Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Paralysis: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Management & Types

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15345-paralysis

  Paralysis occurs when you’re unable to make voluntary muscle movements. A nervous system problem causes paralysis. Nerves send signals to your muscles. Those signals make your muscles move. When you’re paralyzed, or have paralysis, you can’t move certain parts of your body. […] Some people experience temporary paralysis and regain partial or full movement over time. For example, Bells palsy typically temporarily paralyzes your facial muscles. […] Permanent paralysis means you never regain muscle control. The condition is irreversible (can’t be reversed). […] If you have paralysis, you’re partly or entirely unable to move the affected parts of your body. Paralysis may be accompanied by a loss of sensation depending on the location of the injury. […] Strokes and spinal cord injuries cause sudden paralysis.

• #2 Paralysis: Types, symptoms, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/paralysis

  Paralysis refers to temporary or permanent loss of voluntary muscle movement in a body part or region. […] Paralysis is the loss of voluntary muscle function in one or more parts of the body as a result of damage to the nervous system. […] Paralysis occurs when nerve signals are interrupted as a result of damage to the nerves, spinal cord, or brain. […] The degree of muscle function loss determines the severity of paralysis. […] Partial paralysis, or paresis, causes significant muscle weakness and impaired movement. However, people with paresis retain a small degree of control over the affected muscles. […] Complete paralysis occurs when a person cannot move the affected body part. […] Some medical conditions, such as sleep paralysis, stroke, and Bells palsy, can cause temporary paralysis. Over time, people can regain partial or complete control over the affected muscles.

• #3 Limb Paralysis Overview: Symptoms, Diagnosis, & Treatments | IFAR

  https://www.advancedreconstruction.com/lower-extremity/limb-paralysis

  Limb paralysis is the loss of the ability to move some or all of the body. Paralysis is a nervous system condition that occurs when your nerves can no longer send signals to your muscles, preventing you from making voluntary muscle movements. Paralysis can be temporary or permanent and may affect any part of the body. It can be partial, also known as paresis, which means you can control some muscles, or it can be complete, meaning you have no control over any muscles. […] Limb paralysis symptoms vary depending on the type, location, and severity. The most common symptom is the loss of muscle function in the affected limb. Individuals may also experience: Numbness or pain, Muscle weakness, Visible muscle loss, Stiffness, Involuntary Spasms or twitches. […] Diagnosing limb paralysis can be straightforward, as loss of movement or function will be evident. Additional tests may be performed to determine the type of paralysis, including imaging tests such as X-Rays, CT scans, and MRIs.

• #4 Paralysis

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/paralysis/

  Paralysis is when you are not able to move some or all your body. It can be temporary or permanent depending on what causes it. […] You may have paralysis if: you cannot move some or all of your face or body; your face or body is weak or floppy; your face or body is numb, painful or tingles all the time; your face or body is stiff with muscle spasms and twitches. This can start suddenly or gradually, or come and go. […] Paralysis can be a symptom of many different conditions that affect the muscles and nerves. […] Sometimes paralysis can be temporary, like having sleep paralysis, or long-term, like muscular dystrophy. […] Treatment for paralysis will depend on what’s causing it. Temporary paralysis may go away on its own without medical treatment.

• #5 Paralysis: Types, symptoms, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/paralysis

  Meanwhile, severe head or neck injuries and neuromuscular disorders can lead to permanent paralysis. […] Localized paralysis affects a small area of the body, such as the face, hands, or feet. […] Generalized paralysis affects a larger area, including multiple parts of the body. […] Damage to the spinal cord is the most common cause of paraplegia. […] Flaccid paralysis damages the lower motor neurons that stimulate skeletal muscle movement. Over time, the muscles shrink or deteriorate. […] Spastic paralysis causes muscle stiffness, involuntary spasms, and muscle weakness. This form of paralysis can result from spinal cord injuries, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), stroke, or hereditary spastic paraplegia. […] Symptoms vary, depending on the type and cause of the issue. The most common paralysis symptom is the loss of muscle function in one or more parts of the body.

• #6 Limb Paralysis Overview: Symptoms, Diagnosis, & Treatments | IFAR

  https://www.advancedreconstruction.com/lower-extremity/limb-paralysis

  Paralysis can be broken down into two types based on the way your nervous system interacts with your muscles. Flaccid Paralysis is a lack of movement that causes the affected muscles to shrink and become flabby. Spastic Paralysis is uncontrollable movements, such as tightened muscles and uncontrolled jerks and spasms. […] Nerve surgeries are typically done under general anesthesia and can take an hour or longer to complete, depending on the type and severity of your condition. In some cases, you may be required to stay overnight. Your doctor may clear you to return to normal activities within a few weeks. However, nerves take time to heal and grow at a rate of approximately one inch per month. It can take anywhere from six months to one year (or longer) for the nerves to heal. In the meantime, your surgeon may recommend physical therapy to help your joints and muscles regain function.

• #7 Spinal cord injury – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/spinal-cord-injury/symptoms-causes/syc-20377890

  Paralysis of the lower half of the body is called paraplegia. Paralysis below the neck, including both arms and legs, is called quadriplegia. […] Loss of feeling and control of movement is known as paralysis. Paralysis from a spinal cord injury can be referred to as: Tetraplegia, also known as quadriplegia. This means that your arms, hands, trunk, legs and pelvic organs are all affected by your spinal cord injury. Paraplegia. This paralysis affects all or part of the trunk, legs and pelvic organs but not the arms. […] Spinal cord injuries can cause the following symptoms: Loss of movement. Loss of or a change in sensation. This includes a change in the ability to feel heat, cold and touch. Loss of bowel or bladder control. Exaggerated reflex activities or spasms. Changes in sexual function, sexual sensitivity and fertility. Pain or an intense stinging sensation caused by damage to the nerve fibers in the spinal cord. Trouble breathing, coughing or clearing secretions from the lungs.

• #8 Paralysis: Symptoms, Complications, and Treatment

  https://www.practo.com/health-wiki/paralysis-symptoms-complications-and-treatment/251/article

  Paralysis can begin all of a sudden or gradually. […] The prime symptom of paralysis is the incapacity to move a part of your body, or failure to move the entire body. […] Paralysis can have an effect on any given part of the body, such as: Face, Hands, When only one leg or arm is affected, it is called monoplegia, When one side of the body is affected it is called hemiplegia, If both the legs get affected, it is called paraplegia, If both arms and legs are affected, it is known as quadriplegia or tetraplegia. […] The part of the body which is affected can be: Stiff (this is spastic paralysis), with sporadic muscle spasms, Floppy ( this is flaccid paralysis), Numb, sore or prickly. […] In majority of cases, people get paralysis due to any kind of accident or medical condition which affects functioning of the muscles and nerves. So, if there is any kind of injury to the spinal cord or a stroke, paralysis occurs.

• #9 Paralysis | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/paralysis

  Paralysis is the loss of the ability to move some or all of the body. Depending on the cause, it may be temporary or permanent. The main symptom of paralysis is the inability to move part of your body, or not being able to move at all. It can begin suddenly or gradually. Sometimes it comes and goes. Paralysis can affect any part of the body, including: the face, the hands, one arm or leg (monoplegia), one side of the body (hemiplegia), both legs (paraplegia), both arms and legs (tetraplegia or quadriplegia). The affected part of your body may also be: stiff (spastic paralysis), with occasional muscle spasms; floppy (flaccid paralysis); numb, painful or tingly. […] See your GP if you have paralysis or weakness that: started gradually, is getting slowly worse, comes and goes. Your GP can do some tests to see what the cause might be. They may refer you to a hospital specialist for more tests if they’re unsure what’s causing your symptoms.

• #10 Paralysis | Causes, Symptoms & Treatment | Britannica

  https://www.britannica.com/science/paralysis

  paralysis, loss or impairment of voluntary muscular movement caused by structural abnormalities of nervous or muscular tissue or by metabolic disturbances in neuromuscular function. Paralysis can affect the legs and lower part of the body (paraplegia) or both arms and both legs (quadriplegia). Sometimes the muscles of the lower face, arm, and leg on only one side of the body are involved (hemiplegia). […] The most common cause of hemiplegia is damage to the corticospinal tracts and associated motor tracts in one hemisphere of the brain from obstruction (blood clot or thrombosis) or rupture (cerebral hemorrhage) of a major cerebral artery. Brain tumour is another but less common cause of hemiplegia and increases in severity gradually over a period of weeks or months. […] One of the most common causes of progressive spastic paraplegia in persons past middle age is spinal degenerative arthritis, in which an intervertebral disk protrudes into the lower cervical portion of the spinal canal.

• #11 Paralysis Explained: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Options

  https://www.physiotattva.com/blog/understanding-paralysis-types-causes-and-treatments

  A person who is paralyzed may lose the ability to move a portion of their body or the entire body, typically caused by damage to the nervous system. Paralysis leads to a lack of voluntary muscle control, affecting mobility, sensation, and daily activities. […] Hemiplegia is a type of Paralysis that affects one entire side of the body, commonly caused by stroke or brain injury. It results in the loss of muscle control and sensation on the affected side, impacting mobility and daily activities. […] Persons with paraplegia experience loss of motor function and sensation in the lower half of the body, typically due to spinal cord injuries. This condition results in the inability to move or control the legs and lower trunk. […] Quadriplegia, or tetraplegia, stems from traumatic spinal cord injuries, often due to accidents or falls, causing paralysis from the neck down. This severe condition impairs both motor and sensory functions in all four limbs and the torso.

• #12 Paraplegia: Definition, Causes, Symptoms, Types & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/23984-paraplegia

  Paraplegia usually causes paralysis of the legs. Muscles in the chest, belly and hands may also be affected. […] Paraplegia is a specific pattern of paralysis (which is when you cant deliberately control or move your muscles) that affects your legs. […] People with paraplegia have different symptoms depending on how high or low the injury is in their spine. Paraplegia generally affects your legs, but may also affect your abdominal muscles, making it difficult to cough. It can also affect your chest muscles, making it difficult to take deep breaths. […] The effects of paraplegia generally are as follows: […] Injury between spinal nerves T1 and T6: This causes complete paraplegia. Hips and legs are paralyzed and have no feeling at all, as are the abdominal muscles. This also causes loss of bladder and bowel control. Injury at this level can cause problems with coughing and deep breathing.

• #13 Paralysis Symptoms – HoustonBionics

  https://www.houstonbionics.com/blog/paralysis-symptoms

  Paralysis is experienced as a loss of muscle function in some or all of the body. […] The lack of clarity on the extent of spread and the degree of seriousness means the disease can be temporary or permanent. […] Paralysis can occur on one side or both sides of the body. Most paralysis occurs due to a cardiac/brain stroke or a spinal injury, as the spinal cord is the stem of all neural connections. […] Diagnosis of permanent paralysis is often seen as a life-term illness. The disease is often irreversible. […] Symptoms of paralysis include: Stiffness and muscle spasms: caused by spastic paralysis, Unnatural floppiness in the body: a side-effect of flaccid paralysis, Numbness or pain in certain parts of the body: showing the malfunction of the nervous system in that area. […] Paralysis is described by the causation of muscular degeneration, flaccid paralysis when the muscles shrink and become flabby. And spastic paralysis is when the muscles tighten and cause involuntary jerks and spasms due to nerves not having the necessary control.

• #14 What is a Partial Paralysis? How does a Partial Paralysis Occur?

  https://engincakar.com/en/what-is-a-partial-paralysis-how-does-a-partial-paralysis-occur/

  Hemiplegia or hemiparesis situation may develop in a half of the body after stroke. […] Paralysis occurs when the brain area which should give the necessary command to move the muscles is injured. […] Partial paralysis (hemiparesis) is seen approximately 80% of the persons who had a stroke, and this makes partial paralysis one of the most common effects of stroke. Generally, partial paralysis affects one side of the body unequally. The disorder seen in partial paralysis is in a continuity with the symptoms varying from mild to severe. In these persons, muscle weakness, sensory disorder, visual problems, balance disorder happen and fall risk increases. […] The patients with partial paralysis generally recover in 3-6 months with a planned and programmed physical therapy which is abundant of repetitions.

• #15 Paralysis: Types, symptoms, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/paralysis

  Muscle weakness and paralysis result from damage to the nervous system, which any of the health problems above can cause. […] Damage to any part of the nervous system can have severe effects on a persons overall health and quality of life. […] Currently, no cure for paralysis exists. However, depending on the cause and type of the issue, some people experience partial or complete recovery. […] Temporary paralysis, such as that caused by Bells palsy or stroke, may resolve on its own without medical treatment. […] Although rehabilitation does not cure paralysis completely, it can help prevent symptoms from worsening. […] Many people with paralysis do not regain full mobility or sensation in the affected area. However, physical therapy, mobility devices, and social and emotional support can help improve the quality of life.

• #16 Paralysis: Symptoms, Types, Causes, Prevention and Treatment

  https://www.acko.com/health-insurance/diseases/paralysis/

  Permanent paralysis means you can’t move specific muscles of your body again. This happens when the nervous system is badly damaged, like in serious spinal cord injuries. It makes daily life harder. People with permanent paralysis need care forever. Treatment and support can help them live better lives. […] The symptoms of paralysis vary depending on its type and severity. While mild symptoms may be subtle, severe ones can significantly impact a persons daily life. Paralysis can occur suddenly, affecting both children and adults. Understanding these symptoms is crucial for early recognition and timely medical intervention. […] Attacks that produce Paralysis can occur for a number of reasons. Patients may develop symptoms later as a result of traumas or accidents, as well as congenital disabilities. However, one of the leading causes of Paralysis is thought to be a stroke.

• #17 What is Paralysis: Causes, Symptoms, Types and Therapy | Max Hospital

  https://www.maxhealthcare.in/blogs/paralysis-symptoms-causes-and-types

  Paralysis, a condition marked by the loss of muscle function in a part or most of the body, presents a profound challenge for those affected and their loved ones. […] Paralysis is the loss of muscle function in part or all of the body, preventing movement and sometimes affecting sensation. This condition can be temporary or permanent and can affect any part of the body. […] Paralysis can be caused by a number of factors. […] Paralysis can manifest through a variety of symptoms, which can vary in severity depending on the underlying cause and the area of the body affected. Common symptoms include: […] These symptoms can occur suddenly or develop gradually, depending on the underlying cause of paralysis. Recognizing these signs early is crucial for seeking timely medical intervention and appropriate treatment.

• #18 Paralysis – Types of Paralysis & Their Causes

  https://www.webmd.com/brain/paralysis-types

  Paralysis Symptoms […] If you have paralysis, you are partly or completely unable to move the affected parts of your body. You might also lose some or all the feeling in those parts. This happens suddenly with strokes and spinal cord injuries. […] But in some cases, symptoms can develop more gradually. You might experience: […] A steady loss of feeling […] Trouble moving parts of your face or body […] Weakness or floppiness […] Muscle cramps […] Numbness or tingling […] Stiffness […] You should call 911 if you or someone else has sudden signs of paralysis after an injury to the head, neck, or back, or shows the following symptoms: […] Trouble speaking, breathing, or swallowing […] Loss of feeling or movement on one side of the face or one arm […] Tingling and a loss of feeling anywhere in the face or body

• #19 Paralysis: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Management & Types

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15345-paralysis

  Some medical conditions can cause gradual paralysis. You may experience the following paralysis symptoms: A steady loss of feeling and muscle control. Muscle cramps. Tingling or numbness in your limbs. […] A problem with your nervous system causes paralysis. Your nervous system is your body’s command and communication system. It sends signals from your brain throughout your body, telling it what to do. If something damages your nervous system, messages can’t get through to your muscles. […] Most often, a traumatic injury or medical condition damages muscle and nerve function. Strokes and spinal cord injuries are the most common causes of paralysis. […] Paralysis can affect your breathing muscles and heart rate. The condition can also involve other body systems in the affected area. […] There isn’t a cure for permanent paralysis. Temporary paralysis like Bells palsy often goes away over time without treatment. In some cases, there may be some improvement, particularly during the first year.

• #20 Paralysis Symptoms: What You Need to Know | Dr Himanshu Gupta

  https://www.drhimanshugupta.com/blogs/paralysis-symptoms

  Paralysis is a medical condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is a condition that can have a profound impact on a person’s quality of life, making it difficult for them to move their limbs or perform daily activities. Paralysis can occur due to a variety of reasons, including spinal cord injuries, brain injuries, and stroke. In this article, we will explore the different paralysis symptoms and what you need to know to identify them. […] There are several symptoms of paralysis that can vary depending on the severity and cause of the condition. Here are the most common paralysis symptoms: […] Loss of sensation: The person may experience a loss of feeling in their limbs, making it difficult to sense touch or pain. […] Weakness: The affected limb may feel weak or heavy, making it difficult to move or carry objects. […] Inability to move: The person may be unable to move the affected limb at all. […] Muscle spasms: Some people may experience muscle spasms or involuntary movements in the affected limb. […] Breathing difficulties: If the paralysis affects the muscles used for breathing, it can result in difficulty breathing or shortness of breath. […] Bowel or bladder problems: Paralysis can also cause problems with bowel or bladder function, including incontinence or difficulty passing urine.

• #21 Signs and Symptoms of Paralysis | Brain & Spinal Cord Injuries

  https://brainandspinalcord.org/signs-and-symptoms-of-paralysis/

  Because paralysis causes immobility, it has a rather significant effect on the other systems in the body. […] These include: Changes to circulation and respiration, Changes to the kidneys and gastrointestinal system, Changes to muscles, joints, and bones, Spasticity of the limbs, Muscle spasms, Pressure sores, Edema, Blood clots in the lower limbs, Feelings of numbness or pain, Skin injury, Bacterial infection, Disruption of the normal working of the tissues, glands, and organs, Constipation, Loss of control of urination, Sexual difficulties, Abnormal sweating, Abnormal breathing or heart rate, Balance problems, Difficulty thinking, Behavioral issues, Difficulty speaking or swallowing, Vision problems.

• #22 Spinal cord injury – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/spinal-cord-injury/symptoms-causes/syc-20377890

  Emergency symptoms of a spinal cord injury after an accident include: Extreme back pain or pressure in the neck, head or back. Weakness, incoordination or loss of control in any part of the body. Numbness, tingling or loss of feeling in the hands, fingers, feet or toes. Loss of bladder or bowel control. Trouble with balance and walking. Trouble breathing after injury. A twisted neck or back. […] Whether the cause is traumatic or nontraumatic, spinal cord damage affects the nerve fibers passing through the injured area. This can impair part of or all the muscles and nerves below the injury site. An injury to the chest or lower back can affect the trunk, legs, bowel, bladder and sexual function. A neck injury affects the same areas plus movements of the arms and possibly the ability to breathe.

• #23 Paralysis | Goshen Health

  https://goshenhealth.com/services-conditions/paralysis

  When you move your body, sensory nerves in the body communicate with the central nervous system. When something prevents this communication, your ability to move is affected and can result in weakness, loss of muscle coordination or paralysis. Paralysis is sometimes a gradual process, but it can also happen suddenly. […] Sudden paralysis is a medical emergency, as many of its causes are serious. Go to your nearest emergency room or call 911. This quick onset symptom is treatable, even reversible, with prompt treatment. […] You may experience other symptoms with paralysis, including: Vision changes, Confusion, Difficulty speaking or understanding speech, Drooping face, Numbness, Memory loss, Unconsciousness, Headache, Trouble balancing or walking. […] Sudden paralysis causes may include: Trauma, including spinal cord injury, Stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA), Brain hemorrhage (bleeding), Infections, including tetanus and West Nile virus, Guillain-Barr syndrome, which is a rare autoimmune disorder possibly triggered by an infection, Toxins such as venom or poison. […] If the cause isnt obvious, such as trauma, you may need additional testing. This may include blood tests, imaging exams, in-depth neurological exams and electrophysiologic testing, which measures your nerve and muscle function.

• #24 Paralysis | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/paralysis

  Call 999 for an ambulance if you or someone else has paralysis or weakness that: begins suddenly, begins after a serious injury, such as a fall or car crash, causes problems with speech, breathing or swallowing. These problems could be a sign of something serious that needs to be treated in hospital straight away. […] Some of the main causes of paralysis are: sudden weakness on one side of the face, with arm weakness or slurred speech a stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA or „mini-stroke”); sudden weakness on one side of the face, with earache or face pain Bell’s palsy; temporary paralysis when waking up or falling asleep sleep paralysis; paralysis after a serious accident or injury a severe head injury or spinal cord (back) injury; weakness in the face, arms or legs that comes and goes multiple sclerosis or, less commonly, myasthenia gravis or hypokalaemia periodic paralysis.

• #25 Spinal cord injury – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/spinal-cord-injury/symptoms-causes/syc-20377890

  A spinal cord injury can lead to many complications. Your rehabilitation team helps you develop tools to address these complications. The team also recommends equipment and resources to promote your quality of life and independence. Areas often affected include: Bladder control. The bladder continues to store urine from the kidneys after a spinal cord injury. But the injury may interfere with the brain receiving the messages it needs to control the bladder. Changes in bladder control increase the risk of urinary tract infections. The changes also may cause kidney infections and kidney or bladder stones. […] Respiratory system. If the injury affects the stomach and chest muscles, it may be hard to breathe and cough. The neurological level of injury determines what kind of breathing problems you may have. If the injury affects your neck and chest, you might have an increased risk of pneumonia or other lung conditions. Medicines and therapy can be helpful for treatment and prevention.

• #26 Paralysis: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/paralysis-5224673

  Paralysis describes complete or partial weakness of the body or part of the body. It can occur suddenly or gradually as a result of conditions that affect the brain, spinal cord, or nerves. […] If you or someone else experiences paralysis, its important to get medical attention right awayit could be caused by a health emergency, such as a stroke or damage to the spine. […] Paralysis feels like you cant move part of your body the way you want to, no matter how hard you try. It is an alarming symptom thats hard to ignore. Paralysis may involve an arm or a leg, or it may involve the hand, foot, or face. […] Paralysis is not usually associated with pain, jerking, or tremors. After weeks or months, painful spasticityabnormal muscle tightnesscan develop in the paralyzed limb. […] Paralysis can be a symptom of different conditions that affect the brain, nerves, and spinal cord. It is a serious symptom that can affect one or more areas of the body. The pattern of paralysis often corresponds to the cause. Generally, diagnostic testing is necessary. Treatment can often reduce long-term weakness, and rehabilitation is usually necessary. […] Paralysis can sometimes improve on its own, but it usually does not. In fact, paralysis can often worsen if the cause is not adequately treated.

• #27 Paralysis: Symptoms, Types, Causes, Prevention and Treatment

  https://www.acko.com/health-insurance/diseases/paralysis/

  Depending on the degree of disability, patients with paralysis are confused about changing positions frequently and, therefore, are prone to pressure sores while seated or in a reclined position for long periods. You need to treat these sores immediately. If you delay the treatment for any reason, it may lead to more infections. […] As a result of the injury, some individuals develop paralysis, which affects the movement of the bowels and bladder. Some of the things that individuals with paralysis can require include catheters or other types of equipment for the management of urination and bowel movements. […] Paralyzed individuals have long-term pain and even muscle contractions that they cannot control. It can be eased somewhat using analgesics, muscle relaxants, and other therapies, but the relief only lasts for a short while.

• #28 Signs and Symptoms of Paralysis | Brain & Spinal Cord Injuries

  https://brainandspinalcord.org/signs-and-symptoms-of-paralysis/

  The signs and symptoms of paralysis will depend upon what caused the paralysis, as well as what parts of the body are affected. […] Loss of movement and feeling can be sudden and immediate, such as with trauma or stroke, or it can begin with muscle weakness and gradually progress, particularly when it is caused by certain diseases or illnesses. […] Depending upon the severity of the paralysis as well as its underlying causes, it can affect the arms, legs, arms and legs, or trunk. […] Paralysis can be present on the right side or the left side of the body, or it can be present unilaterally. […] Paralysis caused by damage to the nervous system can affect the nerves carrying sensory information, as well as the nerves which control the heart, lungs, glands, and intestines. […] When paralysis is caused by damage to the brain, speech, behavior, and cognitive ability can also be affected.

• #29 Paralysis – Causes, Symptoms and Types & Treatment | Apollo Hospitals

  https://www.apollohospitals.com/diseases-and-conditions/paralysis

  Paralysis is characterized by a loss of muscle strength and functioning in a part of the body. This is primarily due to a problem with the nerve connections between the brain and the affected body part. […] The primary symptom is the loss of muscle function in any or all parts of the body. Early symptoms involve numbness or a tingling sensation in a patients toes and fingers. […] Patients suffering from paralysis due to a birth defect, spinal cord injury or stroke would lose control over their muscles almost instantly. But patients who experience paralysis due to an underlying medical condition, would lose muscle function slowly over a period of time. […] There is no cure. At times, patients have reported complete recovery from paralysis over a period of time or after the underlying disease which was causing paralysis has been cured. Certain rehabilitative therapies have enabled some patients to regain their muscle function partially after paralysis. […] Its always important to remember that any type of paralysis is difficult to fully reverse, so its essential for everyone to be aware of any early signs of paralysis.

• #30 Guillain-Barre syndrome – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/guillain-barre-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20362793

  Guillain-Barre (gee-YAH-buh-RAY) syndrome is a condition in which the body’s immune system attacks the nerves. It can cause weakness, numbness or paralysis. […] As Guillain-Barre syndrome progresses, muscle weakness can turn into paralysis. […] In AIDP, the nerves’ protective covering, known as the myelin sheath, is damaged. The damage prevents nerves from transmitting signals to your brain, causing weakness, numbness or paralysis. […] Up to 22% of people with Guillain-Barre syndrome need temporary help from a machine to breathe within the first week when they’re hospitalized for treatment. […] When early symptoms are worse, the risk of serious long-term complications goes up. Rarely, death may occur from complications such as respiratory distress syndrome and heart attacks.

• #31 Guillain-Barré syndrome

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/guillain-barre-syndrome/

  Guillain-Barr syndrome affects your senses, your movement and things such as breathing and your heartbeat. […] Symptoms usually get worse over the first 2 to 4 weeks. […] Some peoples symptoms become so severe that they are not able to move their legs, arms and face (paralysis). […] You may be in hospital for several months while you have treatment and recover from Guillain-Barr syndrome. […] Some people continue to have longer-term problems such as: being unable to walk without help. […] Guillain-Barr syndrome can be life-threatening and cannot always be cured. The chance of dying is higher in older people or people who have had severe symptoms.

• #32 Paralysis in children – Children’s Health Neurology

  https://www.childrens.com/specialties-services/conditions/paralysis

  They can be: Acute – which means the symptoms began very suddenly; Subacute – if the paralysis started over a period of days; Chronic – if the paralysis is persistent over weeks, months or longer. […] Paralysis in children can have many kinds of causes, including: Traumatic injury, which is a sudden and severe injury, such as a car accident; Non-traumatic injury, which is usually due to an internal problem, such as a stroke, tumor, inflammation or toxic exposure; An infection, such as from a virus; A cause related to nutrition. […] Your child’s treatment plan will depend on what caused the paralysis. Once we learn the underlying cause, then we can develop a treatment plan. […] Most treatment includes: Limiting inflammation in the spinal cord, which can involve: High doses of steroids; Plasma exchange (PLEX) to clean the blood; Intravenous immune globulin (IVIG), which can remove antibodies from the blood. […] Long-term rehabilitation, which can help children regain muscle function and learn to do their daily tasks while experiencing paralysis.

• #33 Multiple Sclerosis And Paralysis | Reeve Foundation

  https://www.christopherreeve.org/todays-care/living-with-paralysis/health/causes-of-paralysis/multiple-sclerosis/

  Symptoms may be episodic and mild, such as numbness in a limb or a visual disturbance that resolves over time. Others can have more severe and lasting symptoms, including paralysis, incontinence, cognitive loss, or loss of vision. […] Episodes of progression of multiple sclerosis occurs in phases called exacerbations. These are occurrences when symptoms appear or worsen for a minimum of 24 hours. […] Primary Progressive MS is a classification of MS where the disease continually progresses without periods of remission. […] Secondary Progressive MS begins as relapsing remitting with symptoms on and off but evolves into primary progressive or continual symptom changes. […] Common onset symptoms of MS might include: Numbness or weakness in legs, arms or trunk, perhaps on just one side of the body.

• #34 Weakness and Paralysis: Types, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://www.ganeshdiagnostic.com/blog/weakness-and-paralysis-types-causes-symptoms-and-treatment

  Conditions such as multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Parkinson’s disease can cause progressive damage to the nervous system and lead to paralysis over time. […] Some autoimmune disorders, such as Guillain-Barre syndrome, can cause the body’s immune system to attack the nerves, resulting in paralysis. […] Tumours that grow in or near the nervous system can cause compression and damage to nerves, leading to paralysis. […] In more severe cases, weakness can progress to paralysis, which is the complete loss of muscle function in the affected area. […] Weakness and paralysis can be caused by a variety of factors, including: […] Stroke: A stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted, leading to damage in the affected area. […] Certain infections, such as polio, meningitis, and encephalitis, can cause inflammation and damage to the nervous system, leading to weakness and paralysis.

• #35 Diagnosing Facial Nerve Paralysis | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/facial-nerve-paralysis/diagnosis

  One of the most common causes is Bells palsy. This type of facial paralysis usually develops suddenly and affects only one side of the face. The cause may be swelling in the facial nerve, which temporarily restricts its blood supply. The nerve almost always recovers, and facial paralysis typically goes away on its own within a year. […] Sometimes, facial nerve paralysis develops slowly. Muscles on one side of the face gradually lose movement over a period of weeks or months. In this instance, the cause may be a growth on the seventh cranial nerve, such as a facial nerve schwannoma. This slow-growing, noncancerous tumor may press on the nerve and cause increasing paralysis in facial muscles. […] Rarely, a cancerous tumor located near the facial nerve or in the area of the brain that sends signals to facial muscles causes paralysis. In some circumstances, surgery to remove a growth may result in facial nerve paralysis. […] Less commonly, a neurological disorder or virus may cause complete paralysis by damaging nerve tissue on both sides of the face. Guillain-Barr syndrome, in which the bodys immune system attacks nerve tissue, is one example.

• #36 Paralysis | Causes, Symptoms & Treatment | Britannica

  https://www.britannica.com/science/paralysis

  Muscular dystrophy is a hereditary disease that results in paralysis through primary changes in muscle tissue. It is characterized by progressive, symmetrical muscular weakness and atrophy. Pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy is a rare variety of the disease that begins before puberty, is more common in males, and usually progresses to severe disability within a few years. The other types of dystrophy, in general, begin in adolescence or young adulthood, equally affect males and females, and progress more slowly. […] Myasthenia gravis is characterized by muscular weakness, without atrophy, which may be mild or severe and either generalized or restricted to a few muscle groups. Muscles innervated by cranial nerves usually are affected. Weakness results from a localized defect in the chemical processes involved in the transmission of impulses from motor nerve endings to muscle fibres.

• #37 Paralysis & Weakness – FND Hope International

  https://fndhope.org/fnd-guide/symptoms/paralysis-weakness/

  Paralysis is various forms of loss of mobility of the upper or lower limbs that are present without loss of reflex activity and in which no organic cause can be found. […] Weakness that does not produce changes in reflexes or other evidence of structural neurological disease. […] Functional weakness is weakness of an arm or leg due to the nervous system not working properly. People with functional weakness experience symptoms of limb weakness which can be disabling and frightening. […] However, unlike these conditions, with functional weakness there is no permanent damage to the nervous system which means that it can get better or even go away completely.

• #38 Periodic Paralysis | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/p/periodic-paralysis.html

  Periodic paralysis (PP) is a rare genetic disorder. It causes sudden attacks of short-term muscle weakness, stiffness, or paralysis. These attacks may affect the whole body or just one or two limbs. […] PP attacks can start in childhood or adulthood. They may happen after hard exercise or other triggers. Depending on the form of PP that you have, the symptoms may be mild or severe, and they may last for minutes or days. Sometimes, the disease may slowly get worse over time and cause permanent muscle damage. […] Your symptoms may depend somewhat on the form of PP you have. You may first notice symptoms in childhood or in adulthood. You may have attacks often or rarely. In some forms of PP, people tend to have less attacks as they get older. Generally, people with PP may have symptoms such as: Attacks of muscle weakness that may last for minutes to days, Muscle pain in muscles after exercise, Muscle cramping, Feeling tingles, Permanent weakness (more likely later in life).

• #39 Familial Periodic Paralysis – Children’s Health Issues – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/children-s-health-issues/muscular-dystrophies-and-related-disorders/familial-periodic-paralysis

  Muscles do not respond normally to stimulation if the blood potassium level is too low or high. […] Weakness is intermittent, affecting mainly the limbs, and is often brought on by exercising or eating too many or too few carbohydrates. […] Attacks of familial periodic paralysis occur in response to the amount of potassium in a person’s blood. […] During an attack of familial periodic paralysis, muscles do not respond to normal nerve impulses or even to artificial stimulation with an electronic instrument. […] In hypokalemic periodic paralysis, the paralysis is caused by low levels of potassium in the blood (hypokalemia). […] In hyperkalemic periodic paralysis, the paralysis is caused by high levels of potassium in the blood (hyperkalemia). […] In thyrotoxic periodic paralysis, the paralysis is caused by low levels of potassium in the blood, and people also have signs of an overactive thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism).

• #40 Todd’s Paralysis: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and More

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/todd-s-paralysis-4845670

  Todds paralysis is a temporary weakness or paralysis that can sometimes happen after a seizure. The numbers vary, but studies estimate that Todds paralysis occurs in up to 13% of people who have had a seizure. […] Todds paralysis can cause weakness, or an inability to move or feel parts of your body (paralysis). The affected parts might not be able to feel sensations normally. In some cases, vision and speech are affected. […] Todd’s paralysis typically affects one side of the body, though it can be a complete paralysis. The symptoms last between 30 minutes and 36 hours, with an average of 15 hours before it’s fully resolved. Rest is recommended while waiting for symptoms to improve. […] Typically, the symptoms of Todds paralysis begin in the postictal state (the recovery phase) right after a seizure. They might affect one side of the face and cause slurred speech. Less commonly, symptoms might occur in one leg or one arm alone. […] Todds paralysis is a temporary loss of motor function and feeling after a seizure, often in the same affected part of the body. Episodes are common in people who have had a prior stroke. They usually last between 30 minutes and 36 hours, and resolve without treatment.

• #41 Periodic Paralysis | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/p/periodic-paralysis.html

  The different forms of PP may cause the following: Hypokalemic PP often starts in the late childhood or teen years. The average is between 5 and 35 years of age. Attacks of skeletal muscle weakness may last from a couple of hours to a day. These tend to happen at night or in the morning. You may not be able to move at all during the most severe episodes. After about age 50, it may cause permanent weakness that slowly gets worse, especially in the hips and thighs. […] Hyperkalemic PP often starts by age 10. Attacks of skeletal muscle weakness last an average of 30 minutes to 4 hours. The attacks tend to be frequent but less severe than in other PP forms. As you get older, you may have fewer attacks, but you also may have permanent muscle damage that slowly gets worse. […] Thyrotoxic PP tends to start between 20 and 40 years of age. Attacks happen anywhere from a few times per year to a few times per week. Attacks can last from hours to days. With this form of PP, you may also have thyroid-related symptoms such as anxiety, sweating, weight loss, and an abnormal feeling of the heartbeat (palpitations). Some people with thyrotoxic PP don’t have symptoms of thyroid disease, especially early on.

• #42 Primary Periodic Paralysis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/brain/primary-periodic-paralysis

  Primary periodic paralysis (PPP) is a group of rare diseases that temporarily make muscles stiff, weak, or unable to move. These episodes can last from a few minutes to a few days, depending on the type of PPP you have. […] The main symptoms of PPP are the episodes when muscles get weak or cant move at all. Each attack can be different from the last one. Sometimes, symptoms show up in just one arm or leg. Other times, they affect the whole body. […] Each type of PPP can have its own pattern of symptoms. For example: […] The muscles usually go back to normal in between attacks. In some forms of the disease, muscles get damaged over time and the weakness eventually doesnt go away. […] As you get older and have more episodes, your muscles may get weaker over time. Some people need a wheelchair or a scooter to help them get around later in life. But most people with PPP can lead normal, active lives when they do their best to avoid triggers and take any medicine their doctors prescribe.

• #43 Hypokalemic periodic paralysis: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000312.htm

  Hypokalemic periodic paralysis (hypoPP) is a disorder that causes occasional episodes of muscle weakness and sometimes a lower than normal level of potassium in the blood. […] Symptoms include attacks of muscle weakness or loss of muscle movement (paralysis) that come and go. There is normal muscle strength between attacks. […] The weakness or paralysis: Most commonly occurs at the shoulders and hips […] An attack usually lasts for several hours up to a day. […] HypoPP responds well to treatment. Treatment may prevent, and even reverse, progressive muscle weakness. Although muscle strength starts out normal between attacks, repeated attacks may eventually cause worsening and permanent muscle weakness between attacks. […] Muscle weakness that worsens over time.

• #44 Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/hyperkalemic-periodic-paralysis

  Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (hyperPP) is a disorder that causes occasional episodes of muscle weakness and sometimes a higher than normal level of potassium in the blood. The medical name for high potassium level is hyperkalemia. […] Symptoms include attacks of muscle weakness or loss of muscle movement (paralysis) that come and go. There is normal muscle strength between attacks. […] Attacks usually begin in childhood. How often the attacks occur varies. Some people have several attacks a day. They are usually not severe enough to need therapy. […] The weakness or paralysis: Most commonly occurs at the shoulders, back, and hips […] Usually lasts 15 minutes to 1 hour, but may last up to an entire day. […] Sometimes, attacks disappear later in life on their own. But repeated attacks may lead to permanent muscle weakness. […] HyperPP responds well to treatment. Treatment may prevent, and may even reverse, progressive muscle weakness. […] Muscle weakness can become worse with repeated attacks, so treatment to prevent the attacks should occur as soon as possible.

• #45 Familial Periodic Paralysis – Children’s Health Issues – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/children-s-health-issues/muscular-dystrophies-and-related-disorders/familial-periodic-paralysis

  In Andersen-Tawil syndrome, potassium levels can be high, low, or normal. […] During an attack of weakness, the person remains completely awake and alert. […] Weakness may affect only certain muscles or all 4 limbs. […] In this form, attacks generally first appear before age 16 but may appear during the 20s and always by age 30. […] The attacks last up to 24 hours. […] Often, the person awakens the day after vigorous exercise with an attack of weakness. […] In this form, attacks often begin by age 10. […] The attacks last 15 minutes to 1 hour. […] Weakness tends to be less severe than in the hypokalemic form. […] In this form, attacks of weakness last hours to days and are usually triggered by exercise, stress, or eating foods rich in carbohydrates, similar to the hypokalemic form.

• #46 Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000319.htm

  Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) is a condition with episodes of severe muscle weakness. It occurs in people who have high levels of thyroid hormone in their blood. […] Symptoms involve attacks of muscle weakness or paralysis. Between attacks, normal muscle function returns. Attacks often begin after symptoms of hyperthyroidism have developed. Hyperthyroid symptoms may be subtle. […] During attacks, you will be alert and can answer questions. Normal strength returns between attacks. With repeated attacks, you may develop muscle weakness. […] Chronic attacks over time can lead to muscle weakness. This weakness can continue even between attacks if the thyrotoxicosis is not treated. […] TPP responds well to treatment. Treating hyperthyroidism will prevent attacks. It may even reverse muscle weakness. […] Untreated TPP can lead to: Muscle weakness that gets worse over time.

• #47 Periodic Paralysis | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/p/periodic-paralysis.html

  Andersen-Tawil syndrome usually starts before age 18. The attacks last from 1 to 36 hours. This form can cause irregular heartbeats because it affects heart muscle along with skeletal muscle. People with this disorder often have spine, dental, or jaw abnormalities. […] In general, your symptoms may differ depending on the form of PP and the exact gene change that you may have. […] As people get older, they sometimes have permanent muscle damage.

• #48 Familial Periodic Paralysis – Children’s Health Issues – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/children-s-health-issues/muscular-dystrophies-and-related-disorders/familial-periodic-paralysis

  In this form, attacks of weakness usually begin before age 20 and are triggered by rest after exercise. […] Episodes may last for days and occur monthly. […] People with this form may also have other disorders such as an abnormally curved spine (scoliosis), webbed toes (syndactyly), abnormally positioned fingers (clinodactyly), a small chin (micrognathia), or low-set ears. […] Heart abnormalities may cause abnormal heart rhythms and increase the risk of sudden death.

• #49 Periodic paralysis (PP) – Muscular Dystrophy UK

  https://www.musculardystrophyuk.org/conditions/a-z/periodic-paralyses/

  In some cases, this can lead to permanent muscle damage, causing some muscle wasting and fixed, rather than episodic, weakness. […] Treatment for HypoPP focuses on maintaining normal blood potassium levels to prevent episodes of weakness. […] Treatment for HyperPP focuses on maintaining normal potassium levels in the blood to prevent episodes of weakness. […] Episodes in Andersen-Tawil syndrome are usually caused by low potassium levels, so it is treated in a similar way to hypokalemic periodic paralysis.

• #50 Todd’s paralysis: Symptoms, causes, and what to do

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320341

  Todds paralysis, also known as Todds paresis or Todds palsy, happens after a seizure. It usually affects people with epilepsy. It involves being temporarily unable to move all or part of the body. […] Most people who experience Todds paralysis have epilepsy, and the paralysis occurs immediately after an epileptic seizure. This is because the brain takes time to recover from a seizure, which can have lingering effects. […] Todds paralysis occurs after around 13% of all seizures. The paralysis can last between 30 minutes and 36 hours, after which feeling and movement will return completely, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke reports. The average duration of the paralysis 15 hours, the institute states. […] Todds paralysis usually affects one side of the body, causing weakness or a loss of sensation, and it can make speech slurred.

• #51 Todd’s paralysis: Symptoms, causes, and what to do

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320341

  By contrast, Todds paralysis goes away after a relatively short time, after 15 hours, on average. There is usually no lasting impact. […] It is not clear what causes Todds paralysis, but it always occurs after a seizure. It lasts until the area of the brain affected by the seizure recovers. […] Todds paralysis does not affect everyone with epilepsy. No clear risk factors suggest that certain people are more likely to have it than others. […] Todds paralysis happens directly after a seizure. It may affect only one side of the body and involve slurred speech. While the symptoms can resemble those of a stroke, the recovery from this paralysis is much quicker.

• #52 Periodic paralysis (PP) – Muscular Dystrophy UK

  https://www.musculardystrophyuk.org/conditions/a-z/periodic-paralyses/

  PP are rare genetic conditions that cause episodes of muscle weakness or paralysis. These episodes are temporary but vary in how severe they are and how long they last. […] Episodes of muscle weakness or paralysis can happen when potassium levels in the blood are low. […] Episodes typically last several hours but can sometimes continue for days. […] The frequency of episodes varies widely. They may occur several times a week or only once or twice a year. Normal muscle strength and function usually returns between episodes. […] With age, some people may develop permanent muscle weakness in their arms and legs. This can lead to walking at a slower pace or daily activities like walking up stairs harder. […] Episodes of weakness are usually like those seen in hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HypoPP) and can be triggered by stress, rest after exercise, and carbohydrate-rich foods. Weakness mostly affects the arms and legs and typically lasts from hours to days.

• #53 Weakness and Paralysis: Types, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://www.ganeshdiagnostic.com/blog/weakness-and-paralysis-types-causes-symptoms-and-treatment

  Here are some common complications associated with weakness and paralysis: […] Muscle atrophy: Prolonged weakness or paralysis can lead to muscle atrophy or the failure of muscle mass and resilience. […] Respiratory problems: Weakness and paralysis of the chest muscles can lead to respiratory problems, such as difficulty breathing or pneumonia.

• #54 Paralysis Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Options

  https://sukinohealthcare.com/paralysis-symptoms-causes-and-treatment/

  c) Muscle Spasms: Paralyzed muscles may exhibit involuntary contractions or spasms. These spasms can cause discomfort and may vary in intensity and frequency. […] g) Muscle Atrophy: Over time, paralyzed muscles may weaken and shrink due to lack of use, leading to muscle atrophy. This can further exacerbate the loss of movement and contribute to joint stiffness. […] j) Emotional Impact: Paralysis can have a profound emotional impact on individuals and their loved ones. Feelings of frustration, depression, anxiety, and a sense of loss of independence are common emotional responses to the condition. […] Understanding its causes, paralysis symptoms, and treatment options is crucial for individuals living with paralysis, their families, and their caregivers.

• #55 Paralysis: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Management & Types

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15345-paralysis

  Paralysis treatment usually includes physical, occupational and speech therapy. These can accommodate paralysis and provide exercises, and adaptive and assistive devices to help improve function. […] Learning to live with paralysis is challenging. It can cause dramatic changes to your life, activities and self-image. These changes can result in mental health issues and depression. […] Over time, and with rehabilitation, many people with paralysis learn to adapt. Many people lead independent, active lives with paralysis.

• #56 Paralysis: Symptoms, Types, Causes, Prevention and Treatment

  https://www.acko.com/health-insurance/diseases/paralysis/

  Emotional response to paralysis may bring about depression, anxiety, and even an unfavorable feeling of losing something or someone. It is never easy to accept a new reality of permanent change and loss of physical function, and psychosocial support from the healthcare team, family, and friends is important. […] Supportive care, including occupational therapy and counselling, is key to improving quality of life and enhancing independence.

• #57 Laryngeal paralysis | Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine

  https://www.vet.cornell.edu/departments-centers-and-institutes/riney-canine-health-center/canine-health-information/laryngeal-paralysis

  Laryngeal paralysis is a disease that causes difficulty breathing, which may be initially mild and then progressively worsen over time. […] The signs of laryngeal paralysis will vary depending on the progression of the disease. It can become a medical emergency if breathing suddenly worsens from excitement, stress, exercise or exposure to hot and humid temperatures. GOLPP may progress to leg weakness or uncoordinated movement over time. […] Laryngeal paralysis requires lifelong monitoring and management. GOLPP tends to progress slowly, and some dogs may have mild signs for years and be managed conservatively before breathing becomes significantly affected. […] Similarly, the decline in mobility from GOLPP is variable, and since the disease often occurs when the dogs are older, many dogs may live their normal lifespan before it progresses to more significant and generalized muscle weakness.

• #58 Sudden Left Paralysis, Other Bizarre Symptoms — What’s Happening? | MedPage Today

  https://www.medpagetoday.com/casestudies/neurology/85051

  A 61-year-old woman presents to the emergency department (ED) at the University of Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha with left-sided hemiparesis. The patient explains that she awoke that morning with extreme weakness on her left side, in both her arms and legs. […] An initial neurologic examination in the ED notes slow movement and hyperreflexia in the left upper and lower extremities in the absence of objective weakness or sensory deficits. […] The patient also reports that she is no longer experiencing the chest pain, which clinicians suspect may have been related to anxiety. […] Based on this patient’s history of previous ischemic stroke and her recent illness, the most likely diagnosis is thought to be a toxic or metabolic disturbance resulting in an exacerbation of existing neurologic deficit. Exacerbation of an existing neurologic deficit is well recognized as a manifestation of both infection and hypoglycemia, but has not previously been associated with salicylate toxicity, the case authors note. […] In addition, they said, because the case illustrates that atypical neurologic symptoms may precede both delirium and tinnitus in the course of salicylate toxicity, awareness is crucial to avoid potentially fatal delays in diagnosis.

• #59 Paralysis | Sepsis Alliance

  https://www.sepsis.org/sepsisand/paralysis/

  Paralysis is the loss of muscle function the muscles no longer work or move as you want them to. […] The extent of the paralysis depends upon what caused it. […] Paralyzed muscles can be anywhere in the body, from facial paralysis, like what is caused by Bells palsy, to quadraplegia, which affects both the arms and legs, as well as some chest muscles. […] People with paralysis can be at higher risk of developing infections for a variety of reasons. […] Loss of movement or sensation can make it easier for the affected body part to be injured, such as being cut or burned, and injuries like this may also not be immediately noticed. […] If an infection does set in, it might not be felt or noticed until it has progressed. […] Decreased movement can also lead to pressure sores that can become infected.

• #60 Muscular Weakness (Paresis and Paralysis) – Signs and Symptoms – McMaster Textbook of Internal Medicine

  https://empendium.com/mcmtextbook/chapter/B31.I.1.21.

  Muscular weakness is one of the most common neurologic presentations. Paresis is a reduction in muscle strength with a limited range of voluntary movement. Paralysis (-plegia) is a complete inability to perform any movement. […] Acute upper motor neuron dysfunction (eg, stroke, traumatic spinal cord injury) may initially present as flaccid paresis. […] Flaccid weakness: Lower motor neuron dysfunction. Caused by neuropathy (Guillain-Barr syndrome, heavy metal poisoning, adverse effects of drugs [vincristine, isoniazid], neuropathy in patients with autoimmune diseases or diabetes, acute intermittent porphyria, nerve compression, critical illness myopathy, critical illness neuropathy), neuromuscular junction disorders (myasthenia gravis, botulism, effects of muscle relaxants, organophosphate poisoning), or muscle disorders (inflammatory myopathy: polymyositis, inclusion body myositis, dermatomyositis), muscular dystrophy, electrolyte abnormalities (among others, periodic paralysis in patients with hypokalemia or hyperkalemia, hypomagnesemia, hypercalcemia). […] Vitamin B12 deficiency can present with spastic weakness due to dysfunction of the corticospinal tracts of the spinal cord and flaccid weakness due to dysfunction of the peripheral nerves (areflexic weakness with bilateral Babinski signs).

• #61 Paralysis | Sepsis Alliance

  https://www.sepsis.org/sepsisand/paralysis/

  Also, decreased or loss of sensation can also make it hard for people to notice that they have an internal infection, such as a urinary tract infection (UTI). […] The only way to prevent sepsis is to prevent infections or to treat them as quickly and effectively as possible. […] For people with paralysis, there are some extra steps that are vital in preventing infection. […] Checking for pressure spots: For those who are use wheelchairs or aids, such as braces or splints, thorough skin checks for pressure spots is vital. […] Good technique for self-catheterization: Clean technique and monitoring urine for signs of infection are vital in reducing the risk of infection. […] I am an incomplete paraplegic with weakness and partial paralysis from the chest down. […] Due to TM, my bladder no longer functions properly and I have to use catheters in order to urinate. […] I often get urinary tract infections (Sepsis and Urinary Tract Infections) with which I am always asymptomatic (no symptoms), so I never really know when I have one.

• #62 Tick Paralysis | Lyme Disease

  https://www.columbia-lyme.org/tick-paralysis

  Following tick attachment, signs and symptoms include ataxia and paralysis starting in the feet and legs, moving upward. […] Tick paralysis becomes life threatening if the tick is not removed and paralysis ascends to the trunk. This can affect the respiratory muscles making it difficult to breath.

• #63

  https://abc7.com/post/bells-palsy-recognizing-symptoms-facial-paralysis-early-key/14884787/

  Bell’s Palsy can cause partial facial paralysis and recognizing the signs early is key to treatment. […] If Bell’s Palsy isn’t treated early, recovery could take much longer and in some cases the damage could be permanent. […] The condition can last for two weeks or up to six months. […] While it’s difficult to prevent, Segil said the earlier patients can get treatment, the faster they recover. […] It’s important to see a neurologist to rule out other serious conditions. Segil said if you have any sign of facial weakness or paralysis see a doctor right away.

• #64 Bell’s palsy – causes, symptoms and treatments | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/bells-palsy

  If you are experiencing facial paralysis call triple zero (000) immediately and ask for an ambulance or go to your nearest emergency department. […] Bell’s palsy is a sudden weakness or paralysis on one side of your face. […] Most people start to get better over several weeks or months. A few people don’t recover fully and are left with some weakness or paralysis of the muscles on that side of their face. […] The main symptom is weakness or paralysis of one side of your face. It’s usually at its worst 2 to 3 days after it first appears. […] Most people recover from Bell’s palsy without treatment within about 6 months. However, treatment can help relieve your symptoms and let you recover more quickly. […] Bell’s palsy may stop you from closing one eye properly. If you don’t look after your exposed eye, you may get eye complications. These can include incomplete eye closure. […] If your facial control does not fully recover 3 months after getting Bell’s palsy, see your doctor.

• #65 Paralysis – Types of Paralysis & Their Causes

  https://www.webmd.com/brain/paralysis-types

  Paralysis Treatment […] There’s no cure for permanent paralysis. If your spinal cord is injured, it can’t repair itself. Temporary paralysis may go away without treatment, though there are helpful treatments for some types. For example, people with Bell’s palsy may get steroids and antiviral drugs. […] People with paralysis caused by medical conditions such as multiple sclerosis and ALS may get help from medicines that slow the progression of their conditions.

• #66 Bell’s Palsy | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

  https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/bells-palsy

  Bell’s palsy is a neurological disorder that causes paralysis or weakness on one side of the face. It occurs when one of the nerves that controls muscles in the face becomes injured or stops working properly. Bell’s palsy is the most common cause of facial paralysis. […] Symptoms appear suddenly over a 48- to 72-hour period and generally begin to improve after a few weeks. The symptoms vary from person to person and can be mild to severe. People with Bells palsy usually recover some or all facial function within a few weeks to six months. Sometimes, the facial weakness may last longer or be permanent. […] Imaging studies may be useful if there is a gradual progression of facial weakness or if more than facial expression, taste, and hearing sensitivity are affected. […] Electromyography and nerve conduction studies may help determine how serious the disorder is and the chances of recovery.

• #67 Facial Paralysis: Causes, Symptoms, and Diagnosis

  https://www.healthline.com/health/facial-paralysis

  If your face is droopy, you may have facial paralysis, which is a loss of facial movement due to nerve damage. Your facial muscles may appear to droop or become weak. […] Depending on the cause, the paralysis might last for a short or extended period of time. […] The vast majority of people with Bells palsy will fully recover on their own, with or without treatment. However, taking oral steroids (such as prednisone) and antiviral medications immediately may aid your recovery. […] For people who have had a stroke, getting medical attention quickly can greatly improve the possibility of a full recovery with limited damage to your brain and body.

• #68 Sol Tarafı Felç Olan Hasta Tedavisi | Prof. Dr. Engin Çakar

  https://engincakar.com/en/what-is-left-side-paralysis-left-side-paralysis-treatment/

  Stroke is a situation which necessitate urgent medical intervention and it is needed to know the early warning signals. […] Therefore, if the stroke happens in the right hemisphere of brain, paralysis happens in the left side of the body and left side paralysis is observed. […] A patient with Left Side Paralysis may experience loss of these functions besides loss of movement. Symptoms of left side paralysis: […] Stroke may affect their self-awareness and the persons may disclaim their physical disability. […] Once the life-threatening situation is overcome, treatment of the functions which have been lost because of the stroke begins. […] From the early period after stroke, physical therapy and rehabilitation applications are started to prevent the patient from being permanently paralyzed. […] Left Side Paralysis treatment involves regaining as many functions as possible. […] By performing diverse exercises at the appropriate intensity, the brains ability to regulate itself (neuroplasticity) is stimulated. Thanks to this, the process of relearning the lost functions begins.

• #69 Sleep paralysis: Causes, symptoms, and treatments – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/sleep-paralysis-causes-symptoms-and-treatments

  Sleep paralysis may involve such symptoms as: inability to move the arms, legs, body, and head when falling asleep or waking up […] Episodes last from a few seconds to a few minutes, and may occur once in a person’s life or repeatedly over their lifetime. […] An episode of sleep paralysis can last from a few seconds to a few minutes. The episode usually ends on its own, or when someone moves or touches you or speaks to you. Making an intense effort to move can also end an episode. […] Sleep paralysis can be frightening and can cause emotional distress for some people. However, it usually does not happen frequently enough to cause significant health effects, and is not a serious medical risk on its own. […] People who experience recurrent or frightening episodes may develop unhealthy sleep habits to avoid sleep, leading to sleep deprivation. This can have negative effects on a person’s health.

• #70 Sleep paralysis – causes, symptoms and treatment | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/sleep-paralysis

  Sleep paralysis is also linked to: not getting enough sleep for example, because of work hours or insomnia; irregular sleeping patterns, for example those experienced by shift workers or students, or because of jet lag; family history of sleep paralysis; sleeping on your back. […] Talk to your doctor if you feel anxious or tired because of repeated episodes of sleep paralysis. Sleep paralysis is not usually harmful. […] Sleep paralysis doesnt cause significant problems for most people, and no treatment is needed. […] If treatment is needed, measures that may help include: some types of antidepressant medicines; relaxation techniques and meditation; cognitive behavioural therapy. […] Getting enough sleep may reduce your chances of experiencing sleep paralysis. Most adults need between 7 and 9 hours of sleep a night. […] Sleep paralysis wont cause any complications. It generally doesnt stop you getting enough sleep.

• #71 What is Paralysis

  https://www.artemishospitals.com/blog/what-is-paralysis

  Paralysis can affect any part of the body. It can be: […] Paralysis can be categorised into two types based on the area of injury in the nervous system: […] The diagnosis of paralysis involves a physical examination and discussion about any previous injuries in the initial stage. In case of gradual paralysis, you may be asked to discuss the onset of symptoms. […] Paralysis can have an impact on other bodily functions such as heart rate and breathing. The condition itself may include other body systems in the affected region. Depending on the type of paralysis, you may also be at a risk for: […] There isnt a cure for permanent paralysis. Also, the spinal cord cant heal itself. Temporary paralysis such as Bells paralysis often goes away on its own without treatment. Treatment for paralysis depends on the causative factors.

• #72 Facial nerve paralysis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facial_nerve_paralysis

  Facial nerve paralysis is characterised by facial weakness, usually only in one side of the face, with other symptoms possibly including loss of taste, hyperacusis and decreased salivation and tear secretion. […] Symptoms may develop over several hours. […] Bell’s palsy may develop over several days, and may last several months, in the majority of cases recovering spontaneously. […] Recovery may be delayed in the elderly, or those with a complete paralysis. […] Patients with facial nerve paralysis resulting from tumours usually present with a progressive, twitching paralysis, other neurological signs, or a recurrent Bell’s palsy-type presentation. […] In the case of Bell’s palsy, 71% of individuals fully recover without any sequelae. Additionally, the majority of individuals begin to recover within seven days after the onset of paralysis.

• #73 Paralysis Symptoms: Causes, Treatment Options and Recovery

  https://pdmhomeopathy.com/paralysis-symptoms-causes-treatment-options-and-recovery/

  Paralysis is a debilitating condition characterized by the loss of voluntary movement in one or more muscle groups, resulting in significant physical and emotional challenges for individuals affected by it. […] The severity and type of paralysis can vary greatly depending on the underlying cause, and it can be either temporary or permanent. […] The symptoms of paralysis can vary significantly depending on the underlying cause and the location of the damage. Common symptoms include: Loss of Movement: The most obvious symptom, which may affect specific areas of the body, such as one limb, one side of the body, or the entire body. […] The recovery process from paralysis is highly individualized, often depending on the underlying cause and the extent of damage to the nervous system. Recovery can take time, and individuals may experience varying degrees of improvement. Some key aspects of the recovery process include: Comprehensive Rehabilitation: Engaging in a structured rehabilitation program can significantly enhance recovery outcomes. Timely intervention typically yields more favorable outcomes. […] Ongoing Medical Management: Regular follow-up appointments with healthcare providers are essential to monitor progress, manage complications, and adjust treatment plans as needed.

• #74 Paralysis Explained: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Options

  https://www.physiotattva.com/blog/understanding-paralysis-types-causes-and-treatments

  A neurological exam for Paralysis involves assessing muscle strength, tone, and reflexes. […] Diagnostic tests for Paralysis include MRI and CT scans to visualize spinal cord or brain abnormalities. […] Medications for paralysis management may include muscle relaxants, pain relievers, or drugs to address underlying causes like inflammation or infections. […] Assistive devices play a crucial role in aiding individuals with Paralysis. […] Physical therapy for Paralysis aims to improve muscle strength, mobility, and overall physical function. […] Recovering from Paralysis often involves a combination of therapies. […] Common exercises for paralysis recovery include a range of motion exercises to improve joint mobility, strength training to build muscle and aerobic exercises for cardiovascular health. […] Early exercise is crucial in paralysis recovery as it prevents muscle atrophy, maintains joint flexibility, and stimulates neural pathways.

• #75 Paralysis: Definition and Patient Education

  https://www.healthline.com/health/paralysis

  Your paralysis may be temporary. For example, Bells palsy is a condition that can cause temporary paralysis of your face. Strokes can also temporarily paralyze one side of your body. With time and treatment, you may regain some or all of your feeling and coordination. […] In other cases, your paralysis may be permanent. […] Many people with paralysis never regain mobility or sensation in the affected areas of their bodies. But even if a persons paralysis isnt curable, their healthcare team can recommend assistive technologies, therapeutic interventions, or other strategies to help improve quality of life.

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