Zapalenie płuc
Objawy
Zapalenie płuc (pneumonia) to stan zapalny pęcherzyków płucnych, wywołany przez różne patogeny (bakteryjne, wirusowe, grzybicze), charakteryzujący się szerokim spektrum objawów od łagodnych do zagrażających życiu. Bakteryjne zapalenie płuc, często o cięższym przebiegu, manifestuje się wysoką gorączką do 40,55°C, kaszlem z plwociną (żółtą, zieloną lub krwistą), dusznością, tachypnoe, bólem w klatce piersiowej oraz sinicą. Przebieg płatowego zapalenia płuc obejmuje cztery etapy: przekrwienie, czerwone wątrobowacenie, szare wątrobowacenie i ustępowanie, z nasileniem objawów i zmianami morfologicznymi w płucach. Wirusowe zapalenie płuc rozwija się zwykle w ciągu kilku dni, z objawami grypopodobnymi, nasilającymi się do duszności i wysokiej gorączki. U dzieci i osób starszych objawy mogą być nietypowe, z dominującym splątaniem lub brakiem gorączki. Atypowe zapalenie płuc cechuje się łagodniejszym przebiegiem, niską gorączką (<38°C) i przewlekłym kaszlem.
- Objawy zapalenia płuc – charakterystyka ogólna
- Etapy rozwoju zapalenia płuc
- Etap 1: Przekrwienie (Congestion)
- Etap 2: Czerwone wątrobowacenie (Red Hepatization)
- Etap 3: Szare wątrobowacenie (Gray Hepatization)
- Etap 4: Ustępowanie (Resolution)
- Specyficzne objawy w różnych grupach wiekowych
- Atypowe zapalenie płuc (walking pneumonia)
- Kiedy szukać pomocy medycznej
- Czas trwania i progresja zapalenia płuc
- Czynniki wpływające na ciężkość zapalenia płuc
- Potencjalne powikłania zapalenia płuc
- Objawy sugerujące poprawę stanu zdrowia
Objawy zapalenia płuc – charakterystyka ogólna
Zapalenie płuc (pneumonia) to infekcja powodująca stan zapalny pęcherzyków płucnych (alveoli), które wypełniają się płynem lub ropą, co prowadzi do różnorodnych objawów, od łagodnych do zagrażających życiu. Objawy mogą być tak subtelne, że ledwo je zauważymy, lub na tyle poważne, że wymagają hospitalizacji12. Reakcja organizmu na zapalenie płuc zależy od rodzaju patogenu wywołującego infekcję, wieku pacjenta i jego ogólnego stanu zdrowia1.
Do najczęstszych objawów zapalenia płuc należą123:
- Kaszel, który może być produktywny (z odkrztuszaniem plwociny o zabarwieniu zielonkawym, żółtym lub nawet z domieszką krwi)
- Gorączka, pocenie się i dreszcze
- Duszność
- Przyspieszony, płytki oddech
- Ostry lub kłujący ból w klatce piersiowej, nasilający się podczas oddychania lub kaszlu
- Utrata apetytu, niska energia i zmęczenie
- Nudności i wymioty (szczególnie u małych dzieci)
- Splątanie (szczególnie u osób starszych)
W zależności od etiologii zapalenia płuc (bakteryjne, wirusowe, grzybicze) oraz indywidualnych cech pacjenta, objawy mogą się różnić pod względem nasilenia i charakteru14.
Objawy bakteryjnego zapalenia płuc
Bakteryjne zapalenie płuc, będące najczęstszą formą tej choroby, ma tendencję do cięższego przebiegu niż inne typy zapalenia płuc1. Objawy mogą rozwijać się stopniowo lub pojawiać się nagle i obejmują54:
- Wysoką gorączkę (sięgającą nawet 40,55°C lub 105°F)
- Kaszel z żółtą, zieloną lub krwistą plwociną
- Zmęczenie
- Przyspieszony oddech
- Duszność
- Przyspieszony rytm serca
- Pocenie się lub dreszcze
- Ból w klatce piersiowej i/lub brzucha, szczególnie podczas kaszlu lub głębokiego oddychania
- Utratę apetytu
- Sinicę – niebieskawe zabarwienie skóry, warg lub paznokci z powodu niedoboru tlenu
- Splątanie lub zmieniony stan świadomości
Objawy wirusowego zapalenia płuc
Objawy wirusowego zapalenia płuc zazwyczaj rozwijają się w ciągu kilku dni1. Początkowo przypominają objawy grypy56:
- Gorączka
- Suchy kaszel
- Ból głowy
- Bóle mięśniowe
- Znaczne zmęczenie lub osłabienie
W ciągu 1-2 dni objawy zwykle się nasilają, pojawiają się14:
- Nasilający się kaszel
- Duszność
- Bóle mięśniowe
- Wysoka gorączka
- Możliwe zasinienie warg
Etapy rozwoju zapalenia płuc
Bakteryjne zapalenie płuc, szczególnie tzw. płatowe zapalenie płuc (lobar pneumonia), które obejmuje cały płat płuca, przechodzi przez cztery charakterystyczne etapy78. Poniżej opisano przebieg choroby oraz objawy charakterystyczne dla poszczególnych etapów:
Etap 1: Przekrwienie (Congestion)
Pierwszy etap zapalenia płuc, zwany przekrwieniem, występuje w ciągu pierwszych 24 godzin od zakażenia79. Na tym etapie pęcherzyki płucne wypełniają się płynem zawierającym drobnoustroje infekcyjne, obecne są tylko niektóre bakterie i białe krwinki zwalczające infekcję7. Płuca mają zwiększony przepływ krwi i obrzęk dróg oddechowych7.
- Kaszel
- Uczucie ciężkości w klatce piersiowej
- Przyspieszony oddech
- Utratę apetytu
- Zmęczenie
- Wysoką gorączkę z dreszczami
- Hipoksję (w niektórych przypadkach) – niski poziom tlenu w organizmie
Etap 2: Czerwone wątrobowacenie (Red Hepatization)
Drugi etap, zwany czerwonym wątrobowaceniem, występuje około 2-3 dni po rozwinięciu się infekcji i może trwać 2-4 dni811. Nazwa pochodzi od wyglądu płuc, które nabierają czerwonego zabarwienia przypominającego wątrobę, ponieważ czerwone i białe krwinki oraz inne komórki układu odpornościowego napływają do płuc i pęcherzyków płucnych, aby zwalczać infekcję78. W tej fazie objawy zwykle nasilają się, nawet jeśli rozpoczęto leczenie8.
- Kaszel z gęstą, żółto-zieloną, a czasem krwistą plwociną
- Gorączka, dreszcze i dreszcze trzęsące (rigors)
- Ciężka duszność
- Ból głowy
- Bóle mięśniowe
- Sinica
- Skrajne zmęczenie
- Majaczenie u osób starszych
Etap 3: Szare wątrobowacenie (Gray Hepatization)
Trzeci etap zapalenia płuc, zwany szarym wątrobowaceniem, pojawia się około 4-6 dni po rozwinięciu się infekcji i może trwać 4-8 dni811. W tej fazie czerwone krwinki zaczynają się rozpadać, powodując, że płuca przybierają szary kolor, ale pozostają komórki odpornościowe78. Płuca stają się bardziej suche i nadal mają konsystencję podobną do wątroby8.
Podczas szarego wątrobowacenia utrzymują się te same objawy, które występowały w czerwonym wątrobowaceniu, ale mogą być bardziej nasilone810:
- Oddychanie staje się bardziej utrudnione
- Pacjent może wymagać dodatkowego tlenu lub wentylacji mechanicznej
- Napady kaszlu stają się bardziej wyraźne, z domieszką krwi
- Utrata wagi
- Poty nocne
Etap 4: Ustępowanie (Resolution)
Ostatni etap zapalenia płuc, zwany ustępowaniem, charakteryzuje się gojeniem dróg oddechowych i zmniejszeniem częstości i nasilenia objawów8. Podczas tego etapu płyny zapalne i uszkodzone komórki w płucach zaczynają znikać, a drogi oddechowe i pęcherzyki płucne wracają do normalnego stanu7. Zwykle występuje około 8-10 dnia od początku infekcji11.
Oznaki ustępowania zapalenia płuc obejmują812:
- Zmniejszenie produkcji śluzu
- Zmniejszenie kaszlu (chociaż kaszel może utrzymywać się przez tygodnie)
- Brak gorączki i dreszczy
- Poprawa energii
- Mniejszy ból w klatce piersiowej
- Poprawa poziomu tlenu we krwi
- Zmniejszenie duszności
- Mniej bólów głowy
- Mniej nudności, wymiotów lub biegunki
Specyficzne objawy w różnych grupach wiekowych
Zapalenie płuc u dzieci
Objawy zapalenia płuc u dzieci mogą różnić się od objawów u dorosłych i mogą być trudniejsze do rozpoznania113. U dzieci z bakteryjnym zapaleniem płuc objawy zwykle pojawiają się szybko i obejmują wysoką gorączkę oraz przyspieszony oddech, podczas gdy w wirusowym zapaleniu płuc objawy mają tendencję do powolniejszego rozwoju i mogą być łagodniejsze, z charakterystycznym świszczącym oddechem13.
U noworodków i niemowląt zapalenie płuc może nie dawać żadnych wyraźnych objawów lub mogą wystąpić następujące symptomy127:
- Wymioty
- Gorączka
- Kaszel
- Przyspieszony oddech lub świszczący oddech
- Niespokojność, senność
- Zmęczenie i brak energii
U dzieci powyżej 1 roku życia najczęstszymi objawami są gorączka i kaszel14. Inne typowe objawy to1415:
- Nieprawidłowo przyspieszony oddech
- Przekrwienie
- Wymioty, szczególnie po kaszlu
- Ból brzucha
- Zmniejszony apetyt
- Zwiększona drażliwość lub senność
Zapalenie płuc u osób starszych
U osób starszych objawy zapalenia płuc mogą być mniej specyficzne i trudniejsze do zidentyfikowania116. Osoby starsze mogą mieć mniej objawów lub łagodniejsze objawy3. Głównym objawem zapalenia płuc u osób starszych może być zmiana w zdolności myślenia (splątanie lub majaczenie)16.
Charakterystyczne objawy zapalenia płuc u osób starszych to123:
- Splątanie lub nagłe zmiany w stanie psychicznym
- Niższa niż normalna temperatura ciała
- Zmęczenie i ogólne osłabienie
- Możliwy brak gorączki
- Możliwy brak produktywnego kaszlu
U pacjentów z przewlekłą chorobą płuc, wcześniej występujące objawy mogą się nasilić1.
Atypowe zapalenie płuc (walking pneumonia)
Atypowe zapalenie płuc, znane również jako „walking pneumonia” (chodzące zapalenie płuc), jest łagodniejszą formą zapalenia płuc1718. Osoby z tym typem zapalenia płuc mogą mieć objawy tak łagodne, że nawet nie zdają sobie sprawy z choroby18.
Objawy atypowego zapalenia płuc obejmują1719:
- Ból gardła (zapalenie gardła)
- Skrajne zmęczenie
- Ból lub dyskomfort w klatce piersiowej
- Niską gorączkę (mniej niż 38°C lub 101°F)
- Łagodne dreszcze
- Kaszel, często suchy i nasilający się w nocy
- Kichanie
- Ból głowy
- Duszność
- Utratę apetytu
Atypowe zapalenie płuc może trwać od czterech do sześciu tygodni17. Kaszel jest zwykle najdłużej utrzymującym się objawem17.
Kiedy szukać pomocy medycznej
Zapalenie płuc może szybko stać się niebezpieczne, szczególnie u małych dzieci, osób starszych i osób z obniżoną odpornością12. Należy natychmiast skontaktować się z lekarzem, jeśli wystąpią następujące objawy120:
- Trudności w oddychaniu lub nasilająca się duszność
- Sinica – niebieskawe zabarwienie warg i koniuszków palców
- Ból w klatce piersiowej
- Wysoka gorączka (powyżej 38,9°C lub 102°F)
- Kaszel z obfitą plwociną, który jest ciężki lub się nasila
- Splątanie lub majaczenie (szczególnie u osób starszych)
Szczególnie ważne jest uzyskanie pomocy medycznej w przypadku zapalenia płuc, jeśli należysz do grupy wysokiego ryzyka, w tym1:
- Dorośli powyżej 65 roku życia
- Dzieci poniżej 2 roku życia
- Osoby z chorobami współistniejącymi
- Osoby z osłabionym układem odpornościowym
Czas trwania i progresja zapalenia płuc
Czas trwania zapalenia płuc i tempo powrotu do zdrowia zależą od wielu czynników, w tym od typu zapalenia płuc, wieku pacjenta i jego ogólnego stanu zdrowia16.
Czas trwania objawów
Objawy zapalenia płuc mogą rozwijać się nagle w ciągu 24 do 48 godzin lub pojawiać się stopniowo w ciągu kilku dni2122. Większość osób z bakteryjnym zapaleniem płuc leczonych antybiotykami zaczyna odczuwać poprawę i ma mniej objawów po 1-3 dniach19.
Wirusowe zapalenie płuc zazwyczaj poprawia się w ciągu 1-3 tygodni, ale pełne ustąpienie wszystkich objawów może zająć nawet 6-8 tygodni19. U zdrowych osób zapalenie płuc może być łagodną chorobą, która jest ledwo zauważalna i ustępuje w ciągu 2-3 tygodni16.
Czas powrotu do zdrowia
Pełny powrót do zdrowia po zapaleniu płuc może trwać do 3 miesięcy21. U osób starszych i u osób z innymi problemami zdrowotnymi powrót do zdrowia może zająć 6-8 tygodni lub dłużej16.
Objawy takie jak ból w klatce piersiowej, kaszel i duszność mogą stopniowo ustępować w ciągu kilku tygodni12. Chociaż następuje stopniowa poprawa objawów, zmęczenie może utrzymywać się przez około miesiąc12.
Czas powrotu do zdrowia dla osób z łagodnym lub umiarkowanym zapaleniem płuc to zazwyczaj 2-3 tygodnie przy odpowiednim leczeniu23. Ciężkie przypadki mogą wymagać do dwóch miesięcy (i wielu kolejnych miesięcy, aby w pełni odzyskać siły)23.
Typowa progresja objawów
Typowa progresja objawów zapalenia płuc wygląda następująco624:
- Wczesne objawy zapalenia płuc obejmują ból głowy, bóle mięśniowe, gorączkę, zmęczenie i suchy kaszel
- W ciągu kilku dni objawy się nasilają – kaszel staje się bardziej uporczywy
- W miarę postępu choroby pojawia się duszność, wysoka gorączka i kaszel z plwociną (mieszaniną śliny i śluzu)
- U osób z ciężkim zapaleniem płuc może rozwinąć się niebieski lub fioletowy odcień warg lub koniuszków palców, co może wskazywać na niski poziom tlenu (hipoksję)
Powrót do zdrowia postępuje w następujący sposób24:
- Temperatura zaczyna spadać w ciągu 48 godzin od rozpoczęcia antybiotykoterapii
- Temperatura powinna ustąpić w ciągu tygodnia
- Klatka piersiowa powinna czuć się lepiej, a ilość odkrztuszanej plwociny powinna zmniejszyć się w ciągu 4 tygodni
- Kaszel powinien być mniejszy, a oddychanie łatwiejsze w ciągu 6 tygodni
- Zmęczenie może utrzymywać się nawet po 3 miesiącach, ale pozostałe objawy powinny ustąpić
- Powrót do normalnego stanu następuje po 6 miesiącach
Czynniki wpływające na ciężkość zapalenia płuc
Ciężkość zapalenia płuc i czas jego trwania zależą od wielu czynników. Poniżej przedstawiono kluczowe elementy wpływające na przebieg choroby1623:
Wiek pacjenta
Wiek jest istotnym czynnikiem wpływającym na ciężkość zapalenia płuc. Osoby poniżej 5 roku życia oraz powyżej 65 roku życia są bardziej narażone na ciężki przebieg choroby25. U osób starszych zapalenie płuc może szybko stać się stanem zagrażającym życiu2.
Choroby współistniejące
Osoby z chorobami przewlekłymi, takimi jak choroby serca, choroby płuc (np. POChP), cukrzyca lub osłabiony układ odpornościowy, są bardziej narażone na ciężki przebieg zapalenia płuc2526.
Rodzaj patogenu
Typ patogenu wywołującego zapalenie płuc ma znaczący wpływ na ciężkość i czas trwania choroby16. Bakteryjne zapalenie płuc ma tendencję do cięższego przebiegu niż wirusowe, ale zazwyczaj dobrze reaguje na antybiotyki27. Wirusowe zapalenie płuc jest często łagodniejsze i zazwyczaj ustępuje samoistnie w ciągu kilku tygodni25.
Czas rozpoczęcia leczenia
Wczesne rozpoznanie i leczenie zapalenia płuc może znacząco wpłynąć na jego przebieg i zmniejszyć ryzyko powikłań28. Wczesna interwencja może zapobiec rozprzestrzenieniu się infekcji i rozwojowi poważnych powikłań, takich jak niewydolność oddechowa28.
Potencjalne powikłania zapalenia płuc
Zapalenie płuc może prowadzić do różnych powikłań, szczególnie u osób z grup wysokiego ryzyka. Potencjalne powikłania obejmują2930:
- Niewydolność oddechowa – zapalenie płuc może wywołać zespół ostrej niewydolności oddechowej (ARDS), który wynika z połączenia infekcji i reakcji zapalnej. Płuca szybko wypełniają się płynem i stają się sztywne, co w połączeniu z poważnymi trudnościami w pobieraniu tlenu może wymagać długotrwałej wentylacji mechanicznej29.
- Wysięk opłucnowy – gromadzenie się płynu między warstwami tkanki wyściełającej płuca i klatkę piersiową31.
- Ropień płuca – tworzenie się jamy wypełnionej ropą w płucu31.
- Sepsa – zapalenie płuc jest również najczęstszą przyczyną sepsy, bardzo poważnego stanu, który może prowadzić do śmierci. Sepsa występuje, gdy układ odpornościowy nadmiernie reaguje na infekcję30.
Osoby należące do grup wysokiego ryzyka, szczególnie osoby starsze, małe dzieci i osoby z osłabionym układem odpornościowym, powinny być szczególnie czujne i szukać natychmiastowej pomocy medycznej w przypadku podejrzenia zapalenia płuc, aby zapobiec tym poważnym powikłaniom1.
Objawy sugerujące poprawę stanu zdrowia
Istnieje kilka oznak wskazujących, że zapalenie płuc ustępuje. Obejmują one812:
- Zmniejszenie częstotliwości i nasilenia kaszlu
- Mniejsza produkcja plwociny
- Ustąpienie gorączki i dreszczy
- Poprawa poziomu energii
- Zmniejszenie bólu w klatce piersiowej, szczególnie podczas oddychania lub kaszlu
- Poprawa poziomu tlenu we krwi
- Zmniejszenie duszności
- Ustąpienie bólów głowy
- Mniej dolegliwości żołądkowo-jelitowych, takich jak nudności, wymioty lub biegunka
Większość osób z bakteryjnym zapaleniem płuc rozpoczyna odczuwać poprawę w ciągu 24-48 godzin od rozpoczęcia leczenia5. Poprawa może nastąpić po kilku dniach leczenia wirusowego zapalenia płuc5. Niektóre objawy, takie jak kaszel i zmęczenie, mogą utrzymywać się przez kilka tygodni5.
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Materiały źródłowe
- #1 Pneumonia Symptoms and Diagnosis | American Lung Associationhttps://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/pneumonia/symptoms-and-diagnosis
Pneumonia is an infection that inflames your lungs’ air sacs (alveoli). The air sacs may fill up with fluid or pus, causing symptoms such as a cough, fever, chills and trouble breathing. […] Pneumonia symptoms can vary from so mild you barely notice them, to so severe that hospitalization is required. How your body responds to pneumonia depends on the type germ causing the infection, your age and your overall health. […] The signs and symptoms of pneumonia may include: Cough, which may produce greenish, yellow or even bloody mucus; Fever, sweating and shaking chills; Shortness of breath; Rapid, shallow breathing; Sharp or stabbing chest pain that gets worse when you breathe deeply or cough; Loss of appetite, low energy, and fatigue; Nausea and vomiting, especially in small children; Confusion, especially in older people.
- #1 Pneumonia Symptoms and Diagnosis | American Lung Associationhttps://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/pneumonia/symptoms-and-diagnosis
Bacterial pneumonia, which is the most common form, tends to be more serious than other types of pneumonia, with symptoms that require medical care. The symptoms of bacterial pneumonia can develop gradually or suddenly. Fever may rise as high as a dangerous 105 degrees F, with profuse sweating and rapidly increased breathing and pulse rate. Lips and nailbeds may have a bluish color due to lack of oxygen in the blood. A patient’s mental state may be confused or delirious. […] The symptoms of viral pneumonia usually develop over a period of several days. Early symptoms are similar to influenza symptoms: fever, a dry cough, headache, muscle pain, and weakness. Within a day or two, the symptoms typically get worse, with increasing cough, shortness of breath and muscle pain. There may be a high fever and there may be blueness of the lips.
- #1 Pneumonia Symptoms and Diagnosis | American Lung Associationhttps://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/pneumonia/symptoms-and-diagnosis
Symptoms may vary in certain populations. Newborns and infants may not show any signs of the infection. Or, they may vomit, have a fever and cough, or appear restless, sick, or tired and without energy. Older adults and people who have serious illnesses or weak immune systems may have fewer and milder symptoms. They may even have a lower than normal temperature. Older adults who have pneumonia sometimes have sudden changes in mental awareness. For individuals that already have a chronic lung disease, those symptoms may worsen. […] If you think you or your child has symptoms of pneumonia, don’t wait for the disease to get even worse before you seek care. Call your doctor. And see your doctor right away if you have difficulty breathing, develop a bluish color in your lips and fingertips, have chest pain, a high fever, or a cough with mucus that is severe or is getting worse.
- #1 Pneumonia Symptoms and Diagnosis | American Lung Associationhttps://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/pneumonia/symptoms-and-diagnosis
It’s especially important to get medical attention for pneumonia if you are in a high-risk group, including adults older than age 65, children age two or younger, people with an underlying health condition or weakened immune system. For some of these vulnerable individuals, pneumonia can quickly become a life-threatening condition.
- #2 Pneumonia – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pneumonia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354204
Most pneumonia occurs when a breakdown in your body’s natural defenses allows germs to invade and multiply within your lungs. To destroy the attacking organisms, white blood cells rapidly accumulate. Along with bacteria and fungi, they fill the air sacs within your lungs (alveoli). Breathing may be labored. A classic sign of bacterial pneumonia is a cough that produces thick, blood-tinged or yellowish-greenish sputum with pus. […] Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs. The air sacs may fill with fluid or pus (purulent material), causing cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing. A variety of organisms, including bacteria, viruses and fungi, can cause pneumonia. […] The signs and symptoms of pneumonia vary from mild to severe, depending on factors such as the type of germ causing the infection, and your age and overall health. Mild signs and symptoms often are similar to those of a cold or flu, but they last longer.
- #2 Pneumonia – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pneumonia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354204
Signs and symptoms of pneumonia may include: Chest pain when you breathe or cough, Confusion or changes in mental awareness (in adults age 65 and older), Cough, which may produce phlegm, Fatigue, Fever, sweating and shaking chills, Lower than normal body temperature (in adults older than age 65 and people with weak immune systems), Nausea, vomiting or diarrhea, Shortness of breath. […] Newborns and infants may not show any sign of the infection. Or they may vomit, have a fever and cough, appear restless or tired and without energy, or have difficulty breathing and eating. […] For some older adults and people with heart failure or chronic lung problems, pneumonia can quickly become a life-threatening condition.
- #3 Pneumonia | Pneumonia Symptoms | Signs of Pneumonia | MedlinePlushttps://medlineplus.gov/pneumonia.html
Pneumonia is an infection in one or both of your lungs. It causes the air sacs of your lungs to fill up with fluid or pus. Pneumonia can range from mild to severe, depending on what caused it, your age, and your overall health. […] The symptoms of pneumonia can range from mild to severe and include: Fever, Chills, Cough, usually with phlegm (a type of thick mucus made in your lungs), Shortness of breath, Chest pain when you breathe or cough, Nausea and/or vomiting, Diarrhea. […] Older adults and people who have serious illnesses or weak immune systems may have fewer and milder symptoms. They may even have a lower-than-normal temperature. Older adults who have pneumonia sometimes may feel weak or suddenly get confused. […] Treatment for pneumonia depends on the type of pneumonia, which germ is causing it, and how severe it is.
- #4 Pneumonia Symptoms and Warning Signshttps://www.webmd.com/lung/understanding-pneumonia-symptoms
Pneumonia symptoms can range from mild to serious, depending on whats causing the illness and how healthy you are in general. They can include: High fever, up to 105 F […] A cough is a common symptom of pneumonia. And you may also cough up mucus that’s greenish, yellow, or bloody. […] When bacteria are the cause, the illness can come on either slowly or quickly. It tends to be more serious than other types. You may have a high fever, sweat a lot, breathe faster, and have a faster pulse. Your lips and nailbeds could also turn a bluish color from a loss of oxygen in your blood, and you may feel confused or delirious. […] When a virus causes pneumonia, you’re more likely to notice symptoms over several days. Early signs, such as fever, dry cough, headache, and weakness, will look like the flu but get worse in a day or two. You’ll cough more and have shortness of breath and muscle pain. You could also have a high fever and blue lips.
- #5 Pneumonia: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatmenthttps://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4471-pneumonia
Pneumonia is inflammation and fluid in your lungs caused by a bacterial, viral or fungal infection. It makes it difficult to breathe and can cause a fever and cough with yellow, green or bloody mucus. […] Symptoms of pneumonia include high fever, cough, fatigue, shortness of breath, sweating or chills, rapid heartrate and more. You won’t necessarily have all the symptoms of pneumonia. Symptoms may be different in young children and older adults. […] Symptoms of bacterial pneumonia can develop gradually or suddenly. Symptoms include: High fever (up to 105 F or 40.55 C). Cough with yellow, green or bloody mucus. Tiredness (fatigue). Rapid breathing. Shortness of breath. Rapid heart rate. Sweating or chills. Chest pain and/or abdominal pain, especially with coughing or deep breathing. Loss of appetite. Bluish skin, lips or nails (cyanosis). Confusion or altered mental state.
- #5 Pneumonia: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatmenthttps://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4471-pneumonia
Symptoms of viral pneumonia usually develop over several days. You might have symptoms similar to bacterial pneumonia or you might additionally have: Dry cough. Headache. Muscle pain. Extreme tiredness or weakness. […] Pneumonia can develop when your immune system attacks an infection in the small sacs of your lung (alveoli). This causes your lungs to swell and leak fluids. […] If you’re otherwise healthy, most symptoms of bacterial pneumonia usually begin to improve within 24 to 48 hours after starting treatment. You might start to feel better after a few days of treatment for viral pneumonia. Some symptoms, like cough and fatigue, may linger for several weeks. […] If you have a severe case of pneumonia or complications, you may need to stay in the hospital for treatment. You’re more likely to be hospitalized for pneumonia if you’re: Under age 2 or over age 65. Have a weakened immune system. Have health conditions that affect your heart and lungs.
- #6 Pneumonia: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment – Harvard Healthhttps://www.health.harvard.edu/topics/pneumonia
Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that can make it hard for the oxygen you breathe to get into your bloodstream. […] The symptoms of pneumonia can range from mild to severe, and include cough, fever, chills, and trouble breathing. […] Early symptoms of pneumonia include headache, muscle pain, fever, fatigue, and dry cough. Within a few days, symptoms worsen. Coughing becomes more persistent. […] As the disease progresses, shortness of breath, a high fever, and a cough with sputum (a mixture of saliva and mucus) can occur. […] Older adults can experience confusion and fatigue. People with severe pneumonia may develop a blue or purple tint of their lips or fingertips. Symptoms like these may indicate low oxygen levels (hypoxia) and should prompt urgent medical attention.
- #7 Pneumonia: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterianhttps://www.nyp.org/primary-care/pneumonia
Older adults and people with severe illnesses or weak immune systems may have other symptoms, including: Low body temperature (lower than normal), Confusion or sudden changes in mental alertness. […] Bacterial pneumonia, the most common type of pneumonia, has four stages. The four stages are: Stage 1 congestion. In the first 24 hours of infection, only some bacteria and white blood cells to fight infection are present. The lungs may have increased blood flow and swelling to the airways. Early symptoms are coughing and fatigue. Stage 2 red hepatization. Bacteria multiply white and red blood cells in the airways and air-sacs (alveoli) give the lungs a red appearance. Symptoms may get worse than before. Stage 3 gray hepatization. Damaged red blood cells in the lungs give the lungs a gray color. Symptoms continue to be present. Stage 4 resolution. Inflammatory fluids and damaged cells in the lungs start to disappear and normal airways and air-sacs are returning to their normal state. Pneumonia symptoms improve and patients begin to feel better.
- #7 Pneumonia: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterianhttps://www.nyp.org/primary-care/pneumonia
Pneumonia can affect one or both lungs, and the symptoms include cough, fever, trouble breathing, and fatigue. Symptoms can be mild and go away without treatment, but sometimes they are severe and may require hospitalization. […] Symptoms of pneumonia can be mild or more serious. Some people feel better, and their milder symptoms go away after one to two weeks. Most people, though, experience symptoms for a month or longer before they can return to their usual routine. […] Pneumonia symptoms include: Cough, often with phlegm, Fever, Shortness of breath, Chills, Sweating, Fatigue, Chest pain, Loss of appetite, Blueness of the lips and nailbeds. […] The symptoms can be different for people of different ages: Newborns, infants, and children under the age of 5, may sometimes have no symptoms, but some may have: High fever, Cough, Fast breathing or wheezing, Vomit, Fatigue, Restlessness.
- #8 The 4 Stages of Pneumonia and Their Symptomshttps://www.verywellhealth.com/4-stages-of-pneumonia-5181033
A bout of pneumonia happens in four stages: congestion, red hepatization, grey hepatization, and resolution. The names of each stage refer to how the infection progresses over time. […] The initial congestion stage is characterized by a wet cough, chest pain, and fever. Symptoms usually worsen in the hepatization stages, and you may have difficulty breathing. The infection typically resolves within one to two weeks. […] The congestion stage of pneumonia may start suddenly or gradually. Symptoms may be especially severe when pneumonia develops as a complication of another infection, such as influenza or COVID-19. […] Symptoms in the congestion stage may include: Coughing, which may produce sputum that is clear, yellow, or green; High fever and chills; Chest pressure or heaviness; Sharp chest pain that worsens with deep breaths (pleuritic chest pain); Shortness of breath; Headache; Loss of appetite; Muscle aches (myalgia); Joint aches (arthralgia); Fatigue; Nausea; Vomiting; Diarrhea.
- #8 The 4 Stages of Pneumonia and Their Symptomshttps://www.verywellhealth.com/4-stages-of-pneumonia-5181033
After the initial 24 hours, symptoms of pneumonia may worsen as red blood cells and other immune cells rush to the lungs and alveoli to fight the infection. This stage, known as red hepatization, occurs about two to three days after the infection develops. […] During red hepatization, symptoms are usually more severe even if treatment has been started. These can include: Coughing that produces thick, yellow-green, and sometimes blood-stained phlegm; Fever, chills, and rigors (violent shivering); Severe shortness of breath; Headache; Muscle aches; Cyanosis; Extreme fatigue. […] The third stage of pneumonia, known as grey hepatization, sets in about four to six days after the infection develops. During this stage, red blood cells begin to break up, causing the lungs to become greyish in color. The lungs will become drier and continue to have a liver-like consistency.
- #8 The 4 Stages of Pneumonia and Their Symptomshttps://www.verywellhealth.com/4-stages-of-pneumonia-5181033
During grey hepatization, many of the same symptoms experienced in red hepatization will persist. Breathing may become especially difficult, necessitating additional oxygen therapy or mechanical ventilation. […] The final stage of pneumonia, known as resolution, is characterized by the healing of the airways and a decrease in the frequency and severity of symptoms. Signs that pneumonia is improving may include: Less mucus production; Reduced coughing (although the cough may linger for weeks); No fever or chills; Improved energy; Less chest pain; Improved blood oxygen levels; Less shortness of breath; Fewer headaches; Less nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea. […] Most people with pneumonia start to feel better within a few days of starting treatment with antibiotics. It is a good sign that you are recovering if your temperature returns to normal within seven days. You should be coughing less, breathing better, and feeling less chest pressure as time goes on.
- #9 What are the 4 Stages of Pneumonia? | LifeMDhttps://lifemd.com/learn/what-are-the-4-stages-of-pneumonia
Pneumonia is a respiratory illness that affects around 1.5 million Americans each year. It causes inflammation and infection of the lungs, often resulting in a chronic cough and breathing difficulties. […] Pneumonia contributes to inflammation and other symptoms like: Coughing, Fever, Chills, Trouble breathing, Chest pain. […] When you contract pneumonia, the condition develops over four stages. Understanding the different stages can help you and your doctor determine how serious your condition is and help guide treatment. […] During the first stage of pneumonia, the lungs become heavily congested due to the buildup of fluid that has accumulated in the alveoli. You may experience early symptoms that include the following: Coughing, A feeling of heaviness in the chest, Rapid breathing, Loss of appetite, Fatigue.
- #10https://alwaysbestcare.com/resources/pneumonia-stages/
Pneumonia symptoms might get worse after the first 24 hours, as red blood cells and other immune cells rush to the lungs and alveoli to fight the infection. […] In the congestion stage, you may notice a few symptoms like: A high fever with chills, Coughing that can bring up clear, yellow, or green sputum, Loss of appetite, Pressure or heaviness in the chest, Shortness of breath, Hypoxia (in some cases), also known as low oxygen levels in the body. […] In the red hepatization phase, symptoms often get more intense, and you may experience: Severe shortness of breath, Extreme fatigue, Coughing up thick, yellow-green, and sometimes blood-stained phlegm, High fever, chills, and violent shivering known as rigors, Delirium in elderly individuals, Cyanosis a condition in which your skin or lips turn a bluish color due to lack of oxygen.
- #10https://alwaysbestcare.com/resources/pneumonia-stages/
During grey hepatization, you’ll likely experience more intense symptoms than those you had during the red hepatization stage: Breathing becomes more difficult, Patients may need more oxygen or even mechanical ventilation, Coughing fits also become more evident with traces of blood, Weight loss, Night sweats. […] Symptoms of the condition getting better include: Less coughing fits, Higher energy levels, Better breathing.
- #11https://healthmatch.io/pneumonia/4-stages-of-pneumonia
Possible symptoms during the congestion stage include: Congestion, Fever, Tiredness, A wet cough with sputum, Chest pain, A heavy feeling in the chest. […] The second stage of pneumonia occurs around two to three days after the infection develops. It usually lasts between two to four days. […] Possible symptoms of the red hepatization stage include: Feeling tired as your body works to fight the infection, Producing less sputum during coughing, Shortness of breath. […] The third stage of pneumonia usually happens on days four to six of infection, lasting four to eight days. […] You’ll typically feel worse during this stage, but treatment can continue to help. […] The final stage of pneumonia occurs between days eight to ten. […] You’ll typically start to feel better and have more energy as the immune cells clear the infection. […] As pneumonia progresses, it has four stages: Congestion, red hepatization, gray hepatization, and resolution. You’ll typically feel worse during the first three stages before feeling better during the final stage when the immune cells clear the infection.
- #12 Signs that pneumonia is improving: What to look for and morehttps://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/signs-that-pneumonia-is-improving
Signs that pneumonia is improving include, less frequent coughing and shortness of breath. […] The severity of a persons symptoms can depend on the cause of pneumonia, their overall health status, and their age. It may take a person several weeks to recover from the condition. […] As pneumonia improves, a persons symptoms may decrease in frequency and severity. […] Signs that pneumonia is improving may include the following: less mucus production, reduced coughing, no fever or chills, improved energy levels, less chest pain, especially when breathing or coughing, improved oxygen levels in the blood when a person measures them with a pulse oximeter, less shortness of breath, reduced headaches, less gastrointestinal upset, such as nausea and vomiting or diarrhea. […] The recovery timeline for people with pneumonia varies.
- #12 Signs that pneumonia is improving: What to look for and morehttps://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/signs-that-pneumonia-is-improving
Symptoms, such as chest pain, cough, and shortness of breath, may gradually improve in a few weeks. […] Although an improvement in symptoms gradually occurs, a person may continue to feel tired for about a month. […] Each persons timeline for recovery from the condition is different. Usually, symptoms last for a few weeks. But in some cases, it may take a month or more before a person fully recovers.
- #13 Pneumonia In Children | Children’s Hospital Coloradohttps://www.childrenscolorado.org/conditions-and-advice/conditions-and-symptoms/conditions/pneumonia/
Pneumonia is an infection in the lungs that develops in people who have a viral, bacterial or fungal infection. […] Pneumonia in children often begins after theyâve caught a respiratory virus such as adenovirus, rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) or parainfluenza virus. […] Symptoms of pneumonia in infants and children vary depending on the age of the child and what’s causing the pneumonia. Kids with bacterial pneumonia usually get sick quickly and have a high fever and rapid breathing. Viral pneumonia symptoms tend to appear more slowly and may be less severe. Wheezing is more common in viral pneumonia. […] The length of time between when your child is exposed to the germ that causes illness and when they feel sick from pneumonia (called the incubation time) varies. If a child develops pneumonia from a cold caused by RSV, symptoms will start in 4 to 6 days. With the flu virus, symptoms can start after just 18 to 72 hours.
- #14 Pneumonia in Children: Symptoms, Causes & Treatments | Adahttps://ada.com/conditions/pediatric-pneumonia/
Once a baby is over a month old, then the most noticeable symptom of pneumonia is likely to be coughing. All of the symptoms that affect newborns will possibly be present too, although grunting becomes less common as the baby grows older. Other pneumonia symptoms observed in babies of this age include: Congestion, the feeling that the chest is full or clogged, Wheezing or heavy breathing, Fever, particularly during pneumonia caused by bacterial infection. […] Fever and cough are the most common symptoms for children over a year old. Other typical symptoms include: Abnormally rapid breathing, Congestion, Vomiting, particularly following coughing. […] Fever and coughing remain the most common signs of pneumonia in children of school age. They might also complain of the following symptoms: Chest pain, Tiredness, Vague stomach pain.
- #15 Blog | What Are the Symptoms of Pneumonia? | Reid Healthhttps://www.reidhealth.org/blog/what-are-the-symptoms-of-pneumonia
Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that causes cough, fever and trouble breathing, among other symptoms. […] Not everyone feels the same when they have pneumonia, but there are core signs you can look out for, such as feeling like you’re out of breath, generally feeling tired or sleepy and sharp, stabbing chest pain. […] Pain or tightness in the chest that worsens with coughing or breathing […] Cough with phlegm […] Feeling suddenly worse after having a cold or the flu […] High fever […] Nausea […] Diarrhea […] Shaking chills […] Shortness of breath […] Vomiting. […] When children have pneumonia, they can experience the same symptoms as adults including high fever, cough, difficulty breathing and pain in the chest, but they may also complain of stomach pain, ear pain, have a decreased appetite and be more tired or irritable than usual.
- #16 Pneumonia | HealthLink BChttps://www.healthlinkbc.ca/healthwise/pneumonia
Older adults may have different, fewer, or milder symptoms. They may not have a fever. Or they may have a cough but not bring up mucus. The main sign of pneumonia in older adults may be a change in how well they think (confusion or delirium). Or, if they already have a lung disease, that disease may get worse. […] After you’ve been infected with pneumonia, symptoms usually develop within a few days to sometimes over a week. The infection can grow in the lungs and cause shortness of breath, cough, and fever. […] How severe pneumonia is and how long it lasts depends on many factors. These include your age, the type of pneumonia (bacterial or viral), and your overall health. […] In healthy people, pneumonia can be a mild illness that is hardly noticed and clears up in 2 to 3 weeks. In older adults and in people with other health problems, recovery may take 6 to 8 weeks or longer. […] If you have severe pneumonia, you may have to go to the hospital.
- #17 Walking Pneumonia: What Is It, Causes, Symptoms & Treatmenthttps://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15744-pneumonia-atypical-walking-pneumonia
Walking pneumonia symptoms include: Sore throat (pharyngitis). Extreme tiredness (fatigue). Chest pain or discomfort. Low-grade fever (less than 101 degrees Fahrenheit or 38 degrees Celsius). Mild chills. Cough. Sneezing. Headache. […] Walking pneumonia may last from four to six weeks. A cough is usually the longest-lasting walking pneumonia symptom. […] The outlook for most people who have walking pneumonia is good. Many people start to feel better after a few days on antibiotics and rest. However, a cough may continue for weeks or even months.
- #18 Many with walking pneumonia donât realize theyâre sick | UCLA Healthhttps://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/many-with-walking-pneumonia-dont-realize-theyre-sick
Walking pneumonia is a term that is often used to describe a mild case of pneumonia. The medical term is atypical pneumonia. […] The potential causes and physical symptoms of atypical pneumonia and regular pneumonia are basically the same. The difference between the two lies in the degree of illness. Someone with walking pneumonia can have symptoms that are so mild, they may not even realize that they are ill. […] In regular pneumonia, symptoms typically include fever, chills, pain or pressure when coughing, a wheezing sound when breathing in, shortness of breath, and fatigue or exhaustion. In so-called walking pneumonia, the major physical symptoms are either milder or, in some cases, not present at all. […] Despite being a milder illness, walking pneumonia is serious. Its crucial to see a doctor and follow their treatment plan. Most people begin to feel better several days into their course of antibiotics; however, its important to be patient and take it easy. Full recovery can take up to a month or more.
- #19 Pneumonia Symptoms and Causeshttps://www.everydayhealth.com/pneumonia/guide/symptoms/
Bacterial pneumonias tend to be more serious, with more noticeable symptoms than other types of pneumonia. […] The first sign of hospital-acquired pneumonia may be mental confusion in older adults. Other symptoms include: fever or chills, a cough with greenish phlegm, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, chest pain, shortness of breath, and decreased blood pressure. […] According to the Cleveland Clinic, a mild case of bacterial pneumonia, often called walking pneumonia, features symptoms similar to the common cold, including: Persistent dry cough that often gets worse at night, Low-grade fever, Shortness of breath, Fatigue or tiredness, Chest pain that gets worse when you take a deep breath or cough, Loss of appetite. […] At first, the symptoms of viral pneumonia may be similar to symptoms often associated with the flu, except you may experience a dry cough that does not produce phlegm. You may also develop a fever and headache.
- #19 Pneumonia Symptoms and Causeshttps://www.everydayhealth.com/pneumonia/guide/symptoms/
But within a couple of days, these symptoms typically get worse. […] If you have trouble breathing, don’t wait for an office visit with your doctor; go to the emergency room right away. […] If left untreated, pneumonia can become severe. […] People with severe pneumonia experience higher fevers along with GI symptoms, such as vomiting and diarrhea, as well as: Difficulty breathing, Excessive sweating, Rapid breathing, Rapid heart rate, Bluish tint to lips and nails from a lack of oxygen in the blood. […] Older people may also become confused or less aware of what’s going on around them if they develop pneumonia. Rather than a fever, their temperatures might be lower than normal, and they may have milder or fewer symptoms. Even so, a serious infection may still be brewing that requires medical attention.
- #20 Pneumonia: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatmenthttps://www.webmd.com/lung/understanding-pneumonia-basics
If you have trouble breathing, coughing that doesn’t stop, chest pain, or a fever of 102 F or higher, see your doctor. […] Babies with pneumonia may not show any symptoms. But they could seem tired or restless. They might also have a cough, fever, vomiting, or trouble breathing. It also may be hard for them to eat. […] Bacterial pneumonia has four stages: Stage 1, congestion. In the first day or hours of infection, you may have coughing and fatigue. Stage 2, red hepatization. Your symptoms worsen. Your lungs may look red in lab tests. Stage 3, gray hepatization. Your lungs take on a grayish color. You still have pneumonia symptoms. Stage 4, resolution. As your airways get back to normal, your symptoms ease and you begin feeling better.
- #21 Pneumonia | NHS informhttps://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/lungs-and-airways/pneumonia/
The symptoms of pneumonia can develop suddenly over 24 to 48 hours, or they may come on more slowly over several days. […] If you have breathlessness which is not improving […] you have had a cough for more than 3 weeks […] your symptoms are not improving or they are affecting your daily life. […] Full recovery from pneumonia can take up to 3 months. […] You may need treatment in hospital if your symptoms are severe. […] In very serious cases of pneumonia, breathing assistance through a ventilator in a high dependency unit (HDU) or an intensive care unit (ICU) may be required.
- #22 Pneumoniahttps://www.nhs.uk/conditions/pneumonia/
Symptoms of pneumonia can start suddenly or gradually over a few days. […] They include: a cough you may cough up yellow or green mucus (phlegm), shortness of breath, a high temperature, chest pain, an aching body, feeling very tired, loss of appetite, making wheezing noises when you breathe babies may also make grunting noises, feeling confused this is common in older people. […] Most people get better in 2 to 4 weeks, but babies, older people, and people with heart or lung conditions are at risk of getting seriously ill and may need treatment in hospital.
- #23 How Long Does Pneumonia Last? Recovery Timelinehttps://www.verywellhealth.com/pneumonia-recovery-5179462
Pneumonia is an infection that causes the inflammation of the air sacs of the lung, called alveoli. When this happens, the air sacs will fill with fluid or pus, causing coughing, fever, chills, and trouble breathing. […] The recovery time can vary based on whether the infection is mild, moderate, or severe. […] With timely treatment, people with mild to moderate pneumonia can often feel better and return to work within a couple of weeks. […] On the other hand, people with severe pneumonia (especially older adults) may up to take 60 days to recover and up to six months to fully regain strength after being hospitalized. […] Most mild to moderate cases of pneumonia will last two to three weeks with the appropriate treatment. Severe cases may take up to two months (and many more months thereafter to fully regain your strength). […] Factors that can extend recovery times include being over 65, having chronic medical conditions, being immunocompromised, and smoking.
- #24 Pneumonia and what to expect after dischargehttps://www.gloshospitals.nhs.uk/your-visit/patient-information-leaflets/pneumonia-and-what-to-expect-after-discharge-ghpi1645/
Pneumonia is inflammation of the lung tissue, usually caused by infection with bacteria or viruses. […] Sometimes people are more unwell and need a period of treatment in hospital. In severe infections, pneumonia can be life-threatening. […] Your symptoms should start to improve 2 to 3 days after starting treatment. Most people need a 5 to 7 day course of antibiotics, but may not need to stay in hospital for the whole course. […] You should expect that: your temperature begins to settle within 48 hours of starting antibiotics. your temperature should be gone within a week. your chest should feel better and you should be producing less phlegm within 4 weeks. you should be coughing less and finding it easier to breathe within 6 weeks. you may still feel tired after 3 months but the rest of your symptoms should have improved. you feel back to normal at 6 months.
- #25 What Causes Pneumonia? | American Lung Associationhttps://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/pneumonia/what-causes-pneumonia
Pneumonia Symptoms and Diagnosis […] Pneumonia is typically classified by where you got it and what pathogen (bacteria, virus, or fungi) caused it. […] Bacterial pneumonia can occur on its own or develop after you’ve had a virus like the cold, flu, COVID-19 or RSV. […] Those at greatest risk for bacterial pneumonia include people recovering from surgery, people with chronic respiratory disease or viral infection, children younger than 5, older adults and people who have weakened immune systems. […] Mycoplasma pneumoniae can cause walking pneumonia. […] People who have pneumonia caused by M. pneumoniae often have milder illness than you would think for someone with a lung infection. […] Infection from respiratory viruses like the influenza (flu) virus, SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and human metapneumovirus (HMPV) can cause pneumonia.
- #25 What Causes Pneumonia? | American Lung Associationhttps://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/pneumonia/what-causes-pneumonia
Most viral pneumonias are not serious and last a shorter time than bacterial pneumonia. […] Fungal infections are a much less common cause of pneumonia when compared to bacteria and viruses. […] Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a rare, serious fungal lung infection caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii. […] Pneumococcal pneumonia can disrupt your life for weeks.
- #26 Pneumonia symptoms, causes and treatment | HealthPartners Bloghttps://www.healthpartners.com/blog/pneumonia-symptoms-treatment/
Most people get better from pneumonia in about 2-4 weeks. However, certain people are more susceptible to becoming seriously ill. The following groups have the most risk of catching pneumonia and may require more intensive pneumonia treatment at the hospital: People over 65, Children under 2, Pregnant women, Smokers, People with underlying health conditions, like asthma, diabetes, lung disease or heart disease, People with weakened immune systems, including those with an autoimmune disease, HIV/AIDS or people undergoing chemotherapy.
- #27 How to Spot Pneumonia Symptoms | Pulmonologist & Critical Care Medicine Specialists located in Allen, Mckinney and Plano, TX | Fivestar Pulmonary Associateshttps://www.fivestarpulm.com/post/how-to-spot-pneumonia-symptoms
If you suspect you have pneumonia, expert evaluation and an accurate diagnosis are key for getting the individualized treatment you need to get better and protect your health. […] Although viral pneumonia is often mild and typically goes away on its own within a few weeks, bacterial pneumonia tends to be more severe and requires a course of antibiotics to clear the underlying cause of infection in your lungs.
- #28 What to Do If Your Pneumonia Symptoms Worsenhttps://expresserwaco.com/blog/what-to-do-if-your-pneumonia-symptoms-worsen/
Your cough may change in ways that suggest the pneumonia is getting more severe: […] Chest discomfort may become more pronounced: […] This is especially important for older adults: […] An overwhelming sense of tiredness can mean your body is struggling: […] Though less common, these can also indicate worsening pneumonia: […] If you have other medical issues, pneumonia can make them worse: […] Additional symptoms that require immediate medical care include: […] Early intervention can prevent the infection from causing serious complications like respiratory failure or spreading to other organs. […] Pneumonia is a critical disease; however, recognizing the indicators of deteriorating symptoms and knowing when to seek assistance may be pivotal. Heed the warning indications; your health relies on prompt intervention.
- #29 Pneumonia – Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumonia
Pneumonia frequently starts as an upper respiratory tract infection that moves into the lower respiratory tract. It is a type of pneumonitis (lung inflammation). The progress of pneumonia is determined by the virulence of the organism; the amount of organism required to start an infection; and the body’s immune response against the infection. […] Pneumonia can cause respiratory failure by triggering acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which results from a combination of infection and inflammatory response. The lungs quickly fill with fluid and become stiff. This stiffness, combined with severe difficulties extracting oxygen due to the alveolar fluid, may require long periods of mechanical ventilation for survival.
- #30 Pneumonia Symptoms and Treatment | UPMC Infectious Diseasehttps://www.upmc.com/services/division-infectious-diseases/conditions/pneumonia
Cough, sputum production, fevers, and chills are all common symptoms of pneumonia. […] Symptoms of pneumonia include: Cough. Sputum production. Fever or chills. Shortness of breath. Chest pain or tightness. Muscle aches. Not feeling hungry. Rapid breathing or trouble breathing. Rapid heartbeat. […] If people with pneumonia don’t receive treatment, many will form complications and some may even die. […] Pneumonia is also the most common cause of sepsis, a very serious condition that can cause death. Sepsis occurs when the immune system overreacts to an infection. […] If you have many pneumonia symptoms, you should go to an ER or urgent care as soon as possible. […] Your doctor will also do some tests. The most helpful is an x-ray of your chest. If your chest x-ray shows swelling or fluid in your lungs, that may mean you have pneumonia.
- #31 Multifocal Pneumonia: Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment | Orlando | UCF Healthhttps://ucfhealth.com/our-services/primary-care/multifocal-pneumonia/
Complications in multifocal pneumonia can significantly influence the course of the disease, impacting treatment strategies and patient outcomes. […] Pleural effusions and abscess formation are potential complications of multifocal pneumonia, especially in cases where the infection is severe or hasn’t been treated properly. […] Radiological tests often show ground-glass opacities and nodules in people with multifocal pneumonia, indicating inflammation and infection in the lungs. […] Understanding how to manage multifocal pneumonia is crucial for dealing with its complexities and getting the best outcomes for patients. Different ways to treat this respiratory condition include: […] Treating multifocal pneumonia often means using both antiviral and antibacterial medications to fight the germs causing the infection. […] Supporting the immune system helps manage multifocal pneumonia, especially in people with other health problems. […] Vaccines that protect against common germs that cause pneumonia, like Streptococcus pneumoniae and the flu, can make infections less likely to happen and less severe if they do.