Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Reye Syndrome – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526101/

  Given the high mortality of Reye syndrome despite treatment, the focus today is on prevention. […] The family should be told to avoid the use of salicylates in children. […] Finally, the CDC recommends that all children over the age of 6 months should receive the influenza vaccine. […] The pharmacist should always speak to the family about the safe use of medications in children and alternative options for the management of fever and pain.

• #2 Reye’s Syndrome: Causes, Risks & Treatment

  https://liverfoundation.org/liver-diseases/pediatric-liver-information-center/pediatric-liver-disease/reyes-syndrome/

  Reye syndrome is a rare illness that affects all bodily organs but is most harmful to the brain and the liver. It occurs primarily among children who are recovering from a viral infection, such as chicken pox or the flu. […] To reduce the risk of Reye syndrome, avoid giving aspirin or medications that contain aspirin to your child to treat viral illnesses. Other names for aspirin include: acetylsalicylic acid, acetylsalicylate, salicylic acid, and salicylate. Unless specifically instructed to do so by your child’s doctor, do not give aspirin to anyone younger than 19. […] If your child or teenager has the flu or chickenpox, use other medications such as acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or naproxen sodium to reduce fever or relieve pain. Check the label on any medication to make sure it does not include aspirin before giving it your child, and be sure to give the correct dose.

• #3 Reye syndrome – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reye_syndrome

  Prevention is typically by avoiding the use of aspirin in children. […] When aspirin was withdrawn for use in children in the US and UK in the 1980s, a decrease of more than 90% in rates of Reye syndrome was observed. […] The general recommendation to use aspirin in children was withdrawn because of Reye syndrome, with use only recommended in Kawasaki disease. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the U.S. Surgeon General, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommend that aspirin and combination products containing aspirin not be given to children and teenagers under 19 years of age during episodes of fever-causing illnesses. […] Current advice in the United Kingdom by the Committee on Safety of Medicines is that aspirin should not be given to those under the age of 16 years, unless specifically indicated in Kawasaki disease or in the prevention of blood clot formation.

• #4 Reye Syndrome Surveillance — United States, 1989

  https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001906.htm

  Editorial Note: The annual number of cases reported to the NRSSS has decreased sharply since 1980, coinciding with increased public awareness of the association between the ingestion of aspirin during antecedent varicella or influenza-like illness and subsequent development of RS. […] In addition, the use of aspirin-containing medication to treat children with these viral illnesses has decreased. […] The total number of reported RS cases in 1989 is lower than would be expected in a year with substantial influenza B activity. […] Before recognition of the association between aspirin use and risk for RS, periods of increased influenza B activity were characterized by substantial increases in the number of RS cases. […] Health-care personnel and public health agencies are urged to continue reporting to the NRSSS to assure adequate monitoring of the changing epidemiology of this illness.

• #5 Reye’s syndrome // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/reye-s-syndrome

  To prevent Reye’s syndrome, do not give children or teenagers aspirin. This includes plain aspirin and medicines that contain aspirin. Aspirin has been linked to Reye’s syndrome in children and teenagers who have the flu or chickenpox. […] Some hospitals and medical facilities screen newborns for fatty acid oxidation disorders to determine which children are at greater risk of developing Reye’s syndrome. It’s especially important not to give aspirin or medicines that contain aspirin to children with known fatty acid oxidation disorders. […] Always check the label before you give your child medicine. This includes products you buy without a prescription and alternative or herbal remedies. Aspirin can show up in some unexpected products such as Alka-Seltzer. […] For the treatment of fever or pain related to the flu, chickenpox or another viral illness, give your child a safer alternative to aspirin. This may include infants’ or children’s acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others). […] If your child needs to take aspirin, make sure your child’s vaccines are current. This includes two doses of the chickenpox vaccine and a yearly flu vaccine. Avoiding these two viral illnesses can help prevent Reye’s syndrome.

• #6

  https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00001108.htm

  Because the use of salicylates such as aspirin for children with influenza and chickenpox has been associated with Reye syndrome, the Surgeon General advises against use of salicylate and salicylate-containing medications for children with these diseases. […] CDC advises physicians and parents of the possible increased risk of Reye syndrome associated with the use of salicylates for children with chickenpox and influenza-like illness. […] The American Academy of Pediatrics’ Committee on Infectious Diseases also has reviewed the data, and in the June 1982 issue of Pediatrics issued a statement advising that the use of salicylates should be avoided for children suffering from influenza or chickenpox. […] The Surgeon General advises against the use of salicylates and salicylate-containing medications for children with influenza and chickenpox.

• #7 Reye syndrome – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reye_syndrome

  Prevention is typically by avoiding the use of aspirin in children. […] When aspirin was withdrawn for use in children in the US and UK in the 1980s, a decrease of more than 90% in rates of Reye syndrome was observed. […] The general recommendation to use aspirin in children was withdrawn because of Reye syndrome, with use only recommended in Kawasaki disease. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the U.S. Surgeon General, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommend that aspirin and combination products containing aspirin not be given to children and teenagers under 19 years of age during episodes of fever-causing illnesses. […] Current advice in the United Kingdom by the Committee on Safety of Medicines is that aspirin should not be given to those under the age of 16 years, unless specifically indicated in Kawasaki disease or in the prevention of blood clot formation.

• #8 Reye’s Syndrome Symptoms and What to Do

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/reyes-syndrome-2861001

  Since aspirin is strongly linked to Reye’s syndrome, the National Reye’s Syndrome Foundation, the U.S. Surgeon General, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) advise against the use of aspirin in children or teens with the flu or chickenpox. […] This not only includes aspirin brands but also aspirin-containing products. […] The risk of RS is greatly reduced by avoiding aspirin in children and teens with flu or chickenpox.

• #9 Reye syndrome – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reye_syndrome

  Prevention is typically by avoiding the use of aspirin in children. […] When aspirin was withdrawn for use in children in the US and UK in the 1980s, a decrease of more than 90% in rates of Reye syndrome was observed. […] The general recommendation to use aspirin in children was withdrawn because of Reye syndrome, with use only recommended in Kawasaki disease. […] The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the U.S. Surgeon General, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommend that aspirin and combination products containing aspirin not be given to children and teenagers under 19 years of age during episodes of fever-causing illnesses. […] Current advice in the United Kingdom by the Committee on Safety of Medicines is that aspirin should not be given to those under the age of 16 years, unless specifically indicated in Kawasaki disease or in the prevention of blood clot formation.

• #10 Reye’s syndrome // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/reye-s-syndrome

  To prevent Reye’s syndrome, do not give children or teenagers aspirin. This includes plain aspirin and medicines that contain aspirin. Aspirin has been linked to Reye’s syndrome in children and teenagers who have the flu or chickenpox. […] Some hospitals and medical facilities screen newborns for fatty acid oxidation disorders to determine which children are at greater risk of developing Reye’s syndrome. It’s especially important not to give aspirin or medicines that contain aspirin to children with known fatty acid oxidation disorders. […] Always check the label before you give your child medicine. This includes products you buy without a prescription and alternative or herbal remedies. Aspirin can show up in some unexpected products such as Alka-Seltzer. […] For the treatment of fever or pain related to the flu, chickenpox or another viral illness, give your child a safer alternative to aspirin. This may include infants’ or children’s acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others). […] If your child needs to take aspirin, make sure your child’s vaccines are current. This includes two doses of the chickenpox vaccine and a yearly flu vaccine. Avoiding these two viral illnesses can help prevent Reye’s syndrome.

• #11 Reye’s Syndrome: Causes, Risks & Treatment

  https://liverfoundation.org/liver-diseases/pediatric-liver-information-center/pediatric-liver-disease/reyes-syndrome/

  Reye syndrome is a rare illness that affects all bodily organs but is most harmful to the brain and the liver. It occurs primarily among children who are recovering from a viral infection, such as chicken pox or the flu. […] To reduce the risk of Reye syndrome, avoid giving aspirin or medications that contain aspirin to your child to treat viral illnesses. Other names for aspirin include: acetylsalicylic acid, acetylsalicylate, salicylic acid, and salicylate. Unless specifically instructed to do so by your child’s doctor, do not give aspirin to anyone younger than 19. […] If your child or teenager has the flu or chickenpox, use other medications such as acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or naproxen sodium to reduce fever or relieve pain. Check the label on any medication to make sure it does not include aspirin before giving it your child, and be sure to give the correct dose.

• #12 Aspirin Lists | Reyessyndrome

  https://www.reyes-syndrome.org/blank-2

  Epidemiological research has shown an association between the development of Reye’s Syndrome and the use of aspirin (a salicylate compound) for treating the symptoms of influenza-like illnesses, chicken pox, colds, etc. […] The U.S. Surgeon General, the Food and Drug Administration, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the American Academy of Pediatrics the National Reye’s Syndrome Foundation, and WHO recommend that aspirin and combination products containing aspirin not be given to children under 19 years of age during episodes of fever-causing or viral illnesses. […] It is possible to develop Reye’s Syndrome without taking aspirin. However, the chances of developing Reye’s Syndrome can be reduced by not giving aspirin to individuals for relief of discomfort or fever without first consulting a physician for each specific use.

• #13 Reye’s syndrome // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/reye-s-syndrome

  To prevent Reye’s syndrome, do not give children or teenagers aspirin. This includes plain aspirin and medicines that contain aspirin. Aspirin has been linked to Reye’s syndrome in children and teenagers who have the flu or chickenpox. […] Some hospitals and medical facilities screen newborns for fatty acid oxidation disorders to determine which children are at greater risk of developing Reye’s syndrome. It’s especially important not to give aspirin or medicines that contain aspirin to children with known fatty acid oxidation disorders. […] Always check the label before you give your child medicine. This includes products you buy without a prescription and alternative or herbal remedies. Aspirin can show up in some unexpected products such as Alka-Seltzer. […] For the treatment of fever or pain related to the flu, chickenpox or another viral illness, give your child a safer alternative to aspirin. This may include infants’ or children’s acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others). […] If your child needs to take aspirin, make sure your child’s vaccines are current. This includes two doses of the chickenpox vaccine and a yearly flu vaccine. Avoiding these two viral illnesses can help prevent Reye’s syndrome.

• #14 Reye syndrome Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/reye-syndrome

  Never give a child aspirin unless told to do so by your child’s provider. […] When a child must take aspirin for a medical condition, take care to reduce the child’s risk of catching a viral illness, such as the flu and chickenpox. Avoid aspirin for several weeks after the child has received a varicella (chickenpox) vaccine. […] Note: Other over-the-counter medicines, such as Pepto-Bismol and substances with oil of wintergreen also contain aspirin-like compounds called salicylates. DO NOT give these to a child who has a cold or fever.

• #15 Reye’s syndrome

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/reyes-syndrome/

  There are things you can do to reduce your child’s chance of getting Reye’s syndrome. […] think about getting your child vaccinated against flu and other common viruses […] do not give aspirin to children under the age of 16, unless their doctor prescribes it […] do not give children under 16 any medicines that contain salicylic acid or salicylate, which includes some mouth ulcer gels ask a pharmacist for advice about alternatives suitable for children.

• #16 Aspirin Lists | Reyessyndrome

  https://www.reyes-syndrome.org/blank-2

  Teens are especially at risk of developing Reye’s Syndrome due to self-medication. Too often, teens and tweens are ingesting aspirin-type products without parental knowledge. […] The National Reye’s Syndrome Foundation, U.S. Surgeon General, the Food and Drug Administration and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend that aspirin and combination products containing aspirin not be given to children or teenagers who are suffering from one of these illnesses. […] There is not enough data in regards to other forms of salicylate other than aspirin associated with the development of Reye’s Syndrome, but until further research has answered this question we recommend products listing these substances not be used at all in children and adolescents, because a virus may already be present before symptoms appear.

• #17 Reye’s syndrome // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/reye-s-syndrome

  To prevent Reye’s syndrome, do not give children or teenagers aspirin. This includes plain aspirin and medicines that contain aspirin. Aspirin has been linked to Reye’s syndrome in children and teenagers who have the flu or chickenpox. […] Some hospitals and medical facilities screen newborns for fatty acid oxidation disorders to determine which children are at greater risk of developing Reye’s syndrome. It’s especially important not to give aspirin or medicines that contain aspirin to children with known fatty acid oxidation disorders. […] Always check the label before you give your child medicine. This includes products you buy without a prescription and alternative or herbal remedies. Aspirin can show up in some unexpected products such as Alka-Seltzer. […] For the treatment of fever or pain related to the flu, chickenpox or another viral illness, give your child a safer alternative to aspirin. This may include infants’ or children’s acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others). […] If your child needs to take aspirin, make sure your child’s vaccines are current. This includes two doses of the chickenpox vaccine and a yearly flu vaccine. Avoiding these two viral illnesses can help prevent Reye’s syndrome.

• #18

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/abdominal/Pages/Reye-Syndrome.aspx

  Since the medical community issued a public warning against the use of aspirin during viral illnesses, the number of cases of Reye syndrome has decreased greatly. Therefore, we strongly recommend that you do not give aspirin or any medications containing aspirin to your child or teenager when he has any viral illness, particularly chickenpox or influenza. […] If he needs medication for mild fever or discomfort, give him acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Ibuprofen is approved for use in children six months of age or older; however, it should never be given to children who are dehydrated or who are vomiting continuously.

• #19 Reye’s Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/reye-syndrome

  Reyes syndrome has become less common. This is because doctors and parents no longer routinely give aspirin to children. […] If your child has a headache, its usually best to stick to acetaminophen (Tylenol) for treatment. However, make certain to use only the recommended amount. Too much Tylenol can damage the liver. […] If a childs pain or fever is not diminished by Tylenol, see a doctor.

• #20 Reye’s Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/reye-syndrome

  Reyes syndrome has become less common. This is because doctors and parents no longer routinely give aspirin to children. […] If your child has a headache, its usually best to stick to acetaminophen (Tylenol) for treatment. However, make certain to use only the recommended amount. Too much Tylenol can damage the liver. […] If a childs pain or fever is not diminished by Tylenol, see a doctor.

• #21 Reye’s Syndrome | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

  https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/reyes-syndrome

  Anyone at any age can get RS, but it’s most common in children and teens. […] Studies have shown a link between taking aspirin (salicylate) during a viral illness and developing Reye’s syndrome. Because of this, healthcare professionals recommend acetaminophen or ibuprofen instead of aspirin for children. […] Vaccinations can prevent many viral infections. […] For people with this disorder, taking aspirin when they have a viral illness is more likely to trigger RS symptoms. […] Early detection and treatment greatly improve the rate of recovery and survival.

• #22 What is the recommended treatment of aspirin associated Reye’s syndrome in children?

  https://www.ebmconsult.com/articles/recommended-treatment-aspirin-salicylic-acid-reye-syndrome

  Thinking beyond treatment is the value of prevention. Given the availability of vaccines against many viral illnesses (including the flu and chickenpox) that are indicated in patients less than 18 years of age, and the availability of numerous alternatives to aspirin containing products in this age group, prevention is the most effective intervention that can be implemented. […] In fact, the awareness of avoiding the use of aspirin during viral illness and the utilization of vaccines against such viral illness has significantly reduced the incidence of this condition in current clinical practice.

• #23 Reye Syndrome Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Stage-Specific Management, Prevention

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/803683-treatment

  Salicylates should be avoided in children, except in those who have conditions for which salicylates are a mainstay of therapy (eg, Kawasaki disease). Of approximately 200,000 children in Japan who were treated with aspirin for Kawasaki disease, only 1 was reported to have developed Reye syndrome. In children who require long-term salicylate therapy, use of these agents should be discontinued immediately at the first signs or symptoms of Reye syndrome. […] It is critical to be alert for and recognize early symptoms of Reye syndrome. It is also important to be mindful of the possibility that an IEM may be the actual cause of the symptoms and, if this is the case, to be prepared to treat the IEM. Appropriate management of IEMs dramatically decreases morbidity and mortality. […] Influenza vaccine is recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for everyone older than 6 months.

• #24 Reye Syndrome – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526101/

  Given the high mortality of Reye syndrome despite treatment, the focus today is on prevention. […] The family should be told to avoid the use of salicylates in children. […] Finally, the CDC recommends that all children over the age of 6 months should receive the influenza vaccine. […] The pharmacist should always speak to the family about the safe use of medications in children and alternative options for the management of fever and pain.

• #25 Reye’s syndrome // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/reye-s-syndrome

  To prevent Reye’s syndrome, do not give children or teenagers aspirin. This includes plain aspirin and medicines that contain aspirin. Aspirin has been linked to Reye’s syndrome in children and teenagers who have the flu or chickenpox. […] Some hospitals and medical facilities screen newborns for fatty acid oxidation disorders to determine which children are at greater risk of developing Reye’s syndrome. It’s especially important not to give aspirin or medicines that contain aspirin to children with known fatty acid oxidation disorders. […] Always check the label before you give your child medicine. This includes products you buy without a prescription and alternative or herbal remedies. Aspirin can show up in some unexpected products such as Alka-Seltzer. […] For the treatment of fever or pain related to the flu, chickenpox or another viral illness, give your child a safer alternative to aspirin. This may include infants’ or children’s acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others). […] If your child needs to take aspirin, make sure your child’s vaccines are current. This includes two doses of the chickenpox vaccine and a yearly flu vaccine. Avoiding these two viral illnesses can help prevent Reye’s syndrome.

• #26 How to Help Prevent Reye’s Syndrome in Children| Banner

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/healthcareblog/better-me/these-5-steps-can-help-parents-prevent-reyes-syndrome-in-children

  There are five steps you can take to reduce the risk of Reyes syndrome in your child: […] Avoid giving your child or teenager aspirin, especially if they have flu-like symptoms. […] Make sure your child is up to date on their varicella (chickenpox) immunization. […] Make sure your child gets a flu shot every year. When you get vaccinated, you are decreasing the risk of having influenza and triggering Reyes syndrome, Dr. Espinoza said. […] Parents can reduce the risk by avoiding aspirin and making sure they vaccinate their children against chickenpox and flu.

• #27 Reye’s syndrome

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/reyes-syndrome/

  There are things you can do to reduce your child’s chance of getting Reye’s syndrome. […] think about getting your child vaccinated against flu and other common viruses […] do not give aspirin to children under the age of 16, unless their doctor prescribes it […] do not give children under 16 any medicines that contain salicylic acid or salicylate, which includes some mouth ulcer gels ask a pharmacist for advice about alternatives suitable for children.

• #28 How to Help Prevent Reye’s Syndrome in Children| Banner

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/healthcareblog/better-me/these-5-steps-can-help-parents-prevent-reyes-syndrome-in-children

  There are five steps you can take to reduce the risk of Reyes syndrome in your child: […] Avoid giving your child or teenager aspirin, especially if they have flu-like symptoms. […] Make sure your child is up to date on their varicella (chickenpox) immunization. […] Make sure your child gets a flu shot every year. When you get vaccinated, you are decreasing the risk of having influenza and triggering Reyes syndrome, Dr. Espinoza said. […] Parents can reduce the risk by avoiding aspirin and making sure they vaccinate their children against chickenpox and flu.

• #29 Reye Syndrome Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Stage-Specific Management, Prevention

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/803683-treatment

  Salicylates should be avoided in children, except in those who have conditions for which salicylates are a mainstay of therapy (eg, Kawasaki disease). Of approximately 200,000 children in Japan who were treated with aspirin for Kawasaki disease, only 1 was reported to have developed Reye syndrome. In children who require long-term salicylate therapy, use of these agents should be discontinued immediately at the first signs or symptoms of Reye syndrome. […] It is critical to be alert for and recognize early symptoms of Reye syndrome. It is also important to be mindful of the possibility that an IEM may be the actual cause of the symptoms and, if this is the case, to be prepared to treat the IEM. Appropriate management of IEMs dramatically decreases morbidity and mortality. […] Influenza vaccine is recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for everyone older than 6 months.

• #30 Reye’s Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment & Outlook

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/6088-reyes-syndrome

  As theres a link between aspirin and Reyes syndrome, you can prevent the condition by not giving aspirin to children, especially if theyre younger than 16 years old. […] If your child needs aspirin to treat a condition, dont give your child aspirin before discussing the intended treatment with your healthcare provider. […] Always check labels for age requirements before giving medicine to your child or talk with your healthcare provider to make sure the medicine is safe for your child to take.

• #31 Reye syndrome Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/reye-syndrome

  Never give a child aspirin unless told to do so by your child’s provider. […] When a child must take aspirin for a medical condition, take care to reduce the child’s risk of catching a viral illness, such as the flu and chickenpox. Avoid aspirin for several weeks after the child has received a varicella (chickenpox) vaccine. […] Note: Other over-the-counter medicines, such as Pepto-Bismol and substances with oil of wintergreen also contain aspirin-like compounds called salicylates. DO NOT give these to a child who has a cold or fever.

• #32 Reye Syndrome Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Stage-Specific Management, Prevention

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/803683-treatment

  Salicylates should be avoided in children, except in those who have conditions for which salicylates are a mainstay of therapy (eg, Kawasaki disease). Of approximately 200,000 children in Japan who were treated with aspirin for Kawasaki disease, only 1 was reported to have developed Reye syndrome. In children who require long-term salicylate therapy, use of these agents should be discontinued immediately at the first signs or symptoms of Reye syndrome. […] It is critical to be alert for and recognize early symptoms of Reye syndrome. It is also important to be mindful of the possibility that an IEM may be the actual cause of the symptoms and, if this is the case, to be prepared to treat the IEM. Appropriate management of IEMs dramatically decreases morbidity and mortality. […] Influenza vaccine is recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for everyone older than 6 months.

• #33 Reye syndrome Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/reye-syndrome

  Never give a child aspirin unless told to do so by your child’s provider. […] When a child must take aspirin for a medical condition, take care to reduce the child’s risk of catching a viral illness, such as the flu and chickenpox. Avoid aspirin for several weeks after the child has received a varicella (chickenpox) vaccine. […] Note: Other over-the-counter medicines, such as Pepto-Bismol and substances with oil of wintergreen also contain aspirin-like compounds called salicylates. DO NOT give these to a child who has a cold or fever.

• #34 Reye Syndrome

  https://oklahoma.gov/health/health-education/acute-disease-service/disease-information/reye-syndrome.html

  Steps to prevent Reye syndrome: […] Never give a child aspirin or aspirin-containing medications unless told to do so by your doctor. […] When a child must take aspirin, take care to reduce the child’s risk of catching a viral illness, such as the flu or chickenpox. […] Avoid aspirin for several weeks after the child has received a varicella (chickenpox) vaccine. […] Do not give these to a child who has a cold or fever.

• #35 Reye’s syndrome // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/reye-s-syndrome

  To prevent Reye’s syndrome, do not give children or teenagers aspirin. This includes plain aspirin and medicines that contain aspirin. Aspirin has been linked to Reye’s syndrome in children and teenagers who have the flu or chickenpox. […] Some hospitals and medical facilities screen newborns for fatty acid oxidation disorders to determine which children are at greater risk of developing Reye’s syndrome. It’s especially important not to give aspirin or medicines that contain aspirin to children with known fatty acid oxidation disorders. […] Always check the label before you give your child medicine. This includes products you buy without a prescription and alternative or herbal remedies. Aspirin can show up in some unexpected products such as Alka-Seltzer. […] For the treatment of fever or pain related to the flu, chickenpox or another viral illness, give your child a safer alternative to aspirin. This may include infants’ or children’s acetaminophen (Tylenol, others) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others). […] If your child needs to take aspirin, make sure your child’s vaccines are current. This includes two doses of the chickenpox vaccine and a yearly flu vaccine. Avoiding these two viral illnesses can help prevent Reye’s syndrome.

• #36 Reye’s Syndrome in Kids: Reasons, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://parenting.firstcry.com/articles/reye-syndrome-in-children/

  As mentioned before, all parents should exercise caution when giving aspirin to children or teenagers. While the drug has been approved for children over the age of 2, it should never be given to children recovering from chickenpox or flu-like symptoms. Also, avoid any other types or brands of pain medications that might include aspirin too. Make sure to also read up on some of the other common names of aspirin to make sure your child does not accidentally take the drug. […] While the exact causes of the illness are still unknown, it is now widely thought that some children might be at higher risk from the disease than others. Children at greater risk include those with fatty acid oxidation disorders. Some hospitals will conduct newborn screenings for this, and it should be available upon request if you check with your medical provider.

• #37 Reye’s syndrome: Symptoms, causes, treatment, and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/317960

  Due to aspirin’s connections with Reyes syndrome, it should never be used to treat viral diseases, such as flu or chickenpox. Children and teenagers should not take aspirin except under special instruction from the doctor. […] The U.S. Surgeon General, the Food and Drug Administration, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the American Academy of Pediatrics, and the National Reyes Syndrome Foundation all recommend that aspirin should not be given to anyone under the age of 19 with a fever or signs of viral illness. […] Those people just recovering from chickenpox are at greater risk of Reyes syndrome and aspirin should not be used as treatment. […] Once again flu, or influenza, should not be treated in children and teenagers with any medication that contains aspirin. […] Early diagnosis and successful management can prevent severe complications, such as brain damage or cardiac arrest.

• #38 Reye Syndrome Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Stage-Specific Management, Prevention

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/803683-treatment

  Salicylates should be avoided in children, except in those who have conditions for which salicylates are a mainstay of therapy (eg, Kawasaki disease). Of approximately 200,000 children in Japan who were treated with aspirin for Kawasaki disease, only 1 was reported to have developed Reye syndrome. In children who require long-term salicylate therapy, use of these agents should be discontinued immediately at the first signs or symptoms of Reye syndrome. […] It is critical to be alert for and recognize early symptoms of Reye syndrome. It is also important to be mindful of the possibility that an IEM may be the actual cause of the symptoms and, if this is the case, to be prepared to treat the IEM. Appropriate management of IEMs dramatically decreases morbidity and mortality. […] Influenza vaccine is recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for everyone older than 6 months.

• #39 Reye Syndrome Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Stage-Specific Management, Prevention

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/803683-treatment

  Salicylates should be avoided in children, except in those who have conditions for which salicylates are a mainstay of therapy (eg, Kawasaki disease). Of approximately 200,000 children in Japan who were treated with aspirin for Kawasaki disease, only 1 was reported to have developed Reye syndrome. In children who require long-term salicylate therapy, use of these agents should be discontinued immediately at the first signs or symptoms of Reye syndrome. […] It is critical to be alert for and recognize early symptoms of Reye syndrome. It is also important to be mindful of the possibility that an IEM may be the actual cause of the symptoms and, if this is the case, to be prepared to treat the IEM. Appropriate management of IEMs dramatically decreases morbidity and mortality. […] Influenza vaccine is recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for everyone older than 6 months.

• #40 How to Help Prevent Reye’s Syndrome in Children| Banner

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/healthcareblog/better-me/these-5-steps-can-help-parents-prevent-reyes-syndrome-in-children

  There are five steps you can take to reduce the risk of Reyes syndrome in your child: […] Avoid giving your child or teenager aspirin, especially if they have flu-like symptoms. […] Make sure your child is up to date on their varicella (chickenpox) immunization. […] Make sure your child gets a flu shot every year. When you get vaccinated, you are decreasing the risk of having influenza and triggering Reyes syndrome, Dr. Espinoza said. […] Parents can reduce the risk by avoiding aspirin and making sure they vaccinate their children against chickenpox and flu.

• #41 Reye’s Syndrome | Boston.gov

  https://www.boston.gov/government/cabinets/boston-public-health-commission/infectious-diseases/infectious-diseases-z/reyes-syndrome

  How can I prevent Reyes syndrome? Never give a child under 18 years of age aspirin (salicylates) unless told to do so by your healthcare provider. Keep in mind that salicylates are in a wide range of over-the-counter medications such as Pepto-Bismol and compounds containing oil of wintergreen.

• #42 Reye Syndrome | Boston Children’s Hospital

  https://www.childrenshospital.org/conditions/reye-syndrome

  Parents should read medication labels carefully and avoid giving children products containing aspirin during times of illness. Consult your child’s physician for questions regarding medications and dosage.

• #43 Reye syndrome | Children’s Wisconsin

  https://childrenswi.org/medical-care/neuroscience/conditions/reye-syndrome

  Parents should read medication labels carefully and avoid giving children products containing aspirin during times of illness. […] Consult your child’s physician for questions regarding medications and dosage.

• #44 Reye Syndrome – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526101/

  Given the high mortality of Reye syndrome despite treatment, the focus today is on prevention. […] The family should be told to avoid the use of salicylates in children. […] Finally, the CDC recommends that all children over the age of 6 months should receive the influenza vaccine. […] The pharmacist should always speak to the family about the safe use of medications in children and alternative options for the management of fever and pain.

• #45 Reye’s Syndrome: A Rare But Serious Pediatric Condition

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/reyes-syndrome-a-rare-but-serious-pediatric-condition

  Reyes syndrome is a serious condition of children and adolescents that is rarely seen today. Aspirin is considered to be the most significant causative agent, although this association is often challenged. […] Despite the controversy regarding the relationship of aspirin to Reyes syndrome, this is a condition with significant morbidity and mortality and therefore it is prudent to continue to limit the use of aspirin in children. A risk-benefit assessment must be done on a patient-by-patient basis. While the benefit likely outweighs the risk in patients with disorders such as Kawasaki disease, the pharmacist can play a role in ensuring that these patients receive their influenza vaccination to decrease their chance of viral illness during their aspirin therapy. In otherwise healthy children, the use of aspirin as an antipyretic or anti-inflammatory agent is not recommended because the benefit likely does not outweigh the risk. In this circumstance, the pharmacist can play an important role in recommending an alternative agent, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen.

• #46 Reye Syndrome in Children

  https://healthlibrary.brighamandwomens.org/library/wellness/Prevention/90,P02620

  Reye syndrome is a rare but very serious illness that causes brain swelling and liver damage. It can also affect all the bodys organs. […] The exact cause of Reye syndrome is not known. But studies have shown a link between Reye syndrome and children who take aspirin during or after a viral illness. […] Don’t give aspirin to a child younger than age 19, unless your child’s healthcare provider tells you to do so. Read all medicine labels carefully. Aspirin is also called acetylsalicylic acid. Some medicines may have aspirin included. Ask your childs healthcare provider any questions you have about medicines and dosage. […] If your child shows any symptoms of Reye syndrome during or right after a viral illness, get medical care right away. […] Read all medicine labels carefully. Aspirin is also called acetylsalicylic acid. Some medicines may have aspirin included. Ask your childs healthcare provider any questions you have about medicines and dosage.

• #47 Reye’s Syndrome | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

  https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/reyes-syndrome

  Anyone at any age can get RS, but it’s most common in children and teens. […] Studies have shown a link between taking aspirin (salicylate) during a viral illness and developing Reye’s syndrome. Because of this, healthcare professionals recommend acetaminophen or ibuprofen instead of aspirin for children. […] Vaccinations can prevent many viral infections. […] For people with this disorder, taking aspirin when they have a viral illness is more likely to trigger RS symptoms. […] Early detection and treatment greatly improve the rate of recovery and survival.

• #48 Reye’s Syndrome NCLEX Review – Straight A Nursing

  https://straightanursingstudent.com/reyes-syndrome/

  Reye’s syndrome is a rare but very serious condition that involves acute encephalopathy, cerebral edema and fatty liver failure. […] Note that it’s not salicylate overdose that leads to Reye’s syndrome, but simply aspirin usage. […] The key education point for Reye’s syndrome is to avoid giving aspirin to children unless advised to do so by a physician. Alternatives for fever and pain management are acetaminophen and ibuprofen. […] Because Reye’s syndrome can be fatal if untreated, teach parents to always seek medical attention if they notice the signs and symptoms in their child.

• #49 Reye’s Syndrome | National Reye’s Syndrome Foundation | United States

  https://www.reyes-syndrome.org/

  Awareness – to aid in the early detection of Reye’s Syndrome, and to educate the public and medical communities about the risk factor involved with the use of aspirin. […] Research – to support investigation into the cause, management, treatment, and prevention of Reye’s Syndrome, as well as study the impact the disease has had on survivors.

• #50 Reye’s Syndrome | National Reye’s Syndrome Foundation | United States

  https://www.reyes-syndrome.org/

  Awareness – to aid in the early detection of Reye’s Syndrome, and to educate the public and medical communities about the risk factor involved with the use of aspirin. […] Research – to support investigation into the cause, management, treatment, and prevention of Reye’s Syndrome, as well as study the impact the disease has had on survivors.

• #51 Reye’s Syndrome | National Reye’s Syndrome Foundation | United States

  https://www.reyes-syndrome.org/

  Awareness – to aid in the early detection of Reye’s Syndrome, and to educate the public and medical communities about the risk factor involved with the use of aspirin. […] Research – to support investigation into the cause, management, treatment, and prevention of Reye’s Syndrome, as well as study the impact the disease has had on survivors.

• #52

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/abdominal/Pages/Reye-Syndrome.aspx

  Since the medical community issued a public warning against the use of aspirin during viral illnesses, the number of cases of Reye syndrome has decreased greatly. Therefore, we strongly recommend that you do not give aspirin or any medications containing aspirin to your child or teenager when he has any viral illness, particularly chickenpox or influenza. […] If he needs medication for mild fever or discomfort, give him acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Ibuprofen is approved for use in children six months of age or older; however, it should never be given to children who are dehydrated or who are vomiting continuously.

• #53 Reye Syndrome – What You Need to Know

  https://www.drugs.com/cg/reye-syndrome.html

  How can Reye syndrome be prevented? […] Do not give your child aspirin or medicines that contain aspirin. Read the label on medicine before you give it to your child. Check your child’s medicine labels for aspirin, salicylates, or oil of wintergreen. These substances may be in cold medicines, herbal supplements, or vitamins. Ask your child’s healthcare provider which medicines are safe for your child. […] Ask your child’s healthcare provider about vaccines. Vaccines can prevent infections such as the chickenpox or the flu.

• #54 Reye’s syndrome symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention

  https://www.singlecare.com/blog/reyes-syndrome/

  Prevention of Reyes syndrome focuses on avoiding aspirin and aspirin-containing medications in children with viral infections, vaccination against flu and chickenpox, and using safer alternatives like acetaminophen or ibuprofen for fever and pain. […] It may not be possible to prevent all cases of Reyes syndrome, as some cases aren’t linked to aspirin. However, the chances of contracting this rare illness go down significantly by making sure that children with viral infections don’t take any medications that contain acetylsalicylic acid, salicylic acid, acetylsalicylate, or salicylate compounds. […] In addition to avoiding those medications, you can reduce your child’s risk of contracting a viral infection in the first place by immunizing your children against all vaccine-preventable illness, but particularly flu (influenza) or varicella (chickenpox) as these are two of the most common vaccine-preventable febrile illnesses. […] For other children, acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Motrin) are always recommended instead of aspirin, especially with viral illnesses.

• #55 What is Reye’s Syndrome? A Complete Overview – BuzzRx

  https://www.buzzrx.com/blog/what-is-reyes-syndrome

  Case reports show that children and teenagers recovering from a viral respiratory infection or chickenpox who took aspirin developed Reye syndrome. Because of these medication reactions, public health recommendations are that you should not give a child aspirin or salicylate-containing medications such as Pepto-Bismol if they are recovering from a flu-like illness or chickenpox. […] Some medical facilities perform screening for fatty acid oxidation disorders in newborns. Children diagnosed with fatty acid oxidation disorders should not take aspirin or salicylate-containing medicines. […] The only exception to the general rule about aspirin use in children and teenagers is in those with Kawasaki disease and other chronic conditions that require long-term treatment with aspirin-containing drugs. In these cases, it is important to make sure that the child’s vaccinations are up-to-date.

• #56 What is Reye’s Syndrome? A Complete Overview – BuzzRx

  https://www.buzzrx.com/blog/what-is-reyes-syndrome

  Check medication labels before giving them to children, especially herbal remedies and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs available without a prescription. Salicylate is an ingredient in many OTC products, including Alka-Seltzer and Pepto-Bismol. […] Aspirin is approved for use in children older than 3 years of age. However, you should avoid giving aspirin to children and adolescents of any age to treat pain and fever. There are safer alternatives such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) that are specially formulated for children. […] Make sure your child is up-to-date on recommended vaccinations, including two doses of the chickenpox vaccine and the annual flu vaccine. These two viral illnesses are most closely linked to Reye’s syndrome. Preventing them can prevent Reyes syndrome or reduce your child’s risk of developing this dangerous condition.

• #57 What is the recommended treatment of aspirin associated Reye’s syndrome in children?

  https://www.ebmconsult.com/articles/recommended-treatment-aspirin-salicylic-acid-reye-syndrome

  Thinking beyond treatment is the value of prevention. Given the availability of vaccines against many viral illnesses (including the flu and chickenpox) that are indicated in patients less than 18 years of age, and the availability of numerous alternatives to aspirin containing products in this age group, prevention is the most effective intervention that can be implemented. […] In fact, the awareness of avoiding the use of aspirin during viral illness and the utilization of vaccines against such viral illness has significantly reduced the incidence of this condition in current clinical practice.

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