Zespół nadmiaru eozynofili

Zespół nadmiaru eozynofili
Epidemiologia

Zespół nadmiaru eozynofili (HES) to rzadkie, heterogenne zaburzenie charakteryzujące się utrzymującą się eozynofilią krwi obwodowej (≥1,0 × 10⁹/L) i/lub tkanek oraz uszkodzeniem narządów wywołanym przez eozynofile. Epidemiologia HES jest niejednoznaczna, z zapadalnością szacowaną na 0,16-3,95 na 100 000 osób i chorobowością od 0,36 do 10,44 na 100 000 osób, w zależności od źródła i regionu. Choroba najczęściej dotyczy osób w wieku 20-50 lat, z przewagą mężczyzn (stosunek mężczyzn do kobiet od 5:1 do 9:1), choć po wykluczeniu przypadków z fuzją genu FIP1L1-PDGFRA ta dysproporcja jest mniej wyraźna. Klinicznie HES manifestuje się objawami takimi jak zmęczenie, kaszel, duszność, bóle mięśniowe, zmiany skórne (występujące u 27-69% pacjentów), zajęcie płuc (40-60%) oraz kardiomiopatia (20%). U dzieci obserwuje się częstsze dolegliwości żołądkowo-jelitowe i wyższą medianę liczby eozynofilów, a także mniejsze zajęcie płuc.

Epidemiologia zespołu nadmiaru eozynofili

Częstotliwość występowania
Rozkład demograficzny
Trendy epidemiologiczne
Manifestacje kliniczne w kontekscie epidemiologicznym
Znaczenie w opiece zdrowotnej
Wyzwania w badaniach epidemiologicznych

Nadzór nad zespołem nadmiaru eozynofili

Systemy nadzoru i rejestry
Monitorowanie i prognozowanie
Wyzwania w nadzorze
Znaczenie długoterminowej obserwacji
Relacja z COVID-19
Kolejne rozdziały

Epidemiologia zespołu nadmiaru eozynofili

Zespół nadmiaru eozynofili (Hypereosinophilic syndrome, HES) stanowi rzadką i heterogenną grupę zaburzeń charakteryzujących się utrzymującą się eozynofilia-krwi-obwodowej/” title=”eozynofilia krwi obwodowej” class=”to-tag” data-termid=”44289″>eozynofilią krwi obwodowej i/lub tkanek, wraz z objawami uszkodzenia narządów wywołanego przez eozynofile. Ze względu na złożony obraz kliniczny oraz zaangażowanie wielu specjalistów w diagnostykę, a także z powodu wciąż niespójnych kryteriów definicji i rozpoznania, epidemiologia zaburzeń eozynofilowych nie jest w pełni poznana.¹²

Częstotliwość występowania

Rzeczywista zapadalność i chorobowość zespołu nadmiaru eozynofili pozostaje nieznana. Badanie z 2010 roku, wykorzystujące bazę danych Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER), wykazało szacunkową zapadalność skorygowaną względem wieku pomiędzy 0,16 a 0,36 na 100 000 osób, natomiast chorobowość (obliczoną jako iloczyn zapadalności i czasu trwania choroby przewlekłej) pomiędzy 0,36 a 6,3 na 100 000 osób.³⁴

Według danych z różnych źródeł, chorobowość HES waha się w podobnych granicach. Dane z Wielkiej Brytanii wskazują na zapadalność na poziomie od poniżej 0,04 do 0,17 na 100 000 osobolat oraz chorobowość od 0,15 do 0,89 przypadków na 100 000 osób.⁵ Szacunki Europejskiej Agencji Leków (EMA) z 2004 roku wskazują na chorobowość na poziomie 1,5 na 100 000 osób, co odpowiada około 8 000 przypadków w UE, 5 000 w USA i 2 000 w Japonii.⁶

Badanie oceniające spektrum eozynofilii w warunkach tropikalnych wykazało zapadalność 0,5 do 1 przypadku na 100 000 populacji szpitalnej dla HE/HES, co prawdopodobnie jest niedoszacowane.⁷ Natomiast nowsze badanie przeprowadzone w Niemczech, oparte na danych z baz roszczeń zdrowotnych, wykazało w 2019 roku chorobowość HES na poziomie 10,44 na 100 000 osób i zapadalność 3,95 na 100 000 populacji.⁸

Rozkład demograficzny

Zespół nadmiaru eozynofili występuje najczęściej u osób w wieku od 20 do 50 lat, z największą częstością zachorowań w czwartej dekadzie życia.⁹¹⁰¹¹ Choroba jest rzadko obserwowana u dzieci, a jej częstość występowania zmniejsza się w populacji osób starszych.¹²¹³

W literaturze opisywano znaczącą przewagę występowania HES u mężczyzn, z proporcją mężczyzn do kobiet wynoszącą nawet 9:1.¹⁴¹⁵ Jednakże, po wykluczeniu przypadków z fuzją genu FIP1L1-PDGFRA, ta przewaga płci została zakwestionowana.¹⁶ Według innych źródeł, stosunek mężczyzn do kobiet wynosi około 5:1.¹⁷ Ogólnie przyjmuje się, że około 90% przypadków HES dotyczy mężczyzn w średnim wieku.¹⁸

Warto zauważyć, że chociaż zespół nadmiaru eozynofili jest rzadki u dzieci, warianty HES występują z podobną częstością u dzieci i dorosłych.¹⁹ Dzieci z pierwotnymi niedoborami odporności częściej prezentują wtórny HES niż dorośli. Ponadto, u dzieci zaobserwowano wyższą medianę szczytowej bezwzględnej liczby eozynofilów, więcej dolegliwości żołądkowo-jelitowych i mniejsze zajęcie płuc.²⁰

Trendy epidemiologiczne

Analizując dane epidemiologiczne dotyczące HES, należy zwrócić uwagę na obserwowane trendy. Badanie przeprowadzone w Niemczech wykazało, że zarówno chorobowość, jak i zapadalność na HES i EGPA (eozynofilowa ziarniniakowatość z zapaleniem naczyń) wzrosły w latach 2015-2019.²¹ Może to wynikać z lepszych metod diagnostycznych i zwiększonej świadomości choroby, ale także sugeruje, że wcześniejsze dane epidemiologiczne mogły być niedoszacowane.²²

Manifestacje kliniczne w kontekscie epidemiologicznym

W kontekście epidemiologicznym istotne jest również zrozumienie różnorodności manifestacji klinicznych HES. Najczęstsze objawy hipereozynofilii obejmują zmęczenie, kaszel, duszność, bóle mięśniowe, obrzęk naczynioruchowy, nieżyt nosa, wysypkę i gorączkę.²³

Zmiany skórne mogą wystąpić nawet u 69% pacjentów z hipereozynofilią i mogą stanowić jedyny kliniczny dowód choroby u pacjenta bez innych objawów.²⁴²⁵ W przeglądzie sugerowano, że 27% zgłoszonych przypadków HES miało zmiany skórne.²⁶

Zajęcie płuc może wystąpić u 40-60% przypadków HES, podczas gdy kardiomiopatia wywołana eozynofilią została zgłoszona u 20% pacjentów.²⁷ Objawy żołądkowo-jelitowe są częstsze u dzieci niż u dorosłych.²⁸

Znaczenie w opiece zdrowotnej

Mimo rzadkości występowania, HES stanowi istotne wyzwanie dla systemu opieki zdrowotnej ze względu na potencjalnie zagrażające życiu powikłania i potrzebę długoterminowego leczenia. Badanie z 2019 roku wykazało, że pacjenci z eozynofilią ≥1,0 × 10⁹/L stanowili 0,9% wszystkich hospitalizacji na oddziałach intensywnej terapii.²⁹

Wczesne rozpoznanie i leczenie HES ma kluczowe znaczenie dla zapobiegania nieodwracalnemu uszkodzeniu narządów, szczególnie serca. Rokowanie zależy od odpowiedzi na leczenie i przyczyny choroby, ale nowoczesne metody leczenia znacząco poprawiły przeżywalność – obecnie ponad 80% pacjentów z HES przeżywa pięć lat lub dłużej.³⁰

Wyzwania w badaniach epidemiologicznych

Dokładne określenie epidemiologii HES pozostaje wyzwaniem z kilku powodów. Po pierwsze, ze względu na postęp w technikach diagnostycznych, przyczyny eozynofilii można zidentyfikować w wielu przypadkach, które w przeszłości zostałyby sklasyfikowane jako idiopatyczne.³¹ Po drugie, różnorodność kliniczna i nakładanie się objawów z innymi chorobami, takimi jak zaburzenia autoimmunologiczne czy reakcje alergiczne, utrudnia jednoznaczne rozpoznanie.³²

Ponadto, badania epidemiologiczne są utrudnione przez różnice w definiowaniu i klasyfikacji HES. Zespół nadmiaru eozynofili jest obecnie uznawany za grupę chorób, a nie pojedynczą jednostkę chorobową, co dodatkowo komplikuje gromadzenie danych epidemiologicznych.³³

Nadzór nad zespołem nadmiaru eozynofili

Ze względu na rzadkość występowania i złożoność obrazu klinicznego, nadzór nad zespołem nadmiaru eozynofili wymaga skoordynowanego podejścia obejmującego różne specjalizacje medyczne.³⁴

Systemy nadzoru i rejestry

Jednym z kluczowych źródeł danych epidemiologicznych dotyczących HES jest baza danych Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER), która dostarcza informacji na temat zapadalności i chorobowości w Stanach Zjednoczonych.³⁵³⁶ Podobne systemy nadzoru istnieją w innych krajach, takich jak Niemcy, gdzie analiza danych z baz roszczeń zdrowotnych pozwala na śledzenie trendów epidemiologicznych.³⁷

Europejska Agencja Leków (EMA) prowadzi również nadzór nad rzadkimi chorobami, w tym HES, szczególnie w kontekście nadawania statusu leku sierocego.³⁸ Agencja ta realizuje również badania mające na celu określenie chorobowości HES w populacji pediatrycznej w Unii Europejskiej.³⁹

Monitorowanie i prognozowanie

Firmy badawcze, takie jak IMARC Group, prowadzą szczegółowe analizy rynku HES, obejmujące epidemiologię, trendy przemysłowe, udział, wielkość, możliwości i prognozy.⁴⁰ Podobnie, raport „Hypereosinophilic Syndrome – Epidemiology Forecast to 2032” dostarcza wglądu w historyczną i prognozowaną pulę pacjentów z HES w siedmiu głównych rynkach obejmujących Stany Zjednoczone, UE5 (Niemcy, Hiszpania, Francja, Włochy, Wielka Brytania) i Japonię.⁴¹⁴²

Tego typu analizy pozwalają na ocenę ryzyka i obciążenia chorobą oraz podkreślają niezaspokojone potrzeby związane z HES.⁴³ Prognozy obejmują zazwyczaj 11-letni horyzont czasowy i dostarczają informacji na temat liczby pacjentów z HES w poszczególnych krajach.⁴⁴⁴⁵

Wyzwania w nadzorze

Nadzór nad HES jest utrudniony przez szereg czynników. Po pierwsze, złożoność diagnostyczna i różnorodność objawów klinicznych mogą prowadzić do opóźnionego lub nieprawidłowego rozpoznania.⁴⁶ Po drugie, brak jednolitych kryteriów diagnostycznych utrudnia porównywanie danych z różnych źródeł.⁴⁷

Ponadto, pacjenci z HES wymagają wielodyscyplinarnego podejścia, co może prowadzić do fragmentacji opieki i danych. Jak podkreślono w raporcie na temat dwóch przypadków z różnymi objawami, „pełne badanie jest obowiązkowe przed postawieniem diagnozy HES. Ze względu na potencjał do zajęcia innych układów, podejście multidyscyplinarne jest niezbędne w leczeniu HES.”⁴⁸

Znaczenie długoterminowej obserwacji

Długoterminowa obserwacja pacjentów z HES jest kluczowa z kilku powodów. Po pierwsze, około 10-20% pacjentów może rozwinąć skórny chłoniak T-komórkowy (CTCL) o złym rokowaniu.⁴⁹ Po drugie, eozynofilia ma istotną rolę prognostyczną w CTCL, z medianą przeżycia o 3 lata niższą u pacjentów z poziomem eozynofilów powyżej 700/L.⁵⁰

Ponadto, niektórzy pacjenci z HES mogą po kilku latach rozwinąć białaczkę, co podkreśla znaczenie długoterminowej obserwacji.⁵¹ Regularne wizyty u lekarza i ścisłe monitorowanie poziomu eozynofilów mogą pomóc we wczesnym wykryciu progresji choroby.⁵²

Relacja z COVID-19

W kontekście pandemii COVID-19, obserwuje się złożoną relację między infekcją SARS-CoV-2 a zaburzeniami eozynofilowymi. Odnotowano przypadki zaostrzenia idiopatycznego HES i nowych zachorowań na M-HES wkrótce po infekcji.⁵³ Potrzebne są większe badania, aby wyjaśnić tę relację.⁵⁴

Ta nowo zaobserwowana zależność podkreśla potrzebę wzmożonego nadzoru nad pacjentami z HES w kontekście pandemii COVID-19 oraz dalszych badań nad mechanizmami łączącymi te dwa stany kliniczne.

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Materiały źródłowe

#1 Eosinophilic disorders: evaluation of current classification and diagnostic criteria, proposal of a practical diagnostic algorithm | Clinical and Translational Allergy | Full Text
https://ctajournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13601-019-0277-4
Epidemiology of eosinophilic disorders is not clear, mainly due to variable clinical picture and involvement of many specialists, but also due to still inconsistent definition and diagnosis criteria. […] The reported age-adjusted incidence rate of HES, including chronic eosinophilic leukemia, based on the International Classification of Disease (ICD) for Oncology (version 3), was about 0.036 per 100.000, as resulting from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database between 2001 and 2005. […] A study evaluating the spectrum of eosinophilia in a tropical setting reported the incidence of 0.5 to 1 case/100.000 hospital population for HE/HES, which is likely to be underestimated.
#2 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK599558/
Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare and complex group of disorders posing diagnostic challenges for clinicians. […] This course is designed to equip clinicians with a comprehensive understanding of the epidemiology, evaluation, and management of HES, offering valuable insights to enhance patient care. […] Delving into the prevalence rates and demographic patterns, learners will focus on the age group most commonly affected and the prevalence rate ranging from 0.36 to 6.3 per 100,000. […] The true incidence and prevalence of hypereosinophilic syndromes is unknown. A 2010 study utilizing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database showed an estimated age-adjusted incidence rate between 0.16 and 0.36 per 100,000 and prevalence (calculated as a product of incidence times duration of chronic disease) between 0.36 to 6.3 per 100,000. […] While HES occurs more commonly between the ages of 20 to 50, some pediatric cases are reported. […] Studies suggest that the frequencies of HES variants are similar between children and adults.
#3 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK599558/
Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare and complex group of disorders posing diagnostic challenges for clinicians. […] This course is designed to equip clinicians with a comprehensive understanding of the epidemiology, evaluation, and management of HES, offering valuable insights to enhance patient care. […] Delving into the prevalence rates and demographic patterns, learners will focus on the age group most commonly affected and the prevalence rate ranging from 0.36 to 6.3 per 100,000. […] The true incidence and prevalence of hypereosinophilic syndromes is unknown. A 2010 study utilizing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database showed an estimated age-adjusted incidence rate between 0.16 and 0.36 per 100,000 and prevalence (calculated as a product of incidence times duration of chronic disease) between 0.36 to 6.3 per 100,000. […] While HES occurs more commonly between the ages of 20 to 50, some pediatric cases are reported. […] Studies suggest that the frequencies of HES variants are similar between children and adults.
#4 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome | Treatment & Management | Point of Care
https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/149474
The true incidence and prevalence of hypereosinophilic syndromes is unknown. A 2010 study utilizing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database showed an estimated age-adjusted incidence rate between 0.16 and 0.36 per 100,000 and prevalence (calculated as a product of incidence times duration of chronic disease) between 0.36 to 6.3 per 100,000. […] While HES occurs more commonly between the ages of 20 to 50, some pediatric cases are reported. Studies suggest that the frequencies of HES variants are similar between children and adults. Children with primary immunodeficiency more commonly present with secondary HES than adults. In addition, children were noted to have higher median peak absolute eosinophil count, more gastrointestinal complaints, and less pulmonary involvement.
#5 Hypereosinophilic vasculitis with Raynaud phenomenon presentation: a case report | The Egyptian Heart Journal | Full Text
https://tehj.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s43044-023-00418-6
Hypereosinophilic vasculitis (HES) is an entity associated with hypereosinophilic syndromes characterized by vascular injury. This condition carries an increased risk of thrombosis in both veins and arteries, which can be life-threatening. According to a study in the UK, the incidence of HES ranged from under 0.040.17 per 100,000 person-years, and its prevalence ranged from 0.15 to 0.89 cases per 100,000 persons. […] Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a clinical condition characterized by excessive eosinophil production. The established diagnostic criteria include persistent eosinophilia (1500/L) for at least 6 months, eosinophil-mediated target-organ damage, and the absence of other causes for hypereosinophilia. The clinical manifestations of HES vary depending on the extent of target-organ damage. Vasculitis is recognized as a distinct entity associated with HES, leading to the development of arterial and venous thrombosis.
#6 Hypereosinophilic syndrome – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypereosinophilic_syndrome
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) estimated the prevalence of HES at the time of granting orphan drug designation for HES in 2004 at 1.5 in 100,000 people, corresponding to a current case load of about 8,000 in the EU, 5,000 in the U.S., and 2,000 in Japan. […] Hypereosinophilic syndrome is a disease characterized by a persistently elevated eosinophil count (1500 eosinophils/mm) in the blood for at least six months without any recognizable cause, with involvement of either the heart, nervous system, or bone marrow.
#7 Eosinophilic disorders: evaluation of current classification and diagnostic criteria, proposal of a practical diagnostic algorithm | Clinical and Translational Allergy | Full Text
https://ctajournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13601-019-0277-4
Epidemiology of eosinophilic disorders is not clear, mainly due to variable clinical picture and involvement of many specialists, but also due to still inconsistent definition and diagnosis criteria. […] The reported age-adjusted incidence rate of HES, including chronic eosinophilic leukemia, based on the International Classification of Disease (ICD) for Oncology (version 3), was about 0.036 per 100.000, as resulting from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database between 2001 and 2005. […] A study evaluating the spectrum of eosinophilia in a tropical setting reported the incidence of 0.5 to 1 case/100.000 hospital population for HE/HES, which is likely to be underestimated.
#8 Epidemiology of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA) and Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES) in Germany: A Claims Database Study – ACR Meeting Abstracts
https://acrabstracts.org/abstract/epidemiology-of-eosinophilic-granulomatosis-with-polyangiitis-egpa-and-hypereosinophilic-syndrome-hes-in-germany-a-claims-database-study/
Epidemiology of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA) and Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES) in Germany: A Claims Database Study […] Robust data on the epidemiology and treatment of HES and EGPA are scarce. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology and treatment of HES and EGPA in Germany by analyzing population-based health claims data. […] Projected to the total German population, prevalence of EGPA and HES in 2019 were 3.89 and 10.44, while incidence proportions were 0.75 patients and 3.95 per 100,000 population, respectively. Both prevalence and incidence increased during the observation period. […] To our knowledge, this is the largest study on the epidemiology of patients with EGPA and HES in Germany reported so far. Although both diseases are rare, prevalence increased continuously in the years 2015-2019. EGPA and HES were diagnosed more frequently than it was estimated by previous self-reporting registry-based studies. The findings indicate that in the past epidemiological data of EGPA and HES may have been underestimated but may also reflect improved diagnostic methods and disease recognition.
#9 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK599558/
Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare and complex group of disorders posing diagnostic challenges for clinicians. […] This course is designed to equip clinicians with a comprehensive understanding of the epidemiology, evaluation, and management of HES, offering valuable insights to enhance patient care. […] Delving into the prevalence rates and demographic patterns, learners will focus on the age group most commonly affected and the prevalence rate ranging from 0.36 to 6.3 per 100,000. […] The true incidence and prevalence of hypereosinophilic syndromes is unknown. A 2010 study utilizing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database showed an estimated age-adjusted incidence rate between 0.16 and 0.36 per 100,000 and prevalence (calculated as a product of incidence times duration of chronic disease) between 0.36 to 6.3 per 100,000. […] While HES occurs more commonly between the ages of 20 to 50, some pediatric cases are reported. […] Studies suggest that the frequencies of HES variants are similar between children and adults.
#10 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/202030-overview
Various sources indicate that true idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome is rare. Due to advances in diagnostic techniques, causes of eosinophilia can be identified in a proportion of cases that in the past would have been classified as idiopathic. The most common cause of eosinophilia in the United States is an allergic reaction or allergic disease. Worldwide, the most common cause of eosinophilia is parasitosis. […] No racial predilection is reported for hypereosinophilic syndrome. There is a male predominance in hypereosinophilic syndrome, with a male-to-female ratio of 9:1. Hypereosinophilic syndrome is most commonly diagnosed in patients aged 20-50 years, with a peak incidence in the fourth decade. Hypereosinophilic syndrome is rare in children. The incidence of hypereosinophilic syndrome seems to decrease in the elderly population.
#11 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome | 5-Minute Clinical Consult
https://www.unboundmedicine.com/5minute/view/5-Minute-Clinical-Consult/1688726/all/Hypereosinophilic_Syndrome?q=Chronic+Leukemia%2C+Myelogenous
A rare condition; prevalence 0.36 to 6.3/100,000 typically seen between 20 and 50 years […] Peak incidence in 4th decade of life […] Uncommon in children […] Incidence decreases in elderly. […] Predominant sex: male female (9:1)
#12 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/202030-overview
Various sources indicate that true idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome is rare. Due to advances in diagnostic techniques, causes of eosinophilia can be identified in a proportion of cases that in the past would have been classified as idiopathic. The most common cause of eosinophilia in the United States is an allergic reaction or allergic disease. Worldwide, the most common cause of eosinophilia is parasitosis. […] No racial predilection is reported for hypereosinophilic syndrome. There is a male predominance in hypereosinophilic syndrome, with a male-to-female ratio of 9:1. Hypereosinophilic syndrome is most commonly diagnosed in patients aged 20-50 years, with a peak incidence in the fourth decade. Hypereosinophilic syndrome is rare in children. The incidence of hypereosinophilic syndrome seems to decrease in the elderly population.
#13 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome | 5-Minute Clinical Consult
https://www.unboundmedicine.com/5minute/view/5-Minute-Clinical-Consult/1688726/all/Hypereosinophilic_Syndrome?q=Chronic+Leukemia%2C+Myelogenous
A rare condition; prevalence 0.36 to 6.3/100,000 typically seen between 20 and 50 years […] Peak incidence in 4th decade of life […] Uncommon in children […] Incidence decreases in elderly. […] Predominant sex: male female (9:1)
#14 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/202030-overview
Various sources indicate that true idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome is rare. Due to advances in diagnostic techniques, causes of eosinophilia can be identified in a proportion of cases that in the past would have been classified as idiopathic. The most common cause of eosinophilia in the United States is an allergic reaction or allergic disease. Worldwide, the most common cause of eosinophilia is parasitosis. […] No racial predilection is reported for hypereosinophilic syndrome. There is a male predominance in hypereosinophilic syndrome, with a male-to-female ratio of 9:1. Hypereosinophilic syndrome is most commonly diagnosed in patients aged 20-50 years, with a peak incidence in the fourth decade. Hypereosinophilic syndrome is rare in children. The incidence of hypereosinophilic syndrome seems to decrease in the elderly population.
#15 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome | 5-Minute Clinical Consult
https://www.unboundmedicine.com/5minute/view/5-Minute-Clinical-Consult/1688726/all/Hypereosinophilic_Syndrome?q=Chronic+Leukemia%2C+Myelogenous
A rare condition; prevalence 0.36 to 6.3/100,000 typically seen between 20 and 50 years […] Peak incidence in 4th decade of life […] Uncommon in children […] Incidence decreases in elderly. […] Predominant sex: male female (9:1)
#16 Pathology Outlines – Idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome
https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/myeloproliferativehypereosinophilicsyndrome.html
Typically occurs in adults age 20 – 50 years (Blood 1994;83:2759, Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2009;26:129, Br J Haematol 2010;151:440) […] Estimated prevalence is 0.36 – 6.3 per 100,000 (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010;126:179) […] Previously thought to have male predominance until cases with FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion were excluded.
#17 Hypereosinophilic syndrome – wikidoc
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Hypereosinophilic_syndrome
Hypereosinophilic syndrome is a very rare disease. The prevalence of hypereosinophilic syndrome is approximately 0.36 to 6.3 per 100,000 individuals worldwide. […] Patients of all age groups may develop hypereosinophilic syndrome. Hypereosinophilic syndrome is more commonly observed among adults. […] Males are more likely to be affected from hypereosinophilic syndrome than females, with male to female ratio of 5:1.
#18 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome: What It Is, Causes, Complications
https://www.verywellhealth.com/hypereosinophilic-syndrome-7564454
Studies have found that hypereosinophilic syndromes develop between 0.3 and 6.3 out of every 100,000 people. […] The only known risk factor for developing hypereosinophilic syndrome is being an adult male between the ages of 20 and 50. About 90% of HES cases are males in middle age. […] Hypereosinophilic syndrome is not leukemia. But some people who develop hypereosinophilic syndrome discover that they have a blood disordercommonly cancer of the white blood cells called leukemia. It may take several years after hypereosinophilic syndrome is first found for healthcare providers to uncover leukemia. […] There is no way to prevent hypereosinophilic syndromes. If you know youre at risk, work with a healthcare provider to monitor and treat symptoms before developing organ damage. […] HES prognosis depends on whats causing the disease. It cannot be cured, but medications can control most types. How the disease responds to these treatments plays a significant role in how the condition plays out. […] Today, more than 80% of HES patients survive five years or more.
#19 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome | Treatment & Management | Point of Care
https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/149474
The true incidence and prevalence of hypereosinophilic syndromes is unknown. A 2010 study utilizing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database showed an estimated age-adjusted incidence rate between 0.16 and 0.36 per 100,000 and prevalence (calculated as a product of incidence times duration of chronic disease) between 0.36 to 6.3 per 100,000. […] While HES occurs more commonly between the ages of 20 to 50, some pediatric cases are reported. Studies suggest that the frequencies of HES variants are similar between children and adults. Children with primary immunodeficiency more commonly present with secondary HES than adults. In addition, children were noted to have higher median peak absolute eosinophil count, more gastrointestinal complaints, and less pulmonary involvement.
#20 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome | Treatment & Management | Point of Care
https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/149474
The true incidence and prevalence of hypereosinophilic syndromes is unknown. A 2010 study utilizing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database showed an estimated age-adjusted incidence rate between 0.16 and 0.36 per 100,000 and prevalence (calculated as a product of incidence times duration of chronic disease) between 0.36 to 6.3 per 100,000. […] While HES occurs more commonly between the ages of 20 to 50, some pediatric cases are reported. Studies suggest that the frequencies of HES variants are similar between children and adults. Children with primary immunodeficiency more commonly present with secondary HES than adults. In addition, children were noted to have higher median peak absolute eosinophil count, more gastrointestinal complaints, and less pulmonary involvement.
#21 Epidemiology of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA) and Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES) in Germany: A Claims Database Study – ACR Meeting Abstracts
https://acrabstracts.org/abstract/epidemiology-of-eosinophilic-granulomatosis-with-polyangiitis-egpa-and-hypereosinophilic-syndrome-hes-in-germany-a-claims-database-study/
Epidemiology of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA) and Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES) in Germany: A Claims Database Study […] Robust data on the epidemiology and treatment of HES and EGPA are scarce. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology and treatment of HES and EGPA in Germany by analyzing population-based health claims data. […] Projected to the total German population, prevalence of EGPA and HES in 2019 were 3.89 and 10.44, while incidence proportions were 0.75 patients and 3.95 per 100,000 population, respectively. Both prevalence and incidence increased during the observation period. […] To our knowledge, this is the largest study on the epidemiology of patients with EGPA and HES in Germany reported so far. Although both diseases are rare, prevalence increased continuously in the years 2015-2019. EGPA and HES were diagnosed more frequently than it was estimated by previous self-reporting registry-based studies. The findings indicate that in the past epidemiological data of EGPA and HES may have been underestimated but may also reflect improved diagnostic methods and disease recognition.
#22 Epidemiology of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA) and Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES) in Germany: A Claims Database Study – ACR Meeting Abstracts
https://acrabstracts.org/abstract/epidemiology-of-eosinophilic-granulomatosis-with-polyangiitis-egpa-and-hypereosinophilic-syndrome-hes-in-germany-a-claims-database-study/
Epidemiology of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA) and Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES) in Germany: A Claims Database Study […] Robust data on the epidemiology and treatment of HES and EGPA are scarce. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology and treatment of HES and EGPA in Germany by analyzing population-based health claims data. […] Projected to the total German population, prevalence of EGPA and HES in 2019 were 3.89 and 10.44, while incidence proportions were 0.75 patients and 3.95 per 100,000 population, respectively. Both prevalence and incidence increased during the observation period. […] To our knowledge, this is the largest study on the epidemiology of patients with EGPA and HES in Germany reported so far. Although both diseases are rare, prevalence increased continuously in the years 2015-2019. EGPA and HES were diagnosed more frequently than it was estimated by previous self-reporting registry-based studies. The findings indicate that in the past epidemiological data of EGPA and HES may have been underestimated but may also reflect improved diagnostic methods and disease recognition.
#23 COVID-19 Pneumonia or Hypereosinophilic Syndrome? | Serin | Journal of Medical Cases
https://www.journalmc.org/index.php/JMC/article/view/3587/2919
Hypereosinophilic syndromes (HESs) are a group of disorders characterized by pathological proliferation of eosinophils. […] In the data of The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) between 2001 and 2005, the incidence of HES was determined as 0.036 per 100,000. […] Fatigue, cough, shortness of breath, myalgia, angioedema, rhinitis, rash and fever are the most common symptoms of hypereosinophilia. […] The most common clinical findings in the follow-up of patients with hypereosinophilia are due to dermatological involvement (69%). […] Eosinophilia-induced cardiomyopathy has been reported at 20%. […] Lung involvement can be seen in 40-60% of cases in HES. […] Physicians should definitely consider HES in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with heart failure, pulmonary involvement and eosinophilia.
#24 COVID-19 Pneumonia or Hypereosinophilic Syndrome? | Serin | Journal of Medical Cases
https://www.journalmc.org/index.php/JMC/article/view/3587/2919
Hypereosinophilic syndromes (HESs) are a group of disorders characterized by pathological proliferation of eosinophils. […] In the data of The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) between 2001 and 2005, the incidence of HES was determined as 0.036 per 100,000. […] Fatigue, cough, shortness of breath, myalgia, angioedema, rhinitis, rash and fever are the most common symptoms of hypereosinophilia. […] The most common clinical findings in the follow-up of patients with hypereosinophilia are due to dermatological involvement (69%). […] Eosinophilia-induced cardiomyopathy has been reported at 20%. […] Lung involvement can be seen in 40-60% of cases in HES. […] Physicians should definitely consider HES in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with heart failure, pulmonary involvement and eosinophilia.
#25 Hypereosinophilic syndrome – Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology
https://ijdvl.com/hypereosinophilic-syndrome/
The Hypereosinophilic syndrome is defined as an idiopathic continuum of disease having as a common denominator, „Hypereosinophilia”, of blood and bone marrow associated with infiltrative eosinophilia of various organs. […] This syndrome of unknown etiology occurs 90% in men and 10% in females. […] A recent review suggested that 27% of these reported cases of HES had skin lesions. […] According to them, skin lesions may be the only clinical evidence of disease in an otherwise asymptomatic patient. […] It is generally observed that HES is composed of several closely related disease entities. […] The etiology of HES is not known till today. […] The rarity of this syndrome in female patients with the presentation as exfoliative dermatitis, organomegaly and peripheral neuropathy warrant us to report this case.
#26 Hypereosinophilic syndrome – Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology
https://ijdvl.com/hypereosinophilic-syndrome/
The Hypereosinophilic syndrome is defined as an idiopathic continuum of disease having as a common denominator, „Hypereosinophilia”, of blood and bone marrow associated with infiltrative eosinophilia of various organs. […] This syndrome of unknown etiology occurs 90% in men and 10% in females. […] A recent review suggested that 27% of these reported cases of HES had skin lesions. […] According to them, skin lesions may be the only clinical evidence of disease in an otherwise asymptomatic patient. […] It is generally observed that HES is composed of several closely related disease entities. […] The etiology of HES is not known till today. […] The rarity of this syndrome in female patients with the presentation as exfoliative dermatitis, organomegaly and peripheral neuropathy warrant us to report this case.
#27 COVID-19 Pneumonia or Hypereosinophilic Syndrome? | Serin | Journal of Medical Cases
https://www.journalmc.org/index.php/JMC/article/view/3587/2919
Hypereosinophilic syndromes (HESs) are a group of disorders characterized by pathological proliferation of eosinophils. […] In the data of The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) between 2001 and 2005, the incidence of HES was determined as 0.036 per 100,000. […] Fatigue, cough, shortness of breath, myalgia, angioedema, rhinitis, rash and fever are the most common symptoms of hypereosinophilia. […] The most common clinical findings in the follow-up of patients with hypereosinophilia are due to dermatological involvement (69%). […] Eosinophilia-induced cardiomyopathy has been reported at 20%. […] Lung involvement can be seen in 40-60% of cases in HES. […] Physicians should definitely consider HES in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with heart failure, pulmonary involvement and eosinophilia.
#28 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome | Treatment & Management | Point of Care
https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/149474
The true incidence and prevalence of hypereosinophilic syndromes is unknown. A 2010 study utilizing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database showed an estimated age-adjusted incidence rate between 0.16 and 0.36 per 100,000 and prevalence (calculated as a product of incidence times duration of chronic disease) between 0.36 to 6.3 per 100,000. […] While HES occurs more commonly between the ages of 20 to 50, some pediatric cases are reported. Studies suggest that the frequencies of HES variants are similar between children and adults. Children with primary immunodeficiency more commonly present with secondary HES than adults. In addition, children were noted to have higher median peak absolute eosinophil count, more gastrointestinal complaints, and less pulmonary involvement.
#29
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00134-022-06967-9
Although eosinophil-induced manifestations can be life-threatening, studies focusing on the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of eosinophilia in the intensive care unit (ICU) are lacking. […] 620 patients (0.9% of all ICU hospitalizations) were included: 40% with early eosinophilia (within the first 24 h of ICU admission, ICU-Eo1 group) and 56% with delayed (24 h after ICU admission, ICU-Eo2 group) eosinophilia. […] Eosinophilia 1 109/L is not uncommon in the ICU. According to the timing of eosinophilia, two subsets of patients requiring different etiological workups and management can be distinguished.
#30 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome: What It Is, Causes, Complications
https://www.verywellhealth.com/hypereosinophilic-syndrome-7564454
Studies have found that hypereosinophilic syndromes develop between 0.3 and 6.3 out of every 100,000 people. […] The only known risk factor for developing hypereosinophilic syndrome is being an adult male between the ages of 20 and 50. About 90% of HES cases are males in middle age. […] Hypereosinophilic syndrome is not leukemia. But some people who develop hypereosinophilic syndrome discover that they have a blood disordercommonly cancer of the white blood cells called leukemia. It may take several years after hypereosinophilic syndrome is first found for healthcare providers to uncover leukemia. […] There is no way to prevent hypereosinophilic syndromes. If you know youre at risk, work with a healthcare provider to monitor and treat symptoms before developing organ damage. […] HES prognosis depends on whats causing the disease. It cannot be cured, but medications can control most types. How the disease responds to these treatments plays a significant role in how the condition plays out. […] Today, more than 80% of HES patients survive five years or more.
#31 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/202030-overview
Various sources indicate that true idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome is rare. Due to advances in diagnostic techniques, causes of eosinophilia can be identified in a proportion of cases that in the past would have been classified as idiopathic. The most common cause of eosinophilia in the United States is an allergic reaction or allergic disease. Worldwide, the most common cause of eosinophilia is parasitosis. […] No racial predilection is reported for hypereosinophilic syndrome. There is a male predominance in hypereosinophilic syndrome, with a male-to-female ratio of 9:1. Hypereosinophilic syndrome is most commonly diagnosed in patients aged 20-50 years, with a peak incidence in the fourth decade. Hypereosinophilic syndrome is rare in children. The incidence of hypereosinophilic syndrome seems to decrease in the elderly population.
#32 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES): Types, Symptoms, & More
https://www.health.com/hypereosinophilic-syndrome-8546797
Hypereosinophilic syndromes (HES) are a rare group of blood disorders associated with an abnormally high number of white blood cells called eosinophils. […] People of all ages can develop HES, but it is most common in people assigned male at birth between ages 30 and 50. […] Anyone can develop hypereosinophilic syndrome, but it is more common in people assigned male at birth between the ages of 30 and 50. […] Diagnosing hypereosinophilic syndrome can be a challenge because the symptoms are similar to those in other conditions, such as autoimmune disorders and allergic reactions. […] The causes of hypereosinophilic syndromes are diverse and complex, and there is no known way to prevent the condition. […] Regular appointments with your healthcare provider and close monitoring of your eosinophil levels can help detect HES early.
#33 An Almost Fatal Case of the Hypereosinophilic Syndrome: A Dilemma Between Vasculitis or Clonal Disorder | Journal of Clinical and Medical Case Reports | Science Repository | Open Access
https://www.sciencerepository.org/an-almost-fatal-case-of-the-hypereosinophilic-syndrome_JCMCR-2019-1-101.php
Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare and potentially life-threatening disorder. […] There is still much uncertainty in the diagnosis and management of HES, and research should be done to improve knowledge on pathophysiology and cytogenetics of this disease in order to improve treatment and prevent life-threatening complications. […] Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare and underdiagnosed entity that has been redefined in the last few years. […] HES is a complex syndrome that is divided between clonal, reactive and idiopathic etiologies. […] Eosinophilia may as well lead to a hypercoagulable state due to the eosinophilsâ storage and release of tissue factor initiating coagulation, and of cationic proteins activating platelets in thrombin generation and clot formation. […] Emergent treatment of HES is given with no respect to the cause of eosinophilia with high dose glucocorticoids in patients with extremely elevated eosinophil counts (above 100×109/L), signs/symptoms of leukostasis or life-threatening organ-involvement as was observed in our patient. […] Although no clonality was proved in our case, we still suspect there was some myeloproliferative components in this steroid-resistant HES. […] In conclusion, HES still presents difficulties in both diagnosis and management, while it may present with potentially life-threatening complications.
#34 Orphanet: Hypereosinophilic syndrome
https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/168956
Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) constitutes a rare and heterogeneous group of disorders, defined as persistent and marked blood eosinophilia and/or tissue eosinophilia associated with a wide range of clinical manifestations reflecting eosinophil-induced tissue/organ damage. […] Prevalence is unknown. It frequently occurs in middle-aged patients, but may concern any age group.
#35 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK599558/
Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a rare and complex group of disorders posing diagnostic challenges for clinicians. […] This course is designed to equip clinicians with a comprehensive understanding of the epidemiology, evaluation, and management of HES, offering valuable insights to enhance patient care. […] Delving into the prevalence rates and demographic patterns, learners will focus on the age group most commonly affected and the prevalence rate ranging from 0.36 to 6.3 per 100,000. […] The true incidence and prevalence of hypereosinophilic syndromes is unknown. A 2010 study utilizing the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database showed an estimated age-adjusted incidence rate between 0.16 and 0.36 per 100,000 and prevalence (calculated as a product of incidence times duration of chronic disease) between 0.36 to 6.3 per 100,000. […] While HES occurs more commonly between the ages of 20 to 50, some pediatric cases are reported. […] Studies suggest that the frequencies of HES variants are similar between children and adults.
#36 COVID-19 Pneumonia or Hypereosinophilic Syndrome? | Serin | Journal of Medical Cases
https://www.journalmc.org/index.php/JMC/article/view/3587/2919
Hypereosinophilic syndromes (HESs) are a group of disorders characterized by pathological proliferation of eosinophils. […] In the data of The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) between 2001 and 2005, the incidence of HES was determined as 0.036 per 100,000. […] Fatigue, cough, shortness of breath, myalgia, angioedema, rhinitis, rash and fever are the most common symptoms of hypereosinophilia. […] The most common clinical findings in the follow-up of patients with hypereosinophilia are due to dermatological involvement (69%). […] Eosinophilia-induced cardiomyopathy has been reported at 20%. […] Lung involvement can be seen in 40-60% of cases in HES. […] Physicians should definitely consider HES in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with heart failure, pulmonary involvement and eosinophilia.
#37 Epidemiology of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA) and Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES) in Germany: A Claims Database Study – ACR Meeting Abstracts
https://acrabstracts.org/abstract/epidemiology-of-eosinophilic-granulomatosis-with-polyangiitis-egpa-and-hypereosinophilic-syndrome-hes-in-germany-a-claims-database-study/
Epidemiology of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA) and Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES) in Germany: A Claims Database Study […] Robust data on the epidemiology and treatment of HES and EGPA are scarce. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology and treatment of HES and EGPA in Germany by analyzing population-based health claims data. […] Projected to the total German population, prevalence of EGPA and HES in 2019 were 3.89 and 10.44, while incidence proportions were 0.75 patients and 3.95 per 100,000 population, respectively. Both prevalence and incidence increased during the observation period. […] To our knowledge, this is the largest study on the epidemiology of patients with EGPA and HES in Germany reported so far. Although both diseases are rare, prevalence increased continuously in the years 2015-2019. EGPA and HES were diagnosed more frequently than it was estimated by previous self-reporting registry-based studies. The findings indicate that in the past epidemiological data of EGPA and HES may have been underestimated but may also reflect improved diagnostic methods and disease recognition.
#38 Hypereosinophilic syndrome – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypereosinophilic_syndrome
The European Medicines Agency (EMA) estimated the prevalence of HES at the time of granting orphan drug designation for HES in 2004 at 1.5 in 100,000 people, corresponding to a current case load of about 8,000 in the EU, 5,000 in the U.S., and 2,000 in Japan. […] Hypereosinophilic syndrome is a disease characterized by a persistently elevated eosinophil count (1500 eosinophils/mm) in the blood for at least six months without any recognizable cause, with involvement of either the heart, nervous system, or bone marrow.
#39 Prevalence of hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) in the paediatric population in EU (Hypereosinophilic syndrome in children) | HMA-EMA Catalogues of real-world data sources and studies
https://catalogues.ema.europa.eu/node/2931/methodological-aspects
Study type
#40 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome Market Size & Forecast 2035
https://www.imarcgroup.com/hypereosinophilic-syndrome-market
The hypereosinophilic syndrome market has been comprehensively analyzed in IMARC’s new report titled „Hypereosinophilic Syndrome Market: Epidemiology, Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity, and Forecast 2025-2035”. […] IMARC Group’s new report provides an exhaustive analysis of the hypereosinophilic syndrome market in the United States, EU4 (Germany, Spain, Italy, and France), United Kingdom, and Japan. […] According to the report the United States has the largest patient pool for hypereosinophilic syndrome and also represents the largest market for its treatment. […] What is the number of prevalent cases (2019-2035) of hypereosinophilic syndrome across the seven major markets? […] What is the size of the hypereosinophilic syndrome patient pool (2019-2024) across the seven major markets? […] What would be the forecasted patient pool (2025-2035) across the seven major markets? […] What are the key factors driving the epidemiological trend of hypereosinophilic syndrome? […] What will be the growth rate of patients across the seven major markets?
#41 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome – Epidemiology Forecast to 2032
https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/5525974/hypereosinophilic-syndrome-epidemiology?srsltid=AfmBOooUsTcummwHm0My9wsloGxbHNxkSWp4WC-O7OzbCajrjniGejuy
This „Hypereosinophilic Syndrome – Epidemiology Forecast to 2032” report delivers an in-depth understanding of the disease, historical and forecasted Hypereosinophilic Syndrome epidemiology in the 7MM, i.e., the United States, EU5 (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, and the United Kingdom), and Japan. […] The Hypereosinophilic Syndrome epidemiology report gives a thorough understanding of the Hypereosinophilic Syndrome by including details such as disease definition, symptoms, causes, pathophysiology, and diagnosis. […] The Hypereosinophilic Syndrome epidemiology division provides insights about historical and current patient pool and forecasted trend for every seven major countries. […] The Hypereosinophilic Syndrome epidemiology segment covers the epidemiology data in the US, EU5 countries (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, and the UK), and Japan from 2019 to 2032.
#42 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome – Epidemiology Forecast to 2032
https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/5525974/hypereosinophilic-syndrome-epidemiology?srsltid=AfmBOooUsTcummwHm0My9wsloGxbHNxkSWp4WC-O7OzbCajrjniGejuy
The Hypereosinophilic Syndrome epidemiology covered in the report provides historical as well as forecasted Hypereosinophilic Syndrome epidemiology scenario in the 7MM covering the United States, EU5 countries (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, and the United Kingdom), and Japan from 2019 to 2032. […] The report provides insight into the historical and forecasted patient pool of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome in seven major markets covering the United States, EU5 (Germany, Spain, France, Italy, UK), and Japan. […] The report assesses the disease risk and burden and highlights the unmet needs of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome. […] 11-year Forecast of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome epidemiology. […] What are the key findings pertaining to the Hypereosinophilic Syndrome epidemiology across 7MM and which country will have the highest number of patients during the forecast period (2019-2032)?
#43 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome – Epidemiology Forecast to 2032
https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/5525974/hypereosinophilic-syndrome-epidemiology?srsltid=AfmBOooUsTcummwHm0My9wsloGxbHNxkSWp4WC-O7OzbCajrjniGejuy
The Hypereosinophilic Syndrome epidemiology covered in the report provides historical as well as forecasted Hypereosinophilic Syndrome epidemiology scenario in the 7MM covering the United States, EU5 countries (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, and the United Kingdom), and Japan from 2019 to 2032. […] The report provides insight into the historical and forecasted patient pool of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome in seven major markets covering the United States, EU5 (Germany, Spain, France, Italy, UK), and Japan. […] The report assesses the disease risk and burden and highlights the unmet needs of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome. […] 11-year Forecast of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome epidemiology. […] What are the key findings pertaining to the Hypereosinophilic Syndrome epidemiology across 7MM and which country will have the highest number of patients during the forecast period (2019-2032)?
#44 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome – Epidemiology Forecast to 2032
https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/5525974/hypereosinophilic-syndrome-epidemiology?srsltid=AfmBOooUsTcummwHm0My9wsloGxbHNxkSWp4WC-O7OzbCajrjniGejuy
The Hypereosinophilic Syndrome epidemiology covered in the report provides historical as well as forecasted Hypereosinophilic Syndrome epidemiology scenario in the 7MM covering the United States, EU5 countries (Germany, Spain, Italy, France, and the United Kingdom), and Japan from 2019 to 2032. […] The report provides insight into the historical and forecasted patient pool of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome in seven major markets covering the United States, EU5 (Germany, Spain, France, Italy, UK), and Japan. […] The report assesses the disease risk and burden and highlights the unmet needs of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome. […] 11-year Forecast of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome epidemiology. […] What are the key findings pertaining to the Hypereosinophilic Syndrome epidemiology across 7MM and which country will have the highest number of patients during the forecast period (2019-2032)?
#45 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome – Epidemiology Forecast to 2032
https://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/5525974/hypereosinophilic-syndrome-epidemiology?srsltid=AfmBOooUsTcummwHm0My9wsloGxbHNxkSWp4WC-O7OzbCajrjniGejuy
What would be the total number of patients of Hypereosinophilic Syndrome across the 7MM during the forecast period (2019-2032)? […] The Hypereosinophilic Syndrome Epidemiology report will allow the user to develop business strategies by understanding the trends shaping and driving the global Hypereosinophilic Syndrome market.
#46 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES): Types, Symptoms, & More
https://www.health.com/hypereosinophilic-syndrome-8546797
Hypereosinophilic syndromes (HES) are a rare group of blood disorders associated with an abnormally high number of white blood cells called eosinophils. […] People of all ages can develop HES, but it is most common in people assigned male at birth between ages 30 and 50. […] Anyone can develop hypereosinophilic syndrome, but it is more common in people assigned male at birth between the ages of 30 and 50. […] Diagnosing hypereosinophilic syndrome can be a challenge because the symptoms are similar to those in other conditions, such as autoimmune disorders and allergic reactions. […] The causes of hypereosinophilic syndromes are diverse and complex, and there is no known way to prevent the condition. […] Regular appointments with your healthcare provider and close monitoring of your eosinophil levels can help detect HES early.
#47 Eosinophilic disorders: evaluation of current classification and diagnostic criteria, proposal of a practical diagnostic algorithm | Clinical and Translational Allergy | Full Text
https://ctajournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13601-019-0277-4
Epidemiology of eosinophilic disorders is not clear, mainly due to variable clinical picture and involvement of many specialists, but also due to still inconsistent definition and diagnosis criteria. […] The reported age-adjusted incidence rate of HES, including chronic eosinophilic leukemia, based on the International Classification of Disease (ICD) for Oncology (version 3), was about 0.036 per 100.000, as resulting from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database between 2001 and 2005. […] A study evaluating the spectrum of eosinophilia in a tropical setting reported the incidence of 0.5 to 1 case/100.000 hospital population for HE/HES, which is likely to be underestimated.
#48 Hypereosinophilic syndrome â Two cases with varied manifestations – Journal of Skin and Sexually Transmitted Diseases
https://jsstd.org/hypereosinophilic-syndrome-two-cases-with-varied-manifestations/
Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is a myeloproliferative disorder (MPD) characterized by persistent eosinophilia and damage to multiple organs. First described by Hardy and Anderson, in 1968, HES is characterized by sustained overproduction of eosinophils. Before making a diagnosis of HES, other causes of secondary eosinophilia need to be ruled out through appropriate investigations. […] As per the revised diagnosed criteria for HES, peripheral blood eosinophilia 1500 mm3 on at least two occasions or evidence of prominent tissue eosinophilia favors a diagnosis of the same. Other causes of eosinophilia such as parasitic infestations, viral infections, allergic diseases, hypoadrenalism, neoplasms, drugs, or chemicals should be ruled out. […] HES should be a differential diagnosis in all cases of persistent eosinophilia. A full workup is mandatory before making a diagnosis of HES. Failure to detect the condition early may lead to irreversible cardiac damage. In view of its potential to involve other systems, a multidisciplinary approach is essential in managing HES. Gene analysis for FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion protein should be done in therapy resistant and suspicious cases to rule out chronic eosinophilic leukemia. Patients should be kept under regular follow-up for early detection of other MPD or lymphoma.
#49 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome and T-Cell Lymphoma: Which Comes First? | Actas Dermo-SifiliogrÃ¡ficas
https://actasdermo.org/es-hypereosinophilic-syndrome-t-cell-lymphoma-articulo-S0001731023005902
Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is defined by a concentration of eosinophils in peripheral blood greater than 1500cells/L, accompanied by organ damage or dysfunction not attributable to other causes. […] Close follow-up of these patients is essential, as 10-20% may progress to cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) with a poor prognosis. […] Eosinophilia has an important prognostic role in CTCL, with median survival 3 years lower in patients with eosinophil levels above 700/L. Some authors have considered eosinophilia on diagnosis as the only prognostic variable associated with disease progression and disease-related death. […] In summary, we can conclude that it is extremely difficult to know whether we are facing natural disease progression or an undiagnosed lymphoma, highlighting the need for more reliable markers to address this question. What we can say, based on the literature, is that eosinophilia is a warning sign for patients with CTCL, and long-term follow-up patients with L-HES are vital.
#50 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome and T-Cell Lymphoma: Which Comes First? | Actas Dermo-SifiliogrÃ¡ficas
https://actasdermo.org/es-hypereosinophilic-syndrome-t-cell-lymphoma-articulo-S0001731023005902
Hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is defined by a concentration of eosinophils in peripheral blood greater than 1500cells/L, accompanied by organ damage or dysfunction not attributable to other causes. […] Close follow-up of these patients is essential, as 10-20% may progress to cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) with a poor prognosis. […] Eosinophilia has an important prognostic role in CTCL, with median survival 3 years lower in patients with eosinophil levels above 700/L. Some authors have considered eosinophilia on diagnosis as the only prognostic variable associated with disease progression and disease-related death. […] In summary, we can conclude that it is extremely difficult to know whether we are facing natural disease progression or an undiagnosed lymphoma, highlighting the need for more reliable markers to address this question. What we can say, based on the literature, is that eosinophilia is a warning sign for patients with CTCL, and long-term follow-up patients with L-HES are vital.
#51 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome: What It Is, Causes, Complications
https://www.verywellhealth.com/hypereosinophilic-syndrome-7564454
Studies have found that hypereosinophilic syndromes develop between 0.3 and 6.3 out of every 100,000 people. […] The only known risk factor for developing hypereosinophilic syndrome is being an adult male between the ages of 20 and 50. About 90% of HES cases are males in middle age. […] Hypereosinophilic syndrome is not leukemia. But some people who develop hypereosinophilic syndrome discover that they have a blood disordercommonly cancer of the white blood cells called leukemia. It may take several years after hypereosinophilic syndrome is first found for healthcare providers to uncover leukemia. […] There is no way to prevent hypereosinophilic syndromes. If you know youre at risk, work with a healthcare provider to monitor and treat symptoms before developing organ damage. […] HES prognosis depends on whats causing the disease. It cannot be cured, but medications can control most types. How the disease responds to these treatments plays a significant role in how the condition plays out. […] Today, more than 80% of HES patients survive five years or more.
#52 Hypereosinophilic Syndrome (HES): Types, Symptoms, & More
https://www.health.com/hypereosinophilic-syndrome-8546797
Hypereosinophilic syndromes (HES) are a rare group of blood disorders associated with an abnormally high number of white blood cells called eosinophils. […] People of all ages can develop HES, but it is most common in people assigned male at birth between ages 30 and 50. […] Anyone can develop hypereosinophilic syndrome, but it is more common in people assigned male at birth between the ages of 30 and 50. […] Diagnosing hypereosinophilic syndrome can be a challenge because the symptoms are similar to those in other conditions, such as autoimmune disorders and allergic reactions. […] The causes of hypereosinophilic syndromes are diverse and complex, and there is no known way to prevent the condition. […] Regular appointments with your healthcare provider and close monitoring of your eosinophil levels can help detect HES early.
#53 COUGH, WEIGHT LOSS, AND MILIARY NODULES: HYPEREOSINOPHILIC SYNDROME AFTER COVID-19 – SHM Abstracts | Society of Hospital Medicine
https://shmabstracts.mystagingwebsite.com/abstract/cough-weight-loss-and-miliary-nodules-hypereosinophilic-syndrome-after-covid-19/
Hyperoesinophilic syndrome (HES) is defined as peripheral blood eosinophilia of 1.5K eosinophils/mcL and eosinophil-mediated tissue damage, usually confirmed by documenting tissue hypereosinophilia. […] The relationship between COVID-19 and eosinophilic disorders is complex, with flares of idiopathic HES and new-onset M-HES reported shortly after infection. […] Larger studies are needed to clarify the relationship between COVID infection and eosinophilic disorders.
#54 COUGH, WEIGHT LOSS, AND MILIARY NODULES: HYPEREOSINOPHILIC SYNDROME AFTER COVID-19 – SHM Abstracts | Society of Hospital Medicine
https://shmabstracts.mystagingwebsite.com/abstract/cough-weight-loss-and-miliary-nodules-hypereosinophilic-syndrome-after-covid-19/
Hyperoesinophilic syndrome (HES) is defined as peripheral blood eosinophilia of 1.5K eosinophils/mcL and eosinophil-mediated tissue damage, usually confirmed by documenting tissue hypereosinophilia. […] The relationship between COVID-19 and eosinophilic disorders is complex, with flares of idiopathic HES and new-onset M-HES reported shortly after infection. […] Larger studies are needed to clarify the relationship between COVID infection and eosinophilic disorders.