Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Vasovagal Syncope | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/v/vasovagal-syncope.html

  Vasovagal syncope is a condition that leads to fainting in some people. It’s also called neurocardiogenic syncope or reflex syncope. It’s the most common cause of fainting. It’s usually not harmful and not a sign of a more serious problem. […] Vasovagal syncope is quite common. It most often affects children and young adults, but it can happen at any age. It happens to men and women in about equal numbers. Unlike some other causes of fainting, vasovagal syncope does not signal an underlying problem with the heart or brain. […] Watch for the warning signs of vasovagal syncope, like dizziness, nausea, or sweaty palms. If you have a history of vasovagal syncope and think you are about to faint, lie down right away. Tensing your arms or crossing your legs can help prevent fainting. Passively raising or propping up your legs in the air can also help.

• #2 Syncope: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2017/0301/p303.html

  Neurally mediated syncope is the most common type, comprising approximately 45% of cases. […] The treatment of neurally mediated and orthostatic hypotension syncope is largely supportive, although severe cases may require pharmacotherapy. […] Patients with syncope who are at low risk of adverse events (e.g., those with symptoms consistent with vasovagal or orthostatic hypotension syncope, no history of heart disease, no family history of sudden cardiac death, and normal electrocardiographic findings) may be safely followed without further intervention or treatment. […] Treatment of neurally mediated syncope includes reassurance, education, and physical therapy. […] In situational syncope, it is important to avoid potential triggers. […] Physical counterpressure maneuvers such as leg crossing, squatting, and tensing the lower extremities are effective at the onset of prodromal symptoms.

• #3 Vasovagal Syncope

  https://johnshopkinshealthcare.staywellsolutionsonline.com/Library/DiseasesConditions/Adult/134,592

  Vasovagal syncope is a condition that leads to fainting in some people. It’s also called neurocardiogenic syncope or reflex syncope. It’s the most common cause of fainting. It’s usually not harmful and not a sign of a more serious problem. […] Vasovagal syncope is quite common. It most often affects children and young adults, but it can happen at any age. It happens to men and women in about equal numbers. Unlike some other causes of fainting, vasovagal syncope does not signal an underlying problem with the heart or brain. […] Fainting is the defining symptom of vasovagal syncope. Often you may have certain symptoms before actually fainting, such as: nausea, warmth, turning pale, getting sweaty palms, feeling dizzy or lightheaded, blurred vision. […] If you can lie down at the first sign of these symptoms, you will often be able to prevent fainting.

• #4 Patient education: Syncope (fainting) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/syncope-fainting-beyond-the-basics/print

  Vasovagal syncope – The most common type of syncope in all age groups, but especially in young people, is called vasovagal syncope. Vasovagal syncope is by far the most common type of a group of conditions called reflex syncope. A variety of conditions can trigger vasovagal syncope, including physical or psychological stress, dehydration, bleeding, or pain. The heart rate may slow dramatically at the time of the faint, and the blood vessels (mainly the veins) in the body expand, causing blood to pool in the lower extremities and the bowels, resulting in less blood return to the heart and a low blood pressure (hypotension). This causes a decrease in blood flow to the brain which causes near or complete loss of consciousness. Fortunately, blood flow is usually sufficiently restored when the person falls down or is placed in a horizontal position.

• #5 Vasovagal syncope // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/vasovagal-syncope

  Vasovagal syncope is usually harmless and requires no treatment. […] Your healthcare professional may help you understand your fainting triggers and discuss ways you might avoid them. […] If vasovagal syncope interferes with your quality of life, your healthcare professional may suggest trying one or more of the following remedies: […] Your healthcare professional may recommend ways to lessen the pooling of blood in your legs. These may include foot exercises, wearing compression stockings or tensing your leg muscles when standing. […] Very rarely, inserting an electrical pacemaker to regulate the heartbeat helps some people with vasovagal syncope who haven’t been helped by other treatments.

• #6 Syncope: Symptoms, Causes & Treatments

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17536-syncope

  Vasovagal syncope happens when you have a sudden drop in blood pressure, which causes a drop in blood flow to your brain. It often occurs after standing for a while or under emotional distress. Normally, when you stand up, gravity makes blood settle in the lower part of your body, below your diaphragm. When that happens, your heart and autonomic nervous system work to keep your blood pressure stable. […] In vasovagal syncope, your heart rate and blood pressure inappropriately decrease severely. This causes decreased blood flow to your brain and leads to passing out. Typically, vasovagal syncope is benign. […] Treatment options will depend on what’s causing your syncope and the results of your evaluation and testing. The goal of treatment is to keep you from having episodes of syncope. […] Your healthcare team will develop a treatment plan that’s right for you and talk to you about your treatment options.

• #7 Vasovagal Syncope: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23325-vasovagal-syncope

  Vasovagal syncope happens when your nervous system overreacts and your blood pressure and heart rate drop suddenly, causing you to faint or pass out. You’re usually unconscious for less than one minute. […] Most people who have vasovagal syncope will recover on their own. For others, treatment may include: IV fluids. These are especially helpful if you’re dehydrated. […] Knowing what causes vasovagal syncope can help you avoid that trigger or at least be ready for it. You may be able to avoid passing out entirely. […] If you pass out, you should receive emergency medical care right away. Serious or life-threatening conditions can cause vasovagal syncope. A healthcare provider should examine you right away to determine if a more severe condition caused you to faint. […] You may be able to prevent vasovagal syncope episodes by drinking more fluids, eating more salt and standing up slowly. Talk with your provider before you increase your salt intake, as it increases your blood pressure.

• #8 Patient education: Syncope (fainting) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/syncope-fainting-beyond-the-basics/print

  Vasovagal syncope – The most common type of syncope in all age groups, but especially in young people, is called vasovagal syncope. Vasovagal syncope is by far the most common type of a group of conditions called reflex syncope. A variety of conditions can trigger vasovagal syncope, including physical or psychological stress, dehydration, bleeding, or pain. The heart rate may slow dramatically at the time of the faint, and the blood vessels (mainly the veins) in the body expand, causing blood to pool in the lower extremities and the bowels, resulting in less blood return to the heart and a low blood pressure (hypotension). This causes a decrease in blood flow to the brain which causes near or complete loss of consciousness. Fortunately, blood flow is usually sufficiently restored when the person falls down or is placed in a horizontal position.

• #9 Treatment for Vasovagal Syncope | Saint Luke’s Health System

  https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/treatment-vasovagal-syncope

  Try to avoid situations that put you at risk. Be sure to stay well hydrated. Don’t skip meals. […] Watch for the warning signs of vasovagal syncope. These can include: Nausea. Warm, flushed feeling. Face that turns pale. Sweaty palms. Dizziness. Blurred vision. […] If you think you are about to faint, try one or more of these tips: Lie down right away. Prop your feet up so that they are higher than your head. Tense up your arms. Cross your legs. […] If you faint, once you regain consciousness, rest for a little while before getting up and moving around again. […] Fainting can be dangerous if it happens at certain times, like while driving. If you have chronic syncope that is not under control or if the cause of your syncope is unknown, your healthcare provider may advise you not to drive. This is especially important if you dont have warning signs before you faint. Talk with your healthcare provider about whats safe for you to do.

• #10 Syncope: Nursing Diagnoses & Care Plans | NurseTogether

  https://www.nursetogether.com/syncope-nursing-diagnosis-care-plan/

  Syncope is referred to as a brief lapse in consciousness causing fainting which is related to insufficient blood flow to the brain. […] This condition is caused by a trigger that slows the heart or dilates the blood vessels, causing blood pressure to drop and decreasing blood flow to the brain. […] Vasovagal Syncope This is the most common type of reflex syncope and is triggered by dehydration, sudden change to an upright position, and emotions. […] Identification and treatment of the underlying condition, reducing risk for injuries, and prevention of complications are the primary goals in the management of syncope. Nurses play an essential role in all phases of the treatment regimen for patients with syncope as they are responsible for the identification of at-risk patients through obtaining a comprehensive history as well as preparing for testing and preventing falls and complications.

• #11 Treatment for Vasovagal Syncope | Saint Luke’s Health System

  https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/treatment-vasovagal-syncope

  Try to avoid situations that put you at risk. Be sure to stay well hydrated. Don’t skip meals. […] Watch for the warning signs of vasovagal syncope. These can include: Nausea. Warm, flushed feeling. Face that turns pale. Sweaty palms. Dizziness. Blurred vision. […] If you think you are about to faint, try one or more of these tips: Lie down right away. Prop your feet up so that they are higher than your head. Tense up your arms. Cross your legs. […] If you faint, once you regain consciousness, rest for a little while before getting up and moving around again. […] Fainting can be dangerous if it happens at certain times, like while driving. If you have chronic syncope that is not under control or if the cause of your syncope is unknown, your healthcare provider may advise you not to drive. This is especially important if you dont have warning signs before you faint. Talk with your healthcare provider about whats safe for you to do.

• #12 Managing Vasovagal Reactions in the Outpatient Pain Clinic Setting: A Review for Pain Medicine Physicians Not Trained in Anesthesiology

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11009683/

  Vasovagal syncope, often referred to as fainting, is a common phenomenon that, while benign in nature, is associated with potential major consequences for patients and health care providers. […] Vasovagal reactions represent the most frequently encountered adverse event seen in the pain clinic with a prevalence ranging between 0.53% of interventional pain procedures, as well as a high percentage of aborted procedures as a result. […] Although the anesthesiologist is well versed in the management of managing vasovagal syncope, many non-anesthesiology trained physicians may have less experience in these situations. […] It is imperative that interventional pain physicians appropriately respond to vasovagal events and consider causes that may require escalation of care as more serious pathology may present with a similar clinical appearance.

• #13 Patient education: Syncope (fainting) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/syncope-fainting-beyond-the-basics

  In most cases of vasovagal syncope, you have some warning that you are near fainting. These signs include dizziness, feeling hot or cold, nausea, pale skin, „tunnel-like” vision, disturbance of hearing, and profuse sweating. After the episode, symptoms may continue because of continued low blood pressure. Some people feel extremely tired afterward. In some cases, particularly in older people, the person may not remember having experienced any warning symptoms after they recover. […] Vasovagal syncope treatment – Vasovagal syncope can usually be treated by learning to take precautions to avoid potential triggers and minimize the potential risk of harm. For example, if you faint while blood is being drawn, you may be instructed to lie down during the procedure. If you have a feeling that you will pass out during any activity, you should immediately lie down and elevate your legs. Staying well hydrated is one of the basics of treatment to prevent vasovagal syncope.

• #14 Vasovagal Syncope

  https://johnshopkinshealthcare.staywellsolutionsonline.com/Library/DiseasesConditions/Adult/134,592

  Vasovagal syncope is a condition that leads to fainting in some people. It’s also called neurocardiogenic syncope or reflex syncope. It’s the most common cause of fainting. It’s usually not harmful and not a sign of a more serious problem. […] Vasovagal syncope is quite common. It most often affects children and young adults, but it can happen at any age. It happens to men and women in about equal numbers. Unlike some other causes of fainting, vasovagal syncope does not signal an underlying problem with the heart or brain. […] Fainting is the defining symptom of vasovagal syncope. Often you may have certain symptoms before actually fainting, such as: nausea, warmth, turning pale, getting sweaty palms, feeling dizzy or lightheaded, blurred vision. […] If you can lie down at the first sign of these symptoms, you will often be able to prevent fainting.

• #15 Treatment for Vasovagal Syncope | Saint Luke’s Health System

  https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/treatment-vasovagal-syncope

  Try to avoid situations that put you at risk. Be sure to stay well hydrated. Don’t skip meals. […] Watch for the warning signs of vasovagal syncope. These can include: Nausea. Warm, flushed feeling. Face that turns pale. Sweaty palms. Dizziness. Blurred vision. […] If you think you are about to faint, try one or more of these tips: Lie down right away. Prop your feet up so that they are higher than your head. Tense up your arms. Cross your legs. […] If you faint, once you regain consciousness, rest for a little while before getting up and moving around again. […] Fainting can be dangerous if it happens at certain times, like while driving. If you have chronic syncope that is not under control or if the cause of your syncope is unknown, your healthcare provider may advise you not to drive. This is especially important if you dont have warning signs before you faint. Talk with your healthcare provider about whats safe for you to do.

• #16 Patient education: Syncope (fainting) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/syncope-fainting-beyond-the-basics

  In most cases of vasovagal syncope, you have some warning that you are near fainting. These signs include dizziness, feeling hot or cold, nausea, pale skin, „tunnel-like” vision, disturbance of hearing, and profuse sweating. After the episode, symptoms may continue because of continued low blood pressure. Some people feel extremely tired afterward. In some cases, particularly in older people, the person may not remember having experienced any warning symptoms after they recover. […] Vasovagal syncope treatment – Vasovagal syncope can usually be treated by learning to take precautions to avoid potential triggers and minimize the potential risk of harm. For example, if you faint while blood is being drawn, you may be instructed to lie down during the procedure. If you have a feeling that you will pass out during any activity, you should immediately lie down and elevate your legs. Staying well hydrated is one of the basics of treatment to prevent vasovagal syncope.

• #17 Vasovagal syncope – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/vasovagal-syncope/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350531

  Diagnosing vasovagal syncope often begins with a physical exam. During the physical exam, your healthcare professional listens to your heart and takes your blood pressure. Your healthcare professional may massage the main arteries in your neck to see if that causes you to feel faint. […] In most cases of vasovagal syncope, treatment is unnecessary. Your healthcare professional may help you understand your fainting triggers and discuss ways you might avoid them. […] If vasovagal syncope interferes with your quality of life, your healthcare professional may suggest trying one or more of the following remedies: […] Your healthcare professional may recommend ways to lessen the pooling of blood in your legs. These may include foot exercises, wearing compression stockings or tensing your leg muscles when standing. You may need to increase salt in your diet if you don’t usually have high blood pressure. Avoid prolonged standing especially in hot, crowded places and drink plenty of fluids. […] Very rarely, inserting an electrical pacemaker to regulate the heartbeat helps some people with vasovagal syncope who haven’t been helped by other treatments.

• #18 Syncope Nursing Care Plan Template & Example | Free PDF Download

  https://www.carepatron.com/templates/syncope-nursing-care-plan-template

  A nursing care plan provides tailored interventions for each patient based on their unique triggers and symptoms, such as carotid sinus syncope or other forms of syncope. […] The care plan can be used to document referrals for diagnostic tests, such as the tilt table test, to identify conduction abnormalities and other underlying causes of syncope. This helps in determining appropriate treatment options and in communicating this with other healthcare professionals. […] The care plan template can be used to educate and inform patients about their condition, possible diagnosis, treatment goals, and interventions.

• #19

  https://journals.lww.com/nursingmadeincrediblyeasy/fulltext/2012/05000/is_your_patient_having_a_vasovagal_reaction_.13.aspx

  These patients experienced a very common reaction known as vasovagal syncope. […] Although the body quickly compensates for this drop in heart rate and BP, there are certain things that you should do if this happens to your patient. […] If a patient becomes lightheaded, make sure that he or she is safe. […] Stay with the patient and monitor heart rate and respirations. […] When the patient has regained consciousness, take a full set of vital signs and keep him or her in a supine position until BP and pulse are stable. […] If this is the first time the patient has experienced a vasovagal reaction, he or she should be evaluated to eliminate the possibility of another cause. […] Even if a patient has a history of vasovagal reactions, an increase in the frequency of syncopal episodes should always be evaluated.

• #20 Syncope: Nursing Diagnoses & Care Plans | NurseTogether

  https://www.nursetogether.com/syncope-nursing-diagnosis-care-plan/

  Syncope is referred to as a brief lapse in consciousness causing fainting which is related to insufficient blood flow to the brain. […] This condition is caused by a trigger that slows the heart or dilates the blood vessels, causing blood pressure to drop and decreasing blood flow to the brain. […] Vasovagal Syncope This is the most common type of reflex syncope and is triggered by dehydration, sudden change to an upright position, and emotions. […] Identification and treatment of the underlying condition, reducing risk for injuries, and prevention of complications are the primary goals in the management of syncope. Nurses play an essential role in all phases of the treatment regimen for patients with syncope as they are responsible for the identification of at-risk patients through obtaining a comprehensive history as well as preparing for testing and preventing falls and complications.

• #21 Nursing Care Plan For Syncope – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-syncope/

  In this nursing care plan for syncope, a thorough nursing assessment is essential to identify potential triggers and risk factors for syncope, such as medication use, postural changes, or cardiovascular abnormalities. Timely intervention and close monitoring are vital to prevent injury and complications associated with loss of consciousness. […] In conclusion, the nursing care plan for syncope is designed to provide holistic care, ensure patient safety, identify underlying causes, and promote patient education and emotional support. By adhering to evidence-based practices and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, nurses can play a crucial role in the management of syncope and improve the overall quality of life for individuals experiencing these episodes. […] By conducting a thorough nursing assessment for syncope, healthcare providers can identify potential underlying causes and risk factors, leading to appropriate diagnostic tests and interventions. Early recognition and management of syncope are essential to prevent complications and improve patient outcomes.

• #22 Syncope Nursing Diagnosis & Care Plan – NurseStudy.Net

  https://nursestudy.net/syncope-nursing-diagnosis/

  Syncope is characterized by a temporary loss of consciousness and postural tone due to reduced cerebral blood flow. Healthcare professionals, particularly nurses, play a crucial role in identifying risk factors, implementing preventive measures, and providing comprehensive care for patients experiencing syncope episodes. […] Vasovagal syncope (most common) […] Nursing Diagnosis Statement: Risk for falls related to sudden loss of consciousness and postural tone secondary to syncopal episodes. […] Nursing Interventions and Rationales: Implement fall precautions […] Perform frequent safety rounds […] Assist with ambulation […] Nursing Diagnosis Statement: Ineffective tissue perfusion related to decreased cardiac output and cerebral blood flow as evidenced by syncopal episodes. […] Nursing Interventions and Rationales: Monitor vital signs

• #23 Syncope Nursing Diagnosis & Care Plan – NurseStudy.Net

  https://nursestudy.net/syncope-nursing-diagnosis/

  Syncope is characterized by a temporary loss of consciousness and postural tone due to reduced cerebral blood flow. Healthcare professionals, particularly nurses, play a crucial role in identifying risk factors, implementing preventive measures, and providing comprehensive care for patients experiencing syncope episodes. […] Vasovagal syncope (most common) […] Nursing Diagnosis Statement: Risk for falls related to sudden loss of consciousness and postural tone secondary to syncopal episodes. […] Nursing Interventions and Rationales: Implement fall precautions […] Perform frequent safety rounds […] Assist with ambulation […] Nursing Diagnosis Statement: Ineffective tissue perfusion related to decreased cardiac output and cerebral blood flow as evidenced by syncopal episodes. […] Nursing Interventions and Rationales: Monitor vital signs

• #24 Syncope Nursing Diagnosis & Care Plan – NurseStudy.Net

  https://nursestudy.net/syncope-nursing-diagnosis/

  Implement positional changes gradually […] Maintain adequate hydration […] Nursing Diagnosis Statement: Knowledge deficit related to lack of information about syncope management as evidenced by verbalization of uncertainty about self-care measures. […] Nursing Interventions and Rationales: Provide patient education […] Teach warning signs recognition […] Demonstrate safety measures […] Nursing Diagnosis Statement: Anxiety related to fear of recurrent syncopal episodes as evidenced by expressed concerns and increased tension. […] Nursing Interventions and Rationales: Provide emotional support […] Teach relaxation techniques […] Encourage expression of concerns […] Nursing Diagnosis Statement: Risk for injury related to sudden loss of consciousness during syncopal episodes.

• #25 Vasovagal Syncope

  https://johnshopkinshealthcare.staywellsolutionsonline.com/Library/DiseasesConditions/Adult/134,592

  To immediately treat someone who has fainted from vasovagal syncope, help the person lie down and lift their legs up in the air. This will restore blood flow to the brain, and the person should quickly regain consciousness. […] If you have had episodes of vasovagal syncope, your healthcare provider might make some suggestions on how to help prevent fainting. These might include: avoiding triggers, such as standing for a long time or the sight of blood, moderate exercise training, discontinuing medicines that lower blood pressure, like diuretics, eating a higher salt diet, to help keep up blood volume, drinking plenty of fluids, to maintain blood volume, wearing compression stockings or abdominal binders. […] Vasovagal syncope itself is generally not dangerous. Of course, fainting can lead to injuries from falling.

• #26 Get Savvy to syncope

  https://www.myamericannurse.com/get-savvy-to-syncope/

  If you’re present when a patient experiences syncope, your first priority is to ensure the ABCs (airway, breathing, and circulation). Have her lie down; then connect her to a heart monitor and obtain vital signs. As needed and ordered, administer oxygen, establish I.V. access, and assist with emergency cardioversion or defibrillation. Once the episode ends, the patient should be evaluated to determine the underlying cause and rule out life-threatening conditions. […] In syncope resulting from a vasovagal or vasodepressor neurocardiogenic condition, the patient may be prescribed a beta blocker, such as propranolol. These drugs help prevent neurocardiogenic syncope through beta-adrenergic stimulation and cardiac hypercontractility. Some studies show that beta blockers play a role in treating vasovagal syncope by blocking the afferent stimulus in the vasovagal reflex.

• #27

  https://journals.lww.com/nursingmadeincrediblyeasy/fulltext/2012/05000/is_your_patient_having_a_vasovagal_reaction_.13.aspx

  These patients experienced a very common reaction known as vasovagal syncope. […] Although the body quickly compensates for this drop in heart rate and BP, there are certain things that you should do if this happens to your patient. […] If a patient becomes lightheaded, make sure that he or she is safe. […] Stay with the patient and monitor heart rate and respirations. […] When the patient has regained consciousness, take a full set of vital signs and keep him or her in a supine position until BP and pulse are stable. […] If this is the first time the patient has experienced a vasovagal reaction, he or she should be evaluated to eliminate the possibility of another cause. […] Even if a patient has a history of vasovagal reactions, an increase in the frequency of syncopal episodes should always be evaluated.

• #28 Vasovagal Syncope | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/v/vasovagal-syncope.html

  To immediately treat someone who has fainted from vasovagal syncope, help the person lie down and lift their legs up in the air. This will restore blood flow to the brain, and the person should quickly regain consciousness. The person should lie down for a little while afterwards. […] If you have had episodes of vasovagal syncope, your healthcare provider might make some suggestions on how to help prevent fainting. These might include: Avoiding triggers, such as standing for a long time or the sight of blood, Moderate exercise training, Discontinuing medicines that lower blood pressure, like diuretics, Eating a higher salt diet, to help keep up blood volume, Drinking plenty of fluids, to maintain blood volume, Wearing compression stockings or abdominal binders. […] Occasionally, you may need medicine to help control vasovagal syncope. However, research on these medicines has revealed uncertain benefits in vasovagal syncope. These are usually only considered when a person has multiple episodes of fainting. Some of the medicines your healthcare provider may advise a trial of include: Alpha-1-adrenergic agonists to increase blood pressure, Corticosteroids to help increase the sodium and fluid levels, Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), to moderate the nervous system response. […] If these medicines are ineffective, healthcare providers sometimes try orthostatic training. This method uses a tilt table to gradually increase the amount of time spent upright. Rarely, in cases where a significant slowing of the heartbeat or pausing is found, a heart pacemaker is needed.

• #29 Treatment for Vasovagal Syncope | Saint Luke’s Health System

  https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/treatment-vasovagal-syncope

  Vasovagal syncope is fainting caused by a complex reaction involving the nerves and blood vessels in the body. The syncope occurs as a result of a sudden drop in blood pressure and/or heart rate causing a brief lack of blood flow to the brain. Its the most common cause of fainting. Unlike other causes of fainting, its not a sign of a significant problem with the heart or brain. […] If you have had episodes of vasovagal syncope, your healthcare provider may tell you how to help prevent fainting. These might include: Staying away from known triggers, such as standing for a long time or getting too hot. Stopping medicines that lower blood pressure, such as diuretics. Eating foods with more salt, to help keep up blood volume. Drinking plenty of fluids, to maintain blood volume. Doing moderate exercise, such as lower leg strength training. Wearing support stockings to prevent blood pooling in the legs while standing.

• #30 Patient education: Syncope (fainting) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/syncope-fainting-beyond-the-basics/print

  Counter-pressure maneuvers – Counter-pressure maneuvers such as tensing your arms with clenched fists, leg pumping, and leg-crossing may stop a vasovagal syncopal episode, or at least delay it long enough that you can lie down with the feet elevated. Such maneuvers include: Leg crossing while tensing the leg, abdominal, and buttock muscles. Hand gripping, which involves gripping a rubber ball or similar object as hard as possible. Arm tensing, which involves gripping one hand with the other while simultaneously moving both arms away from the body. […] Orthostatic training – In people with orthostatic hypotension and vasovagal syncope, orthostatic training (sometimes called standing training) may be useful to reduce susceptibility to future syncope. Techniques are designed to decrease pooling of blood in the extremities, which can allow the blood pressure to drop when you stand. Methods to decrease this problem include the following: Wearing elastic compression stockings on the feet and lower legs. Contraction of the leg muscles before standing up from a seated or lying-down position and while standing for a prolonged period of time. Rising to stand slowly and in stages.

• #31 Get Savvy to syncope

  https://www.myamericannurse.com/get-savvy-to-syncope/

  If your patient experienced a recent syncopal episode or has a history of such episodes, provide instruction about the cause, treatment, and medications (if prescribed). After an episode of noncardiac syncope, teach her about the importance of recognizing warning signs, such as light-headedness, pallor, and nausea. Tell her to lie down at the first sign of dizziness to help prevent loss of consciousness. In vasovagal syncope, advise her to elevate her legs to boost blood flow to the brain. […] By understanding syncopes causes and management, you can help determine whether the episode is benign or potentially serious. For most patients experiencing a fainting spell, your syncope savvy will allow you to provide reassurance that the incident is harmless.

• #32 Syncope Nursing Diagnosis & Care Plan – NurseStudy.Net

  https://nursestudy.net/syncope-nursing-diagnosis/

  Nursing Interventions and Rationales: Create safe environment […] Teach safety precautions […] Develop an emergency action plan […] Effective patient education should include: Recognition of prodromal symptoms […] Trigger avoidance strategies […] Proper positioning techniques […] Medication management […] Lifestyle modifications […] Emergency response plan.

• #33 Nursing Care Plan For Syncope – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-syncope/

  In conclusion, the nursing care plan for syncope is designed to provide comprehensive care and support for individuals experiencing transient loss of consciousness. Through evidence-based interventions and a patient-centered approach, nurses play a crucial role in managing syncope, promoting patient safety, and improving overall well-being. […] Education plays a significant role in the care plan, empowering patients and their families with knowledge about syncope triggers, preventive measures, and self-management techniques. By promoting patient education, nurses enable individuals to actively participate in their care and take steps to prevent further episodes. […] In conclusion, the nursing care plan for syncope revolves around patient safety, education, and collaborative management. By providing holistic and individualized care, nurses can make a significant impact in effectively managing syncope, enhancing patient outcomes, and improving the overall quality of life for individuals experiencing these episodes. Through compassion, vigilance, and evidence-based practices, nurses play a pivotal role in supporting patients on their journey to optimal health and well-being in the context of syncope management.

• #34 Vasovagal syncope – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/vasovagal-syncope/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350531

  Diagnosing vasovagal syncope often begins with a physical exam. During the physical exam, your healthcare professional listens to your heart and takes your blood pressure. Your healthcare professional may massage the main arteries in your neck to see if that causes you to feel faint. […] In most cases of vasovagal syncope, treatment is unnecessary. Your healthcare professional may help you understand your fainting triggers and discuss ways you might avoid them. […] If vasovagal syncope interferes with your quality of life, your healthcare professional may suggest trying one or more of the following remedies: […] Your healthcare professional may recommend ways to lessen the pooling of blood in your legs. These may include foot exercises, wearing compression stockings or tensing your leg muscles when standing. You may need to increase salt in your diet if you don’t usually have high blood pressure. Avoid prolonged standing especially in hot, crowded places and drink plenty of fluids. […] Very rarely, inserting an electrical pacemaker to regulate the heartbeat helps some people with vasovagal syncope who haven’t been helped by other treatments.

• #35 Treatment for Vasovagal Syncope | Saint Luke’s Health System

  https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/treatment-vasovagal-syncope

  Vasovagal syncope is fainting caused by a complex reaction involving the nerves and blood vessels in the body. The syncope occurs as a result of a sudden drop in blood pressure and/or heart rate causing a brief lack of blood flow to the brain. Its the most common cause of fainting. Unlike other causes of fainting, its not a sign of a significant problem with the heart or brain. […] If you have had episodes of vasovagal syncope, your healthcare provider may tell you how to help prevent fainting. These might include: Staying away from known triggers, such as standing for a long time or getting too hot. Stopping medicines that lower blood pressure, such as diuretics. Eating foods with more salt, to help keep up blood volume. Drinking plenty of fluids, to maintain blood volume. Doing moderate exercise, such as lower leg strength training. Wearing support stockings to prevent blood pooling in the legs while standing.

• #36 Syncope Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Prehospital Care, Emergency Department Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/811669-treatment

  In patients with vasovagal syncope (VVS), physical counterpressure maneuvers can be beneficial to those who have a sufficiently long prodromal period (class IIa). […] In those with recurrent VVS without a history of hypertension, heart failure, or urinary retention, use of midodrine is reasonable (class IIa). […] In a 2023 systematic review and meta-analysis of 18 studies comprising data from 1130 participants to evaluate the utility of nonpharmacologic and nonpacing therapies to prevent VVS, Alharbi et al reported yoga (largest effect size), physical counterpressure maneuvers, and yoga (lowest effect size) show potential in preventing recurrent VVS and can be considered as viable treatment options. […] Serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitors appear to show potential in preventing vasovagal syncope. In a 2024 systematic review and meta-analysis of 3 studies comprising data from 204 patients, Raj et al found these agents substantially lowered the likelihood of a patient having at least one recurrence of vasovagal syncope as well as provided significant protection against clinical presyncope.

• #37 Syncope Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Prehospital Care, Emergency Department Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/811669-treatment

  In patients with vasovagal syncope (VVS), physical counterpressure maneuvers can be beneficial to those who have a sufficiently long prodromal period (class IIa). […] In those with recurrent VVS without a history of hypertension, heart failure, or urinary retention, use of midodrine is reasonable (class IIa). […] In a 2023 systematic review and meta-analysis of 18 studies comprising data from 1130 participants to evaluate the utility of nonpharmacologic and nonpacing therapies to prevent VVS, Alharbi et al reported yoga (largest effect size), physical counterpressure maneuvers, and yoga (lowest effect size) show potential in preventing recurrent VVS and can be considered as viable treatment options. […] Serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitors appear to show potential in preventing vasovagal syncope. In a 2024 systematic review and meta-analysis of 3 studies comprising data from 204 patients, Raj et al found these agents substantially lowered the likelihood of a patient having at least one recurrence of vasovagal syncope as well as provided significant protection against clinical presyncope.

• #38 Syncope: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2017/0301/p303.html

  Pharmacologic therapy with beta blockers, alpha agonists, and fludrocortisone has shown no effectiveness or conflicting results in reducing vasovagal syncope. […] In patients with severe asystole from neurally mediated syncope, a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial showed that the use of permanent dual chamber pacing reduced the risk of recurrent syncope. […] Treatment of orthostatic hypotension includes education and lifestyle modifications, such as slowly transitioning from a supine or sitting position to standing and increasing fluid and sodium intake. […] If these do not mitigate symptoms, midodrine and fludrocortisone are effective treatments. […] Management of cardiac syncope is directed at the underlying etiology. Options include antiarrhythmic drugs, cardiac pacing, catheter-directed ablation, and, rarely, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator placement.

• #39 Treatment for Vasovagal Syncope | Saint Luke’s Health System

  https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/treatment-vasovagal-syncope

  In some case, your healthcare provider may prescribe a medicine to help control vasovagal syncope. Medicine may or may not work. Your healthcare provider may have you try one of the below: Alpha-1-adrenergic agonist, such as midodrine, to increase your blood pressure. Corticosteroids, such as fludrocortisone, to help increase your sodium and fluid levels. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) to manage your nervous system response. […] If these medicines dont work for you, your healthcare provider may advise orthostatic training. This method uses a tilt table to gradually increase the amount of time you are upright. In rare cases, you may need a cardiac pacemaker to prevent ongoing fainting. […] To help reduce the risk of fainting, try to avoid triggers such as: Standing for long periods. Getting too hot. Exercising for a long time. Feeling intense emotion, such as fear. Feeling intense pain. Seeing blood or a needle.

• #40 Patient education: Syncope (fainting) (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/syncope-fainting-beyond-the-basics

  Medications – People with a heart rhythm problem may be started on medication to control the rhythm. People with orthostatic hypotension may benefit from increasing the amount of blood fluid volume. Often, just increasing intake of electrolyte fluids and salt may be sufficient to prevent future attacks. Fludrocortisone (brand name: Florinef) is one medicine that is used to increase blood volume. Midodrine and droxidopa are medications that constrict blood vessels that may also be used to treat recurrent syncope. […] Pacemakers – A pacemaker is a small device that is implanted under your skin. Wires from the device are threaded to the heart where they emit impulses that help regulate the heartbeat. Pacemakers are often recommended if you have syncope caused by sinus bradycardia, carotid sinus hypersensitivity, or heart block. Some new pacemakers are directly implanted within the heart.

• #41 Syncope Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Prehospital Care, Emergency Department Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/811669-treatment

  In patients with vasovagal syncope (VVS), physical counterpressure maneuvers can be beneficial to those who have a sufficiently long prodromal period (class IIa). […] In those with recurrent VVS without a history of hypertension, heart failure, or urinary retention, use of midodrine is reasonable (class IIa). […] In a 2023 systematic review and meta-analysis of 18 studies comprising data from 1130 participants to evaluate the utility of nonpharmacologic and nonpacing therapies to prevent VVS, Alharbi et al reported yoga (largest effect size), physical counterpressure maneuvers, and yoga (lowest effect size) show potential in preventing recurrent VVS and can be considered as viable treatment options. […] Serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitors appear to show potential in preventing vasovagal syncope. In a 2024 systematic review and meta-analysis of 3 studies comprising data from 204 patients, Raj et al found these agents substantially lowered the likelihood of a patient having at least one recurrence of vasovagal syncope as well as provided significant protection against clinical presyncope.

• #42 Syncope: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2017/0301/p303.html

  Pharmacologic therapy with beta blockers, alpha agonists, and fludrocortisone has shown no effectiveness or conflicting results in reducing vasovagal syncope. […] In patients with severe asystole from neurally mediated syncope, a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial showed that the use of permanent dual chamber pacing reduced the risk of recurrent syncope. […] Treatment of orthostatic hypotension includes education and lifestyle modifications, such as slowly transitioning from a supine or sitting position to standing and increasing fluid and sodium intake. […] If these do not mitigate symptoms, midodrine and fludrocortisone are effective treatments. […] Management of cardiac syncope is directed at the underlying etiology. Options include antiarrhythmic drugs, cardiac pacing, catheter-directed ablation, and, rarely, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator placement.

• #43 Vasovagal Episode – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470277/

  A vasovagal episode or vasovagal syncope is the most common form of reflex syncope. […] This activity describes the risk factors, evaluation, and management of vasovagal episodes and highlights the role of the interprofessional team in enhancing care delivery for affected patients. […] Explain the importance of improving care coordination, with particular emphasis on communication between interprofessional medical teams, to enhance prompt and thorough delivery of care to patients with vasovagal episodes. […] Typically, vasovagal syncope is treated conservatively. When known and avoidable, patients are instructed to avoid triggers. Patients are also instructed to drink more fluids to improve their volume status (and therefore their preload) and to change positions slowly. Patients are educated as to the „warning signs” of a vasovagal event and instructed to place themselves in a supine position should they feel an event coming. This often prevents actual syncope and reduces traumatic risk from falling. In refractory or disabling cases and cases of prolonged asystole, cardiac pacing is a therapeutic option.

• #44 Syncope: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2017/0301/p303.html

  Pharmacologic therapy with beta blockers, alpha agonists, and fludrocortisone has shown no effectiveness or conflicting results in reducing vasovagal syncope. […] In patients with severe asystole from neurally mediated syncope, a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial showed that the use of permanent dual chamber pacing reduced the risk of recurrent syncope. […] Treatment of orthostatic hypotension includes education and lifestyle modifications, such as slowly transitioning from a supine or sitting position to standing and increasing fluid and sodium intake. […] If these do not mitigate symptoms, midodrine and fludrocortisone are effective treatments. […] Management of cardiac syncope is directed at the underlying etiology. Options include antiarrhythmic drugs, cardiac pacing, catheter-directed ablation, and, rarely, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator placement.

• #45

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=abr0578

  Vasovagal syncope (say „vay-zoh-VAY-gul SING-kuh-pee”) is sudden dizziness or fainting that can be set off by things such as pain, stress, fear, or trauma. […] An episode of vasovagal syncope usually responds well to self-care. Other treatment often isn’t needed. But if the fainting keeps happening, your doctor may suggest further treatments. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line (811 in most provinces and territories) if you are having problems. […] If you feel symptoms, lie down with your legs raised. Talk to your doctor about what to do if your symptoms come back. […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor or nurse advice line if: You have more episodes of fainting at home. You do not get better as expected.

• #46 Vasovagal Syncope | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/v/vasovagal-syncope.html

  Vasovagal syncope is a condition that leads to fainting in some people. It’s also called neurocardiogenic syncope or reflex syncope. It’s the most common cause of fainting. It’s usually not harmful and not a sign of a more serious problem. […] Vasovagal syncope is quite common. It most often affects children and young adults, but it can happen at any age. It happens to men and women in about equal numbers. Unlike some other causes of fainting, vasovagal syncope does not signal an underlying problem with the heart or brain. […] Watch for the warning signs of vasovagal syncope, like dizziness, nausea, or sweaty palms. If you have a history of vasovagal syncope and think you are about to faint, lie down right away. Tensing your arms or crossing your legs can help prevent fainting. Passively raising or propping up your legs in the air can also help.

• #47 How to Care for Your Child with a Fainting Episode (Vasovagal Syncope) – Sidra Medicine

  https://www.sidra.org/health-wellness/education-resources/emergency-department-education-material-2/how-to-care-for-your-child-with-a-fainting-episode-vasovagal-syncope/

  If your child experiences the warning signs, they should immediately take the following actions to avoid loss of consciousness and fall: Lie down flat with the legs raised (on a chair or against a wall), Sit down as soon as the warning signs occur, If your child is in a public place and unable to lie or sit down, they can squat down until they feel better, When feeling better, advise them to get up carefully.

• #48 How to Avert a Vasovagal Episode | envisionsrh

  https://www.envisionsrh.com/how-to-avoid-vasovagal

  Everyone hates a vasovagal episode. […] If you recognize the signs and symptoms of a vasovagal, you can almost always stop it and prevent loss of consciousness. […] Best practice: give your clients anticipatory guidance so they can prevent their own vasovagal reactions! […] Essential Point Vasovagal reactions are common, scary, and preventable. Tensing the muscles of the arms, hands, feet, and legs can instantly stop a vasovagal reaction and prevent fainting. […] 1 Simple Step: Stop the Vasovagal Reaction! Isometric contraction of the muscles of the hands, arms, hands, feet, and legs can immediately stop the vasovagal reaction in its tracks and prevent fainting. […] Maintaining communication with your client before and during these types of triggering procedures can help you to notice signs or hear from the client if there are any symptoms of vasovagal.

• #49 How to Avert a Vasovagal Episode | envisionsrh

  https://www.envisionsrh.com/how-to-avoid-vasovagal

  Everyone hates a vasovagal episode. […] If you recognize the signs and symptoms of a vasovagal, you can almost always stop it and prevent loss of consciousness. […] Best practice: give your clients anticipatory guidance so they can prevent their own vasovagal reactions! […] Essential Point Vasovagal reactions are common, scary, and preventable. Tensing the muscles of the arms, hands, feet, and legs can instantly stop a vasovagal reaction and prevent fainting. […] 1 Simple Step: Stop the Vasovagal Reaction! Isometric contraction of the muscles of the hands, arms, hands, feet, and legs can immediately stop the vasovagal reaction in its tracks and prevent fainting. […] Maintaining communication with your client before and during these types of triggering procedures can help you to notice signs or hear from the client if there are any symptoms of vasovagal.

• #50 Diagnosing and Treating Vasovagal Syncope | Banner Health

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/services/heart/vasovagal-syncope

  Vasovagal syncope is a type of fainting (a sudden, temporary loss of consciousness). Fainting from vasovagal syncope happens when theres not enough blood flowing to your brain. […] It’s important to understand vasovagal syncope, because recognizing symptoms may help prevent injuries from falls if you faint. […] If you lie down when you notice these warning signs, you may prevent fainting. It may also help to tense the muscles in your arms and legs and to raise your legs. […] Most people recover quickly, but its important to contact a health care provider after fainting so you can find out whats causing it. […] Lifestyle changes to help treat syncope include: Stay hydrated, Talk to your provider about adding more salt to your diet, Take breaks from standing, Learn relaxation techniques to help cope with stress, Tense your leg muscles periodically or wear compression stockings to help keep blood from pooling in the legs, Get regular physical activity.

• #51 Treatment for Vasovagal Syncope | Saint Luke’s Health System

  https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/treatment-vasovagal-syncope

  Vasovagal syncope is fainting caused by a complex reaction involving the nerves and blood vessels in the body. The syncope occurs as a result of a sudden drop in blood pressure and/or heart rate causing a brief lack of blood flow to the brain. Its the most common cause of fainting. Unlike other causes of fainting, its not a sign of a significant problem with the heart or brain. […] If you have had episodes of vasovagal syncope, your healthcare provider may tell you how to help prevent fainting. These might include: Staying away from known triggers, such as standing for a long time or getting too hot. Stopping medicines that lower blood pressure, such as diuretics. Eating foods with more salt, to help keep up blood volume. Drinking plenty of fluids, to maintain blood volume. Doing moderate exercise, such as lower leg strength training. Wearing support stockings to prevent blood pooling in the legs while standing.

• #52 Treatment for Vasovagal Syncope | Saint Luke’s Health System

  https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/treatment-vasovagal-syncope

  Try to avoid situations that put you at risk. Be sure to stay well hydrated. Don’t skip meals. […] Watch for the warning signs of vasovagal syncope. These can include: Nausea. Warm, flushed feeling. Face that turns pale. Sweaty palms. Dizziness. Blurred vision. […] If you think you are about to faint, try one or more of these tips: Lie down right away. Prop your feet up so that they are higher than your head. Tense up your arms. Cross your legs. […] If you faint, once you regain consciousness, rest for a little while before getting up and moving around again. […] Fainting can be dangerous if it happens at certain times, like while driving. If you have chronic syncope that is not under control or if the cause of your syncope is unknown, your healthcare provider may advise you not to drive. This is especially important if you dont have warning signs before you faint. Talk with your healthcare provider about whats safe for you to do.

• #53 Get Savvy to syncope

  https://www.myamericannurse.com/get-savvy-to-syncope/

  The physician orders routine blood tests for your 31-year-old patient, Tessa Wilkins. As you prepare the venipuncture site, she says, I feel so lightheaded I think I need to lie down. While helping her to an examining table, you see that she looks pale and clammy. Obtaining her vital signs, you find her pulse slow and weak and her blood pressure low. […] For many nurses, this scenario is familiar. Each year, about 1 million Americans experience syncope. By some estimates, 20% to 50% of adults will have at least one syncopal episode during their lives. Roughly 1% to 3% of emergency department visits and 6% of hospital admissions involve syncope. Anxiety, fear, the unpleasant sights or smells of a medical procedure, and a host of other situations can increase parasympathetic tone and trigger vasovagal syncope—the most common syncope type.

• #54 Managing Vasovagal Reactions in the Outpatient Pain Clinic Setting: A Review for Pain Medicine Physicians Not Trained in Anesthesiology

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11009683/

  Pain physicians without anesthesia training may not have as much clinical experience managing vasovagal syncope or other more serious causes of hypotension and altered mental status. […] An algorithmic approach as presented in this article can be applicable to all specialties for such acute events to lead to better patient outcomes. […] In many instances, conservative management of a vasovagal reaction is sufficient for safe recovery. […] If the patient does not experience symptomatic improvement and develops bradycardia and/or hypotension, then IV access should be obtained with prompt administration of fluids. […] Vasoactive medications such as glycopyrrolate, ephedrine and atropine should be used if bradycardia or hypotension occurs and/or if symptoms continue to worsen. […] It is recommended that preventative measures such as vital sign monitoring with pulse oximetry, an electrocardiogram and noninvasive blood pressure should occur prior to and during the interventional pain procedure in patients who may be perceived as a heightened risk of vasovagal event occurrence.

• #55 Vasovagal syncope: why you might faint at the doctor’s office – DR. NOVIKOV WELLNESS AND SKIN CARE

  https://northborodoctor.com/2024/08/20/vasovagal-syncope-why-you-might-faint-at-the-doctors-office/

  Vasovagal syncope is a common and typically benign condition where a person faints due to a sudden drop in heart rate and blood pressure. […] In a medical office, such as during skin procedures, vasovagal syncope can be a concern for both patients and healthcare providers. […] Patients with a history of fainting or those who are particularly anxious about medical procedures should inform their healthcare provider beforehand. This allows the provider to take preventive measures, such as having the patient lie down during the procedure, offering reassurance, or minimizing discomfort. […] Healthcare professionals can mitigate the risk of vasovagal syncope by recognizing the signs early. They can also prepare patients by explaining the procedure in detail, maintaining a calm environment, and ensuring that patients are well-hydrated before the procedure. […] By understanding and preparing for vasovagal syncope, medical offices can provide a safer and more comfortable experience for patients.

• #56 Analysis on Related Factors and Nursing Interventions of Vasovagal Syncope During Ultrasound-guided PICC, American Journal of Nursing Science, Science Publishing Group

  https://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/article/10.11648/j.ajns.20200904.23

  Purpose: To investigate the causes and the nursing interventions of vasovagal syncope (VVS) during ultrasound-guided Modified Seldinger Technique (MST) PICC catheterization. […] Conclusion: The related factors of vasovagal syncope during ultrasound-guided PICC catheterization include overcompression and avulsion on blood vessels and mental stress. Therefore, it is recommended to implement psychological interventions before surgery, reduce compression and avulsion of the vascular access during catheterization, and improve practitioners abilities in vessel selection (vessels with a catheter/vessel ratio less than 45%) and catheterization skills to eliminate the incidence of vasovagal syncope during PICC catheterization.

• #57 Reflex Syncope: What You Need to Know – Minority Nurse

  https://minoritynurse.com/reflex-syncope-what-you-need-to-know/

  Vasovagal syncope is one of three related syncopes that share a common pathophysiology. […] First of all, its important to NOT PANIC. There is nothing you can do to fix it. Prepare for it by observing your patient immediately after giving an injection or drawing blood because these are prime times for a vasovagal episode. […] Make sure the patient is already seated and if you notice your patient is getting pale, sweaty, stuttering, or acting odd, gently guide your patient to a lying position with the feet up. […] While the loss of consciousness will resolve as soon as the patient lies (or falls) down, he or she will probably pass out again if he or she gets up so keep the patient under observation and lying down. […] Your first blood pressure will be low with a heart rate in the 60s or high 50s. Over the next five to 15 minutes the vasodilatation and bradycardia will resolve without intervention but if you let the person stand upboom!

• #58 Managing Vasovagal Reactions in the Outpatient Pain Clinic Setting: A Review for Pain Medicine Physicians Not Trained in Anesthesiology

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11009683/

  Pain physicians without anesthesia training may not have as much clinical experience managing vasovagal syncope or other more serious causes of hypotension and altered mental status. […] An algorithmic approach as presented in this article can be applicable to all specialties for such acute events to lead to better patient outcomes. […] In many instances, conservative management of a vasovagal reaction is sufficient for safe recovery. […] If the patient does not experience symptomatic improvement and develops bradycardia and/or hypotension, then IV access should be obtained with prompt administration of fluids. […] Vasoactive medications such as glycopyrrolate, ephedrine and atropine should be used if bradycardia or hypotension occurs and/or if symptoms continue to worsen. […] It is recommended that preventative measures such as vital sign monitoring with pulse oximetry, an electrocardiogram and noninvasive blood pressure should occur prior to and during the interventional pain procedure in patients who may be perceived as a heightened risk of vasovagal event occurrence.

• #59 Reflex Syncope: What You Need to Know – Minority Nurse

  https://minoritynurse.com/reflex-syncope-what-you-need-to-know/

  So what do you do if this happens to your patient? To recap, dont panic, make sure the patient is safe, call for help, get serial blood pressures, and observe the patient until the BP and heart rate are normal. […] Remember, its a common occurrence and patients that are prone to it will probably do it again. You didnt do anything wrong!

• #60 Syncope Nursing Care Plan Template & Example | Free PDF Download

  https://www.carepatron.com/templates/syncope-nursing-care-plan-template

  After a patient experiences a syncopal episode, a nursing care plan is necessary for immediate assessment, intervention, and ongoing monitoring to ensure their stability, prevent recurrence, and address potential complications. […] Patients with chronic conditions like cardiac issues, neurological disorders, or recurrent syncope episodes require a tailored care plan. […] This plan focuses on long-term management, including monitoring, lifestyle modifications, medication adherence, and preventive strategies. […] Individuals at risk of syncope due to underlying factors such as dehydration, orthostatic hypotension, or medication side effects benefit from a care plan emphasizing preventive measures. […] Following a syncopal episode, a care plan helps follow-up care, including further diagnostic tests, specialist referrals, medication adjustments, and patient education to prevent future occurrences.

• #61 How to Care for Your Child with a Fainting Episode (Vasovagal Syncope) – Sidra Medicine

  https://www.sidra.org/health-wellness/education-resources/emergency-department-education-material-2/how-to-care-for-your-child-with-a-fainting-episode-vasovagal-syncope/

  The most common type of fainting in children is Vasovagal Syncope, caused by a reflex of the nerves that causes either sudden widening of the blood vessels in the legs or a slowing of the heart rate, or both. […] Vasovagal Syncope generally tends to be harmless. […] Diagnosis of vasovagal Syncope is recognized by the usual symptoms and normal examination results. […] Treatment of fainting or syncopal attack depends on the underlying cause. […] Most of the time, simple actions at home can be enough. […] To prevent syncopal episodes, the following actions can be useful: Encourage your child to drink plenty of fluids to avoid dehydration, Add adequate amounts of salt to the meals, Encourage your child to eat three meals a day, especially breakfast, Encourage your child to Wear compression socks.

• #62 A Nurse with Vasovagal Syncope Syndrome? – General Nursing Support

  https://allnurses.com/a-nurse-vasovagal-syncope-syndrome-t136861/

  I believe I may have Vasovagal Syncope Syndrome. […] My question for this post is– is it okay for a future Nurse (hopefully) to have Vasovagal Syncope problems? […] Also, does anyone know of ways to overcome Vasovagal Syncope Syndrome? […] I hope that helps. […] Don’t worry. I faint when I have my blood taken as well. Now I just make sure to tell the person before s/he starts and they usually ask me to lie down. […] I have the same problem and have fainted numerous times…even while at the dentist’s office………however, I am going to be graduating in December, and thus far have not fainted while at clinicals or while working as a student nurse intern. […] As for when you are getting your own blood drawn, ask for a cold icepack to put on your neck…….since I started doing this, I have not fainted while my own blood is being taken. […] The more exposure you get to „things that might make you feel faint”, the more desensitized you will get.

• #63 I Fainted During Nurse School Clinicals – Here’s What I Learned After Passing Out

  https://nurse.org/articles/fainting-in-nursing-school/

  I had finished the ostomy replacement with no fainting! […] While I still dont love gastrointestinal procedures, I was able to face a fear and can now remind myself that with exposure and experience I will become more confident in my nursing skills and hopefully pass out less often. […] In both of these procedures, I was able to gain hands-on experiences and exposure to methods, as well as learn and grow as a future nurse. […] Being a nursing student practicing skills on a real patient, especially a baby, can be scary and overwhelming. However, its crucial that I continue to be an active participant in my patients care and place myself in as many learning experiences as possible, even if they scare me, for these are the experiences that will ultimately help me grow into the confident and skilled nurse I hope to be.

• #64 Vasovagal Syncope: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23325-vasovagal-syncope

  Many people who have vasovagal syncope can limit its impact on their lives. They can learn to recognize the symptoms of a vasovagal syncopal episode and avoid known triggers. Knowing what it feels like before you have an episode can allow you to lie on your back or sit so you don’t get hurt if you fall.

• #65 Treatment for Vasovagal Syncope | Saint Luke’s Health System

  https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/treatment-vasovagal-syncope

  Try to avoid situations that put you at risk. Be sure to stay well hydrated. Don’t skip meals. […] Watch for the warning signs of vasovagal syncope. These can include: Nausea. Warm, flushed feeling. Face that turns pale. Sweaty palms. Dizziness. Blurred vision. […] If you think you are about to faint, try one or more of these tips: Lie down right away. Prop your feet up so that they are higher than your head. Tense up your arms. Cross your legs. […] If you faint, once you regain consciousness, rest for a little while before getting up and moving around again. […] Fainting can be dangerous if it happens at certain times, like while driving. If you have chronic syncope that is not under control or if the cause of your syncope is unknown, your healthcare provider may advise you not to drive. This is especially important if you dont have warning signs before you faint. Talk with your healthcare provider about whats safe for you to do.

• #66 Vasovagal Syncope: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23325-vasovagal-syncope

  Vasovagal syncope happens when your nervous system overreacts and your blood pressure and heart rate drop suddenly, causing you to faint or pass out. You’re usually unconscious for less than one minute. […] Most people who have vasovagal syncope will recover on their own. For others, treatment may include: IV fluids. These are especially helpful if you’re dehydrated. […] Knowing what causes vasovagal syncope can help you avoid that trigger or at least be ready for it. You may be able to avoid passing out entirely. […] If you pass out, you should receive emergency medical care right away. Serious or life-threatening conditions can cause vasovagal syncope. A healthcare provider should examine you right away to determine if a more severe condition caused you to faint. […] You may be able to prevent vasovagal syncope episodes by drinking more fluids, eating more salt and standing up slowly. Talk with your provider before you increase your salt intake, as it increases your blood pressure.

• #67 Treatment for Vasovagal Syncope | Saint Luke’s Health System

  https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/treatment-vasovagal-syncope

  Call your healthcare provider if you have fainting that occurs more often or if you sustain significant injury from your fainting spell. Unexplained syncope or fainting, especially in older people, can actually be signs of a serious life-threatening condition such as a heart attack. Call 911 or seek medical care right away if the cause of syncope is not known. Don’t drive yourself to the emergency department if you have had a syncopal episode. This is to prevent injury to yourself or other passengers or drivers if another episode occurs while you are driving.

• #68 Treatment for Vasovagal Syncope | Saint Luke’s Health System

  https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/treatment-vasovagal-syncope

  Call your healthcare provider if you have fainting that occurs more often or if you sustain significant injury from your fainting spell. Unexplained syncope or fainting, especially in older people, can actually be signs of a serious life-threatening condition such as a heart attack. Call 911 or seek medical care right away if the cause of syncope is not known. Don’t drive yourself to the emergency department if you have had a syncopal episode. This is to prevent injury to yourself or other passengers or drivers if another episode occurs while you are driving.

• #69 Vasovagal Episode – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470277/

  The diagnosis and management of vasovagal syncope is very difficult because the differential is enormous. The symptom complex is best managed by an interprofessional team that includes the primary provider, nurse practitioner, cardiologist, endocrinologist, emergency department physician, and an internist.

• #70 Syncope: Nursing Diagnoses & Care Plans | NurseTogether

  https://www.nursetogether.com/syncope-nursing-diagnosis-care-plan/

  Syncope is referred to as a brief lapse in consciousness causing fainting which is related to insufficient blood flow to the brain. […] This condition is caused by a trigger that slows the heart or dilates the blood vessels, causing blood pressure to drop and decreasing blood flow to the brain. […] Vasovagal Syncope This is the most common type of reflex syncope and is triggered by dehydration, sudden change to an upright position, and emotions. […] Identification and treatment of the underlying condition, reducing risk for injuries, and prevention of complications are the primary goals in the management of syncope. Nurses play an essential role in all phases of the treatment regimen for patients with syncope as they are responsible for the identification of at-risk patients through obtaining a comprehensive history as well as preparing for testing and preventing falls and complications.

• #71 Vasovagal Episode – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470277/

  A vasovagal episode or vasovagal syncope is the most common form of reflex syncope. […] This activity describes the risk factors, evaluation, and management of vasovagal episodes and highlights the role of the interprofessional team in enhancing care delivery for affected patients. […] Explain the importance of improving care coordination, with particular emphasis on communication between interprofessional medical teams, to enhance prompt and thorough delivery of care to patients with vasovagal episodes. […] Typically, vasovagal syncope is treated conservatively. When known and avoidable, patients are instructed to avoid triggers. Patients are also instructed to drink more fluids to improve their volume status (and therefore their preload) and to change positions slowly. Patients are educated as to the „warning signs” of a vasovagal event and instructed to place themselves in a supine position should they feel an event coming. This often prevents actual syncope and reduces traumatic risk from falling. In refractory or disabling cases and cases of prolonged asystole, cardiac pacing is a therapeutic option.

• #72 Nursing Care Plan For Syncope – Made For Medical

  https://www.madeformedical.com/nursing-care-plan-for-syncope/

  In conclusion, the nursing care plan for syncope is designed to provide comprehensive care and support for individuals experiencing transient loss of consciousness. Through evidence-based interventions and a patient-centered approach, nurses play a crucial role in managing syncope, promoting patient safety, and improving overall well-being. […] Education plays a significant role in the care plan, empowering patients and their families with knowledge about syncope triggers, preventive measures, and self-management techniques. By promoting patient education, nurses enable individuals to actively participate in their care and take steps to prevent further episodes. […] In conclusion, the nursing care plan for syncope revolves around patient safety, education, and collaborative management. By providing holistic and individualized care, nurses can make a significant impact in effectively managing syncope, enhancing patient outcomes, and improving the overall quality of life for individuals experiencing these episodes. Through compassion, vigilance, and evidence-based practices, nurses play a pivotal role in supporting patients on their journey to optimal health and well-being in the context of syncope management.

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