Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Anterior vaginal prolapse (cystocele) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cystocele/symptoms-causes/syc-20369452

  A dropped or prolapsed bladder (cystocele) occurs when the bladder bulges into the vaginal space. It results when the muscles and tissues that support the bladder give way. […] Anterior vaginal prolapse, also known as a cystocele (SIS-toe-seel) or a prolapsed bladder, is when the bladder drops from its usual position in the pelvis and pushes on the wall of the vagina. […] In mild cases of anterior prolapse, you may not notice any signs or symptoms. When signs and symptoms occur, they may include: A feeling of fullness or pressure in your pelvis and vagina, In some cases, a bulge of tissue in your vagina that you can see or feel, Increased pelvic pressure when you strain, cough, bear down or lift, Problems urinating, including difficulty starting a urine stream, the feeling that you haven’t completely emptied your bladder after urinating, feeling a frequent need to urinate or leaking urine (urinary incontinence). […] Signs and symptoms often are especially noticeable after standing for long periods of time and may go away when you lie down.

• #1

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/pelvic-organ-prolapse/

  Pelvic organ prolapse symptoms include: […] a feeling of heaviness around your lower tummy and genitals […] a dragging discomfort inside your vagina […] feeling like there’s something coming down into your vagina it may feel like sitting on a small ball […] feeling or seeing a bulge or lump in or coming out of your vagina […] discomfort or numbness during sex […] problems peeing such as feeling like your bladder is not emptying fully, needing to go to the toilet more often, or leaking a small amount of pee when you cough, sneeze or exercise (stress incontinence). […] Sometimes pelvic organ prolapse has no symptoms and is found during an internal examination carried out for another reason, such as cervical screening.

• #1 Advanced Gynecology – Cystocele

  https://www.advancedgynecology.com/urogynecology-conditions/cystocele

  Treatment for anterior prolapse depends on the grade of the cystocele. There are three grades of cystocele: Grade 1: The mildest grade of cystocele, characterized by the bladder dropping only a little into the vagina. Grade 2: More moderate grade characterized by the bladder having dropped far enough into the vagina to reach the vaginal opening. Grade 3: Most advanced of all the stages, characterized by the bladder bulging out through the opening of the vagina. For a mild or moderate anterior prolapse (grade 1 or 2), nonsurgical treatment is often sufficient. In more severe cases (grade 3), surgery may be necessary to keep the vagina and other pelvic organs in their proper positions.

• #1 Anterior vaginal prolapse (cystocele) | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/anterior-vaginal-prolapse-cystocele

  In mild cases of anterior prolapse, you may not notice any signs or symptoms. When signs and symptoms occur, they may include: […] A feeling of fullness or pressure in your pelvis and vagina. […] In some cases, a bulge of tissue in your vagina that you can see or feel. […] Increased pelvic pressure when you strain, cough, bear down or lift. […] Problems urinating, including difficulty starting a urine stream, the feeling that you haven’t completely emptied your bladder after urinating, feeling a frequent need to urinate or leaking urine (urinary incontinence). […] Signs and symptoms often are especially noticeable after standing for long periods of time and may go away when you lie down.

• #1 Cystocele (Prolapsed Bladder): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15468-cystocele-fallen-bladder

  A cystocele occurs when the ligaments and muscles that hold up your bladder stretch or weaken. You may see or feel tissue bulge through your vaginal opening or have difficulty peeing or inserting menstrual products. Sexual intercourse may also be painful. […] Cystocele symptoms may include: Feeling or seeing something bulging through your vaginal opening. A feeling of fullness, heaviness or pain in your pelvic area. This feeling may get worse when you’re standing, lifting heavy objects, coughing or as the day goes on. Going to the bathroom more than usual. Difficulty fully emptying your bladder when you pee. Frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs). Difficulty inserting period products, including tampons and menstrual cups. […] A mild cystocele may only cause discomfort or cause you to leak pee accidentally (urinary incontinence). A severe cystocele prevents you from being able to pee. This can cause an infection or kidney damage.

• #1 Cystocele (Prolapsed Bladder): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15468-cystocele-fallen-bladder

  Cystoceles are common. Medical experts estimate that about 50% of women have some grade of cystocele. […] A cystocele can push on your urethra and prevent your bladder from completely emptying when you pee (urinary retention). It can also twist your ureters. Your ureters are two tubes that move pee from your kidneys to your bladder. A buildup of pee in your kidneys can cause kidney damage. […] Cystoceles aren’t life-threatening, but they can negatively affect your quality of life. A cystocele can get worse without treatment. In the worst cases, you may not be able to pee, which can cause an infection or damage your kidneys.

• #1 Cystocele – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cystocele

  Complications may include urinary retention, recurring urinary tract infections and incontinence. […] Cystoceles may affect the quality of life; women who have cystoceles tend to avoid leaving their homes and avoid social situations. […] The resulting incontinence puts women at risk of being placed in a nursing home or long-term care facility.

• #1 Pelvic Organ Prolapse | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2017/0801/p179.html

  Pelvic organ prolapse is defined by herniation of the anterior vaginal wall, posterior vaginal wall, uterus, or vaginal apex into the vagina; descent may occur in one or more structures. Prolapse of pelvic structures can cause a sensation of pelvic pressure or bulging through the vaginal opening and may be associated with urinary incontinence, voiding dysfunction, fecal incontinence, incomplete defecation, and sexual dysfunction. […] Most patients with pelvic organ prolapse are asymptomatic. Seeing or feeling a bulge that protrudes to or past the vaginal opening is the most specific symptom. […] Pelvic organ prolapse is dynamic, and symptoms and examination findings may vary day to day, or within a day depending on the level of activity and the fullness of the bladder and rectum. […] Elevated body mass index is a risk factor for pelvic organ prolapse. In one study, women who were obese were more likely to have progression of prolapse by 1 cm or more in one year (odds ratio = 2.9).

• #1 Cystocele (Prolapsed Bladder) – MD Searchlight

  https://mdsearchlight.com/womens-health/cystocele-prolapsed-bladder/

  Urinary symptoms: These could include urinary incontinence, especially during physical activity, as well as frequent or urgent need to urinate associated with an overactive bladder. […] Sexual dysfunction: This problem could have physical, psychological, or partner-related roots. Prolapse can lead to pain during intercourse, urinary incontinence during sexual activity, obstruction, and dryness. […] A cystocele isn’t a life-threatening problem by itself. However, it can get worse if not properly treated, leading to a whole host of symptoms and health issues. […] If the bladder drops beyond the vaginal opening, ulcers can form on the vaginal tissue, making it bleed and become more susceptible to infection. […] Complications from cystocele, or a fallen bladder, depend on the type of treatment the patient gets. If a woman does not follow her prescribed treatment, or decides not to get treated, the condition could worsen and cause the vagina to protrude completely (a condition called procidentia).

• #1 Pelvic Organ Prolapse | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2017/0801/p179.html

  Prolapse often coexists with other pelvic floor disorders. Of those with prolapse, 40% have stress urinary incontinence, 37% have overactive bladder, and 50% have fecal incontinence. […] Prolapse symptoms may not correlate with the location or severity of the prolapsed compartment. […] The need for additional evaluation depends on patient symptoms, stage of prolapse, and the proposed treatment plan. Up to one-half of women who undergo prolapse surgery may experience de novo stress urinary incontinence caused by urethral unkinking. […] Women with pelvic organ prolapse may elect for observation, pelvic floor muscle training, pessary use, or surgery. The primary goal of any treatment is to improve symptoms and, for conservative management, to minimize prolapse progression. […] Most cases of pelvic organ prolapse do not require treatment; however, women with prolapse beyond the vaginal opening typically desire some intervention.

• #1 Bladder prolapse (cystocele) | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/bladder-prolapse

  The most common causes of bladder prolapse are pregnancy and childbirth. […] Your risk of bladder prolapse may be higher: after menopause, if you have constipation and strain on the toilet, if you have a chronic (ongoing) cough, if you are overweight, with repeated heavy lifting, if you have a family history of pelvic organ prolapse. […] See your doctor if: you have symptoms of bladder prolapse that are bothering you, lifestyle changes and pelvic floor exercises are not helping your symptoms, you have problems, such as a chronic cough or constipation, that are making your prolapse worse. […] There are different treatment options available for bladder prolapse. The treatment your doctor recommends will usually depend on how severe your prolapse is and how much it is affecting you. […] If your symptoms aren’t affecting your quality of life, you may choose not to have treatment. If your symptoms are mild, they may improve with self-care measures and pelvic floor exercises. Surgery and other treatments are also available. […] If you have a bladder prolapse, you might also have a rectal prolapse or a prolapsed uterus. This is where your rectum or uterus bulges into your vaginal wall. You may have problems with bladder or bowel control.

• #1 Cystocele – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/urologic-diseases/cystocele

  Many women with cystoceles have no symptoms. The more advanced a cystocele is, the more likely it is you will experience symptoms. Symptoms of a cystocele may include a vaginal bulge or the feeling that something is falling out of the vagina, pressure in the vagina or pelvis. […] These symptoms may get worse when you strain, lift heavy items, cough, or stand for a long time, and symptoms may get better when you lie down. Other symptoms may include urine leakage, called urinary incontinence, difficulty starting the flow of urine, called hesitancy, a slow urine stream, feeling the need to urinate after finishing urination, frequent or urgent urination.

• #1 Anterior vaginal prolapse (cystocele) | Health Library | Memorial Health System

  https://www.mhsystem.org/health-library/con-20369433/

  Anterior vaginal prolapse, also known as a cystocele (SIS-toe-seel) or a prolapsed bladder, is when the bladder drops from its usual position in the pelvis and pushes on the wall of the vagina. […] In mild cases of anterior prolapse, you may not notice any signs or symptoms. When signs and symptoms occur, they may include: A feeling of fullness or pressure in your pelvis and vagina, In some cases, a bulge of tissue in your vagina that you can see or feel, Increased pelvic pressure when you strain, cough, bear down or lift, Problems urinating, including difficulty starting a urine stream, the feeling that you haven’t completely emptied your bladder after urinating, feeling a frequent need to urinate or leaking urine (urinary incontinence). […] Signs and symptoms often are especially noticeable after standing for long periods of time and may go away when you lie down.

• #1 Cystocele – Alaska Urology

  https://www.alaskaurology.com/womens-health/cystocele/

  A severely prolapsed bladder can be uncomfortable. It can make emptying your bladder difficult and may lead to bladder infections. Make an appointment with your doctor if you have any signs or symptoms that bother you. […] If you have noticeable, uncomfortable symptoms, anterior prolapse may require surgery.

• #1 Pelvic organ prolapse | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/sexual-and-reproductive/pelvic-organ-prolapse/

  Some women with a pelvic organ prolapse dont have any symptoms at all. […] Other women will experience symptoms. Its normal for your symptoms to feel more or less severe at different times of the day. […] You think you might have a prolapse or you have symptoms of a prolapse such as: a feeling of a bulge or something coming down the vagina, a feeling of a bulge or something coming out the vagina, which sometimes needs pushed back up (you may be able to see this with a mirror), discomfort during sex, problems peeing a slow stream, a feeling of not emptying your bladder fully, needing to go to the toilet a lot or leaking. […] A number system of 1 to 4 is usually used to describe how severe a pelvic organ prolapse is. For example, a 4 means a severe prolapse. […] Treatment will depend on how much the issue is affecting your normal day to day activities. […] In mild cases of prolapse, your doctor may recommend lifestyle changes. For example, regular pelvic floor exercises and maintaining a healthy weight. […] Depending on your circumstances and how severe your symptoms are, your doctor may discuss with you whether a surgery might be helpful.

• #1 Anterior and Posterior Vaginal Wall Prolapse – Gynecology and Obstetrics – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/pelvic-organ-prolapse-pop/anterior-and-posterior-vaginal-wall-prolapse

  Anterior vaginal wall prolapse can be accompanied by stress urinary incontinence if there is insufficient support of the urethra. Urinary retention may occur if prolapse causes a bladder angle that results in urethral obstruction. […] Symptoms include pelvic or vaginal fullness, pressure, and a sensation of organs falling out. Organs may bulge into the vaginal canal or through the vaginal opening (introitus), particularly during straining or coughing. […] Cystocele is diagnosed by inserting a single-blade speculum in the vagina and retracting the posterior vaginal wall. Asking patients to strain makes cystoceles visible or palpable as soft reducible masses bulging into the anterior vaginal wall. […] First-line conservative treatment options include pelvic floor physical therapy (for less severe pelvic organ prolapse) and pessaries, with surgical options available based on patient preference and clinical pelvic organ prolapse severity.

• #1 Pelvic Organ Prolapse: Types, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24046-pelvic-organ-prolapse

  Your treatment plan will depend on how severe the prolapse is, where it is and how much your symptoms affect you. There are surgical and nonsurgical treatment options. For example, you may not need treatment if the prolapse is mild and not bothering you. Your provider can discuss all possible treatment methods with you and help you decide what may work best for your situation. […] Yes, with treatment, it can go away. With mild POP, you can strengthen your muscles so that they hold the organs in their correct locations. Reconstructive surgeries strengthen the weaknesses in your pelvic walls so that your organs return to their original locations.

• #1 Pelvic Organ Prolapse – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK563229/

  Pelvic organ prolapse may negatively affect sexual activity, body image, and quality of life. […] The majority of patients who present with pelvic organ prolapse do not report symptoms. […] Although bothersome, pelvic organ prolapse has a non-life-threatening prognosis. Most patients are asymptomatic to start. Those that have bulge symptoms have a high rate of regression with pessaries and non-invasive treatments.

• #1 Cystocele Repair | Melbourne Bladder Clinic

  https://bladderclinic.com.au/procedures/female-pelvic-medicine/cystocele-repair

  Women may describe a dragging sensation or pressure in the vagina. Some can feel a lump protruding out of the vagina. Large lumps can rub against the underwear and ulcerate. Some describe painful intercourse. Voiding symptoms such as difficulty emptying the bladder may be described. This can sometimes cause recurrent bladder infections. There may be associated urinary incontinence with physical exertion (female stress urinary incontinence). […] Very rarely, a prolapse may be large enough to block the ureters (tubes that drain the kidneys to the bladder), causing kidney damage. […] Specific risks: […] Unmasking stress urinary incontinence (1% to 5%). […] Painful intercourse (uncommon). Most women experience improvement in sexual function after prolapse repair.

• #1 Pelvic organ prolapse | RCOG

  https://www.rcog.org.uk/for-the-public/browse-our-patient-information/pelvic-organ-prolapse/

  Anterior vaginal wall prolapse: when the bladder and/or urethra bulges into the front wall of the vagina. This is also called a cystocele or cystourethrocele. […] You may feel a bulge or a dragging sensation in the vagina. You may also have backache, heaviness or discomfort inside your vagina. These symptoms are often worse if you have been standing for a long time and may improve on lying down. […] You may need to pass urine more frequently and urgently. Also, you may have difficulty in passing urine or a sensation that your bladder is not emptying properly. […] You may leak urine when coughing, laughing; lifting heavy objects or you may have frequent bladder infections (cystitis). […] Approximately 25-30 in 100 women having surgery for prolapse will develop another prolapse in the future. There is a higher chance of the prolapse returning if you are overweight, constipated, have a long-standing cough or undertake heavy physical activities. Prolapse may occur in another part of the vagina and you may need further treatment.

• #1 Cystocele (Prolapsed Bladder) – MD Searchlight

  https://mdsearchlight.com/womens-health/cystocele-prolapsed-bladder/

  The majority of complications come from surgery. Recurring prolapse, or falling again, is the most common, leading to the need for additional surgery. Nearly 40% of women need another surgery after an anterior colporrhaphy procedure to repair the front wall of the vagina because of recurring symptoms.

• #2 Anterior vaginal prolapse (cystocele) | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/anterior-vaginal-prolapse-cystocele/

  A prolapsed bladder (cystocele) occurs when the bladder bulges into the vaginal space. It results when the muscles and tissues that support the bladder give way. […] Anterior vaginal prolapse, also known as a cystocele, is when the bladder drops from its usual position in the pelvis and pushes on the wall of the vagina. […] In mild cases of anterior prolapse, you may not notice any signs or symptoms. When signs and symptoms occur, they may include: A feeling of fullness or pressure in your pelvis and vagina, a bulge of tissue in your vagina that you can see or feel, increased pelvic pressure when you strain, cough, bear down or lift, problems urinating, including difficulty starting a urine stream, the feeling that you haven’t completely emptied your bladder after urinating, feeling a frequent need to urinate or leaking urine.

• #2 Pelvic organ prolapse | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/sexual-and-reproductive/pelvic-organ-prolapse/

  Some women with a pelvic organ prolapse dont have any symptoms at all. […] Other women will experience symptoms. Its normal for your symptoms to feel more or less severe at different times of the day. […] You think you might have a prolapse or you have symptoms of a prolapse such as: a feeling of a bulge or something coming down the vagina, a feeling of a bulge or something coming out the vagina, which sometimes needs pushed back up (you may be able to see this with a mirror), discomfort during sex, problems peeing a slow stream, a feeling of not emptying your bladder fully, needing to go to the toilet a lot or leaking. […] A number system of 1 to 4 is usually used to describe how severe a pelvic organ prolapse is. For example, a 4 means a severe prolapse. […] Treatment will depend on how much the issue is affecting your normal day to day activities. […] In mild cases of prolapse, your doctor may recommend lifestyle changes. For example, regular pelvic floor exercises and maintaining a healthy weight. […] Depending on your circumstances and how severe your symptoms are, your doctor may discuss with you whether a surgery might be helpful.

• #2 Anterior vaginal prolapse (cystocele) | Health Library | Memorial Health System

  https://www.mhsystem.org/health-library/con-20369433/

  Anterior vaginal prolapse, also known as a cystocele (SIS-toe-seel) or a prolapsed bladder, is when the bladder drops from its usual position in the pelvis and pushes on the wall of the vagina. […] In mild cases of anterior prolapse, you may not notice any signs or symptoms. When signs and symptoms occur, they may include: A feeling of fullness or pressure in your pelvis and vagina, In some cases, a bulge of tissue in your vagina that you can see or feel, Increased pelvic pressure when you strain, cough, bear down or lift, Problems urinating, including difficulty starting a urine stream, the feeling that you haven’t completely emptied your bladder after urinating, feeling a frequent need to urinate or leaking urine (urinary incontinence). […] Signs and symptoms often are especially noticeable after standing for long periods of time and may go away when you lie down.

• #2 Cystocele (Prolapsed Bladder): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15468-cystocele-fallen-bladder

  A cystocele occurs when the ligaments and muscles that hold up your bladder stretch or weaken. You may see or feel tissue bulge through your vaginal opening or have difficulty peeing or inserting menstrual products. Sexual intercourse may also be painful. […] Cystocele symptoms may include: Feeling or seeing something bulging through your vaginal opening. A feeling of fullness, heaviness or pain in your pelvic area. This feeling may get worse when you’re standing, lifting heavy objects, coughing or as the day goes on. Going to the bathroom more than usual. Difficulty fully emptying your bladder when you pee. Frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs). Difficulty inserting period products, including tampons and menstrual cups. […] A mild cystocele may only cause discomfort or cause you to leak pee accidentally (urinary incontinence). A severe cystocele prevents you from being able to pee. This can cause an infection or kidney damage.

• #2 Cystocele – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cystocele

  Some may have no symptoms. […] Others may have trouble starting urination, urinary incontinence, or frequent urination. […] Complications may include recurrent urinary tract infections and urinary retention. […] The condition becomes more common with age. […] About a third of women over the age of 50 are affected to some degree. […] The symptoms of a cystocele may include: a vaginal bulge, the feeling that something is falling out of the vagina, the sensation of pelvic heaviness or fullness, difficulty starting a urine stream, a feeling of incomplete urination, frequent or urgent urination, fecal incontinence, frequent urinary tract infections, back and pelvic pain, fatigue, painful sexual intercourse, bleeding. […] A bladder that has dropped from its normal position and into the vagina can cause some forms of incontinence and incomplete emptying of the bladder.

• #2 Vaginal Prolapse: Symptoms, Treatment, Causes, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/womens-health/vaginal-prolapse

  Anterior vaginal prolapse (cystocele) happens when the bladder falls down into the vagina. […] If you do have symptoms, your symptoms will depend on the organ that is prolapsed. […] Symptoms can include: a feeling of fullness in the vagina, a lump at the opening of the vagina, a sensation of heaviness or pressure in the pelvis, a feeling like you’re sitting on a ball, achy pain in your lower back that gets better when you lie down, a need to urinate more often than usual, trouble having a complete bowel movement or emptying your bladder, frequent bladder infections, abnormal bleeding from the vagina, leaking of urine when you cough, sneeze, laugh, have sex, or exercise, pain during sex. […] Vaginal prolapse is treatable. Milder cases can improve with noninvasive treatments like Kegel exercises and weight loss. For more severe cases, surgery can be effective. However, vaginal prolapse can sometimes come back after surgery.

• #2 Cystocele: Symptoms, outlook, and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/cystocele

  A cystocele may cause urinary symptoms, including incontinence, and may lead to health complications such as recurrent urinary tract infections, which could lead to kidney damage. […] Many people with cystocele do not experience symptoms. However, the further the condition progresses, the more likely it is to cause symptoms. […] According to the National Library of Medicine, symptoms can include: a feeling of pressure or as if something is bulging from the vagina, urinary incontinence, frequent urination, an urgent need to urinate, trouble urinating, sexual dysfunction due to obstruction, vaginal dryness, and pain or incontinence during intercourse, rarely, constipation and incomplete emptying of the bowel, during advanced stages, vaginal pain, bleeding, and discharge. […] A cystocele is a progressive condition, which means it worsens over time. Without treatment or lifestyle changes, a cystocele is unlikely to heal or improve on its own.

• #2 Cystocele Repair: Overview, Technique, Periprocedural Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1848220-overview

  A cystocele associated with bladder outlet obstruction is also an indication for surgical correction. […] The risk factors for developing POP include age, parity, obesity, chronic constipation, hormonal status, previous gynecologic surgery and hysterectomy, chronic obstructive airway disease, smoking, high-impact activity, and genetics.

• #2 Anterior vaginal prolapse (cystocele) | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/anterior-vaginal-prolapse-cystocele/

  Signs and symptoms often are especially noticeable after standing for long periods of time and may go away when you lie down. […] A prolapsed bladder can be uncomfortable, but it is rarely painful. It can make emptying your bladder difficult, which may lead to bladder infections. […] If you still have noticeable, uncomfortable symptoms despite the treatment options above, you may need surgery to fix the prolapse.

• #2 Pelvic Organ Prolapse – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK563229/

  Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a gynecological condition in which the pelvic organs herniate into the vagina due to ligament or muscular weakness. […] Cystocele characterizes anterior wall herniation, rectocele refers to the posterior vaginal wall descent, and vaginal vault prolapse characterizes the descent of the uterus, cervix, or apex of the vagina. […] Most patients who present with prolapse are asymptomatic. However, symptoms become more bothersome as the bulge protrudes past the vaginal opening. […] Patients that do present with symptoms, however, often describe a sense or feeling of a bulge protruding through the vaginal opening. […] Patients with POP have a high rate of coexisting pelvic floor disorders. 40% present with urinary incontinence, 37% present with overactive bladder, and 50% present with fecal incontinence.

• #2 Bladder Prolapse (Cystocele) – Midwest Center for Pelvic Health

  https://www.midwestpelvis.com/bladder-prolapse-cystocele/

  The diagnosis of cystocele is made with the help of a pelvic exam by a trained physician or other medical provider. […] Common patient goals include: Improved sexual function […] Ability to exercise or enjoy specific activities […] Sitting comfortably […] Decreased urinary symptoms (like urinary incontinence) […] Improved function of pelvic organs (bladder bowels). […] Because bladder prolapse is not dangerous. […] This is because a bulge in the anterior wall of the vagina is often accompanied by movement of the top (apex) of the vagina as well. […] If this part of the vagina is not moved to its normal position at the same time, the chances that symptoms will return after surgery are greatly increased. […] Because, in most cases, cystocele is not harmful or dangerous in most cases, treatments are targeted towards relief of patients symptoms and the specific goals of the patient given her anatomy. […] Treatments may include: Expectant management […] Training of pelvic floor muscles […] Pessaries […] Surgery.

• #2 Anterior vaginal prolapse (cystocele) | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/anterior-vaginal-prolapse-cystocele

  In mild cases of anterior prolapse, you may not notice any signs or symptoms. When signs and symptoms occur, they may include: […] A feeling of fullness or pressure in your pelvis and vagina. […] In some cases, a bulge of tissue in your vagina that you can see or feel. […] Increased pelvic pressure when you strain, cough, bear down or lift. […] Problems urinating, including difficulty starting a urine stream, the feeling that you haven’t completely emptied your bladder after urinating, feeling a frequent need to urinate or leaking urine (urinary incontinence). […] Signs and symptoms often are especially noticeable after standing for long periods of time and may go away when you lie down.

• #2 Anterior vaginal prolapse (cystocele) – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cystocele/symptoms-causes/syc-20369452

  A dropped or prolapsed bladder (cystocele) occurs when the bladder bulges into the vaginal space. It results when the muscles and tissues that support the bladder give way. […] Anterior vaginal prolapse, also known as a cystocele (SIS-toe-seel) or a prolapsed bladder, is when the bladder drops from its usual position in the pelvis and pushes on the wall of the vagina. […] In mild cases of anterior prolapse, you may not notice any signs or symptoms. When signs and symptoms occur, they may include: A feeling of fullness or pressure in your pelvis and vagina, In some cases, a bulge of tissue in your vagina that you can see or feel, Increased pelvic pressure when you strain, cough, bear down or lift, Problems urinating, including difficulty starting a urine stream, the feeling that you haven’t completely emptied your bladder after urinating, feeling a frequent need to urinate or leaking urine (urinary incontinence). […] Signs and symptoms often are especially noticeable after standing for long periods of time and may go away when you lie down.

• #2 Anterior vaginal prolapse (cystocele) | Altru Health System

  https://www.altru.org/health-library/conditions/anterior-vaginal-prolapse-cystocele

  Anterior vaginal prolapse, also known as a cystocele (SIS-toe-seel) or a prolapsed bladder, is when the bladder drops from its usual position in the pelvis and pushes on the wall of the vagina. […] In mild cases of anterior prolapse, you may not notice any signs or symptoms. When signs and symptoms occur, they may include: A feeling of fullness or pressure in your pelvis and vagina, In some cases, a bulge of tissue in your vagina that you can see or feel, Increased pelvic pressure when you strain, cough, bear down or lift, Problems urinating, including difficulty starting a urine stream, the feeling that you haven’t completely emptied your bladder after urinating, feeling a frequent need to urinate or leaking urine (urinary incontinence). […] Signs and symptoms often are especially noticeable after standing for long periods of time and may go away when you lie down. […] If you still have noticeable, uncomfortable symptoms despite the treatment options above, you may need surgery to fix the prolapse.

• #2

  https://nirmalsuperspecialityhospital.com/Blog-Details/-Understanding-Anterior-Vaginal-Prolapse–Cystocele—Causes–Symptoms–and-Treatment-Options

  Understanding Anterior Vaginal Prolapse (Cystocele): Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options […] Anterior vaginal prolapse, or cystocele, occurs when the wall between the bladder and the vagina weakens or stretches, leading to the descent of the bladder into the vaginal space. This condition is a type of pelvic organ prolapse, where the pelvic organs, including the bladder, uterus, or rectum, may drop from their normal position, causing discomfort and other complications. […] Recognizing the symptoms of anterior vaginal prolapse is crucial for seeking timely medical intervention. Common symptoms include: A bulge or pressure sensation: Women with cystocele often report a feeling of fullness, pressure, or a bulge in the vaginal area. Discomfort or pain: Some women may experience discomfort or pain during sexual intercourse. Urinary symptoms: Cystocele can lead to urinary issues like increased frequency, urgency, or difficulty emptying the bladder completely. Backache or pelvic pain: Pain in the lower back or pelvis may be associated with anterior vaginal prolapse.

• #2 Bladder prolapse (cystocele) | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/bladder-prolapse

  The most common causes of bladder prolapse are pregnancy and childbirth. […] Your risk of bladder prolapse may be higher: after menopause, if you have constipation and strain on the toilet, if you have a chronic (ongoing) cough, if you are overweight, with repeated heavy lifting, if you have a family history of pelvic organ prolapse. […] See your doctor if: you have symptoms of bladder prolapse that are bothering you, lifestyle changes and pelvic floor exercises are not helping your symptoms, you have problems, such as a chronic cough or constipation, that are making your prolapse worse. […] There are different treatment options available for bladder prolapse. The treatment your doctor recommends will usually depend on how severe your prolapse is and how much it is affecting you. […] If your symptoms aren’t affecting your quality of life, you may choose not to have treatment. If your symptoms are mild, they may improve with self-care measures and pelvic floor exercises. Surgery and other treatments are also available. […] If you have a bladder prolapse, you might also have a rectal prolapse or a prolapsed uterus. This is where your rectum or uterus bulges into your vaginal wall. You may have problems with bladder or bowel control.

• #2 Mayo Clinic Health Library – Anterior vaginal prolapse (cystocele) | Swiss Medical Network

  https://www.swissmedical.net/en/healtcare-library/con-20369433

  A prolapsed bladder can be uncomfortable, but it is rarely painful. It can make emptying your bladder difficult, which may lead to bladder infections. […] Treatment depends on whether you have symptoms, how severe your anterior prolapse is and whether you have any related conditions, such as urinary incontinence or more than one type of pelvic organ prolapse. […] If you do have symptoms of anterior prolapse, first line treatment options include: Pelvic floor muscle exercises. […] Kegel exercises may be most successful at relieving symptoms when the exercises are taught by a physical therapist and reinforced with biofeedback. […] If you still have noticeable, uncomfortable symptoms despite the treatment options above, you may need surgery to fix the prolapse. […] If you’re pregnant or thinking about becoming pregnant, you might need to delay surgery until after you’re done having children. Pelvic floor exercises or a pessary may help relieve your symptoms in the meantime.

• #2 Anterior and Posterior Vaginal Wall Prolapse – Gynecology and Obstetrics – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/pelvic-organ-prolapse-pop/anterior-and-posterior-vaginal-wall-prolapse

  Anterior vaginal wall prolapse can be accompanied by stress urinary incontinence if there is insufficient support of the urethra. Urinary retention may occur if prolapse causes a bladder angle that results in urethral obstruction. […] Symptoms include pelvic or vaginal fullness, pressure, and a sensation of organs falling out. Organs may bulge into the vaginal canal or through the vaginal opening (introitus), particularly during straining or coughing. […] Cystocele is diagnosed by inserting a single-blade speculum in the vagina and retracting the posterior vaginal wall. Asking patients to strain makes cystoceles visible or palpable as soft reducible masses bulging into the anterior vaginal wall. […] First-line conservative treatment options include pelvic floor physical therapy (for less severe pelvic organ prolapse) and pessaries, with surgical options available based on patient preference and clinical pelvic organ prolapse severity.

• #2 Advanced Gynecology – Cystocele

  https://www.advancedgynecology.com/urogynecology-conditions/cystocele

  Treatment for anterior prolapse depends on the grade of the cystocele. There are three grades of cystocele: Grade 1: The mildest grade of cystocele, characterized by the bladder dropping only a little into the vagina. Grade 2: More moderate grade characterized by the bladder having dropped far enough into the vagina to reach the vaginal opening. Grade 3: Most advanced of all the stages, characterized by the bladder bulging out through the opening of the vagina. For a mild or moderate anterior prolapse (grade 1 or 2), nonsurgical treatment is often sufficient. In more severe cases (grade 3), surgery may be necessary to keep the vagina and other pelvic organs in their proper positions.

• #2 Cystocele Repair: Overview, Technique, Periprocedural Care

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1848220-overview

  Pelvic organ prolapse (POP), including cystocele, is a major health concern, especially in the elderly. […] A patient with cystocele may be asymptomatic, especially in the early stages. Symptomatic patients may experience fullness or pressure in the pelvis or vagina, a „ball” or „lump” protruding from the vagina, lower back pain or pressure, problems with bladder emptying or bowel movements, dyspareunia, or vaginal bleeding. […] Urinary symptoms associated with cystocele include urinary frequency and urgency (35%), urge urinary incontinence (15%), stress urinary incontinence (60%), and difficulty voiding (23%). […] In patients with advanced POP, diagnosis of occult stress urinary incontinence is critical. […] Prolapse repair is indicated for relief of patient symptoms, restoration of the normal anatomy and function of the pelvic structures, prevention of prolapse recurrence, and repair of concomitant intrapelvic defects.

• #2 Cystocele: What are the Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Recovery Time? – Mendwell Pelvic Health

  https://www.mendwellhealth.com/all-conditions/cystocele

  When you have a cystocele, daily activities might become more challenging than usual. Many people describe a sensation of vaginal heaviness or pressure, especially after long periods of standing or physical activity. […] You might notice changes in your bladder habits, such as difficulty starting urination or feeling like you can’t completely empty your bladder. Some people also experience: […] Persistent vaginal pressure that may worsen throughout the day and improve when lying down, affecting your comfort during work or social activities […] Urinary changes including frequent infections, increased urgency, or difficulty initiating flow, which can impact your daily routine and sleep patterns […] Physical intimacy concerns due to discomfort or the presence of a noticeable bulge, potentially affecting your relationships and self-confidence

• #2 5 Things I Wish All Women Knew About Pelvic Organ Prolapse | ACOG

  https://www.acog.org/womens-health/experts-and-stories/the-latest/5-things-i-wish-all-women-knew-about-pelvic-organ-prolapse

  Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) doesn’t get talked about much. […] When a pelvic organ drops, it may bulge into another organ. In some cases, the organ may bulge out of the vagina. Women may accidentally leak urine or bowel contents (stool), or their vagina may make noises during exercise or sex. These symptoms and others can be isolating. Some women don’t seek treatment until they start having serious problems with bladder, bowel, or sexual function. […] There are many symptoms of POP, which usually develop over time. […] More often, POP starts with symptoms such as leaking urine or not being able to empty the bladder completely. You may have back pressure or pain. Sex may hurt. You may have a feeling of laxity (looseness) within the vagina, or you may have more difficulty reaching orgasm. […] POP can worsen or lead to constipation. If a woman’s rectum has bulged into her vagina, she may have other bowel problems. For example, she may need to insert her fingers into her vagina and push against the walls of the vagina to move stool out through the anus.

• #2 Cystocele Repair | Melbourne Bladder Clinic

  https://bladderclinic.com.au/procedures/female-pelvic-medicine/cystocele-repair

  Women may describe a dragging sensation or pressure in the vagina. Some can feel a lump protruding out of the vagina. Large lumps can rub against the underwear and ulcerate. Some describe painful intercourse. Voiding symptoms such as difficulty emptying the bladder may be described. This can sometimes cause recurrent bladder infections. There may be associated urinary incontinence with physical exertion (female stress urinary incontinence). […] Very rarely, a prolapse may be large enough to block the ureters (tubes that drain the kidneys to the bladder), causing kidney damage. […] Specific risks: […] Unmasking stress urinary incontinence (1% to 5%). […] Painful intercourse (uncommon). Most women experience improvement in sexual function after prolapse repair.

• #2 Cystocele: Symptoms, outlook, and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/cystocele

  A cystocele is not a life-threatening condition. However, it is progressive, and may lead to severe symptoms and complications without treatment. […] Urinary symptoms of cystocele may contribute to urinary tract infections and kidney damage over time. A person may also develop ulcers in the mucosal tissues of the vagina, and have a higher risk of bleeding and infection. […] The condition does not always cause symptoms. However, a cystocele is progressive and may cause symptoms and complications over time. These can include urinary problems, sexual dysfunction, and kidney damage.

• #2 Anterior vaginal prolapse (cystocele) – Hancock Health

  https://www.hancockhealth.org/zh/mayo-health-library/anterior-vaginal-prolapse-cystocele/

  If you do have symptoms of anterior prolapse, first line treatment options include: Pelvic floor muscle exercises. These exercises often called Kegel exercises or Kegels help strengthen your pelvic floor muscles, so they can better support your bladder and other pelvic organs. […] Kegel exercises may be most successful at relieving symptoms when the exercises are taught by a physical therapist and reinforced with biofeedback. […] If you still have noticeable, uncomfortable symptoms despite the treatment options above, you may need surgery to fix the prolapse.

• #2 Cystocele (Prolapsed Bladder) – MD Searchlight

  https://mdsearchlight.com/womens-health/cystocele-prolapsed-bladder/

  The majority of complications come from surgery. Recurring prolapse, or falling again, is the most common, leading to the need for additional surgery. Nearly 40% of women need another surgery after an anterior colporrhaphy procedure to repair the front wall of the vagina because of recurring symptoms.

• #2

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=tw12334

  Cystocele (bladder prolapse) occurs when the bladder moves from its normal position and presses against the front wall of the vagina. This is also called anterior vaginal wall prolapse. […] A cystocele usually does not cause serious health problems. But it can be painful or uncomfortable. You may find relief by making lifestyle changes and doing exercises to make the pelvic muscles stronger. Or your doctor may suggest a pessary to help with symptoms. Surgery may also be an option.

• #3 Anterior vaginal prolapse (cystocele) | Altru Health System

  https://www.altru.org/health-library/conditions/anterior-vaginal-prolapse-cystocele

  Anterior vaginal prolapse, also known as a cystocele (SIS-toe-seel) or a prolapsed bladder, is when the bladder drops from its usual position in the pelvis and pushes on the wall of the vagina. […] In mild cases of anterior prolapse, you may not notice any signs or symptoms. When signs and symptoms occur, they may include: A feeling of fullness or pressure in your pelvis and vagina, In some cases, a bulge of tissue in your vagina that you can see or feel, Increased pelvic pressure when you strain, cough, bear down or lift, Problems urinating, including difficulty starting a urine stream, the feeling that you haven’t completely emptied your bladder after urinating, feeling a frequent need to urinate or leaking urine (urinary incontinence). […] Signs and symptoms often are especially noticeable after standing for long periods of time and may go away when you lie down. […] If you still have noticeable, uncomfortable symptoms despite the treatment options above, you may need surgery to fix the prolapse.

• #3 Mayo Clinic Health Library – Anterior vaginal prolapse (cystocele) | Swiss Medical Network

  https://www.swissmedical.net/en/healtcare-library/con-20369433

  Anterior vaginal prolapse, also known as a cystocele (SIS-toe-seel) or a prolapsed bladder, is when the bladder drops from its usual position in the pelvis and pushes on the wall of the vagina. […] In mild cases of anterior prolapse, you may not notice any signs or symptoms. When signs and symptoms occur, they may include: A feeling of fullness or pressure in your pelvis and vagina, In some cases, a bulge of tissue in your vagina that you can see or feel, Increased pelvic pressure when you strain, cough, bear down or lift, Problems urinating, including difficulty starting a urine stream, the feeling that you haven’t completely emptied your bladder after urinating, feeling a frequent need to urinate or leaking urine (urinary incontinence). […] Signs and symptoms often are especially noticeable after standing for long periods of time and may go away when you lie down.

• #3 Prolapse procedures

  https://info.health.nz/conditions-treatments/medical-tests-procedures/prolapse-procedures

  An anterior wall prolapse happens when the bladder drops and pushes against the front of the vagina, creating a bulge. This is also called a cystocele. […] Symptoms of an anterior wall prolapse include feeling of heaviness or pressure in the vagina, bulge extending beyond the vaginal opening, difficulty emptying the bladder or a weak stream of wee, and needing to wee often.

• #3 Cystocele Repair | Melbourne Bladder Clinic

  https://bladderclinic.com.au/procedures/female-pelvic-medicine/cystocele-repair

  Women may describe a dragging sensation or pressure in the vagina. Some can feel a lump protruding out of the vagina. Large lumps can rub against the underwear and ulcerate. Some describe painful intercourse. Voiding symptoms such as difficulty emptying the bladder may be described. This can sometimes cause recurrent bladder infections. There may be associated urinary incontinence with physical exertion (female stress urinary incontinence). […] Very rarely, a prolapse may be large enough to block the ureters (tubes that drain the kidneys to the bladder), causing kidney damage. […] Specific risks: […] Unmasking stress urinary incontinence (1% to 5%). […] Painful intercourse (uncommon). Most women experience improvement in sexual function after prolapse repair.

• #3 Bladder prolapse (cystocele) | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/bladder-prolapse

  The most common causes of bladder prolapse are pregnancy and childbirth. […] Your risk of bladder prolapse may be higher: after menopause, if you have constipation and strain on the toilet, if you have a chronic (ongoing) cough, if you are overweight, with repeated heavy lifting, if you have a family history of pelvic organ prolapse. […] See your doctor if: you have symptoms of bladder prolapse that are bothering you, lifestyle changes and pelvic floor exercises are not helping your symptoms, you have problems, such as a chronic cough or constipation, that are making your prolapse worse. […] There are different treatment options available for bladder prolapse. The treatment your doctor recommends will usually depend on how severe your prolapse is and how much it is affecting you. […] If your symptoms aren’t affecting your quality of life, you may choose not to have treatment. If your symptoms are mild, they may improve with self-care measures and pelvic floor exercises. Surgery and other treatments are also available. […] If you have a bladder prolapse, you might also have a rectal prolapse or a prolapsed uterus. This is where your rectum or uterus bulges into your vaginal wall. You may have problems with bladder or bowel control.

• #3 Cystocele – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cystocele

  Complications may include urinary retention, recurring urinary tract infections and incontinence. […] Cystoceles may affect the quality of life; women who have cystoceles tend to avoid leaving their homes and avoid social situations. […] The resulting incontinence puts women at risk of being placed in a nursing home or long-term care facility.

• #3 Anterior Vaginal Prolapse (Cystocele) – Coyle Institute

  https://coyleinstitute.com/cystocele/

  When the wall between the bladder and the vagina weakens, the bladder may drop or sag into the vaginal wall. This disorder, which can happen to women of any age, is called a cystocele or anterior vaginal wall prolapse. […] A cystocele is essentially a bulge of the bladder into the vagina. […] If you experience the following symptoms, you may have a cystocele: Feeling of pelvic heaviness or fullness, Bulging in the vagina that you can feel, Aching or sensation of pressure in the lower abdomen or pelvis, Lower back pain, Frequent urinary tract infections, Urge to urinate often or urgently, Leakage of urine, Incomplete emptying of the bladder, Constipation, Needing to push organs back up into the vagina to empty the bladder or have a bowel movement, Pain during sex, Problems putting in tampons or vaginal applicators, Pelvic pressure that gets worse with standing, lifting or coughing as the day goes on.

• #3

  https://www.advocatehealth.com/health-services/womens-health-center/pelvic-health/bladder-prolapse

  Mild bladder prolapse is the most common type of pelvic organ prolapse. If you have a mild bladder prolapse you might not notice any symptoms. In severe cases, your bladder may bulge out of your vaginal opening, resulting in difficulty urinating. Having a prolapsed bladder may feel like fullness, heaviness or pain in your pelvic area. Common bladder prolapse symptoms include: […] These symptoms may worsen if you cough, lift heavy items or stand for long periods of time. Symptoms may improve or go away if you lie down.

• #3 Anterior vaginal prolapse (Cystocele) – Vejthani Hospital | JCI Accredited International Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand.

  https://www.vejthani.com/diseases-conditions/anterior-vaginal-prolapse-cystocele/

  A cystocele occurs when the bladder falls from its normal position into the pelvic and pressing against the vaginal wall. […] The patient might not experience or feel any symptoms or see any signs of cystocele. When they appear, signs and symptoms may include: Pelvic and vaginal pressure or fullness, Feeling a bulge in the vagina, Feeling of pelvic pressure during strain, cough, bear down or lift, Urinary incontinence, Constant need to urinate, Recurring urinary tract infection. […] These symptoms may get worse when the patient is standing for a long time, heavy lifting, and coughing. The symptom will be relief when the patient is lie down. Prolapsed bladder could cause inconvenience and if it is left untreated it could lead to bladder infection. If the patient experiences any symptoms or signs that disturbs or interfere with their daily activities, it is recommended to schedule a visit with a healthcare professional.

• #3 Cystocele (Anterior Prolapse) : Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

  https://anavara.com/treatment/cystocele-anterior-prolapse

  WHAT IS ANTERIOR PROLAPSE (CYSTOCELE)? Anterior prolapse, also called cystocele or a prolapsed bladder, is when the bladder drops from its normal position in the pelvis and pushes on the front wall of the vagina. […] A prolapsed bladder occurs when the muscles that aid the pelvic organs have been strained. This can happen over time, due to virginal childbirth, heavy lifting, or violent coughing, or during times of chronic constipation. Anterior prolapse (fallen bladder) is treatable. Oftentimes, nonsurgical treatment is effective for mild or moderate prolapse. However, in most severe cases, surgery may be recommended to keep the vaginal and other pelvic organs in their proper position. […] Mild cases of cystocele may not show signs or symptoms, but moderate to severe may. When signs and symptoms appear, they may include the following: A feeling of pressure on your pelvic and vagina, A feeling or sight of a bulge of tissue in your vagina, Difficulty in starting a urine stream, A frequent urge to urinate, Loss of bladder control (urinary incontinence), A feeling that you have not completely emptied your bladder, A severe discomfort when coughing, straining, bearing down, or lifting weights. […] These symptoms may be more noticeable when you are standing for a long time, but feel relief when lying down.

• #3 Bladder Prolapse (Cystocele): Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments | Every Mother

  https://every-mother.com/empower/bladder-prolapse-cystocele-symptoms-causes-and-treatments

  A bladder prolapse (also known as cystocele) happens when the front wall of the vagina increases in laxity, allowing the bladder to descend. […] The symptoms of bladder prolapse can vary depending on the degree of prolapse and individual factors. A mild case may not present many obvious symptoms but one of the first and most notable signs of prolapse is a feeling like theres a ball of tissue in the vagina. […] Below are some common symptoms associated with bladder prolapse, but are also common to other pelvic floor dysfunctions. It is essential to consult with a health professional to diagnose properly. […] There are several symptoms related to pain and discomfort including: Low back pain, A sense of a ball of tissue inside the vagina or the sensation that something is falling out of the vagina, Pain or discomfort in the pelvic area, Pain during sexual intercourse.

• #3 Pelvic floor repair (anterior and posterior) without the use of mesh – Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust

  https://www.buckshealthcare.nhs.uk/pifs/pelvic-floor-repair-anterior-and-posterior-without-the-use-of-mesh/

  Damage to your bladder is a rare complication but requires that the damage is repaired, and this can result in a delay in recovery. […] A bladder injury will need a catheter to drain the bladder for 7 to 14 days following surgery but usually there are no long-term problems. […] The healing usually takes about 6 weeks and after this time it is safe to have intercourse. Some women find sex is uncomfortable at first, but it gets better with time. […] Occasionally pain on intercourse can be long-term or permanent.

• #3 Mayo Clinic Health Library – Anterior vaginal prolapse (cystocele) | Swiss Medical Network

  https://www.swissmedical.net/en/healtcare-library/con-20369433

  A prolapsed bladder can be uncomfortable, but it is rarely painful. It can make emptying your bladder difficult, which may lead to bladder infections. […] Treatment depends on whether you have symptoms, how severe your anterior prolapse is and whether you have any related conditions, such as urinary incontinence or more than one type of pelvic organ prolapse. […] If you do have symptoms of anterior prolapse, first line treatment options include: Pelvic floor muscle exercises. […] Kegel exercises may be most successful at relieving symptoms when the exercises are taught by a physical therapist and reinforced with biofeedback. […] If you still have noticeable, uncomfortable symptoms despite the treatment options above, you may need surgery to fix the prolapse. […] If you’re pregnant or thinking about becoming pregnant, you might need to delay surgery until after you’re done having children. Pelvic floor exercises or a pessary may help relieve your symptoms in the meantime.

• #3 Anterior vaginal wall repair: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003982.htm

  Symptoms of anterior vaginal wall prolapse include: […] You may not be able to empty your bladder completely. […] Your bladder may feel full all the time. […] You may feel pressure in your vagina. […] You may be able to feel or see a bulging at the opening of the vagina. […] You may have pain when you have sex. […] You may leak urine when you cough, sneeze, or lift something. […] You may get bladder infections. […] This surgery by itself does not treat stress incontinence. […] This procedure is used to repair sinking or bulging of the anterior vaginal wall. […] This surgery will very often repair the prolapse and the symptoms will go away. This improvement will often last for years.

• #4 Bladder Prolapse (Cystocele) | CommonSpirit Health

  https://www.commonspirit.org/conditions-treatments/bladder-prolapse-cystocele

  A cystocele is a type of pelvic organ prolapse. It occurs when the bladder moves from its normal position and presses against the front wall of the vagina. This is also called anterior vaginal wall prolapse. A cystocele can happen when the muscles and tissues that hold your bladder in place get weak or damaged. […] Sometimes a cystocele doesn’t cause symptoms. But when symptoms appear, they may include: Feeling pressure and discomfort from your bladder pressing against the vaginal wall. This is the most common symptom. Leaking urine (incontinence), especially during coughing, laughing, or jumping. Having problems emptying your bladder. This may lead to a bladder infection (cystitis). Feeling like something is falling out of your vagina. Having pain during intercourse. […] Symptoms are worse when you stand, jump, or lift. They usually are relieved if you lie down.

• #4 Cystocele Repair | Melbourne Bladder Clinic

  https://bladderclinic.com.au/procedures/female-pelvic-medicine/cystocele-repair

  Women may describe a dragging sensation or pressure in the vagina. Some can feel a lump protruding out of the vagina. Large lumps can rub against the underwear and ulcerate. Some describe painful intercourse. Voiding symptoms such as difficulty emptying the bladder may be described. This can sometimes cause recurrent bladder infections. There may be associated urinary incontinence with physical exertion (female stress urinary incontinence). […] Very rarely, a prolapse may be large enough to block the ureters (tubes that drain the kidneys to the bladder), causing kidney damage. […] Specific risks: […] Unmasking stress urinary incontinence (1% to 5%). […] Painful intercourse (uncommon). Most women experience improvement in sexual function after prolapse repair.

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