of their prediabetes diagnosis. […] There was consensus from both patients and clinicians that prediabetes is curable. […] Increased patient awareness and patient-centered education is needed to overcome barriers to prediabetes care. […] To facilitate implementation of N-DPP referral processes, clinicians should clearly communicate risk, treatment information, and linkage to N-DPP as the suggested treatment plan.

• #56 Prediabetes Diagnosis: Helpful or Harmful? | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/1200/p649.html

  A 74-year-old man with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and a body mass index of 35 kg per m2 presented for a physical examination. […] The endocrinologist confirmed the diagnosis of prediabetes and told the patient that he was at high risk of developing diabetes mellitus and its complications unless he gets his glucose levels down. […] Older adults with prediabetes are less likely to progress to diabetes mellitus than younger adults. […] The diagnosis of pre-diabetes has led to increased testing, physician visits, and treatments. […] The ADA and other organizations have estimated prediabetes to diabetes conversion rates of 5% to 10% within one year, 25% within five years, and 70% any time after a prediabetes diagnosis. […] Older adults also have a much lower rate of progression to diabetes.

• #57 12 ways to provide better care for patients with prediabetes and diabetes | AOA

  https://www.aoa.org/news/clinical-eye-care/diseases-and-conditions/12-ways-to-provide-better-care-for-patients-with-prediabetes-and-diabetes

  12 ways to provide better care for patients with prediabetes and diabetes […] We have a huge opportunity, says David Masihdas, O.D., who has dedicated a large portion of his practice for the past 25 years to the treatment of patients with prediabetes, type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Optometry has the technology, knowledge and facility to provide that huge service. […] We need to encourage kids to be active, to stay away from screen time and watch their diets, he says. […] The AOA has developed, in conjunction with doctors of optometry, a series of helpful patient education materials, including one-page fact sheets and trifold brochures on diabetes. […] Use your EHR to run reports on how many diabetes patients you have and who they are, says Jeffrey Michaels, O.D. […] An A1C of 7% (53 mmol/mol) is appropriate for many children.

• #58 Prediabetes – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/prediabetes/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355284

  The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends that diabetes screening for most adults begin at age 35. […] If you have prediabetes, your health care provider will typically check your blood sugar levels at least once a year. […] Healthy lifestyle choices can help you bring your blood sugar level back to normal, or at least keep it from rising toward the levels seen in type 2 diabetes. […] To prevent prediabetes from progressing to type 2 diabetes, try to: […] Children with prediabetes should follow the lifestyle changes recommended for adults with type 2 diabetes, including: […] Medication generally isn’t recommended for children with prediabetes unless lifestyle changes aren’t improving blood sugar levels.

• #59 12 ways to provide better care for patients with prediabetes and diabetes | AOA

  https://www.aoa.org/news/clinical-eye-care/diseases-and-conditions/12-ways-to-provide-better-care-for-patients-with-prediabetes-and-diabetes

  12 ways to provide better care for patients with prediabetes and diabetes […] We have a huge opportunity, says David Masihdas, O.D., who has dedicated a large portion of his practice for the past 25 years to the treatment of patients with prediabetes, type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Optometry has the technology, knowledge and facility to provide that huge service. […] We need to encourage kids to be active, to stay away from screen time and watch their diets, he says. […] The AOA has developed, in conjunction with doctors of optometry, a series of helpful patient education materials, including one-page fact sheets and trifold brochures on diabetes. […] Use your EHR to run reports on how many diabetes patients you have and who they are, says Jeffrey Michaels, O.D. […] An A1C of 7% (53 mmol/mol) is appropriate for many children.

• #60 Prediabetes: Diagnosis & Treatment | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/primary-care/prediabetes/treatment

  Children with prediabetes should make the lifestyle adjustments recommended for adults—lose excess weight, maintain a healthy diet, and exercise regularly. […] NewYork-Presbyterian is home to compassionate primary care physicians who are familiar with the care of patients with prediabetes. We’re here to support you in reversing prediabetes and preventing type 2 diabetes.

• #61 Prediabetes – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/prediabetes/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355284

  The American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends that diabetes screening for most adults begin at age 35. […] If you have prediabetes, your health care provider will typically check your blood sugar levels at least once a year. […] Healthy lifestyle choices can help you bring your blood sugar level back to normal, or at least keep it from rising toward the levels seen in type 2 diabetes. […] To prevent prediabetes from progressing to type 2 diabetes, try to: […] Children with prediabetes should follow the lifestyle changes recommended for adults with type 2 diabetes, including: […] Medication generally isn’t recommended for children with prediabetes unless lifestyle changes aren’t improving blood sugar levels.

• #62 12 ways to provide better care for patients with prediabetes and diabetes | AOA

  https://www.aoa.org/news/clinical-eye-care/diseases-and-conditions/12-ways-to-provide-better-care-for-patients-with-prediabetes-and-diabetes

  12 ways to provide better care for patients with prediabetes and diabetes […] We have a huge opportunity, says David Masihdas, O.D., who has dedicated a large portion of his practice for the past 25 years to the treatment of patients with prediabetes, type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Optometry has the technology, knowledge and facility to provide that huge service. […] We need to encourage kids to be active, to stay away from screen time and watch their diets, he says. […] The AOA has developed, in conjunction with doctors of optometry, a series of helpful patient education materials, including one-page fact sheets and trifold brochures on diabetes. […] Use your EHR to run reports on how many diabetes patients you have and who they are, says Jeffrey Michaels, O.D. […] An A1C of 7% (53 mmol/mol) is appropriate for many children.

• #63 Prediabetes Diagnosis: Helpful or Harmful? | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/1200/p649.html

  A 74-year-old man with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and a body mass index of 35 kg per m2 presented for a physical examination. […] The endocrinologist confirmed the diagnosis of prediabetes and told the patient that he was at high risk of developing diabetes mellitus and its complications unless he gets his glucose levels down. […] Older adults with prediabetes are less likely to progress to diabetes mellitus than younger adults. […] The diagnosis of pre-diabetes has led to increased testing, physician visits, and treatments. […] The ADA and other organizations have estimated prediabetes to diabetes conversion rates of 5% to 10% within one year, 25% within five years, and 70% any time after a prediabetes diagnosis. […] Older adults also have a much lower rate of progression to diabetes.

• #64 Prediabetes Diagnosis: Helpful or Harmful? | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/1200/p649.html

  A 74-year-old man with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and a body mass index of 35 kg per m2 presented for a physical examination. […] The endocrinologist confirmed the diagnosis of prediabetes and told the patient that he was at high risk of developing diabetes mellitus and its complications unless he gets his glucose levels down. […] Older adults with prediabetes are less likely to progress to diabetes mellitus than younger adults. […] The diagnosis of pre-diabetes has led to increased testing, physician visits, and treatments. […] The ADA and other organizations have estimated prediabetes to diabetes conversion rates of 5% to 10% within one year, 25% within five years, and 70% any time after a prediabetes diagnosis. […] Older adults also have a much lower rate of progression to diabetes.

• #65 Prediabetes Diagnosis: Helpful or Harmful? | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2021/1200/p649.html

  An additional concern about prediabetes is the hyperinflammatory ramifications of insulin resistance, which can lead to microvascular and macrovascular complications. […] There is no evidence that treating prediabetes with medications decreases mortality, macrovascular complications, or significant microvascular complications. […] Counseling patients about a healthy diet, physical activity, and weight loss for those who are overweight is worthwhile whether or not a patient is diagnosed with prediabetes. […] A diagnosis of questionable clinical significance could cause psychological distress and lead to additional testing, overtreatment, increased physician visits, and financial hardship. […] Prediabetes is a broadly defined condition that affects a large proportion of the population. […] The patient has indicated his dissatisfaction with the adverse effects of medication but has an ongoing concern about a weight-related condition. […] They discussed a diet plan that the patient felt comfortable with and agreed not to check his A1C or blood glucose level for one year.

• #66 Making prediabetes visible in primary health care: a qualitative study of health care professionals’ perspectives | BMC Primary Care | Full Text

  https://bmcprimcare.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12875-023-02230-2

  Supporting professionals in implementing structured care for people with prediabetes might encourage more efficient interprofessional collaboration and contribute to better strategies for promoting behavioural change. […] Establishing prediabetes care guidelines, supporting health care professionals knowledge and skills in prediabetes care, and implementing interprofessional referral pathways are some steps to enhance prediabetes detection and care precedence in primary health care. These steps could lead to more preventive care and ensure patient safety and health care equity. […] The main findings of this study indicated that primary care health professionals believe that effective management of prediabetes should be a priority for their services but feel it is not a priority at the primary health centres.

• #67 12 ways to provide better care for patients with prediabetes and diabetes | AOA

  https://www.aoa.org/news/clinical-eye-care/diseases-and-conditions/12-ways-to-provide-better-care-for-patients-with-prediabetes-and-diabetes

  Be open to point-of-care testing in your practice by becoming certified as a laboratory director under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) program. […] For a doctor of optometry, what does being a good teammate look like? Are you consistently communicating post-examinationvia letters or EHR noteswith diabetes patients primary care physicians? […] An optometrist is a very important part of the pediatric diabetes team, says Katherine Weise, O.D., MBA director of the Pediatric Optometry Service in the UAB clinic. […] Its a team disease, says Dr. Dueas, noting the urgency due to studies linking diabetes and COVID-19. […] We ask about family history of diabetes, which of course can increase the risk, says Dr. Weise, whose UAB Pediatric Optometry Service was enlisted this year to provide eye care for patients at Childrens of Alabamas Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes.

• #68

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11606-022-07412-9

  The incidence of diabetes in the general US population (6.7 per 1000 adults in 2018) has not changed significantly since 2000, suggesting that individuals with prediabetes are not connecting to evidence-based interventions. […] We sought to describe the clinical care of individuals with prediabetes, determine patient factors associated with this care, and evaluate risk for diabetes development. […] Our cohort included 3888 patients with a laboratory diagnosis of prediabetes (incident or prevalent prediabetes). Within 12 months, 63.4% had repeat glycemic testing, yet only 10.4% had coded diagnoses of prediabetes, 1.0% were referred for nutrition services, and 5.4% were prescribed metformin. […] Individuals with a higher glycemic level or BMI were more likely to receive prediabetes clinical care. […] Rates of prediabetes clinical care activities are low and have not improved. Strategies are urgently needed to improve prediabetes care delivery thereby preventing or delaying incident diabetes.

• #69 Prediabetes Diagnosis and Treatment in Primary Care | American Board of Family Medicine

  https://www.jabfm.org/content/29/2/283

  Background: The increasing prevalence of diabetes is a major health problem. The detection and treatment of prediabetes can delay the onset of diabetes and presents an important diabetes prevention strategy. […] Prediabetes is a high-risk state for developing diabetes. Detection of prediabetes is a fundamental strategy to keep people from transitioning to diabetes. Once detected, prediabetes should be acknowledged with a treatment plan (metformin or intense lifestyle intervention) to prevent or slow the transition to diabetes. […] Our findings show that there are missed opportunities for diabetes prevention in primary care. Providers need to change their approach to prediabetes and play a more effective role in preventing diabetes. […] This lack of diagnosis should be considered in light of the fact that the most common primary diagnosis for that visit was hypertension, a common comorbid condition with diabetes. […] The finding that most patients with confirmed prediabetes do not receive appropriate care suggests that the approach of primary care toward prediabetes needs to change if we are to effectively prevent diabetes.

• #70

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/journalarticle?Article_ID=4953317&Journal_ID=54016&Issue_ID=4953209

  Abstract: Prediabetes continues to be a national and worldwide health concern, affecting 84 million adults in the US. Early identification and intervention have been successful in delaying and/or preventing the progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). To curb the increasing prevalence of T2DM, recognizing the importance of identifying and managing prediabetes is paramount.

• #71 Making prediabetes visible in primary health care: a qualitative study of health care professionals’ perspectives | BMC Primary Care | Full Text

  https://bmcprimcare.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12875-023-02230-2

  The primary health care system is failing to offer structured care for people with prediabetes, and health care professionals find themselves prioritizing treatment for the sickest rather than identifying and treating those at risk of getting sick. […] The current study found that primary health care professionals often missed the opportunity to support people in self-managing their prediabetes through interprofessional collaboration. […] The general practitioners, nurses, and allied health care professionals in the current study wanted to collaborate more closely to support people with prediabetes in self-management. […] Clinical practice guidelines are an important first step towards standardized, evidence-based practice and optimized care. […] Support from the primary health care centre manager is crucial in creating opportunities for health care professionals to improve their competence and knowledge about prediabetes care.

• #72 Prediabetes: What Is It, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21498-prediabetes

  Prediabetes is a warning of Type 2 diabetes. It means your blood sugar levels are elevated but not enough to be Type 2 diabetes. There are lifestyle changes you can make to manage or reverse prediabetes, like getting more physical activity and adjusting eating patterns and habits. […] The best way to treat and potentially reverse prediabetes is through healthy lifestyle changes. Regularly eating nutritious foods and getting regular exercise can help return your blood sugar to healthy levels and prevent or delay Type 2 diabetes. […] Lowering your risk factors for prediabetes can often get your blood sugar levels back to healthy levels. […] Its important to talk to your primary care provider about screening for prediabetes. […] If you receive a prediabetes diagnosis, youll need to make lifestyle changes to manage or reverse it.

• #73 Diabetes Mellitus Nursing Care Plans: 20 Nursing Diagnosis – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/diabetes-mellitus-nursing-care-plans/

  Utilize this comprehensive nursing care plan and management guide to provide effective care for patients experiencing diabetes mellitus. Gain valuable insights on nursing assessment, interventions, goals, and nursing diagnosis specifically tailored for patients with diabetes mellitus in this guide. […] The criteria for the screening and diagnosis of prediabetes and diabetes are as follows: A1C 5.7-6.4% for prediabetes and 6.5% or greater for diabetes. […] Nursing care planning goals for patients with diabetes include effective treatment to normalize blood glucose levels and decrease complications using insulin replacement, a balanced diet, and exercise. […] The following are the nursing priorities for patients with diabetes: Glycemic control, managing and maintaining blood glucose levels through medication, diet, and lifestyle modifications.

• #74 Diabetes Mellitus Nursing Care Plans: 20 Nursing Diagnosis – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/diabetes-mellitus-nursing-care-plans/

  Education and self-management, providing patient education on diabetes management, including medication administration, monitoring blood glucose levels, meal planning, exercise, and recognizing signs of hyperglycemia or hypoglycemia. […] Preventing potential complications, addressing risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathies common among patients with diabetes. […] Diabetes symptoms depend on hyperglycemia levels, including polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia. […] After thorough assessment, nursing diagnoses are formulated to address the challenges of diabetes mellitus, guided by the nurses clinical judgment and understanding of the patients unique condition. […] Goals and expected outcomes may include: The patient will consistently maintain blood glucose readings of less than 180 mg/dL, fasting blood glucose levels of less than 140 mg/dL, and a hemoglobin A1C level below 7%.

• #75 Diabetes: Nursing Diagnosis & Interventions | Nurse.com

  https://www.nurse.com/clinical-guides/diabetes/?srsltid=AfmBOop0sjDC_MGXzPuS-ODbX0zj_cbiOmqcHcEJyPCuD4exUnJxd-OO

  Nurses help monitor blood glucose levels, manage complications, and provide education to prevent long-term complications. […] Nurses must assess for signs of hyperglycemia (elevated blood sugar) and hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) and monitor for complications like diabetic ketoacidosis, neuropathy, and infections. They also educate patients on medication adherence, proper diet, and lifestyle changes to manage diabetes effectively. […] The patient demonstrates an understanding of diabetes management, including diet, exercise, and medication use. […] Encourage daily inspection of feet for cuts, blisters, or sores and wearing supportive footwear to prevent injury. […] Emphasize the importance of regular medical checkups to watch for long-term complications, such as neuropathy, retinopathy, and kidney disease.

• #76 Prediabetes Education & Treatments: Steps to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes

  https://diabetes.org/about-diabetes/prediabetes

  If you’ve been diagnosed with prediabetes, we know that can feel like a lotlike your life has changed and you’ll never be normal again. But know that that isn’t the case. […] For some people with prediabetes, early treatment as well as moderate lifestyle changes can actually return blood glucose (blood sugar) levels to a normal range, effectively preventing or delaying type 2 diabetes. […] If you discover that you do have prediabetes, remember that it doesn’t mean you’ll develop type 2, particularly if you follow a treatment plan and make changes to your lifestyle through food choices and physical activity. Even small changes can have a huge impact on delaying or preventing diabetes all together. Work with your health care team to make a plan that works for your lifestyle, or look for a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-recognized lifestyle change program, guided by a lifestyle coach trained to use a CDC-approved curriculum, where you will meet other people who are working to prevent diabetes.

• #77 Prediabetes: Why Should We Care?

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6369626/

  A clear link between cardiovascular disease and prediabetes has emerged over the past few years. […] With this knowledge, physicians must identify prediabetes and take appropriate measures to optimize glycemic control. […] The pathophysiological defect seen in prediabetes can be managed with lifestyle modifications; thus, it is essential that physicians have a clear understanding of the current recommendations regarding diet and exercise. […] Focusing on lifestyle and medical management of prediabetes, this review highlights the systemic and, in particular, cardiac complications associated with prediabetes, with the goal of providing tools for healthcare providers to treat this patient population and provide secondary preventative measures. […] The combination of diet and exercise is arguably the single most important factor that could halt the progression towards type 2 diabetes in patients with prediabetes.

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