Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Alpha-gal Syndrome (AGS) > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/alpha-gal-syndrome-ags

  Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) is an allergic condition in which people are allergic to alpha-gal, a sugar found in the tissues of all mammals except humans and other primates. […] Treatment involves medications for allergic reactions, avoiding consumption of mammalian meat and foods and medications that contain alpha-gal, avoiding additional tick bites. […] While there is no treatment or cure for AGS, treatments are available for the allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, that people with the condition can experience. People with AGS can also prevent allergic reactions by avoiding exposure to foods and products that contain alpha-gal. […] People with AGS need to avoid eating meat from mammals to prevent allergic reactions from occurring. […] Individuals diagnosed with AGS should completely avoid the consumption of mammalian meat, including beef, pork, lamb, venison, goat, and rabbit.

• #2 Department of Health | Communicable Disease Service | Alpha-gal Syndrome

  https://www.nj.gov/health/cd/topics/alphagal.shtml

  Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) (also called alpha-gal allergy, red meat allergy, or tick bite meat allergy) is a serious, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction to alpha-gal, which is a sugar molecule found in many mammals, but not in people. […] AGS should be treated and managed under the care of an allergist or other healthcare provider. […] NJDOH started statewide surveillance for AGS effective January 1, 2022 to better understand the local epidemiology, recognize areas in New Jersey where AGS incidence has increased or decreased, focus preventive education on tick bite prevention to reduce overall tickborne disease risk, and to increase healthcare provider awareness of AGS.

• #3 Alpha-gal syndrome: How a tick bite can make you allergic to meat | Prevention | UT Southwestern Medical Center

  https://utswmed.org/medblog/meat-allergy-alpha-gal-tick-bite/

  Alpha-gal syndrome is different from most food allergies because it sensitizes a person to a sugar, not a protein. […] Many people with alpha-gal syndrome go undiagnosed for years because nearly half of health care providers have little or no knowledge of the condition, which has only come into focus in the last decade or so. […] Diagnosis begins with discussing your personal health history, symptoms, and timing of symptoms after eating mammal food products. […] If you find yourself experiencing frequent uncomfortable symptoms, such as diarrhea or stomach upset, see your health care provider. […] As with any food allergy, the treatment for alpha-gal syndrome involves avoiding the foods that cause a reaction. […] Your doctor may prescribe an EpiPen or other medication to carry in case accidental exposure to mammalian meat causes a severe reaction in the hours after you eat it.

• #4 Alpha-gal syndrome: Meat allergy linked to tick bites rising, CDC says

  https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-66333478

  The rate of Americans developing a rare meat allergy from tick bites is rising, researchers say, and may have already impacted as many as 450,000 people. […] The allergy triggers a possibly life-threatening reaction to several types of meat or animal products. […] Symptoms from the little-understood syndrome include stomach cramps, diarrhoea, hives and shortness of breath that could trigger fatal anaphylaxis. […] Alpha-gel syndrome reactions can be different from person-to-person, ranging from mild to severe or even life-threatening, the CDC says. Anaphylaxis, a potentially life-threatening reaction involving multiple organ systems, may need urgent medical care. […] Due to difficulties with diagnosis, the CDC says that up to 450,000 Americans in total may have developed meat allergies due to alpha-gal.

• #5 Research ties bites from 2 more types of ticks to red meat allergy | CIDRAP

  https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/tick-borne-disease/research-ties-bites-2-more-types-ticks-red-meat-allergy

  Two Emerging Infectious Diseases studies link bites from black-legged (deer) and western black-legged ticks to potentially life-threatening alpha-gal syndrome (AGS), or red meat allergy. […] Blood tests revealed a serum alpha-gal specific IgE level above the upper limit of detection, and the woman’s clinician recommended avoiding beef, lamb, and pork. […] The woman visited an allergist, who detected elevated alpha-gal IgE levels, diagnosed AGS, told her to avoid eating mammalian meat, and cautioned her about consuming milk and gelatin. […] Public health practitioners across the United States should continue efforts focused on tick bite prevention, healthcare provider education, and improved tick and tickborne disease surveillance.

• #6 Health: Infectious Disease Epidemiology & Prevention Division: Alpha-gal Syndrome

  https://www.in.gov/health/idepd/zoonotic-and-vectorborne-epidemiology-entomology/vector-borne-diseases/alpha-gal-syndrome/

  Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) is a serious, potentially life-threatening allergic condition that can occur after a tick bite. AGS is not caused by an infection. AGS symptoms occur after people eat red meat or are exposed to other products containing alpha-gal. AGS is a serious, potentially life-threatening allergic condition that can cause allergic symptoms like hives, itching, and even anaphylaxis (a reaction that leads to sudden weakness, swelling of the throat, lips and tongue, difficulty breathing and/or unconsciousness). […] AGS should be managed under the care of an allergist or other healthcare provider. Most healthcare providers recommend patients diagnosed with AGS stop eating meat from mammals. Not all patients with AGS have reactions to every ingredient containing alpha-gal. Patients should work with their healthcare provider to understand which products containing alpha-gal they will need to avoid. […] Talk to your healthcare provider before taking a new medication or receiving a vaccine. Although very rare, some people with severe AGS may react to ingredients in certain vaccines or medications.

• #7 What to know about alpha-gal syndrome | I.M. Matters from ACP

  https://immattersacp.org/archives/2024/01/what-to-know-about-alpha-gal-syndrome.htm

  Alpha-gal syndrome causes hypersensitivity to a sugar that can be found in pork, beef, rabbit, venison, and dairy products, as well as some pharmaceutical products derived from mammals, according to the CDC. […] Patients develop the allergy after being bitten by a tick that has the sugar in their saliva and weeks to months later will exhibit allergic symptoms after consuming red meat or other products with alpha-gal. […] We want to raise awareness about this tick bite-associated allergy or allergic condition to improve patient care and to improve our understanding of alpha-gal syndrome. […] Alpha-gal syndrome can be challenging to diagnose. […] A key component of alpha-gal syndrome is that the allergic reaction is delayed. […] We do know that there is typically a prolonged time from onset of symptoms to diagnosis.

• #8 CDC alerts clinicians to signs of alpha-gal syndrome | MDedge

  https://mdedge.com/gihepnews/article/264751/ibd-intestinal-disorders/cdc-alerts-clinicians-signs-alpha-gal-syndrome

  The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has issued a report alerting clinicians to emerging cases of alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) linked with tick bites. […] AGS causes patients to become allergic to meat, and in some cases the reaction can be life-threatening. Symptoms typically start 2-6 hours after eating the meat. […] If alpha-gal is suspected, serum tests for immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies should be performed. […] “It is important for gastroenterologists to be aware of this condition and to be capable of diagnosing and treating it in a timely manner,” wrote authors of the clinical practice update in Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. […] “Improved health care provider education might facilitate a rapid diagnosis of AGS, improve patient care, and support public health understanding of this emerging condition,” write the report authors, led by Ann Carpenter, DVM, with the CDC.

• #9 Health: Infectious Disease Epidemiology & Prevention Division: Alpha-gal Syndrome

  https://www.in.gov/health/idepd/zoonotic-and-vectorborne-epidemiology-entomology/vector-borne-diseases/alpha-gal-syndrome/

  Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) is a serious, potentially life-threatening allergic condition that can occur after a tick bite. AGS is not caused by an infection. AGS symptoms occur after people eat red meat or are exposed to other products containing alpha-gal. AGS is a serious, potentially life-threatening allergic condition that can cause allergic symptoms like hives, itching, and even anaphylaxis (a reaction that leads to sudden weakness, swelling of the throat, lips and tongue, difficulty breathing and/or unconsciousness). […] AGS should be managed under the care of an allergist or other healthcare provider. Most healthcare providers recommend patients diagnosed with AGS stop eating meat from mammals. Not all patients with AGS have reactions to every ingredient containing alpha-gal. Patients should work with their healthcare provider to understand which products containing alpha-gal they will need to avoid. […] Talk to your healthcare provider before taking a new medication or receiving a vaccine. Although very rare, some people with severe AGS may react to ingredients in certain vaccines or medications.

• #10 The Alpha-Gal Syndrome: Unique Tick-Borne Illness on the Rise – Clinical Advisor

  https://www.clinicaladvisor.com/features/alpha-gal-syndrome-tick-borne-illness/

  Alpha-gal syndrome is a rare tick-borne illness that causes a food allergy to red meat in people who are exposed. […] Each year approximately 13,000 to 18,000 people in the United States are diagnosed with AGS; this is likely a low estimate due to widespread lack of recognition and diagnostic testing for AGS. […] Currently AGS is the most prominent cause of new-onset food allergy in adults in the Southeastern US. […] A large majority of persons with AGS present with a delayed hypersensitivity reaction after consuming red meat. Symptoms vary and commonly include pruritic urticarial rash, angioedema, arthralgias, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea; and can range from mild (eg, a rash or gastrointestinal upset) to severe (anaphylaxis). […] Medical history is key in the diagnosis of AGS and usually includes a meat-associated delayed allergic reaction and tick bite exposure.

• #11 Unexplained GI Symptoms? Consider Alpha-Gal Syndrome

  https://www.gastroendonews.com/PRN/Article/09-23/Unexplained-GI-Symptoms-Consider-Alpha-Gal-Syndrome/71357

  As confirmed diagnoses of alpha-gal syndrome are rising, experts urge GI clinicians to familiarize themselves with this condition, its often-challenging presentation, and the necessary steps for its diagnosis and management. […] Physicians in certain regions of the United States should consider alpha-gal allergy in patients with unexplained abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, according to a recently released clinical practice update from the American Gastroenterological Association. […] Management of this allergy is a diet that excludes mammalian meat as well as other mammalian food products. […] Patients are showing up to GI clinics because the allergic reaction can manifest with GI symptoms alone, without rash or facial swelling or other typical allergic reactions. […] The GI phenotype of the allergy has been documented not only by GI doctors like myself, but also by allergists when theyve challenged alpha-gal allergic patients with meat in a monitored setting.

• #12 Unexplained GI Symptoms? Consider Alpha-Gal Syndrome

  https://www.gastroendonews.com/PRN/Article/09-23/Unexplained-GI-Symptoms-Consider-Alpha-Gal-Syndrome/71357

  I would suggest to anyone whos having urticaria of undetermined etiology, especially if theyve had any GI symptoms, [to] think about getting alpha-gal antibody levels tested and see if thats the case. […] Dr. Wang noted two important take-home messages from the update. First, alpha-gal can manifest with GI symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, without anaphylaxis or skin changes. […] Dr. Wang also noted the importance of referring alpha-gal patients to an allergist when the patient reports skin or systemic changes such as swelling of the face or throat, voice changes, difficulty breathing, hives, or fainting, since these patients are at risk for anaphylaxis. […] Jana G. Al Hashash, MD, MS, an associate professor of medicine and a gastroenterologist at Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Fla., and a co-author of the update, agreed that confirmed diagnoses of alpha-gal are increasing as recognition of the condition grows in the medical community. […] Our hope is that this [clinical practice update] increases awareness about alpha-gal among gastroenterologists.

• #13 Children’s mystery symptoms may be alpha-gal syndrome – VUMC News

  https://news.vumc.org/2023/04/13/childrens-mystery-symptoms-may-be-alpha-gal-syndrome/

  A Vanderbilt study found that some children with mystery digestive symptoms may actually have undiagnosed alpha-gal syndrome, commonly known as the red meat allergy linked to tick bites. […] The study found that some children with mystery digestive symptoms may actually have undiagnosed alpha-gal syndrome, commonly known as the red meat allergy linked to tick bites. […] At Vanderbilt 30% of patients who have AGS will have a severe reaction anaphylaxis symptoms such as swelling, hives, shortness of breath, increased blood pressure, increased heart rate and feeling like they are going to pass out, in addition to nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain. […] Living in an endemic area for alpha-gal syndrome, we had an index of suspicion in those that reported tick bites or other symptoms consistent with a food allergy, said Maribeth Nicholson, MD, MPH, associate professor of Pediatrics in the Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, and the senior author of the VUMC study.

• #14 How can primary care improve the diagnosis of alpha-Gal syndrome? | Thermo Fisher Scientific

  https://www.thermofisher.com/phadia/wo/en/resources/clinical-education/how-can-primary-care-improve-the-diagnosis-of-alpha-gal-syndrome.html

  Alpha-Gal syndrome, a red meat allergy, is triggered by IgE antibodies targeting galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose known as alpha-Gal found in the meats of non-primate mammals. […] Recognizing a potential connection to tick bites can significantly aid the diagnostic process. […] Often misdiagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome, there is a significant amount of underdiagnosis, with about 80% of patients experiencing delays of over seven years in receiving an accurate diagnosis. […] Fortunately, efforts in heightened awareness and enhanced diagnostic methods are fostering a positive shift. This progress holds promise for shorter diagnosis times, providing an improvement in recognizing and managing alpha-Gal allergies. […] Specific IgE tests results should be interpreted along with patient history, symptoms and physical examination to aid in diagnosis and management plan development. […] The employment of specific IgE blood tests, such as the ImmunoCAPTM Specific IgE test, enhances this analysis by offering a more precise and reliable diagnosis. This approach enables healthcare professionals to develop tailored and effective care strategies for each patient.

• #15 Health Care Provider Knowledge Regarding Alpha-gal Syndrome — United States, March–May 2022 | MMWR

  https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7230a1.htm

  Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) is an emerging, tick biteassociated allergic condition characterized by a hypersensitivity to an oligosaccharide found in most mammalian meat and products derived from it. Symptoms can be life-threatening and can include anaphylaxis. Cases are increasing, although patients report limited health care provider (HCP) awareness of AGS. […] HCP respondents (N = 1,500) to a nationwide survey had limited AGS knowledge: 42% were not aware of AGS, and another 35% were not confident in their ability to diagnose or manage AGS patients. […] Limited HCP knowledge about AGS is concerning, especially because the number of suspected cases is increasing, and the range of the tick primarily associated with this condition is expected to expand. Improved HCP education might facilitate a rapid diagnosis of AGS, improve patient care, and support public health understanding of this emerging condition.

• #16 What you need to know about Alpha-gal syndrome

  https://www.riversideonline.com/en/patients-and-visitors/healthy-you-blog/blog/a/alpha-gal-syndromes

  Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) is a red meat allergy caused by a tick bite. The bite transfers the alpha-gal sugar molecule, which triggers an immune response. This response can cause allergic reactions to red meat, organ meats, dairy and gelatin. For severe allergic reactions, immediate medical attention is essential and can be lifesaving. […] If you have symptoms or think you may be infected, you should see a health care provider for an evaluation. […] Your health care provider will also do a blood test to confirm alpha-gal antibodies in your bloodstream. You may also undergo a skin prick test to identify allergic reactions to red meat and animal products from mammals, including dairy, gelatin and organ meats from cows, pigs, lamb and bison. […] There is no cure for alpha-gal syndrome. But symptoms can become less severe over time. Many people can manage symptoms of AGS by avoiding red meats like beef, pork, lamb and other animal-based foods that cause symptoms, such as gelatin and dairy products.

• #17 Diagnosis and management of alpha-gal syndrome – American Gastroenterological AssociationAGA Logo_Horizontal

  https://gastro.org/clinical-guidance/diagnosis-and-management-of-alpha-gal-syndrome/

  New guidance helps you identify if unexplained digestive symptoms are due to alpha-gal syndrome, a food allergy caused by lone star tick bites. […] Gastroenterologists should be aware of the diagnosis and management of alpha-gal syndrome because a subset of alpha-gal allergic patients show GI symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting without skin changes or anaphylaxis. The diagnosis of alpha-gal syndrome can be made among patients with GI distress and increased serum alpha-gal IgE antibodies whose symptoms are relieved adequately on an alpha-gal–avoidance diet that eliminates pork, beef and mammalian-derived products. Patients with suspected alpha-gal allergy should be counseled on an alpha-gal–avoidance diet because that is the primary management. Counseling also should include measures to avoid tick bites because further bites can drive alpha-gal IgE titers higher and worsen the allergy. Patients who also have reactions such as facial swelling, urticaria and respiratory difficulty should be referred to allergists. GI alpha-gal syndrome recently was described and prospective studies are needed to better understand this condition.

• #18 ALPHA-GAL SYNDROME, AGS | Any Port in a Storm

  https://anyportinastorm.proboards.com/thread/9446/alpha-gal-syndrome-ags

  In February 2023, on a cold day in North Florida, I was bitten by a tiny Lone Star tick. Unbeknownst to me at the time, the saliva from the tick created an allergic response in my system that developed into an allergy to all mammals with the exception of humans and higher primates. […] This allergy seems very new, though its probably been around for quite a long time. […] For patients with suspected alpha-gal, a blood test (serum testing) looks for immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE) to alpha-gal. A positive blood test is anything 0.1 IU/mL for IgE to alpha-gal. […] Alpha-gal Syndrome can affect people in many different ways. Its often called an „anytime allergy” rather than an every time. […] At this point in time, there is no real cure for AGS. Avoidance seems to be the best, and only, way to deal with it, along with the use of regular antihistamines, as well as emergency medications during a flare up. Carrying an EpiPen is essential because theres just no way to predict when an emergency situation might develop.

• #19 University of Illinois Chicago

  https://dig.pharmacy.uic.edu/faqs/2023-2/december-2023-faqs/what-are-institutional-perioperative-practices-for-patients-with-alpha-gal-allergy/

  According to some authors, alpha-gal IgE levels above 2 IU/mL increase the risk of severe allergic reactions. […] At a systems level, recommendations to identify and ensure safety for patient with AGS include: Increasing awareness and education of all health care providers, Documentation of the allergy in the electronic chart and updating the electronic chart database to provide appropriate alerts, Creation and maintenance of a formulary list of medications that contain alpha-gal, Development of kits containing commonly used medications in the operative setting, for emergencies, and for codes that is periodically verified and appropriately labeled for use in patients with AGS, Allowing patients to bring home medications for administration instead of using a potentially different manufacturers product from the hospital pharmacy.

• #20 The Link Between Alpha-gal Syndrome and Ticks | SouthCoast Health

  https://www.southcoasthealth.com/posts/view/380-the-link-between-alpha-gal-syndrome-and-ticks

  If alpha-gal syndrome is suspected, doctors may use a skin prick test, exposing the skin to small amounts of substances extracted from meat. A subsequent reaction may suggest the allergy’s presence. But blood tests to measure alpha-gal antibodies appear to be more effective for diagnosing the condition. […] As with most other food allergies, there’s currently no cure for alpha-gal syndrome. Treatment is therefore preventive; patients with the condition are advised to avoid red meat to limit their risk of severe reactions. Depending on the extent of the allergy, patients may need to carry an epinephrine autoinjector to deliver life-saving medication in the event of a reaction. In a small percent of cases, other animal products such as dairy and lard may also need to be avoided.

• #21 Diagnosis and management of alpha-gal syndrome – American Gastroenterological AssociationAGA Logo_Horizontal

  https://gastro.org/clinical-guidance/diagnosis-and-management-of-alpha-gal-syndrome/

  New guidance helps you identify if unexplained digestive symptoms are due to alpha-gal syndrome, a food allergy caused by lone star tick bites. […] Gastroenterologists should be aware of the diagnosis and management of alpha-gal syndrome because a subset of alpha-gal allergic patients show GI symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting without skin changes or anaphylaxis. The diagnosis of alpha-gal syndrome can be made among patients with GI distress and increased serum alpha-gal IgE antibodies whose symptoms are relieved adequately on an alpha-gal–avoidance diet that eliminates pork, beef and mammalian-derived products. Patients with suspected alpha-gal allergy should be counseled on an alpha-gal–avoidance diet because that is the primary management. Counseling also should include measures to avoid tick bites because further bites can drive alpha-gal IgE titers higher and worsen the allergy. Patients who also have reactions such as facial swelling, urticaria and respiratory difficulty should be referred to allergists. GI alpha-gal syndrome recently was described and prospective studies are needed to better understand this condition.

• #22 CDC alerts clinicians to signs of alpha-gal syndrome | MDedge

  https://mdedge.com/gihepnews/article/264751/ibd-intestinal-disorders/cdc-alerts-clinicians-signs-alpha-gal-syndrome

  An AGS diagnosis “can be made with GI distress and increased serum alpha-gal IgE antibodies whose symptoms are relieved adequately on an alpha-gal avoidance diet that eliminates pork, beef, and mammalian-derived products,” the practice update says. […] Patients whose symptoms also include facial swelling, urticaria, and trouble breathing should be referred to allergists, the AGA update states. […] Patients should also be counseled to avoid further tick bites because additional bites can worsen the allergy.

• #23 How can primary care improve the diagnosis of alpha-Gal syndrome? | Thermo Fisher Scientific

  https://www.thermofisher.com/phadia/wo/en/resources/clinical-education/how-can-primary-care-improve-the-diagnosis-of-alpha-gal-syndrome.html

  Alpha-Gal syndrome, a red meat allergy, is triggered by IgE antibodies targeting galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose known as alpha-Gal found in the meats of non-primate mammals. […] Recognizing a potential connection to tick bites can significantly aid the diagnostic process. […] Often misdiagnosed as irritable bowel syndrome, there is a significant amount of underdiagnosis, with about 80% of patients experiencing delays of over seven years in receiving an accurate diagnosis. […] Fortunately, efforts in heightened awareness and enhanced diagnostic methods are fostering a positive shift. This progress holds promise for shorter diagnosis times, providing an improvement in recognizing and managing alpha-Gal allergies. […] Specific IgE tests results should be interpreted along with patient history, symptoms and physical examination to aid in diagnosis and management plan development. […] The employment of specific IgE blood tests, such as the ImmunoCAPTM Specific IgE test, enhances this analysis by offering a more precise and reliable diagnosis. This approach enables healthcare professionals to develop tailored and effective care strategies for each patient.

• #24 Unexplained GI Symptoms? Consider Alpha-Gal Syndrome

  https://www.gastroendonews.com/PRN/Article/09-23/Unexplained-GI-Symptoms-Consider-Alpha-Gal-Syndrome/71357

  As confirmed diagnoses of alpha-gal syndrome are rising, experts urge GI clinicians to familiarize themselves with this condition, its often-challenging presentation, and the necessary steps for its diagnosis and management. […] Physicians in certain regions of the United States should consider alpha-gal allergy in patients with unexplained abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, according to a recently released clinical practice update from the American Gastroenterological Association. […] Management of this allergy is a diet that excludes mammalian meat as well as other mammalian food products. […] Patients are showing up to GI clinics because the allergic reaction can manifest with GI symptoms alone, without rash or facial swelling or other typical allergic reactions. […] The GI phenotype of the allergy has been documented not only by GI doctors like myself, but also by allergists when theyve challenged alpha-gal allergic patients with meat in a monitored setting.

• #25 University of Illinois Chicago

  https://dig.pharmacy.uic.edu/faqs/2023-2/december-2023-faqs/what-are-institutional-perioperative-practices-for-patients-with-alpha-gal-allergy/

  Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS), also referred to as mammalian (or red) meat allergy, is a recently recognized allergic condition tied to tick bite exposure. […] Due to the increased recognition/awareness of alpha-gal allergy, recent reports have described a need to identify the presence of alpha-gal in products commonly used perioperatively due to the number of products used over a relatively short period of time in this setting. […] As part of the preoperative assessment, a patient history of any type of food, medication, or other intolerance or reaction should initiate further investigation. […] Before attributing GI symptoms after food consumption to GI intolerance or asserting a diagnosis of idiopathic anaphylaxis, healthcare providers should rule out alpha-gal allergy through patient history and IgE testing.

• #26 Alpha-gal Syndrome (AGS) > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/alpha-gal-syndrome-ags

  Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) is an allergic condition in which people are allergic to alpha-gal, a sugar found in the tissues of all mammals except humans and other primates. […] Treatment involves medications for allergic reactions, avoiding consumption of mammalian meat and foods and medications that contain alpha-gal, avoiding additional tick bites. […] While there is no treatment or cure for AGS, treatments are available for the allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, that people with the condition can experience. People with AGS can also prevent allergic reactions by avoiding exposure to foods and products that contain alpha-gal. […] People with AGS need to avoid eating meat from mammals to prevent allergic reactions from occurring. […] Individuals diagnosed with AGS should completely avoid the consumption of mammalian meat, including beef, pork, lamb, venison, goat, and rabbit.

• #27 Alpha-gal Syndrome: Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24493-alpha-gal-syndrome

  Alpha-gal syndrome requires the care of an allergist or other skilled healthcare provider. […] Treatment for alpha-gal (AGS) syndrome typically involves avoiding foods with alpha-gal and taking medications to manage symptoms that may occur with accidental exposure. Your healthcare provider can work with you to help you avoid products and medications containing alpha-gal. […] Contact an allergist or healthcare provider when you experience symptoms of AGS. Your provider will work with you to customize a care plan that meets your needs. […] Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS), a severe red meat allergy caused by a tick bite, can be challenging to diagnose and treat. If you experience symptoms, check in with your provider as soon as possible. Working together, you can find ways to stay safe and healthy.

• #28 Diagnosis and management of patients with the α-Gal syndrome

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6980324/

  The -Gal syndrome has many novel features that are relevant to diagnosis and management. In most cases the diagnosis can be made on a history of delayed allergic reactions to red meat and the blood test for IgE to the oligosaccharide galactose-1,3-galactose (-Gal). In general, the diagnosis also dictates the primary treatment, i.e. avoiding mammalian meat and also dairy in some cases. […] The primary advice for newly diagnosed cases of the syndrome is to completely avoid meat of mammals. In most areas of the United States this means beef, pork and lamb. However internal organs are equally or more able to induce reactions. This includes, kidneys, liver, heart, and intestines (tripe), but the evidence is strongest for pork kidneys. […] Avoiding products such as milk, yogurt, and ice cream is relatively easy because there are alternatives made from almond, oat, cashew or other non-mammalian sources. The thing that patients miss most is English or French cheeses.

• #29 Alpha-Gal Allergy – with Dr. Scott Commins | Department of Medicine

  https://www.med.unc.edu/medicine/news/chairs-corner/podcast/alpha-gal/

  Dr. Commins talks about the symptoms of a reaction, how one can be tested for the allergy, and changes in diet recommended for patients who have alpha-gal. […] Initially, we ask people to strictly avoid red meatbeef, pork, lamb, this would include venison, bison, buffaloanything essentially that has hooves and walks on four legs, we ask them to avoid. […] We tell folks to take Benadryl if you have it. If you had an EpiPen or epinephrine auto-injector, then that would be a good time to use it, but most people dont have an auto-injector at home. […] We ask patients to lead with, „I’m allergic to beef, pork, lamb.” Chefs and wait staff understand that. […] Initially, we ask people to strictly avoid red meatbeef, pork, lamb, this would include venison, bison, buffaloanything essentially that has hooves and walks on four legs, we ask them to avoid. They can certainly eat chicken, turkey and fish, but we often leave dairy in their diet if they can tolerate it.

• #30 Alpha-Gal Syndrome and Meat Allergy – Allergy & Asthma Network

  https://allergyasthmanetwork.org/food-allergies/alpha-gal-syndrome-and-meat-allergy/

  The best thing you can do to avoid AGS is prevent tick bites. Here are some strategies to avoid tick bites: Know your environment. Do your best to avoid ticks. They like bushy, grassy and wooded areas. If you frequent these areas in your yard, on walks or hikes, or through your work, you are at higher risk for tick bites. […] Since trigger avoidance is key with AGS, it is important to avoid foods containing alpha-gal. These foods include most types of red meat and related meat products: Red meat from mammals (including beef, pork, lamb, venison, rabbit, bison, buffalo and other meats); organ meats such as livers, hearts, brains and intestines contain the highest amounts of alpha gal. […] If youre living with AGS, you likely require dietary restrictions to avoid symptoms. That doesnt mean you need to become vegan or vegetarian. You just need to be aware of and avoid foods that contain alpha-gal.

• #31 Diagnosis and management of patients with the α-Gal syndrome

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6980324/

  The -Gal syndrome has many novel features that are relevant to diagnosis and management. In most cases the diagnosis can be made on a history of delayed allergic reactions to red meat and the blood test for IgE to the oligosaccharide galactose-1,3-galactose (-Gal). In general, the diagnosis also dictates the primary treatment, i.e. avoiding mammalian meat and also dairy in some cases. […] The primary advice for newly diagnosed cases of the syndrome is to completely avoid meat of mammals. In most areas of the United States this means beef, pork and lamb. However internal organs are equally or more able to induce reactions. This includes, kidneys, liver, heart, and intestines (tripe), but the evidence is strongest for pork kidneys. […] Avoiding products such as milk, yogurt, and ice cream is relatively easy because there are alternatives made from almond, oat, cashew or other non-mammalian sources. The thing that patients miss most is English or French cheeses.

• #32 Alpha-Gal Syndrome and Meat Allergy – Allergy & Asthma Network

  https://allergyasthmanetwork.org/food-allergies/alpha-gal-syndrome-and-meat-allergy/

  The best thing you can do to avoid AGS is prevent tick bites. Here are some strategies to avoid tick bites: Know your environment. Do your best to avoid ticks. They like bushy, grassy and wooded areas. If you frequent these areas in your yard, on walks or hikes, or through your work, you are at higher risk for tick bites. […] Since trigger avoidance is key with AGS, it is important to avoid foods containing alpha-gal. These foods include most types of red meat and related meat products: Red meat from mammals (including beef, pork, lamb, venison, rabbit, bison, buffalo and other meats); organ meats such as livers, hearts, brains and intestines contain the highest amounts of alpha gal. […] If youre living with AGS, you likely require dietary restrictions to avoid symptoms. That doesnt mean you need to become vegan or vegetarian. You just need to be aware of and avoid foods that contain alpha-gal.

• #33 Understanding and Managing Alpha-gal Allergy | ITT

  https://www.dovepress.com/the-meat-of-the-matter-understanding-and-managing-alpha-gal-syndrome-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-ITT

  Alpha-gal syndrome is an unconventional food allergy, characterized by IgE-mediated hypersensitivity responses to the glycan galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal) and not to a food-protein. […] We review the foundation of management in alpha-gal syndrome, namely avoidance, but also discuss the use of antihistamines, mast cell stabilizers, and the emerging role of complementary and alternative therapies, biological products, and oral immunotherapy in the management of this condition. […] The mainstay of AGS management is to recommend avoidance of the allergen. In the case of AGS, first and foremost, patients are advised to avoid mammalian meat, including internal organs. […] Individuals with AGS should also be counseled to be wary of less obvious sources of mammalian alpha-gal, including beef broth, fatback or bacon in vegetables, pork encasings for poultry sausage, gravy drippings, and lard in biscuits.

• #34 Diagnosis & management of alpha-gal syndrome:lessons from 2,500 patients

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8344025/

  The primary advice for newly diagnosed patients with AGS is to completely avoid meat of mammals. […] We do not routinely include avoidance of dairy products as part of primary avoidance, as 80-90% of patients with AGS do not react to milk or cheese. […] Mammal products can be introduced into food and other products that are not obviously mammalian during preparation or manufacturing processes. […] Given the myriad of exposures detailed above and those not even known or identified to date, we will implement adjunctive medical therapies for patients with AGS who either remain symptomatic or will have potential high risk for exposures. […] Increasing awareness of AGS among healthcare providers is a critical first step in addressing the unmet needs in the diagnosis and management of AGS.

• #35 Alpha-gal syndrome: Recognizing and managing a tick-bite–related meat allergy | Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine

  https://www.ccjm.org/content/92/5/311

  Alpha-gal syndrome is an emerging condition characterized by an immunoglobulin (Ig) E-mediated reaction to galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal) after consumption of mammalian-derived food products. […] Management focuses on avoiding foods and products that contain alpha-gal and preventing tick bites. […] There is no cure, but avoiding alpha-gal exposure and future tick bites can lead to symptom resolution. […] The primary management strategy is eliminating foods and products that contain alpha-gal for a minimum of 30 days. […] Avoiding dairy products is not part of our standard recommendation because 80% to 90% of patients with alpha-gal syndrome do not have reactions to cows milk or cheese. […] Medical therapy can be considered for patients with continued symptoms or with a high exposure risk.

• #36 Understanding and Managing Alpha-gal Allergy | ITT

  https://www.dovepress.com/the-meat-of-the-matter-understanding-and-managing-alpha-gal-syndrome-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-ITT

  From our clinical experience, approximately 80% of patients will experience symptom resolution with the elimination of mammalian meat products alone, while an additional 15% should have symptoms resolved with the removal of dairy in addition to mammalian meat. […] When patients report continued symptoms despite avoidance of alpha-gal containing products or if they are at high risk for exposure, pharmaceutical management of allergic symptoms may be warranted. […] Notably, there are no published observational studies or randomized clinical trials exploring the efficacy of any medicine for symptom control in alpha-gal syndrome. […] There have been recent case reports utilizing complementary medicine approaches in the management of AGS, specifically Soliman Auricular Allergy Treatment (SAAT), a form of auricular acupuncture.

• #37 Alpha-gal syndrome – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/alpha-gal-syndrome/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20428705

  Health care providers can diagnose alpha-gal syndrome based on your personal history and certain medical tests. […] Alpha-gal syndrome treatment involves avoiding the foods that cause your reaction. Always check the ingredient labels on store-bought foods. Make sure they don’t have red meat or meat-based ingredients, such as: […] Be extra careful when you eat at restaurants and social get-togethers. Many people don’t understand how serious an allergic food reaction can be. And few people know that meat allergies exist. Even a small amount of red meat can cause a serious reaction. […] For a serious allergic reaction, you may need a shot of epinephrine and emergency care. Many people with allergies carry a device called an epinephrine auto-injector. It’s a syringe and concealed needle that injects a single dose of medication when you press it against your thigh. If you’ve been diagnosed with alpha-gal syndrome, your doctor or allergist likely will prescribe an epinephrine auto-injector. […] If you think you have alpha-gal syndrome, avoid eating red meat until your appointment. If you have a serious reaction, get emergency help.

• #38 Alpha-Gal Allergy – with Dr. Scott Commins | Department of Medicine

  https://www.med.unc.edu/medicine/news/chairs-corner/podcast/alpha-gal/

  Dr. Commins talks about the symptoms of a reaction, how one can be tested for the allergy, and changes in diet recommended for patients who have alpha-gal. […] Initially, we ask people to strictly avoid red meatbeef, pork, lamb, this would include venison, bison, buffaloanything essentially that has hooves and walks on four legs, we ask them to avoid. […] We tell folks to take Benadryl if you have it. If you had an EpiPen or epinephrine auto-injector, then that would be a good time to use it, but most people dont have an auto-injector at home. […] We ask patients to lead with, „I’m allergic to beef, pork, lamb.” Chefs and wait staff understand that. […] Initially, we ask people to strictly avoid red meatbeef, pork, lamb, this would include venison, bison, buffaloanything essentially that has hooves and walks on four legs, we ask them to avoid. They can certainly eat chicken, turkey and fish, but we often leave dairy in their diet if they can tolerate it.

• #39 The Alpha-Gal Syndrome: Unique Tick-Borne Illness on the Rise – Clinical Advisor

  https://www.clinicaladvisor.com/features/alpha-gal-syndrome-tick-borne-illness/

  Avoidance of mammalian meat, by-products of meat, fat, and other alpha-gal-containing foods such as dairy products is also a critical treatment strategy for AGS. […] Patients should receive nutrition counseling regarding which foods can trigger allergy. […] Symptomatic treatment of an allergy includes antihistamines, corticosteroids, cromolyn-based mast cell stabilizers, antiemetics, and antidiarrheal agents. […] Mammalian meat desensitization by oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been proposed as a promising treatment for AGS. […] The use of anti-IgE therapy has been researched in the treatment of food allergy. […] An allergist should be consulted about how to best manage the food allergy caused by this tick. Specific diagnostic tests and medications can be used to manage the food allergy.

• #40 Alpha-Gal: What You Need to Know About This Allergy | Phelps Health

  https://phelpshealth.org/news/featured-stories/alpha-gal-what-you-need-know-about-allergy

  All red and mammal meats will need to be avoided, Dr. Kriete said. Some patients, but not all, will find they also need to avoid dairy products. […] For most people, the symptoms are a mild nuisance, and there is no need to worry about cross-contamination. For patients with more severe reactions, however, cross-contamination can be a major concern. […] The symptoms of AGS are typically managed with a daily antihistamine like Benadryl, as well as its non-drowsy relatives (Zyrtec, Claritin, Allegra and Xyzal), Dr. Kriete said. An EpiPen is a wise investment, as symptoms can progress over time based on your dietary habits and further exposure to alpha-gal via [future] tick bites. […] Thankfully, AGS can improve in most patients by avoiding food allergens and further tick bites. Meeting with someone experienced in managing alpha-gal, like Dr. Kriete or another ENT/allergy provider, is important. […] Providers typically manage AGS with annual testing, and adjust dietary restrictions based on a patients current alpha-gal levels.

• #41 Understanding and Managing Alpha-gal Allergy | ITT

  https://www.dovepress.com/the-meat-of-the-matter-understanding-and-managing-alpha-gal-syndrome-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-ITT

  From our clinical experience, approximately 80% of patients will experience symptom resolution with the elimination of mammalian meat products alone, while an additional 15% should have symptoms resolved with the removal of dairy in addition to mammalian meat. […] When patients report continued symptoms despite avoidance of alpha-gal containing products or if they are at high risk for exposure, pharmaceutical management of allergic symptoms may be warranted. […] Notably, there are no published observational studies or randomized clinical trials exploring the efficacy of any medicine for symptom control in alpha-gal syndrome. […] There have been recent case reports utilizing complementary medicine approaches in the management of AGS, specifically Soliman Auricular Allergy Treatment (SAAT), a form of auricular acupuncture.

• #42 Understanding and Managing Alpha-gal Allergy | ITT

  https://www.dovepress.com/the-meat-of-the-matter-understanding-and-managing-alpha-gal-syndrome-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-ITT

  From our clinical experience, approximately 80% of patients will experience symptom resolution with the elimination of mammalian meat products alone, while an additional 15% should have symptoms resolved with the removal of dairy in addition to mammalian meat. […] When patients report continued symptoms despite avoidance of alpha-gal containing products or if they are at high risk for exposure, pharmaceutical management of allergic symptoms may be warranted. […] Notably, there are no published observational studies or randomized clinical trials exploring the efficacy of any medicine for symptom control in alpha-gal syndrome. […] There have been recent case reports utilizing complementary medicine approaches in the management of AGS, specifically Soliman Auricular Allergy Treatment (SAAT), a form of auricular acupuncture.

• #43 The Alpha-Gal Syndrome: Unique Tick-Borne Illness on the Rise – Clinical Advisor

  https://www.clinicaladvisor.com/features/alpha-gal-syndrome-tick-borne-illness/

  Avoidance of mammalian meat, by-products of meat, fat, and other alpha-gal-containing foods such as dairy products is also a critical treatment strategy for AGS. […] Patients should receive nutrition counseling regarding which foods can trigger allergy. […] Symptomatic treatment of an allergy includes antihistamines, corticosteroids, cromolyn-based mast cell stabilizers, antiemetics, and antidiarrheal agents. […] Mammalian meat desensitization by oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been proposed as a promising treatment for AGS. […] The use of anti-IgE therapy has been researched in the treatment of food allergy. […] An allergist should be consulted about how to best manage the food allergy caused by this tick. Specific diagnostic tests and medications can be used to manage the food allergy.

• #44

  https://www.wyndly.com/blogs/learn/alpha-gal-allergy?srsltid=AfmBOorP38BoqUySMuDhAPtnFzxrQ9JbK7PmbBrYNc2qlz_da8uPwCQ0

  Management of Alpha-Gal Syndrome primarily involves avoidance of mammalian meat products, including beef, pork, and lamb. It may also be necessary to avoid certain dairy products or medications derived from mammals. Regular follow-ups with your healthcare provider are crucial to monitor your condition and adjust your management plan as necessary. […] In some cases, sublingual immunotherapy may be recommended as a treatment for Alpha-Gal Syndrome. This treatment involves placing a tablet containing a small amount of the allergen under the tongue. […] If you’re diagnosed with Alpha-Gal Syndrome, it’s essential to avoid mammalian meats and certain dairy products. Additionally, some medications and personal care products derived from mammals may also need to be avoided. […] Remember, managing Alpha-Gal Syndrome effectively requires a comprehensive approach that includes dietary modifications, appropriate treatment plans, and regular monitoring of your condition by healthcare professionals. […] Regular consultations with allergists or immunologists are invaluable when living with AGS. They can provide personalized advice, monitor your condition, and adjust your treatment plan as necessary.

• #45

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/journalarticle?Article_ID=6155079&Journal_ID=54013&Issue_ID=6155075

  Alpha-gal allergy (AGA), thought to be linked to tick bites, can cause delayed anaphylaxis. A lack of caregiver knowledge remains a serious problem. A 36-bed adult orthopedic unit at a 434-bed Magnet(R)-redesignated community hospital in the Southeastern US conducted a pilot study to evaluate the effect of a virtual educational intervention on nurses’ knowledge of AGA. Educating nurses on the unique presentation of AGA may enhance their ability to prevent a potentially life-threatening anaphylactic reaction. […] The video described AGA, including its diagnosis and treatment, the nurse’s role when caring for patients with AGA, and the importance of understanding the allergy. It also provided information on patient presentation and the importance of taking a detailed patient history, including food consumption within the last 8 hours, allergies or previous immune responses, and recent tick bites or outdoor activities.

• #46 Alpha-gal syndrome: Meat allergy linked to tick bites rising, CDC says

  https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-66333478

  A survey of 1,500 doctors and health workers from last year found that 42% of them had never heard of the syndrome. […] In the survey, which was also released by the CDC on Thursday, about one-third of the group said they were „not too confident” in their ability to identify the disease. Only 5% said they were „very confident” in their ability. […] Experts warn people to cover up outdoors and to regularly check their bodies for tick bites. Tick bites can cause several dangerous illnesses – such as Lyme disease – and are most common during warmer months. […] The CDC advises people outdoors to use insect repellent, such as those containing DEET, or to pre-treat clothing with a chemical called permethrin.

• #47 Health Care Provider Knowledge Regarding Alpha-gal Syndrome — United States, March–May 2022 | MMWR

  https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7230a1.htm

  This limited provider knowledge might also lead to delayed or missed diagnosis and incorrect patient management. […] Increased HCP education and awareness of AGS are needed to hasten and improve the accuracy of AGS diagnoses, patient care, and the understanding of the epidemiology of this emerging condition.

• #48

  https://www.nursingcenter.com/journalarticle?Article_ID=6155079&Journal_ID=54013&Issue_ID=6155075

  Total knowledge scores showed significant improvement following the educational video. An examination of individual questionnaire items suggests that education for nurses regarding AGA should emphasize the following: route of transmission, timing from ingestion to symptoms, and the possibility of heparin eliciting an allergic response among patients with AGA. […] This pilot study used a virtual intervention to effectively educate nurses on a condition that continues to increase in prevalence with a minimal use of hospital resources.

• #49 University of Illinois Chicago

  https://dig.pharmacy.uic.edu/faqs/2023-2/december-2023-faqs/what-are-institutional-perioperative-practices-for-patients-with-alpha-gal-allergy/

  Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS), also referred to as mammalian (or red) meat allergy, is a recently recognized allergic condition tied to tick bite exposure. […] Due to the increased recognition/awareness of alpha-gal allergy, recent reports have described a need to identify the presence of alpha-gal in products commonly used perioperatively due to the number of products used over a relatively short period of time in this setting. […] As part of the preoperative assessment, a patient history of any type of food, medication, or other intolerance or reaction should initiate further investigation. […] Before attributing GI symptoms after food consumption to GI intolerance or asserting a diagnosis of idiopathic anaphylaxis, healthcare providers should rule out alpha-gal allergy through patient history and IgE testing.

• #50 University of Illinois Chicago

  https://dig.pharmacy.uic.edu/faqs/2023-2/december-2023-faqs/what-are-institutional-perioperative-practices-for-patients-with-alpha-gal-allergy/

  According to some authors, alpha-gal IgE levels above 2 IU/mL increase the risk of severe allergic reactions. […] At a systems level, recommendations to identify and ensure safety for patient with AGS include: Increasing awareness and education of all health care providers, Documentation of the allergy in the electronic chart and updating the electronic chart database to provide appropriate alerts, Creation and maintenance of a formulary list of medications that contain alpha-gal, Development of kits containing commonly used medications in the operative setting, for emergencies, and for codes that is periodically verified and appropriately labeled for use in patients with AGS, Allowing patients to bring home medications for administration instead of using a potentially different manufacturers product from the hospital pharmacy.

• #51 University of Illinois Chicago

  https://dig.pharmacy.uic.edu/faqs/2023-2/december-2023-faqs/what-are-institutional-perioperative-practices-for-patients-with-alpha-gal-allergy/

  Heparin is derived from porcine intestinal mucosa or bovine lung. […] Despite the increased incidence of AGS and the animal-derived source of heparin, patients with documented AGS may not necessarily demonstrate a reaction to heparin. […] Based on the available data, a suggested algorithm by Nourian et al can help guide the decision for heparin use in patients with AGS. […] In all cases, alpha-gal IgE levels and an allergist consultation are recommended (either before or after the procedure). […] Until more evidence becomes available, health care providers, health care systems, and product manufacturers need to ensure availability and familiarity with medications and products that are alpha-gal free. […] In the case of heparin, several options include alternate anticoagulants, skin testing, and heparin desensitization and depend on alpha-gal IgE levels and urgency of the procedure. […] Although formal guidelines are not yet available, testing an alpha-gal IgE level can serve as a guide to the potential severity of the patients sensitivity and severity of a reaction if exposed to an alpha-gal containing product.

• #52 University of Illinois Chicago

  https://dig.pharmacy.uic.edu/faqs/2023-2/december-2023-faqs/what-are-institutional-perioperative-practices-for-patients-with-alpha-gal-allergy/

  Heparin is derived from porcine intestinal mucosa or bovine lung. […] Despite the increased incidence of AGS and the animal-derived source of heparin, patients with documented AGS may not necessarily demonstrate a reaction to heparin. […] Based on the available data, a suggested algorithm by Nourian et al can help guide the decision for heparin use in patients with AGS. […] In all cases, alpha-gal IgE levels and an allergist consultation are recommended (either before or after the procedure). […] Until more evidence becomes available, health care providers, health care systems, and product manufacturers need to ensure availability and familiarity with medications and products that are alpha-gal free. […] In the case of heparin, several options include alternate anticoagulants, skin testing, and heparin desensitization and depend on alpha-gal IgE levels and urgency of the procedure. […] Although formal guidelines are not yet available, testing an alpha-gal IgE level can serve as a guide to the potential severity of the patients sensitivity and severity of a reaction if exposed to an alpha-gal containing product.

• #53 University of Illinois Chicago

  https://dig.pharmacy.uic.edu/faqs/2023-2/december-2023-faqs/what-are-institutional-perioperative-practices-for-patients-with-alpha-gal-allergy/

  Heparin is derived from porcine intestinal mucosa or bovine lung. […] Despite the increased incidence of AGS and the animal-derived source of heparin, patients with documented AGS may not necessarily demonstrate a reaction to heparin. […] Based on the available data, a suggested algorithm by Nourian et al can help guide the decision for heparin use in patients with AGS. […] In all cases, alpha-gal IgE levels and an allergist consultation are recommended (either before or after the procedure). […] Until more evidence becomes available, health care providers, health care systems, and product manufacturers need to ensure availability and familiarity with medications and products that are alpha-gal free. […] In the case of heparin, several options include alternate anticoagulants, skin testing, and heparin desensitization and depend on alpha-gal IgE levels and urgency of the procedure. […] Although formal guidelines are not yet available, testing an alpha-gal IgE level can serve as a guide to the potential severity of the patients sensitivity and severity of a reaction if exposed to an alpha-gal containing product.

• #54 Alpha-gal syndrome: Recognizing and managing a tick-bite–related meat allergy | Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine

  https://www.ccjm.org/content/92/5/311

  Managing alpha-gal syndrome extends beyond simple dietary restrictions and involves a multidisciplinary approach with gastroenterologists, dietitians, and allergists to ensure comprehensive patient care. […] Patients with alpha-gal syndrome should be cautioned to prevent future tick bites, as repeated bites can sustain or increase alpha-gal IgE levels, which could exacerbate their allergy and symptoms. […] Most patients (89%) who avoid tick bites tend to see a decline in their alpha-gal IgE levels.

• #55 Diagnosis & management of alpha-gal syndrome:lessons from 2,500 patients

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8344025/

  Alpha-gal Syndrome (AGS) is a unique allergy to non-primate mammalian meat (and derived-products) that is associated with tick bites and is due to a specific IgE antibody to the oligosaccharide galactose–1,3-galactose (alpha-gal). […] This review describes the authors experience with diagnosis, management and design of appropriate avoidance for patients with AGS and provides clinicians with practical advice for care of these patients. […] Allergen avoidance along with rescue medication(s) are the mainstays of management for AGS. […] In keeping with this, a minority of patients may benefit from avoiding a wide range of products that are prepared with mammalian-derived constituents. […] Owing to the ubiquitous inclusion of mammal-derived products within both food and healthcare settings, allergen avoidance for patients with AGS can present unique challenges for management and we routinely include a dietician as part of our care team (or suggest referral).

• #56 Alpha-gal Syndrome: Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24493-alpha-gal-syndrome

  Alpha-gal syndrome requires the care of an allergist or other skilled healthcare provider. […] Treatment for alpha-gal (AGS) syndrome typically involves avoiding foods with alpha-gal and taking medications to manage symptoms that may occur with accidental exposure. Your healthcare provider can work with you to help you avoid products and medications containing alpha-gal. […] Contact an allergist or healthcare provider when you experience symptoms of AGS. Your provider will work with you to customize a care plan that meets your needs. […] Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS), a severe red meat allergy caused by a tick bite, can be challenging to diagnose and treat. If you experience symptoms, check in with your provider as soon as possible. Working together, you can find ways to stay safe and healthy.

• #57 Life with Alpha-Gal Red Meat Allergy | Entomology

  https://entomology.ca.uky.edu/ef656

  Alpha-gal syndrome or red meat allergy is an allergic condition. Those with the condition must forgo eating beef, lamb, pork, and wild game. Sufferers can still eat poultry, seafood, eggs, and plant-based sources of protein. […] Symptoms can include gastrointestinal issue such as nausea, indigestion, and diarrhea and other allergic symptoms such as cough, hives, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, and swelling of the eyes/tongue/lips/throat, amongst others. […] There is no known treatment for alpha-gal syndrome. Instead, lifestyle changes can be made that help manage and reduce the symptoms. People who have alpha gal must remove beef, pork, and lamb from their diets to avoid allergic reactions. […] Individuals should work with a health care provider, such as a registered dietitian, to find a diet that works for them and meets their personal nutrition needs.

• #58 Alpha-gal Syndrome (AGS) > Fact Sheets > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/conditions/alpha-gal-syndrome-ags

  Many other products and medications may also contain alpha-gal. People with AGS should consult with their health care provider about which foods or other products they should avoid. […] Yale Allergy Immunology is a regional leader in the diagnosis and management of alpha-gal syndrome, says Yale Medicine allergist and immunologist Elise Liu, MD, PhD. Our physicians and nurses are highly knowledgeable and on the cutting edge of advancements in alpha-gal syndrome. In addition, Yale Allergy Immunology offers individualized care for every patient. We aim to address each area that alpha-gal syndrome intersects with health and well-being to help our patients manage this condition optimally.

• #59 Two Alpha Gals

  https://www.twoalphagals.com/

  Our goal is to make your life with alpha-gal syndrome less stressful. We meet you where you are on your journey, equipping you with the tools to reinvent the world around you, build resilience, and ultimately find JOY. […] Whether you’re newly diagnosed, an alpha-gal ace, or a friend or family of a loved one living with alpha-gal syndrome, this guide is for you. In this 22-page resource, we walk you through everything from the basics to details such as identifying sneaky sources and building your toolkit. […] Let us help you grow your confidence in living with and speaking about alpha-gal syndrome. […] Join the Two Alpha Gals as they share their experience reinventing life with alpha-gal syndrome. Listen to interviews and inspiring stories on resilience and rediscovering joy from others navigating the journey through the tall grass. […] Two Alpha Gals share the complexities of living with alpha-gal syndrome.

• #60 Alpha-gal syndrome: How a tick bite can make you allergic to meat | Prevention | UT Southwestern Medical Center

  https://utswmed.org/medblog/meat-allergy-alpha-gal-tick-bite/

  Work with your allergist to determine whether and how to safely reintroduce mammalian food products back into your diet. […] Preventing tick bites is the most important thing you can do to avoid alpha-gal syndrome, as well as other tick-borne illnesses such as Lyme disease. […] Increased awareness and knowledge of the condition will be crucial to making sure patients get a prompt diagnosis and proper treatment for their symptoms.

• #61 Alpha-gal syndrome: Recognizing and managing a tick-bite–related meat allergy | Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine

  https://www.ccjm.org/content/92/5/311

  Managing alpha-gal syndrome extends beyond simple dietary restrictions and involves a multidisciplinary approach with gastroenterologists, dietitians, and allergists to ensure comprehensive patient care. […] Patients with alpha-gal syndrome should be cautioned to prevent future tick bites, as repeated bites can sustain or increase alpha-gal IgE levels, which could exacerbate their allergy and symptoms. […] Most patients (89%) who avoid tick bites tend to see a decline in their alpha-gal IgE levels.

• #62 Alpha-gal syndrome: Meat allergy linked to tick bites rising, CDC says

  https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-66333478

  A survey of 1,500 doctors and health workers from last year found that 42% of them had never heard of the syndrome. […] In the survey, which was also released by the CDC on Thursday, about one-third of the group said they were „not too confident” in their ability to identify the disease. Only 5% said they were „very confident” in their ability. […] Experts warn people to cover up outdoors and to regularly check their bodies for tick bites. Tick bites can cause several dangerous illnesses – such as Lyme disease – and are most common during warmer months. […] The CDC advises people outdoors to use insect repellent, such as those containing DEET, or to pre-treat clothing with a chemical called permethrin.

• #63 Alpha-Gal Syndrome and Meat Allergy – Allergy & Asthma Network

  https://allergyasthmanetwork.org/food-allergies/alpha-gal-syndrome-and-meat-allergy/

  The best thing you can do to avoid AGS is prevent tick bites. Here are some strategies to avoid tick bites: Know your environment. Do your best to avoid ticks. They like bushy, grassy and wooded areas. If you frequent these areas in your yard, on walks or hikes, or through your work, you are at higher risk for tick bites. […] Since trigger avoidance is key with AGS, it is important to avoid foods containing alpha-gal. These foods include most types of red meat and related meat products: Red meat from mammals (including beef, pork, lamb, venison, rabbit, bison, buffalo and other meats); organ meats such as livers, hearts, brains and intestines contain the highest amounts of alpha gal. […] If youre living with AGS, you likely require dietary restrictions to avoid symptoms. That doesnt mean you need to become vegan or vegetarian. You just need to be aware of and avoid foods that contain alpha-gal.

• #64 Alpha-Gal Syndrome and Meat Allergy – Allergy & Asthma Network

  https://allergyasthmanetwork.org/food-allergies/alpha-gal-syndrome-and-meat-allergy/

  There is no cure for alpha-gal syndrome. If youre diagnosed with AGS, the best way to avoid an allergic reaction is to not eat red meat. People with AGS who accidentally eat red meat should carry an epinephrine auto-injector, the best treatment for severe allergic reactions. The good news is that AGS is not a lifelong condition.

• #65 Alpha-gal syndrome | Health Library | Memorial Health System

  https://www.mhsystem.org/health-library/con-20420734/

  Alpha-gal syndrome is a type of food allergy. It makes people allergic to red meat and other products made from mammals. […] Theres no treatment other than avoiding red meat and other products made from mammals. If you have a serious allergic reaction, you may need medicine called epinephrine and treatment at the emergency room. […] Alpha-gal syndrome treatment involves avoiding the foods that cause your reaction. Always check the ingredient labels on store-bought foods. Make sure they dont have red meat or meat-based ingredients, such as: […] For a serious allergic reaction, you may need a shot of epinephrine and emergency care. Many people with allergies carry a device called an epinephrine auto-injector. Its a syringe and concealed needle that injects a single dose of medication when you press it against your thigh. If youve been diagnosed with alpha-gal syndrome, your doctor or allergist likely will prescribe an epinephrine auto-injector. […] Symptoms of alpha-gal syndrome may lessen or even disappear over time. This is especially true if you dont get any more bites from ticks that carry alpha-gal. Some people with this condition can eat mammal food products again after 1 to 2 years if they dont get any more tick bites.

• #66 Alpha-gal syndrome: Recognizing and managing a tick-bite–related meat allergy | Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine

  https://www.ccjm.org/content/92/5/311

  Managing alpha-gal syndrome extends beyond simple dietary restrictions and involves a multidisciplinary approach with gastroenterologists, dietitians, and allergists to ensure comprehensive patient care. […] Patients with alpha-gal syndrome should be cautioned to prevent future tick bites, as repeated bites can sustain or increase alpha-gal IgE levels, which could exacerbate their allergy and symptoms. […] Most patients (89%) who avoid tick bites tend to see a decline in their alpha-gal IgE levels.

• #67

  https://www.prevention.com/health/health-conditions/a44193753/alpha-gal-syndrome-tick-borne-illnesses/

  AGS is just one of many tick-borne illnesses that are increasing in frequency. […] Alpha-gal syndrome isn’t on the radar everywhere, so your doctor may not be familiar with it, says Jennifer Platt, Dr.PH, who co-founded the nonprofit Tick-Borne Conditions United with Maine native Beth Carrison. […] As tick-borne diseases go, Alpha-gal syndrome is relatively new on the medical radar. […] People with AGS have to avoid not just meat but also a laundry list of products with hidden mammalian ingredients—things like gummies, lotions, and the blood thinner heparin. […] There isn’t yet a treatment for AGS; some sufferers take a daily antihistamine to deal with small exposures and minor symptoms and carry an emergency dose of epinephrine, says Dr. Commins. […] As scary as tick-borne illnesses are, there is hope. Dr. Commins has patients who have been very sick with AGS who are now adding pork and beef back into their diets. […] We really do think alpha-gal syndrome can go away over time, says Dr. Commins.

• #68 Alpha-Gal: What You Need to Know About This Allergy | Phelps Health

  https://phelpshealth.org/news/featured-stories/alpha-gal-what-you-need-know-about-allergy

  All red and mammal meats will need to be avoided, Dr. Kriete said. Some patients, but not all, will find they also need to avoid dairy products. […] For most people, the symptoms are a mild nuisance, and there is no need to worry about cross-contamination. For patients with more severe reactions, however, cross-contamination can be a major concern. […] The symptoms of AGS are typically managed with a daily antihistamine like Benadryl, as well as its non-drowsy relatives (Zyrtec, Claritin, Allegra and Xyzal), Dr. Kriete said. An EpiPen is a wise investment, as symptoms can progress over time based on your dietary habits and further exposure to alpha-gal via [future] tick bites. […] Thankfully, AGS can improve in most patients by avoiding food allergens and further tick bites. Meeting with someone experienced in managing alpha-gal, like Dr. Kriete or another ENT/allergy provider, is important. […] Providers typically manage AGS with annual testing, and adjust dietary restrictions based on a patients current alpha-gal levels.

• #69 Alpha-gal syndrome | Health Library | Memorial Health System

  https://www.mhsystem.org/health-library/con-20420734/

  Alpha-gal syndrome is a type of food allergy. It makes people allergic to red meat and other products made from mammals. […] Theres no treatment other than avoiding red meat and other products made from mammals. If you have a serious allergic reaction, you may need medicine called epinephrine and treatment at the emergency room. […] Alpha-gal syndrome treatment involves avoiding the foods that cause your reaction. Always check the ingredient labels on store-bought foods. Make sure they dont have red meat or meat-based ingredients, such as: […] For a serious allergic reaction, you may need a shot of epinephrine and emergency care. Many people with allergies carry a device called an epinephrine auto-injector. Its a syringe and concealed needle that injects a single dose of medication when you press it against your thigh. If youve been diagnosed with alpha-gal syndrome, your doctor or allergist likely will prescribe an epinephrine auto-injector. […] Symptoms of alpha-gal syndrome may lessen or even disappear over time. This is especially true if you dont get any more bites from ticks that carry alpha-gal. Some people with this condition can eat mammal food products again after 1 to 2 years if they dont get any more tick bites.

• #70 Health Care Provider Knowledge Regarding Alpha-gal Syndrome — United States, March–May 2022 | MMWR

  https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7230a1.htm

  This limited provider knowledge might also lead to delayed or missed diagnosis and incorrect patient management. […] Increased HCP education and awareness of AGS are needed to hasten and improve the accuracy of AGS diagnoses, patient care, and the understanding of the epidemiology of this emerging condition.

• #71 What Health Officials Should Know About Alpha-Gal Syndrome | ASTHO

  https://www.astho.org/communications/blog/what-health-officials-should-know-about-alpha-gal-syndrome/

  Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS), sometimes called red meat allergy, is an emerging allergic condition mainly caused by the bite of a lone star tick and is characterized by an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to alpha-gal. […] Unfortunately, no treatment or cure for AGS is currently available. Management of AGS includes the use of antihistamines, epinephrine, and eliminating red meat and other alpha-gal-containing products from the diet. But the key to reducing the impact of AGS is prevention—avoiding tick bites in the first place. […] There is a critical need for public health activities to prevent and control tickborne diseases like community education around tick bite prevention, health care provider education for timely diagnosis and allergic condition management, and improved tick surveillance. […] Health agencies have an important role in educating and collaborating with local programs, providers, and allergists to develop and implement strategies to help protect people from tickborne diseases.

• #72 What Health Officials Should Know About Alpha-Gal Syndrome | ASTHO

  https://www.astho.org/communications/blog/what-health-officials-should-know-about-alpha-gal-syndrome/

  Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS), sometimes called red meat allergy, is an emerging allergic condition mainly caused by the bite of a lone star tick and is characterized by an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to alpha-gal. […] Unfortunately, no treatment or cure for AGS is currently available. Management of AGS includes the use of antihistamines, epinephrine, and eliminating red meat and other alpha-gal-containing products from the diet. But the key to reducing the impact of AGS is prevention—avoiding tick bites in the first place. […] There is a critical need for public health activities to prevent and control tickborne diseases like community education around tick bite prevention, health care provider education for timely diagnosis and allergic condition management, and improved tick surveillance. […] Health agencies have an important role in educating and collaborating with local programs, providers, and allergists to develop and implement strategies to help protect people from tickborne diseases.

• #73 Department of Health | Communicable Disease Service | Alpha-gal Syndrome

  https://www.nj.gov/health/cd/topics/alphagal.shtml

  Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) (also called alpha-gal allergy, red meat allergy, or tick bite meat allergy) is a serious, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction to alpha-gal, which is a sugar molecule found in many mammals, but not in people. […] AGS should be treated and managed under the care of an allergist or other healthcare provider. […] NJDOH started statewide surveillance for AGS effective January 1, 2022 to better understand the local epidemiology, recognize areas in New Jersey where AGS incidence has increased or decreased, focus preventive education on tick bite prevention to reduce overall tickborne disease risk, and to increase healthcare provider awareness of AGS.

• #74 Health Care Provider Knowledge Regarding Alpha-gal Syndrome — United States, March–May 2022 | MMWR

  https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7230a1.htm

  Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) is an emerging, tick biteassociated allergic condition characterized by a hypersensitivity to an oligosaccharide found in most mammalian meat and products derived from it. Symptoms can be life-threatening and can include anaphylaxis. Cases are increasing, although patients report limited health care provider (HCP) awareness of AGS. […] HCP respondents (N = 1,500) to a nationwide survey had limited AGS knowledge: 42% were not aware of AGS, and another 35% were not confident in their ability to diagnose or manage AGS patients. […] Limited HCP knowledge about AGS is concerning, especially because the number of suspected cases is increasing, and the range of the tick primarily associated with this condition is expected to expand. Improved HCP education might facilitate a rapid diagnosis of AGS, improve patient care, and support public health understanding of this emerging condition.

• #75 Understanding and Managing Alpha-gal Allergy | ITT

  https://www.dovepress.com/the-meat-of-the-matter-understanding-and-managing-alpha-gal-syndrome-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-ITT

  While there is one oral immunotherapy treatment approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of peanut allergy, otherwise known as peanut OIT, there are no FDA-approved OIT treatments for AGS. […] The impact of alpha-gal syndrome moves beyond food choices. It can also affect the safety and tolerability of cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and medical devices, present unique occupational health considerations, and significantly increase healthcare utilization and impact quality of life.

• #76 About Alpha-gal Syndrome | Alpha-gal Syndrome | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/alpha-gal-syndrome/about/index.html

  Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS) is a serious, potentially life-threatening allergic condition that can occur after a tick bite. […] AGS should be managed under the care of an allergist or other healthcare provider. […] Most healthcare providers recommend patients with AGS stop eating meat from mammals, such as beef, pork, lamb, venison, or rabbit. However, not all patients with AGS have reactions to every ingredient containing alpha-gal. […] You will need to work with your healthcare provider to understand which products containing alpha-gal you will need to avoid. […] Prevent tick bites. New tick bites may reactivate allergic reactions to alpha-gal. […] Talk to your healthcare provider before taking a new medication or receiving a vaccine. Although very rare, some people with severe AGS may react to ingredients in certain vaccines or medications.

• #77 Life with Alpha-Gal Red Meat Allergy | Entomology

  https://entomology.ca.uky.edu/ef656

  Some prescribed medications and medical treatments may also cause a reaction. These may include heparin, antivenoms, certain chemotherapy drugs, and even heart valves derived from pigs or cows. Always ask if the prescribed medication or suggested treatment causes a reaction for those living with alpha-gal.

• #78 Alpha-Gal Allergy – with Dr. Scott Commins | Department of Medicine

  https://www.med.unc.edu/medicine/news/chairs-corner/podcast/alpha-gal/

  We have been aware of and seen patients who have had anaphylaxis to heparin, particularly heparin that is used to dissolve clots, or to anticoagulate someone, thin their blood during an operationa little different from the heparin that you might get just to prevent your DVT or blood clot from being immobile. […] We have published a series of three cases of patients who developed anaphylaxis after having a pig valve put in their heart.

• #79 University of Illinois Chicago

  https://dig.pharmacy.uic.edu/faqs/2023-2/december-2023-faqs/what-are-institutional-perioperative-practices-for-patients-with-alpha-gal-allergy/

  Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS), also referred to as mammalian (or red) meat allergy, is a recently recognized allergic condition tied to tick bite exposure. […] Due to the increased recognition/awareness of alpha-gal allergy, recent reports have described a need to identify the presence of alpha-gal in products commonly used perioperatively due to the number of products used over a relatively short period of time in this setting. […] As part of the preoperative assessment, a patient history of any type of food, medication, or other intolerance or reaction should initiate further investigation. […] Before attributing GI symptoms after food consumption to GI intolerance or asserting a diagnosis of idiopathic anaphylaxis, healthcare providers should rule out alpha-gal allergy through patient history and IgE testing.

• #80 Children’s mystery symptoms may be alpha-gal syndrome – VUMC News

  https://news.vumc.org/2023/04/13/childrens-mystery-symptoms-may-be-alpha-gal-syndrome/

  A Vanderbilt study found that some children with mystery digestive symptoms may actually have undiagnosed alpha-gal syndrome, commonly known as the red meat allergy linked to tick bites. […] The study found that some children with mystery digestive symptoms may actually have undiagnosed alpha-gal syndrome, commonly known as the red meat allergy linked to tick bites. […] At Vanderbilt 30% of patients who have AGS will have a severe reaction anaphylaxis symptoms such as swelling, hives, shortness of breath, increased blood pressure, increased heart rate and feeling like they are going to pass out, in addition to nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain. […] Living in an endemic area for alpha-gal syndrome, we had an index of suspicion in those that reported tick bites or other symptoms consistent with a food allergy, said Maribeth Nicholson, MD, MPH, associate professor of Pediatrics in the Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, and the senior author of the VUMC study.

• #81 Red Meat Allergy (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/red-meat-allergy.html

  Red meat allergy is a food allergy that can happen after a tick bite. Some ticks pass a tiny particle called alpha-gal into the blood. This can make a persons immune system overreact to proteins in red meat and products made from mammals. The body thinks the proteins are harmful invaders, so it tries to fight them off. This can cause an allergic reaction. […] If you think your child has a red meat allergy, see your doctor. They’ll ask about symptoms and might do an exam and order blood tests. Your child might need to see an allergist, who can do more testing to check for an allergy and talk about what your child needs to avoid. […] If someone has a red meat allergy, the allergist will likely prescribe medicine called an epinephrine auto-injector. Its used when theres a severe reaction and is easy to inject. Always keep two auto-injectors with your child. Some reactions will need both shots.

• #82 Health Care Provider Knowledge Regarding Alpha-gal Syndrome — United States, March–May 2022 | MMWR

  https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/72/wr/mm7230a1.htm

  Despite the potential life-threatening reactions associated with AGS, most patients perceive that health care providers (HCPs) have little or no knowledge of AGS. […] Overall, 42% of surveyed HCPs had never heard of AGS, and among those who had, fewer than one third knew how to diagnose the condition. […] Limited awareness and knowledge of AGS among HCPs likely contributes to underdiagnosis of this condition and inadequate patient management, and underestimates of the number of AGS patients in the United States, which currently relies on laboratory testing data alone. […] This analysis indicated a low level of knowledge among U.S. HCPs regarding the diagnosis and management of AGS, with 78% of providers having little to no knowledge of AGS. […] Provider knowledge of AGS etiology, testing, and patient counseling decreased as the number of patients they reported diagnosing or managing with AGS increased.

• #83 What Health Officials Should Know About Alpha-Gal Syndrome | ASTHO

  https://www.astho.org/communications/blog/what-health-officials-should-know-about-alpha-gal-syndrome/

  Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS), sometimes called red meat allergy, is an emerging allergic condition mainly caused by the bite of a lone star tick and is characterized by an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity to alpha-gal. […] Unfortunately, no treatment or cure for AGS is currently available. Management of AGS includes the use of antihistamines, epinephrine, and eliminating red meat and other alpha-gal-containing products from the diet. But the key to reducing the impact of AGS is prevention—avoiding tick bites in the first place. […] There is a critical need for public health activities to prevent and control tickborne diseases like community education around tick bite prevention, health care provider education for timely diagnosis and allergic condition management, and improved tick surveillance. […] Health agencies have an important role in educating and collaborating with local programs, providers, and allergists to develop and implement strategies to help protect people from tickborne diseases.

• #84 Diagnosis and management of alpha-gal syndrome – American Gastroenterological AssociationAGA Logo_Horizontal

  https://gastro.org/clinical-guidance/diagnosis-and-management-of-alpha-gal-syndrome/

  New guidance helps you identify if unexplained digestive symptoms are due to alpha-gal syndrome, a food allergy caused by lone star tick bites. […] Gastroenterologists should be aware of the diagnosis and management of alpha-gal syndrome because a subset of alpha-gal allergic patients show GI symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting without skin changes or anaphylaxis. The diagnosis of alpha-gal syndrome can be made among patients with GI distress and increased serum alpha-gal IgE antibodies whose symptoms are relieved adequately on an alpha-gal–avoidance diet that eliminates pork, beef and mammalian-derived products. Patients with suspected alpha-gal allergy should be counseled on an alpha-gal–avoidance diet because that is the primary management. Counseling also should include measures to avoid tick bites because further bites can drive alpha-gal IgE titers higher and worsen the allergy. Patients who also have reactions such as facial swelling, urticaria and respiratory difficulty should be referred to allergists. GI alpha-gal syndrome recently was described and prospective studies are needed to better understand this condition.

• #85 Children’s mystery symptoms may be alpha-gal syndrome – VUMC News

  https://news.vumc.org/2023/04/13/childrens-mystery-symptoms-may-be-alpha-gal-syndrome/

  The study looked at 199 patients in the pediatric GI clinic at Monroe Carell Jr. Childrens Hospital at Vanderbilt. […] Of those patients, 40 were sensitized to alpha-gal (which doesnt mean they are allergic, but theyve had a tick bite that has exposed them to alpha-gal). […] Once diagnosed, allergists typically recommend strict avoidance of beef, pork and lamb, and a smaller number of patients may also need to avoid mammal-derived foods such as milk or gelatin. […] Not all patients with AGS have reactions to every ingredient containing alpha-gal. […] Nicholson said symptoms can differ from patient to patient, and its still not known which GI symptoms are the most predictive for AGS. […] Generally, the children I care for at Monroe Carell who tested positive had intermittent, but severe, symptoms which did not respond to classic medications targeting irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or reflux. […] Stone said the team is interested in conducting larger studies of AGS.

• #86 Children’s mystery symptoms may be alpha-gal syndrome – VUMC News

  https://news.vumc.org/2023/04/13/childrens-mystery-symptoms-may-be-alpha-gal-syndrome/

  The study looked at 199 patients in the pediatric GI clinic at Monroe Carell Jr. Childrens Hospital at Vanderbilt. […] Of those patients, 40 were sensitized to alpha-gal (which doesnt mean they are allergic, but theyve had a tick bite that has exposed them to alpha-gal). […] Once diagnosed, allergists typically recommend strict avoidance of beef, pork and lamb, and a smaller number of patients may also need to avoid mammal-derived foods such as milk or gelatin. […] Not all patients with AGS have reactions to every ingredient containing alpha-gal. […] Nicholson said symptoms can differ from patient to patient, and its still not known which GI symptoms are the most predictive for AGS. […] Generally, the children I care for at Monroe Carell who tested positive had intermittent, but severe, symptoms which did not respond to classic medications targeting irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or reflux. […] Stone said the team is interested in conducting larger studies of AGS.

• #87 What is alpha-gal syndrome? | Baptist Health | Jacksonville, FL

  https://www.baptistjax.com/juice/stories/community-health/alpha-gal-red-meat-allergy

  Alpha-gal syndrome is an allergic condition that occurs after people eat red meat or are exposed to something containing alpha-gal. […] With AGS, knowledge is everything. Its important to increase awareness so health care professionals can make the diagnosis, said Dr. Katugaha. Once that happens, the affected person can work with their doctor to make a management plan to avoid foods and triggers. If they stick to the plan, the outlook is good. If the diagnosis is unknown and someone has an allergic reaction, AGS can be serious and potentially life-threatening.

• #88 Alpha-gal Syndrome: Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24493-alpha-gal-syndrome

  Alpha-gal syndrome requires the care of an allergist or other skilled healthcare provider. […] Treatment for alpha-gal (AGS) syndrome typically involves avoiding foods with alpha-gal and taking medications to manage symptoms that may occur with accidental exposure. Your healthcare provider can work with you to help you avoid products and medications containing alpha-gal. […] Contact an allergist or healthcare provider when you experience symptoms of AGS. Your provider will work with you to customize a care plan that meets your needs. […] Alpha-gal syndrome (AGS), a severe red meat allergy caused by a tick bite, can be challenging to diagnose and treat. If you experience symptoms, check in with your provider as soon as possible. Working together, you can find ways to stay safe and healthy.

• #89 Military Health Experts Warn about Potentially Life-Threatening Meat Allergy from Tick Bite | Health.mil

  https://www.health.mil/News/Dvids-Articles/2024/05/15/news471323

  The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that more than 500,000 people in the U.S. have a serious allergic condition called alpha-gal syndrome, or AGS, also known as the red-meat allergy or tick-bite meat allergy. AGS should be managed under the care of an allergist or other health care provider. Proper dietary changes allow those who have AGS to live normal lives, although medication for allergic reactions may be advised. […] AGS should be managed under the care of an allergist or other health care provider. Proper dietary changes allow those who have it to live normal lives, though medication for allergic reactions may be advised under the care of a provider. It’s important to be aware of antigen sources that might trigger an allergic response. Tips for managing AGS include: […] A health care provider will need to review your history of symptoms and any past tick exposure and conduct the alpha-gal antibodies blood test. An allergy skin test may also be performed. The provider may refer you to an allergist or immunologist.

• #90 American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Annual Scientific Meeting

  https://www.healio.com/news/primary-care/20211206/qa-survey-reveals-misconceptions-about-alphagal-syndrome-among-pcps

  Although primary care physicians have basic knowledge of alpha-gal syndrome, results of a small survey suggest that many characteristics of the condition are unknown or misunderstood, according to researchers. […] Alpha-gal syndrome is and was a serious issue, Hedberg told Healio Primary Care. […] He said he has helped facilitate awareness of this novel allergic disease by distributing information about alpha-gal syndrome to first responders, paramedics, emergency medical technicians and ED physicians. However, the survey suggests that greater awareness is needed. […] The typical symptoms of alpha-gal syndrome occur in a 3- to 6-hour range after ingestion. Most patients experience anaphylaxis or recurrent and chronic urticaria after having tolerated red meats in the past. […] I felt our questions would help survey the degree of knowledge and help identify areas where allergists may need to concentrate educational efforts toward our primary caregivers. In general, awareness of alpha-gal syndrome is increasing among PCPs yet there appears to be some discrepancy of the disease among physicians.

• #91 American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Annual Scientific Meeting

  https://www.healio.com/news/primary-care/20211206/qa-survey-reveals-misconceptions-about-alphagal-syndrome-among-pcps

  PCPs need to know and understand that alpha-gal syndrome is a novel form of hypersensitivity that is delayed and therefore may present differently than a typical food allergy. For allergic reactions or anaphylactic reactions that do not have a clear determination of the etiology, alpha gal red meat/mammalian oligosaccaride allergy should be considered.

• #92 What is alpha-gal syndrome? | Baptist Health | Jacksonville, FL

  https://www.baptistjax.com/juice/stories/community-health/alpha-gal-red-meat-allergy

  Alpha-gal syndrome is an allergic condition that occurs after people eat red meat or are exposed to something containing alpha-gal. […] With AGS, knowledge is everything. Its important to increase awareness so health care professionals can make the diagnosis, said Dr. Katugaha. Once that happens, the affected person can work with their doctor to make a management plan to avoid foods and triggers. If they stick to the plan, the outlook is good. If the diagnosis is unknown and someone has an allergic reaction, AGS can be serious and potentially life-threatening.

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