Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Asthma Attack: Causes, Symptoms, Duration & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/asthma-attack

  An asthma attack happens when an asthma trigger seriously irritates your lungs. Your lungs react by becoming swollen and inflamed. The muscles of your lungs tighten and produce extra mucus. The extra mucus, coupled with the inflammation, narrows your airways and makes it harder for air to get into your lungs. […] Asthma attacks typically happen due to a trigger. These triggers are sometimes within your control, but sometimes, out of your control. Some common asthma triggers include: Indoor allergens like dust, pet dander or mold. Outdoor allergens like pollen from grass or plants. Respiratory infections or viruses like a cold or the flu. Strong smells like fuel, tobacco smoke, perfume or other airborne pollutants. Hormonal changes. Strong emotional changes or feelings of stress (it can change your normal breathing pattern). Exercising or overexerting yourself. High humidity or extreme temperature changes. Wildfire smoke or other outdoor air pollutants. […] Certain factors increase your risk, including: Having had an asthma attack in the past. Using your rescue inhaler more than usual. Having a chronic health condition like cardiovascular disease or diabetes. Unmanaged environmental allergies.

• #2 About Asthma | Asthma | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/about/index.html

  Asthma causes wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing at night or early in the morning. […] If you have asthma, you have it all the time, but you will have asthma attacks only when something bothers your lungs. […] An asthma attack may include coughing, chest tightness, wheezing, and trouble breathing. […] During an asthma attack, the sides of the airways in your lungs swell and the airways shrink. […] Less air gets in and out of your lungs, and mucous that your body makes clogs up the airways. […] Take your medicine exactly as your doctor tells you and stay away from things that can trigger an attack to control your asthma. […] Removing asthma triggers in the home, along with proper medical care can improve health. […] Asthma can be controlled with medications and avoiding triggers that cause an attack.

• #3 Asthma Attacks – Global Allergy & Airways Patient PlatformExpandExpandExpandExpandExpandExpandToggle MenuScroll to topScroll to topExpandExpandExpandExpandExpandExpand

  https://gaapp.org/diseases/asthma/asthma-attacks-triggers-symptoms

  Asthma attacks can be mild or severe. It’s more common to experience mild asthma attacks, which may only last minutes. However, severe asthma attacks can last from hours to days and can be a medical emergency. […] If you have asthma, then it’s important that you know what to do – and not do – if you have an asthma attack. […] When you experience an asthma attack, your airways narrow and it gets more difficult to breathe. An asthma attack can come on slowly and gradually, for example, if your usual symptoms aren’t so well controlled or if you’ve not been using your preventer inhaler as regularly as you should be. […] Other factors that can trigger asthma attacks include a sudden change in the temperature and cold weather, environmental factors, allergens and even stress or certain foods and drinks.

• #4 Asthma Attack: Causes, Early Warning Signs, and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/asthma/asthma-attack

  An asthma attack is a sudden worsening of asthma symptoms caused by the tightening of muscles around your airways. This tightening is called a bronchospasm. […] Some people with asthma may go for extended periods without having an asthma attack or other symptoms, interrupted by periodic worsening of their symptoms due to exposure to asthma triggers such as exercise or exposure to cold air. […] Without immediate asthma medicine and asthma treatment, your breathing may become more labored, and wheezing may get louder. […] If you do not receive adequate treatment for an asthma attack, you may eventually be unable to speak and can develop a bluish coloring around your lips. […] Early warning signs are changes that happen just before or at the very beginning of an asthma attack. […] The severity of an asthma attack can escalate rapidly, so it’s important to treat these symptoms immediately once you recognize them.

• #5 Asthma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma

  Asthma is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Environmental factors include exposure to air pollution and allergens. Other potential triggers include medications such as aspirin and beta blockers. […] Asthma is caused by a combination of complex and incompletely understood environmental and genetic interactions. These influence both its severity and its responsiveness to treatment. It is believed that the recent increased rates of asthma are due to changing epigenetics (heritable factors other than those related to the DNA sequence) and a changing living environment. Asthma that starts before the age of 12 years old is more likely due to genetic influence, while onset after age 12 is more likely due to environmental influence. […] Many environmental factors have been associated with asthma’s development and exacerbation, including allergens, air pollution, and other environmental chemicals. There are some substances that are known to cause asthma in exposed people and they are called asthmagens. Some common asthmagens include ammonia, latex, pesticides, solder and welding fumes, metal or wood dusts, spraying of isocyanate paint in vehicle repair, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, anhydrides, glues, dyes, metal working fluids, oil mists, moulds.

• #6 Asthma: Symptoms and Causes

  https://icfamilymedicine.com/asthma-symptoms-and-causes/

  Asthma attacks are not age-specific; children and adults can have asthma attacks. […] A person with asthma must know how to identify attack symptoms and their causes. Failing to recognize asthma attacks can result in fatalities. […] One or more of the following causes can trigger asthma attacks in adults and children. […] The common reasons for asthma attacks in children are: allergies to pet dander, mold, pollen, dust mites, and other sources; exposure to chilly, cold air; certain medicines; polluted air; smoke from tobacco and other sources; genetics, if one or both of the parents has asthma; specific physical exercises in cold or dry weather. […] Many causes can trigger asthma attacks in adults. Reasons vary from person to person, and there are many common causes that they share with children: allergies from pollen, dust mites, and specific foods; smoke from different sources like brush fires, tobacco, and/or other sources; chemicals, perfumes, or specific environmental conditions; physical exercise; viruses and infections; expression of intense emotions like laughter, yelling, or stress.

• #7 What Causes Asthma Attacks | Norton Children’s Louisville, Ky.

  https://nortonchildrens.com/services/pediatric-pulmonologist/services/asthma/causes/

  Various triggers — materials in the air, such as smoke and pollution, as well as some respiratory infections — can cause asthma attacks. […] Flu, colds, sinus infections and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause an attack. […] During an asthma attack, the lungs and other parts of the upper respiratory system can react quickly to the trigger, causing airways to constrict and become obstructed. Difficulty breathing can occur in waves, with moments of relief between gasps for breath. […] Inflammation – The inner lining of the airways swells due to a trigger, making them more sensitive. […] Hypersecretion – An increase in the production of sticky mucus, commonly known as phlegm or referred to as sputum. […] Bronchoconstriction – The muscles around the airways tighten, making the airways even more narrow, and the lungs become more sensitive. […] Airway obstruction – Extra mucus and inflammatory swelling block the airways.

• #8 Asthma Attack: Causes, Symptoms, Treatments, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/asthma/asthma-attack

  Asthma attacks can be triggered by a number of things, from allergies to illnesses. Triggers can vary from person to person. […] Common triggers include: exposure to an allergen, such as pollen, dust mites, or animal dander; airborne irritants, such as smoke, chemical fumes, and strong odors; respiratory infections; strenuous exercise, which can lead to exercise-induced asthma; cold weather; dry air; humidity; gastroesophageal reflux (GERD); intense emotions or stress. […] An asthma attack is an acute exacerbation of asthma. This means the symptoms can be sudden and severe. An asthma attack causes the muscles around the bronchial tubes to squeeze together. This means those air pathways become even smaller and it becomes very hard to breathe.

• #9 What Causes Asthma Attacks | Norton Children’s Louisville, Ky.

  https://nortonchildrens.com/services/pediatric-pulmonologist/services/asthma/causes/

  Various triggers — materials in the air, such as smoke and pollution, as well as some respiratory infections — can cause asthma attacks. […] Flu, colds, sinus infections and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause an attack. […] During an asthma attack, the lungs and other parts of the upper respiratory system can react quickly to the trigger, causing airways to constrict and become obstructed. Difficulty breathing can occur in waves, with moments of relief between gasps for breath. […] Inflammation – The inner lining of the airways swells due to a trigger, making them more sensitive. […] Hypersecretion – An increase in the production of sticky mucus, commonly known as phlegm or referred to as sputum. […] Bronchoconstriction – The muscles around the airways tighten, making the airways even more narrow, and the lungs become more sensitive. […] Airway obstruction – Extra mucus and inflammatory swelling block the airways.

• #10 What Causes Asthma Attacks | Norton Children’s Louisville, Ky.

  https://nortonchildrens.com/services/pediatric-pulmonologist/services/asthma/causes/

  Various triggers — materials in the air, such as smoke and pollution, as well as some respiratory infections — can cause asthma attacks. […] Flu, colds, sinus infections and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause an attack. […] During an asthma attack, the lungs and other parts of the upper respiratory system can react quickly to the trigger, causing airways to constrict and become obstructed. Difficulty breathing can occur in waves, with moments of relief between gasps for breath. […] Inflammation – The inner lining of the airways swells due to a trigger, making them more sensitive. […] Hypersecretion – An increase in the production of sticky mucus, commonly known as phlegm or referred to as sputum. […] Bronchoconstriction – The muscles around the airways tighten, making the airways even more narrow, and the lungs become more sensitive. […] Airway obstruction – Extra mucus and inflammatory swelling block the airways.

• #11 Asthma Attack: Causes, Early Warning Signs, and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/asthma/asthma-attack

  An asthma attack is a sudden worsening of asthma symptoms caused by the tightening of muscles around your airways. This tightening is called a bronchospasm. […] Some people with asthma may go for extended periods without having an asthma attack or other symptoms, interrupted by periodic worsening of their symptoms due to exposure to asthma triggers such as exercise or exposure to cold air. […] Without immediate asthma medicine and asthma treatment, your breathing may become more labored, and wheezing may get louder. […] If you do not receive adequate treatment for an asthma attack, you may eventually be unable to speak and can develop a bluish coloring around your lips. […] Early warning signs are changes that happen just before or at the very beginning of an asthma attack. […] The severity of an asthma attack can escalate rapidly, so it’s important to treat these symptoms immediately once you recognize them.

• #12

• #13 What Causes Asthma? | American Lung Association

  https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/asthma/learn-about-asthma/what-causes-asthma

  A combination of genetics and exposure to certain elements in the environment put people at the greatest risk of developing asthma for the first time. […] The most common factors for developing asthma are having a parent with asthma, having a severe respiratory infection as a child, having an allergic condition, or being exposed to certain chemical irritants or industrial dusts in the workplace. […] Scientists continue to explore what causes asthma, but we do know that these factors play an important role in the development of asthma: […] If you have a parent with asthma, you are three to six times more likely to develop asthma than someone who does not have a parent with asthma. […] Certain allergic conditions, such as atopic dermatitis (eczema) or allergic rhinitis (hay fever), are linked to people who get asthma.

• #14 Asthma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma

  Maternal psychological stress during pregnancy is a risk factor for the child to develop asthma. […] Asthma is associated with exposure to indoor allergens. Common indoor allergens include dust mites, cockroaches, animal dander (fragments of fur or feathers), and mould. […] The hygiene hypothesis attempts to explain the increased rates of asthma worldwide as a direct and unintended result of reduced exposure, during childhood, to non-pathogenic bacteria and viruses. […] Family history is a risk factor for asthma, with many different genes being implicated. If one identical twin is affected, the probability of the other having the disease is approximately 25%. […] Some genetic variants may only cause asthma when they are combined with specific environmental exposures. An example is a specific single nucleotide polymorphism in the CD14 region and exposure to endotoxin (a bacterial product). Endotoxin exposure can come from several environmental sources including tobacco smoke, dogs, and farms. Risk for asthma, then, is determined by both a person’s genetics and the level of endotoxin exposure.

• #15 What Causes Asthma? | American Lung Association

  https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/asthma/learn-about-asthma/what-causes-asthma

  A combination of genetics and exposure to certain elements in the environment put people at the greatest risk of developing asthma for the first time. […] The most common factors for developing asthma are having a parent with asthma, having a severe respiratory infection as a child, having an allergic condition, or being exposed to certain chemical irritants or industrial dusts in the workplace. […] Scientists continue to explore what causes asthma, but we do know that these factors play an important role in the development of asthma: […] If you have a parent with asthma, you are three to six times more likely to develop asthma than someone who does not have a parent with asthma. […] Certain allergic conditions, such as atopic dermatitis (eczema) or allergic rhinitis (hay fever), are linked to people who get asthma.

• #16 Understanding Asthma – Asthma Canada

  https://asthma.ca/get-help/understanding-asthma/

  Asthma is caused by two types of triggers. […] Its cause is still largely unknown, but researchers have determined that asthma can be caused by both hereditary and environmental factors. […] Research has yet to show a definitive cause of asthma. However, researchers have determined several risk factors that can lead to asthma development. […] Children of mothers with asthma are three times more likely to suffer from asthma, and 2.5 times more likely if the father has asthma. […] People are more likely to have asthma if they have certain types of allergies, such ones which can affect the eyes and nose. […] Children born before 37 weeks are at increased risk of developing asthma later in life. […] There are more than 200 substances including gases, dust participles and chemical fumes and vapours that can cause asthma in the workplace. […] Women can develop adult-onset asthma during or after menopause. […] Smoking, exhaust fumes and airborne particulate matter can be linked to causing asthma. […] Extra weight around the chest might squeeze the lungs and make it more difficult to inhale.

• #17 Asthma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430901/

  Asthma is a chronic inflammatory respiratory condition characterized by hallmark symptoms of intermittent dyspnea, cough, and wheezing. […] The development of asthma, often presenting in childhood, involves a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors associated with atopy. […] Despite significant advancements in understanding the underlying genetic loci, environmental triggers, and risk factors, clinical strategies remain lacking to mitigate the risks of persistent asthma development into adolescence and adulthood. […] Asthma manifests with diverse phenotypes, likely influenced by intricate interactions between genetic and environmental factors. […] Genomewide association studies have linked childhood-onset asthma to markers near the ORMDL sphingolipid biosynthesis regulator 3 (ORMDL3) and gasdermin B (GSDMB) genes on chromosome 17q21, encoding ORM1-like protein 3 and gasdermin-like protein.

• #18 Asthma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430901/

  Other associations include genes such as interleukin-33 (IL33), IL-1 receptor-like 1 (IL1R1) genes, and a novel susceptibility locus at the IF-inducible protein X (PYHIN1) gene, particularly affecting individuals of African descent. […] The EVE Consortium also identifies a susceptibility locus for thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), an epithelial cell-derived cytokine implicated in asthma-related inflammation initiation. […] Risk factors for asthma development encompass exposures throughout a patient’s lifespan, including the perinatal period. […] The most substantial known risk factor is atopy, which is characterized by the genetic tendency to produce specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies in response to common environmental allergens. […] Prematurity is the most crucial risk factor influencing asthma incidence during this period.

• #19 Asthma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430901/

  Other associations include genes such as interleukin-33 (IL33), IL-1 receptor-like 1 (IL1R1) genes, and a novel susceptibility locus at the IF-inducible protein X (PYHIN1) gene, particularly affecting individuals of African descent. […] The EVE Consortium also identifies a susceptibility locus for thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), an epithelial cell-derived cytokine implicated in asthma-related inflammation initiation. […] Risk factors for asthma development encompass exposures throughout a patient’s lifespan, including the perinatal period. […] The most substantial known risk factor is atopy, which is characterized by the genetic tendency to produce specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies in response to common environmental allergens. […] Prematurity is the most crucial risk factor influencing asthma incidence during this period.

• #20 Asthma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma

  Maternal psychological stress during pregnancy is a risk factor for the child to develop asthma. […] Asthma is associated with exposure to indoor allergens. Common indoor allergens include dust mites, cockroaches, animal dander (fragments of fur or feathers), and mould. […] The hygiene hypothesis attempts to explain the increased rates of asthma worldwide as a direct and unintended result of reduced exposure, during childhood, to non-pathogenic bacteria and viruses. […] Family history is a risk factor for asthma, with many different genes being implicated. If one identical twin is affected, the probability of the other having the disease is approximately 25%. […] Some genetic variants may only cause asthma when they are combined with specific environmental exposures. An example is a specific single nucleotide polymorphism in the CD14 region and exposure to endotoxin (a bacterial product). Endotoxin exposure can come from several environmental sources including tobacco smoke, dogs, and farms. Risk for asthma, then, is determined by both a person’s genetics and the level of endotoxin exposure.

• #21 Asthma: Types, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6424-asthma

  Asthma causes bronchospasms, inflammation, thick mucus and constriction in the airways. […] Asthma has multiple causes: […] Allergic: Some peoples allergies can cause an asthma attack. Allergens include things like molds, pollens and pet dander. […] Non-allergic: Outside factors can cause asthma to flare up. Exercise, stress, illness and weather may cause a flare. […] Researchers dont know why some people have asthma while others dont. But certain factors present a higher risk: […] Allergies: Having allergies can raise your risk of developing asthma. […] Environmental factors: People can develop asthma after exposure to things that irritate the airways. These substances include allergens, toxins, fumes and second- or third-hand smoke. […] Genetics: If your family has a history of asthma or allergic diseases, you have a higher risk of developing the disease.

• #22 Asthma Attack: Causes, Symptoms, Duration & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/asthma-attack

  An asthma attack happens when an asthma trigger seriously irritates your lungs. Your lungs react by becoming swollen and inflamed. The muscles of your lungs tighten and produce extra mucus. The extra mucus, coupled with the inflammation, narrows your airways and makes it harder for air to get into your lungs. […] Asthma attacks typically happen due to a trigger. These triggers are sometimes within your control, but sometimes, out of your control. Some common asthma triggers include: Indoor allergens like dust, pet dander or mold. Outdoor allergens like pollen from grass or plants. Respiratory infections or viruses like a cold or the flu. Strong smells like fuel, tobacco smoke, perfume or other airborne pollutants. Hormonal changes. Strong emotional changes or feelings of stress (it can change your normal breathing pattern). Exercising or overexerting yourself. High humidity or extreme temperature changes. Wildfire smoke or other outdoor air pollutants. […] Certain factors increase your risk, including: Having had an asthma attack in the past. Using your rescue inhaler more than usual. Having a chronic health condition like cardiovascular disease or diabetes. Unmanaged environmental allergies.

• #23 Asthma Attack | Causes, Symptoms & Treatment | ACAAI Public Website

  https://acaai.org/asthma/symptoms/asthma-attack/

  Asthma is an inflammation and obstruction of the bronchial tubes — the passages that allow air to enter and leave the lungs. […] An asthma attack can be triggered by exposure to an allergen, such as tree, grass or weed pollen, dust mites, cockroaches or animal dander. Other common triggers are irritants in the air, such as smoke or chemical fumes, and strong odors, such as perfume. […] Certain illnesses — particularly the flu, sinusitis or even a mild upper respiratory infection — may also trigger an asthma attack, as can strenuous exercise, extreme weather conditions and strong emotions that change normal breathing patterns.

• #24 Asthma: Types, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6424-asthma

  Asthma causes bronchospasms, inflammation, thick mucus and constriction in the airways. […] Asthma has multiple causes: […] Allergic: Some peoples allergies can cause an asthma attack. Allergens include things like molds, pollens and pet dander. […] Non-allergic: Outside factors can cause asthma to flare up. Exercise, stress, illness and weather may cause a flare. […] Researchers dont know why some people have asthma while others dont. But certain factors present a higher risk: […] Allergies: Having allergies can raise your risk of developing asthma. […] Environmental factors: People can develop asthma after exposure to things that irritate the airways. These substances include allergens, toxins, fumes and second- or third-hand smoke. […] Genetics: If your family has a history of asthma or allergic diseases, you have a higher risk of developing the disease.

• #25 Asthma: Types, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6424-asthma

  Respiratory infections: Certain respiratory infections, such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), can damage young childrens developing lungs. […] You can have an asthma attack if you come in contact with substances that irritate you. Healthcare providers call these substances triggers. […] Triggers can be different for each person. But some common triggers include: […] Air pollution: Many things outside can cause an asthma attack. Air pollution includes factory emissions, car exhaust, wildfire smoke and more. […] Dust mites: You cant see these bugs, but they are in our homes. If you have a dust mite allergy, this can cause an asthma attack. […] Exercise: For some people, exercising can cause an attack. […] Mold: Damp places can spawn mold, which can cause problems if you have asthma.

• #26 Asthma: Types, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6424-asthma

  Pests: Cockroaches, mice and other household pests can cause asthma attacks. […] Pets: Your pets can cause asthma attacks. If youre allergic to pet dander (dried skin flakes), breathing in the dander can irritate your airways. […] Tobacco smoke: If you or someone in your home smokes, you have a higher risk of developing asthma. […] Strong chemicals or smells. These things can trigger attacks in some people. […] Certain occupational exposures. You can be exposed to many things at your job, including cleaning products, dust from flour or wood, or other chemicals. These can all be triggers if you have asthma.

• #27 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Causes-of-Asthma.aspx

  The incidence of individuals diagnosed with asthma appears to be on the rise, which brings us to the question why people are more likely to have asthma today and what is causing it. […] The high levels of sanitation are proposed to have resulted in a dramatic decline in exposure to organisms and infections in early childhood. This may have an effect on the development of the immune system and result in an increased risk for asthma. […] Additionally, the levels of air pollution have risen in many areas in recent times, which may cause increased exposure to irritants and risk of acquiring asthma. […] Triggers for asthma that can worsen the condition include: Indoor allergens such as dust mites, mold, and pet dander, Outdoor allergens such as pollen from grass and trees, Respiratory infections, Physical activity, Cold air, Sulfites and other food preservatives, Stress, Air pollutant and irritants (e.g., smoke or fumes), Medications (e.g., beta blockers or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)), Medical conditions (e.g. gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)).

• #28 Asthma: Types, Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6424-asthma

  Pests: Cockroaches, mice and other household pests can cause asthma attacks. […] Pets: Your pets can cause asthma attacks. If youre allergic to pet dander (dried skin flakes), breathing in the dander can irritate your airways. […] Tobacco smoke: If you or someone in your home smokes, you have a higher risk of developing asthma. […] Strong chemicals or smells. These things can trigger attacks in some people. […] Certain occupational exposures. You can be exposed to many things at your job, including cleaning products, dust from flour or wood, or other chemicals. These can all be triggers if you have asthma.

• #29 Asthma | Asthma and Respiratory

  https://health.ucdavis.edu/conditions/asthma

  Asthma is a chronic lung condition. During an asthma attack, inflammation and constriction in your airways and excess mucus can make it hard to breathe. […] The cause of asthma is unknown, but many different things can irritate your lungs and cause asthma symptoms or an attack. Triggers include: […] Air pollution, chemical fumes, tobacco smoke, pollen, dust and other airborne irritants can cause asthma symptoms. […] The droppings from cockroaches, dust mites, mice, rats and other pests can trigger asthma symptoms. […] Physical activity often triggers asthma symptoms (exercise-induced asthma). […] Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) causes stomach acid to flow up from your stomach, which can trigger asthma symptoms. […] Viral infections that affect your lungs can cause asthma attacks or make your symptoms worse. […] Mold that grows inside buildings can trigger asthma symptoms. […] If you’re allergic to animal dander, being around pets can cause asthma symptoms.

• #30 Asthma attack – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/asthma-attack/symptoms-causes/syc-20354268

  Asthma is usually a lifelong disease of inflammation in the lungs caused by an overactive immune system. Inflammation in the lungs includes the tightening of muscles around airways, swelling of tissues in the airways and the release of mucus that can block airways. When this happens, it’s difficult to breathe. […] Asthma attacks occur when something triggers the immune system to take action. Triggers may include: […] Allergic reaction to pollen, pets, mold, cockroaches and dust mites. […] Colds, the flu or other illnesses affecting the nose, mouth and throat. […] Tobacco smoke. […] Cold, dry air. […] Exercise. […] A condition called gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) that results in stomach acids entering the tube between the mouth and stomach. […] Pollution or irritating chemicals in the air. […] Pain relievers, such as aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, and some other medicines. […] Depression or anxiety.

• #31 Asthma Attacks – Causes And Prevention Supreme Care ER 24/7

  https://www.supremecare24.com/asthma-attacks-causes-and-prevention/

  We still dont know the exact cause of asthma. Still, researchers believe genetic and environmental factors play a role in its development, usually before age 5. However, asthma can also manifest for the first time during adulthood. […] Symptoms typically appear in response to asthma triggers such as tobacco smoke, dust mites, air pollutants, cockroaches and other pests, pet dander, mold, some cleaning solutions and chemicals, and pollen. Other triggers include exercise, chemical fumes, and gases. […] The best way to prevent an asthma attack is by avoiding known triggers. Do your best to avoid tobacco smoke, air pollutants, and strong smells you know can cause asthma flare-ups.

• #32 Asthma | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/lungs-and-airways/asthma/

  Common asthma triggers include: infections in the upper airways like colds and the flu; dust mites; animal fur; feathers; pollen; cigarette smoke; chemical fumes; pollution; exercise; mould or damp; emotions including stress or laughing; food allergies; certain weather; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like aspirin and ibuprofen; beta-blockers sometimes given for high blood pressure or some types of heart disease; foods containing sulphites such as concentrated fruit juice, jam, prawns and many processed or pre-cooked meals. […] Asthma may also be triggered by allergens or chemicals breathed in at work. Speak to your GP if you think your symptoms are worse at work and get better on holiday.

• #33 Asthma explained | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/asthma

  Asthma causes the muscles in the airways to tighten and the lining of the airway becomes swollen and inflamed, producing sticky mucous. These changes cause the airways to become narrow, making it difficult to breathe. […] Asthma can be triggered by a range of factors such as pollen, house dust mites, cigarette smoke, exercise or associated with a common cold. […] The triggers for asthma symptoms vary for different people. Some common triggers are: allergy triggers such as house dust mites, pollens, pets and moulds, cigarette smoke, viral infections for example, colds and flu, cold air or changes in the weather, work-related triggers for example, wood dust, chemicals, metal salts, exercise, some medication. […] In addition, asthma can also be triggered by a combination of high grass pollen levels and a certain type of thunderstorm, causing many people to develop asthma symptoms over a short period of time. This is known as thunderstorm asthma.

• #34 Asthma – causes, symptoms and complications | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/asthma

  Asthma is a long-term lung condition that is caused when your airways narrow. […] Experts aren’t sure why some people get asthma and others don’t. You are more likely to have asthma if someone in your immediate family has: asthma, hay fever, allergies, eczema. […] Children have a higher chance of developing asthma if: they were born prematurely or with a low birth weight, their mother smoked during pregnancy, they live in a house with people who smoke, they have been exposed to air pollution or mould. […] Healthy adults can also develop asthma after extended exposure to: air pollution such as fumes that irritate your lungs, breathing in dusts that you’re allergic to. […] Common triggers of asthma are: allergens such as pollen, dust, food items and mould (allergic asthma), smoke from cigarettes, bushfires and traffic pollution, other irritants such as cleaning products, perfumes, aerosol products and some workplace chemicals, physical activity, infection from viruses. […] Asthma triggered by physical activity is known as exercise-induced asthma. Asthma triggered by allergens in the air during stormy weather is known as thunderstorm asthma.

• #35 Asthma attack – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/asthma-attack/symptoms-causes/syc-20354268

  Asthma is usually a lifelong disease of inflammation in the lungs caused by an overactive immune system. Inflammation in the lungs includes the tightening of muscles around airways, swelling of tissues in the airways and the release of mucus that can block airways. When this happens, it’s difficult to breathe. […] Asthma attacks occur when something triggers the immune system to take action. Triggers may include: […] Allergic reaction to pollen, pets, mold, cockroaches and dust mites. […] Colds, the flu or other illnesses affecting the nose, mouth and throat. […] Tobacco smoke. […] Cold, dry air. […] Exercise. […] A condition called gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) that results in stomach acids entering the tube between the mouth and stomach. […] Pollution or irritating chemicals in the air. […] Pain relievers, such as aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, and some other medicines. […] Depression or anxiety.

• #36 Asthma Attack | Causes, Symptoms & Treatment | ACAAI Public Website

  https://acaai.org/asthma/symptoms/asthma-attack/

  Asthma is an inflammation and obstruction of the bronchial tubes — the passages that allow air to enter and leave the lungs. […] An asthma attack can be triggered by exposure to an allergen, such as tree, grass or weed pollen, dust mites, cockroaches or animal dander. Other common triggers are irritants in the air, such as smoke or chemical fumes, and strong odors, such as perfume. […] Certain illnesses — particularly the flu, sinusitis or even a mild upper respiratory infection — may also trigger an asthma attack, as can strenuous exercise, extreme weather conditions and strong emotions that change normal breathing patterns.

• #37 What Causes Asthma? | American Lung Association

  https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/asthma/learn-about-asthma/what-causes-asthma

  Respiratory problems during infancy and childhood can cause wheezing. Some children who experience viral respiratory infections go on to develop chronic asthma. […] If you have asthma, exposures to certain elements in the workplace can cause asthma symptoms. And, for some people, exposure to certain dusts (industrial or wood dusts), chemical fumes and vapors, and molds can cause asthma to develop for the very first time. […] Cigarette smoke irritates the airways. Smokers have a high risk of asthma. Those whose mothers smoked during pregnancy or who were exposed to secondhand smoke are also more likely to have asthma. […] Exposure to the main component of smog (ozone) raises the risk for asthma. Those who grew up or live in urban areas have a higher risk for asthma. […] Children and adults who are overweight or obese are at a greater risk of asthma. Although the reasons are unclear, some experts point to low-grade inflammation in the body that occurs with extra weight. Obese patients often use more medications, suffer worse symptoms and are less able to control their asthma than patients in a healthy weight range.

• #38

  https://reverehealth.com/live-better/causes-of-asthma/

  Its estimated by the National Institutes of Healths (NIH) National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, that about 22 million people in the United States have asthma, a long-term disease that causes the airways to narrow and become inflamed. […] Scientists are not sure exactly what causes asthma, though they believe that environmental and genetic factors work together to make some people more likely to have this chronic lung disease than others. […] Asthma can be triggered by a number of sources. Some of the most common are allergens, upper respiratory infections, environmental irritants, and exercise. […] Some medications, such as aspirin, can trigger an asthma attack while other people might be sensitive to sulfites in their foods and beverages. […] Delaying treatment could result in an asthma attack becoming severe which could require emergency treatment. In some cases, severe asthma attacks can be fatal. […] Inhaled corticosteroids are the most common way to treat asthma and reduce inflammation in the airways.

• #39 Asthma Attack: Causes, Symptoms, Duration & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/asthma-attack

  An asthma attack happens when an asthma trigger seriously irritates your lungs. Your lungs react by becoming swollen and inflamed. The muscles of your lungs tighten and produce extra mucus. The extra mucus, coupled with the inflammation, narrows your airways and makes it harder for air to get into your lungs. […] Asthma attacks typically happen due to a trigger. These triggers are sometimes within your control, but sometimes, out of your control. Some common asthma triggers include: Indoor allergens like dust, pet dander or mold. Outdoor allergens like pollen from grass or plants. Respiratory infections or viruses like a cold or the flu. Strong smells like fuel, tobacco smoke, perfume or other airborne pollutants. Hormonal changes. Strong emotional changes or feelings of stress (it can change your normal breathing pattern). Exercising or overexerting yourself. High humidity or extreme temperature changes. Wildfire smoke or other outdoor air pollutants. […] Certain factors increase your risk, including: Having had an asthma attack in the past. Using your rescue inhaler more than usual. Having a chronic health condition like cardiovascular disease or diabetes. Unmanaged environmental allergies.

• #40 What Causes Asthma Attacks? | TotalCare

  https://totalcare.us/blog/what-causes-asthma-attacks/

  Asthma attacks are not merely random occurrences but are often precipitated by specific triggers that interact with the body’s immune system in a complex manner. […] Environmental Allergens: Common allergens, including pollen, dust mites, mold spores, and animal dander, can provoke asthma attacks. […] Respiratory Illnesses: Viral and bacterial infections, such as the common cold or flu, can significantly exacerbate asthma symptoms. […] Environmental Pollutants and Irritants: Smoke (from tobacco or fires), air pollution, and strong odors (from paints or cleaning agents) can irritate the airways and lead to asthma flare-ups. […] Physical Activity: Exercise, especially in cold and dry air, can trigger exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), known as exercise-induced asthma. […] Emotional Stress: Emotional stress and anxiety can lead to tightened airways, making it harder to breathe and potentially triggering an asthma attack.

• #41 Asthma: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/296301-overview

  Factors that can contribute to asthma or airway hyperreactivity may include any of the following: […] Environmental allergens (eg, house dust mites; animal allergens, especially cat and dog; cockroach allergens; and fungi) […] Viral respiratory tract infections […] Exercise, hyperventilation […] Gastroesophageal reflux disease […] Chronic sinusitis or rhinitis […] Aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) hypersensitivity, sulfite sensitivity […] Use of beta-adrenergic receptor blockers (including ophthalmic preparations) […] Obesity […] Environmental pollutants, tobacco smoke […] Occupational exposure […] Irritants (eg, household sprays, paint fumes) […] Various high- and low-molecular-weight compounds (eg, insects, plants, latex, gums, diisocyanates, anhydrides, wood dust, and fluxes; associated with occupational asthma) […] Emotional factors or stress […] Perinatal factors (prematurity and increased maternal age; maternal smoking and prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke; breastfeeding has not been definitely shown to be protective).

• #42 Asthma: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/296301-overview

  The triad of asthma, aspirin sensitivity, and nasal polyps affects 5-10% of patients with asthma. Most patients experience symptoms during the third to fourth decade. A single dose can provoke an acute asthma exacerbation, accompanied by rhinorrhea, conjunctival irritation, and flushing of the head and neck. It can also occur with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and is caused by an increase in eosinophils and cysteinyl leukotrienes after exposure. […] The presence of acid in the distal esophagus, mediated via vagal or other neural reflexes, can significantly increase airway resistance and airway reactivity. Patients with asthma are 3 times more likely to also have GERD. […] Occupational factors are associated with 10-15% of adult asthma cases. More than 300 specific occupational agents have been associated with asthma. […] Evidence suggests that rhinovirus illness during infancy is a significant risk factor for the development of wheezing in preschool children and a frequent trigger of wheezing illnesses in children with asthma. […] Of patients with asthma, 50% have concurrent sinus disease. Sinusitis is the most important exacerbating factor for asthma symptoms. Either acute infectious sinus disease or chronic inflammation may contribute to worsening airway symptoms. […] Exercise-induced asthma (EIA), or exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), is an asthma variant defined as a condition in which exercise or vigorous physical activity triggers acute bronchoconstriction in persons with heightened airway reactivity. […] Research on genetic mutations casts further light on the synergistic nature of multiple mutations in the pathophysiology of asthma. […] A study by Cottrell et al explored the relationship between asthma, obesity, and abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism. […]

• #43 Asthma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430901/

  Two types of occupational asthma exist based on their appearance after a latency period: Occupational asthma triggered by workplace sensitizers results from an allergic or immunological process associated with a latency period induced by both low- and high-molecular-weight agents. […] Occupational asthma caused by irritants involves a nonallergic or nonimmunological process induced by gases, fumes, smoke, and aerosols.

• #44 Asthma attack – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/asthma-attack/symptoms-causes/syc-20354268

  Asthma is usually a lifelong disease of inflammation in the lungs caused by an overactive immune system. Inflammation in the lungs includes the tightening of muscles around airways, swelling of tissues in the airways and the release of mucus that can block airways. When this happens, it’s difficult to breathe. […] Asthma attacks occur when something triggers the immune system to take action. Triggers may include: […] Allergic reaction to pollen, pets, mold, cockroaches and dust mites. […] Colds, the flu or other illnesses affecting the nose, mouth and throat. […] Tobacco smoke. […] Cold, dry air. […] Exercise. […] A condition called gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) that results in stomach acids entering the tube between the mouth and stomach. […] Pollution or irritating chemicals in the air. […] Pain relievers, such as aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, and some other medicines. […] Depression or anxiety.

• #45 Asthma Attack | Causes, Symptoms & Treatment | ACAAI Public Website

  https://acaai.org/asthma/symptoms/asthma-attack/

  Asthma is an inflammation and obstruction of the bronchial tubes — the passages that allow air to enter and leave the lungs. […] An asthma attack can be triggered by exposure to an allergen, such as tree, grass or weed pollen, dust mites, cockroaches or animal dander. Other common triggers are irritants in the air, such as smoke or chemical fumes, and strong odors, such as perfume. […] Certain illnesses — particularly the flu, sinusitis or even a mild upper respiratory infection — may also trigger an asthma attack, as can strenuous exercise, extreme weather conditions and strong emotions that change normal breathing patterns.

• #46 Asthma: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/296301-overview

  The triad of asthma, aspirin sensitivity, and nasal polyps affects 5-10% of patients with asthma. Most patients experience symptoms during the third to fourth decade. A single dose can provoke an acute asthma exacerbation, accompanied by rhinorrhea, conjunctival irritation, and flushing of the head and neck. It can also occur with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and is caused by an increase in eosinophils and cysteinyl leukotrienes after exposure. […] The presence of acid in the distal esophagus, mediated via vagal or other neural reflexes, can significantly increase airway resistance and airway reactivity. Patients with asthma are 3 times more likely to also have GERD. […] Occupational factors are associated with 10-15% of adult asthma cases. More than 300 specific occupational agents have been associated with asthma. […] Evidence suggests that rhinovirus illness during infancy is a significant risk factor for the development of wheezing in preschool children and a frequent trigger of wheezing illnesses in children with asthma. […] Of patients with asthma, 50% have concurrent sinus disease. Sinusitis is the most important exacerbating factor for asthma symptoms. Either acute infectious sinus disease or chronic inflammation may contribute to worsening airway symptoms. […] Exercise-induced asthma (EIA), or exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), is an asthma variant defined as a condition in which exercise or vigorous physical activity triggers acute bronchoconstriction in persons with heightened airway reactivity. […] Research on genetic mutations casts further light on the synergistic nature of multiple mutations in the pathophysiology of asthma. […] A study by Cottrell et al explored the relationship between asthma, obesity, and abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism. […]

• #47 Asthma: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/296301-overview

  The triad of asthma, aspirin sensitivity, and nasal polyps affects 5-10% of patients with asthma. Most patients experience symptoms during the third to fourth decade. A single dose can provoke an acute asthma exacerbation, accompanied by rhinorrhea, conjunctival irritation, and flushing of the head and neck. It can also occur with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and is caused by an increase in eosinophils and cysteinyl leukotrienes after exposure. […] The presence of acid in the distal esophagus, mediated via vagal or other neural reflexes, can significantly increase airway resistance and airway reactivity. Patients with asthma are 3 times more likely to also have GERD. […] Occupational factors are associated with 10-15% of adult asthma cases. More than 300 specific occupational agents have been associated with asthma. […] Evidence suggests that rhinovirus illness during infancy is a significant risk factor for the development of wheezing in preschool children and a frequent trigger of wheezing illnesses in children with asthma. […] Of patients with asthma, 50% have concurrent sinus disease. Sinusitis is the most important exacerbating factor for asthma symptoms. Either acute infectious sinus disease or chronic inflammation may contribute to worsening airway symptoms. […] Exercise-induced asthma (EIA), or exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), is an asthma variant defined as a condition in which exercise or vigorous physical activity triggers acute bronchoconstriction in persons with heightened airway reactivity. […] Research on genetic mutations casts further light on the synergistic nature of multiple mutations in the pathophysiology of asthma. […] A study by Cottrell et al explored the relationship between asthma, obesity, and abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism. […]

• #48

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/allergies-asthma/Pages/asthma-triggers-and-what-to-do-about-them.aspx

  One of the most common triggers for an asthma flare is a viral respiratory infection. Any virus can cause an asthma flare. The most frequent is rhinovirus the virus that causes the common cold. Other viruses linked to asthma flares are respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza (flu) and parainfluenza infections. […] Pollutants can irritate the lungs and increase airway inflammation. Tobacco smoke is especially damaging to the lungs and can trigger asthma flares. Children who are exposed to environmental tobacco smoke have more wheezing, more severe asthma and longer lasting symptoms. […] Asthma flares from indoor allergens are common in children with allergies. These allergens include dust mites, cockroaches, mice and pet dander. […] Seasonal exposure to outdoor allergens can also trigger asthma exacerbations. Pollens and molds are the most common outdoor allergens.

• #49

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/allergies-asthma/Pages/asthma-triggers-and-what-to-do-about-them.aspx

  One of the most common triggers for an asthma flare is a viral respiratory infection. Any virus can cause an asthma flare. The most frequent is rhinovirus the virus that causes the common cold. Other viruses linked to asthma flares are respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza (flu) and parainfluenza infections. […] Pollutants can irritate the lungs and increase airway inflammation. Tobacco smoke is especially damaging to the lungs and can trigger asthma flares. Children who are exposed to environmental tobacco smoke have more wheezing, more severe asthma and longer lasting symptoms. […] Asthma flares from indoor allergens are common in children with allergies. These allergens include dust mites, cockroaches, mice and pet dander. […] Seasonal exposure to outdoor allergens can also trigger asthma exacerbations. Pollens and molds are the most common outdoor allergens.

• #50 The Most Common Triggers of Asthma Attacks – Baton Rouge Clinic

  https://batonrougeclinic.com/news-education/asthma/

  Dry cold air has been known to bring on asthma attacks. […] If you have any type of respiratory illness or infection, from the common cold to the flu or Covid, it can irritate your airways and trigger asthma symptoms. […] If you take certain medications and find that your asthma is more difficult to control, talk to your doctor. […] It may not seem like your feelings can affect a condition as complex as asthma, but they can.

• #51 Asthma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430901/

  Exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy causes diminished pulmonary function in newborns and an increased probability of developing childhood asthma. […] Wheezing caused by viral infections, particularly respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus, may predispose infants and young children to develop asthma later in life. […] The most significant risk factors for adult-onset asthma include tobacco smoke, occupational exposure, and adults with rhinitis or atopy. […] The following factors can contribute to asthma and airway hyperreactivity: Exposure to environmental allergens such as house dust mites, animal allergens (especially from cats and dogs), cockroach allergens, and fungi. […] Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a condition characterized by a combination of asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis, and NSAID intolerance.

• #52 What is Asthma? Symptoms, Causes, & Treatment | TrueCare

  https://truecare.org/blog/what-is-asthma/

  Early-life exposure to certain viruses, such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) or rhinovirus, can also increase the risk of developing asthma later in life. […] Exposure to tobacco smoke, either during pregnancy or in early childhood, is another significant risk factor for asthma. […] Other factors that may increase the risk of asthma include being overweight or obese, as well as exposure to occupational triggers such as chemicals used in farming, hairdressing, or manufacturing. […] Certain lifestyle factors can influence the likelihood of developing asthma and the severity of symptoms. […] Smoking, whether active or passive, is a significant risk factor for asthma and can worsen symptoms in individuals with the condition. […] Lack of exercise and poor diet may also contribute to the development or exacerbation of asthma.

• #53 Asthma attack – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/asthma-attack/symptoms-causes/syc-20354268

  Asthma is usually a lifelong disease of inflammation in the lungs caused by an overactive immune system. Inflammation in the lungs includes the tightening of muscles around airways, swelling of tissues in the airways and the release of mucus that can block airways. When this happens, it’s difficult to breathe. […] Asthma attacks occur when something triggers the immune system to take action. Triggers may include: […] Allergic reaction to pollen, pets, mold, cockroaches and dust mites. […] Colds, the flu or other illnesses affecting the nose, mouth and throat. […] Tobacco smoke. […] Cold, dry air. […] Exercise. […] A condition called gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) that results in stomach acids entering the tube between the mouth and stomach. […] Pollution or irritating chemicals in the air. […] Pain relievers, such as aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, and some other medicines. […] Depression or anxiety.

• #54 Asthma Attack: Causes, Symptoms, Treatments, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/asthma/asthma-attack

  Asthma attacks can be triggered by a number of things, from allergies to illnesses. Triggers can vary from person to person. […] Common triggers include: exposure to an allergen, such as pollen, dust mites, or animal dander; airborne irritants, such as smoke, chemical fumes, and strong odors; respiratory infections; strenuous exercise, which can lead to exercise-induced asthma; cold weather; dry air; humidity; gastroesophageal reflux (GERD); intense emotions or stress. […] An asthma attack is an acute exacerbation of asthma. This means the symptoms can be sudden and severe. An asthma attack causes the muscles around the bronchial tubes to squeeze together. This means those air pathways become even smaller and it becomes very hard to breathe.

• #55 Asthma: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/296301-overview

  The triad of asthma, aspirin sensitivity, and nasal polyps affects 5-10% of patients with asthma. Most patients experience symptoms during the third to fourth decade. A single dose can provoke an acute asthma exacerbation, accompanied by rhinorrhea, conjunctival irritation, and flushing of the head and neck. It can also occur with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and is caused by an increase in eosinophils and cysteinyl leukotrienes after exposure. […] The presence of acid in the distal esophagus, mediated via vagal or other neural reflexes, can significantly increase airway resistance and airway reactivity. Patients with asthma are 3 times more likely to also have GERD. […] Occupational factors are associated with 10-15% of adult asthma cases. More than 300 specific occupational agents have been associated with asthma. […] Evidence suggests that rhinovirus illness during infancy is a significant risk factor for the development of wheezing in preschool children and a frequent trigger of wheezing illnesses in children with asthma. […] Of patients with asthma, 50% have concurrent sinus disease. Sinusitis is the most important exacerbating factor for asthma symptoms. Either acute infectious sinus disease or chronic inflammation may contribute to worsening airway symptoms. […] Exercise-induced asthma (EIA), or exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), is an asthma variant defined as a condition in which exercise or vigorous physical activity triggers acute bronchoconstriction in persons with heightened airway reactivity. […] Research on genetic mutations casts further light on the synergistic nature of multiple mutations in the pathophysiology of asthma. […] A study by Cottrell et al explored the relationship between asthma, obesity, and abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism. […]

• #56

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/allergies-asthma/Pages/asthma-triggers-and-what-to-do-about-them.aspx

  Household pets are a common indoor allergen and trigger for asthma flares. Cat and dog allergies are the most common, but hamsters, gerbils and rabbits can also cause symptoms. […] Cold and dry air can be irritating to the lungs, cause airway inflammation and trigger asthma flares. […] When they exercise, many people with asthma develop cough, wheezing, chest tightness and shortness of breath. […] Children who have asthma and are allergic to insects are at increased risk for an asthma flare after a sting. […] Stress and anxiety can sometimes increase airway inflammation and trigger asthma symptoms. Children with asthma are increased risk for asthma attacks after a difficult life event (such as after the death of a family member).

• #57 What Causes Asthma Attacks? | TotalCare

  https://totalcare.us/blog/what-causes-asthma-attacks/

  Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): a condition in which stomach acids back up into the esophagus can worsen asthma control. […] Certain Medications: Some medications, including beta-blockers, aspirin, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can trigger asthma attacks in some individuals. […] Weather Conditions: Changes in weather, such as cold air, humidity, or even a sudden temperature change, can trigger asthma symptoms. […] Poorly Managed Allergies: Allergies and asthma often coexist. Poorly managed allergic reactions can lead to increased inflammation of the airways and trigger asthma attacks. […] Improper Inhaler Use: Incorrect use of inhalers can lead to inadequate medication delivery to the lungs, reducing its effectiveness and increasing the risk of an asthma attack. […] Comorbid Conditions: Conditions such as sinusitis, sleep apnea, and obesity can exacerbate asthma symptoms.

• #58

• #59 Asthma: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/296301-overview

  The triad of asthma, aspirin sensitivity, and nasal polyps affects 5-10% of patients with asthma. Most patients experience symptoms during the third to fourth decade. A single dose can provoke an acute asthma exacerbation, accompanied by rhinorrhea, conjunctival irritation, and flushing of the head and neck. It can also occur with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and is caused by an increase in eosinophils and cysteinyl leukotrienes after exposure. […] The presence of acid in the distal esophagus, mediated via vagal or other neural reflexes, can significantly increase airway resistance and airway reactivity. Patients with asthma are 3 times more likely to also have GERD. […] Occupational factors are associated with 10-15% of adult asthma cases. More than 300 specific occupational agents have been associated with asthma. […] Evidence suggests that rhinovirus illness during infancy is a significant risk factor for the development of wheezing in preschool children and a frequent trigger of wheezing illnesses in children with asthma. […] Of patients with asthma, 50% have concurrent sinus disease. Sinusitis is the most important exacerbating factor for asthma symptoms. Either acute infectious sinus disease or chronic inflammation may contribute to worsening airway symptoms. […] Exercise-induced asthma (EIA), or exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), is an asthma variant defined as a condition in which exercise or vigorous physical activity triggers acute bronchoconstriction in persons with heightened airway reactivity. […] Research on genetic mutations casts further light on the synergistic nature of multiple mutations in the pathophysiology of asthma. […] A study by Cottrell et al explored the relationship between asthma, obesity, and abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism. […]

• #60 Asthma Attack: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and More

  https://www.health.com/asthma-attack-8706915

  An asthma attack, or flare-up, is the worsening of asthma symptoms in response to a trigger, such as an allergen, intense exercise, or an upper respiratory infection. […] These triggers cause the muscles surrounding the airways to tighten or spasm and lead to excess mucus production in the airways, making it difficult to breathe. […] An asthma attack occurs when a trigger causes changes in the airway that obstruct normal airflow and make breathing difficult. […] During an asthma attack, the muscles surrounding the airway constrict (tighten) or spasm, narrowing the airways. […] This constriction, combined with airway inflammation and increased mucus production, makes it harder to move air in and out of your lungs, causing the hallmark symptoms of an asthma attack. […] What triggers an asthma attack varies from person to person, but common triggers include: allergen exposure, irritants, weather, respiratory infections, exercise, and emotions.

• #61 Asthma attack – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/asthma-attack/symptoms-causes/syc-20354268

  Asthma is usually a lifelong disease of inflammation in the lungs caused by an overactive immune system. Inflammation in the lungs includes the tightening of muscles around airways, swelling of tissues in the airways and the release of mucus that can block airways. When this happens, it’s difficult to breathe. […] Asthma attacks occur when something triggers the immune system to take action. Triggers may include: […] Allergic reaction to pollen, pets, mold, cockroaches and dust mites. […] Colds, the flu or other illnesses affecting the nose, mouth and throat. […] Tobacco smoke. […] Cold, dry air. […] Exercise. […] A condition called gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) that results in stomach acids entering the tube between the mouth and stomach. […] Pollution or irritating chemicals in the air. […] Pain relievers, such as aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, and some other medicines. […] Depression or anxiety.

• #62 Emotions Can Trigger Asthma Symptoms | AAFA.org

  https://aafa.org/asthma/asthma-triggers-causes/emotions-stress-depression/

  Strong emotions and stress are well known triggers of asthma. […] Stress and anxiety can trigger asthma symptoms. By properly managing your stress, you can reduce your risk of having a stress-induced asthma attack or episode.

• #63 Asthma Attack: Causes, Symptoms, Treatments, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/asthma/asthma-attack

  Asthma attacks can be triggered by a number of things, from allergies to illnesses. Triggers can vary from person to person. […] Common triggers include: exposure to an allergen, such as pollen, dust mites, or animal dander; airborne irritants, such as smoke, chemical fumes, and strong odors; respiratory infections; strenuous exercise, which can lead to exercise-induced asthma; cold weather; dry air; humidity; gastroesophageal reflux (GERD); intense emotions or stress. […] An asthma attack is an acute exacerbation of asthma. This means the symptoms can be sudden and severe. An asthma attack causes the muscles around the bronchial tubes to squeeze together. This means those air pathways become even smaller and it becomes very hard to breathe.

• #64 What Causes Asthma Attacks? | TotalCare

  https://totalcare.us/blog/what-causes-asthma-attacks/

  Asthma attacks are not merely random occurrences but are often precipitated by specific triggers that interact with the body’s immune system in a complex manner. […] Environmental Allergens: Common allergens, including pollen, dust mites, mold spores, and animal dander, can provoke asthma attacks. […] Respiratory Illnesses: Viral and bacterial infections, such as the common cold or flu, can significantly exacerbate asthma symptoms. […] Environmental Pollutants and Irritants: Smoke (from tobacco or fires), air pollution, and strong odors (from paints or cleaning agents) can irritate the airways and lead to asthma flare-ups. […] Physical Activity: Exercise, especially in cold and dry air, can trigger exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), known as exercise-induced asthma. […] Emotional Stress: Emotional stress and anxiety can lead to tightened airways, making it harder to breathe and potentially triggering an asthma attack.

• #65 Asthma | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/lungs-and-airways/asthma/

  Common asthma triggers include: infections in the upper airways like colds and the flu; dust mites; animal fur; feathers; pollen; cigarette smoke; chemical fumes; pollution; exercise; mould or damp; emotions including stress or laughing; food allergies; certain weather; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like aspirin and ibuprofen; beta-blockers sometimes given for high blood pressure or some types of heart disease; foods containing sulphites such as concentrated fruit juice, jam, prawns and many processed or pre-cooked meals. […] Asthma may also be triggered by allergens or chemicals breathed in at work. Speak to your GP if you think your symptoms are worse at work and get better on holiday.

• #66 Emotions Can Trigger Asthma Symptoms | AAFA.org

  https://aafa.org/asthma/asthma-triggers-causes/emotions-stress-depression/

  Strong emotions and stress are well known triggers of asthma. […] Stress and anxiety can trigger asthma symptoms. By properly managing your stress, you can reduce your risk of having a stress-induced asthma attack or episode.

• #67

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/allergies-asthma/Pages/asthma-triggers-and-what-to-do-about-them.aspx

  Household pets are a common indoor allergen and trigger for asthma flares. Cat and dog allergies are the most common, but hamsters, gerbils and rabbits can also cause symptoms. […] Cold and dry air can be irritating to the lungs, cause airway inflammation and trigger asthma flares. […] When they exercise, many people with asthma develop cough, wheezing, chest tightness and shortness of breath. […] Children who have asthma and are allergic to insects are at increased risk for an asthma flare after a sting. […] Stress and anxiety can sometimes increase airway inflammation and trigger asthma symptoms. Children with asthma are increased risk for asthma attacks after a difficult life event (such as after the death of a family member).

• #68 Asthma attack – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/asthma-attack/symptoms-causes/syc-20354268

  Asthma is usually a lifelong disease of inflammation in the lungs caused by an overactive immune system. Inflammation in the lungs includes the tightening of muscles around airways, swelling of tissues in the airways and the release of mucus that can block airways. When this happens, it’s difficult to breathe. […] Asthma attacks occur when something triggers the immune system to take action. Triggers may include: […] Allergic reaction to pollen, pets, mold, cockroaches and dust mites. […] Colds, the flu or other illnesses affecting the nose, mouth and throat. […] Tobacco smoke. […] Cold, dry air. […] Exercise. […] A condition called gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) that results in stomach acids entering the tube between the mouth and stomach. […] Pollution or irritating chemicals in the air. […] Pain relievers, such as aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories, and some other medicines. […] Depression or anxiety.

• #69 Asthma Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/asthma

  Asthma is caused by swelling (inflammation) in the airways. An asthma attack occurs when the lining of the air passages has become swollen and the muscles surrounding the airways become tight. This narrowing reduces the amount of air that can pass through the airway. […] Asthma symptoms can be caused by breathing in substances called allergens or triggers, or by other causes. […] Common asthma triggers include: Animals (pet hair or dander), Dust mites, Certain medicines (aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs]), Changes in weather (most often cold weather), Chemicals in the air (pollution) or in food, Physical activity, Mold, Pollen, Respiratory infections, such as the common cold and many other viruses, Strong emotions (stress), Tobacco or other inhalant that is smoked.

• #70 What Triggers or Causes Asthma?

  https://aafa.org/asthma/asthma-triggers-causes/

  The most common asthma triggers include allergies, air pollution and other airborne irritants, other health conditions including respiratory infections, exercise or physical activity, weather and air temperature, strong emotions, and some medicines. […] Substances that cause allergies (allergens) can trigger asthma. […] Irritants in the environment can also bring on an asthma episode. […] Certain comorbid conditions can also compound the symptoms of asthma. […] Exercise and other activities that make you breathe harder can affect your asthma. […] Dry wind, cold air, or sudden changes in weather or temperature can sometimes bring on an asthma episode. […] When you feel strong emotions, your breathing changes even if you dont have asthma. […] Some medicines can also trigger asthma, such as: Aspirin and NSAIDs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs).

• #71 Asthma: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/296301-overview

  Factors that can contribute to asthma or airway hyperreactivity may include any of the following: […] Environmental allergens (eg, house dust mites; animal allergens, especially cat and dog; cockroach allergens; and fungi) […] Viral respiratory tract infections […] Exercise, hyperventilation […] Gastroesophageal reflux disease […] Chronic sinusitis or rhinitis […] Aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) hypersensitivity, sulfite sensitivity […] Use of beta-adrenergic receptor blockers (including ophthalmic preparations) […] Obesity […] Environmental pollutants, tobacco smoke […] Occupational exposure […] Irritants (eg, household sprays, paint fumes) […] Various high- and low-molecular-weight compounds (eg, insects, plants, latex, gums, diisocyanates, anhydrides, wood dust, and fluxes; associated with occupational asthma) […] Emotional factors or stress […] Perinatal factors (prematurity and increased maternal age; maternal smoking and prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke; breastfeeding has not been definitely shown to be protective).

• #72 What Is Asthma? Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.castleconnolly.com/topics/specialty-topics/what-is-asthma-causes-symptoms-diagnosis-and-treatment

  An asthma trigger is something that can set off or worsen your asthma symptoms. They can include allergens such as: Air pollutants and irritants, such as smoke, Dust mites, Mold spores, Pet dander, fur, or feathers, Pollen from grass, trees, and weeds, Sulfites and preservatives in certain foods and beverages, including shrimp, dried fruit, processed potatoes, beer, and wine, Waste from pests such as cockroaches and mice. […] Nonallergic asthma triggers include: Breathing in cold air, Certain medicines, including beta blockers, aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen sodium, Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Household or industrial chemicals, Infections such as colds, influenza, or COVID-19, Outdoor air pollution, Physical exercise, Stress and strong emotions such as intense anger, crying, or laughing, Tobacco smoke. […] Asthma triggers are different for each person, and they can change over time.

• #73 Asthma: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/296301-overview

  The triad of asthma, aspirin sensitivity, and nasal polyps affects 5-10% of patients with asthma. Most patients experience symptoms during the third to fourth decade. A single dose can provoke an acute asthma exacerbation, accompanied by rhinorrhea, conjunctival irritation, and flushing of the head and neck. It can also occur with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and is caused by an increase in eosinophils and cysteinyl leukotrienes after exposure. […] The presence of acid in the distal esophagus, mediated via vagal or other neural reflexes, can significantly increase airway resistance and airway reactivity. Patients with asthma are 3 times more likely to also have GERD. […] Occupational factors are associated with 10-15% of adult asthma cases. More than 300 specific occupational agents have been associated with asthma. […] Evidence suggests that rhinovirus illness during infancy is a significant risk factor for the development of wheezing in preschool children and a frequent trigger of wheezing illnesses in children with asthma. […] Of patients with asthma, 50% have concurrent sinus disease. Sinusitis is the most important exacerbating factor for asthma symptoms. Either acute infectious sinus disease or chronic inflammation may contribute to worsening airway symptoms. […] Exercise-induced asthma (EIA), or exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), is an asthma variant defined as a condition in which exercise or vigorous physical activity triggers acute bronchoconstriction in persons with heightened airway reactivity. […] Research on genetic mutations casts further light on the synergistic nature of multiple mutations in the pathophysiology of asthma. […] A study by Cottrell et al explored the relationship between asthma, obesity, and abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism. […]

• #74 Asthma: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/296301-overview

  The triad of asthma, aspirin sensitivity, and nasal polyps affects 5-10% of patients with asthma. Most patients experience symptoms during the third to fourth decade. A single dose can provoke an acute asthma exacerbation, accompanied by rhinorrhea, conjunctival irritation, and flushing of the head and neck. It can also occur with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and is caused by an increase in eosinophils and cysteinyl leukotrienes after exposure. […] The presence of acid in the distal esophagus, mediated via vagal or other neural reflexes, can significantly increase airway resistance and airway reactivity. Patients with asthma are 3 times more likely to also have GERD. […] Occupational factors are associated with 10-15% of adult asthma cases. More than 300 specific occupational agents have been associated with asthma. […] Evidence suggests that rhinovirus illness during infancy is a significant risk factor for the development of wheezing in preschool children and a frequent trigger of wheezing illnesses in children with asthma. […] Of patients with asthma, 50% have concurrent sinus disease. Sinusitis is the most important exacerbating factor for asthma symptoms. Either acute infectious sinus disease or chronic inflammation may contribute to worsening airway symptoms. […] Exercise-induced asthma (EIA), or exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), is an asthma variant defined as a condition in which exercise or vigorous physical activity triggers acute bronchoconstriction in persons with heightened airway reactivity. […] Research on genetic mutations casts further light on the synergistic nature of multiple mutations in the pathophysiology of asthma. […] A study by Cottrell et al explored the relationship between asthma, obesity, and abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism. […]

• #75 Asthma: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/296301-overview

  The triad of asthma, aspirin sensitivity, and nasal polyps affects 5-10% of patients with asthma. Most patients experience symptoms during the third to fourth decade. A single dose can provoke an acute asthma exacerbation, accompanied by rhinorrhea, conjunctival irritation, and flushing of the head and neck. It can also occur with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and is caused by an increase in eosinophils and cysteinyl leukotrienes after exposure. […] The presence of acid in the distal esophagus, mediated via vagal or other neural reflexes, can significantly increase airway resistance and airway reactivity. Patients with asthma are 3 times more likely to also have GERD. […] Occupational factors are associated with 10-15% of adult asthma cases. More than 300 specific occupational agents have been associated with asthma. […] Evidence suggests that rhinovirus illness during infancy is a significant risk factor for the development of wheezing in preschool children and a frequent trigger of wheezing illnesses in children with asthma. […] Of patients with asthma, 50% have concurrent sinus disease. Sinusitis is the most important exacerbating factor for asthma symptoms. Either acute infectious sinus disease or chronic inflammation may contribute to worsening airway symptoms. […] Exercise-induced asthma (EIA), or exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), is an asthma variant defined as a condition in which exercise or vigorous physical activity triggers acute bronchoconstriction in persons with heightened airway reactivity. […] Research on genetic mutations casts further light on the synergistic nature of multiple mutations in the pathophysiology of asthma. […] A study by Cottrell et al explored the relationship between asthma, obesity, and abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism. […]

• #76 What Causes Asthma Attacks? | TotalCare

  https://totalcare.us/blog/what-causes-asthma-attacks/

  Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): a condition in which stomach acids back up into the esophagus can worsen asthma control. […] Certain Medications: Some medications, including beta-blockers, aspirin, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can trigger asthma attacks in some individuals. […] Weather Conditions: Changes in weather, such as cold air, humidity, or even a sudden temperature change, can trigger asthma symptoms. […] Poorly Managed Allergies: Allergies and asthma often coexist. Poorly managed allergic reactions can lead to increased inflammation of the airways and trigger asthma attacks. […] Improper Inhaler Use: Incorrect use of inhalers can lead to inadequate medication delivery to the lungs, reducing its effectiveness and increasing the risk of an asthma attack. […] Comorbid Conditions: Conditions such as sinusitis, sleep apnea, and obesity can exacerbate asthma symptoms.

• #77 Asthma: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/296301-overview

  The triad of asthma, aspirin sensitivity, and nasal polyps affects 5-10% of patients with asthma. Most patients experience symptoms during the third to fourth decade. A single dose can provoke an acute asthma exacerbation, accompanied by rhinorrhea, conjunctival irritation, and flushing of the head and neck. It can also occur with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and is caused by an increase in eosinophils and cysteinyl leukotrienes after exposure. […] The presence of acid in the distal esophagus, mediated via vagal or other neural reflexes, can significantly increase airway resistance and airway reactivity. Patients with asthma are 3 times more likely to also have GERD. […] Occupational factors are associated with 10-15% of adult asthma cases. More than 300 specific occupational agents have been associated with asthma. […] Evidence suggests that rhinovirus illness during infancy is a significant risk factor for the development of wheezing in preschool children and a frequent trigger of wheezing illnesses in children with asthma. […] Of patients with asthma, 50% have concurrent sinus disease. Sinusitis is the most important exacerbating factor for asthma symptoms. Either acute infectious sinus disease or chronic inflammation may contribute to worsening airway symptoms. […] Exercise-induced asthma (EIA), or exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), is an asthma variant defined as a condition in which exercise or vigorous physical activity triggers acute bronchoconstriction in persons with heightened airway reactivity. […] Research on genetic mutations casts further light on the synergistic nature of multiple mutations in the pathophysiology of asthma. […] A study by Cottrell et al explored the relationship between asthma, obesity, and abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism. […]

• #78 Asthma: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/296301-overview

  The triad of asthma, aspirin sensitivity, and nasal polyps affects 5-10% of patients with asthma. Most patients experience symptoms during the third to fourth decade. A single dose can provoke an acute asthma exacerbation, accompanied by rhinorrhea, conjunctival irritation, and flushing of the head and neck. It can also occur with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and is caused by an increase in eosinophils and cysteinyl leukotrienes after exposure. […] The presence of acid in the distal esophagus, mediated via vagal or other neural reflexes, can significantly increase airway resistance and airway reactivity. Patients with asthma are 3 times more likely to also have GERD. […] Occupational factors are associated with 10-15% of adult asthma cases. More than 300 specific occupational agents have been associated with asthma. […] Evidence suggests that rhinovirus illness during infancy is a significant risk factor for the development of wheezing in preschool children and a frequent trigger of wheezing illnesses in children with asthma. […] Of patients with asthma, 50% have concurrent sinus disease. Sinusitis is the most important exacerbating factor for asthma symptoms. Either acute infectious sinus disease or chronic inflammation may contribute to worsening airway symptoms. […] Exercise-induced asthma (EIA), or exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), is an asthma variant defined as a condition in which exercise or vigorous physical activity triggers acute bronchoconstriction in persons with heightened airway reactivity. […] Research on genetic mutations casts further light on the synergistic nature of multiple mutations in the pathophysiology of asthma. […] A study by Cottrell et al explored the relationship between asthma, obesity, and abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism. […]

• #79

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/asthma

  Asthma is a chronic lung disease affecting people of all ages. It is caused by inflammation and muscle tightening around the airways, which makes it harder to breathe. […] Many factors have been linked to an increased risk of developing asthma, although it is often difficult to find a single, direct cause. […] Asthma is more likely if other family members also have asthma particularly a close relative, such as a parent or sibling. […] Asthma is more likely in people who have other allergic conditions, such as eczema and rhinitis (hay fever). […] Urbanization is associated with increased asthma prevalence, probably due to multiple lifestyle factors. […] Events in early life affect the developing lungs and can increase the risk of asthma. These include low birth weight, prematurity, exposure to tobacco smoke and other sources of air pollution, as well as viral respiratory infections.

• #80 Asthma: Types, causes, and diagnosis

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323523

  Health experts do not know exactly what causes asthma, but genetic and environmental factors both seem to play a significant role. […] According to a 2020 study, smoking during pregnancy appears to increase the risk of the fetus developing asthma later in life. […] According to a 2018 study, obesity is both a risk factor for and a disease modifier of asthma in both children and adults. […] Allergies develop when a person’s body becomes sensitized to a specific substance. […] According to the ALA, smoking cigarettes can trigger asthma symptoms. […] Air pollution, both at one’s home and outdoors, can affect the development and triggers of asthma. […] Stress can give rise to asthma symptoms, but so can several other emotions. […] According to the ALA, a genetic component may play a role in whether an individual will develop asthma during their lifetime. […] Around 6.1% of males and 9.8% of females are living with asthma.

• #81 What Causes Asthma? | American Lung Association

  https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/asthma/learn-about-asthma/what-causes-asthma

  Respiratory problems during infancy and childhood can cause wheezing. Some children who experience viral respiratory infections go on to develop chronic asthma. […] If you have asthma, exposures to certain elements in the workplace can cause asthma symptoms. And, for some people, exposure to certain dusts (industrial or wood dusts), chemical fumes and vapors, and molds can cause asthma to develop for the very first time. […] Cigarette smoke irritates the airways. Smokers have a high risk of asthma. Those whose mothers smoked during pregnancy or who were exposed to secondhand smoke are also more likely to have asthma. […] Exposure to the main component of smog (ozone) raises the risk for asthma. Those who grew up or live in urban areas have a higher risk for asthma. […] Children and adults who are overweight or obese are at a greater risk of asthma. Although the reasons are unclear, some experts point to low-grade inflammation in the body that occurs with extra weight. Obese patients often use more medications, suffer worse symptoms and are less able to control their asthma than patients in a healthy weight range.

• #82 What Causes Asthma Attacks? | TotalCare

  https://totalcare.us/blog/what-causes-asthma-attacks/

  Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): a condition in which stomach acids back up into the esophagus can worsen asthma control. […] Certain Medications: Some medications, including beta-blockers, aspirin, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), can trigger asthma attacks in some individuals. […] Weather Conditions: Changes in weather, such as cold air, humidity, or even a sudden temperature change, can trigger asthma symptoms. […] Poorly Managed Allergies: Allergies and asthma often coexist. Poorly managed allergic reactions can lead to increased inflammation of the airways and trigger asthma attacks. […] Improper Inhaler Use: Incorrect use of inhalers can lead to inadequate medication delivery to the lungs, reducing its effectiveness and increasing the risk of an asthma attack. […] Comorbid Conditions: Conditions such as sinusitis, sleep apnea, and obesity can exacerbate asthma symptoms.

• #83 Asthma: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/296301-overview

  The triad of asthma, aspirin sensitivity, and nasal polyps affects 5-10% of patients with asthma. Most patients experience symptoms during the third to fourth decade. A single dose can provoke an acute asthma exacerbation, accompanied by rhinorrhea, conjunctival irritation, and flushing of the head and neck. It can also occur with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and is caused by an increase in eosinophils and cysteinyl leukotrienes after exposure. […] The presence of acid in the distal esophagus, mediated via vagal or other neural reflexes, can significantly increase airway resistance and airway reactivity. Patients with asthma are 3 times more likely to also have GERD. […] Occupational factors are associated with 10-15% of adult asthma cases. More than 300 specific occupational agents have been associated with asthma. […] Evidence suggests that rhinovirus illness during infancy is a significant risk factor for the development of wheezing in preschool children and a frequent trigger of wheezing illnesses in children with asthma. […] Of patients with asthma, 50% have concurrent sinus disease. Sinusitis is the most important exacerbating factor for asthma symptoms. Either acute infectious sinus disease or chronic inflammation may contribute to worsening airway symptoms. […] Exercise-induced asthma (EIA), or exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), is an asthma variant defined as a condition in which exercise or vigorous physical activity triggers acute bronchoconstriction in persons with heightened airway reactivity. […] Research on genetic mutations casts further light on the synergistic nature of multiple mutations in the pathophysiology of asthma. […] A study by Cottrell et al explored the relationship between asthma, obesity, and abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism. […]

• #84 Asthma – Causes and Triggers | NHLBI, NIH

  https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/asthma/causes

  The exact causes for developing asthma are unknown and may be different from person to person. […] However, asthma can also occur when the body’s natural defenses against germs and sickness react strongly to a new substance in the lungs. […] Many factors may work together to cause you to develop asthma, such as: […] The following may also raise the risk of developing asthma: […] Asthma is usually a type of allergic reaction. […] Being overweight can raise your risk of developing asthma or make your asthma symptoms worse. […] Puerto Rican people and Black or African American people have a higher risk of developing asthma than people of other racial or ethnic groups. […] More boys than girls have asthma as children. […] Breathing in chemicals or industrial dust in the workplace can raise your risk of developing asthma. […] Air pollution and changing weather patterns contribute to asthma onset and exposure to allergens.

• #85

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/asthma

  Asthma is a chronic lung disease affecting people of all ages. It is caused by inflammation and muscle tightening around the airways, which makes it harder to breathe. […] Many factors have been linked to an increased risk of developing asthma, although it is often difficult to find a single, direct cause. […] Asthma is more likely if other family members also have asthma particularly a close relative, such as a parent or sibling. […] Asthma is more likely in people who have other allergic conditions, such as eczema and rhinitis (hay fever). […] Urbanization is associated with increased asthma prevalence, probably due to multiple lifestyle factors. […] Events in early life affect the developing lungs and can increase the risk of asthma. These include low birth weight, prematurity, exposure to tobacco smoke and other sources of air pollution, as well as viral respiratory infections.

• #86

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/asthma

  Asthma is a chronic lung disease affecting people of all ages. It is caused by inflammation and muscle tightening around the airways, which makes it harder to breathe. […] Many factors have been linked to an increased risk of developing asthma, although it is often difficult to find a single, direct cause. […] Asthma is more likely if other family members also have asthma particularly a close relative, such as a parent or sibling. […] Asthma is more likely in people who have other allergic conditions, such as eczema and rhinitis (hay fever). […] Urbanization is associated with increased asthma prevalence, probably due to multiple lifestyle factors. […] Events in early life affect the developing lungs and can increase the risk of asthma. These include low birth weight, prematurity, exposure to tobacco smoke and other sources of air pollution, as well as viral respiratory infections.

• #87 Asthma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430901/

  Other associations include genes such as interleukin-33 (IL33), IL-1 receptor-like 1 (IL1R1) genes, and a novel susceptibility locus at the IF-inducible protein X (PYHIN1) gene, particularly affecting individuals of African descent. […] The EVE Consortium also identifies a susceptibility locus for thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), an epithelial cell-derived cytokine implicated in asthma-related inflammation initiation. […] Risk factors for asthma development encompass exposures throughout a patient’s lifespan, including the perinatal period. […] The most substantial known risk factor is atopy, which is characterized by the genetic tendency to produce specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies in response to common environmental allergens. […] Prematurity is the most crucial risk factor influencing asthma incidence during this period.

• #88 Asthma – causes, symptoms and complications | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/asthma

  Asthma is a long-term lung condition that is caused when your airways narrow. […] Experts aren’t sure why some people get asthma and others don’t. You are more likely to have asthma if someone in your immediate family has: asthma, hay fever, allergies, eczema. […] Children have a higher chance of developing asthma if: they were born prematurely or with a low birth weight, their mother smoked during pregnancy, they live in a house with people who smoke, they have been exposed to air pollution or mould. […] Healthy adults can also develop asthma after extended exposure to: air pollution such as fumes that irritate your lungs, breathing in dusts that you’re allergic to. […] Common triggers of asthma are: allergens such as pollen, dust, food items and mould (allergic asthma), smoke from cigarettes, bushfires and traffic pollution, other irritants such as cleaning products, perfumes, aerosol products and some workplace chemicals, physical activity, infection from viruses. […] Asthma triggered by physical activity is known as exercise-induced asthma. Asthma triggered by allergens in the air during stormy weather is known as thunderstorm asthma.

• #89 Asthma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430901/

  Exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy causes diminished pulmonary function in newborns and an increased probability of developing childhood asthma. […] Wheezing caused by viral infections, particularly respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus, may predispose infants and young children to develop asthma later in life. […] The most significant risk factors for adult-onset asthma include tobacco smoke, occupational exposure, and adults with rhinitis or atopy. […] The following factors can contribute to asthma and airway hyperreactivity: Exposure to environmental allergens such as house dust mites, animal allergens (especially from cats and dogs), cockroach allergens, and fungi. […] Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a condition characterized by a combination of asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis, and NSAID intolerance.

• #90 What Causes Asthma? Asthma Symptoms and Treatment

  https://www.carenewengland.org/blog/what-causes-asthma-asthma-symptoms-and-treatment

  Asthma is common in children, although people develop the condition later in life. Experts havent found a specific cause of asthma, although there have been a few suggestions. […] You are likely to develop asthma if you have a family history of asthma. You can have a genetic makeup that predisposes you to have asthma. Atopy, a genetic tendency to develop asthma, heightens sensitivity to allergens. […] Exposure to viral infections such as the Respiratory Syncytial Virus causes damage to the lungs in young children. Such infections most often attack children under ten years old. […] The hypothesis under hygiene theory explains that babies who fail to get enough exposure to bacteria in the early months and years have weak immunity. It results in the systems failing to fight off bacteria and allergic reactions. […] Other causes and triggers of asthma include: Exercising, Medication such as beta-blockers and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Stress and Anxiety, Cold air, Preservatives, Air pollutants, Pollen, Gastroesophageal reflux disease.

• #91 Asthma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma

  Maternal psychological stress during pregnancy is a risk factor for the child to develop asthma. […] Asthma is associated with exposure to indoor allergens. Common indoor allergens include dust mites, cockroaches, animal dander (fragments of fur or feathers), and mould. […] The hygiene hypothesis attempts to explain the increased rates of asthma worldwide as a direct and unintended result of reduced exposure, during childhood, to non-pathogenic bacteria and viruses. […] Family history is a risk factor for asthma, with many different genes being implicated. If one identical twin is affected, the probability of the other having the disease is approximately 25%. […] Some genetic variants may only cause asthma when they are combined with specific environmental exposures. An example is a specific single nucleotide polymorphism in the CD14 region and exposure to endotoxin (a bacterial product). Endotoxin exposure can come from several environmental sources including tobacco smoke, dogs, and farms. Risk for asthma, then, is determined by both a person’s genetics and the level of endotoxin exposure.

• #92 Asthma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430901/

  Exposure to maternal smoking during pregnancy causes diminished pulmonary function in newborns and an increased probability of developing childhood asthma. […] Wheezing caused by viral infections, particularly respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus, may predispose infants and young children to develop asthma later in life. […] The most significant risk factors for adult-onset asthma include tobacco smoke, occupational exposure, and adults with rhinitis or atopy. […] The following factors can contribute to asthma and airway hyperreactivity: Exposure to environmental allergens such as house dust mites, animal allergens (especially from cats and dogs), cockroach allergens, and fungi. […] Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) is a condition characterized by a combination of asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis, and NSAID intolerance.

• #93 Asthma: Types, causes, and diagnosis

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323523

  Health experts do not know exactly what causes asthma, but genetic and environmental factors both seem to play a significant role. […] According to a 2020 study, smoking during pregnancy appears to increase the risk of the fetus developing asthma later in life. […] According to a 2018 study, obesity is both a risk factor for and a disease modifier of asthma in both children and adults. […] Allergies develop when a person’s body becomes sensitized to a specific substance. […] According to the ALA, smoking cigarettes can trigger asthma symptoms. […] Air pollution, both at one’s home and outdoors, can affect the development and triggers of asthma. […] Stress can give rise to asthma symptoms, but so can several other emotions. […] According to the ALA, a genetic component may play a role in whether an individual will develop asthma during their lifetime. […] Around 6.1% of males and 9.8% of females are living with asthma.

• #94

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/asthma

  Exposure to a range of environmental allergens and irritants are also thought to increase the risk of asthma, including indoor and outdoor air pollution, house dust mites, moulds, and occupational exposure to chemicals, fumes or dust. […] Children and adults who are overweight or obese are at a greater risk of asthma.

• #95 What Causes Asthma? | American Lung Association

  https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/asthma/learn-about-asthma/what-causes-asthma

  Respiratory problems during infancy and childhood can cause wheezing. Some children who experience viral respiratory infections go on to develop chronic asthma. […] If you have asthma, exposures to certain elements in the workplace can cause asthma symptoms. And, for some people, exposure to certain dusts (industrial or wood dusts), chemical fumes and vapors, and molds can cause asthma to develop for the very first time. […] Cigarette smoke irritates the airways. Smokers have a high risk of asthma. Those whose mothers smoked during pregnancy or who were exposed to secondhand smoke are also more likely to have asthma. […] Exposure to the main component of smog (ozone) raises the risk for asthma. Those who grew up or live in urban areas have a higher risk for asthma. […] Children and adults who are overweight or obese are at a greater risk of asthma. Although the reasons are unclear, some experts point to low-grade inflammation in the body that occurs with extra weight. Obese patients often use more medications, suffer worse symptoms and are less able to control their asthma than patients in a healthy weight range.

• #96

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/asthma

  Exposure to a range of environmental allergens and irritants are also thought to increase the risk of asthma, including indoor and outdoor air pollution, house dust mites, moulds, and occupational exposure to chemicals, fumes or dust. […] Children and adults who are overweight or obese are at a greater risk of asthma.

• #97

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/asthma

  Asthma is a chronic lung disease affecting people of all ages. It is caused by inflammation and muscle tightening around the airways, which makes it harder to breathe. […] Many factors have been linked to an increased risk of developing asthma, although it is often difficult to find a single, direct cause. […] Asthma is more likely if other family members also have asthma particularly a close relative, such as a parent or sibling. […] Asthma is more likely in people who have other allergic conditions, such as eczema and rhinitis (hay fever). […] Urbanization is associated with increased asthma prevalence, probably due to multiple lifestyle factors. […] Events in early life affect the developing lungs and can increase the risk of asthma. These include low birth weight, prematurity, exposure to tobacco smoke and other sources of air pollution, as well as viral respiratory infections.

• #98 What Causes Asthma and What Triggers an Attack

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-causes-asthma-8782122

  An overactive or sensitive immune system can also play a role in developing asthma. In asthma, the immune system overreacts to harmless environmental elements like pollen, mold, or dust, causing airway inflammation. […] Severe respiratory infections during early childhood increase the risk of developing asthma post-recovery or later in life as an adult. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), the common cold, and influenza (the flu) cause inflammation and swelling in the airways, making breathing harder and increasing the chances of developing or triggering an asthma attack. […] Smoking is a significant risk factor for developing or worsening asthma. Cigarette smoke contains harmful chemicals that irritate the airways, damage lung tissue, and reduce lung function. […] Being overweight is a significant risk factor for asthma. Excess weight can put pressure on the lungs and diaphragm (the muscle that separates the abdomen from the chest) and restrict lung expansion, making breathing harder. Fat tissue is also linked to chronic inflammation. People with excess weight have higher levels of certain inflammatory markers that can cause airway narrowing and reduced lung function. […] A combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors causes asthma. It can be triggered by various allergens, poor air quality, and weather, among other things.

• #99 What Causes Asthma and What Triggers an Attack

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-causes-asthma-8782122

  An overactive or sensitive immune system can also play a role in developing asthma. In asthma, the immune system overreacts to harmless environmental elements like pollen, mold, or dust, causing airway inflammation. […] Severe respiratory infections during early childhood increase the risk of developing asthma post-recovery or later in life as an adult. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), the common cold, and influenza (the flu) cause inflammation and swelling in the airways, making breathing harder and increasing the chances of developing or triggering an asthma attack. […] Smoking is a significant risk factor for developing or worsening asthma. Cigarette smoke contains harmful chemicals that irritate the airways, damage lung tissue, and reduce lung function. […] Being overweight is a significant risk factor for asthma. Excess weight can put pressure on the lungs and diaphragm (the muscle that separates the abdomen from the chest) and restrict lung expansion, making breathing harder. Fat tissue is also linked to chronic inflammation. People with excess weight have higher levels of certain inflammatory markers that can cause airway narrowing and reduced lung function. […] A combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors causes asthma. It can be triggered by various allergens, poor air quality, and weather, among other things.

• #100 Asthma: Types, causes, and diagnosis

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323523

  Health experts do not know exactly what causes asthma, but genetic and environmental factors both seem to play a significant role. […] According to a 2020 study, smoking during pregnancy appears to increase the risk of the fetus developing asthma later in life. […] According to a 2018 study, obesity is both a risk factor for and a disease modifier of asthma in both children and adults. […] Allergies develop when a person’s body becomes sensitized to a specific substance. […] According to the ALA, smoking cigarettes can trigger asthma symptoms. […] Air pollution, both at one’s home and outdoors, can affect the development and triggers of asthma. […] Stress can give rise to asthma symptoms, but so can several other emotions. […] According to the ALA, a genetic component may play a role in whether an individual will develop asthma during their lifetime. […] Around 6.1% of males and 9.8% of females are living with asthma.

• #101 What Causes Asthma and What Triggers an Attack

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-causes-asthma-8782122

  An overactive or sensitive immune system can also play a role in developing asthma. In asthma, the immune system overreacts to harmless environmental elements like pollen, mold, or dust, causing airway inflammation. […] Severe respiratory infections during early childhood increase the risk of developing asthma post-recovery or later in life as an adult. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), the common cold, and influenza (the flu) cause inflammation and swelling in the airways, making breathing harder and increasing the chances of developing or triggering an asthma attack. […] Smoking is a significant risk factor for developing or worsening asthma. Cigarette smoke contains harmful chemicals that irritate the airways, damage lung tissue, and reduce lung function. […] Being overweight is a significant risk factor for asthma. Excess weight can put pressure on the lungs and diaphragm (the muscle that separates the abdomen from the chest) and restrict lung expansion, making breathing harder. Fat tissue is also linked to chronic inflammation. People with excess weight have higher levels of certain inflammatory markers that can cause airway narrowing and reduced lung function. […] A combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors causes asthma. It can be triggered by various allergens, poor air quality, and weather, among other things.

• #102 Asthma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma

  Maternal psychological stress during pregnancy is a risk factor for the child to develop asthma. […] Asthma is associated with exposure to indoor allergens. Common indoor allergens include dust mites, cockroaches, animal dander (fragments of fur or feathers), and mould. […] The hygiene hypothesis attempts to explain the increased rates of asthma worldwide as a direct and unintended result of reduced exposure, during childhood, to non-pathogenic bacteria and viruses. […] Family history is a risk factor for asthma, with many different genes being implicated. If one identical twin is affected, the probability of the other having the disease is approximately 25%. […] Some genetic variants may only cause asthma when they are combined with specific environmental exposures. An example is a specific single nucleotide polymorphism in the CD14 region and exposure to endotoxin (a bacterial product). Endotoxin exposure can come from several environmental sources including tobacco smoke, dogs, and farms. Risk for asthma, then, is determined by both a person’s genetics and the level of endotoxin exposure.

• #103 What Causes Asthma? Asthma Symptoms and Treatment

  https://www.carenewengland.org/blog/what-causes-asthma-asthma-symptoms-and-treatment

  Asthma is common in children, although people develop the condition later in life. Experts havent found a specific cause of asthma, although there have been a few suggestions. […] You are likely to develop asthma if you have a family history of asthma. You can have a genetic makeup that predisposes you to have asthma. Atopy, a genetic tendency to develop asthma, heightens sensitivity to allergens. […] Exposure to viral infections such as the Respiratory Syncytial Virus causes damage to the lungs in young children. Such infections most often attack children under ten years old. […] The hypothesis under hygiene theory explains that babies who fail to get enough exposure to bacteria in the early months and years have weak immunity. It results in the systems failing to fight off bacteria and allergic reactions. […] Other causes and triggers of asthma include: Exercising, Medication such as beta-blockers and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Stress and Anxiety, Cold air, Preservatives, Air pollutants, Pollen, Gastroesophageal reflux disease.

• #104 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Causes-of-Asthma.aspx

  The incidence of individuals diagnosed with asthma appears to be on the rise, which brings us to the question why people are more likely to have asthma today and what is causing it. […] The high levels of sanitation are proposed to have resulted in a dramatic decline in exposure to organisms and infections in early childhood. This may have an effect on the development of the immune system and result in an increased risk for asthma. […] Additionally, the levels of air pollution have risen in many areas in recent times, which may cause increased exposure to irritants and risk of acquiring asthma. […] Triggers for asthma that can worsen the condition include: Indoor allergens such as dust mites, mold, and pet dander, Outdoor allergens such as pollen from grass and trees, Respiratory infections, Physical activity, Cold air, Sulfites and other food preservatives, Stress, Air pollutant and irritants (e.g., smoke or fumes), Medications (e.g., beta blockers or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)), Medical conditions (e.g. gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)).

• #105 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Causes-of-Asthma.aspx

  The incidence of individuals diagnosed with asthma appears to be on the rise, which brings us to the question why people are more likely to have asthma today and what is causing it. […] The high levels of sanitation are proposed to have resulted in a dramatic decline in exposure to organisms and infections in early childhood. This may have an effect on the development of the immune system and result in an increased risk for asthma. […] Additionally, the levels of air pollution have risen in many areas in recent times, which may cause increased exposure to irritants and risk of acquiring asthma. […] Triggers for asthma that can worsen the condition include: Indoor allergens such as dust mites, mold, and pet dander, Outdoor allergens such as pollen from grass and trees, Respiratory infections, Physical activity, Cold air, Sulfites and other food preservatives, Stress, Air pollutant and irritants (e.g., smoke or fumes), Medications (e.g., beta blockers or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS)), Medical conditions (e.g. gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)).

• #106 Asthma Types, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Medicine, Prognosis

  https://www.medicinenet.com/asthma_overview/article.htm

  Untreated asthma can get progressively worse, lead to long-term complications, and cause avoidable damage to the respiratory system. Some types of childhood asthma do seem to improve on their own. Approximately 50% of children grow out of asthma, but it is impossible to predict who might outgrow it and who might not, so it is best to treat asthma at the earliest signs. […] With the increasing prevalence of asthma, numerous studies have looked for risk factors and ways to potentially prevent asthma. It has been shown that individuals living on farms are protected against wheezing, asthma, and even environmental allergies. The role of air pollution has been questioned in both the increased incidence of asthma and in regards to asthma exacerbations. Climate change is also being studied as a factor in the increased incidence of asthma. Maternal smoking during pregnancy is a risk factor for asthma and poor outcomes. Tobacco smoke is also a significant risk factor for the development and progression of asthma. Treatment of environmental allergies with allergen immunotherapy, or allergy shots, has been shown to decrease a child’s risk of developing asthma. The development of asthma is ultimately a complex process influenced by many environmental and genetic factors, and currently, there is no proven way to decrease an individual’s risk of developing asthma.

• #107 What Causes Asthma? Asthma Symptoms and Treatment

  https://www.carenewengland.org/blog/what-causes-asthma-asthma-symptoms-and-treatment

  Asthma is common in children, although people develop the condition later in life. Experts havent found a specific cause of asthma, although there have been a few suggestions. […] You are likely to develop asthma if you have a family history of asthma. You can have a genetic makeup that predisposes you to have asthma. Atopy, a genetic tendency to develop asthma, heightens sensitivity to allergens. […] Exposure to viral infections such as the Respiratory Syncytial Virus causes damage to the lungs in young children. Such infections most often attack children under ten years old. […] The hypothesis under hygiene theory explains that babies who fail to get enough exposure to bacteria in the early months and years have weak immunity. It results in the systems failing to fight off bacteria and allergic reactions. […] Other causes and triggers of asthma include: Exercising, Medication such as beta-blockers and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Stress and Anxiety, Cold air, Preservatives, Air pollutants, Pollen, Gastroesophageal reflux disease.

• #108 Asthma – Causes and Triggers | NHLBI, NIH

  https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/asthma/causes

  The exact causes for developing asthma are unknown and may be different from person to person. […] However, asthma can also occur when the body’s natural defenses against germs and sickness react strongly to a new substance in the lungs. […] Many factors may work together to cause you to develop asthma, such as: […] The following may also raise the risk of developing asthma: […] Asthma is usually a type of allergic reaction. […] Being overweight can raise your risk of developing asthma or make your asthma symptoms worse. […] Puerto Rican people and Black or African American people have a higher risk of developing asthma than people of other racial or ethnic groups. […] More boys than girls have asthma as children. […] Breathing in chemicals or industrial dust in the workplace can raise your risk of developing asthma. […] Air pollution and changing weather patterns contribute to asthma onset and exposure to allergens.

• #109 Asthma Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments | UPMC

  https://www.upmc.com/services/primary-care/conditions/asthma

  Certain factors pollen, animal dander, cold air can trigger symptoms in people with asthma. […] Asthma happens when your immune system reacts to a substance in the lungs. The causes may vary from person to person. Doctors don’t always know what causes asthma. […] Factors that might trigger an asthma attack include: Cold air or sudden temperature changes. Exercise. Indoor allergens like mold, animal dander, and dust mites. Infections like colds, flu, or COVID-19. Pollens, mold, and other outdoor allergens. Poor quality air. Some medications, like aspirin. Intense emotions, like anger, crying, or laughing. […] Risk factors for asthma include: Allergies. People with asthma often have food, pet, or pollen allergies. Exposure to cigarette smoke or vapor from e-cigarettes as a child. Family history. If you had a parent with asthma, you are more likely to have it. Obesity. Being overweight increases your risk of having asthma. It can also make your asthma symptoms worse. Race or ethnicity. African Americans and some Hispanic people have a higher risk of asthma. Sex. More boys than girls have asthma in childhood. On the other hand, it’s more common in teen girls and adult women than in teen boys and adult men. Viral infections that affect breathing. Workplace hazards. Breathing in chemicals or industrial dust makes you more likely to get asthma.

• #110 Asthma – Causes and Triggers | NHLBI, NIH

  https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/asthma/causes

  The exact causes for developing asthma are unknown and may be different from person to person. […] However, asthma can also occur when the body’s natural defenses against germs and sickness react strongly to a new substance in the lungs. […] Many factors may work together to cause you to develop asthma, such as: […] The following may also raise the risk of developing asthma: […] Asthma is usually a type of allergic reaction. […] Being overweight can raise your risk of developing asthma or make your asthma symptoms worse. […] Puerto Rican people and Black or African American people have a higher risk of developing asthma than people of other racial or ethnic groups. […] More boys than girls have asthma as children. […] Breathing in chemicals or industrial dust in the workplace can raise your risk of developing asthma. […] Air pollution and changing weather patterns contribute to asthma onset and exposure to allergens.

• #111 Asthma – Causes and Triggers | NHLBI, NIH

  https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/asthma/causes

  The exact causes for developing asthma are unknown and may be different from person to person. […] However, asthma can also occur when the body’s natural defenses against germs and sickness react strongly to a new substance in the lungs. […] Many factors may work together to cause you to develop asthma, such as: […] The following may also raise the risk of developing asthma: […] Asthma is usually a type of allergic reaction. […] Being overweight can raise your risk of developing asthma or make your asthma symptoms worse. […] Puerto Rican people and Black or African American people have a higher risk of developing asthma than people of other racial or ethnic groups. […] More boys than girls have asthma as children. […] Breathing in chemicals or industrial dust in the workplace can raise your risk of developing asthma. […] Air pollution and changing weather patterns contribute to asthma onset and exposure to allergens.

• #112 Asthma Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments | UPMC

  https://www.upmc.com/services/primary-care/conditions/asthma

  Certain factors pollen, animal dander, cold air can trigger symptoms in people with asthma. […] Asthma happens when your immune system reacts to a substance in the lungs. The causes may vary from person to person. Doctors don’t always know what causes asthma. […] Factors that might trigger an asthma attack include: Cold air or sudden temperature changes. Exercise. Indoor allergens like mold, animal dander, and dust mites. Infections like colds, flu, or COVID-19. Pollens, mold, and other outdoor allergens. Poor quality air. Some medications, like aspirin. Intense emotions, like anger, crying, or laughing. […] Risk factors for asthma include: Allergies. People with asthma often have food, pet, or pollen allergies. Exposure to cigarette smoke or vapor from e-cigarettes as a child. Family history. If you had a parent with asthma, you are more likely to have it. Obesity. Being overweight increases your risk of having asthma. It can also make your asthma symptoms worse. Race or ethnicity. African Americans and some Hispanic people have a higher risk of asthma. Sex. More boys than girls have asthma in childhood. On the other hand, it’s more common in teen girls and adult women than in teen boys and adult men. Viral infections that affect breathing. Workplace hazards. Breathing in chemicals or industrial dust makes you more likely to get asthma.

• #113 Asthma: Types, causes, and diagnosis

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323523

  Health experts do not know exactly what causes asthma, but genetic and environmental factors both seem to play a significant role. […] According to a 2020 study, smoking during pregnancy appears to increase the risk of the fetus developing asthma later in life. […] According to a 2018 study, obesity is both a risk factor for and a disease modifier of asthma in both children and adults. […] Allergies develop when a person’s body becomes sensitized to a specific substance. […] According to the ALA, smoking cigarettes can trigger asthma symptoms. […] Air pollution, both at one’s home and outdoors, can affect the development and triggers of asthma. […] Stress can give rise to asthma symptoms, but so can several other emotions. […] According to the ALA, a genetic component may play a role in whether an individual will develop asthma during their lifetime. […] Around 6.1% of males and 9.8% of females are living with asthma.

• #114 Asthma Types, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Medicine, Prognosis

  https://www.medicinenet.com/asthma_overview/article.htm

  Asthma results from complex interactions between an individual’s inherited genetic makeup and interactions with the environment. The factors that cause a genetically predisposed individual to become asthmatic are poorly understood. […] The following are risk factors for asthma: Family history of allergic conditions, Personal history of hay fever (allergic rhinitis), Viral respiratory illness, such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), during childhood, Exposure to cigarette smoke, Obesity, Lower socioeconomic status, Exposure to air pollution or burning biomass. […] Certain factors may trigger an asthma attack in susceptible individuals. Knowing and avoiding these triggers may help prevent asthma flare-ups. These triggers may include: Physical activity or exercise, Allergens such as pollen, dust, mites, pet dander, or molds, Cold, dry air, Certain infections such as flu or cold, Environmental pollutants such as smoke or car exhaust, Stress, Certain medications such as aspirin, beta-blockers, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Acid reflux or heartburn, Certain food or wine additives such as sulfites, Hormonal changes such as menstrual periods.

• #115 About Asthma

  https://www.health.ny.gov/statistics/environmental/public_health_tracking/about_pages/asthma/about_asthma

  Asthma is a disease that causes breathing problems. It inflames and narrows the airways that carry oxygen in and out of the lungs. People with asthma can have recurring periods of wheezing, chest tightness, shortness of breath and coughing. These breathing problems are called asthma attacks or episodes. […] The exact cause of asthma isn’t known. Researchers think a combination of genetic (family history) and environmental factors interact to cause someone to develop asthma, often early in life. […] What is more certain is that the allergens and irritants in the environment, called asthma triggers, can cause people with asthma to have asthma symptoms or attacks. There are many asthma triggers, and different people have different triggers. […] Although asthma affects people at all socioeconomic levels, poor and minority populations are more likely to be hospitalized for the disease. The reasons for this are not fully understood but may include a lack of preventive care, nutrition, and exposure to higher levels of indoor and outdoor air pollution.

• #116 Asthma: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/296301-overview

  The triad of asthma, aspirin sensitivity, and nasal polyps affects 5-10% of patients with asthma. Most patients experience symptoms during the third to fourth decade. A single dose can provoke an acute asthma exacerbation, accompanied by rhinorrhea, conjunctival irritation, and flushing of the head and neck. It can also occur with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and is caused by an increase in eosinophils and cysteinyl leukotrienes after exposure. […] The presence of acid in the distal esophagus, mediated via vagal or other neural reflexes, can significantly increase airway resistance and airway reactivity. Patients with asthma are 3 times more likely to also have GERD. […] Occupational factors are associated with 10-15% of adult asthma cases. More than 300 specific occupational agents have been associated with asthma. […] Evidence suggests that rhinovirus illness during infancy is a significant risk factor for the development of wheezing in preschool children and a frequent trigger of wheezing illnesses in children with asthma. […] Of patients with asthma, 50% have concurrent sinus disease. Sinusitis is the most important exacerbating factor for asthma symptoms. Either acute infectious sinus disease or chronic inflammation may contribute to worsening airway symptoms. […] Exercise-induced asthma (EIA), or exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB), is an asthma variant defined as a condition in which exercise or vigorous physical activity triggers acute bronchoconstriction in persons with heightened airway reactivity. […] Research on genetic mutations casts further light on the synergistic nature of multiple mutations in the pathophysiology of asthma. […] A study by Cottrell et al explored the relationship between asthma, obesity, and abnormal lipid and glucose metabolism. […]

• #117 What are the main causes of asthma and asthma attacks?

  https://patient.info/news-and-features/what-are-the-main-causes-of-asthma-and-asthma-attacks

  Occupational asthma may account for 9-15% of all adult-onset asthma cases. […] According to Allergy UK, an asthma trigger can be either allergic (due to allergen particles causing a reaction), environmental (to do with the quality of the air you breathe) or individual (related to your lifestyle). […] Hay fever can be both a cause of asthma in people who previously didn’t have the condition, and an asthma trigger in those already living with it. […] Indoor allergens, such as mould, house dust mite, and pet allergy are also common asthma causes. […] The common environmental asthma triggers include: Weather changes, Pollution, Second-hand smoke, Indoor air quality. […] Smoking damages the lungs and can be a trigger for asthma attacks. […] Stress can be a significant trigger of asthma attacks. […] Prolonged stress in childhood has been linked with an increased risk of developing asthma.

• #118 Asthma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430901/

  Two types of occupational asthma exist based on their appearance after a latency period: Occupational asthma triggered by workplace sensitizers results from an allergic or immunological process associated with a latency period induced by both low- and high-molecular-weight agents. […] Occupational asthma caused by irritants involves a nonallergic or nonimmunological process induced by gases, fumes, smoke, and aerosols.

• #119 Asthma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430901/

  Two types of occupational asthma exist based on their appearance after a latency period: Occupational asthma triggered by workplace sensitizers results from an allergic or immunological process associated with a latency period induced by both low- and high-molecular-weight agents. […] Occupational asthma caused by irritants involves a nonallergic or nonimmunological process induced by gases, fumes, smoke, and aerosols.

• #120 Asthma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430901/

  Two types of occupational asthma exist based on their appearance after a latency period: Occupational asthma triggered by workplace sensitizers results from an allergic or immunological process associated with a latency period induced by both low- and high-molecular-weight agents. […] Occupational asthma caused by irritants involves a nonallergic or nonimmunological process induced by gases, fumes, smoke, and aerosols.

• #121 Asthma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430901/

  Two types of occupational asthma exist based on their appearance after a latency period: Occupational asthma triggered by workplace sensitizers results from an allergic or immunological process associated with a latency period induced by both low- and high-molecular-weight agents. […] Occupational asthma caused by irritants involves a nonallergic or nonimmunological process induced by gases, fumes, smoke, and aerosols.

• #122 Asthma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430901/

  Two types of occupational asthma exist based on their appearance after a latency period: Occupational asthma triggered by workplace sensitizers results from an allergic or immunological process associated with a latency period induced by both low- and high-molecular-weight agents. […] Occupational asthma caused by irritants involves a nonallergic or nonimmunological process induced by gases, fumes, smoke, and aerosols.

• #123 Asthma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430901/

  Two types of occupational asthma exist based on their appearance after a latency period: Occupational asthma triggered by workplace sensitizers results from an allergic or immunological process associated with a latency period induced by both low- and high-molecular-weight agents. […] Occupational asthma caused by irritants involves a nonallergic or nonimmunological process induced by gases, fumes, smoke, and aerosols.

• #124 What Causes Asthma and What Triggers an Attack

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-causes-asthma-8782122

  Asthma is a condition that makes breathing difficult due to swelling and tightening of the airways. It is caused by a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, such as a family history, living in an area with poor air quality, or having a history of smoking. Your risk of developing asthma depends on how many of these factors are present. […] Several environmental factors can also cause asthma. For example: Common allergens: Some babies and children develop asthma when exposed to common allergens such as dust mites, pollen, pet dander, or mold. Occupational exposures: Exposure to certain elements in the workplace, called occupational exposures or occupational hazards, can also cause asthma in adults. These include manufacturing, agriculture, construction chemicals, dust, and fumes. Poor air quality: Air pollution can increase airway sensitivity and contribute to the development of asthma; sources include vehicle emissions, industrial pollutants, and wildfire smoke.

• #125 Asthma: Practice Essentials, Background, Anatomy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/296301-overview

  Factors that can contribute to asthma or airway hyperreactivity may include any of the following: […] Environmental allergens (eg, house dust mites; animal allergens, especially cat and dog; cockroach allergens; and fungi) […] Viral respiratory tract infections […] Exercise, hyperventilation […] Gastroesophageal reflux disease […] Chronic sinusitis or rhinitis […] Aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) hypersensitivity, sulfite sensitivity […] Use of beta-adrenergic receptor blockers (including ophthalmic preparations) […] Obesity […] Environmental pollutants, tobacco smoke […] Occupational exposure […] Irritants (eg, household sprays, paint fumes) […] Various high- and low-molecular-weight compounds (eg, insects, plants, latex, gums, diisocyanates, anhydrides, wood dust, and fluxes; associated with occupational asthma) […] Emotional factors or stress […] Perinatal factors (prematurity and increased maternal age; maternal smoking and prenatal exposure to tobacco smoke; breastfeeding has not been definitely shown to be protective).

• #126 Asthma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma

  Asthma is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Environmental factors include exposure to air pollution and allergens. Other potential triggers include medications such as aspirin and beta blockers. […] Asthma is caused by a combination of complex and incompletely understood environmental and genetic interactions. These influence both its severity and its responsiveness to treatment. It is believed that the recent increased rates of asthma are due to changing epigenetics (heritable factors other than those related to the DNA sequence) and a changing living environment. Asthma that starts before the age of 12 years old is more likely due to genetic influence, while onset after age 12 is more likely due to environmental influence. […] Many environmental factors have been associated with asthma’s development and exacerbation, including allergens, air pollution, and other environmental chemicals. There are some substances that are known to cause asthma in exposed people and they are called asthmagens. Some common asthmagens include ammonia, latex, pesticides, solder and welding fumes, metal or wood dusts, spraying of isocyanate paint in vehicle repair, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, anhydrides, glues, dyes, metal working fluids, oil mists, moulds.

• #127 Asthma Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/asthma

  Substances in some workplaces can also trigger asthma symptoms, leading to occupational asthma. The most common triggers are wood dust, grain dust, animal dander, fungi, or chemicals. […] Many people with asthma have a personal or family history of allergies, such as hay fever (allergic rhinitis) or eczema. Others have no history of allergies.

• #128 Asthma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma

  Asthma is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Environmental factors include exposure to air pollution and allergens. Other potential triggers include medications such as aspirin and beta blockers. […] Asthma is caused by a combination of complex and incompletely understood environmental and genetic interactions. These influence both its severity and its responsiveness to treatment. It is believed that the recent increased rates of asthma are due to changing epigenetics (heritable factors other than those related to the DNA sequence) and a changing living environment. Asthma that starts before the age of 12 years old is more likely due to genetic influence, while onset after age 12 is more likely due to environmental influence. […] Many environmental factors have been associated with asthma’s development and exacerbation, including allergens, air pollution, and other environmental chemicals. There are some substances that are known to cause asthma in exposed people and they are called asthmagens. Some common asthmagens include ammonia, latex, pesticides, solder and welding fumes, metal or wood dusts, spraying of isocyanate paint in vehicle repair, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, anhydrides, glues, dyes, metal working fluids, oil mists, moulds.

• #129 Asthma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma

  Asthma is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Environmental factors include exposure to air pollution and allergens. Other potential triggers include medications such as aspirin and beta blockers. […] Asthma is caused by a combination of complex and incompletely understood environmental and genetic interactions. These influence both its severity and its responsiveness to treatment. It is believed that the recent increased rates of asthma are due to changing epigenetics (heritable factors other than those related to the DNA sequence) and a changing living environment. Asthma that starts before the age of 12 years old is more likely due to genetic influence, while onset after age 12 is more likely due to environmental influence. […] Many environmental factors have been associated with asthma’s development and exacerbation, including allergens, air pollution, and other environmental chemicals. There are some substances that are known to cause asthma in exposed people and they are called asthmagens. Some common asthmagens include ammonia, latex, pesticides, solder and welding fumes, metal or wood dusts, spraying of isocyanate paint in vehicle repair, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, anhydrides, glues, dyes, metal working fluids, oil mists, moulds.

• #130 Asthma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma

  Asthma is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Environmental factors include exposure to air pollution and allergens. Other potential triggers include medications such as aspirin and beta blockers. […] Asthma is caused by a combination of complex and incompletely understood environmental and genetic interactions. These influence both its severity and its responsiveness to treatment. It is believed that the recent increased rates of asthma are due to changing epigenetics (heritable factors other than those related to the DNA sequence) and a changing living environment. Asthma that starts before the age of 12 years old is more likely due to genetic influence, while onset after age 12 is more likely due to environmental influence. […] Many environmental factors have been associated with asthma’s development and exacerbation, including allergens, air pollution, and other environmental chemicals. There are some substances that are known to cause asthma in exposed people and they are called asthmagens. Some common asthmagens include ammonia, latex, pesticides, solder and welding fumes, metal or wood dusts, spraying of isocyanate paint in vehicle repair, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, anhydrides, glues, dyes, metal working fluids, oil mists, moulds.

• #131 Asthma – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asthma

  Asthma is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Environmental factors include exposure to air pollution and allergens. Other potential triggers include medications such as aspirin and beta blockers. […] Asthma is caused by a combination of complex and incompletely understood environmental and genetic interactions. These influence both its severity and its responsiveness to treatment. It is believed that the recent increased rates of asthma are due to changing epigenetics (heritable factors other than those related to the DNA sequence) and a changing living environment. Asthma that starts before the age of 12 years old is more likely due to genetic influence, while onset after age 12 is more likely due to environmental influence. […] Many environmental factors have been associated with asthma’s development and exacerbation, including allergens, air pollution, and other environmental chemicals. There are some substances that are known to cause asthma in exposed people and they are called asthmagens. Some common asthmagens include ammonia, latex, pesticides, solder and welding fumes, metal or wood dusts, spraying of isocyanate paint in vehicle repair, formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, anhydrides, glues, dyes, metal working fluids, oil mists, moulds.

• #132 What Causes Asthma and What Triggers an Attack

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-causes-asthma-8782122

  Asthma is a condition that makes breathing difficult due to swelling and tightening of the airways. It is caused by a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, such as a family history, living in an area with poor air quality, or having a history of smoking. Your risk of developing asthma depends on how many of these factors are present. […] Several environmental factors can also cause asthma. For example: Common allergens: Some babies and children develop asthma when exposed to common allergens such as dust mites, pollen, pet dander, or mold. Occupational exposures: Exposure to certain elements in the workplace, called occupational exposures or occupational hazards, can also cause asthma in adults. These include manufacturing, agriculture, construction chemicals, dust, and fumes. Poor air quality: Air pollution can increase airway sensitivity and contribute to the development of asthma; sources include vehicle emissions, industrial pollutants, and wildfire smoke.

• #133 Asthma | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/lungs-and-airways/asthma/

  Common asthma triggers include: infections in the upper airways like colds and the flu; dust mites; animal fur; feathers; pollen; cigarette smoke; chemical fumes; pollution; exercise; mould or damp; emotions including stress or laughing; food allergies; certain weather; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), like aspirin and ibuprofen; beta-blockers sometimes given for high blood pressure or some types of heart disease; foods containing sulphites such as concentrated fruit juice, jam, prawns and many processed or pre-cooked meals. […] Asthma may also be triggered by allergens or chemicals breathed in at work. Speak to your GP if you think your symptoms are worse at work and get better on holiday.

• #134 What Causes Asthma and What Triggers an Attack

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-causes-asthma-8782122

  An overactive or sensitive immune system can also play a role in developing asthma. In asthma, the immune system overreacts to harmless environmental elements like pollen, mold, or dust, causing airway inflammation. […] Severe respiratory infections during early childhood increase the risk of developing asthma post-recovery or later in life as an adult. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), the common cold, and influenza (the flu) cause inflammation and swelling in the airways, making breathing harder and increasing the chances of developing or triggering an asthma attack. […] Smoking is a significant risk factor for developing or worsening asthma. Cigarette smoke contains harmful chemicals that irritate the airways, damage lung tissue, and reduce lung function. […] Being overweight is a significant risk factor for asthma. Excess weight can put pressure on the lungs and diaphragm (the muscle that separates the abdomen from the chest) and restrict lung expansion, making breathing harder. Fat tissue is also linked to chronic inflammation. People with excess weight have higher levels of certain inflammatory markers that can cause airway narrowing and reduced lung function. […] A combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors causes asthma. It can be triggered by various allergens, poor air quality, and weather, among other things.

• #135 Asthma Attack: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and More

  https://www.health.com/asthma-attack-8706915

  An asthma attack, or flare-up, is the worsening of asthma symptoms in response to a trigger, such as an allergen, intense exercise, or an upper respiratory infection. […] These triggers cause the muscles surrounding the airways to tighten or spasm and lead to excess mucus production in the airways, making it difficult to breathe. […] An asthma attack occurs when a trigger causes changes in the airway that obstruct normal airflow and make breathing difficult. […] During an asthma attack, the muscles surrounding the airway constrict (tighten) or spasm, narrowing the airways. […] This constriction, combined with airway inflammation and increased mucus production, makes it harder to move air in and out of your lungs, causing the hallmark symptoms of an asthma attack. […] What triggers an asthma attack varies from person to person, but common triggers include: allergen exposure, irritants, weather, respiratory infections, exercise, and emotions.

• #136

• #137 About Asthma | Asthma | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/about/index.html

  Asthma causes wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness, and coughing at night or early in the morning. […] If you have asthma, you have it all the time, but you will have asthma attacks only when something bothers your lungs. […] An asthma attack may include coughing, chest tightness, wheezing, and trouble breathing. […] During an asthma attack, the sides of the airways in your lungs swell and the airways shrink. […] Less air gets in and out of your lungs, and mucous that your body makes clogs up the airways. […] Take your medicine exactly as your doctor tells you and stay away from things that can trigger an attack to control your asthma. […] Removing asthma triggers in the home, along with proper medical care can improve health. […] Asthma can be controlled with medications and avoiding triggers that cause an attack.

• #138 Asthma Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments | UPMC

  https://www.upmc.com/services/primary-care/conditions/asthma

  If you don’t control your asthma, it can lead to complications that affect your quality of life. In the worst case a severe asthma attack they can be life-threatening. […] You can reduce your risk of severe asthma attacks by seeing your doctor routinely and keeping up with your treatments. […] Knowing what sets off an attack and avoiding it is essential to manage your asthma.

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