Szczepionka menb
Rokowania, prognozy i postęp choroby

Inwazyjna choroba meningokokowa (IChM) wywołana przez Neisseria meningitidis serogrupy B stanowi istotne zagrożenie zdrowia publicznego ze względu na wysoką śmiertelność i możliwość epidemii. Szczepionka 4CMenB (Bexsero), zawierająca antygeny białkowe NHBA, NadA, fHbp i Porin A, wykazuje wysoką skuteczność w zapobieganiu IChM, z oszacowaną efektywnością na poziomie 82,9% w ciągu pierwszych 10 miesięcy po szczepieniu. Dane z Wielkiej Brytanii, Kanady i Hiszpanii potwierdzają znaczący spadek zachorowań, zwłaszcza u niemowląt i młodych dorosłych, z utrzymującą się odpornością do 1-2 lat, a w niektórych schematach nawet do 4 lat. Szczepionka wykazuje także potencjalną ochronę krzyżową przeciwko meningokokom serogrupy W oraz zakażeniom N. gonorrhoeae, co potwierdzają badania RWE wskazujące na redukcję ryzyka rzeżączki o 40% u nastolatków i młodych dorosłych.

Wprowadzenie do szczepionki MenB

Inwazyjna choroba meningokokowa (IChM) jest istotnym problemem zdrowia publicznego ze względu na wysoką śmiertelność, długoterminową zachorowalność oraz potencjał wywoływania ognisk epidemicznych. Szczepionka MenB została opracowana w celu zapobiegania inwazyjnej chorobie meningokokowej wywoływanej przez bakterie Neisseria meningitidis serogrupy B, które przed wprowadzeniem szczepionki były główną przyczyną zapalenia opon mózgowo-rdzeniowych i sepsy w wielu krajach, w tym w Wielkiej Brytanii.12

Obecnie dostępne są dwie białkowe szczepionki przeciwko meningokokom grupy B: 4CMenB (Bexsero) oraz rLP2086 (Trumenba), które są dopuszczone do użytku w różnych krajach. Szczepionka 4CMenB zawiera podkapsuarne antygeny białkowe, które mają indukować produkcję przeciwciał bakteriobójczych przeciwko czterem antygenom szczepionkowym: NHBA, NadA, fHbp i Porin A. Dobór białek opierał się na ich zdolności do indukcji przeciwciał bakteriobójczych, częstości występowania w różnych szczepach grupy B oraz zdolności do zapewnienia ochrony w modelach zwierzęcych.345

Skuteczność szczepionki MenB

Badania kliniczne oraz dane z rzeczywistego zastosowania szczepionki wykazują wysoką skuteczność w zapobieganiu inwazyjnej chorobie meningokokowej wywołanej przez meningokoki grupy B. Skuteczność szczepionki 4CMenB w dwudawkowym podstawowym schemacie szczepienia została oszacowana na 82,9% przeciwko wszystkim przypadkom meningokoków grupy B w ciągu pierwszych 10 miesięcy od wprowadzenia programu szczepień.6

Wstępne oceny skuteczności szczepionki 4CMenB w Wielkiej Brytanii, Kanadzie i Hiszpanii są obiecujące. Od czasu wprowadzenia szczepionki MenB w Wielkiej Brytanii zaobserwowano znaczny spadek liczby młodych dzieci chorujących na IChM wywołaną przez meningokoki grupy B.78

Skuteczność długoterminowa

U zdrowych nastolatków i młodych dorosłych (w tym studentów) szczepionka jest immunogenna w krótkim okresie, a ochrona utrzymuje się przez 1-2 lata po szczepieniu. W przypadku niektórych schematów szczepień odporność może utrzymywać się nawet do 4 lat po szczepieniu.9

Na podstawie przeglądu dostępnych danych, w tym wyników analizy GRADE, amerykański Komitet Doradczy ds. Praktyk Szczepień (ACIP) zalecił, aby nastolatki i młodzi dorośli w wieku od 16 do 23 lat mogli być szczepieni szczepionką MenB w celu zapewnienia krótkoterminowej ochrony przed większością szczepów meningokoków serogrupy B.10

Wpływ szczepień na populację

W badaniu oceniającym wpływ programu immunizacji przeciwko MenB w Anglii, z wykorzystaniem metody kontroli syntetycznej (SC), oszacowano 75% redukcję zachorowań u niemowląt w wieku 18-51 tygodni. Dla porównania, w Brazylii zaobserwowano 69% skuteczność szczepionki przeciwko MenC u rocznych niemowląt. Wyniki te były zgodne z wcześniejszymi ocenami opartymi na metodach analizy szeregów czasowych.11

Model SC okazał się obiecującym podejściem do szacowania wpływu programów szczepień przeciw meningokokom, szczególnie w przypadkach, gdy bezpośrednie określenie skuteczności może być utrudnione ze względu na nieprzewidywalną i niską zapadalność na inwazyjną chorobę meningokokową.1213

Ochrona krzyżowa i dodatkowe korzyści

Dane dotyczące aktywności przeciwciał funkcjonalnych oraz rzeczywiste dowody wskazują, że szczepionka 4CMenB ma potencjał zapewnienia pewnej ochrony wykraczającej poza choroby wywołane przez MenB. Szacunki modelowe wykazały, że liczba przypadków MenW została zredukowana o 69% (skorygowany współczynnik zapadalności: 0,31 [95% CI: 0,20-0,67]) u dzieci kwalifikujących się do szczepienia 4CMenB, niezależnie od ich statusu szczepienia.14

Wstępne badania wskazują również, że 4CMenB może zapewniać ochronę przed zakażeniami N. gonorrhoeae, a badania RWE (Real-World Evidence) szacują redukcję ryzyka zakażenia N. gonorrhoeae o 59% (wynik nieistotny statystycznie) po kampanii szczepień w Quebecu. Szczepienie szczepionką 4CMenB zmniejszyło ryzyko rzeżączki o 40% u nastolatków i młodych dorosłych w Stanach Zjednoczonych.15

Szczepionka 4CMenB wykazała efekt przeciwko serorupom nie-B i zakażeniom gonokokowym, jeśli składniki bakterii są podobne do jednego lub więcej składników szczepionki. Skuteczność szczepionki 4CMenB przeciwko zakażeniom gonokokowym jest obecnie przedmiotem badań.16

Efektywność kosztowa szczepionki

W analizie podstawowej, szczepienie niemowląt szczepionką 4CMenB pozwoliło uniknąć 3101 przypadków inwazyjnej choroby meningokokowej MenB u niemowląt w wieku 1 roku (54%) i 6845 przypadków we wszystkich grupach wiekowych (21%). Szacunkowy inkrementalny współczynnik efektywności kosztowej wyniósł 316 272€/QALY (rok życia skorygowany o jakość), ale był bardzo wrażliwy na rodzaje uwzględnianych następstw, częstość występowania MenB, parametry skuteczności szczepionki i uwzględnienie oczekiwanej długości życia osób, które przeżyły inwazyjną chorobę meningokokową (zakres: 65 272€/QALY do 493 218€/QALY).17

W perspektywie 100-letniej, strategia szczepienia niemowląt wieloskładnikową szczepionką przeciwko meningokokom serogrupy B (4CMenB) mogłaby zapobiec 3101 przypadkom inwazyjnej choroby meningokokowej MenB u niemowląt w wieku do 1 roku (54%) i 6845 przypadkom we wszystkich grupach wiekowych (21%).18

Szczepienie szczepionką 4CMenB nie wydaje się efektywne kosztowo przy założeniach podstawowych modelu. Wyniki dotyczące efektywności kosztowej zależą od wyborów modelu, takich jak stopy dyskontowe, założenia dotyczące jakości życia, skuteczność szczepionki i włączenie wszystkich następstw potencjalnie związanych z inwazyjną chorobą meningokokową; założenia modelu muszą być brane pod uwagę przy interpretacji inkrementalnych współczynników efektywności kosztowej.1920

Ograniczenia i przyszłe potrzeby badawcze

Pomimo obiecujących wyników dotyczących skuteczności szczepionki MenB, istnieje kilka ograniczeń i obszarów wymagających dalszych badań. Konieczne są dodatkowe dane dotyczące rzeczywistej skuteczności szczepionki, długoterminowej odporności oraz potencjalnych efektów populacyjnych, w tym oszacowań wpływu szczepionki na ocenę efektywności kosztowej.21

Warto zauważyć, że szczepionka MenB nie chroni przed innymi przyczynami zapalenia opon mózgowo-rdzeniowych i sepsy, dlatego nadal ważne jest, aby być świadomym objawów tych chorób.22

Wykorzystanie szeregów czasowych przypadków inwazyjnej choroby meningokokowej w grupach wiekowych niekwalifikujących się do szczepienia jako grup kontrolnych wiąże się z nieodłącznym ryzykiem generowania stronniczych oszacowań wpływu. Wyniki badań sugerują jednak, że model SC mógłby być z powodzeniem stosowany do oceny kampanii szczepień przeciwko meningokokom skierowanych do nastolatków i dorosłych, gdzie skutki pośrednie mogłyby utrudnić prawidłową ocenę ogólnego wpływu.23

Podsumowanie rokowania

Biorąc pod uwagę utrzymujące się obciążenie inwazyjną chorobą meningokokową w Europie i innych częściach świata, głównie związaną z meningokokami serogrupy B, nowe szczepionki przeciwko MenB powinny być poważnie rozważane do szerokiego stosowania. Szczepionka MenB działa bardzo dobrze w ochronie dzieci przed większością typów bakterii z grupy meningokokowej B w Wielkiej Brytanii, a badania wykazały, że szczepionka jest bardzo skuteczna w zapobieganiu chorobom wywołanym przez te bakterie.2425

Wstępna ocena skuteczności szczepionki 4CMenB w Wielkiej Brytanii, Kanadzie i Hiszpanii wygląda obiecująco. Ogólnie rzecz biorąc, przy utrzymującym się obciążeniu inwazyjną chorobą meningokokową w Europie i innych częściach świata, głównie meningokokami serogrupy B, nowe szczepionki powinny być poważnie rozważane do szerokiego stosowania w celu poprawy zdrowia publicznego.26

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  1. 11.04.2026
  2. www.leksykon.com.pl

Materiały źródłowe

  • #1 MenB vaccine – NHS
    https://www.nhs.uk/vaccinations/menb-vaccine/
    The MenB vaccine works very well at protecting children against most types of meningococcal group B bacteria in the UK. […] Research has shown that the vaccine is very effective at preventing illnesses caused by these bacteria. […] Before the MenB vaccine was introduced, meningococcal group B bacteria were the biggest cause of meningitis and sepsis in the UK. […] Since the vaccine has been used in the UK, there has been a big drop in the number of young children getting MenB illnesses. […] The MenB vaccine does not protect against other causes of meningitis and sepsis, so it’s still important to be aware of the symptoms.
  • #2 Meningococcal Group B Vaccine For The Prevention Of Invasive Meningococcal Disease Caused By Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6793463/
    Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a major public health concern because of its high case fatality, long-term morbidity, and potential to course with outbreaks. […] Two protein-based vaccines, namely 4CMenB (Bexsero) and rLP2086 (Trumenba) are currently licensed for use in different countries against MenB disease. […] Real-world data on the vaccine-use are rapidly accumulating from the UK and other countries which used the vaccine for control of outbreak or as part of routine immunization program, reiterating its safety and efficacy. […] Additional data on real-life effectiveness, long-term immunity, and eventual herd effects, including estimates on vaccine impact for cost-effectiveness assessment are further needed. […] Given the predominance of MenB in Europe and other parts of the world, these new vaccines are crucial for the prevention and public health control of the disease, and should be considered.
  • #3 Meningococcal Group B Vaccine For The Prevention Of Invasive Meningococcal Disease Caused By Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6793463/
    Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a major public health concern because of its high case fatality, long-term morbidity, and potential to course with outbreaks. […] Two protein-based vaccines, namely 4CMenB (Bexsero) and rLP2086 (Trumenba) are currently licensed for use in different countries against MenB disease. […] Real-world data on the vaccine-use are rapidly accumulating from the UK and other countries which used the vaccine for control of outbreak or as part of routine immunization program, reiterating its safety and efficacy. […] Additional data on real-life effectiveness, long-term immunity, and eventual herd effects, including estimates on vaccine impact for cost-effectiveness assessment are further needed. […] Given the predominance of MenB in Europe and other parts of the world, these new vaccines are crucial for the prevention and public health control of the disease, and should be considered.
  • #4 Meningococcal Group B Vaccine For The Prevention Of Invasive Meningococcal Disease Caused By Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6793463/
    The introduction of serogroup C meningococcus-containing vaccine in the routine immunization across Europe has resulted in a significant decline in the proportion of MenC-disease in the region. However, this has minimal to no effect on other serogroups. […] N. meningitidis serogroup B (MenB) has become the leading cause of meningococcal disease across several regions, including Europe and America. […] Although the overall incidence is low compared to other vaccine-preventable diseases, MenB disease carries substantial case fatality rate at 3% to 10%. […] Thus, vaccination against MenB serogroup has become an important public health priority. […] The 4CMenB vaccine contains subcapsular protein antigens intended to induce the production of bactericidal antibodies against 4 vaccine antigens, namely NHBA, NadA, fHbp, and Porin A.
  • #5 Meningococcal Group B Vaccine For The Prevention Of Invasive Meningococcal Disease Caused By Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6793463/
    The selection of proteins to be included was based on its ability to induce bactericidal antibodies, its prevalence across different B strains, and its capacity to confer protection in an infected mouse model. […] The current vaccine formulation contains A05 and B01 variants of the fHbp, with the addition of aluminium salt as an adjuvant. […] The immunogenicity of 4CMenB in adolescents was studied in four clinical studies as part of the clinical vaccine development program and eventual planned marketing authorization in the similar age group. […] The vaccine effectiveness of the 2-dose primary series was 82.9% against all Men B cases during the first 10 months of the program. […] The preliminary effectiveness assessment for 4CMenB in the UK, Canada, or Spain, looks positively promising. […] Overall, with the remaining burden of invasive meningococcal disease across Europe and other parts of the world, mostly of serogroup B meningococcus, new vaccines should highly be considered for broad use.
  • #6 Meningococcal Group B Vaccine For The Prevention Of Invasive Meningococcal Disease Caused By Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6793463/
    The selection of proteins to be included was based on its ability to induce bactericidal antibodies, its prevalence across different B strains, and its capacity to confer protection in an infected mouse model. […] The current vaccine formulation contains A05 and B01 variants of the fHbp, with the addition of aluminium salt as an adjuvant. […] The immunogenicity of 4CMenB in adolescents was studied in four clinical studies as part of the clinical vaccine development program and eventual planned marketing authorization in the similar age group. […] The vaccine effectiveness of the 2-dose primary series was 82.9% against all Men B cases during the first 10 months of the program. […] The preliminary effectiveness assessment for 4CMenB in the UK, Canada, or Spain, looks positively promising. […] Overall, with the remaining burden of invasive meningococcal disease across Europe and other parts of the world, mostly of serogroup B meningococcus, new vaccines should highly be considered for broad use.
  • #7 MenB vaccine – NHS
    https://www.nhs.uk/vaccinations/menb-vaccine/
    The MenB vaccine works very well at protecting children against most types of meningococcal group B bacteria in the UK. […] Research has shown that the vaccine is very effective at preventing illnesses caused by these bacteria. […] Before the MenB vaccine was introduced, meningococcal group B bacteria were the biggest cause of meningitis and sepsis in the UK. […] Since the vaccine has been used in the UK, there has been a big drop in the number of young children getting MenB illnesses. […] The MenB vaccine does not protect against other causes of meningitis and sepsis, so it’s still important to be aware of the symptoms.
  • #8 Meningococcal Group B Vaccine For The Prevention Of Invasive Meningococcal Disease Caused By Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6793463/
    The selection of proteins to be included was based on its ability to induce bactericidal antibodies, its prevalence across different B strains, and its capacity to confer protection in an infected mouse model. […] The current vaccine formulation contains A05 and B01 variants of the fHbp, with the addition of aluminium salt as an adjuvant. […] The immunogenicity of 4CMenB in adolescents was studied in four clinical studies as part of the clinical vaccine development program and eventual planned marketing authorization in the similar age group. […] The vaccine effectiveness of the 2-dose primary series was 82.9% against all Men B cases during the first 10 months of the program. […] The preliminary effectiveness assessment for 4CMenB in the UK, Canada, or Spain, looks positively promising. […] Overall, with the remaining burden of invasive meningococcal disease across Europe and other parts of the world, mostly of serogroup B meningococcus, new vaccines should highly be considered for broad use.
  • #9 Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) for Use of Serogroup B Meningococcal (MenB) Vaccines in Adolescents and Young Adults (Including College Students) | ACIP | CDC
    https://www.cdc.gov/acip/grade/menb-young-adults.html
    Two serogroup B meningococcal (MenB) vaccines have recently been licensed for use in the U.S. (MenB-FHbp [Trumenba, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] and MenB-4C [Bexsero, Novartis Vaccines]). […] The primary policy question was Should MenB vaccines be administered routinely to all adolescents and young adults (including college students)? […] Among healthy adolescents and young adults (including college students), the vaccine is immunogenic in the short-term and persists 1-2 years after vaccination. […] Among healthy adolescents and young adults (including college students), the vaccine is immunogenic in the short-term and persists up to 4 years after vaccination. […] After reviewing the available data, including the result of the GRADE analysis, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended that adolescents and young adults aged 16 through 23 years may be vaccinated with a MenB vaccine to provide short term protection against most strains of serogroup B meningococcal disease.
  • #10 Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) for Use of Serogroup B Meningococcal (MenB) Vaccines in Adolescents and Young Adults (Including College Students) | ACIP | CDC
    https://www.cdc.gov/acip/grade/menb-young-adults.html
    Two serogroup B meningococcal (MenB) vaccines have recently been licensed for use in the U.S. (MenB-FHbp [Trumenba, Wyeth Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] and MenB-4C [Bexsero, Novartis Vaccines]). […] The primary policy question was Should MenB vaccines be administered routinely to all adolescents and young adults (including college students)? […] Among healthy adolescents and young adults (including college students), the vaccine is immunogenic in the short-term and persists 1-2 years after vaccination. […] Among healthy adolescents and young adults (including college students), the vaccine is immunogenic in the short-term and persists up to 4 years after vaccination. […] After reviewing the available data, including the result of the GRADE analysis, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommended that adolescents and young adults aged 16 through 23 years may be vaccinated with a MenB vaccine to provide short term protection against most strains of serogroup B meningococcal disease.
  • #11 Evaluating the Impact of Meningococcal Vaccines With Synthetic Controls
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8971084/
    When using IMD cases in vaccinated age groups as the target disease, the SC1 model fitted prevaccination data well, even in the presence of nontrivial incidence patterns, such as a trend inversion between 2014 and 2015 in England. […] Reported meningococcal disease incidences declined in both countries after the introduction of infant routine immunization programs, and the observed values declined relative to the counterfactual predictions. […] In Brazil, we measured a 69% vaccine impact on MenC cases in 1-year-old infants associated with vaccination. […] In England, we estimated a 75% reduction in 18- to 51-week-old infants. […] These vaccine impact estimates were in agreement with previous assessments based on time series methods. […] MenB and MenC cases in noneligible age groups were consistently among the most frequently selected controls in England and Brazil, respectively.
  • #12 Evaluating the Impact of Meningococcal Vaccines With Synthetic Controls
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8971084/
    Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) has a low and unpredictable incidence, presenting challenges for real-world evaluations of meningococcal vaccines. […] The first vaccine broadly protective against meningococcal serogroup B (MenB), the 4-component meningococcal serogroup B vaccine (4CMenB), was introduced in 2015 in the United Kingdoms national immunization program, and high impact was demonstrated from real-world data. […] Measuring the impact of a mass immunization program against IMD is of primary importance for public health. […] We investigated the validity of the SC method based on Bayesian variable selection for assessing the impact of meningococcal vaccines by applying it to 2 different immunization programs, against MenB and meningococcal serogroup C (MenC) disease in England and Brazil, respectively, using several infectious and noninfectious diseases as controls.
  • #13 Evaluating the Impact of Meningococcal Vaccines With Synthetic Controls
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8971084/
    Our work has some limitations. Using time series of IMD cases in non-vaccine-eligible age groups as controls comes with inherent risks of generating biased impact estimates. […] Present results suggest that the SC model could be successfully applied to evaluate meningococcal immunization campaigns targeting adolescents and adults, where indirect effects could hamper a correct assessment of the overall impact. […] In conclusion, we showed that the SC model is a promising approach for estimating the impact of meningococcal immunization programs.
  • #14 Looking beyond meningococcal B with the 4CMenB vaccine: the Neisseria effect | npj Vaccines
    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41541-021-00388-3
    In conclusion, functional antibody activity and real-world evidence indicate that 4CMenB has the potential to provide some protection beyond MenB disease. […] Model estimates showed that the number of MenW cases was reduced by 69% (adjusted incidence rate ratio: 0.31 [95% CI: 0.200.67]) in 4CMenB-eligible children, regardless of their vaccination status. […] Preliminary studies indicate that 4CMenB may also provide protection against N. gonorrhoeae infections, and RWE studies estimated a risk reduction for N. gonorrhoeae of 59% (not statistically significant) following a vaccination campaign in Quebec. […] The 4CMenB vaccine demonstrated an effect against non-B serogroups and gonococcal infections if the bacterias components are similar to one or more components of the vaccine. […] Vaccination with 4CMenB reduced the risk of gonorrhea by 40% in adolescents and young adults in the United States. Efficacy of the 4CMenB vaccine against gonococcal infections is under investigation.
  • #15 Looking beyond meningococcal B with the 4CMenB vaccine: the Neisseria effect | npj Vaccines
    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41541-021-00388-3
    In conclusion, functional antibody activity and real-world evidence indicate that 4CMenB has the potential to provide some protection beyond MenB disease. […] Model estimates showed that the number of MenW cases was reduced by 69% (adjusted incidence rate ratio: 0.31 [95% CI: 0.200.67]) in 4CMenB-eligible children, regardless of their vaccination status. […] Preliminary studies indicate that 4CMenB may also provide protection against N. gonorrhoeae infections, and RWE studies estimated a risk reduction for N. gonorrhoeae of 59% (not statistically significant) following a vaccination campaign in Quebec. […] The 4CMenB vaccine demonstrated an effect against non-B serogroups and gonococcal infections if the bacterias components are similar to one or more components of the vaccine. […] Vaccination with 4CMenB reduced the risk of gonorrhea by 40% in adolescents and young adults in the United States. Efficacy of the 4CMenB vaccine against gonococcal infections is under investigation.
  • #16 Looking beyond meningococcal B with the 4CMenB vaccine: the Neisseria effect | npj Vaccines
    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41541-021-00388-3
    In conclusion, functional antibody activity and real-world evidence indicate that 4CMenB has the potential to provide some protection beyond MenB disease. […] Model estimates showed that the number of MenW cases was reduced by 69% (adjusted incidence rate ratio: 0.31 [95% CI: 0.200.67]) in 4CMenB-eligible children, regardless of their vaccination status. […] Preliminary studies indicate that 4CMenB may also provide protection against N. gonorrhoeae infections, and RWE studies estimated a risk reduction for N. gonorrhoeae of 59% (not statistically significant) following a vaccination campaign in Quebec. […] The 4CMenB vaccine demonstrated an effect against non-B serogroups and gonococcal infections if the bacterias components are similar to one or more components of the vaccine. […] Vaccination with 4CMenB reduced the risk of gonorrhea by 40% in adolescents and young adults in the United States. Efficacy of the 4CMenB vaccine against gonococcal infections is under investigation.
  • #17
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41669-024-00488-5
    In the base case analysis, infant vaccination with 4CMenB avoided 3101 MenB IMD cases in infants aged 1 year (54%) and 6845 cases in all age groups (21%). The estimated incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 316,272/quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) but was highly sensitive to the types of sequelae included, MenB incidence, vaccine effectiveness parameters, and consideration of life-expectancy in IMD survivors (range: 65,272/QALY to 493,218/QALY). […] Using economic models compliant with French methodology guidelines, 4CMenB does not seem cost-effective; however, results are sensitive to model choices and 4CMenB immunization is an effective strategy to prevent MenB IMD cases and to improve quality of life and economic burden associated with MenB IMD treatment, especially with regard to long-term sequelae.
  • #18
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41669-024-00488-5
    Over a 100-year time horizon, an infant vaccination strategy with the multicomponent meningococcal serogroup B vaccine (4CMenB) could avoid 3101 MenB invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) cases in infants aged 1 year (54%) and 6845 cases in all age groups (21%). […] Vaccination with 4CMenB does not seem cost-effective under base-case assumptions. […] Cost-effectiveness results depend on model choices, such as discount rates, quality-of-life assumptions, vaccine effectiveness, and inclusion of all sequelae potentially related to IMD; model assumptions must be considered when interpreting incremental cost-effectiveness ratios.
  • #19
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41669-024-00488-5
    In the base case analysis, infant vaccination with 4CMenB avoided 3101 MenB IMD cases in infants aged 1 year (54%) and 6845 cases in all age groups (21%). The estimated incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was 316,272/quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) but was highly sensitive to the types of sequelae included, MenB incidence, vaccine effectiveness parameters, and consideration of life-expectancy in IMD survivors (range: 65,272/QALY to 493,218/QALY). […] Using economic models compliant with French methodology guidelines, 4CMenB does not seem cost-effective; however, results are sensitive to model choices and 4CMenB immunization is an effective strategy to prevent MenB IMD cases and to improve quality of life and economic burden associated with MenB IMD treatment, especially with regard to long-term sequelae.
  • #20
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41669-024-00488-5
    Over a 100-year time horizon, an infant vaccination strategy with the multicomponent meningococcal serogroup B vaccine (4CMenB) could avoid 3101 MenB invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) cases in infants aged 1 year (54%) and 6845 cases in all age groups (21%). […] Vaccination with 4CMenB does not seem cost-effective under base-case assumptions. […] Cost-effectiveness results depend on model choices, such as discount rates, quality-of-life assumptions, vaccine effectiveness, and inclusion of all sequelae potentially related to IMD; model assumptions must be considered when interpreting incremental cost-effectiveness ratios.
  • #21 Meningococcal Group B Vaccine For The Prevention Of Invasive Meningococcal Disease Caused By Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6793463/
    Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is a major public health concern because of its high case fatality, long-term morbidity, and potential to course with outbreaks. […] Two protein-based vaccines, namely 4CMenB (Bexsero) and rLP2086 (Trumenba) are currently licensed for use in different countries against MenB disease. […] Real-world data on the vaccine-use are rapidly accumulating from the UK and other countries which used the vaccine for control of outbreak or as part of routine immunization program, reiterating its safety and efficacy. […] Additional data on real-life effectiveness, long-term immunity, and eventual herd effects, including estimates on vaccine impact for cost-effectiveness assessment are further needed. […] Given the predominance of MenB in Europe and other parts of the world, these new vaccines are crucial for the prevention and public health control of the disease, and should be considered.
  • #22 MenB vaccine – NHS
    https://www.nhs.uk/vaccinations/menb-vaccine/
    The MenB vaccine works very well at protecting children against most types of meningococcal group B bacteria in the UK. […] Research has shown that the vaccine is very effective at preventing illnesses caused by these bacteria. […] Before the MenB vaccine was introduced, meningococcal group B bacteria were the biggest cause of meningitis and sepsis in the UK. […] Since the vaccine has been used in the UK, there has been a big drop in the number of young children getting MenB illnesses. […] The MenB vaccine does not protect against other causes of meningitis and sepsis, so it’s still important to be aware of the symptoms.
  • #23 Evaluating the Impact of Meningococcal Vaccines With Synthetic Controls
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8971084/
    Our work has some limitations. Using time series of IMD cases in non-vaccine-eligible age groups as controls comes with inherent risks of generating biased impact estimates. […] Present results suggest that the SC model could be successfully applied to evaluate meningococcal immunization campaigns targeting adolescents and adults, where indirect effects could hamper a correct assessment of the overall impact. […] In conclusion, we showed that the SC model is a promising approach for estimating the impact of meningococcal immunization programs.
  • #24 Meningococcal Group B Vaccine For The Prevention Of Invasive Meningococcal Disease Caused By Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6793463/
    The selection of proteins to be included was based on its ability to induce bactericidal antibodies, its prevalence across different B strains, and its capacity to confer protection in an infected mouse model. […] The current vaccine formulation contains A05 and B01 variants of the fHbp, with the addition of aluminium salt as an adjuvant. […] The immunogenicity of 4CMenB in adolescents was studied in four clinical studies as part of the clinical vaccine development program and eventual planned marketing authorization in the similar age group. […] The vaccine effectiveness of the 2-dose primary series was 82.9% against all Men B cases during the first 10 months of the program. […] The preliminary effectiveness assessment for 4CMenB in the UK, Canada, or Spain, looks positively promising. […] Overall, with the remaining burden of invasive meningococcal disease across Europe and other parts of the world, mostly of serogroup B meningococcus, new vaccines should highly be considered for broad use.
  • #25 MenB vaccine – NHS
    https://www.nhs.uk/vaccinations/menb-vaccine/
    The MenB vaccine works very well at protecting children against most types of meningococcal group B bacteria in the UK. […] Research has shown that the vaccine is very effective at preventing illnesses caused by these bacteria. […] Before the MenB vaccine was introduced, meningococcal group B bacteria were the biggest cause of meningitis and sepsis in the UK. […] Since the vaccine has been used in the UK, there has been a big drop in the number of young children getting MenB illnesses. […] The MenB vaccine does not protect against other causes of meningitis and sepsis, so it’s still important to be aware of the symptoms.
  • #26 Meningococcal Group B Vaccine For The Prevention Of Invasive Meningococcal Disease Caused By Neisseria meningitidis Serogroup B
    https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6793463/
    The selection of proteins to be included was based on its ability to induce bactericidal antibodies, its prevalence across different B strains, and its capacity to confer protection in an infected mouse model. […] The current vaccine formulation contains A05 and B01 variants of the fHbp, with the addition of aluminium salt as an adjuvant. […] The immunogenicity of 4CMenB in adolescents was studied in four clinical studies as part of the clinical vaccine development program and eventual planned marketing authorization in the similar age group. […] The vaccine effectiveness of the 2-dose primary series was 82.9% against all Men B cases during the first 10 months of the program. […] The preliminary effectiveness assessment for 4CMenB in the UK, Canada, or Spain, looks positively promising. […] Overall, with the remaining burden of invasive meningococcal disease across Europe and other parts of the world, mostly of serogroup B meningococcus, new vaccines should highly be considered for broad use.