Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Knock-knees (genu valgum): Treatment, causes, and exercises

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319894

  Genu valgum, or knock-knee, is a condition where the knees touch but the ankles do not. Depending on the cause, treatment can include medication, exercise, orthotics, and surgery. […] In instances where it does not resolve on its own, or where genu valgum develops later in life, a person may need formal treatment. […] Most of the time, it is not possible to prevent genu valgum. However, various treatment options are available that may help ease some of the symptoms. […] Treatment for genu valgum will largely depend on the cause and severity of the condition. […] If an underlying disease is causing genu valgum, a doctor will need to treat the disease first to correct the leg alignment. They may use medications and supplements as part of a treatment plan. […] Several studies indicate that exercise may help strengthen the muscles of the legs and could improve posture and balance in people with knock-knee.

• #2 Knock Knees | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/knock-knees

  Knock knees (genu valgum) is a condition in which the knees tilt inward while the ankles remain spaced apart. The condition is slightly more common in girls, though boys can develop it too. […] Knock knees are usually part of a child’s normal growth and development. Most young children have knock knees to some degree for a period of time, though in some children it is more visible. […] In rare cases, knock knees could be a sign of an underlying bone disease, particularly when the condition appears for the first time when a child is 6 or older. […] If your child has knock knees along with any of the following symptoms, they may have a more serious condition: Knock knees that become apparent before age 2 or after age 7, Knock knees that become worse after age 7, Asymmetric appearance of the legs, Limp when walking, Knee or hip pain, Short stature (below the fifth percentile).

• #3 Knock Knees (Genu Valgum): Types, Symptoms and Treatment | Nationwide Children’s Hospital

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/knock-knees-genu-valgum

  In knock knees, the lower extremities turn inward, causing the appearance of the knees to be touching while the ankles remain apart. […] Genu valgum (knock-knees) is a common lower leg abnormality that is usually seen in the toddler, preschool and early school age child. […] Knock knees usually is first seen in late toddlerhood. […] Genu valgum is most severe by age 3 but then usually resolves on its own by age 7-8. […] Knock knees are slightly more common in girls than boys. […] While standing, the childs knees will touch or be closer together then the ankles which are further apart. […] No special type of brace, shoes, or other orthotic devices has been found to improve or speed up the resolution of knock-knees. […] The only treatment for genu valgum is time and normal growth and development. […] Majority of children with genu valgum resolve on their own but if the knock-knees increase in severity or does not improve by age 10, then further evaluation and testing may be warranted.

• #4 Knock Knees (Genu Valgum) (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/knock-knees.html

  Knock knees or genu valgum (GEE-noo VAL-gum) is when a child stands up straight and the knees touch but the ankles are apart. Knock knees often happen as a normal part of growth and development. So, kids toddler to elementary school age often have knock knees. It’s rarely serious and the condition usually goes away on its own by the time a child is 7 or 8 years old. […] Parents usually notice the way their child’s legs look or that the knees touch. They might worry that their child will trip and fall. Kids might be bothered because their knees touch during walking, but knock knees don’t usually cause pain. […] Most kids who have knock knees from normal growth and development don’t need treatment. It usually corrects itself as the child grows. […] Kids with mild knock knees from normal development don’t need to limit what they do. They can run, walk, and be as active as other kids. If your child is bothered by having knock knees, reassure them that it’s likely to get better on its own.

• #5 Knock knees

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/knock-knees/

  Knock knees is when there’s a gap between your ankles when you stand with your knees together. It’s common in children aged 3 to 6 and usually gets better on its own as they grow without causing any problems. […] But sometimes, if your knock knees are severe or caused by another condition, you may have knee or leg pain, or difficulty walking. […] Knock knees usually gets better as children grow and their legs straighten. […] Most children do not need any treatment, but sometimes physiotherapy or treatment from a foot specialist (podiatrist) may be recommended. […] Sometimes, if knock knees cause problems such as pain or difficulty walking, you may be referred to a specialist for tests to see what might be causing it. […] Rarely, surgery to straighten the knees and legs may be recommended.

• #5 Knock knees

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/knock-knees/

  Knock knees in children is a normal part of growth and development, and it usually gets better as they get older. […] But in some children and adults it may be caused by something else, such as an injury to the knees or legs, osteomyelitis (a bone infection), arthritis, vitamin D deficiency, or some genetic conditions which affect the joints such as joint hypermobility syndrome or Ehlers-Danlos syndromes.

• #6 Approach to the child with knock-knees – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/approach-to-the-child-with-knock-knees/print

  This topic will provide an overview of normal physiologic alignment of the lower extremity, physiologic and pathologic causes of knock-knees, and an approach to the child with knock-knees. […] An understanding of normal physiologic development of the lower extremity is essential to differentiation of physiologic from pathologic deformities. […] Lower-extremity alignment goes through a predictable progression from varus (bow-legs), to neutral, to valgus (knock-knees), and back towards neutral over the first seven years of life.

• #7 Knock Knees (Genu Valgum): Types, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://www.maxhealthcare.in/blogs/knock-knees

  Knock knee, also called Genu Valgum, is a condition where a person has a large gap between their feet when standing with their knees together. […] However, knock knees can very occasionally be a sign of an underlying condition that needs treatment, especially if the condition develops in older children or adults, or doesn’t improve with age. […] Pathologic knees valgus, on the other hand, is severe, persists beyond age 8, or develops during adulthood. Such cases are often associated with underlying medical conditions, such as obesity, vitamin D deficiency, calcium deficiency, arthritis, knee joint infection and trauma. […] Knee valgus in children isn’t usually a cause for concern and should improve as your child gets older. However, visit an orthopaedic doctor, if you have the following issues. […] If you feel that the knock knee problem is worsening, you need to immediately visit a reputable orthopaedic hospital in Delhi or near you.

• #8 Genu Valgum (Knock Knees) – CURE

  https://cure.org/surgery/genu-valgum-knock-knees/

  Genu valgum, more commonly known as knock knees, is a condition where knees tilt inward and “knock” into one another while the ankles remain apart. When the growth plate on the outside of the knee slows down or stops making new bone, the growth plate on the inside continues to grow normally, driving the knees toward each other. […] There are many causes of genu valgum. It is commonly seen in young children and often resolves by the age of six years. However, underlying conditions, including rickets and the effects of trauma and infection, can cause severe knock knees that warrant surgical intervention. […] Older children with genu valgum can develop a severe disability, preventing them from walking normally. Left untreated, pain and early arthritis can develop in early adulthood. […] Genu valgum causes pain in the knee, hips, and ankle joints.

• #9 Pediatric knock knees – Orthopedics – Children’s Health Orthopedics

  https://www.childrens.com/specialties-services/conditions/knock-knees

  Knock knees occur when a childs knees are misaligned and turn inward, but the ankles point outward. […] Typically becoming apparent when a child is a toddler (age 1 to 3 years), knock knees is a medical condition that is also known as a valgus knee or genu valgum. Girls are more likely to develop knock knees than boys due to their wider hips. […] The abnormal rotation of the knees turning inward can cause stress on the hip and knee joints, which can lead to additional disorders as the child grows, including runners knee (where the cartilage under the kneecap weakens and deteriorates). […] The main symptom of knock knees is an angled appearance of the knee. […] Other symptoms include: Joint stiffness, Knee or hip pain, Problems walking or with a limb. […] Knock knees can occur due to a variety of reasons, including: Bone tumors or bone infections can cause distortions in the bones, causing the bowed appearance.

• #10 Pediatric knock knees – Orthopedics – Children’s Health Orthopedics

  https://www.childrens.com/specialties-services/conditions/knock-knees

  Family history can be an indicator; children with parents or siblings with knock knees are more likely to also have them. […] Rickets causes bone deformities due to vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus deficiencies. Rickets can also be caused by an inherited genetic abnormality that causes the body to not correctly absorb vitamin D. […] Fractures can cause knock knees, especially if a broken bone doesnt heal properly or grows at a different rate than the non-fractured bones.

• #11 Knock Knee Deformity New York | Knee Specialist Bayside NY

  https://www.cortho.org/knee/knock-knee-deformity/

  Knock knee is an angular deformity of the knees with the knees pointing inwards on standing straight. […] Knock knees in adults may be a result of the residual knock knee deformity, trauma to the knee joint, and arthritis. […] Persisting knock knee deformity may present with symptoms such as knee pain, limp, instability of the knee, or difficulty walking. […] Most children with physiological knock knees only require close monitoring and frequent evaluations throughout the growing period. […] Surgical management is usually required for only a small percent of children. […] Knock knee deformity in adults secondary to osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis usually require total knee replacement. […] The recovery process for knock knee deformity typically involves several key steps aimed at restoring proper knee alignment, function, and overall mobility.

• #12 Knock Knee: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment | HSS

  https://www.hss.edu/condition-list_knock-knee.asp

  The most prominent symptom of knock knee is a separation of a persons ankles when their knees are positioned together. Other symptoms, including pain, are often a result of the gait (manner of walking) adopted by people with knock knees. […] A person may also have other symptoms from an underlying condition that is causing the knock-knee syndrome. In people of all age groups who have knock knees, one or both knees is abnormally overloaded. This excessive force can lead to pain, further bone deformity, knee instability and progressive degeneration of the knee joint. […] An orthopedic specialist will review the patients medical and family history, any pre-existing conditions and current health. They will also do a physical examination of the legs and gait. Standing-alignment X-ray or EOS images will help confirm the diagnosis.

• #13 Genu Valgum: Knock Knees | Orthopedics | University of Utah Health

  https://healthcare.utah.edu/orthopaedics/specialties/pediatrics/knock-knees

  Knock knees, also called genu valgum, is a type of knee condition. Knock knees occur when your knees tilt together, but your ankles stay apart. This condition usually affects children between 37 years old. […] Most children experience some kind of knock knees as they grow. The condition usually corrects itself as your child gets older. However, if your childs knock knees do not go away, they may need treatment. […] The most common symptom of knock knees is visible when your child stands. If your child has knock knees, you may notice that your childs knees touch and their ankles stay far apart. […] Your child may also experience knee pain or join stiffness especially with activity. […] The first step in treating knock knees is pinpointing the cause of your childs knock knees. Most cases of knock knees do not need treatment.

• #14

  https://www.shrinerschildrens.org/en/pediatric-care/genu-valgum

  Understanding why your child has knock knees is important. Our physicians are here to provide the answers you need and the care you can count on. […] A condition that causes the knees to tilt inward while the ankles remain spaced apart, knock knees (genu valgum), are a common part of the growth and development process. While having knock knees between the ages of 2 and 7 is quite normal, children who show signs of the condition earlier or later in life might need treatment. […] To determine why your child has knock knees, a physician will perform a comprehensive physical exam. Radiographs may also be obtained to determine why your child has knock knees, and whether they will grow out of them normally, or if they will be a problem later in life and should be corrected. […] Our physicians treat children with knock knees through close observation. However, if your child never grows out of knock knees, their physician might recommend a different treatment sometimes involving surgery. […] Guided growth surgery helps correct knock knees by slowing bone growth on the bent side of the leg so the other side can catch up. […] To correct more severe knock knees, our physicians might suggest an osteotomy to straighten the legs by changing the angle of the bones.

• #15 Treating Idiopathic Genu Valgum (Knock Knees)

  https://consultqd.clevelandclinic.org/treating-idiopathic-genu-valgum-knock-knees

  In the case of genu valgum, by applying hardware to the medial distal femoral and/or medial proximal tibial physes, growth is slowed medially but allowed to progress in the lateral physes. […] The patient was followed postoperatively every four months with full-length bilateral lower extremity radiographs to assess for correction and timing of plate removal.

• #16 Treating Idiopathic Genu Valgum (Knock Knees)

  https://consultqd.clevelandclinic.org/treating-idiopathic-genu-valgum-knock-knees

  Genu valgum (knock knees) represents one of the most common angular deformities encountered by pediatric orthopaedic specialists. […] The condition and its treatment outcomes can impact other orthopaedic conditions, such as medial collateral ligament injury, patellar instability and accelerated degenerative joint disease. […] Treatment is generally considered when the tibiofemoral angle is greater than 15 degrees or the intermalleolar distance is greater than 8 cm. […] Ideally, the condition is diagnosed before the child approaches skeletal maturity, allowing for simple growth modulation procedures as opposed to the more significant osteotomies required after physeal closure. […] Transient hemiepiphysiodesis is the most common of these growth modulation procedures. […] Patients must be followed closely (every three to four months) to ensure appropriate deformity correction and avoid overcorrection.

• #17 Knock Knees | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/knock-knees

  In most cases, children with knock knees do not need medical treatment. The most common treatment for children between 2 and 5 years old is close observation. Up to 99 percent of children with knock knees grow out of the condition by the time they turn 7. […] If your child has severe, unresolved knock knees, their doctor will first determine if this is part of another underlying condition. If so, treatment will focus on treating the underlying condition. […] In the rare event that natural growth doesn’t correct your child’s knock knees, their doctor may recommend surgery. […] Guided growth surgery corrects knock knees by slowing the growth on the bent side of the bone so the other side can catch up. […] The vast majority of children with knock knees get better without treatment and have a very positive long-term outlook.

• #18 Treatment of Knock Knees in Children and Adults | Medanta

  https://www.medanta.org/patient-education-blog/5-simple-fixes-for-knock-knees

  Bracing is a helpful knock knees treatment since it can realign the knees in children and adolescents with mild occurrences of knock knees. […] Children and teenagers with mild symptoms of knock knees may also benefit from braces in another way since bracing can help their bones grow into the proper positions without stress. […] Numerous studies suggest that exercise can assist in strengthening the tendons in the legs and aid patients with knock-knee to improve their posture as well as their balance. […] Medication is sometimes used in order to improve leg alignment, but a doctor must address any underlying diseases that may be the cause of the knock knees in the patient. […] Weight loss is another cure for knock knees when the knee condition is exacerbated in an individual who is overweight.

• #19 Knock Knees (Genu Valgum) (for Parents) – Children’s WI

  https://kidshealth.org/ChildrensWI/en/parents/knock-knees.html

  Knock knees or genu valgum (GEE-noo VAL-gum) is when a child stands up straight and the knees touch but the ankles are apart. Knock knees often happen as a normal part of growth and development. So, kids toddler to elementary school age often have knock knees. It’s rarely serious and the condition usually goes away on its own by the time a child is 7 or 8 years old. […] Most kids who have knock knees from normal growth and development dont need treatment. It usually corrects itself as the child grows. […] Severe knock knees or knock knees that are worse on one side sometimes do need treatment. […] In rare cases where children have symptoms such as pain or trouble running, doctors might suggest surgery after age 10. […] To treat knock knees from rickets, doctors usually recommend adding vitamin D and calcium to the childs diet. Some kids with Rickets might need to see a specialist. Rickets due to a genetic condition may need more specialized treatment by an endocrinologist (a doctor who treats diseases of the endocrine system). […] Kids with mild knock knees from normal development don’t need to limit what they do. They can run, walk, and be as active as other kids. If your child is bothered by having knock knees, reassure them that its likely to get better on its own.

• #20 Knock-knees (genu valgum): Treatment, causes, and exercises

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319894

  A doctor will likely recommend that a person who is overweight lose weight through a combination of diet and exercise. […] Orthotics are inserts placed in the shoes to help correct a persons gait or the way their foot strikes the ground when they walk or run. […] Surgery is not typically the first treatment choice for a person with genu valgum. […] For children, doctors use a procedure called guided growth surgery. […] Adults and older teens may also have an osteotomy. […] In rare cases, a doctor may recommend a knee replacement. […] In almost all cases of genu valgum, the condition will resolve before a child reaches adolescence. […] For older children and adults, the most likely form of therapy involves stretches and exercises to realign the knees and relieve pain. […] Some people might find relief with orthotics or braces. […] Treating genu valgum in adults and older children is important. When genu valgum is left untreated, other health problems affecting the joints and muscles, such as osteoporosis, may develop.

• #21 Knock Knee: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment | HSS

  https://www.hss.edu/condition-list_knock-knee.asp

  For mild cases of knock knee in children or adolescents, bracing may reposition the knees. When this does not work, or if the patient is an adult at the time of diagnosis, an osteotomy to realign the knee (usually in the tibia but sometimes in the femur, or both) is done to prevent or delay the need for knee replacement. […] If knock knee is caused by an underlying disease or infection, that condition will be addressed before any orthopedic correction begins. Treatment for mild cases of knock knee in children or adolescents may include braces to help bones grow in the correct position. […] If a gradual correction does not occur, surgery may be recommended. In the growing child, guided-growth minimal-incision surgery may be used to encourage the leg to gradually grow straight.

• #22 Pregnancy SmartSite – Knock knees

  https://sales-demo.adam.com/content.aspx?productid=82&pid=1&gid=001263

  Knock knees are a condition in which the knees touch, but the ankles do not touch. The legs turn inward. […] A health care provider will examine your child. Tests will be done if there are signs that knock knees are not a part of normal development. […] Knock knees are not treated in most cases. […] If the problem continues after age 7, the child may use a night brace. This brace is attached to a shoe. […] Surgery may be considered for knock knees that are severe and continue beyond late childhood. […] Children normally outgrow knock knees without treatment, unless it is caused by a disease. […] If surgery is needed, the results are most often good. […] Contact your provider if you think your child has knock knees. […] There is no known prevention for normal knock knees.

• #23 Genu Valgum: Knock Knees | Orthopedics | University of Utah Health

  https://healthcare.utah.edu/orthopaedics/specialties/pediatrics/knock-knees

  Treatment options depend on the age of your child and severity of their knock knees. Medications and nutrition supplements treat knock knees caused by rickets. […] If your childs knock knees do not improve with time and treatment, your provider may suggest surgery. Knock knee surgery is called guided growth surgery. […] Guided growth surgery is an option for children still growing. Your childs surgeon inserts a small metal bracket in your childs knee to help direct future bone growth. The surgeon removes the growth plate when bone angle improves. In more severe cases, or for older children who are done growing, a surgery to cut and realign the bone may be needed. […] Your pediatric surgeon may recommend simple exercises and physical therapy after surgery. Exercises and physical therapy can improve your childs strength and range of motion.

• #24 Your Child’s Knocked Knees: Everything You Need to Know

  https://www.jeremyburnhammd.com/knock-knees-knocked-knees-valgus/

  Yes, knocked knees can be corrected. In adults, this procedure is known as distal femoral osteotomy (DFO). […] Most of the time, knock knees will resolve on their own as children grow into adulthood. However, in some cases the alignment problem persists or is very severe. In these cases, surgery may be needed to correct the valgus knee alignment. In younger patients (age 10-13) guided growth can be used to help realign the bone as the patient is growing. In adult patients, osteotomy surgery (realignment of the bone) can be performed to straighten out the leg.

• #25 Genu Valgum (Knock Knees) – CURE

  https://cure.org/surgery/genu-valgum-knock-knees/

  Lack of mobility makes it hard for children to participate in community life, play with friends, or even consistently attend school. […] Children often experience discrimination because of the way their legs look, leading to poor self-confidence and isolation. […] There are two main approaches to treating genu valgum depending on the deformity’s severity. […] In milder cases, surgeons place a small plate on the growth plate inside of the knee, allowing the knee to grow gradually straight over six to 12 months. It is minor surgery, and children can start walking the day after the procedure. It is just giving the child’s body a little help to heal itself. […] In severe conditions where guided growth is less suitable, a more extensive surgery called an osteotomy is necessary to adjust the leg’s orientation. Doctors start by removing a triangular piece of bone to straighten the leg. The osteotomy is then secured with a wire or plate that provides the stability needed while the bone heals.

• #26 Knock Knees – Causes, Treatment

  https://www.gillettechildrens.org/conditions-care/knock-knees

  Knock knee (also known as genu valgum or valgus knee deformity) is a condition in which the knees touch while the ankles are apart. […] Most of the time knock knees correction happens on its own and you will only need to continue observation. In rare cases in which the condition continues after age 8, treatment at Gillette Childrens can include custom braces or surgery: […] If your child has knock knees, well help you coordinate the services and specialties to help your child feel their best. For comprehensive knock knees treatment, your family might work with experts in: Nursing […] You’ll have a family-centered team that works closely with your primary care providers, teachers, and school or community therapists.

• #27 Learning About Knock-Knees in Children | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.learning-about-knock-knees-in-children.acg8381

  Knock-knees are a condition that affects the position of a child’s legs. When a child has knock-knees, the lower legs angle away from the center of the body. This creates a wide space between the ankles when the knees touch. Parents often first notice this when their child is between 3 and 5 years old. […] You may be worried about how your child’s legs look and whether this will be a life-long condition. But most of the time it’s a normal part of development. It usually gets better on its own. Having knock-knees usually doesn’t cause pain. And it rarely prevents a child from taking part in sports and other physical activities. […] Usually knock-knees don’t need treatment. The doctor will check your child’s legs as your child grows. Most children grow out of having knock-knees over time. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your child’s treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor if your child is having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your child’s test results and keep a list of the medicines your child takes.

• #28

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=acg8381

  Knock-knees are a condition that affects the position of a child’s legs. When a child has knock-knees, the lower legs angle away from the centre of the body. This creates a wide space between the ankles when the knees touch. […] Most children grow out of having knock-knees over time. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your child’s treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line if your child is having problems.

• #29 Knock Knee Deformity New York | Knee Specialist Bayside NY

  https://www.cortho.org/knee/knock-knee-deformity/

  Education plays a vital role in the recovery process, empowering patients with the knowledge and tools they need to actively participate in their rehabilitation. […] While some causes of knock knee deformity, such as genetics, cannot be prevented, there are certain steps that can help reduce the risk or severity of the condition. […] Knock knee deformity is a condition where the knees angle inward, leading to various symptoms including gait abnormalities and knee pain. […] Knock knee deformity can occur in both children and adults. […] Yes, non-surgical treatments for knock knee deformity include physical therapy, orthotic devices (such as shoe inserts or braces), weight management, and observation in mild cases, especially in children. […] Knock knee deformity can affect daily activities such as standing or sitting, as it may cause discomfort, instability, or difficulty maintaining proper posture.

• #30 Knock Knees | Pediatrics | CHRISTUS Health

  https://www.christushealth.org/get-care/services-specialties/pediatric-care/orthopedics/knock-knees

  Physical therapy may also be beneficial in helping strengthen and stretch the muscles, ligaments, and tendons around the knee joint. […] Surgery may be necessary for more severe cases of knock knees, as it can help realign the bones in the leg to achieve a more normal angle. […] There are several ways to help prevent knock knees. The most important is maintaining a healthy weight and lifestyle and engaging in regular physical activity. […] Additional treatments that a doctor may recommend include orthotics (special shoe inserts) or braces to help support the knee joint and reduce alignment issues. […] Physical therapy or surgery may be recommended in more severe cases to correct knock knee alignment.

• #31 Understanding Knock Knees: Causes, Complications, and Care – Well Heeled Podiatry

  https://www.wellheeledpodiatry.com.au/understanding-knock-knees-causes-complications-and-care

  Knock knees, medically termed genu valgum, is a condition where the knees touch each other when the legs are straightened. […] Knock knees, or genu valgum, is a condition where the knees touch while the legs are straightened. […] Treatment options vary by age and severity, ranging from observation in children to physical therapy, orthotics, or surgery in adults for more severe cases. […] Consulting with healthcare professionals is crucial for appropriate treatment. […] The technique that is used to manage and treat knock knees is primarily contingent on the individuals age, the severity of the ailment, as well as the underlying cause of the problem. […] Even though less severe instances, particularly those affecting youngsters, might not call for intensive treatment, situations that are more severe may benefit from a variety of approaches.

• #32 Knock Knees Houston, TX | Joint Stiffness Cypress, TX | Knee Pain Tomball, TX

  https://www.advancedosm.com/knock-knees-orthopaedic-sports-medicine-specialist-cypress-houston-tx/

  Knock knees, also called genu valgum, is a type of angular knee deformity in which the legs curve inwards at the knees. It usually affects children in the age group of 3-4 years. The condition may correct itself as the child grows to the age of 7 to 8 years. However, if the condition does not correct itself, it may indicate an underlying problem that requires suitable treatment. […] Knock knees can be treated using a conservative approach or surgery. Your doctor will begin your child’s treatment using a conservative approach. This includes: […] Surgery is recommended for severe cases of knock knees and those which fail to heal by conservative management. The surgical procedure is called guided growth surgery. […] Knock knees surgery is a minor surgery that involves insertion of a small metal plate in the child’s knee to help direct future bone growth. The surgeon removes the growth plate when bone growth is corrected. […] Following surgery, your pediatric surgeon may recommend simple exercises and physical therapy for your child to improve their strength and range of motion.

• #33 Understanding Knock Knees: Causes, Complications, and Care – Well Heeled Podiatry

  https://www.wellheeledpodiatry.com.au/understanding-knock-knees-causes-complications-and-care

  It is of the utmost importance to emphasise the need to determine the most appropriate method of therapy in collaboration with licenced medical experts. […] If you are able to see the warning signals early on and obtain the proper medical guidance, you may help prevent long-term problems and ensure that your knee continues to operate normally. […] If you or someone you know is struggling with knock knees, it is imperative to seek the advice of a qualified medical practitioner in order to determine the most effective course of treatment.

• #34 Knock Knees (Genu Valgum): Types, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://www.maxhealthcare.in/blogs/knock-knees

  Knock Knees (Genu valgum) can stem from a multitude of underlying factors. Understanding the diverse genu valgum causes is crucial for proper diagnosis and effective treatment. […] Obesity: Excess body weight adds stress to the knee joints, increasing the risk of developing knock knees. […] In most cases, knock knees don’t need to be treated because the problem tends to correct itself as a child grows. […] If knock knees are caused by an underlying condition, treatment for this may be necessary. […] Surgery for knock knees is rarely necessary, although it may be recommended if the condition is severe or persistent. […] In severe instances of genu valgum in adults, surgical intervention may be considered when other treatments prove ineffective and the condition significantly affects daily life or causes substantial pain.

• #35 Bowlegs and Knock Knees: Should You Be Concerned? | Banner

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/healthcareblog/teach-me/does-my-child-have-bowlegs-or-knock-knees

  Knock knees (genu valgum) are when knees touch but the ankles are far apart. This may cause an awkward appearance in your childs gait, with their knees knocking or hitting each other when they walk and run. […] In most cases, your child will outgrow both conditions without needing any special treatment, but its important that you keep up with your childs regular well-check visits so they can be regularly monitored. […] For the vast majority of children, treatment only involves observationwatching the alignment as the child grows and develops, Dr. Miller said. If the health care provider does have concerns about the severity of either condition, a referral to a pediatric orthopedic surgeon may be recommended. […] Bowlegs, where the ankles touch and the knees dont, and knock knees, where the knees touch and the ankles dont, are normal during early childhood and most often require no treatment.

• #36 Knock Knees in Children: When to Seek Medical Advice

  https://www.felixhospital.com/blogs/knock-knees-in-children

  Knock knees, medically known as genu valgum, is a common condition in young children where the knees angle inward and touch one another when the legs are straightened. […] Understanding when to seek medical advice is crucial for ensuring the proper development and health of the child. […] For persistent or severe cases, consulting a specialist at an arthritis hospital can provide valuable insights and treatment options. […] If the condition persists beyond this age, it may warrant medical evaluation. […] Mild Knock knees in children are often harmless, but severe cases might indicate an underlying issue. […] If one leg is more affected than the other, it could indicate a more serious condition. […] If Knock knees in children do not show signs of improvement by age 7 or if they worsen, a medical evaluation is recommended.

• #37 Knock Knees in Children: When to Seek Medical Advice

  https://www.felixhospital.com/blogs/knock-knees-in-children

  Significant inward angling of the knees can lead to discomfort, pain, or difficulty in walking. […] If the child experiences pain, discomfort, or difficulty walking, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional. […] If knock knees interfere with the child’s ability to engage in normal activities, seek medical advice. […] Treatment options vary based on the severity and underlying cause of Knock knees in children. […] For mild cases, especially in younger children, observation and regular follow-ups may be sufficient as the condition often corrects itself with time. […] In severe cases or when knock knees are caused by an underlying medical condition, surgical intervention may be necessary to correct the alignment. […] If there are concerns about the child’s leg alignment or if knock knees seem to persist beyond the typical age range, seek early advice from a pediatrician or orthopedic specialist. […] Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment at the best orthopedic hospital in Noida can ensure the proper development and well-being of the child.

• #38 KNOCK KNEES (GENU VALGUM): SYMPTOMS, CAUSES, DIAGNOSES, AND TREATMENT | Mya Care

  https://myacare.com/blog/knock-knees-genu-valgum-symptoms-causes-diagnoses-and-treatment

  Knock knees, or genu valgum, is abnormal knee alignment that is frequently seen in children, and less commonly in adults. Patients with genu valgum have an excessive inward alignment of their knees. […] Nevertheless, in adults and some children, it can be a sign of underlying illness and needs an orthopedists assessment. […] Treating pathologic knock knees early can help prevent future complications (like osteoarthritis) and deformities. Treatment options include corrective surgery, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes. […] Adults who just recently started developing knock knees should not delay seeing an orthopedist, as its usually caused by a treatable medical condition. […] Treating pathologic knock knees early on can prevent permanent deformity and later development of osteoarthritis (joint damage). Knock knees are treated by treating the causative medical condition along with some lifestyle changes and conservative therapies. In some cases, however, surgery might be the only option available to correct the deformity.

• #39 Your Child’s Knocked Knees: Everything You Need to Know

  https://www.jeremyburnhammd.com/knock-knees-knocked-knees-valgus/

  In most cases, knock knees is a harmless condition that does not require treatment. However, in some cases, gradual correction may be recommended. This can be done with the help of braces or orthotic devices. It is also important to initiate medical treatment for any underlying medical conditions, such as bone disease, vitamin D deficiency, knee bone infection, or other underlying disease. […] For most children, knock-knee is nothing more than a cosmetic issue, and no treatment is necessary, especially if they are dealing with slightly knocked knees. However, in some cases, the condition can lead to pain or difficulty walking. For these children, surgery may be recommended. There are two main types of surgery for knock-knee: growth plate tethering and distal femoral osteotomy. […] Even without treatment, the vast majority of children with knock knees get better and have a favorable long-term prognosis. The outlook is also good for patients who have surgery for severe forms of the condition. Surgical and non-surgical therapies are generally considered safe, and childrens bones heal faster and more predictably than adults bones.

• #40 Knock Knee: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment | HSS

  https://www.hss.edu/condition-list_knock-knee.asp

  Knock knee (also called „knock-knee deformity,” „knock-knee syndrome,” „knocked knee” or „genu valgum”) is an incorrect alignment around the knee that can affect can people of all ages. Over time, the imbalance of force it places on the knees can cause pain, joint damage and early onset knee arthritis. Correction of the deformity will improve knee mechanics and walking capability, reduce pain and prevent a rapid progression of damage to the knee. […] Knock knee is a condition in which the knees bend inward and touch or „knock” against one another, even when a person is standing with their ankles apart. This places excessive force on the outer side of the knee, which can cause pain and damage over time. […] Knock knees that remain outside of these normal developmental growth patterns may be caused by disease, infection or other conditions. If the angle of the legs from hip to foot falls outside normal patterns, worsens over time, or is present on only one side of the body, this suggests a person has a more serious form of knock knees, and further evaluation by an orthopedic specialist may be necessary. Surgery may be needed to treat the condition.

• #41

  https://www.orthobullets.com/pediatrics/4052/genu-valgum-knocked-knees

  Genu Valgum is a normal physiologic process in children which may also be pathologic if associated with skeletal dysplasia, physeal injury, tumors or rickets. […] Diagnosis is made clinically with presence of progressive genu valgum after the age of 7. […] Treatment is observation for genu valgum 15 degrees in a child 7 years of age. Surgical management is indicated for severe and progressive genu valum in a child 7 years of age. […] The vast majority of physiological genu valgum will resolve spontaneously. […] Medical management of underlying etiology may slow progression. […] Bracing may provide temporary relief but is an ineffective long-term solution. […] Eight-plate hemiepiphysiodesis has a 95% complete correction rate for idiopathic cases and 80% for pathological cases. […] Physiologic genu valgum resolves spontaneously in the vast majority by age of 7.

• #42 Knock Knee Deformity New York | Knee Specialist Bayside NY

  https://www.cortho.org/knee/knock-knee-deformity/

  Untreated knock knee deformity can lead to long-term consequences such as osteoarthritis, chronic knee pain, and decreased mobility. […] While knock knee deformity is often associated with developmental or structural issues, it can also result from injury or trauma to the knee or lower extremities. […] Knock knee deformity is relatively common in the general population, especially among children during periods of rapid growth and development. […] Knock knee deformity can affect the alignment of other joints in the body, such as the hips and ankles, due to altered biomechanics and weight distribution.

• #43 Genu Valgum – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559244/

  Patients are closely monitored between 4 to 6-month intervals. […] Genu valgum is often a clinical diagnosis. Patients with this condition are typically asymptomatic but may present with medial-sided knee and/or ankle pain. […] The Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America recommends long-leg alignment imaging for evaluating pathologic genu valgum. Further, hemiepiphysiodesis is the treatment of choice in patients who are skeletally immature and osteotomies in patients who are skeletally mature. Outcomes are improved with prompt consultations and good communication with subspecialty groups.

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