Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Trichotillomania – Psychiatric Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/obsessive-compulsive-and-related-disorders/trichotillomania

  Trichotillomania is characterized by recurrent pulling out of one’s hair resulting in hair loss. […] Patients with hair-pulling disorder try to stop pulling their hair out or to pull less often, but they are unable to do so. […] Diagnostic criteria for trichotillomania typically include the following: Removing hair, resulting in hair loss; Making repeated attempts to decrease or stop the hair pulling; Experiencing significant distress or impairment in functioning from the activity. […] While alopecia has a range of causes, individuals with trichotillomania typically volunteer that their alopecia is due to hair-pulling. […] In trichotillomania, hair pulling is not triggered by obsessions or concerns about appearance but may be preceded by a feeling of tension or anxiety that is relieved by the hair pulling, often followed by a feeling of gratification.

• #2 Trichotillomania: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1071854-overview

  Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) is characterized by the persistent and excessive pulling of ones own hair, resulting in noticeable hair loss. […] Trichotillomania must be differentiated clinically from other alopecias (eg, alopecia areata, traction alopecia, androgenetic alopecia, pseudopelade, alopecia mucinosa) through careful history-taking and physical examination. […] The American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) placed trichotillomania in the category of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders and noted that it is characterized by recurrent body-focused repetitive behavior (hair pulling) and repeated attempts to decrease or stop the behavior. […] The specific DSM-5 criteria for trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) are as follows: Recurrent pulling out of ones hair, resulting in hair loss; Repeated attempts to decrease or stop the hair-pulling behavior; The hair pulling causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning; The hair pulling or hair loss cannot be attributed to another medical condition (eg, a dermatologic condition); The hair pulling cannot be better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder (eg, attempts to improve a perceived defect or flaw in appearance, such as may be observed in body dysmorphic disorder).

• #3 Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management of Trichotillomania

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4143797/

  Trichotillomania (Hair Pulling Disorder) is listed in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Fifth Edition (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013) under the new category of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders. […] The current diagnostic system for TTM requires five criteria. […] Criterion A requires that the person purposefully remove hair from any region of the body. […] Criteria B and C require the individual to have attempted to decrease or stop pulling and that the pulling causes significant distress or impairment in at least one important area of functioning, respectively. […] Criteria D and E are used to differentiate the main features of trichotillomania with other medical and psychological conditions that might explain hair pulling or alopecia.

• #4 Trichotillomania: Diagnosis and Treatment | CARLAT PUBLISHING

  https://www.thecarlatreport.com/articles/4215-trichotillomania-diagnosis-and-treatment

  Trichotillomania (TTM) is a disorder that seems to lurk in the shadows. […] DSM-5 changed the classification of TTM from an impulse control disorder to an OCD spectrum disorder (along with hoarding, skin picking or excoriation, and body dysmorphic disorder), but its diagnostic resting place is far from settled. […] Hair-pulling is probably more common than you think, and when it causes distress or impairment, a diagnosis of TTM is likely.

• #5 What Is Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder)? – Promises Behavioral Health

  https://www.promises.com/addiction-blog/what-is-trichotillomania-hair-pulling-disorder/

  Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) is a mental health condition that centers on a compulsive desire to pull out the hair that grows in various body areas. […] The guidelines currently used in the fifth edition of the manual (DSM 5) are the same as the guidelines contained in the manuals fourth edition (DSM IV). In order to qualify for a diagnosis, a person must repeatedly engage in hair-pulling behaviors that produce an obvious loss of hair. He or she must also experience a building sense of mental strain prior to pulling out hair, or alternately, must feel the same building sensation while actively trying to avoid pulling out hair. In addition, in the immediate aftermath of a hair-pulling episode, the affected individual must feel a reduction in mental strain that manifests as noticeable relief or pleasure. Finally, the presence of trichotillomania must interfere with a persons ability to participate fully in everyday life, or produce significant mental discomfort outside of hair-pulling episodes. […] DSM 5 removes trichotillomania from the impulse-control category and places it with a newly formed group of conditions known as obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.

• #6 Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/trichotillomania/symptoms-causes/syc-20355188

  Trichotillomania (trik-o-til-o-MAY-nee-uh), also called hair-pulling disorder, is a mental health condition. […] Trichotillomania is part of a group of conditions known as body-focused repetitive behaviors. […] Trichotillomania is not just a bad habit, it’s a mental health condition. It’s not likely to get better without treatment. […] The cause of trichotillomania is not clear. But like many complex disorders, trichotillomania likely results from a combination of genetic and learned factors. […] Trichotillomania usually develops just before or during the early teens most often between the ages of 10 and 13 years. […] Other conditions, such as depression, anxiety or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may occur along with trichotillomania. […] If you can’t stop pulling out your hair or you feel embarrassed or ashamed by your appearance as a result, talk to your health care provider.

• #7 Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/trichotillomania/symptoms-causes/syc-20355188

  Trichotillomania (trik-o-til-o-MAY-nee-uh), also called hair-pulling disorder, is a mental health condition. […] Trichotillomania is part of a group of conditions known as body-focused repetitive behaviors. […] Trichotillomania is not just a bad habit, it’s a mental health condition. It’s not likely to get better without treatment. […] The cause of trichotillomania is not clear. But like many complex disorders, trichotillomania likely results from a combination of genetic and learned factors. […] Trichotillomania usually develops just before or during the early teens most often between the ages of 10 and 13 years. […] Other conditions, such as depression, anxiety or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may occur along with trichotillomania. […] If you can’t stop pulling out your hair or you feel embarrassed or ashamed by your appearance as a result, talk to your health care provider.

• #8 Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) – Burman & Zuckerbrod Ophthalmology Associates

  https://www.2020detroit.com/trichotillomania-hair-pulling-disorder/

  Trichotillomania (trik-o-til-o-MAY-nee-uh), also called hair-pulling disorder, is a mental disorder that involves recurrent, irresistible urges to pull out hair from your scalp, eyebrows or other areas of your body, despite trying to stop. […] An evaluation to determine if you have trichotillomania may include: Examining how much hair loss you have, Asking questions and discussing your hair loss with you, Eliminating other possible causes of hair pulling or hair loss through testing determined by your doctor, Identifying any physical or mental health problems that may be associated with hair pulling, Using the diagnostic criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association. […] Trichotillomania is not just a bad habit, its a mental health disorder, and its unlikely to get better without treatment.

• #9 Trichotillomania: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1071854-overview

  Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) is characterized by the persistent and excessive pulling of ones own hair, resulting in noticeable hair loss. […] Trichotillomania must be differentiated clinically from other alopecias (eg, alopecia areata, traction alopecia, androgenetic alopecia, pseudopelade, alopecia mucinosa) through careful history-taking and physical examination. […] The American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) placed trichotillomania in the category of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders and noted that it is characterized by recurrent body-focused repetitive behavior (hair pulling) and repeated attempts to decrease or stop the behavior. […] The specific DSM-5 criteria for trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) are as follows: Recurrent pulling out of ones hair, resulting in hair loss; Repeated attempts to decrease or stop the hair-pulling behavior; The hair pulling causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning; The hair pulling or hair loss cannot be attributed to another medical condition (eg, a dermatologic condition); The hair pulling cannot be better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder (eg, attempts to improve a perceived defect or flaw in appearance, such as may be observed in body dysmorphic disorder).

• #10 Clinical Classification of Trichotillomania | OCD-UK

  https://www.ocduk.org/related-disorders/trichotillomania/clinical-classification-of-trichotillomania/

  In terms of the actual diagnostic criteria the DSM-5 lists the following: A. Recurrent pulling out of ones hair, resulting in hair loss. B. Repeated attempts to decrease or stop hair pulling. C. The hair pulling causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. D. The hair pulling or hair loss is not attributable to another medical condition (e.g., a dermatological condition). E. The hair pulling is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder (e.g., attempts to improve a perceived defect or flaw in appearance in body dysmorphic disorder). […] The essential feature of trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) is the recurrent pulling out of ones own hair (Criterion A). Hair pulling may occur from any region of the body in which hair grows; the most common sites are the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelids, while less common sites are axillary, facial, pubic, and peri-rectal regions.

• #11 Trichotillomania: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1071854-overview

  Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) is characterized by the persistent and excessive pulling of ones own hair, resulting in noticeable hair loss. […] Trichotillomania must be differentiated clinically from other alopecias (eg, alopecia areata, traction alopecia, androgenetic alopecia, pseudopelade, alopecia mucinosa) through careful history-taking and physical examination. […] The American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) placed trichotillomania in the category of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders and noted that it is characterized by recurrent body-focused repetitive behavior (hair pulling) and repeated attempts to decrease or stop the behavior. […] The specific DSM-5 criteria for trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) are as follows: Recurrent pulling out of ones hair, resulting in hair loss; Repeated attempts to decrease or stop the hair-pulling behavior; The hair pulling causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning; The hair pulling or hair loss cannot be attributed to another medical condition (eg, a dermatologic condition); The hair pulling cannot be better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder (eg, attempts to improve a perceived defect or flaw in appearance, such as may be observed in body dysmorphic disorder).

• #12 Clinical Classification of Trichotillomania | OCD-UK

  https://www.ocduk.org/related-disorders/trichotillomania/clinical-classification-of-trichotillomania/

  In terms of the actual diagnostic criteria the DSM-5 lists the following: A. Recurrent pulling out of ones hair, resulting in hair loss. B. Repeated attempts to decrease or stop hair pulling. C. The hair pulling causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. D. The hair pulling or hair loss is not attributable to another medical condition (e.g., a dermatological condition). E. The hair pulling is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder (e.g., attempts to improve a perceived defect or flaw in appearance in body dysmorphic disorder). […] The essential feature of trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) is the recurrent pulling out of ones own hair (Criterion A). Hair pulling may occur from any region of the body in which hair grows; the most common sites are the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelids, while less common sites are axillary, facial, pubic, and peri-rectal regions.

• #13 Trichotillomania – PsychDB

  https://www.psychdb.com/ocd/trichotillomania

  Trichotillomania (also known as hair-pulling disorder) is an obsessive-compulsive and related disorder characterized by a long term, irresistible urge to pull out one’s hair. The hair pulling occurs to the degree that significant hair loss occurs. […] DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria include: Recurrent pulling out of one’s hair, resulting in hair loss; Repeated attempts to decrease or stop hair pulling; The hair pulling causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning; The hair pulling or hair loss is not attributable to another medical condition; The hair pulling is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder. […] Hair pulling may be accompanied by a range of behaviours or rituals involving hair such as searching for a particular kind of hair to pull, pulling out hair in a specific way, or visually examining or manipulating the hair after it has been pulled. […] Patterns of hair loss are highly variable in trichotillomania. Areas of complete alopecia, as well as areas of thinned hair density, are common. […] Skin biopsy and dermoscopy can allow clinicians to differentiate trichotillomania from other causes of alopecia.

• #14 Clinical Classification of Trichotillomania | OCD-UK

  https://www.ocduk.org/related-disorders/trichotillomania/clinical-classification-of-trichotillomania/

  In terms of the actual diagnostic criteria the DSM-5 lists the following: A. Recurrent pulling out of ones hair, resulting in hair loss. B. Repeated attempts to decrease or stop hair pulling. C. The hair pulling causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. D. The hair pulling or hair loss is not attributable to another medical condition (e.g., a dermatological condition). E. The hair pulling is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder (e.g., attempts to improve a perceived defect or flaw in appearance in body dysmorphic disorder). […] The essential feature of trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) is the recurrent pulling out of ones own hair (Criterion A). Hair pulling may occur from any region of the body in which hair grows; the most common sites are the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelids, while less common sites are axillary, facial, pubic, and peri-rectal regions.

• #15 Clinical Classification of Trichotillomania | OCD-UK

  https://www.ocduk.org/related-disorders/trichotillomania/clinical-classification-of-trichotillomania/

  Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) […] When working with patients, health professionals often refer to clinical diagnostic manuals to better understand the patients illness and potential treatment. […] At present it states the following diagnostic criteria for Trichotillomania (F63.3): A disorder characterized by noticeable hair-loss due to a recurrent failure to resist impulses to pull out hairs. The hair-pulling is usually preceded by mounting tension and is followed by a sense of relief or gratification. This diagnosis should not be made if there is a pre-existing inflammation of the skin, or if the hair-pulling is in response to a delusion or a hallucination. […] At present it states the following diagnostic criteria for Trichotillomania (6B25.0): Trichotillomania is characterized by recurrent pulling of ones own hair leading to significant hair loss, accompanied by unsuccessful attempts to decrease or stop the behaviour. Hair pulling may occur from any region of the body in which hair grows but the most common sites are the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelids. Hair pulling may occur in brief episodes scattered throughout the day or in less frequent but more sustained periods. The symptoms result in significant distress or significant impairment in personal, family, social, educational, occupational or other important areas of functioning.

• #16 Trichotillomania – PsychDB

  https://www.psychdb.com/ocd/trichotillomania

  Trichotillomania (also known as hair-pulling disorder) is an obsessive-compulsive and related disorder characterized by a long term, irresistible urge to pull out one’s hair. The hair pulling occurs to the degree that significant hair loss occurs. […] DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria include: Recurrent pulling out of one’s hair, resulting in hair loss; Repeated attempts to decrease or stop hair pulling; The hair pulling causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning; The hair pulling or hair loss is not attributable to another medical condition; The hair pulling is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder. […] Hair pulling may be accompanied by a range of behaviours or rituals involving hair such as searching for a particular kind of hair to pull, pulling out hair in a specific way, or visually examining or manipulating the hair after it has been pulled. […] Patterns of hair loss are highly variable in trichotillomania. Areas of complete alopecia, as well as areas of thinned hair density, are common. […] Skin biopsy and dermoscopy can allow clinicians to differentiate trichotillomania from other causes of alopecia.

• #17 Trichotillomania – Psychiatric Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/obsessive-compulsive-and-related-disorders/trichotillomania

  Patients with trichotillomania try to stop pulling their hair out or to do it less often, but they cannot. […] Treat using cognitive-behavioral therapy that is tailored to treat specific trichotillomania symptoms (specifically habit reversal training) and possibly an SSRI or clomipramine, N-acetylcysteine, or memantine.

• #18 Clinical Classification of Trichotillomania | OCD-UK

  https://www.ocduk.org/related-disorders/trichotillomania/clinical-classification-of-trichotillomania/

  In terms of the actual diagnostic criteria the DSM-5 lists the following: A. Recurrent pulling out of ones hair, resulting in hair loss. B. Repeated attempts to decrease or stop hair pulling. C. The hair pulling causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. D. The hair pulling or hair loss is not attributable to another medical condition (e.g., a dermatological condition). E. The hair pulling is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder (e.g., attempts to improve a perceived defect or flaw in appearance in body dysmorphic disorder). […] The essential feature of trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) is the recurrent pulling out of ones own hair (Criterion A). Hair pulling may occur from any region of the body in which hair grows; the most common sites are the scalp, eyebrows, and eyelids, while less common sites are axillary, facial, pubic, and peri-rectal regions.

• #19 Trichotillomania & Hair Pulling Disorder: Causes & Treatment

  https://civashairtransplant.com/trichotillomania-hair-pulling-disorder/

  Assessing the frequency and intensity of hair pulling, as well as understanding the emotional triggers and patterns, contributes to a more accurate diagnosis. […] Trichotillomania shares similarities with other conditions, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and body-focused repetitive behaviors (BFRBs). A careful evaluation helps differentiate trichotillomania from these disorders, ensuring that the treatment plan addresses the specific features of this complex condition. […] Collaboration with specialists, including dermatologists and other healthcare professionals, should be part of the diagnostic process to rule out other potential causes of hair loss.

• #20 Trichotillomania: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1071854-overview

  Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) is characterized by the persistent and excessive pulling of ones own hair, resulting in noticeable hair loss. […] Trichotillomania must be differentiated clinically from other alopecias (eg, alopecia areata, traction alopecia, androgenetic alopecia, pseudopelade, alopecia mucinosa) through careful history-taking and physical examination. […] The American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) placed trichotillomania in the category of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders and noted that it is characterized by recurrent body-focused repetitive behavior (hair pulling) and repeated attempts to decrease or stop the behavior. […] The specific DSM-5 criteria for trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) are as follows: Recurrent pulling out of ones hair, resulting in hair loss; Repeated attempts to decrease or stop the hair-pulling behavior; The hair pulling causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning; The hair pulling or hair loss cannot be attributed to another medical condition (eg, a dermatologic condition); The hair pulling cannot be better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder (eg, attempts to improve a perceived defect or flaw in appearance, such as may be observed in body dysmorphic disorder).

• #21 Clinical Classification of Trichotillomania | OCD-UK

  https://www.ocduk.org/related-disorders/trichotillomania/clinical-classification-of-trichotillomania/

  Criterion C indicates that hair pulling causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. […] Most individuals with trichotillomania admit to hair pulling; thus, dermatopathological diagnosis is rarely required. Skin biopsy and dermoscopy (or trichoscopy) of trichotillomania are able to differentiate the disorder from other causes of alopecia. […] Trichotillomania is associated with distress as well as with social and occupational impairment.

• #22 Trichotillomania Hair-Pulling Disorder Treatment Facility Near Me- A Mission For Michael

  https://amfmtreatment.com/what-we-treat/obsessive-compulsive/trichotillomania/

  Trichotillomania, also known as hair pulling disorder, is a mental health condition that is known for causing intense urges to pull out hair. Repetitive hair pulling can lead to noticeable hair loss, which can increase emotional distress. Common areas that are affected with this condition include the scalp, eyebrows, eyelashes, and in some cases, pubic hair. […] This condition often develops in response to anxiety and stress, where you may feel as though you have little control. Trichotillomania can lead to a variety of emotions including shame, guilt, embarrassment, and frustration. This is an individualized condition with variations in symptoms. As an example, some may experience relief after engaging in hair pulling, whereas others experience emotional discomfort. These behaviors can occur consciously to cope with distress, or subconsciously during moments of boredom.

• #23 Trichotillomania: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1071854-overview

  Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) is characterized by the persistent and excessive pulling of ones own hair, resulting in noticeable hair loss. […] Trichotillomania must be differentiated clinically from other alopecias (eg, alopecia areata, traction alopecia, androgenetic alopecia, pseudopelade, alopecia mucinosa) through careful history-taking and physical examination. […] The American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) placed trichotillomania in the category of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders and noted that it is characterized by recurrent body-focused repetitive behavior (hair pulling) and repeated attempts to decrease or stop the behavior. […] The specific DSM-5 criteria for trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) are as follows: Recurrent pulling out of ones hair, resulting in hair loss; Repeated attempts to decrease or stop the hair-pulling behavior; The hair pulling causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning; The hair pulling or hair loss cannot be attributed to another medical condition (eg, a dermatologic condition); The hair pulling cannot be better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder (eg, attempts to improve a perceived defect or flaw in appearance, such as may be observed in body dysmorphic disorder).

• #24 Trichotillomania – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichotillomania

  Patients may be ashamed or actively attempt to disguise their symptoms. This can make diagnosis difficult as symptoms are not always immediately obvious, or have been deliberately hidden to avoid disclosure. […] If the patient admits to hair pulling, diagnosis is not difficult; if patients deny hair pulling, a differential diagnosis must be pursued. […] The differential diagnosis will include evaluation for alopecia areata, iron deficiency, hypothyroidism, tinea capitis, traction alopecia, alopecia mucinosa, thallium poisoning, and loose anagen syndrome. […] In trichotillomania, a hair pull test is negative. […] A biopsy can be performed and may be helpful; it reveals traumatized hair follicles with perifollicular hemorrhage, fragmented hair in the dermis, empty follicles, and deformed hair shafts. Multiple catagen hairs are typically seen. An alternative technique to biopsy, particularly for children, is to shave a part of the involved area and observe for regrowth of normal hairs.

• #25 Trichotillomania: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1071854-overview

  Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) is characterized by the persistent and excessive pulling of ones own hair, resulting in noticeable hair loss. […] Trichotillomania must be differentiated clinically from other alopecias (eg, alopecia areata, traction alopecia, androgenetic alopecia, pseudopelade, alopecia mucinosa) through careful history-taking and physical examination. […] The American Psychiatric Associations Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) placed trichotillomania in the category of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders and noted that it is characterized by recurrent body-focused repetitive behavior (hair pulling) and repeated attempts to decrease or stop the behavior. […] The specific DSM-5 criteria for trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) are as follows: Recurrent pulling out of ones hair, resulting in hair loss; Repeated attempts to decrease or stop the hair-pulling behavior; The hair pulling causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning; The hair pulling or hair loss cannot be attributed to another medical condition (eg, a dermatologic condition); The hair pulling cannot be better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder (eg, attempts to improve a perceived defect or flaw in appearance, such as may be observed in body dysmorphic disorder).

• #26 Trichotillomania: Types, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment and More

  https://www.health.com/trichotillomania-overview-7373797

  Diagnosis of trichotillomania is based on a psychiatric evaluation by a mental health provider such as a psychiatrist or therapist, as well as a physical examination. For the psychiatric evaluation, your provider may use a variety of questionnaires and other tools to ask you about your experience. […] Specifically, they must identify that all of the following are true to make a trichotillomania diagnosis: You are removing hair from a part of your body. You have tried to stop or decrease removing your hair. You are experiencing significant distress or functional impairment as a result of your hair removal. Your hair loss cannot be caused by another medical condition, such as alopecia. Your hair loss is not better explained by another mental disorder. […] Because trichotillomania is a rare and largely misunderstood condition, misdiagnosis is common, with many people receiving diagnoses for OCD, anxiety, body dysmorphic disorder, or a substance use disorder.

• #27 Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management of Trichotillomania

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4143797/

  Diagnosis clearly starts with a thorough clinical interview and functional assessment. […] Building a comprehensive understanding of how hair pulling functions for the individual is paramount, particularly in consideration of the diverse phenomenology and behavioral heterogeneity of the disorder. […] Additionally, a physical examination of pulling sites and alopecia is recommended in order to differentiate TTM with unrelated dermatological and medical conditions. […] As discussed, there are several useful measures for diagnosing the disorder, determining the severity of the symptoms, assessing functioning impairment, and tracking treatment progress.

• #28 Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management of Trichotillomania

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4143797/

  Diagnosis clearly starts with a thorough clinical interview and functional assessment. […] Building a comprehensive understanding of how hair pulling functions for the individual is paramount, particularly in consideration of the diverse phenomenology and behavioral heterogeneity of the disorder. […] Additionally, a physical examination of pulling sites and alopecia is recommended in order to differentiate TTM with unrelated dermatological and medical conditions. […] As discussed, there are several useful measures for diagnosing the disorder, determining the severity of the symptoms, assessing functioning impairment, and tracking treatment progress.

• #29 Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/trichotillomania/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355193

  To diagnose trichotillomania, you’ll likely start by having a physical exam. You may then be referred to a mental health professional with experience in treating trichotillomania. Diagnosing trichotillomania may include: […] Examining your hair loss. […] Checking for possible medical causes of your hair loss. This may include lab tests. […] Talking with you about hair loss, including your behaviors and emotions related to pulling out your hair. […] Identifying any physical or mental health conditions that may occur along with pulling out your hair. […] Your provider may refer you to a mental health professional with experience in diagnosing and treating trichotillomania. […] How do you find out if I have this condition? […] What treatments do you recommend? […] Have you had treatment, such as therapy or medicine, for hair pulling or other emotional issues?

• #30 Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management of Trichotillomania

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4143797/

  Diagnosis clearly starts with a thorough clinical interview and functional assessment. […] Building a comprehensive understanding of how hair pulling functions for the individual is paramount, particularly in consideration of the diverse phenomenology and behavioral heterogeneity of the disorder. […] Additionally, a physical examination of pulling sites and alopecia is recommended in order to differentiate TTM with unrelated dermatological and medical conditions. […] As discussed, there are several useful measures for diagnosing the disorder, determining the severity of the symptoms, assessing functioning impairment, and tracking treatment progress.

• #31 Trichotillomania: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/trichotillomania

  Your doctor or mental health care professional can diagnose you with trichotillomania based on your symptoms. There are no specific tests for it, but your doctor will ask you questions about your habits, stress levels, and experiences pulling your hair. They’ll check to make sure you don’t have other conditions that could cause pulling or hair loss. […] Doctors use a guidebook called the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth edition (DSM-5), to diagnose mental health conditions, including trichotillomania. According to the DSM-5, people with trichotillomania have these five things in common: You pull your hair out. You have tried to stop yourself from pulling but couldn’t resist the urge. You feel distressed or upset about pulling or it has negative effects on your life or self-esteem. Your pulling isn’t caused by another medical issue. Your pulling isn’t caused by another mental health issue.

• #32 Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management of Trichotillomania

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4143797/

  Diagnosis clearly starts with a thorough clinical interview and functional assessment. […] Building a comprehensive understanding of how hair pulling functions for the individual is paramount, particularly in consideration of the diverse phenomenology and behavioral heterogeneity of the disorder. […] Additionally, a physical examination of pulling sites and alopecia is recommended in order to differentiate TTM with unrelated dermatological and medical conditions. […] As discussed, there are several useful measures for diagnosing the disorder, determining the severity of the symptoms, assessing functioning impairment, and tracking treatment progress.

• #33

  https://step2.medbullets.com/psychiatry/122033/trichotillomania-hair-pulling-disorder

  A 17-year-old female with a history of generalized anxiety disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder presents to the psychiatry clinic with hair loss. During her final exam period, she started pulling out her hair. She now has several large patches of hair loss and states that pulling out her hair relieves her stress. […] Subclassified under obsessive compulsive and related disorders (DSM V) […] Symptoms: recurrent, repetitive, intentional pulling out of one’s hair causing visible hair loss […] tension experienced immediately before the pulling behavior – pleasure or relief occurs afterwards […] causes significant distress and impairment in daily functioning […] disturbance is not better accounted for by another mental disorder […] Diagnosis: History to obtain symptoms listed above […] physical examination useful in documenting hair loss.

• #34 Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/trichotillomania/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355193

  To diagnose trichotillomania, you’ll likely start by having a physical exam. You may then be referred to a mental health professional with experience in treating trichotillomania. Diagnosing trichotillomania may include: […] Examining your hair loss. […] Checking for possible medical causes of your hair loss. This may include lab tests. […] Talking with you about hair loss, including your behaviors and emotions related to pulling out your hair. […] Identifying any physical or mental health conditions that may occur along with pulling out your hair. […] Your provider may refer you to a mental health professional with experience in diagnosing and treating trichotillomania. […] How do you find out if I have this condition? […] What treatments do you recommend? […] Have you had treatment, such as therapy or medicine, for hair pulling or other emotional issues?

• #35 Trichotillomania – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichotillomania

  Patients may be ashamed or actively attempt to disguise their symptoms. This can make diagnosis difficult as symptoms are not always immediately obvious, or have been deliberately hidden to avoid disclosure. […] If the patient admits to hair pulling, diagnosis is not difficult; if patients deny hair pulling, a differential diagnosis must be pursued. […] The differential diagnosis will include evaluation for alopecia areata, iron deficiency, hypothyroidism, tinea capitis, traction alopecia, alopecia mucinosa, thallium poisoning, and loose anagen syndrome. […] In trichotillomania, a hair pull test is negative. […] A biopsy can be performed and may be helpful; it reveals traumatized hair follicles with perifollicular hemorrhage, fragmented hair in the dermis, empty follicles, and deformed hair shafts. Multiple catagen hairs are typically seen. An alternative technique to biopsy, particularly for children, is to shave a part of the involved area and observe for regrowth of normal hairs.

• #36 Trichotillomania – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichotillomania

  Patients may be ashamed or actively attempt to disguise their symptoms. This can make diagnosis difficult as symptoms are not always immediately obvious, or have been deliberately hidden to avoid disclosure. […] If the patient admits to hair pulling, diagnosis is not difficult; if patients deny hair pulling, a differential diagnosis must be pursued. […] The differential diagnosis will include evaluation for alopecia areata, iron deficiency, hypothyroidism, tinea capitis, traction alopecia, alopecia mucinosa, thallium poisoning, and loose anagen syndrome. […] In trichotillomania, a hair pull test is negative. […] A biopsy can be performed and may be helpful; it reveals traumatized hair follicles with perifollicular hemorrhage, fragmented hair in the dermis, empty follicles, and deformed hair shafts. Multiple catagen hairs are typically seen. An alternative technique to biopsy, particularly for children, is to shave a part of the involved area and observe for regrowth of normal hairs.

• #37 Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/trichotillomania/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355193

  To diagnose trichotillomania, you’ll likely start by having a physical exam. You may then be referred to a mental health professional with experience in treating trichotillomania. Diagnosing trichotillomania may include: […] Examining your hair loss. […] Checking for possible medical causes of your hair loss. This may include lab tests. […] Talking with you about hair loss, including your behaviors and emotions related to pulling out your hair. […] Identifying any physical or mental health conditions that may occur along with pulling out your hair. […] Your provider may refer you to a mental health professional with experience in diagnosing and treating trichotillomania. […] How do you find out if I have this condition? […] What treatments do you recommend? […] Have you had treatment, such as therapy or medicine, for hair pulling or other emotional issues?

• #38 Trichotillomania – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichotillomania

  Patients may be ashamed or actively attempt to disguise their symptoms. This can make diagnosis difficult as symptoms are not always immediately obvious, or have been deliberately hidden to avoid disclosure. […] If the patient admits to hair pulling, diagnosis is not difficult; if patients deny hair pulling, a differential diagnosis must be pursued. […] The differential diagnosis will include evaluation for alopecia areata, iron deficiency, hypothyroidism, tinea capitis, traction alopecia, alopecia mucinosa, thallium poisoning, and loose anagen syndrome. […] In trichotillomania, a hair pull test is negative. […] A biopsy can be performed and may be helpful; it reveals traumatized hair follicles with perifollicular hemorrhage, fragmented hair in the dermis, empty follicles, and deformed hair shafts. Multiple catagen hairs are typically seen. An alternative technique to biopsy, particularly for children, is to shave a part of the involved area and observe for regrowth of normal hairs.

• #39 Trichotillomania – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichotillomania

  Patients may be ashamed or actively attempt to disguise their symptoms. This can make diagnosis difficult as symptoms are not always immediately obvious, or have been deliberately hidden to avoid disclosure. […] If the patient admits to hair pulling, diagnosis is not difficult; if patients deny hair pulling, a differential diagnosis must be pursued. […] The differential diagnosis will include evaluation for alopecia areata, iron deficiency, hypothyroidism, tinea capitis, traction alopecia, alopecia mucinosa, thallium poisoning, and loose anagen syndrome. […] In trichotillomania, a hair pull test is negative. […] A biopsy can be performed and may be helpful; it reveals traumatized hair follicles with perifollicular hemorrhage, fragmented hair in the dermis, empty follicles, and deformed hair shafts. Multiple catagen hairs are typically seen. An alternative technique to biopsy, particularly for children, is to shave a part of the involved area and observe for regrowth of normal hairs.

• #40 Trichotillomania – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichotillomania

  Patients may be ashamed or actively attempt to disguise their symptoms. This can make diagnosis difficult as symptoms are not always immediately obvious, or have been deliberately hidden to avoid disclosure. […] If the patient admits to hair pulling, diagnosis is not difficult; if patients deny hair pulling, a differential diagnosis must be pursued. […] The differential diagnosis will include evaluation for alopecia areata, iron deficiency, hypothyroidism, tinea capitis, traction alopecia, alopecia mucinosa, thallium poisoning, and loose anagen syndrome. […] In trichotillomania, a hair pull test is negative. […] A biopsy can be performed and may be helpful; it reveals traumatized hair follicles with perifollicular hemorrhage, fragmented hair in the dermis, empty follicles, and deformed hair shafts. Multiple catagen hairs are typically seen. An alternative technique to biopsy, particularly for children, is to shave a part of the involved area and observe for regrowth of normal hairs.

• #41 Trichotillomania – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichotillomania

  Patients may be ashamed or actively attempt to disguise their symptoms. This can make diagnosis difficult as symptoms are not always immediately obvious, or have been deliberately hidden to avoid disclosure. […] If the patient admits to hair pulling, diagnosis is not difficult; if patients deny hair pulling, a differential diagnosis must be pursued. […] The differential diagnosis will include evaluation for alopecia areata, iron deficiency, hypothyroidism, tinea capitis, traction alopecia, alopecia mucinosa, thallium poisoning, and loose anagen syndrome. […] In trichotillomania, a hair pull test is negative. […] A biopsy can be performed and may be helpful; it reveals traumatized hair follicles with perifollicular hemorrhage, fragmented hair in the dermis, empty follicles, and deformed hair shafts. Multiple catagen hairs are typically seen. An alternative technique to biopsy, particularly for children, is to shave a part of the involved area and observe for regrowth of normal hairs.

• #42 Clinical Classification of Trichotillomania | OCD-UK

  https://www.ocduk.org/related-disorders/trichotillomania/clinical-classification-of-trichotillomania/

  Criterion C indicates that hair pulling causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. […] Most individuals with trichotillomania admit to hair pulling; thus, dermatopathological diagnosis is rarely required. Skin biopsy and dermoscopy (or trichoscopy) of trichotillomania are able to differentiate the disorder from other causes of alopecia. […] Trichotillomania is associated with distress as well as with social and occupational impairment.

• #43 Trichotillomania – PsychDB

  https://www.psychdb.com/ocd/trichotillomania

  Trichotillomania (also known as hair-pulling disorder) is an obsessive-compulsive and related disorder characterized by a long term, irresistible urge to pull out one’s hair. The hair pulling occurs to the degree that significant hair loss occurs. […] DSM-5 Diagnostic Criteria include: Recurrent pulling out of one’s hair, resulting in hair loss; Repeated attempts to decrease or stop hair pulling; The hair pulling causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning; The hair pulling or hair loss is not attributable to another medical condition; The hair pulling is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder. […] Hair pulling may be accompanied by a range of behaviours or rituals involving hair such as searching for a particular kind of hair to pull, pulling out hair in a specific way, or visually examining or manipulating the hair after it has been pulled. […] Patterns of hair loss are highly variable in trichotillomania. Areas of complete alopecia, as well as areas of thinned hair density, are common. […] Skin biopsy and dermoscopy can allow clinicians to differentiate trichotillomania from other causes of alopecia.

• #44 Trichotillomania: Types, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment and More

  https://www.health.com/trichotillomania-overview-7373797

  Diagnosis of trichotillomania is based on a psychiatric evaluation by a mental health provider such as a psychiatrist or therapist, as well as a physical examination. For the psychiatric evaluation, your provider may use a variety of questionnaires and other tools to ask you about your experience. […] Specifically, they must identify that all of the following are true to make a trichotillomania diagnosis: You are removing hair from a part of your body. You have tried to stop or decrease removing your hair. You are experiencing significant distress or functional impairment as a result of your hair removal. Your hair loss cannot be caused by another medical condition, such as alopecia. Your hair loss is not better explained by another mental disorder. […] Because trichotillomania is a rare and largely misunderstood condition, misdiagnosis is common, with many people receiving diagnoses for OCD, anxiety, body dysmorphic disorder, or a substance use disorder.

• #45 Trichotillomania: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/anxiety-panic/trichotillomania

  Your doctor or mental health care professional can diagnose you with trichotillomania based on your symptoms. There are no specific tests for it, but your doctor will ask you questions about your habits, stress levels, and experiences pulling your hair. They’ll check to make sure you don’t have other conditions that could cause pulling or hair loss. […] Doctors use a guidebook called the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth edition (DSM-5), to diagnose mental health conditions, including trichotillomania. According to the DSM-5, people with trichotillomania have these five things in common: You pull your hair out. You have tried to stop yourself from pulling but couldn’t resist the urge. You feel distressed or upset about pulling or it has negative effects on your life or self-esteem. Your pulling isn’t caused by another medical issue. Your pulling isn’t caused by another mental health issue.

• #46 Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder)

  https://www.mymlc.com/health-information/diseases-and-conditions/t/trichotillomania-hair-pulling-disorder/?section=Diagnosis

  Trichotillomania (trik-o-til-o-MAY-nee-uh), also called hair-pulling disorder, is a mental disorder that involves recurrent, irresistible urges to pull out hair from your scalp, eyebrows or other areas of your body, despite trying to stop. […] An evaluation to determine if you have trichotillomania may include: Examining how much hair loss you have, Asking questions and discussing your hair loss with you, Eliminating other possible causes of hair pulling or hair loss through testing determined by your doctor, Identifying any physical or mental health problems that may be associated with hair pulling, Using the diagnostic criteria in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association.

• #47 Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder) DSM-5 312. 39 (F63.2)

  https://www.theravive.com/therapedia/trichotillomania-(hair–pulling-disorder)-dsm–5-312.-39-(f63.2)

  An individual displaying the symptoms or trichotillomania will usually be given a thorough psychiatric assessment to ensure diagnosis is accurate and to identify any co-occurring disorders. They will also receive a medical evaluation if they admit to ingesting the hair. […] A diagnostic questionnaire may be used incorporating the National Institute of Mental Health Trichotillomania Severity Scale (NIMH-TSS) and the National Institute of Mental Health Trichotillomania Impairment Scale (NIMH-TIS). Photographs of the pulling sites may also be used to gauge severity.

• #48 Trichotillomania | Hair Pulling Disorder – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment & Complications

  https://www.medindia.net/health/conditions/trichotillomania-or-hair-pulling-disorder.htm

  Diagnosis is essentially based upon good clinical practices, such as an accurate assessment of patients in order to gather information for planning treatment and to evaluate changes in severity of symptoms. […] Briefly, a diagnosis of trichotillomania can be considered if the following are present: Repeated hair pulling results in noticeable hair loss; Feeling of anxiety or distress just before pulling out the hair or trying to resist the behavior; Sense of relief and pleasure when pulling out the hair; No other obvious mental or medical condition found to explain the symptoms; Socially impacts the life of the person. […] There are several diagnostic approaches that are currently used to diagnose and evaluate the condition of patients suffering from TTM. All these are based upon a set of questionnaires that are given to the patients to fill-up. These questionnaires are aimed at assessing the mental state of the patients with reference to the disorder. Based upon the patients responses, the doctor makes a diagnosis. Besides these questionnaires, photographic evidence is also gathered. These diagnostic approaches are listed below: Trichotillomania Diagnostic Interview (TDI); National Institute of Mental Health Trichotillomania Severity Scale (NIMH-TSS); Massachusetts General Hospital Hair pulling Symptom Severity Scale (MGH-HS); Milwaukee Inventory of Subtypes of Trichotillomania (MIST); Premonitory Urge Scale (PUS) or Premonitory Urge for Tics Scale (PUTS); Photography: Photographs are taken not only for diagnostic purposes, but also to monitor the progression of treatment. Photographs are generally taken of the patients primary pulling sites and the bald areas.

• #49 Trichotillomania | Hair Pulling Disorder – Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment & Complications

  https://www.medindia.net/health/conditions/trichotillomania-or-hair-pulling-disorder.htm

  Diagnosis is essentially based upon good clinical practices, such as an accurate assessment of patients in order to gather information for planning treatment and to evaluate changes in severity of symptoms. […] Briefly, a diagnosis of trichotillomania can be considered if the following are present: Repeated hair pulling results in noticeable hair loss; Feeling of anxiety or distress just before pulling out the hair or trying to resist the behavior; Sense of relief and pleasure when pulling out the hair; No other obvious mental or medical condition found to explain the symptoms; Socially impacts the life of the person. […] There are several diagnostic approaches that are currently used to diagnose and evaluate the condition of patients suffering from TTM. All these are based upon a set of questionnaires that are given to the patients to fill-up. These questionnaires are aimed at assessing the mental state of the patients with reference to the disorder. Based upon the patients responses, the doctor makes a diagnosis. Besides these questionnaires, photographic evidence is also gathered. These diagnostic approaches are listed below: Trichotillomania Diagnostic Interview (TDI); National Institute of Mental Health Trichotillomania Severity Scale (NIMH-TSS); Massachusetts General Hospital Hair pulling Symptom Severity Scale (MGH-HS); Milwaukee Inventory of Subtypes of Trichotillomania (MIST); Premonitory Urge Scale (PUS) or Premonitory Urge for Tics Scale (PUTS); Photography: Photographs are taken not only for diagnostic purposes, but also to monitor the progression of treatment. Photographs are generally taken of the patients primary pulling sites and the bald areas.

• #50 Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder) DSM-5 312. 39 (F63.2)

  https://www.theravive.com/therapedia/trichotillomania-(hair–pulling-disorder)-dsm–5-312.-39-(f63.2)

  An individual displaying the symptoms or trichotillomania will usually be given a thorough psychiatric assessment to ensure diagnosis is accurate and to identify any co-occurring disorders. They will also receive a medical evaluation if they admit to ingesting the hair. […] A diagnostic questionnaire may be used incorporating the National Institute of Mental Health Trichotillomania Severity Scale (NIMH-TSS) and the National Institute of Mental Health Trichotillomania Impairment Scale (NIMH-TIS). Photographs of the pulling sites may also be used to gauge severity.

• #51 Trichotillomania – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichotillomania

  Patients may be ashamed or actively attempt to disguise their symptoms. This can make diagnosis difficult as symptoms are not always immediately obvious, or have been deliberately hidden to avoid disclosure. […] If the patient admits to hair pulling, diagnosis is not difficult; if patients deny hair pulling, a differential diagnosis must be pursued. […] The differential diagnosis will include evaluation for alopecia areata, iron deficiency, hypothyroidism, tinea capitis, traction alopecia, alopecia mucinosa, thallium poisoning, and loose anagen syndrome. […] In trichotillomania, a hair pull test is negative. […] A biopsy can be performed and may be helpful; it reveals traumatized hair follicles with perifollicular hemorrhage, fragmented hair in the dermis, empty follicles, and deformed hair shafts. Multiple catagen hairs are typically seen. An alternative technique to biopsy, particularly for children, is to shave a part of the involved area and observe for regrowth of normal hairs.

• #52 Trichotillomania – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichotillomania

  Patients may be ashamed or actively attempt to disguise their symptoms. This can make diagnosis difficult as symptoms are not always immediately obvious, or have been deliberately hidden to avoid disclosure. […] If the patient admits to hair pulling, diagnosis is not difficult; if patients deny hair pulling, a differential diagnosis must be pursued. […] The differential diagnosis will include evaluation for alopecia areata, iron deficiency, hypothyroidism, tinea capitis, traction alopecia, alopecia mucinosa, thallium poisoning, and loose anagen syndrome. […] In trichotillomania, a hair pull test is negative. […] A biopsy can be performed and may be helpful; it reveals traumatized hair follicles with perifollicular hemorrhage, fragmented hair in the dermis, empty follicles, and deformed hair shafts. Multiple catagen hairs are typically seen. An alternative technique to biopsy, particularly for children, is to shave a part of the involved area and observe for regrowth of normal hairs.

• #53 Trichotillomania Differential Diagnoses

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1071854-differential

  In children, symptoms of trichotillomania must be assessed over a period of several months to confirm that the diagnosis is correct. Because children can acquire a short-term habit of hair pulling that closely resembles trichotillomania, establishing the diagnosis commonly requires several visits. […] A record of hair pulling or the saving of plucked hairs may be required to confirm a diagnosis of trichotillomania. However, patient self-reporting or records from children should be regarded with a degree of caution; some children engage in trichophagia and consume pulled hairs or pluck hairs in privacy to hide the severity of the disorder.

• #54 Trichotillomania Differential Diagnoses

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1071854-differential

  In children, symptoms of trichotillomania must be assessed over a period of several months to confirm that the diagnosis is correct. Because children can acquire a short-term habit of hair pulling that closely resembles trichotillomania, establishing the diagnosis commonly requires several visits. […] A record of hair pulling or the saving of plucked hairs may be required to confirm a diagnosis of trichotillomania. However, patient self-reporting or records from children should be regarded with a degree of caution; some children engage in trichophagia and consume pulled hairs or pluck hairs in privacy to hide the severity of the disorder.

• #55 Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/trichotillomania/symptoms-causes/syc-20355188

  Trichotillomania (trik-o-til-o-MAY-nee-uh), also called hair-pulling disorder, is a mental health condition. […] Trichotillomania is part of a group of conditions known as body-focused repetitive behaviors. […] Trichotillomania is not just a bad habit, it’s a mental health condition. It’s not likely to get better without treatment. […] The cause of trichotillomania is not clear. But like many complex disorders, trichotillomania likely results from a combination of genetic and learned factors. […] Trichotillomania usually develops just before or during the early teens most often between the ages of 10 and 13 years. […] Other conditions, such as depression, anxiety or obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may occur along with trichotillomania. […] If you can’t stop pulling out your hair or you feel embarrassed or ashamed by your appearance as a result, talk to your health care provider.

• #56 Trichotillomania- Visual Diagnosis

  https://www.ebmedicine.net/content.php?action=showPage&pid=363

  This patient has trichotillomania. […] Trichotillomania, a hair pulling disorder, is often associated with anxiety, depression, or stress. […] Consider other psychiatric comorbidities when diagnosing trichotillomania.

• #57 Trichotillomania – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichotillomania

  Patients may be ashamed or actively attempt to disguise their symptoms. This can make diagnosis difficult as symptoms are not always immediately obvious, or have been deliberately hidden to avoid disclosure. […] If the patient admits to hair pulling, diagnosis is not difficult; if patients deny hair pulling, a differential diagnosis must be pursued. […] The differential diagnosis will include evaluation for alopecia areata, iron deficiency, hypothyroidism, tinea capitis, traction alopecia, alopecia mucinosa, thallium poisoning, and loose anagen syndrome. […] In trichotillomania, a hair pull test is negative. […] A biopsy can be performed and may be helpful; it reveals traumatized hair follicles with perifollicular hemorrhage, fragmented hair in the dermis, empty follicles, and deformed hair shafts. Multiple catagen hairs are typically seen. An alternative technique to biopsy, particularly for children, is to shave a part of the involved area and observe for regrowth of normal hairs.

• #58 Trichotillomania: Types, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment and More

  https://www.health.com/trichotillomania-overview-7373797

  Diagnosis of trichotillomania is based on a psychiatric evaluation by a mental health provider such as a psychiatrist or therapist, as well as a physical examination. For the psychiatric evaluation, your provider may use a variety of questionnaires and other tools to ask you about your experience. […] Specifically, they must identify that all of the following are true to make a trichotillomania diagnosis: You are removing hair from a part of your body. You have tried to stop or decrease removing your hair. You are experiencing significant distress or functional impairment as a result of your hair removal. Your hair loss cannot be caused by another medical condition, such as alopecia. Your hair loss is not better explained by another mental disorder. […] Because trichotillomania is a rare and largely misunderstood condition, misdiagnosis is common, with many people receiving diagnoses for OCD, anxiety, body dysmorphic disorder, or a substance use disorder.

• #59 Trichotillomania (Hairpulling Disorder) | Abnormal Psychology

  https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm-abnormalpsych/chapter/trichotillomania-hair-pulling-disorder/

  Trichotillomania (TTM), also known as hairpulling disorder or compulsive hairpulling, is a psychological disorder characterized by a long-term urge that results in the pulling out of ones hair. […] A brief positive feeling may occur as hair is removed and efforts to stop pulling hair typically fail. […] People usually acknowledge that they pull their hair and on examination, broken hairs may be seen. […] If patients attempt to disguise their symptoms, it can make diagnosis difficult as symptoms are not always immediately obvious, or have been deliberately hidden to avoid disclosure. […] Treatment is based on a persons age. Most preschool age children outgrow the condition if it is managed conservatively. In young adults, establishing the diagnosis and raising awareness of the condition is an important reassurance for the family and patient. Non-pharmacological interventions, including behavior modification programs, are often the first-line mediation; referrals to psychologists or psychiatrists may be considered when other interventions fail. […] When trichotillomania begins in adulthood, it is often associated with other psychological disorders, and referral to a psychologist or psychiatrist for evaluation or treatment is considered best.

• #60 Trichotillomania (Hairpulling Disorder) | Abnormal Psychology

  https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm-abnormalpsych/chapter/trichotillomania-hair-pulling-disorder/

  Trichotillomania (TTM), also known as hairpulling disorder or compulsive hairpulling, is a psychological disorder characterized by a long-term urge that results in the pulling out of ones hair. […] A brief positive feeling may occur as hair is removed and efforts to stop pulling hair typically fail. […] People usually acknowledge that they pull their hair and on examination, broken hairs may be seen. […] If patients attempt to disguise their symptoms, it can make diagnosis difficult as symptoms are not always immediately obvious, or have been deliberately hidden to avoid disclosure. […] Treatment is based on a persons age. Most preschool age children outgrow the condition if it is managed conservatively. In young adults, establishing the diagnosis and raising awareness of the condition is an important reassurance for the family and patient. Non-pharmacological interventions, including behavior modification programs, are often the first-line mediation; referrals to psychologists or psychiatrists may be considered when other interventions fail. […] When trichotillomania begins in adulthood, it is often associated with other psychological disorders, and referral to a psychologist or psychiatrist for evaluation or treatment is considered best.

• #61 Trichotillomania (Hairpulling Disorder) | Abnormal Psychology

  https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm-abnormalpsych/chapter/trichotillomania-hair-pulling-disorder/

  Trichotillomania (TTM), also known as hairpulling disorder or compulsive hairpulling, is a psychological disorder characterized by a long-term urge that results in the pulling out of ones hair. […] A brief positive feeling may occur as hair is removed and efforts to stop pulling hair typically fail. […] People usually acknowledge that they pull their hair and on examination, broken hairs may be seen. […] If patients attempt to disguise their symptoms, it can make diagnosis difficult as symptoms are not always immediately obvious, or have been deliberately hidden to avoid disclosure. […] Treatment is based on a persons age. Most preschool age children outgrow the condition if it is managed conservatively. In young adults, establishing the diagnosis and raising awareness of the condition is an important reassurance for the family and patient. Non-pharmacological interventions, including behavior modification programs, are often the first-line mediation; referrals to psychologists or psychiatrists may be considered when other interventions fail. […] When trichotillomania begins in adulthood, it is often associated with other psychological disorders, and referral to a psychologist or psychiatrist for evaluation or treatment is considered best.

• #62 Trichotillomania: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis of a Complex Psychiatric Disorder – Dermatology Advisor

  https://www.dermatologyadvisor.com/news/hair-pulling-review/

  The pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of the complex disorder, trichotillomania, is reviewed. […] A review published in Dermatologic Therapy outlined the pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of the complex disorder, trichotillomania. […] Diagnosis of trichotillomania is based on clinical presentation and medical history, including past psychiatric diagnoses. […] A multidisciplinary approach involving [a] dermatologist, pediatrician and psychiatrist is essential for a correct assessment of illness components and its long-term successful treatment, investigators wrote.

• #63 Trichotillomania: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis of a Complex Psychiatric Disorder – Dermatology Advisor

  https://www.dermatologyadvisor.com/news/hair-pulling-review/

  The pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of the complex disorder, trichotillomania, is reviewed. […] A review published in Dermatologic Therapy outlined the pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of the complex disorder, trichotillomania. […] Diagnosis of trichotillomania is based on clinical presentation and medical history, including past psychiatric diagnoses. […] A multidisciplinary approach involving [a] dermatologist, pediatrician and psychiatrist is essential for a correct assessment of illness components and its long-term successful treatment, investigators wrote.

• #64 Trichotillomania: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis of a Complex Psychiatric Disorder – Dermatology Advisor

  https://www.dermatologyadvisor.com/news/hair-pulling-review/

  The pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of the complex disorder, trichotillomania, is reviewed. […] A review published in Dermatologic Therapy outlined the pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of the complex disorder, trichotillomania. […] Diagnosis of trichotillomania is based on clinical presentation and medical history, including past psychiatric diagnoses. […] A multidisciplinary approach involving [a] dermatologist, pediatrician and psychiatrist is essential for a correct assessment of illness components and its long-term successful treatment, investigators wrote.

• #65 Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/trichotillomania/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355193

  To diagnose trichotillomania, you’ll likely start by having a physical exam. You may then be referred to a mental health professional with experience in treating trichotillomania. Diagnosing trichotillomania may include: […] Examining your hair loss. […] Checking for possible medical causes of your hair loss. This may include lab tests. […] Talking with you about hair loss, including your behaviors and emotions related to pulling out your hair. […] Identifying any physical or mental health conditions that may occur along with pulling out your hair. […] Your provider may refer you to a mental health professional with experience in diagnosing and treating trichotillomania. […] How do you find out if I have this condition? […] What treatments do you recommend? […] Have you had treatment, such as therapy or medicine, for hair pulling or other emotional issues?

• #66 Trichotillomania (Hair-Pulling Disorder) | Baptist Health

  https://www.baptisthealth.com/care-services/conditions-treatments/trichotillomania

  There is no specific trichotillomania test or exam that will definitively determine if you have the condition. However, your doctor will likely explore certain areas of your life to help make a potential diagnosis. […] Common factors to explore include: […] Reviewing the diagnostic criteria for trichotillomania in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). This is a resource published and updated by the American Psychiatric Association. […] Your doctor may refer you to a psychiatrist or psychologist for further evaluation and testing.

• #67 Trichotillomania – Psychiatric Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/obsessive-compulsive-and-related-disorders/trichotillomania

  Patients with trichotillomania try to stop pulling their hair out or to do it less often, but they cannot. […] Treat using cognitive-behavioral therapy that is tailored to treat specific trichotillomania symptoms (specifically habit reversal training) and possibly an SSRI or clomipramine, N-acetylcysteine, or memantine.

• #68 Trichotillomania (Hair Pulling) | Psychology Today

  https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/conditions/trichotillomania-hair-pulling

  Therapy is considered the front-line treatment for all BFRBs, including trich. Cognitive behavioral therapy either on its own or combined with a specific type known as habit reversal training (HRT) is often the approach of choice, as it targets the thoughts, emotions, and habit cycles that lead to pulling behaviors. […] Anyone who feels distressed about their hair-pulling or feels that they are unable to control the behavior on their own could benefit from seeking treatment.

• #69 Trichotillomania (Hair Pulling) | Symptoms & Treatments | Zencare — Zencare

  https://zencare.co/mental-health/hair-pulling

  Trichotillomania is a mental health condition where a person repeatedly pulls out their hair, resulting in noticeable hair loss. […] If this experience resonates with you, it’s important to seek an evaluation from a mental health professional. As trichotillomania can seem similar to some other conditions (like OCD or body dysmorphic disorder), accurate diagnosis is important, so that the most effective treatment option can be selected. […] It’s particularly important to look for a therapist who has experience and specialized training in behavioral therapies, and Habit Reversal Therapy in particular, as this has a strong evidence-base for the treatment of trichotillomania. […] The most common type of behavioral therapy used with the condition is called Habit Reversal Therapy. […] Habit Reversal Therapy helps reduce symptoms of trichotillomania by increasing awareness of how and when hair-pulling urges develop.

• #70 Trichotillomania (Hair Pulling) | Symptoms & Treatments | Zencare — Zencare

  https://zencare.co/mental-health/hair-pulling

  Trichotillomania is a mental health condition where a person repeatedly pulls out their hair, resulting in noticeable hair loss. […] If this experience resonates with you, it’s important to seek an evaluation from a mental health professional. As trichotillomania can seem similar to some other conditions (like OCD or body dysmorphic disorder), accurate diagnosis is important, so that the most effective treatment option can be selected. […] It’s particularly important to look for a therapist who has experience and specialized training in behavioral therapies, and Habit Reversal Therapy in particular, as this has a strong evidence-base for the treatment of trichotillomania. […] The most common type of behavioral therapy used with the condition is called Habit Reversal Therapy. […] Habit Reversal Therapy helps reduce symptoms of trichotillomania by increasing awareness of how and when hair-pulling urges develop.

• #71 Trichotillomania: Symptoms, causes, and treatments

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/326833

  Trichotillomania, or pathological hair pulling, refers to an overwhelming urge to pull out hair. Treatments may include behavioral therapy and medication. […] Many people who have trichotillomania may not know that they have a diagnosable condition. […] Doctors do not diagnose many cases of trichotillomania, which means there is very little information on effective treatments available. […] According to a 2011 review, most experts agree that HRT should be the first-line treatment option for trichotillomania. […] Trichotillomania appears in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Version 5 or the DSM-5. This is the manual most mental health experts use to diagnose mental health-related conditions. […] The DSM-5 classifies trichotillomania as an obsessive-compulsive disorder. […] If a person thinks they have trichotillomania, they should see their doctor for a diagnosis.

• #72 Trichotillomania – Psychiatric Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/psychiatric-disorders/obsessive-compulsive-and-related-disorders/trichotillomania

  Patients with trichotillomania try to stop pulling their hair out or to do it less often, but they cannot. […] Treat using cognitive-behavioral therapy that is tailored to treat specific trichotillomania symptoms (specifically habit reversal training) and possibly an SSRI or clomipramine, N-acetylcysteine, or memantine.

• #73 Trichotillomania (TTM): Definition, Symptoms, Traits, Causes, Treatment

  https://www.verywellmind.com/trichotillomania-2510662

  Trichotillomania is classified in the most recent „Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders” (DSM-5-TR) as an obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorder. […] Because trichotillomania can resemble other medical conditions associated with hair loss such as alopecia areata, diagnosis of trichotillomania often requires both a dermatological and psychiatric evaluation. […] In both adolescents and adults, a trichotillomania diagnosis may be further hampered by the persons reluctance to disclose their hair-pulling behavior. […] Trichotillomania is a relatively rare illness, affecting 1% to 2% of the population. […] Currently, there is limited evidence that medications such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are consistently effective in treating trichotillomania, so the FDA has not approved any medications for specifically treating the condition.

• #74 Hair Pulling AKA Trichotillomania

  https://www.cognitivebehavioralcenter.com/trich

  The degree of life’s disruption due to the excess time consumed is the second essential element necessary for a diagnosis. […] A very detailed sequential analysis is essential in formulating a diagnostic picture. […] One of the most exacerbating aspects of trichotillomania is the belief by either the sufferer or loved ones, that stopping is just a matter of „will power.” […] Our contention is that effective treatment packages for this condition are multifaceted. […] In summary, this article has attempted to introduce the idea that TM is probably a single behavior (hair pulling) with, at least, four subclassifications.

• #75 Hair Pulling AKA Trichotillomania

  https://www.cognitivebehavioralcenter.com/trich

  The degree of life’s disruption due to the excess time consumed is the second essential element necessary for a diagnosis. […] A very detailed sequential analysis is essential in formulating a diagnostic picture. […] One of the most exacerbating aspects of trichotillomania is the belief by either the sufferer or loved ones, that stopping is just a matter of „will power.” […] Our contention is that effective treatment packages for this condition are multifaceted. […] In summary, this article has attempted to introduce the idea that TM is probably a single behavior (hair pulling) with, at least, four subclassifications.

• #76 Learn About Trichotillomania: The “Hair Pulling” Disorder :: The Baker Center For Children and Families

  https://www.bakercenter.org/resources/library/learn-about-trichotillomania-the-hair-pulling-disorder

  Overall, research shows that approximately 0.6% of the population may have met criteria for trichotillomania at some point in their lives. […] It is worth noting that hair-pulling itself is more common, but it takes a higher level of distress and impairment to meet diagnostic criteria. […] Trichotillomania is often seen occurring co-jointly with other disorders including major depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, and substance use disorders, and studies find that the experience of trichotillomania often occurs prior to the development of other mental disorders. […] If left untreated, studies have found that symptoms may change in intensity throughout the lifetime, but they will persist. […] Understanding that an individual with trichotillomania feels a strong urge to pull their hair to relieve an internal feeling, and they are not doing it to intentionally cause challenges, is important.

• #77 Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management of Trichotillomania

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4143797/

  Diagnosis clearly starts with a thorough clinical interview and functional assessment. […] Building a comprehensive understanding of how hair pulling functions for the individual is paramount, particularly in consideration of the diverse phenomenology and behavioral heterogeneity of the disorder. […] Additionally, a physical examination of pulling sites and alopecia is recommended in order to differentiate TTM with unrelated dermatological and medical conditions. […] As discussed, there are several useful measures for diagnosing the disorder, determining the severity of the symptoms, assessing functioning impairment, and tracking treatment progress.

• #78 Trichotillomania – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichotillomania

  Patients may be ashamed or actively attempt to disguise their symptoms. This can make diagnosis difficult as symptoms are not always immediately obvious, or have been deliberately hidden to avoid disclosure. […] If the patient admits to hair pulling, diagnosis is not difficult; if patients deny hair pulling, a differential diagnosis must be pursued. […] The differential diagnosis will include evaluation for alopecia areata, iron deficiency, hypothyroidism, tinea capitis, traction alopecia, alopecia mucinosa, thallium poisoning, and loose anagen syndrome. […] In trichotillomania, a hair pull test is negative. […] A biopsy can be performed and may be helpful; it reveals traumatized hair follicles with perifollicular hemorrhage, fragmented hair in the dermis, empty follicles, and deformed hair shafts. Multiple catagen hairs are typically seen. An alternative technique to biopsy, particularly for children, is to shave a part of the involved area and observe for regrowth of normal hairs.

• #79 Trichotillomania Hair Pulling Disorder – Causes, Symptoms & Prevention

  https://chaselodgehospital.com/blog/trichotillomania-hair-pulling-disorder/

  At Chase Lodge Hospital, hair pulling disease diagnosis is carried out by expert mental health professionals, including psychiatrists, psychologists, and therapists, who specialise in obsessive compulsive disorder trichotillomania. The diagnostic process typically includes: […] Since pulling hair out syndrome can significantly impact an individuals quality of life, an early and accurate trichotillomania hair pulling disorder diagnosis is crucial to ensure the most effective treatment.

• #80 Trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder) – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/trichotillomania/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355193

  To diagnose trichotillomania, you’ll likely start by having a physical exam. You may then be referred to a mental health professional with experience in treating trichotillomania. Diagnosing trichotillomania may include: […] Examining your hair loss. […] Checking for possible medical causes of your hair loss. This may include lab tests. […] Talking with you about hair loss, including your behaviors and emotions related to pulling out your hair. […] Identifying any physical or mental health conditions that may occur along with pulling out your hair. […] Your provider may refer you to a mental health professional with experience in diagnosing and treating trichotillomania. […] How do you find out if I have this condition? […] What treatments do you recommend? […] Have you had treatment, such as therapy or medicine, for hair pulling or other emotional issues?

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