Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Postpartum Psychosis: What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24152-postpartum-psychosis

  PPP happens unpredictably and for reasons that experts dont fully understand. Because of that, theres no way to prevent it entirely. But some approaches can reduce the chance of developing it. These are especially important for people who have: […] For people who meet any of those criteria, some treatments may reduce the risk of developing it. Lithium, which also treats PPP, is the most common medication used to lower the risk of another occurrence later in life. Other medications may also help reduce the risk of developing it. Your healthcare provider is the best person to explain the options and why they recommend them.

• #2 Postpartum psychosis – NHS

  https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/post-partum-psychosis/

  Postpartum psychosis is a serious mental health illness that can affect someone soon after having a baby. […] It can get worse rapidly and the illness can risk the safety of the mother and baby. […] If you’re at high risk of developing postpartum psychosis, you should have specialist care during or before pregnancy and be seen by a perinatal psychiatrist. […] You’ll get a written copy of your care plan explaining how you and your family can get help quickly if you become ill, as well as strategies you can use to reduce your risk of becoming ill. […] Many people who’ve had postpartum psychosis go on to have more children. Although there is about a 1 in 2 chance you will have another episode after a future pregnancy, you should be able to get help quickly with the right care and the risks can be reduced with appropriate interventions.

• #3 Tragic or Treated: Why We Cannot Miss Postpartum Psychosis

  https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/tragic-or-treated-why-we-cannot-miss-postpartum-psychosis

  Postpartum psychosis affects 1-2 per thousand new mothers, with symptoms often appearing within weeks postpartum. […] Proper identification and urgent treatment, including hospitalization and medication, are crucial to prevent serious outcomes. […] Awareness and education among psychiatrists are essential to improve diagnosis and treatment, preventing tragedies. […] Postpartum psychosis is both potentially deadly and highly treatable. […] Mothers experiencing postpartum psychosis need identification and urgent treatment, due to these elevated risks. […] Most require psychiatric hospitalization for a period of stabilization. […] Mothers with postpartum psychosis are treatable with mood stabilizers and antipsychotic agents, and therapy. […] The ability to properly identify it is thus potentially lifesaving. […] With knowledge, psychiatrists can recognize this highly treatable illness, and prevent tragedies by acting quickly.

• #4 Postpartum Psychosis: Complicated but Treatable Psychiatric Emergency

  https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/postpartum-psychosis-complicated-but-treatable-psychiatric-emergency

  Postpartum psychosis is a rare psychiatric emergency with an incidence of 0.89 to 2.6 per 1000 births, requiring prompt identification and treatment. […] Early identification and treatment are crucial to prevent severe outcomes, with a good long-term prognosis if managed appropriately. […] Treatment of postpartum psychosis includes psychoeducation, assessment of the appropriate level of care, and pharmacotherapy. […] Preconception counseling, regular psychiatric care, and close monitoring are important for women who are at high risk with a history or family history of postpartum psychosis. […] Inpatient hospitalization is usually required, given the rapid deterioration and risk of suicide and infanticide. […] Lithium has been studied the most for prophylaxis of postpartum psychosis in patients with a history of postpartum psychosis. […] Early identification and treatment can prevent women from experiencing severe symptoms, which can be traumatic for the mother and her family.

• #5 Prevention of postpartum psychosis and mania in women at high risk – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22407083/

  Objective: Women with a history of bipolar disorder or postpartum psychosis are at extremely high risk of relapse postpartum. […] The authors recommend initiating prophylactic treatment immediately postpartum in women with a history of psychosis limited to the postpartum period, to avoid in utero fetal exposure to medication. Patients with bipolar disorder require continuous prophylaxis throughout pregnancy and the postpartum period to reduce peripartum relapse risk.

• #6 Preventive interventions for postnatal psychosis: an empty/full systematic review – Students 4 Best Evidence

  https://s4be.cochrane.org/blog/2013/07/18/preventive-interventions-for-postnatal-psychosis-an-emptyfull-systematic-review/

  Preventive interventions for postnatal psychosis aim at identifying women with risk factors, early recognition of imminent psychosis through screening, and preventive drug therapy. Mood stabilizers, antipsychotic drugs and hormone therapy may be beneficial in the prevention of postnatal psychotic episodes in women at high risk. […] Preventive interventions for postnatal psychosis might work through early diagnosis and prophylactic treatment with mood stabilizers and antipsychotic drugs. […] Lithium is the mood stabiliser with the most evidence for prophylaxis of psychosis. Given either in late pregnancy or immediately after delivery, lithium may prevent the development of postnatal psychosis in high-risk women. […] In addition, preventing sleep loss near delivery may avert an episode of postpartum psychosis.

• #7 About Perinatal Mental Health | Postpartum Support International (PSI)SearchFacebookInstagram-1PinterestLinkedinVimeoYoutube-playScroll to top

  https://www.postpartum.net/perinatal-mental-health/

  The most significant risk factor for perinatal/pospartum psychosis is a personal or family history of bipolar disorder, or a previous psychotic episode. […] The majority of individuals who experience perinatal psychosis do not harm themselves or anyone else. However, there is always the risk of danger because psychosis includes delusional thinking and irrational judgment. It is important to stay with the perinatal individual and the child to ensure everyone’s safety. Call your doctor or an emergency crisis hotline right away so that you can get the help you need. […] After emergency treatment, those individuals who have experienced Perinatal Psychosis should be followed by a doctor and therapist to continue treatment, including medication and ongoing therapy.

• #8 Bipolar Disorder and Postpartum Psychosis

  https://crownviewpsych.com/blog/bipolar-disorder-and-postpartum-psychosis/

  Welcoming a new child into the world should be a joyous experience, but in some cases, new mothers with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder may be at risk of postpartum psychosis. […] The risk of postpartum psychosis is 25%–50% among women who have bipolar disorder. That’s 100 times greater than the risk among the general public. […] The good news, the team reported, is that women who receive appropriate treatment for postpartum psychosis can make a successful recovery. […] According to two studies, 75%–86% of women with bipolar disorder and postpartum psychosis remained symptom-free after their first psychotic episode. Getting help within one month of giving birth may be the key to preventing long-term harm. […] Among women with a history of bipolar disorder and/or postpartum psychosis, the careful use of medication may reduce risk of postpartum relapse.

• #9 Preventive interventions for postnatal psychosis – Essali, A – 2013 | Cochrane Library

  https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD009991.pub2/abstract

  Postnatal psychosis is a worldwide lifethreatening condition that affects one to two in every 1000 new mothers. […] Preventive interventions for postnatal psychosis aim at identifying women with risk factors, early recognition of imminent psychosis through screening, and preventive drug therapy. Mood stabilisers, antipsychotic drugs and hormone therapy may be beneficial in the prevention of postnatal psychotic episodes in women at risk. […] Preventive interventions for postnatal psychosis aim at identifying women with risk factors, the early recognition of imminent psychosis through screening, and preventive drug therapy. […] Preventive interventions for postnatal psychosis can not be justified without welldesigned, wellconducted, and wellreported randomised studies. […] Given the high risk of relapse and recurrence in women with postpartum psychosis, prophylaxis is imperative.

• #10 Postpartum psychosis

  https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mental-health/mental-illnesses-and-mental-health-problems/postpartum-psychosis

  Ideally, let your psychiatrist and GP know that you want to get pregnant before you start trying for a baby. You can discuss with them any medications you are taking. They can advise you how to stay as well as possible before becoming pregnant. Your pregnancy may not be planned (many pregnancies aren’t). In that case, let your doctor know as soon as possible. […] If you are already pregnant, it’s important that everyone involved in your care knows about any mental illness you have had in the past. This includes your midwife, obstetrician, GP and health visitor. Your mental health team and GP need to know you are pregnant. They all need to know that you have a high risk of postpartum psychosis so that they can arrange the care and support you need. They should help you to make a plan for your care (see below).

• #11 Postpartum psychosis

  https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mental-health/mental-illnesses-and-mental-health-problems/postpartum-psychosis

  If you are at high risk of postpartum psychosis, you should have specialist care in pregnancy. You should be referred to a perinatal mental health service when you find out you are pregnant. […] Ideally you should have a pre-birth planning meeting when you are around 32 weeks pregnant, which involves you and everyone involved in your care. This includes your partner, family or any friends you would like to bring. It also includes mental health professionals, your midwife, obstetrician, health visitor and GP. The aim is to make sure that everyone involved in your care knows about your risk of postpartum psychosis and that a plan for your care should be agreed. […] If you start to have symptoms of postpartum psychosis, you need to be seen urgently. If you have been told, during pregnancy, that you have a high risk of postpartum psychosis, look at your care plan. This should have emergency contact numbers for your mental health team or local crisis service.

• #12 Planning pregnancy | Action on Postpartum Psychosis

  https://www.app-network.org/postpartum-psychosis/planning-pregnancy/

  „Three years later, I had my daughter and, knowing that there was a 50/50 chance of developing postpartum psychosis again, I planned every detail of the birthing experience really carefully.” […] „If you do decide to try for a baby, the most important thing you can do is to make sure that all the health professionals involved in your care know about your risk of developing PP.” […] „Planning well for PP can help you and your partner accept that, although an episode is a possibility, you have the best support and treatment plan in place.” […] „If you have a risk of PP you should get some specialist care during pregnancy.” […] „The aim of the meeting is to make sure that everyone involved in your care knows about your risk of postpartum psychosis.” […] „Postpartum psychosis is not your fault and can happen even with the most careful planning.” […] „With early, well-planned care you are likely to recover much more quickly.”

• #13 Postpartum psychosis: What you should know

  https://flo.health/being-a-mom/recovering-from-birth/emotions-after-delivery/postpartum-psychosis

  Postpartum psychosis is a mental health emergency that affects a small number of women after giving birth. […] If you suspect that you or someone close to you might be at risk, get help immediately. Postpartum psychosis is rare and affects about one or two in 1,000 new moms, but it’s considered to be a mental health emergency. […] Early treatment increases the odds of a good outcome, so it’s important that you get help right away. […] If you’re at high risk of developing perinatal mental health issues of any type, you should receive specialist care during pregnancy and the postpartum period. […] Make a care plan with your crisis team so that if you do become unwell, they can act fast and speed up your recovery. […] It’s important for women and their loved ones to be aware of the signs and symptoms of postpartum psychosis and to seek help immediately.

• #14 Prevention Strategies for Women at High Risk for Postpartum Psychosis

  https://www.mghp3.org/post/prevention-strategies-for-women-at-high-risk-for-postpartum-psychosis

  As more researchers are focusing their efforts on understanding and treating postpartum psychosis (PP), one of the major goals is to prevent relapse in women with risk factors for the disorder. […] This study by Bergink et al. looked at prevention methods for women in these two high risk groups and developed a clinical algorithm for preventative, or prophylactic, treatment of PP. […] For this study, Bergink and colleagues designed a Peripartum Prevention Program using the best evidence available to examine prophylactic options for women at high risk for PP. […] Another part of the program was emphasizing the importance of getting enough sleep. […] However, the relapse rate for women not taking prophylaxis was 44.4%, which provides evidence for the efficacy of prophylaxis in the postpartum period for women who have experienced past episodes of PP.

• #15 Postpartum Psychosis Can be Prevented in Women at High Risk – MGH Center for Women’s Mental Health

  https://womensmentalhealth.org/posts/postpartum-psychosis-can-be-prevented-in-women-at-high-risk/

  Postpartum Psychosis Can be Prevented in Women at High Risk […] It is well-established that women with a history of bipolar disorder or postpartum psychosis are at extremely high risk of postpartum psychiatric illness. Several studies have indicated that lithium prophylaxis can dramatically reduce the risk of postpartum relapse; however, the studies have varied in terms of the timing of prophylaxis, with some initiating treatment during pregnancy and others initiating treatment immediately after delivery. […] Based on these findings the authors recommend initiating prophylactic treatment with lithium immediately after delivery in women with a history of psychosis limited to the postpartum period. This approach minimizes exposure to medication during pregnancy but at the same time effectively decreases the risk of postpartum relapse. […] Furthermore, relapse during pregnancy significantly increases the risk of postpartum illness. Prophylaxis during pregnancy not only helped to maintain mood stability during pregnancy but also reduced the risk of postpartum illness. […] This study, and several others, have clearly demonstrated that we can use lithium prophylaxis to actually prevent postpartum illness in a women at high risk for postpartum psychiatric illness.

• #16 P-1455 – Prevention of Postpartum Psychosis in Women at High Risk | European Psychiatry | Cambridge Core

  https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/european-psychiatry/article/p1455-prevention-of-postpartum-psychosis-in-women-at-high-risk/4E1AD8E4BE9272C02BB6D99839E8214A

  Women with a history of bipolar disorder or postpartum psychosis are at extremely high risk of relapse postpartum. […] Although lithium prophylaxis has demonstrated efficacy in reducing postpartum relapse, the timing of prophylaxis remains controversial. […] We recommend initiating prophylactic treatment immediately postpartum in women with a history of psychosis limited to the postpartum period, offering an important clinical advantage by avoiding in utero fetal exposure to prophylactic medication. […] Additionally, patients with BD require continuous prophylaxis throughout pregnancy and the postpartum period to effectively reduce their peripartum relapse risk.

• #17 Management of New Onset Psychosis in the Postpartum Period

  https://www.psychiatrist.com/jcp/new-onset-psychosis-in-the-postpartum-period/

  In this article, we provide a synopsis of the clinical presentation and diagnosis of postpartum psychosis and review treatment and prevention strategies. […] Recommendations for the prevention of postpartum psychosis are based on a patients clinical history. Women with a history of isolated postpartum psychosis are not at increased risk for episodes during pregnancy and can receive prophylactic medication immediately after delivery to reduce risk of developing postpartum psychosis. Lithium or antipsychotics should be initiated immediately postpartum. […] For women with bipolar disorder, postpartum relapse rates are significantly reduced in those who were maintained on medication during pregnancy. […] Postpartum psychosis is a psychiatric emergency. Immediate treatment with a combination of lithium, antipsychotics, and benzodiazepines has been demonstrated to be effective, and ECT may be required. Recommendations for long-term treatment and prevention of future episodes vary based on the patients psychiatric history, and a treatment plan should be made together with the patient based on her preferences, history of response, and the potential risks of treatment, as well as the patients desire to breastfeed.

• #18 1601 – Prevention Of Postpartum Psychosis And Mania In Women At High Risk | European Psychiatry | Cambridge Core

  https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/european-psychiatry/article/1601-prevention-of-postpartum-psychosis-and-mania-in-women-at-high-risk/3A1C8356727235A26767E49B09766E62

  Women with a history of bipolar disorder or postpartum psychosis are at extremely high risk of relapse postpartum. […] Although lithium prophylaxis has demonstrated efficacy in reducing postpartum relapse, the timing of prophylaxis remains controversial given the balance of risks and benefits for the mother and fetus. […] The authors recommend initiating prophylactic treatment immediately postpartum in women with a history of psychosis limited to the postpartum period, to avoid in utero fetal exposure to prophylactic medication. […] Patients with bipolar disorder require continuous prophylaxis throughout pregnancy and the postpartum period to reduce peripartum relapse risk.

• #19 Postpartum Psychosis – A Comprehensive Review

  https://psychscenehub.com/psychinsights/postpartum-psychosis-review/

  Medication Prophylaxis: […] Women with bipolar disorder: Consider continuation of medication as prophylaxis during pregnancy increases the likelihood of maintaining mood stability during pregnancy and preventing postpartum relapse. […] Women with isolated postpartum psychosis episode: […] Begin prophylactic treatment immediately after birth, limited to the postpartum period. […] Support for mother: […] Strategies to obtain adequate sleep and maintain a stable circadian rhythm. […] Strategies to limit their stress. […] Involve family support. […] Facilitate mother-infant bonding. […] A meta-analysis demonstrated that patients with either a history of affective psychosis in the postpartum period or bipolar disorder are at high risk for postpartum relapse. […] In women with bipolar disorder, postpartum relapse rates were significantly higher among those who were medication-free during pregnancy than those who used prophylactic medication.

• #20 Prevention Strategies for Women at High Risk for Postpartum Psychosis

  https://www.mghp3.org/post/prevention-strategies-for-women-at-high-risk-for-postpartum-psychosis

  Additionally, this study showed that in women with bipolar disorder, maintaining lithium prophylaxis throughout pregnancy was effective in preventing relapse both during pregnancy and postpartum. […] In contrast, women with a history of PP only should remain medication-free for the duration of their pregnancy to minimize any risk of fetal exposure, with prophylaxis starting immediately postpartum. […] These findings are an important step on the path to relapse prevention and better outcomes for women at risk for PP.

• #21 Preventive Interventions for Postnatal Psychosis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3686463/

  Postnatal psychosis is a worldwide life-threatening condition that affects 12 in every 1000 new mothers. […] Preventive interventions for postnatal psychosis aim at identifying women with risk factors, early recognition of imminent psychosis through screening, and preventive drug therapy. Mood stabilizers, antipsychotic drugs, and hormone therapy may be beneficial in the prevention of postnatal psychotic episodes in women at risk. […] Preventive interventions for postnatal psychosis are difficult to justify with confidence without well-designed, well-conducted, and well-reported randomized studies. Available publications suggest that such studies are possible, and funders of research may wish to make this work a priority.

• #22 Postpartum Psychosis | Psychology Today

  https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/basics/postpartum-psychosis

  In the months prior to delivery, women at risk should consult with their psychiatrists to consider treatment options for postpartum psychosis. Lithium has been identified as a drug that may be helpful as a prophylactic for the condition. A small study of women who’d previously had postpartum psychosis also found lithium treatments effective when administered shortly after delivery. […] Preventing sleep loss in the days and weeks leading up to delivery may be effective in averting an episode of postpartum psychosis. […] Prophylactic administration of estrogen is currently a therapy under investigation.

• #23 Postpartum psychosis: Protecting mother and infant | MDedge

  https://blogs.the-hospitalist.org/content/postpartum-psychosis-protecting-mother-and-infant

  Evidence clearly suggests that women with bipolar disorder are at increased risk for illness recurrence without continued maintenance medication. […] A subgroup of women with PPP go on to have psychosis limited to the postpartum period, and reinstating prophylactic medication in late pregnancy (preferably) or immediately after birth should be discussed. […] The choice of prophylactic medication should be determined by the woman’s previous response. […] Regarding prophylaxis, the most evidence exists for lithium. […] Lamotrigine is an alternative mood stabilizer with a favorable safety profile in pregnancy. […] To prevent relapse in the postpartum period, consider initiating treatment with mood stabilizers and/or SGAs, particularly for women with bipolar disorder who do not take medication during pregnancy.

• #24 Management of New Onset Psychosis in the Postpartum Period

  https://www.psychiatrist.com/jcp/new-onset-psychosis-in-the-postpartum-period/

  In this article, we provide a synopsis of the clinical presentation and diagnosis of postpartum psychosis and review treatment and prevention strategies. […] Recommendations for the prevention of postpartum psychosis are based on a patients clinical history. Women with a history of isolated postpartum psychosis are not at increased risk for episodes during pregnancy and can receive prophylactic medication immediately after delivery to reduce risk of developing postpartum psychosis. Lithium or antipsychotics should be initiated immediately postpartum. […] For women with bipolar disorder, postpartum relapse rates are significantly reduced in those who were maintained on medication during pregnancy. […] Postpartum psychosis is a psychiatric emergency. Immediate treatment with a combination of lithium, antipsychotics, and benzodiazepines has been demonstrated to be effective, and ECT may be required. Recommendations for long-term treatment and prevention of future episodes vary based on the patients psychiatric history, and a treatment plan should be made together with the patient based on her preferences, history of response, and the potential risks of treatment, as well as the patients desire to breastfeed.

• #25 Postpartum psychosis: Protecting mother and infant | MDedge

  https://medauth2.mdedge.com/content/postpartum-psychosis-protecting-mother-and-infant

  Evidence clearly suggests that women with bipolar disorder are at increased risk for illness recurrence without continued maintenance medication. […] A subgroup of women with PPP go on to have psychosis limited to the postpartum period, and reinstating prophylactic medication in late pregnancy (preferably) or immediately after birth should be discussed. […] The choice of prophylactic medication should be determined by the woman’s previous response. […] To prevent relapse in the postpartum period, consider initiating treatment with mood stabilizers and/or SGAs, particularly for women with bipolar disorder who do not take medication during pregnancy.

• #26 Preventive interventions for postnatal psychosis: an empty/full systematic review

  https://www.nationalelfservice.net/populations-and-settings/perinatal-mental-health/preventive-interventions-for-postnatal-psychosis-an-emptyfull-systematic-review/

  Preventive interventions for postnatal psychosis aim at identifying women with risk factors, early recognition of imminent psychosis through screening, and preventive drug therapy. […] Mood stabilizers, antipsychotic drugs and hormone therapy may be beneficial in the prevention of postnatal psychotic episodes in women at high risk. […] Preventive interventions for postnatal psychosis might work through early diagnosis and prophylactic treatment with mood stabilizers and antipsychotic drugs. […] Lithium is the mood stabiliser with the most evidence for prophylaxis of psychosis. […] Given either in late pregnancy or immediately after delivery, lithium may prevent the development of postnatal psychosis in high-risk women. […] In addition, preventing sleep loss near delivery may avert an episode of postpartum psychosis.

• #27 Sleep and Postpartum Psychosis: A Narrative Review of the Existing Literature

  https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/24/7550

  Sleep problems are extremely common during the postpartum period. […] The role of sleep in the development of postpartum psychosis (PP) is, however, still under-researched. […] Some of the existing literature suggests an association between sleep problems, specifically insomnia, sleep loss and sleep disruption during pregnancy and postpartum, and PP, with the most relevant risk factors including history of bipolar disorder and time of delivery. […] It is clear that sleep problems (e.g., insomnia) postnatally are symptoms of PP, but can also trigger the development of PP; therefore, understanding this distinction is extremely important for disentangling the role of sleep in PP. […] The significance of sleep as a symptom and precursor of PP during the postpartum period supports the importance of focusing on sleep problems, including sleep loss, sleep disturbance and insomnia, as a potential risk factor for the development of PP.

• #28 Preventive interventions for postnatal psychosis: an empty/full systematic review – Students 4 Best Evidence

  https://s4be.cochrane.org/blog/2013/07/18/preventive-interventions-for-postnatal-psychosis-an-emptyfull-systematic-review/

  Preventive interventions for postnatal psychosis aim at identifying women with risk factors, early recognition of imminent psychosis through screening, and preventive drug therapy. Mood stabilizers, antipsychotic drugs and hormone therapy may be beneficial in the prevention of postnatal psychotic episodes in women at high risk. […] Preventive interventions for postnatal psychosis might work through early diagnosis and prophylactic treatment with mood stabilizers and antipsychotic drugs. […] Lithium is the mood stabiliser with the most evidence for prophylaxis of psychosis. Given either in late pregnancy or immediately after delivery, lithium may prevent the development of postnatal psychosis in high-risk women. […] In addition, preventing sleep loss near delivery may avert an episode of postpartum psychosis.

• #29 Psychological interventions for managing postpartum psychosis: a qualitative analysis of women’s and family members’ experiences and preferences | BMC Psychiatry | Full Text

  https://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12888-019-2378-y

  Psychological approaches deemed useful are those incorporating acceptance or compassion based techniques, family interventions, trauma work and relapse prevention planning. […] The findings of this study highlight the need for psychological and psychosocial intervention following postpartum psychosis to facilitate and enhance womens long-term recovery and functioning. […] Recommendations have been provided regarding the types of intervention that would be beneficial and further investigation is needed to develop and test the effectiveness of these interventions.

• #30 Postpartum Psychosis: Symptoms, Treatment and PreventionCircleBumpCheckedFilledMedicalBookmarkBookmarkTickBookmarkAddCheckBoxCheckBoxFilled

  https://www.thebump.com/a/postpartum-psychosis

  Are there ways to prevent postpartum psychosis? […] While there’s no way to completely prevent postpartum psychosis, there are steps you can take to manage certain risks, says Chaffin. She emphasizes that having a great support system is crucial. Plus, it’s also important to proactively get counseling for any personal and family mental health concerns early on. “For my clients who have a history of bipolar, we come up with a post-birth plan to implement and have ready for when baby comes,” Chaffin says. “If financially possible, I encourage them to have a postpartum doula to check in with them all the time.”

• #31 Psychological interventions for managing postpartum psychosis: a qualitative analysis of women’s and family members’ experiences and preferences | BMC Psychiatry | Full Text

  https://bmcpsychiatry.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12888-019-2378-y

  Psychological approaches deemed useful are those incorporating acceptance or compassion based techniques, family interventions, trauma work and relapse prevention planning. […] The findings of this study highlight the need for psychological and psychosocial intervention following postpartum psychosis to facilitate and enhance womens long-term recovery and functioning. […] Recommendations have been provided regarding the types of intervention that would be beneficial and further investigation is needed to develop and test the effectiveness of these interventions.

• #32 Understanding Postpartum Psychosis | Neuro Wellness Spa

  https://neurowellnessspa.com/postpartum-psychosis/

  Postpartum psychosis (PPP) requires urgent and careful treatment, often involving a combination of the following methods: […] Given the potentially severe nature of symptoms, timely intervention is critical. Treatment often involves a combination of medications, such as antipsychotics, mood stabilizers, and antidepressants, coupled with supportive therapy and counseling for both the affected individual and her family. […] If postpartum psychosis symptoms arise, seeking timely intervention is crucial. A robust support system, including peer support services, can significantly aid recovery. […] During pregnancy, seeking specialized care becomes essential, particularly for mothers at a higher risk of postpartum psychosis. Regular consultations with mental health professionals and midwives can ensure a well-structured care plan is in place for effective management.

• #33 What to know about postpartum psychosis | WHA Blog

  https://www.whallc.com/pregnancy/what-to-know-about-postpartum-psychosis/

  Postpartum psychosis is a rare but serious perinatal mental health condition that usually develops within the first few days up to the first week after childbirth. […] Understanding risk factors is crucial for preventing crisis episodes. A combination of family and personal mental health history plays a significant role in postpartum psychosis. […] Monitoring and managing these risk factors during pregnancy is essential. If they are identified, establishing a proactive perinatal mental health plan, which includes psychotherapy, medication management and crisis planning, can make a big difference if a crisis does arise. […] It’s important to note that while mental health care and planning are helpful, postpartum psychosis can still happen even with the best care. Prevention isn’t always possible because risk factors can’t be entirely mitigated. […] Planning and early recognition of postpartum psychosis is essential for quick and effective intervention, which can prevent a crisis and lead to better long term outcomes.

• #34 Understanding Postpartum Psychosis | Neuro Wellness Spa

  https://neurowellnessspa.com/postpartum-psychosis/

  Before planning a pregnancy, consulting specialists, such as perinatal psychiatrists, can provide valuable guidance on managing potential risks, especially regarding mental health. These experts can offer support in understanding the implications of postpartum psychosis and the available treatment options. […] After childbirth, ensuring adequate rest and support becomes paramount. Whether arranging assistance with night feeds or limiting visitors in the initial phase, creating a conducive environment that promotes rest and recovery is critical. […] Hospitalization may be necessary in some cases to ensure the safety of the mother and baby and to provide intensive care and monitoring.

• #35

  https://www.healio.com/news/psychiatry/20190731/strategies-to-help-prevent-infanticide-suicide-in-postpartum-psychosis

  For the prevention of infanticide and suicide in the postpartum period, experts wrote that inpatient care preferably at a mother-infant unit is vital to guarantee safety, complete the diagnostic evaluation and initiate treatment. […] Importantly, infanticide in women with acute postpartum psychosis (PP) can be prevented, because the disorder carries an excellent prognosis when treated in a timely and adequate fashion, Bergink and colleagues wrote. […] For primary prevention, Bergink and colleagues recommended that women with a history of bipolar disorder and/or postpartum psychosis should receive specialist care during pregnancy, see a psychiatrist and have a prebirth planning meeting during pregnancy with their family, friends, mental health professional, etc. to create a postpartum psychosis prevention plan.

• #36 Survivors of Pregnancy and Postpartum Psychosis Speak Out — Maternal Mental Health Leadership Alliance: MMHLA

  https://www.mmhla.org/articles/survivors-of-pregnancy-and-postpartum-psychosis-speak-out

  Postpartum psychosis (PPP) is the most severe of maternal mental health conditions, impacting 1-2 women per 1,000 live births. Because of the increased risk of suicide and infanticide, those suffering from PPP require immediate medical attention. […] When clinicians and researchers use the word rare to refer to pregnancy and postpartum psychosis, they are unintentionally making childbearing people think that PPP will not happen to them. Sending this message encourages childbearing people to do nothing, which is risky because preparation is key to improving outcomes and preventing tragedies. […] It is important to watch for anything outside the ordinary or what is normal for that person, such as bizarre or irrational thoughts, grandiose ideas, rapid speech, hyper-religious thoughts or ideas.

• #37 Postpartum psychosis

  https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mental-health/mental-illnesses-and-mental-health-problems/postpartum-psychosis

  Most women with postpartum psychosis need to be treated in hospital. Ideally you should be offered a bed in a Mother Baby Unit (MBU). This is a specialist psychiatric unit where mothers with mental illness are admitted with their babies. You will be supported in caring for your baby whilst you have the care and treatment you need. […] If you have a postpartum psychosis, you will probably need treatment with an antipsychotic medication, a mood stabiliser or both. […] During the worst part of your postpartum psychosis you will need practical help to care for your baby and also help to bond with your baby. Mother and Baby Unit (MBU) staff are trained to support you with every aspect of caring for your baby. […] You will usually need to have care from a community perinatal mental health service until you fully recover. This team can advise you about treatment and support for you and your family. […] It is very rare for babies to be removed from women with postpartum psychosis. Although it can take a while, most women recover fully and can care for their babies well.

• #38 Postpartum psychosis – COPE

  https://www.cope.org.au/new-parents/postnatal-mental-health-conditions/postpartum-psychosis/

  Postpartum psychosis is a rare condition that affects around 1 to 2 in every one thousand mums. It is a very serious mental health condition that requires urgent attention and treatment. […] It is very important that postpartum psychosis is identified and treatment sought urgently as the condition is very serious and places the mother at risk of harming herself, the baby and/or other children due to its impacts on her thinking and behaviours. […] As postpartum psychosis is a serious mental health condition, it is very important to seek urgent and immediate professional help from a GP, mental health service or hospital emergency department so that timely and appropriate management can stabilise the woman’s energy, thinking, behaviour and moods. […] Delays in identification and treatment can mean that treatment becomes longer and more complex. Delays can also pose significant safety risks for both the mother and her baby.

• #39 Perinatal/Postpartum Psychosis Help | Postpartum Support International (PSI)SearchFacebookInstagram-1PinterestLinkedinVimeoYoutube-playScroll to top

  https://postpartum.net/get-help/postpartum-psychosis-help/

  Postpartum Psychosis (PPP), also known as Perinatal Psychosis, is a serious PMH disorder that usually has an onset in the first 2-weeks (but up to a year). Postpartum Psychosis occurs in approximately 1 to 2 out of every 1,000 deliveries. […] An active case of Postpartum Psychosis is considered an emergency, and you should reach out to one of the numbers listed below. It is important to stay with the perinatal individual and the child to ensure everyone’s safety. […] Postpartum Psychosis is treatable, and help is available. You do not need a diagnosis to reach out for help. […] Immediate treatment for a person going through psychosis is imperative. […] Perinatal psychosis is temporary and treatable with professional help, but it is an emergency, and it is essential that you receive immediate help.

• #40 Proposed Treatment Algorithm for Postpartum Psychosis | CARLAT PUBLISHING

  https://www.thecarlatreport.com/articles/5343-proposed-treatment-algorithm-for-postpartum-psychosis

  Postpartum psychosis (PPP) is a serious mental illness that lacks official recognition in DSM-5. This paper pulled together peer-reviewed English-language studies to review what is known about PPP and propose a treatment algorithm. […] Patients at risk should be offered pre-conception counseling, ideally from a specialist in perinatal mental health. For patients with a history of PPP, researchers recommend prophylaxis with antipsychotics or lithium after delivery. […] PPP is a psychiatric emergency that often warrants hospitalization. Researchers recommend three medications: lithium, a second-generation antipsychotic, and short-term benzodiazepines to manage catatonia, agitation, or insomnia. […] This algorithm puts lithium, antipsychotics, and short-term benzodiazepines first line, with ECT reserved for refractory cases or those requiring a rapid response.

• #41 Postpartum Psychosis – A Rare But Serious Mental Health Condition

  https://www.postpartumdepression.org/postpartum-psychosis/

  Postpartum psychosis is a serious mental health issue affecting new mothers who have recently given birth. […] It is important to identify and treat postpartum psychosis to relieve the symptoms and prevent complications. […] Postpartum psychosis is considered a medical emergency. Ideally, a patient is admitted with their baby in a specialist psychiatric unit called the mother and baby unit (MBU). […] Hospitalization will usually be required for a few days to weeks, or until symptoms are relieved and mood is stabilized, such that a patient no longer tends to harm herself or the baby. […] Women with postpartum psychosis are prescribed medications aimed at relieving symptoms, improving hormonal balances, and preventing the risk of complications. […] Antipsychotic drugs, such as risperidone, ziprasidone, olanzapine, and aripiprazole, help prevent incidences of hallucinations.

• #42 Postpartum Psychosis – A Rare But Serious Mental Health Condition

  https://www.postpartumdepression.org/postpartum-psychosis/

  These drugs are prescribed to prevent or relieve manic episodes. Commonly used mood stabilizers for the management of postpartum psychosis include lithium, lamotrigine, carbamazepine, and divalproex sodium. […] Antidepressants are recommended for relieving signs of depression, such as sadness, anxiety, and suicidal tendencies. […] Other than medications, the management of postpartum psychosis also involves a combination of treatments and therapies, some of which are discussed below: […] Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) can be included in a treatment plan for postpartum psychosis once symptoms start improving. […] ECT is an invasive form of brain stimulation recommended in cases where other treatments have failed to provide any significant relief or when a patient is likely to develop serious complications. […] Appropriate treatment generally supports faster recovery and reduces the risk of life-threatening complications. […] Proper diagnosis and treatment of postpartum psychosis also play a role in restoring a mother’s natural ability to resume her routine activities in a shorter duration.

• #43 Postpartum psychosis – COPE

  https://www.cope.org.au/new-parents/postnatal-mental-health-conditions/postpartum-psychosis/

  Treatment will almost always require admission to a psychiatric hospital. This will allow the woman to be in a safe environment where she can be closely monitored by health professionals. […] Medication is necessary for the treatment and management of postpartum psychosis to address the chemical imbalance that is leading to the range of extreme symptoms that the woman is likely to be experiencing. […] It is also important to note that medications should not be prescribed, changed or stopped without discussion with a specialist psychiatrist. […] Developing a relapse prevention plan with a specialist is strongly advised. This can help you and your family identify and prepare, should the condition reoccur.

• #44 Postpartum psychosis – NHS

  https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/post-partum-psychosis/

  Postpartum psychosis is a serious mental health illness that can affect someone soon after having a baby. […] It can get worse rapidly and the illness can risk the safety of the mother and baby. […] If you’re at high risk of developing postpartum psychosis, you should have specialist care during or before pregnancy and be seen by a perinatal psychiatrist. […] You’ll get a written copy of your care plan explaining how you and your family can get help quickly if you become ill, as well as strategies you can use to reduce your risk of becoming ill. […] Many people who’ve had postpartum psychosis go on to have more children. Although there is about a 1 in 2 chance you will have another episode after a future pregnancy, you should be able to get help quickly with the right care and the risks can be reduced with appropriate interventions.

• #45 Long-term outcome of postpartum psychosis: a prospective clinical cohort study in 106 women | International Journal of Bipolar Disorders | Full Text

  https://journalbipolardisorders.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40345-021-00236-2

  Understanding who is at risk of a mood or psychotic disorder during follow-up, and whose vulnerability is limited to the postpartum period, is particularly important in guiding treatment decisions including long-term pharmacotherapy. Unfortunately, no biomarkers are currently available to help guide these decisions. In clinical practice, this means that long-term monitoring is warranted for everyone with postpartum psychosis. Another reason for long-term monitoring are the high suicide rates during follow-up, reported by other studies. […] Our findings add to previous evidence suggesting a fundamental link between postpartum psychosis and bipolar disorder, which may represent two distinct diagnoses within the same spectrum.

• #46 Postpartum psychosis – NHS

  https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/post-partum-psychosis/

  Postpartum psychosis is a serious mental health illness that can affect someone soon after having a baby. […] It can get worse rapidly and the illness can risk the safety of the mother and baby. […] If you’re at high risk of developing postpartum psychosis, you should have specialist care during or before pregnancy and be seen by a perinatal psychiatrist. […] You’ll get a written copy of your care plan explaining how you and your family can get help quickly if you become ill, as well as strategies you can use to reduce your risk of becoming ill. […] Many people who’ve had postpartum psychosis go on to have more children. Although there is about a 1 in 2 chance you will have another episode after a future pregnancy, you should be able to get help quickly with the right care and the risks can be reduced with appropriate interventions.

• #47

  https://www.healio.com/news/psychiatry/20190731/strategies-to-help-prevent-infanticide-suicide-in-postpartum-psychosis

  Therefore, for secondary prevention, they recommended conducting an extensive interview of the romantic partner and/or other family members in the diagnostic and risk assessment. […] For tertiary prevention, the researchers advised that when the referring physician suspects a possible postpartum psychosis diagnosis, they contact a psychiatrist during the patient consultation and have them evaluated same day. […] Pivotal in the adequate management of PP and prevention of suicide and filicide is an adequate infrastructure allowing for fast and efficient communication between the referring physician and psychiatrist, as well as sufficient admission capacity in the area and timely transit to PP treatment facilities, Bergink and colleagues wrote. The establishment of psychiatric inpatient mother-infant units in the United States and other nations will save lives of both mothers and infants.

• #48 Postpartum Psychosis – A Comprehensive Review

  https://psychscenehub.com/psychinsights/postpartum-psychosis-review/

  Medication Prophylaxis: […] Women with bipolar disorder: Consider continuation of medication as prophylaxis during pregnancy increases the likelihood of maintaining mood stability during pregnancy and preventing postpartum relapse. […] Women with isolated postpartum psychosis episode: […] Begin prophylactic treatment immediately after birth, limited to the postpartum period. […] Support for mother: […] Strategies to obtain adequate sleep and maintain a stable circadian rhythm. […] Strategies to limit their stress. […] Involve family support. […] Facilitate mother-infant bonding. […] A meta-analysis demonstrated that patients with either a history of affective psychosis in the postpartum period or bipolar disorder are at high risk for postpartum relapse. […] In women with bipolar disorder, postpartum relapse rates were significantly higher among those who were medication-free during pregnancy than those who used prophylactic medication.

• #49 Uncovering the Familial Link in Women with Postpartum Psychosis

  https://reports.mountsinai.org/article/psych2025-03-postpartum-psychosis-familial-link

  A large cohort study from Mount Sinai provides evidence, for the first time, on familial risk of postpartum psychosis. The findings pave the way for preventive work that can be done for women at increased risk. […] According to Dr. Bergink, diminished absolute risk should not divert attention from the fact every woman of childbearing age needs to know about the existence, severity, and symptoms of postpartum psychosis. Women and their physicians need to be aware of the early signs of the disease so it can be promptly diagnosed and, hopefully, prevented, she emphasizes. […] The next steps for the team include finding a genetic basis for postpartum psychosis and working on prevention strategies, says Behrang Mahjani, PhD, Assistant Professor of Psychiatry at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. […] Beyond expanding awareness around postpartum psychosis, Mount Sinai’s study is building a solid foundation for the next step of research, aimed at early recognition and prevention.

• #50 Preventive interventions for postnatal psychosis – Essali, A – 2013 | Cochrane Library

  https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD009991.pub2/abstract

  This review is important because it summarises the best available evidence for the benefits and harms of preventive interventions for postnatal psychosis. […] Despite growing interest in women’s mental health, the literature in the area of postnatal psychosis is still very limited. […] Preventive interventions for postnatal psychosis might work through early diagnosis and prophylactic treatment with mood stabilisers and antipsychotic drugs.

• #51 An Update on the Presentation, Nosology, and Causes of Postpartum Psychosis

  https://www.contemporarypediatrics.com/view/update-on-presentation-nosology-causes-postpartum-psychosis

  Postpartum psychosis (PP) is an umbrella term for the impairing and isolating psychotic-mood symptoms experienced by a small proportion of women (1 to 2 women every 1000 deliveries) shortly after childbirth. […] However, with prompt medical intervention and enduring psychiatric and psychosocial support, the acute symptoms and long-term consequences associated with PP can generally be managed effectively. […] Pharmacotherapies can be given prophylactically in pregnant women who are at high risk of developing PP. […] Identifying and characterizing the biological features that underlie PP risk through increased collaborative endeavors and novel experimental approaches is important for 3 main reasons: […] It will enable the development and testing of predictive biomarkers. Then, individuals at particularly high risk of PP, or those at risk of transitioning to a bipolar disorder spectrum condition, can be identified and prioritized for early intervention to minimize the likelihood of long-term harm to affected individuals and their children.

• #52 An Update on the Presentation, Nosology, and Causes of Postpartum Psychosis

  https://www.contemporarypediatrics.com/view/update-on-presentation-nosology-causes-postpartum-psychosis

  In the future, testing clinical samples that are larger and better defined should allow us to more robustly identify sleep-related, cognitive, neuroimaging, and peripheral biological measures (eg, immune system-related molecules) that distinguish women who develop PP both from healthy controls and from at-risk women who do not develop PP.

• #53 Sleep and Postpartum Psychosis: A Narrative Review of the Existing Literature

  https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/24/7550

  This narrative review has presented the most relevant literature up to date investigating the associations between sleep and PP and other relevant risk factors. […] Although some of the existing research has found that insomnia, sleep loss and sleep disturbance postnatally increase the risk of experiencing PP, especially in those with a history of BD, the current evidence is not well-powered enough to make this conclusion. […] Consequently, the association between sleep and PP still remains unanswered, and thus further (and better designed) research is needed to provide a clearer answer for the role of sleep in risk for PP. […] Understanding the role of sleep will enable better detection, early intervention and treatment for women at higher risk of experiencing PP.

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