Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Reducing Risk for Uterine Cancer | Uterine Cancer | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/uterine-cancer/prevention/index.html

  There is no known way to prevent uterine cancer. […] But some things may lower your chance of getting uterine cancer. […] Keeping a healthy weight and being physically active may lower your chance of getting uterine cancer. […] Using birth control pills that contain estrogen and progesterone. […] Maintaining a healthy weight and being physically active. […] Taking progesterone, if you are taking estrogen. […] While these things may help reduce the chance of getting uterine cancer, they are not recommended for everybody, and risks and benefits are associated with each.

• #2 Uterine cancer | Causes, Symptoms & Treatments | Cancer Council

  https://www.cancer.org.au/cancer-information/types-of-cancer/uterine-cancer

  There are no proven measures to prevent uterine cancer. […] However, you may be able to minimise your risk factors, such as maintaining a healthy weight, and being vigilant about any abnormal vaginal bleeding.

• #3 Uterine cancer statistics | Cancer Research UK

  https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/uterine-cancer

  Uterine cancer cases are preventable, UK, 2015 […] 34% of uterine cancer cases in the UK are preventable.

• #4 Endometrial Cancer Prevention (PDQ®) – PDQ Cancer Information Summaries – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65758/

  Avoiding risk factors and increasing protective factors may help prevent cancer. […] The following risk factors increase the risk of endometrial cancer: Endometrial hyperplasia, Estrogen, Tamoxifen, Obesity, weight gain, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes, Genetic factors. […] The following protective factors decrease the risk of endometrial cancer: Pregnancy and breast-feeding, Hormonal contraceptives, Weight loss, Physical activity. […] Cancer prevention clinical trials are used to study ways to prevent cancer. […] New ways to prevent endometrial cancer are being studied in clinical trials.

• #5 Uterine Cancer Prevention: Risk of Uterine Cancer & Endometrial Cancer Prevention for Patients – Cleveland OH | University Hospitals

  https://www.uhhospitals.org/services/cancer-services/gynecologic-cancer/uterine-cancer/prevention

  Cancer prevention is action taken to lower the chance of getting cancer. […] Avoiding risk factors and increasing protective factors may help prevent cancer. […] The following risk factors increase the risk of endometrial cancer: Endometrial hyperplasia, Estrogen, Tamoxifen, Obesity, weight gain, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes, Genetic factors. […] The following protective factors decrease the risk of endometrial cancer: Pregnancy and breast-feeding, Hormonal contraceptives, Weight loss, Physical activity. […] Cancer prevention clinical trials are used to study ways to prevent cancer. […] New ways to prevent endometrial cancer are being studied in clinical trials.

• #6 Endometrial Cancer Prevention – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/uterine/patient/endometrial-prevention-pdq

  Endometrial cancer prevention is action taken to lower the chance of getting cancer. […] Avoiding risk factors and increasing protective factors may help prevent cancer. […] The following risk factors increase the risk of endometrial cancer: Endometrial hyperplasia, Estrogen, Tamoxifen, Obesity, weight gain, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes, Genetic factors. […] The following protective factors decrease the risk of endometrial cancer: Pregnancy and breast-feeding, Hormonal contraceptives, Weight loss, Physical activity. […] Cancer prevention clinical trials are used to study ways to prevent cancer. […] New ways to prevent endometrial cancer are being studied in clinical trials.

• #7 Uterine (Endometrial) Cancer Risk Factors & Prevention | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/uterine-endometrial/risk-factors

  Before menopause, a womans ovaries normally produce two main types of hormones: estrogen and progesterone. Estrogen encourages the growth of endometrial cells in the uterus, whereas progesterone inhibits it. When a woman has high circulating levels of estrogen and low levels of progesterone over long periods of time, the risk for uterine (endometrial) cancer rises. […] The risk for developing uterine cancer also rises if you: are between the ages of 50 and 60, began menstruating before age 12, entered menopause relatively late, after age 52, never gave birth, have a history of infertility (an inability to become pregnant), have an ovarian disease, such as polycystic ovarian syndrome, that could cause you to have higher than normal levels of the hormone estrogen and lower than normal levels of the hormone progesterone, have elevated blood sugar (diabetes), have high blood pressure (hypertension), have a family history of endometrial carcinoma, have taken the drug tamoxifen after menopause; the increased risk depends in part on the dose taken and the length of time its used. Women who take tamoxifen should discuss the risks and benefits of this drug with their doctors.

• #8 Uterine (Endometrial) Cancer Risk Factors & Prevention | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/uterine-endometrial/risk-factors

  Before menopause, a womans ovaries normally produce two main types of hormones: estrogen and progesterone. Estrogen encourages the growth of endometrial cells in the uterus, whereas progesterone inhibits it. When a woman has high circulating levels of estrogen and low levels of progesterone over long periods of time, the risk for uterine (endometrial) cancer rises. […] The risk for developing uterine cancer also rises if you: are between the ages of 50 and 60, began menstruating before age 12, entered menopause relatively late, after age 52, never gave birth, have a history of infertility (an inability to become pregnant), have an ovarian disease, such as polycystic ovarian syndrome, that could cause you to have higher than normal levels of the hormone estrogen and lower than normal levels of the hormone progesterone, have elevated blood sugar (diabetes), have high blood pressure (hypertension), have a family history of endometrial carcinoma, have taken the drug tamoxifen after menopause; the increased risk depends in part on the dose taken and the length of time its used. Women who take tamoxifen should discuss the risks and benefits of this drug with their doctors.

• #9 Uterine (Endometrial) Cancer Risk Factors & Prevention | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

  https://www.mskcc.org/cancer-care/types/uterine-endometrial/risk-factors

  Before menopause, a womans ovaries normally produce two main types of hormones: estrogen and progesterone. Estrogen encourages the growth of endometrial cells in the uterus, whereas progesterone inhibits it. When a woman has high circulating levels of estrogen and low levels of progesterone over long periods of time, the risk for uterine (endometrial) cancer rises. […] The risk for developing uterine cancer also rises if you: are between the ages of 50 and 60, began menstruating before age 12, entered menopause relatively late, after age 52, never gave birth, have a history of infertility (an inability to become pregnant), have an ovarian disease, such as polycystic ovarian syndrome, that could cause you to have higher than normal levels of the hormone estrogen and lower than normal levels of the hormone progesterone, have elevated blood sugar (diabetes), have high blood pressure (hypertension), have a family history of endometrial carcinoma, have taken the drug tamoxifen after menopause; the increased risk depends in part on the dose taken and the length of time its used. Women who take tamoxifen should discuss the risks and benefits of this drug with their doctors.

• #10 Reducing your risk for uterine cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/uterine/risks/reducing-your-risk

  You may lower your risk of developing uterine cancer by doing the following. […] Research shows that you can lower your risk for uterine cancer by having a healthy body weight. Eating well and being physically active can help you have a healthy body weight. […] Studies show that physical activity may help protect against uterine cancer. […] Some drugs and lifestyle choices may help to protect you from developing uterine cancer. […] Taking birth control pills (oral contraceptives) that have both estrogen and progesterone may help protect women from developing uterine cancer. […] Having children may help lower the risk for uterine cancer. […] Research suggests that drinking coffee may help protect against uterine cancer. This is true for both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee.

• #11 Can Endometrial Cancer Be Prevented? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/endometrial-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/prevention.html

  There’s no sure way to prevent endometrial cancer. But there are things you can do that may help lower your risk of developing this disease. They’re based on changing your risk factors whenever possible. […] Get to and stay at a healthy weight is one way to lower the risk of this cancer. […] Studies have linked higher levels of physical activity to lower risks of endometrial cancer, so getting regular physical activity (exercise) may also be a way to help lower endometrial cancer risk. […] Getting proper treatment of pre-cancer disorders of the endometrium is another way to lower the risk of endometrial cancer. […] Most experts recommend that those with HNPCC have their uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes removed (a hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy) after they are finished having children to prevent endometrial cancer.

• #12

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/womb-cancer/causes/

  Womb cancer is most common in women who’ve been through menopause. It can affect anyone with a womb. […] You cannot get womb cancer if you’ve had surgery to remove your womb (hysterectomy). […] Having a high level of a hormone called oestrogen is one of the main things that can increase your chance of getting womb cancer. […] You cannot always prevent womb cancer, but there are things you can do to lower your chance of getting it. […] make sure you’re a healthy weight […] stay active and do regular exercise […] eat a healthy balanced diet […] talk to a GP about which HRT is best for you if you are thinking about taking it. […] If you have Lynch syndrome, your care team will talk with you about what you can do to reduce your cancer risk.

• #13 Womb (uterus) cancer | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/cancer/cancer-types-in-adults/womb-uterus-cancer/

  Its not always possible to prevent womb cancer, but some things are thought to reduce your risk. This includes maintaining a healthy weight and the long-term use of some types of contraception. […] Because of the link between increased levels of unopposed oestrogen and womb cancer, oestrogen-only hormone replacement therapy (HRT) should only be given to those who have had their womb surgically removed (hysterectomy). […] Women and anyone with a womb who is overweight is 3 times more likely to develop womb cancer compared with those who are a healthy weight. […] Women and anyone with a womb who has not had children are at a higher risk of womb cancer. […] Its important to visit your GP if youre taking tamoxifen and experience any abnormal vaginal bleeding. […] Its not known exactly what causes womb cancer, but certain things can increase your risk of developing it. […] Endometrial hyperplasia is when the lining of the womb becomes thicker. It may be increase risk of developing womb cancer.

• #14 Endometrial (Uterine) Cancer Screening | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/prevention-screening/get-screened/endometrial-cancer-screening.html

  Endometrial cancer has several risk factors that wont necessarily trigger screening but increase your chances of getting the disease. Some are in your control and some are not. There are steps you can take to reduce your risk of endometrial cancer: […] Maintain a healthy weight. Experts believe that 6 out of every 10 cases of endometrial cancer are caused by being overweight or obese. […] Know your family history. Talk to family members about their history of breast, endometrial, colorectal and other cancers. Having this knowledge can help you know if you should seek genetic counseling to get a better picture of your risk. […] Think twice about hormone replacement therapy. If your doctor recommends HRT, make sure you ask how it will affect your cancer risk. Consider alternative treatments for menopausal symptoms.

• #15 Womb cancer | World Cancer Research Fund

  https://www.wcrf.org/preventing-cancer/cancer-types/womb-cancer/

  The risk of developing womb cancer increases with age. […] Being physically active reduces the risk of womb cancer. […] Drinking coffee reduces the risk of womb cancer. […] Having children and having your menopause before the age of 55 reduce the risk of womb cancer, because they decrease the number of menstrual cycles a woman has. […] Oral contraceptives, either a combination of oestrogen and progesterone, or progesterone only, reduce the risk of womb cancer. […] Following our Cancer Prevention Recommendations reduces your risk of womb cancer. […] Reaching and staying at a healthy weight can reduce your risk of womb cancer, many other cancers, and other diseases. […] Being physically active reduces your risk of womb cancer. We recommend at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity activity or 75 minutes of vigorous activity a week, and to sit less.

• #16 Uterine and Endometrial Cancer Prevention | Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center – Buffalo, NY

  https://www.roswellpark.org/cancer/uterine-endometrial/prevention-screening

  Having a healthy lifestyle and seeking routine healthcare is important to protect yourself from many cancer types, including endometrial cancer. In addition, learning whether you have any of the risk factors for these cancers and taking steps to reduce any that are modifiable, is important. Consider the following: […] Seek routine gynecologic care. Even if you’re past your childbearing years, women should see a gynecologist for an annual checkup and exam. Alert your physician to any abnormal bleeding or spotting between periods, bleeding after menopause, or abnormal discharge right away. […] Maintain a healthy weight. Women who are overweight or obese are up to six times more likely to develop uterine cancer. […] Get regular exercise. Women with higher levels of physical activity have lower risk for endometrial cancer. In addition, exercise can lower your risk for other uterine cancer risk factors obesity, high blood pressure and diabetes.

• #17

  https://www.healthxchange.sg/cancer/uterine-endometrial-cancer/endometrial-cancer-treatment-prevention

  Endometrial cancer (also known as uterine cancer) is preventable. […] Here are the various ways a woman can reduce her risk of endometrial cancer (also known as uterine cancer): Maintain a healthy weight and lifestyle – Have a nutritious diet (eating foods that are low in fat and cholesterol and high in fibre, such as fruits, vegetables and wholegrain breads and cereals) – Exercise regularly. […] Go for a yearly pelvic examination. […] Consult a doctor early, if you notice any abnormal vaginal bleeding. Most bleeding is not caused by uterine cancer, but your doctor can investigate the cause of the abnormal bleed. […] Do not take chances if you think you have a problem. See your doctor at once. When uterine cancer is found early, the outlook is excellent. Delay in seeking treatment makes this disease much harder to cure.

• #18 Cancer of the Uterus

  https://www.health.ny.gov/statistics/cancer/registry/abouts/uterus.htm

  What can I do to reduce my chances of getting cancer of the uterus? To help reduce the risk of getting uterine cancer: […] Choose a healthy diet to achieve and maintain a healthy weight. Eat more vegetables, fruits and whole grains and eat less red and processed (e.g., bacon, sausage, luncheon meat, hot dogs) meats. These actions may reduce the risk of developing many types of cancer as well as other diseases. […] Discuss the use of hormone replacement therapy with your health care provider. […] The following may help reduce the risk of developing cancer: Do not smoke. If you currently smoke, quit. Avoid exposure to secondhand smoke. […] Exercise regularly. […] Talk with your health care provider about recommended cancer screenings.

• #19 Endometrial Cancer Prevention (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/uterine/hp/endometrial-prevention-pdq

  Factors With Adequate Evidence for a Decreased Risk of Endometrial Cancer: Pregnancy and lactation are associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer. […] Based on solid evidence, at least 1-year use of oral contraceptives containing estrogen and progesterone decreases endometrial cancer risk, proportionate to duration of use. […] Bariatric surgery is associated with a decreased risk of developing endometrial cancer. […] Based on solid evidence, increased physical exercise is associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer. […] Based on solid evidence, cigarette smoking is associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer.

• #20 Uterine cancer – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uterine_cancer

  Screening for uterine cancers is not recommended except for in women with certain hereditary conditions that increase their risk (Lynch, Cowden, HLRCC). […] In general, combined oral contraceptive pills and progestin-only pills are protective against uterine cancers. Weight loss and/or bariatric surgery reduces the risk for patients with obesity.

• #21 Endometrial Cancer Prevention (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/uterine/hp/endometrial-prevention-pdq

  Factors With Adequate Evidence for a Decreased Risk of Endometrial Cancer: Pregnancy and lactation are associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer. […] Based on solid evidence, at least 1-year use of oral contraceptives containing estrogen and progesterone decreases endometrial cancer risk, proportionate to duration of use. […] Bariatric surgery is associated with a decreased risk of developing endometrial cancer. […] Based on solid evidence, increased physical exercise is associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer. […] Based on solid evidence, cigarette smoking is associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer.

• #22 Endometrial Cancer | Nutrition Guide for Clinicians

  https://nutritionguide.pcrm.org/nutritionguide/view/Nutrition_Guide_for_Clinicians/1342025/all/Endometrial_Cancer

  Oral contraceptive use. Contraceptive pills containing progestin reduce the risk of endometrial cancer by about 50%. […] Exercise. Regular physical activity is associated with a 20-30% reduction in risk. […] Limiting high-energy-dense foods and high salt (or foods high in sodium), exercising regularly, and maintaining a healthy weight may reduce cancer risk. Following a plant-based diet helps achieve a healthy weight and provides a higher diet quality compared with other eating patterns. […] Some evidence suggests that following a low-fat, plant-based diet, maintaining a healthy weight, and getting regular exercise may reduce the risk of this disease.

• #23 Womb cancer | World Cancer Research Fund

  https://www.wcrf.org/preventing-cancer/cancer-types/womb-cancer/

  The risk of developing womb cancer increases with age. […] Being physically active reduces the risk of womb cancer. […] Drinking coffee reduces the risk of womb cancer. […] Having children and having your menopause before the age of 55 reduce the risk of womb cancer, because they decrease the number of menstrual cycles a woman has. […] Oral contraceptives, either a combination of oestrogen and progesterone, or progesterone only, reduce the risk of womb cancer. […] Following our Cancer Prevention Recommendations reduces your risk of womb cancer. […] Reaching and staying at a healthy weight can reduce your risk of womb cancer, many other cancers, and other diseases. […] Being physically active reduces your risk of womb cancer. We recommend at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity activity or 75 minutes of vigorous activity a week, and to sit less.

• #24 Uterine and Endometrial Cancer Prevention | Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center – Buffalo, NY

  https://www.roswellpark.org/cancer/uterine-endometrial/prevention-screening

  Having a healthy lifestyle and seeking routine healthcare is important to protect yourself from many cancer types, including endometrial cancer. In addition, learning whether you have any of the risk factors for these cancers and taking steps to reduce any that are modifiable, is important. Consider the following: […] Seek routine gynecologic care. Even if you’re past your childbearing years, women should see a gynecologist for an annual checkup and exam. Alert your physician to any abnormal bleeding or spotting between periods, bleeding after menopause, or abnormal discharge right away. […] Maintain a healthy weight. Women who are overweight or obese are up to six times more likely to develop uterine cancer. […] Get regular exercise. Women with higher levels of physical activity have lower risk for endometrial cancer. In addition, exercise can lower your risk for other uterine cancer risk factors obesity, high blood pressure and diabetes.

• #25 Endometrial Cancer Prevention (PDQ®) – PDQ Cancer Information Summaries – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65758/

  Avoiding risk factors and increasing protective factors may help prevent cancer. […] The following risk factors increase the risk of endometrial cancer: Endometrial hyperplasia, Estrogen, Tamoxifen, Obesity, weight gain, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes, Genetic factors. […] The following protective factors decrease the risk of endometrial cancer: Pregnancy and breast-feeding, Hormonal contraceptives, Weight loss, Physical activity. […] Cancer prevention clinical trials are used to study ways to prevent cancer. […] New ways to prevent endometrial cancer are being studied in clinical trials.

• #26 Endometrial Cancer Risk Factors | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/endometrial-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

  Oral contraceptives pills (OCP) including both estrogen-progestin contraceptives as well as progestin-only contraceptives. The risk is lowest when they are taken long-term, and this protection lasts for at least 10 years after the pills are stopped. […] Both progesterone-containing IUDs and copper IUDs decrease the risk of endometrial cancer. […] If you use hormone therapy after menopause, use of a medication that contains both estrogen and progesterone will help reduce risk. […] During pregnancy, the level of progesterone is high, which protects against endometrial cancer. Multiple pregnancies decrease the risk even more. Breastfeeding also is associated with a decrease in a mother’s uterine cancer risk. […] An increase in physical activity can help maintain a healthy weight and lower your risk of endometrial cancer.

• #27 Endometrial Cancer Risk Factors | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/endometrial-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

  Oral contraceptives pills (OCP) including both estrogen-progestin contraceptives as well as progestin-only contraceptives. The risk is lowest when they are taken long-term, and this protection lasts for at least 10 years after the pills are stopped. […] Both progesterone-containing IUDs and copper IUDs decrease the risk of endometrial cancer. […] If you use hormone therapy after menopause, use of a medication that contains both estrogen and progesterone will help reduce risk. […] During pregnancy, the level of progesterone is high, which protects against endometrial cancer. Multiple pregnancies decrease the risk even more. Breastfeeding also is associated with a decrease in a mother’s uterine cancer risk. […] An increase in physical activity can help maintain a healthy weight and lower your risk of endometrial cancer.

• #28 Uterine cancer | Symptoms, Diagnosis, & Treatment | Britannica

  https://www.britannica.com/science/uterine-cancer

  Long-term use of combined oral contraceptives (birth control pills containing both an estrogen and a progestin) reduces the risk of endometrial cancer. […] Regular exams may reveal benign growths in the uterine wall called hyperplasias, which can be removed to eliminate the possibility of their developing into malignant tumours. […] Some medical societies recommend an annual Pap test plus pelvic exam for all women once they have reached 18 years of age or become sexually active, whichever is earlier.

• #29 Endometrial Cancer | Nutrition Guide for Clinicians

  https://nutritionguide.pcrm.org/nutritionguide/view/Nutrition_Guide_for_Clinicians/1342025/all/Endometrial_Cancer

  Oral contraceptive use. Contraceptive pills containing progestin reduce the risk of endometrial cancer by about 50%. […] Exercise. Regular physical activity is associated with a 20-30% reduction in risk. […] Limiting high-energy-dense foods and high salt (or foods high in sodium), exercising regularly, and maintaining a healthy weight may reduce cancer risk. Following a plant-based diet helps achieve a healthy weight and provides a higher diet quality compared with other eating patterns. […] Some evidence suggests that following a low-fat, plant-based diet, maintaining a healthy weight, and getting regular exercise may reduce the risk of this disease.

• #30 Uterine Cancer Screening/Prevention | Nebraska Hematology Oncology – Cancer Care Treatment Blood Disorders Clinical Trials Lincoln Nebraska (NE)

  https://www.yourcancercare.com/types-of-cancer/uterine-cancer/uterine-cancer-screening-prevention

  There is evidence to suggest that the use of combined hormone therapy in the form of oral contraceptives can also reduce the risk of uterine cancer by up to 40% if used for at least a year. […] Periodic gynecologic evaluation is crucial for the early detection of uterine cancer. […] All women should undergo regular physical examinations and patients on hormone replacement therapy or tamoxifen might consider monitoring with transvaginal sonography (ultrasound examination) and hysteroscopy (endoscopic evaluation of the uterus). […] The potential for earlier detection and higher cure rates increases with the advent of more refined screening techniques. […] The identification of the cancer susceptibility genes has led to predictive genetic testing for these genes.

• #31 Endometrial Cancer Risk Factors | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/endometrial-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

  Oral contraceptives pills (OCP) including both estrogen-progestin contraceptives as well as progestin-only contraceptives. The risk is lowest when they are taken long-term, and this protection lasts for at least 10 years after the pills are stopped. […] Both progesterone-containing IUDs and copper IUDs decrease the risk of endometrial cancer. […] If you use hormone therapy after menopause, use of a medication that contains both estrogen and progesterone will help reduce risk. […] During pregnancy, the level of progesterone is high, which protects against endometrial cancer. Multiple pregnancies decrease the risk even more. Breastfeeding also is associated with a decrease in a mother’s uterine cancer risk. […] An increase in physical activity can help maintain a healthy weight and lower your risk of endometrial cancer.

• #32 Endometrial Cancer Prevention (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/uterine/hp/endometrial-prevention-pdq

  Factors With Adequate Evidence for a Decreased Risk of Endometrial Cancer: Pregnancy and lactation are associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer. […] Based on solid evidence, at least 1-year use of oral contraceptives containing estrogen and progesterone decreases endometrial cancer risk, proportionate to duration of use. […] Bariatric surgery is associated with a decreased risk of developing endometrial cancer. […] Based on solid evidence, increased physical exercise is associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer. […] Based on solid evidence, cigarette smoking is associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer.

• #33 Endometrial Cancer Risk Factors | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/endometrial-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

  Oral contraceptives pills (OCP) including both estrogen-progestin contraceptives as well as progestin-only contraceptives. The risk is lowest when they are taken long-term, and this protection lasts for at least 10 years after the pills are stopped. […] Both progesterone-containing IUDs and copper IUDs decrease the risk of endometrial cancer. […] If you use hormone therapy after menopause, use of a medication that contains both estrogen and progesterone will help reduce risk. […] During pregnancy, the level of progesterone is high, which protects against endometrial cancer. Multiple pregnancies decrease the risk even more. Breastfeeding also is associated with a decrease in a mother’s uterine cancer risk. […] An increase in physical activity can help maintain a healthy weight and lower your risk of endometrial cancer.

• #34 Uterine Cancer Screening/Prevention | Nebraska Hematology Oncology – Cancer Care Treatment Blood Disorders Clinical Trials Lincoln Nebraska (NE)

  https://www.yourcancercare.com/types-of-cancer/uterine-cancer/uterine-cancer-screening-prevention

  Information about the prevention of cancer and the science of screening appropriate individuals at high-risk of developing cancer is gaining interest. […] The chance of an individual developing cancer depends on both genetic and non-genetic factors. […] Factors associated with an increased risk of developing uterine cancer include obesity, a high-fat diet and a prolonged exposure to the female hormone, estrogen. […] Completion of at least one pregnancy appears to lower the risk of uterine cancer by 50%, as after the birth of the first child, the risk of developing uterine cancer appears to decrease with increasing age. […] Decreasing body weight and reducing exposure to estrogen may decrease the risk of developing uterine cancer. […] The addition of progesterone to estrogen may also decrease the risk of developing uterine cancer in women taking hormone replacement for menopausal symptoms.

• #35 Endometrial Cancer Risk Factors | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/endometrial-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

  Oral contraceptives pills (OCP) including both estrogen-progestin contraceptives as well as progestin-only contraceptives. The risk is lowest when they are taken long-term, and this protection lasts for at least 10 years after the pills are stopped. […] Both progesterone-containing IUDs and copper IUDs decrease the risk of endometrial cancer. […] If you use hormone therapy after menopause, use of a medication that contains both estrogen and progesterone will help reduce risk. […] During pregnancy, the level of progesterone is high, which protects against endometrial cancer. Multiple pregnancies decrease the risk even more. Breastfeeding also is associated with a decrease in a mother’s uterine cancer risk. […] An increase in physical activity can help maintain a healthy weight and lower your risk of endometrial cancer.

• #36 Endometrial Cancer Prevention – Cancerclinix

  https://cancerclinix.com/uterus/endometrial-cancer-prevention/

  Cancer prevention is action taken to lower the chance of getting cancer. By preventing cancer, the number of new cases of cancer in a group or population is lowered. Hopefully, this will lower the number of deaths caused by cancer. […] The risk for endometrial cancer decreases with following preventive factors: […] During pregnancy and breast-feeding, hormone levels are lower. In women with children, the incidence of endometrial cancer is lower. The risk of endometrial cancer is also reduced by breast-feeding. […] Usage of hormonal contraception (birth control pills) adds estrogen with progestin (combined oral contraceptives). This form of birth controls preventive effect improves with time and can last for years after avoiding oral contraceptive uses. New research shows that endometrial cancer risk could be minimized by other hormonal contraceptives, such as birth control instruments implanted into a woman’s uterus.

• #37 Endometrial Cancer Risk Factors | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/endometrial-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/risk-factors.html

  Oral contraceptives pills (OCP) including both estrogen-progestin contraceptives as well as progestin-only contraceptives. The risk is lowest when they are taken long-term, and this protection lasts for at least 10 years after the pills are stopped. […] Both progesterone-containing IUDs and copper IUDs decrease the risk of endometrial cancer. […] If you use hormone therapy after menopause, use of a medication that contains both estrogen and progesterone will help reduce risk. […] During pregnancy, the level of progesterone is high, which protects against endometrial cancer. Multiple pregnancies decrease the risk even more. Breastfeeding also is associated with a decrease in a mother’s uterine cancer risk. […] An increase in physical activity can help maintain a healthy weight and lower your risk of endometrial cancer.

• #38 Womb cancer | World Cancer Research Fund

  https://www.wcrf.org/preventing-cancer/cancer-types/womb-cancer/

  Womb cancer is the 11th most common cancer in the UK (2021 data), and the 15th most common in the world (2022 data). […] Womb cancer is the 4th most common cancer in women in the UK, and the 6th most common in women globally. […] Women living with overweight or obesity have a higher risk of womb cancer. […] Taking oestrogen-only HRT (hormone replacement therapy) increases the risk of womb cancer. […] Not having children and having the menopause after the age of 55 increase the risk of womb cancer, because they increase the number of menstrual cycles a woman has. […] Tamoxifen is a drug used to treat breast cancer. It can increase a woman’s risk of womb cancer. […] Women with a family history of womb or bowel cancer have a higher risk of womb cancer. […] Taller women have a higher risk of womb cancer.

• #39 Womb (uterus) cancer | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/cancer/cancer-types-in-adults/womb-uterus-cancer/

  Its not always possible to prevent womb cancer, but some things are thought to reduce your risk. This includes maintaining a healthy weight and the long-term use of some types of contraception. […] Because of the link between increased levels of unopposed oestrogen and womb cancer, oestrogen-only hormone replacement therapy (HRT) should only be given to those who have had their womb surgically removed (hysterectomy). […] Women and anyone with a womb who is overweight is 3 times more likely to develop womb cancer compared with those who are a healthy weight. […] Women and anyone with a womb who has not had children are at a higher risk of womb cancer. […] Its important to visit your GP if youre taking tamoxifen and experience any abnormal vaginal bleeding. […] Its not known exactly what causes womb cancer, but certain things can increase your risk of developing it. […] Endometrial hyperplasia is when the lining of the womb becomes thicker. It may be increase risk of developing womb cancer.

• #40 Cancer of the Uterus – Women’s Health Issues – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/women-s-health-issues/cancers-of-the-female-reproductive-system/cancer-of-the-uterus

  No measure can prevent endometrial cancer from developing. However, the risk of getting endometrial cancer can be decreased by minimizing or avoiding conditions and activities thought to increase the risk. For example, obesity increases the risk of endometrial cancer. Thus, losing weight, exercising regularly, and eating a healthful diet may be helpful. Also, medications or herbal products that contain estrogen should not be taken alone. They should be taken with a progestin.

• #41 Endometrial cancer – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/endometrial-cancer/symptoms-causes/syc-20352461

  To reduce your risk of endometrial cancer, you may wish to: […] Talk to your health care team about the risks of hormone therapy after menopause. […] Consider taking birth control pills. […] Maintain a healthy weight.

• #42

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/womb-cancer/causes/

  Womb cancer is most common in women who’ve been through menopause. It can affect anyone with a womb. […] You cannot get womb cancer if you’ve had surgery to remove your womb (hysterectomy). […] Having a high level of a hormone called oestrogen is one of the main things that can increase your chance of getting womb cancer. […] You cannot always prevent womb cancer, but there are things you can do to lower your chance of getting it. […] make sure you’re a healthy weight […] stay active and do regular exercise […] eat a healthy balanced diet […] talk to a GP about which HRT is best for you if you are thinking about taking it. […] If you have Lynch syndrome, your care team will talk with you about what you can do to reduce your cancer risk.

• #43 Reducing your risk for uterine cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/uterine/risks/reducing-your-risk

  You may lower your risk of developing uterine cancer by doing the following. […] Research shows that you can lower your risk for uterine cancer by having a healthy body weight. Eating well and being physically active can help you have a healthy body weight. […] Studies show that physical activity may help protect against uterine cancer. […] Some drugs and lifestyle choices may help to protect you from developing uterine cancer. […] Taking birth control pills (oral contraceptives) that have both estrogen and progesterone may help protect women from developing uterine cancer. […] Having children may help lower the risk for uterine cancer. […] Research suggests that drinking coffee may help protect against uterine cancer. This is true for both caffeinated and decaffeinated coffee.

• #44 Womb cancer | World Cancer Research Fund

  https://www.wcrf.org/preventing-cancer/cancer-types/womb-cancer/

  The risk of developing womb cancer increases with age. […] Being physically active reduces the risk of womb cancer. […] Drinking coffee reduces the risk of womb cancer. […] Having children and having your menopause before the age of 55 reduce the risk of womb cancer, because they decrease the number of menstrual cycles a woman has. […] Oral contraceptives, either a combination of oestrogen and progesterone, or progesterone only, reduce the risk of womb cancer. […] Following our Cancer Prevention Recommendations reduces your risk of womb cancer. […] Reaching and staying at a healthy weight can reduce your risk of womb cancer, many other cancers, and other diseases. […] Being physically active reduces your risk of womb cancer. We recommend at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity activity or 75 minutes of vigorous activity a week, and to sit less.

• #45 Uterine and Endometrial Cancer Prevention | Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center – Buffalo, NY

  https://www.roswellpark.org/cancer/uterine-endometrial/prevention-screening

  Having a healthy lifestyle and seeking routine healthcare is important to protect yourself from many cancer types, including endometrial cancer. In addition, learning whether you have any of the risk factors for these cancers and taking steps to reduce any that are modifiable, is important. Consider the following: […] Seek routine gynecologic care. Even if you’re past your childbearing years, women should see a gynecologist for an annual checkup and exam. Alert your physician to any abnormal bleeding or spotting between periods, bleeding after menopause, or abnormal discharge right away. […] Maintain a healthy weight. Women who are overweight or obese are up to six times more likely to develop uterine cancer. […] Get regular exercise. Women with higher levels of physical activity have lower risk for endometrial cancer. In addition, exercise can lower your risk for other uterine cancer risk factors obesity, high blood pressure and diabetes.

• #46

  https://www.healthxchange.sg/cancer/uterine-endometrial-cancer/endometrial-cancer-treatment-prevention

  Endometrial cancer (also known as uterine cancer) is preventable. […] Here are the various ways a woman can reduce her risk of endometrial cancer (also known as uterine cancer): Maintain a healthy weight and lifestyle – Have a nutritious diet (eating foods that are low in fat and cholesterol and high in fibre, such as fruits, vegetables and wholegrain breads and cereals) – Exercise regularly. […] Go for a yearly pelvic examination. […] Consult a doctor early, if you notice any abnormal vaginal bleeding. Most bleeding is not caused by uterine cancer, but your doctor can investigate the cause of the abnormal bleed. […] Do not take chances if you think you have a problem. See your doctor at once. When uterine cancer is found early, the outlook is excellent. Delay in seeking treatment makes this disease much harder to cure.

• #47 Uterine and Endometrial Cancer Prevention | Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center – Buffalo, NY

  https://www.roswellpark.org/cancer/uterine-endometrial/prevention-screening

  Consider your family planning choices. Interestingly, the following factors are associated with reduced risk for uterine cancer: Pregnancy, Breastfeeding, Taking oral contraceptives. […] Be cautious with hormone therapy for menopause. Talk to your physician about your options for managing extreme menopausal symptoms. Taking estrogen, in the form of pills, patches, shots, creams or vaginal rings, increases the risk for uterine cancer. While adding the hormone progesterone to the estrogen may alleviate this increased risk, the combination increases risk for breast cancer. […] Seek treatment for uterine problems. Abnormal overgrowth of the uterine lining, a condition called endometrial hyperplasia, can develop into endometrial cancer. Treatment may include hormone therapy, placement of a progesterone-releasing IUD or hysterectomy (removing the uterus by surgery).

• #48 About Uterine Cancer

  https://igcs.org/uterine/

  Consider birth control: Speak with your doctor about taking birth control pills that combine estrogen and progesterone. Using a progestin-secreting intrauterine device (IUD) may also reduce risk. Discuss the risks and benefits of hormone replacement therapy. […] Know your family history: Women who have a hereditary cancer syndrome, such as Lynch syndrome, or a family history of uterine cancer or other cancers may be at higher risk. Knowing your genetics and family history may help you make decisions on screening regimens and prophylactic measures that may help prevent the disease or catch it early. […] Maintain a healthy weight: Obesity is a risk factor for developing uterine sarcoma and endometrial cancer. Regular exercise and maintaining a healthy weight may reduce your risk of developing these and other cancers. […] Manage your diabetes: Maintaining blood sugar levels may help reduce your risk of developing uterine cancer. […] See your doctor: Get regular checkups with a gynecologist and address issues such as abnormal bleeding or pain.

• #49 Risk Factors & Preventing Uterine Cancer NYC | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/care/cancer/services/gynecologic/conditions/uterine/risk-factors

  It is important to know your risks, so you can get screening and treatment if needed. […] The chances of your developing uterine cancer may increase if you have any of the following risk factors: […] If testing reveals that you have a genetic mutation in certain genes associated with Lynch syndrome, you should discuss your risk level with a genetic counselor and your doctor. They can advise you about your choices for next steps, including how to take preventive measures. […] With a genetic risk for uterine cancer based on your family history or genetic testing, the American Cancer Society recommends that you have annual testing for endometrial cancer with an endometrial biopsy starting when you are 35 years of age. […] Other ways you may be able to reduce the risk of your developing uterine or endometrial cancer, even if you have no genetic risk, involves making life-style choices that may help you maintain your uterine health.

• #50

• #51 Uterine and Endometrial Cancer Prevention | Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center – Buffalo, NY

  https://www.roswellpark.org/cancer/uterine-endometrial/prevention-screening

  Consider hysterectomy if you have Lynch Syndrome. Women who have Lynch Syndrome (also called hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer) are at very high risk for developing several cancer types, including endometrial cancer. […] If you have Lynch Syndrome, you should consider the following to steps for early detection and prevention of endometrial cancer: Endometrial biopsy, yearly starting at age 35. […] Preventive surgery, such as hysterectomy to remove your uterus and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy to remove your fallopian tubes and ovaries after childbearing is complete. These surgeries can be performed in a single operation.

• #52 Can Endometrial Cancer Be Prevented? | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/endometrial-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/prevention.html

  There’s no sure way to prevent endometrial cancer. But there are things you can do that may help lower your risk of developing this disease. They’re based on changing your risk factors whenever possible. […] Get to and stay at a healthy weight is one way to lower the risk of this cancer. […] Studies have linked higher levels of physical activity to lower risks of endometrial cancer, so getting regular physical activity (exercise) may also be a way to help lower endometrial cancer risk. […] Getting proper treatment of pre-cancer disorders of the endometrium is another way to lower the risk of endometrial cancer. […] Most experts recommend that those with HNPCC have their uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes removed (a hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy) after they are finished having children to prevent endometrial cancer.

• #53 Risk Factors & Preventing Uterine Cancer NYC | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/care/cancer/services/gynecologic/conditions/uterine/risk-factors

  It is important to know your risks, so you can get screening and treatment if needed. […] The chances of your developing uterine cancer may increase if you have any of the following risk factors: […] If testing reveals that you have a genetic mutation in certain genes associated with Lynch syndrome, you should discuss your risk level with a genetic counselor and your doctor. They can advise you about your choices for next steps, including how to take preventive measures. […] With a genetic risk for uterine cancer based on your family history or genetic testing, the American Cancer Society recommends that you have annual testing for endometrial cancer with an endometrial biopsy starting when you are 35 years of age. […] Other ways you may be able to reduce the risk of your developing uterine or endometrial cancer, even if you have no genetic risk, involves making life-style choices that may help you maintain your uterine health.

• #54 Reducing your risk for uterine cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/uterine/risks/reducing-your-risk

  Women who have atypical endometrial hyperplasia usually receive treatment to help prevent the abnormal cells from becoming uterine cancer. […] Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome should take progesterone therapy to control hormone levels and reduce the risk for uterine cancer. […] A prophylactic hysterectomy may be an option for some women who have a very high risk of developing uterine cancer, including some women with Lynch syndrome. This is surgery to remove the uterus before cancer develops. The decision to have a prophylactic hysterectomy should be carefully considered. Talk to your doctor about all the risks and benefits of the surgery and if it’s the best choice for you.

• #55 Uterine and Endometrial Cancer Prevention | Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center – Buffalo, NY

  https://www.roswellpark.org/cancer/uterine-endometrial/prevention-screening

  Consider hysterectomy if you have Lynch Syndrome. Women who have Lynch Syndrome (also called hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer) are at very high risk for developing several cancer types, including endometrial cancer. […] If you have Lynch Syndrome, you should consider the following to steps for early detection and prevention of endometrial cancer: Endometrial biopsy, yearly starting at age 35. […] Preventive surgery, such as hysterectomy to remove your uterus and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy to remove your fallopian tubes and ovaries after childbearing is complete. These surgeries can be performed in a single operation.

• #56 Can a Hysterectomy Prevent Cancer? | Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center – Buffalo, NY

  https://www.roswellpark.org/cancertalk/202009/can-hysterectomy-prevent-cancer

  Women undergo hysterectomy surgical removal of the uterus (womb) for many reasons other than cancer, such as uterine prolapse or to address heavy bleeding or pain from fibroids or endometriosis. […] While your risk for developing uterine cancer is dramatically lowered by the surgery, your risk for other gynecologic cancers such as ovarian may not be. […] If you still have your ovaries, your risk for ovarian cancer is reduced after a hysterectomy, but it is still present. […] For women at high risk for ovarian cancer who undergo risk-reducing surgery with removal of the ovaries and fallopian tubes (such as women with a BRCA mutation), the lifetime risk of ovarian cancer is dramatically reduced. […] When it comes to gynecologic cancers, the good news is that your hysterectomy eliminates your risk for the most common diagnosis uterine cancer and reduces your risk for other cancers, such as ovarian, fallopian tube and peritoneal cancers. […] If your ovaries and fallopian tubes were also removed, then your risk for the most deadly gynecologic cancer, ovarian, is significantly reduced, too. Your risk for other gynecologic cancers, such as cervical, vulvar and vaginal cancer, can be reduced with regular exams and screenings.

• #57

  https://journals.lww.com/greenjournal/fulltext/2022/04000/executive_summary_of_the_uterine_cancer_evidence.21.aspx

  We found no specific intervention trials of weight reduction for endometrial cancer risk reduction. […] We found no specific interventional trials or recommendations for progestins or combined oral contraceptives for endometrial cancer prevention. […] Based on expert opinion, hysterectomy should be considered for risk reduction for women with Lynch syndrome who have completed childbearing. […] The National Comprehensive Cancer Network recommends considering risk-reducing hysterectomy for Lynch syndrome patients, with timing, individualized based on whether childbearing is complete, comorbidities, family history, and [Lynch syndrome] gene, as risks for endometrial cancer vary by pathogenic variant. […] The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends discussing hysterectomy by a patient’s early to mid-40s.

• #58 About Uterine Cancer

  https://igcs.org/uterine/

  Consider birth control: Speak with your doctor about taking birth control pills that combine estrogen and progesterone. Using a progestin-secreting intrauterine device (IUD) may also reduce risk. Discuss the risks and benefits of hormone replacement therapy. […] Know your family history: Women who have a hereditary cancer syndrome, such as Lynch syndrome, or a family history of uterine cancer or other cancers may be at higher risk. Knowing your genetics and family history may help you make decisions on screening regimens and prophylactic measures that may help prevent the disease or catch it early. […] Maintain a healthy weight: Obesity is a risk factor for developing uterine sarcoma and endometrial cancer. Regular exercise and maintaining a healthy weight may reduce your risk of developing these and other cancers. […] Manage your diabetes: Maintaining blood sugar levels may help reduce your risk of developing uterine cancer. […] See your doctor: Get regular checkups with a gynecologist and address issues such as abnormal bleeding or pain.

• #59

  https://www.mercy.net/service/uterine-cancer/

  While there are several risk factors for endometrial cancer, a hormonal imbalance is considered one of the main risk factors. An excess of the hormone estrogen can increase the risk of endometrial cancer. […] You can help lower the risk of endometrial cancer by: […] Maintaining a healthy weight […] Managing diabetes […] Visiting your gynecologist for annual well-woman exams […] Taking oral contraceptives long-term […] Discussing hormone replacement therapy with your doctor.

• #60 Reducing your risk for uterine cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/uterine/risks/reducing-your-risk

  Women who have atypical endometrial hyperplasia usually receive treatment to help prevent the abnormal cells from becoming uterine cancer. […] Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome should take progesterone therapy to control hormone levels and reduce the risk for uterine cancer. […] A prophylactic hysterectomy may be an option for some women who have a very high risk of developing uterine cancer, including some women with Lynch syndrome. This is surgery to remove the uterus before cancer develops. The decision to have a prophylactic hysterectomy should be carefully considered. Talk to your doctor about all the risks and benefits of the surgery and if it’s the best choice for you.

• #61 Reducing your risk for uterine cancer | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-types/uterine/risks/reducing-your-risk

  Women who have atypical endometrial hyperplasia usually receive treatment to help prevent the abnormal cells from becoming uterine cancer. […] Women with polycystic ovarian syndrome should take progesterone therapy to control hormone levels and reduce the risk for uterine cancer. […] A prophylactic hysterectomy may be an option for some women who have a very high risk of developing uterine cancer, including some women with Lynch syndrome. This is surgery to remove the uterus before cancer develops. The decision to have a prophylactic hysterectomy should be carefully considered. Talk to your doctor about all the risks and benefits of the surgery and if it’s the best choice for you.

• #62 Uterine and Endometrial Cancer Prevention | Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center – Buffalo, NY

  https://www.roswellpark.org/cancer/uterine-endometrial/prevention-screening

  Consider your family planning choices. Interestingly, the following factors are associated with reduced risk for uterine cancer: Pregnancy, Breastfeeding, Taking oral contraceptives. […] Be cautious with hormone therapy for menopause. Talk to your physician about your options for managing extreme menopausal symptoms. Taking estrogen, in the form of pills, patches, shots, creams or vaginal rings, increases the risk for uterine cancer. While adding the hormone progesterone to the estrogen may alleviate this increased risk, the combination increases risk for breast cancer. […] Seek treatment for uterine problems. Abnormal overgrowth of the uterine lining, a condition called endometrial hyperplasia, can develop into endometrial cancer. Treatment may include hormone therapy, placement of a progesterone-releasing IUD or hysterectomy (removing the uterus by surgery).

• #63 Endometrial Cancer Prevention (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/uterine/hp/endometrial-prevention-pdq

  Factors With Adequate Evidence for a Decreased Risk of Endometrial Cancer: Pregnancy and lactation are associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer. […] Based on solid evidence, at least 1-year use of oral contraceptives containing estrogen and progesterone decreases endometrial cancer risk, proportionate to duration of use. […] Bariatric surgery is associated with a decreased risk of developing endometrial cancer. […] Based on solid evidence, increased physical exercise is associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer. […] Based on solid evidence, cigarette smoking is associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer.

• #64 Cancer of the Uterus

  https://www.health.ny.gov/statistics/cancer/registry/abouts/uterus.htm

  What can I do to reduce my chances of getting cancer of the uterus? To help reduce the risk of getting uterine cancer: […] Choose a healthy diet to achieve and maintain a healthy weight. Eat more vegetables, fruits and whole grains and eat less red and processed (e.g., bacon, sausage, luncheon meat, hot dogs) meats. These actions may reduce the risk of developing many types of cancer as well as other diseases. […] Discuss the use of hormone replacement therapy with your health care provider. […] The following may help reduce the risk of developing cancer: Do not smoke. If you currently smoke, quit. Avoid exposure to secondhand smoke. […] Exercise regularly. […] Talk with your health care provider about recommended cancer screenings.

• #65 Uterine/Endometrial Cancer | Condition | UAMS Health

  https://uamshealth.com/condition/uterus-cancer/

  Endometrial cancer prevention strategies include avoiding risk factors when possible and increasing protective factors that may help prevent cancer. […] Obesity, certain inherited conditions, and taking estrogen alone (without progesterone) can increase the risk of endometrial cancer. […] Radiation therapy to the pelvis can increase the risk of uterine sarcoma. […] Taking tamoxifen for breast cancer can increase the risk of both endometrial cancer and uterine sarcoma.

• #66 Tamoxifen and Uterine Cancer | ACOG

  https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2014/06/tamoxifen-and-uterine-cancer

  Tamoxifen use may be extended to 10 years based on new data demonstrating additional benefit. […] Women taking tamoxifen should be informed about the risks of endometrial proliferation, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial cancer, and uterine sarcomas. […] Postmenopausal women taking tamoxifen should be closely monitored for symptoms of endometrial hyperplasia or cancer. […] Premenopausal women treated with tamoxifen have no known increased risk of uterine cancer and as such require no additional monitoring beyond routine gynecologic care. […] Unless the patient has been identified to be at high risk of endometrial cancer, routine endometrial surveillance has not proved to be effective in increasing the early detection of endometrial cancer in women using tamoxifen. […] Emerging evidence suggests the presence of high-risk and low-risk groups for development of atypical hyperplasias with tamoxifen treatment in postmenopausal women based on the presence or absence of benign endometrial polyps before therapy. […] If atypical endometrial hyperplasia develops, appropriate gynecologic management should be instituted, and the use of tamoxifen should be reassessed.

• #67 Tamoxifen and Uterine Cancer | ACOG

  https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2014/06/tamoxifen-and-uterine-cancer

  Tamoxifen use may be extended to 10 years based on new data demonstrating additional benefit. […] Women taking tamoxifen should be informed about the risks of endometrial proliferation, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial cancer, and uterine sarcomas. […] Postmenopausal women taking tamoxifen should be closely monitored for symptoms of endometrial hyperplasia or cancer. […] Premenopausal women treated with tamoxifen have no known increased risk of uterine cancer and as such require no additional monitoring beyond routine gynecologic care. […] Unless the patient has been identified to be at high risk of endometrial cancer, routine endometrial surveillance has not proved to be effective in increasing the early detection of endometrial cancer in women using tamoxifen. […] Emerging evidence suggests the presence of high-risk and low-risk groups for development of atypical hyperplasias with tamoxifen treatment in postmenopausal women based on the presence or absence of benign endometrial polyps before therapy. […] If atypical endometrial hyperplasia develops, appropriate gynecologic management should be instituted, and the use of tamoxifen should be reassessed.

• #68 Womb (uterus) cancer | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/cancer/cancer-types-in-adults/womb-uterus-cancer/

  Its not always possible to prevent womb cancer, but some things are thought to reduce your risk. This includes maintaining a healthy weight and the long-term use of some types of contraception. […] Because of the link between increased levels of unopposed oestrogen and womb cancer, oestrogen-only hormone replacement therapy (HRT) should only be given to those who have had their womb surgically removed (hysterectomy). […] Women and anyone with a womb who is overweight is 3 times more likely to develop womb cancer compared with those who are a healthy weight. […] Women and anyone with a womb who has not had children are at a higher risk of womb cancer. […] Its important to visit your GP if youre taking tamoxifen and experience any abnormal vaginal bleeding. […] Its not known exactly what causes womb cancer, but certain things can increase your risk of developing it. […] Endometrial hyperplasia is when the lining of the womb becomes thicker. It may be increase risk of developing womb cancer.

• #69 Endometrial Cancer Prevention (PDQ®) – PDQ Cancer Information Summaries – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65758/

  Avoiding risk factors and increasing protective factors may help prevent cancer. […] The following risk factors increase the risk of endometrial cancer: Endometrial hyperplasia, Estrogen, Tamoxifen, Obesity, weight gain, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes, Genetic factors. […] The following protective factors decrease the risk of endometrial cancer: Pregnancy and breast-feeding, Hormonal contraceptives, Weight loss, Physical activity. […] Cancer prevention clinical trials are used to study ways to prevent cancer. […] New ways to prevent endometrial cancer are being studied in clinical trials.

• #70 Uterine Cancer Prevention: Risk of Uterine Cancer & Endometrial Cancer Prevention for Patients – Cleveland OH | University Hospitals

  https://www.uhhospitals.org/services/cancer-services/gynecologic-cancer/uterine-cancer/prevention

  Cancer prevention is action taken to lower the chance of getting cancer. […] Avoiding risk factors and increasing protective factors may help prevent cancer. […] The following risk factors increase the risk of endometrial cancer: Endometrial hyperplasia, Estrogen, Tamoxifen, Obesity, weight gain, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes, Genetic factors. […] The following protective factors decrease the risk of endometrial cancer: Pregnancy and breast-feeding, Hormonal contraceptives, Weight loss, Physical activity. […] Cancer prevention clinical trials are used to study ways to prevent cancer. […] New ways to prevent endometrial cancer are being studied in clinical trials.

• #71 Why Are Uterine Cancer Cases Rising? – UMMS Health

  https://health.umms.org/2022/10/12/uterine-cancer-cases-are-rising/

  Your health care provider can help you understand your potential risk of uterine cancer and get regular pelvic exams. There are also a few lifestyle choices you can make to help protect you, such as: […] Researchers are also looking for ways to help women at high risk. For example, one study is trying to determine whether routine examinations and uterine biopsies to detect and treat abnormal cells early would be effective. They’re also looking to see if IUDs that release specific hormones could help prevent uterine cancer.

• #72 Project 3: Primary Prevention and Uterine Preservation in Premenopausal Women with Obesity and Endometrial Hyperplasia/Cancer

  https://www.ouhealth.com/stephenson-cancer-center/cancer-research/spore-in-endometrial-cancer/project-3-primary-prevention-and-uterine-preserv/

  Up to 90% of the ~65,000 women diagnosed with endometrial cancer each year in the U.S. are overweight or obese, and up to 60% of endometrial cancer cases are attributed to obesity. […] If diagnosed at one of these stages, a patient can be treated with hysterectomy, which is 100% effective in preventing/curing endometrial cancer. […] Instead, such patients are commonly treated with progestin, most commonly via a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device. […] As bariatric surgery can also reverse AEH and grade 1 endometrial cancer, an ideal treatment for premenopausal women desiring future fertility would be to simultaneously provide a progestin IUD along with an effective weight loss strategy. […] Our aim is to determine the efficacy of progestin plus a behavioral weight loss intervention to allow uterine preservation and cancer prevention in premenopausal women with AEH or grade 1 endometrial cancer. […] If this project identifies effective strategies, they can be widely implemented to allow premenopausal women with AEH or grade 1 endometrial cancer to both avoid cancer and preserve their uterus for future fertility.

• #73 Advancing Prevention and Genetic Testing Methods in Uterine Cancer

  https://www.cancernetwork.com/view/advancing-prevention-and-genetic-testing-methods-in-uterine-cancer

  Gardner additionally identified genetic testing as an unmet need, particularly as it related to its use in preventative treatment measures. […] We have an unmet need to increase awareness and drive forward the science related to prevention and effective treatments across all subtypes of uterine cancer, and specifically endometrial [cancer]. […] There is an unmet need to raise that public discourse and awareness about genetic testing and to carry it forward and keep up the public awareness piece commensurate with what our scientific investigators are discovering related to a broader opportunity for genetic testing and disease prevention for gynecologic cancers.

• #74 Endometrial Cancer Prevention – Patient Version – CancerHub New Zealand

  https://cancerhub.net/index.php/cancer-types-2/cancer-types/uterus-cancer/endometrial-cancer-prevention-patient-version/

  Avoiding risk factors and increasing protective factors may help prevent cancer. […] The following risk factors increase the risk of endometrial cancer: Endometrial hyperplasia, Estrogen, Tamoxifen, Obesity, weight gain, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes, Genetic factors. […] The following protective factors decrease the risk of endometrial cancer: Pregnancy and breast-feeding, Combination oral contraceptives, Physical activity, Cigarette smoking. […] Cancer prevention clinical trials are used to study ways to prevent cancer. […] New ways to prevent endometrial cancer are being studied in clinical trials.

• #75 Endometrial Cancer Prevention (PDQ®): Prevention – Patient Information [NCI]

  https://www.cham.org/HealthwiseArticle.aspx?id=ncicdr0000258009

  Tamoxifen is one of a group of drugs called selective estrogen receptor modulators, or SERMs. […] Obesity, gaining weight as an adult, or having metabolic syndrome increases the risk of endometrial cancer. […] The following protective factors decrease the risk of endometrial cancer: Pregnancy and breast-feeding. […] Taking hormonal contraceptives (birth control pills) that combine estrogen and progestin (combined oral contraceptives) decreases the risk of endometrial cancer. […] New ways to prevent endometrial cancer are being studied in clinical trials.

• #76 Endometrial Cancer Prevention – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/uterine/patient/endometrial-prevention-pdq

  Endometrial cancer prevention is action taken to lower the chance of getting cancer. […] Avoiding risk factors and increasing protective factors may help prevent cancer. […] The following risk factors increase the risk of endometrial cancer: Endometrial hyperplasia, Estrogen, Tamoxifen, Obesity, weight gain, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes, Genetic factors. […] The following protective factors decrease the risk of endometrial cancer: Pregnancy and breast-feeding, Hormonal contraceptives, Weight loss, Physical activity. […] Cancer prevention clinical trials are used to study ways to prevent cancer. […] New ways to prevent endometrial cancer are being studied in clinical trials.

• #77 Endometrial Cancer Prevention (PDQ®) – NCI

  https://www.cancer.gov/types/uterine/hp/endometrial-prevention-pdq

  Factors With Adequate Evidence for a Decreased Risk of Endometrial Cancer: Pregnancy and lactation are associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer. […] Based on solid evidence, at least 1-year use of oral contraceptives containing estrogen and progesterone decreases endometrial cancer risk, proportionate to duration of use. […] Bariatric surgery is associated with a decreased risk of developing endometrial cancer. […] Based on solid evidence, increased physical exercise is associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer. […] Based on solid evidence, cigarette smoking is associated with a decreased risk of endometrial cancer.

• #78 Reducing Risk for Uterine Cancer | Uterine Cancer | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/uterine-cancer/prevention/index.html

  There is no known way to prevent uterine cancer. […] But some things may lower your chance of getting uterine cancer. […] Keeping a healthy weight and being physically active may lower your chance of getting uterine cancer. […] Using birth control pills that contain estrogen and progesterone. […] Maintaining a healthy weight and being physically active. […] Taking progesterone, if you are taking estrogen. […] While these things may help reduce the chance of getting uterine cancer, they are not recommended for everybody, and risks and benefits are associated with each.

• #79 Endometrial Cancer – Uterine Cancer

  https://www.webmd.com/cancer/understanding-endometrial-cancer-basics

  Most endometrial cancer can’t be prevented. But there are certain things you can do that may lower your chances of getting it. […] Using hormonal birth control lowers the risk, but first talk with a doctor about possible pros and cons. […] Being healthy overall, eating well, exercising, and watching your weight may help lower your risk.

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