Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Mallet Finger: What It Is, Complications & Recovery Time

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21825-mallet-finger

  Mallet finger is a common sports injury, especially among baseball players. […] Most mallet fingers won’t need surgery. But you might need surgery if you have a complicated fracture or your tendon is torn all the way through. […] Most mallet finger injuries will heal if you wear a finger splint to keep it in the right position. […] You might need surgery to repair a severed tendon or fracture, or to realign the joint and hold it in place while it heals. […] Most mallet finger injuries heal with eight weeks of splinting. […] After splinting and some hand therapy, you should be able to straighten your fingertip again. […] It’s very important to wear your splint at all times, or as instructed by your healthcare provider, and only remove it for cleaning. […] Mallet finger usually responds to simple treatment, but it’s important to have a healthcare provider treat it.

• #2 Mallet Finger: Symptoms & Treatment | The Hand Society

  https://www.assh.org/handcare/condition/mallet-finger

  Medical attention should be sought within the first few days after the injury, especially if there is blood beneath the nail or if the nail is detached at the base. This may be a sign of a nail bed injury or an open (compound) fracture. […] Most mallet finger injuries can be cured without surgery. Most can be completely treated with non-removable finger splinting until the tendon heals itself or the bone seals the fracture. […] After the diagnosis and a reduction in swelling, there are many different types of splints and casts for mallet fingers that will be successful and comfortable for all activities over the ensuing weeks or months while the tendon or bone heals. […] Surgery may be considered when a mallet finger injury has a large bone fragment or the joint is not properly aligned. In these cases, wires or small screws are used to realign the joint.

• #3 Mallet Finger > Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/hand-wrist-and-elbow-care/mallet-finger/

  Surgery is not often required to treat Mallet Finger. Your finger will be straightened and splinted for up to six weeks to allow the tendon and bone to heal and reattach. It is important to keep the splint in place as long as ordered to promote healing. Not wearing the splint can lead to permanent deformity of your finger. […] Rehabilitation after healing is often recommended to restore full function of the finger. […] Rehabilitation exercises for Mallet Finger can often be done at home as directed by your healthcare provider. Extreme cases of Mallet Finger may require additional physical or occupational therapy.

• #4 The Diagnosis and Management of Mallet Finger Injuries

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5480656/

  Nonoperative management has been suggested as first-line treatment option for almost all mallet finger injuries. It is currently considered the standard of care for all injuries with no associated fracture, no volar subluxation of the distal phalanx, or cases with involvement of less than one-third of the articular surface. Treatment involves complete immobilization of the involved joint in full extension or slight overextension for at least 6 weeks, followed by 2 weeks of nighttime splinting. Importance of compliance with maintaining complete and continuous immobilization of the affected joint cannot be overstressed, as if the distal interphalangeal joint is allowed to flex during the course of 6 weeks, the course needs to be restarted. […] Despite the many different types of splints available for the management of mallet finger injuries, none has been proven to be superior to another. Regardless of the material it is made of or whether it is applied on the volar or dorsal aspect of the finger, any type of splint maintaining the distal interphalangeal joint in extension and subsequently the ruptured extensor tendon in apposition is effective.

• #5 Mallet finger – aftercare Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/selfcare-instructions/mallet-finger-aftercare

  Wearing a splint on your finger to keep it straight is the most common treatment for mallet finger. You may need to wear a splint for different lengths of time. […] If your tendon is only stretched, not torn, it should heal in 4 to 6 weeks if you wear a splint all the time. […] If your tendon is torn or pulled off the bone, it should heal in 6 to 8 weeks of wearing a splint all the time. After that, you will need to wear your splint for another 3 to 4 weeks, at night only. […] If you wait to start treatment or do not wear the splint as you are told, you may have to wear it longer. Surgery is rarely needed except for more severe fractures. […] Your splint is made of hard plastic or aluminum. A trained professional should make your splint to make sure it fits correctly and your finger is in the right position for healing.

• #6 Mallet finger injury treatment programme | CUH

  https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/mallet-finger-injury-treatment-programme/

  This leaflet is aimed at providing information for patients and their families / carers about mallet finger injuries and treatment required to recover from the injury. […] To treat your mallet injury, you will need to wear a splint to prevent your finger tip from bending to allow the tendon to heal. For a bony mallet injury, you will wear the splint all the time for six weeks. For a soft tissue mallet injury, it will be all the time for eight weeks. This time could be extended depending on your rate of healing. […] After six to eight weeks, your hand occupational therapist will show you some exercises to get your finger tip bending again. […] You will need to continue to wear your mallet splint at all times, removing it only to carefully clean the skin or complete your exercises when you will replace it with the guide splint.

• #7 Rehabilitation following mallet finger – South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

  https://www.southtees.nhs.uk/resources/rehabilitation-following-mallet-finger/

  Mallet finger is a common injury. […] The mallet finger splint is a simple splint and effective way to treat this injury. The splint is designed to keep the joint straight while the tendon heals. […] Treatment is most likely to succeed if the splint is: Always taped securely in place. Worn constantly day and night for a minimum of six to eight weeks. […] The splinted finger must be kept clean and dry at all times. […] Your hand therapist will check your finger at six weeks and if your tendon is able to straighten your finger well, you will be started on gradual exercises to regain the bend. […] It takes 12 weeks for your tendon to completely heal, so it is important to follow all advice to get the best result. […] The splint is designed to interfere as little as possible with normal use of your hand. […] If you experience any of the following problems before your next review appointment: The splint becomes too tight or too slack you cannot keep it on. You develop sores in the skin under the splint.

• #8 Splinting Options for Treating a Mallet Finger

  https://www.3pointproducts.com/blog/health-arthritis-finger-and-toe-conditions/splinting-options-for-treating-a-mallet-finger

  Mallet Fingers should be treated as quickly as possible with a splint that immobilizes the DIP joint for 4 to 6 weeks. […] If symptoms do not improve in 4 to 6 weeks, patients should be referred for additional treatment or surgical intervention.

• #9 Mallet Finger Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Splinting, Surgical Reduction

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1242305-treatment

  Tendinous injuries require 6-8 weeks of splinting, and bony injuries require 4-5 weeks. […] The DIP joint should be immobilized in full extension so that the finger is straight. […] Various means are available for holding the DIP joint in extension. […] Small strips of aluminum with foam-rubber backing are commonly used in splinting. […] The aluminum strip can be applied either dorsally or volarly. […] Regardless of the splinting method used, patients should have a follow-up appointment 1 week following the initiation of splinting to ensure that the joint is being properly maintained in extension and will continue to be. […] At the end of treatment, the DIP joint should be stiff in full extension. Full-time splinting in extension for an additional 2-4 weeks is advised if an extensor lag is noted.

• #9 Mallet Finger Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Splinting, Surgical Reduction

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1242305-treatment

  Patients may not present to the orthopedist with mallet finger for weeks or even months, perhaps having received no treatment or ineffective treatment. […] A tendinous injury generally can be improved by extension splinting up to 6 months from the time of injury. […] Attempted open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of a mallet injury, either tendinous or bony, often results in a stiff, infected, or painful finger. In most instances, therefore, the surgeon should resist the urge to treat mallet finger surgically. […] Mallet injuries, whether bony or tendinous, should be addressed with closed treatment. […] Splinting of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint in full extension allows healing of the injured structure and restoration of excellent function and appearance. […] Patient education and compliance are keys to good results.

• #10 Mallet Finger: A Change in Perspective

  https://bracelab.com/clinicians-classroom/mallet-finger-a-change-in-perspective?srsltid=AfmBOorpDYcvVeEAvGkByQl_d8E4wiw7uyzsQnajl2CnjaYAw5B6ejL-

  A review of closed bony or tendinous mallet finger treatment reveals the accepted approaches are typically the same: fabricate an orthosis to immobilize the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint in neutral to slight hyperextension continuously for 6 to 8 weeks. […] Defining the two types of mallet injuries determines our treatment approach. […] A tendinous mallet requires positioning the DIP joint in slight extension for 6-8 weeks to ensure tendinous healing. […] A bony mallet requires immobilization in neutral to slight flexion for 4 to 6 weeks to ensure bony alignment and reduce distal phalanx subluxation. […] Our clinic provides this infographic above to newer therapists to guide them in determining the treatment plan for mallet finger injuries as well as to assist with clinical reasoning when the physicians order does not differentiate between a tendinous or bony mallet.

• #11 How to manage my mallet finger – GC Hand Therapy

  https://gchandtherapy.com/how-to-manage-my-mallet-finger-or-thumb-injury/

  If you have a mallet finger, it needs to be treated, it will not heal on its own. We strongly advise against self-managing by reinforcing the joint at home due to risk of pressure areas and to protect skin integrity. You should always see a hand therapist. […] If you have a fingertip that will not straighten on its own, you should immediately consult with a hand therapist. They can commence splinting and guide you through the next stages of your management. […] A good understanding of the treatment expectations is very important in the management of a mallet injury as splinting compliance is vital in a good outcome. […] Your therapist will fabricate a small custom moulded thermoplastic splint to be worn over the back of your finger and secured with small strapping tape. […] The splint must be worn FULL TIME throughout the duration of your splinting plan (6-8 weeks), removing only for hygiene and if the fleece lining needs to be changed.

• #12 Mallet finger – GC Hand Therapy

  https://gchandtherapy.com/client-handouts/mallet-finger/

  Mallet finger affects the extensor tendon which straightens the end of the finger/thumb. […] Your therapist will fabricate a small thermoplastic splint to be worn over the back of your finger. […] The splint will be worn strictly 24 hours per day for 6 -8 weeks, removing only for hygiene and to change the lining as shown by your therapist. […] When your splint is removed, your finger must remain straight and CANNOT bend! […] It is important that you contact your therapist if you have any problems (pain, pressure, tingling) with your splint during this time. […] When your splint is removed, the end of your finger will be stiff into flexion this is expected! […] In some severe cases you may be referred to a hand surgeon for review. Your therapist will discuss this further with you if this is required. […] Exercises: You should complete these exercises every day; they will ensure that your unaffected digits do not become stiff during the period of immobilisation.

• #13 Let’s Talk About Occupational Therapy for Mallet Finger

  https://handsots.com/lets-talk-mallet-finger/

  Let’s Talk About Occupational Therapy for Mallet Finger […] Sometimes the smallest injury that looks so simple, is the most frustrating. […] In this post, our resident Miami Occupational Therapist/Certified Hand Therapist discusses what a mallet finger is and what we can do for patients who have it. […] What Are the Treatment Options for Mallet Finger? […] The general protocol for conservative treatment of a mallet finger is to splint the tip of the finger straight for approximately 6 to 8 weeks and then start to move it as long as it is stiff and does not droop. […] […] To treat mallet finger, different types of splints may be used. Options consist of aluminum splints taped on, stack splints, or a custom-fitted orthosis fitted. THE most important thing is to ONLY splint the small knuckle (DIP) allowing the other knuckles to move. […]

• #14 Mallet Finger – Diagnosis and Treatment : Emergency Care BC

  https://emergencycarebc.ca/clinical_resource/clinical-summary/mallet-finger-diagnosis-and-treatment/

  The goal of treatment is to restore DIP joint extension and prevent a swan neck deformity (1, 3). […] Most mallet finger injuries can be treated non-surgically. Commonly reported indications for non-surgical treatment include closed injury and a fracture fragment size that is < ⅓ of the joint surface area (1,3). [...] Non-surgical treatment involves applying a splint on the volar or dorsal aspect of the finger to maintain the DIP joint in extension for 6-8 weeks (1,3). There are many different types of splints that can be used – aluminum foam, plastic, or custom-made thermoplastic – and none have been proven to be superior to another (3,5). [...] Indications include size of fracture (more than one-third of articular surface involvement) and subluxation of the distal phalanx (1,3). [...] Surgical techniques include trans-DIP joint K-wire fixation, open reduction internal fixation with K-wire, and open suture repair of the tendon plus trans-DIP joint K-wire fixation (1). [...] Complications that can occur include nail deformity, infection, and hardware failures (1,3).

• #15 Mallet finger – aftercare Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/selfcare-instructions/mallet-finger-aftercare

  You should keep your splint on unless your health care provider tells you that you can take it off. Each time you take it off and bend your finger tip, it can lengthen your recovery time. […] When it is time for your splint to come off, your provider will examine how well your finger has healed. […] If your finger has not healed at the end of treatment, your provider may recommend another 4 weeks of wearing the splint.

• #16 Mallet finger

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/mallet-finger/

  If you have mallet finger, the finger needs to be kept straight to let the injury heal. […] A doctor or nurse will put the finger in a splint, securing it with tape. You’ll still be able to bend your finger at the middle joint. […] You’ll need to: keep the splinted finger dry the skin inside the splint can be sore if it gets wet […] wear the splint for up to 8 weeks, only removing it to clean your finger and the splint. […] If the injury does not heal, you may need to wear the splint again for another 8 weeks. […] Rarely, you may need surgery. […] If you have mallet finger, you might be able to refer yourself directly to services for help with your condition without seeing a GP. […] The doctor or nurse may give you hand exercises to do around 6 to 8 weeks after your injury happened.

• #17 How to manage my mallet finger – GC Hand Therapy

  https://gchandtherapy.com/how-to-manage-my-mallet-finger-or-thumb-injury/

  When the splint is removed for these times, your fingertip must remain straight and supported by your other hand or the tabletop and CANNOT bend. If the fingertip bends forwards the healing will be undone and splinting will likely recommence from week one. […] In some cases, surgical intervention may be required if the bone fragment that has been pulled away with the tendon is a large fragment or if there is poor joint alignment. […] It is advised to continue night-time splinting ongoing for up to 3 months post injury to prevent any lag/drooping of this tip joint. […] Returning to sport does increase the risk of re-injury or the potential for your splint to loosen in high impact activity. […] Your hand therapist will have scheduled a follow up appointment at this point to remove the splint and ensure you can now straighten your finger with support removed.

• #18 Common Mistakes in Treating Mallet Finger – Hands on Therapy

  https://handsots.com/common-mistakes-in-treating-mallet-finger/

  Common treatments for mallet finger are […] conservative treatment of hand therapy […] splinting […] specific exercises. […] Most of the time, hand therapy is the first option after an injury. […] I would highly recommend looking for a Certified Hand Therapist in your area as they are the experts in treating these types of injuries. […] My # 1 advice to anyone who has a mallet finger is to keep the tip of the finger as straight, if not a little more hyperextended, for a minimum of 6 -8 weeks. […] That’s why it’s so important to be fitted for a custom-fitted splint – or something where you can wear for several weeks without having to change the splint. Failing to fix the mallet finger with the splint is THE biggest problem that I see as a certified hand therapist. […] Therapy for a mallet finger is NOT the same as with other injuries. I most often evaluate if a custom splint is needed, for how long, and pick the most appropriate exercise for the mallet finger. […] Believe it or not, it does not require a lot of exercise or sessions. But it does require a lot of patience. […] If you injured your finger and developed a mallet finger, consider getting professional help from a certified hand therapist here at Hands-on Therapy Services.

• #19 Mallet finger injury treatment programme | CUH

  https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/mallet-finger-injury-treatment-programme/

  You will be reviewed by your occupational therapist again who will check the motion of your finger. If no concerns are identified you will be instructed to remove your splint on a gradual basis during the day initially. It is expected that you will continue to wear your splint at night and for at risk activities (e.g. contact sports) for another three weeks. […] Your therapist may provide you with additional exercises to maximise your finger movement as well as the strength of your finger. Your therapist will advise you when to discard the splint and resume normal hand use.

• #20 Mallet Finger Injuries New York | Hand Surgery Specialist New York

  http://www.handsurgeonsnewyork.com/mallet-finger/

  The majority of mallet finger injuries can be treated without surgery. Ice should be applied immediately and the hand should be elevated (fingers toward the ceiling.) Medical attention should be sought within a week after injury. It is especially important to seek immediate attention if there is blood beneath the nail or if the nail is detached. This may be a sign of a nail bed laceration or an open (compound) fracture. […] There are many different types of splints/casts for mallet fingers. The goal is to keep the fingertip straight until the tendon heals. Most of the time, a splint will be worn full-time for eight weeks. Over the next three to four weeks, most patients gradually begin to wear the splint less frequently. The finger usually regains acceptable function and appearance with this treatment.

• #21 Hand Therapy – Mallet Injury of the Finger (PIFU) | Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust

  https://www.hey.nhs.uk/patient-leaflet/hand-therapy-mallet-injury-of-the-finger-pifu/

  A splint will have been fitted to the tip of your finger which will keep the tip of your finger straight. This allows the tendon /bone to stay together and heal. This will take 8 weeks for a soft tissue mallet and 6 weeks for a bony mallet. […] The splint should fit securely, not cause any soreness, and not become loose or fall off. The splint should be worn at all times, including when you are in bath/shower and when you are in bed, during this first period of continuous splinting. If you do not follow these instructions your ability to straighten the end of your finger may not return to normal. […] At the end of your 6 or 8 weeks continuous splinting you can remove your splint for light activities such as dressing and eating. You will still need to replace the splint for night time and heavy activities such as repeated or forceful gripping, for the next 4 weeks. Gradually wean yourself out of the splint slowly over these 4 weeks. The finger usually feels stiff at first. […] Most mallet injuries heal well with splinting alone. The aim of splinting is to return the end joint to as near normal as possible. It is common for there to be a slight loss of full extension at the end joint of your finger at the completion of treatment.

• #22 Mallet Finger | Professional Orthopaedic Associates

  https://www.professionalortho.com/about/patient-education/mallet-finger

  If the injury involves the tendon alone splinting the finger joint in full extension for six weeks is the recommended treatment. […] Some patients will not go to see the orthopedist for treatment immediately and initial treatment should be to immobilize the finger for eight weeks at this point. […] If the injury involves a fracture treatment will be determined by the size of the bony fragment and whether the joint is subluxed. […] After completion of the initial splinting program a skilled hand or occupational therapist is needed to restore motion and return the finger to a healthy state.

• #23 Mallet finger

  https://www.bopdhb.health.nz/health-and-support/health-wellbeing-services-and-advice/orthopaedic-injuries/mallet-finger-injury-no-fracture/

  Mallet finger is usually treated with a splint that holds your finger straight and lets the tendon (and sometimes a small piece of bone) heal. You need to wear it all the time for 6 to 8 weeks to prevent your finger developing a permanent droop. Only take if off when you need to wash your finger. […] After you have had your splint on for one week, you will have an appointment to check it fits properly. You will usually need to wear the splint all the time for 6 to 8 weeks’ then gradually remove it. […] When you have worn the mallet splint for 6 weeks, you can start to remove it. Even after 6 weeks, your tendon is not fully healed, so you will need to remove the splint over time. […] If your finger starts to droop again, start wearing the splint again and contact your hand therapist. You might have to wear the splint full time again for 2 weeks, then restart gradually removing it.

• #24 The Diagnosis and Management of Mallet Finger Injuries

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5480656/

  Although nonoperative management appears to be the mainstay of treatment for closed injuries only involving the extensor tendon, surgery does have a role in cases of patients with poor compliance to continuous splinting or certain professionals (musicians, surgeons). In those cases, the distal interphalangeal joint is fixed in extension using a K-wire, which is removed after 8 weeks to be followed by 2 weeks of external splinting during nighttime. Furthermore, operative management has been suggested for all open injuries, using a K-wire for immobilization of the distal interphalangeal joint and direct repair of the extensor tendon, although only few reports exist in the literature. […] In the case of mallet finger associated with an underlying distal phalanx fracture, surgery is recommended if the fracture involves more than 30% of the articular surface or if there is palmar subluxation of the distal phalanx. Options for surgical management include either closed reduction with percutaneous pinning or open reduction and fixation.

• #25 Mallet finger – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallet_finger

  Treatment is generally with a splint that holds the fingertip straight continuously for 8 weeks. […] This should begin within a week of the injury. […] The splint may be worn just at night for a few additional weeks after this. […] Surgery generally does not improve outcomes. […] It may be required if the finger cannot be straightened by pushing on it or the break has pulled off more than 30% of the joint surface. […] Surgery may be preferred over the use of a splint if a child is non-compliant. […] If the problem has been present a long time surgery may also be required. […] An open fracture may be another reason. […] Surgery will put the finger in a neutral position and drill a wire through the distal interphalangeal joint (DIP) to the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP), forcing immobilization.

• #26 Mallet Finger Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Splinting, Surgical Reduction

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1242305-treatment

  Many surgeons prefer operative treatment of mallet injuries that are accompanied by volar subluxation of the distal phalanx. […] The appropriate indications for surgical fixation of mallet fractures, which techniques to use, and the accuracy of outcome measures are frequently debated. […] Complications from open surgical management abound.

• #27 Mallet Finger Injuries New York | Hand Surgery Specialist New York

  http://www.handsurgeonsnewyork.com/mallet-finger/

  Your surgeon or hand therapist will instruct you about how to wear the splint and will also show you exercises to maintain motion in the middle joint (the proximal interphalangeal joint) so your finger does not become stiff. Once your mallet finger has healed, your surgeon or hand therapist will teach you exercises to regain motion in the fingertip. […] Surgical repair may be considered when mallet finger injuries have large bone fragments or joint mal-alignment. In these cases, pins, wires or even small screws are used to secure the bone fragment and realign the joint. Surgery may also be considered if splint wear is not feasible or if non-surgical treatment is not successful in restoring adequate finger extension. Surgical treatment of the damaged tendon can include tightening the stretched tendon tissue, using tendon grafts or even fusing the joint straight. Your surgeon will advise you on the best technique in your situation.

• #28 Mallet Finger | Med Diagnostics Rehab

  https://www.meddiagnosticrehab.co/mallet-finger.php

  First-aid treatment for a mallet finger injury includes the application of ice to reduce swelling, the elevation of the finger above the level of the heart, and the administration of over-the-counter painkillers or anti-inflammatories. […] Assuming the mallet finger does not involve a bone fracture, a splint is applied to keep the finger in full extension as it heals. The doctor will assess the damage and recommend the length of time the splint will need to be worn accordingly, usually between 4 and 8 weeks. […] Although some patients may be tempted to wear the splint less frequently than advised, care should be taken to follow the doctor’s directions to ensure that treatment is as effective as possible. […] When X-rays detect a fracture, surgical intervention may be necessary, but usually only if: Large bone fragments are present, There is joint misalignment, There is severe deformity, There is severe dysfunction, There is severe tendon damage.

• #29 Mallet Finger Video | Medical Video Library

  https://www.ypo.education/orthopaedics/hand-wrist/mallet-finger-t178/video/

  Mallet finger can be treated non-surgically using specially designed splints that immobilize the finger and promote natural healing. […] Mallet finger can be treated non-surgically by applying a specially designed splint for 6-8 weeks. Immobilizing the finger with a splint helps promote natural healing of the torn tendon or bones. […] For patients who require use of their fingers to perform occupational tasks, internal splints can be used; this involves surgical placement of metal pins in the affected bones. The pins can be removed after 6 weeks of healing. […] Patients who fail to achieve adequate relief are recommended for surgery which involves repairing the torn tendon. If the mallet finger involves a fracture of the bone fragment, then it can be stabilized and fixed using pins and a special K-wire.

• #30 Physical therapy in Mesa, Tempe and Chandler for Hand Pain – Mallet Finger Injuries

  https://www.succeedptw.com/Injuries-Conditions/Hand/Hand-Issues/Mallet-Finger-Injuries/a~287/article.html

  When you begin your physical therapy program, our physical therapist may recommend continuous splinting for approximately six weeks followed by six weeks of nighttime splinting. […] The key is continuous splinting for the first six weeks. […] The splint holds the DIP joint in full extension and allows the ends of the tendon to move as close together as possible. […] If the splint is removed and the finger is allowed to bend, the process is disrupted and must start all over again. […] While a simple homemade splint will work, your physical therapist can provide you with a recommendation for the type that will be most beneficial to your recovery. […] In some extreme cases where the patient has to use the hands to continue working (such as a surgeon), a metal pin can be placed inside the bone across the DIP joint to act as an internal splint allowing the patient to continue to use the hand.

• #31 The Diagnosis and Management of Mallet Finger Injuries

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5480656/

  Chronic mallet finger represents a different clinical entity defined as mallet injuries seen at least 4 weeks after the injury. As with acute injuries, treatment options include prolonged external splinting as well as surgical intervention. […] In case of persistent symptoms, deformity, and functional impairment following splinting and surgical management, arthrodesis is the primary salvage procedure used. Fixation of the distal interphalangeal joint can be performed in this case using K-wires or intramedullary screws while the joint is usually fixed in slight flexion to increase function.

• #32 Current concepts in traumatic mallet finger management

  https://www.handmicro.org/journal/view.php?doi=10.12790/ahm.23.0016

  Mallet finger deformities can be divided into tendinous deformities caused by tendon rupture and bony deformities caused by fracture. […] The goal of treating traumatic mallet finger deformities is to accurately restore the ruptured tendon or fractured bone to its proper position, correct extension lag or flexion contracture, prevent joint arthritis, and restore the full range of motion through appropriate range of motion exercises at the right time. […] In cases of tendinous mallet finger, immobilization with a splint or cast for at least 6 weeks in the extended position is required. […] Patient compliance with the protocol is essential for achieving good treatment outcomes. […] If conservative treatment fails or if the deformity recurs after initial surgery, satisfactory results can be achieved through tenodermodesis surgery. […] If the bony mallet finger involves a bone fragment of 3 mm or more or subluxation of the distal phalanx, surgical treatment is recommended. […] The primary surgical treatment involves closed reduction and percutaneous pinning with the extension block technique.

• #33

  https://surgeryreference.aofoundation.org/orthopedic-trauma/adult-trauma/hand-distal-phalanges/proximal-dorsal-avulsion

  Immobilization of the DIP joint with a palmar splint […] DIP joint transfixation with a K-wire to stabilize a dorsal avulsion fracture of the distal phalangeal base […] Extensor block pinning and K-wire fixation (with joint transfixation) to stabilize a dorsal avulsion fracture of the distal phalangeal base […] Screw fixation of a dorsal avulsion fracture of the distal phalangeal base.

• #34

  https://www.orthobullets.com/hand/6014/mallet-finger

  Mallet Finger is a finger deformity caused by disruption of the terminal extensor tendon distal to DIP joint. […] Treatment is usually extension splinting of DIP joint for 6-8 weeks. Surgical management is indicated for volar subluxation of the distal phalanx, chronic injuries, or significant arthritis. […] Nonoperative extension splinting of DIP joint for 6-8 weeks for 24 hours daily. […] Volar splinting has fewer complications than dorsal splinting. […] Begin progressive flexion exercises at 6 weeks. […] No differences in patient satisfaction or extensor lag between operative and nonoperative treatment. […] CRPP vs ORIF indications include absolute indications for volar subluxation of distal phalanx. […] Surgical repair of the terminal tendon is indicated for traumatic tendon laceration.

• #35 Mallet Finger Treatment | Sydney Orthopaedic Surgeon

  https://sydneyorthopaedicsurgeon.com.au/hands/mallet-finger/

  In more severe cases of Mallet Finger, surgical intervention may be necessary to restore finger function fully. Surgical options include tendon repair, Kirschner wire fixation, and open reduction internal fixation. […] Tendon repair involves reattaching the damaged extensor tendon to its original position. […] Alternatively, a Kirschner wire fixation may be used, which involves the insertion of a wire to stabilise the joint and maintain proper alignment during the healing process. […] Dr Kirkham has great experience delivering each of these surgeries and will work closely with you to determine the best approach for your specific case. […] Aftercare plays a vital role in the recovery process for Mallet Finger. Following the prescribed treatment plan diligently is crucial to promote proper healing and prevent complications.

• #36

  https://www.orthobullets.com/hand/6014/mallet-finger

  Surgical reconstruction of terminal tendon is indicated for chronic injury without contracture. […] Tendon reconstruction has a high complication rate (~ 50%). […] DIP arthrodesis is indicated for painful, stiff, arthritic DIP joint. […] Swan neck deformity correction is indicated when Swan neck deformity is present.

• #37 Mallet Finger: What Is It and How Is It Treated? | Hand Center of Louisiana

  https://handsurgical.com/common-conditions/mallet-finger/

  Mallet finger treatment will depend on the type of injury you’ve sustained and the severity of your symptoms. Based on your physician’s analysis, they’ll recommend a treatment plan consisting of non-surgical or surgical options. […] The non-surgical treatment for baseball finger involves splinting and oral anti-inflammatory medications to relieve the injury. […] If the injury involves the tendon, your doctor will likely recommend splinting the finger joint in full extension for eight weeks. A baseball splint holds the fingertip straight until it can fully heal. […] Your doctor may schedule periodic checkups over the eight weeks to monitor your progress. […] After the splint comes off, mallet finger exercises can begin. Movement will prevent stiffness. […] Your doctor may recommend mallet finger surgery if there is a large fracture fragment or your joint becomes misaligned.

• #38 Mallet finger – aftercare: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000538.htm

  Wearing a splint on your finger to keep it straight is the most common treatment for mallet finger. You may need to wear a splint for different lengths of time. […] If your tendon is only stretched, not torn, it should heal in 4 to 6 weeks if you wear a splint all the time. […] If your tendon is torn or pulled off the bone, it should heal in 6 to 8 weeks of wearing a splint all the time. After that, you will need to wear your splint for another 3 to 4 weeks, at night only. […] If you wait to start treatment or do not wear the splint as you are told, you may have to wear it longer. Surgery is rarely needed except for more severe fractures. […] Your splint is made of hard plastic or aluminum. A trained professional should make your splint to make sure it fits correctly and your finger is in the right position for healing.

• #39 Mallet Finger: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/mallet-finger

  In some cases, when the splinting routine is difficult, the doctor may insert a temporary pin to hold your joint straight for the eight-week healing period. […] Surgery is generally recommended for complex mallet finger injuries. […] Surgery may be open, where the skin is cut to expose the tendon, or done with a needle puncture (percutaneous). […] Each individual is different. Discuss with your doctor and a specialist whether surgery is necessary for your finger to regain its function. […] Recovery time for mallet finger is usually eight weeks. It can be longer if you don’t keep to the splinting routine as directed. […] Most people heal well. You may not gain full ability to straighten the end of your finger at first. […] It’s most important to comply with the splinting routine for the full amount of time your doctor recommends. Research is ongoing into the best kind of splinting and surgery to treat mallet finger.

• #39 Mallet Finger: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/mallet-finger

  To treat the pain and swelling of a mallet finger immediately: […] It’s a good idea to see a doctor as soon as you can. Mallet finger injuries are usually treated without surgery, unless the injury is chronic. […] If a mallet finger is left untreated, your finger can become stiff. Or the finger may develop a swan neck deformity, where the joint bends the wrong way. […] Splinting is the first-line treatment for a mallet finger. The goal is to keep the fingertip straight in the splint until the tendon heals. […] Usually, your mallet finger will stay in a splint for at least six weeks. […] A 2014 study recommends keeping the splint on at night for six additional weeks after the initial six weeks. […] It’s important to fully comply with the splinting routine. If the joint involved (the distal interphalangeal) is allowed to flex during the six weeks, you’ll have to begin the splinting process again.

• #40 Physical therapy in Mesa, Tempe and Chandler for Hand Pain – Mallet Finger Injuries

  https://www.succeedptw.com/article.php?aid=287

  Splinting may even work when the injury is quite old. […] When the injury is new, we may recommend that the DIP joint be splinted nonstop in full extension for six to eight weeks. […] Skin problems are common with prolonged splinting. […] If problems arise, our physical therapist may recommend new or different splint. […] Your physical therapist can design a program of physical therapy and exercise to assist in finger range of motion and to reduce joint stiffness. […] Rehabilitation after surgery for mallet finger focuses mainly on keeping the other joints mobile and preventing stiffness from disuse. […] After the surgical pin has been removed, we may gradually introduce exercises to strengthen the finger and increase flexibility. […] A surgical pin acts like an internal cast to keep the DIP joint from moving so the tendon can heal. […] The pin is removed after six to eight weeks. […] If the damage cannot be repaired using pin fixation, finger joint fusion may be needed.

• #41 Mallet Finger: What Is It and How Is It Treated? | Hand Center of Louisiana

  https://handsurgical.com/common-conditions/mallet-finger/

  Mallet finger surgery is low-risk, and most patients experience a full recovery. […] For injuries requiring surgery, physical therapy is crucial. After completing a splinting program, a therapist will need to help the patient restore motion to the finger and return it to a healthy state. […] Mallet finger exercises can strengthen joints and hand muscles to improve fine motor skills and dexterity.

• #42 Mallet Finger Video | Medical Video Library

  https://www.ypo.education/orthopaedics/hand-wrist/mallet-finger-t178/video/

  After mallet finger surgery, the patient is recommended for physical therapy or occupational therapy for flexibility and strengthening exercises. […] Generally, mallet finger can be treated non-surgically using splint or braces for 6-8 weeks. If adequate relief is not seen, surgical repair is recommended.

• #43 Mallet Finger: Cut your finger’s tendon off – ask the Hand Expert

  https://handtherapy.co.za/finger/mallet-finger/

  A Mallet finger is a finger deformity that is the result of a severed tendon in your finger leaving the last digit of your finger in a bent position with the inability to straighten it, leaving you with a floppy finger tip but totally fixable without surgery. […] Treatment for Mallet finger: Splinting A custom splint designed and tailored for your finger, to allow optimal healing and ensure the tendon or bone re-attaches. […] Passive Exercises to maintain PIPJ movement […] Active exercises to regain and strengthen the EDC muscle. […] Tendon gliding techniques to ensure the tendon moves like it should […] Scar tissue mobilizations to guide and prevent abnormal scar tissue adhesions. […] Sensory retraining to recondition the nerve endings in your finger. […] 1st Phase: Protection Accurate diagnosis

• #44 Mallet Finger: Cut your finger’s tendon off – ask the Hand Expert

  https://handtherapy.co.za/finger/mallet-finger/

  2nd Phase: Splinting Stabilization […] 6 8 weeks splinting of the tip of your finger in an ideal position to immobilise the DIPJ and maintain movements in the rest of the finger, within limits. […] 3rd Phase: Regain Range of movement […] Exercises to progressively regain movement in the Distal Interphalangeal joint, and ensuring full range of movement of the Proximal Phalangeal joint, Metacarpal Phalangeal joint. […] 4th Phase: Strengthening […] A program to retrain the Extensor Digitorum Communis tendons ability to take up tension and muscle strengthening to be able to move the Distal Phalanx into extension. […] 5th Phase: Fine Motor skills […] Dexterity in executing complex, small tasks with precision. […] Tendon ruptures and stable fractures start with an 8 week immobilisation period, followed by a 4 week rehabilitation protocol. Total time to full recovery: 3 months.

• #45 The Best Mallet Finger Exercises — Vive Health

  https://www.vivehealth.com/blogs/resources/mallet-finger-exercises?srsltid=AfmBOoqjLUEamBYypeDiuDQUDx0gJmgn8GbcYXxBuf9N4LFdKUdVxxYk

  In most cases, wearing a splint can help the finger return to a normal resting position within a few short weeks. […] You will want to wait to start specific mallet finger exercises until your finger tissues are almost completely healed, done with splinting, and upon clearance from your doctor (especially after surgery). […] These 6 exercises will progress from gentle passive stretching to more active hand movements. […] A tendon glide exercise can help keep the tendon moving smoothly with less stiffness or catching during daily activities. […] As your flexibility and comfort with moving your finger improve, its time to get started with some basic strengthening moves. […] An important next step in the rehab process is to be able to properly pinch your fingers together. […] This exercise addresses the healing finger extensor tendon directly.

• #46 What is Mallet Finger? Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis & Physiotherapy Treatment of Mallet Finger…… – CB Physiotherapy

  https://cbphysiotherapy.in/condition/mallet-finger

  Physiotherapy after operative treatment focuses mainly on keeping the other joints mobile and thus preventing stiffness. […] Cryotherapy can be useful to relieve pain in the early stages, it can be used 10 -15 minutes 2 to 3 times a day. […] Ultrasound can be used to hasten the recovery process. […] The proximal joints are mobilized to gradually decrease the stiffness and increase the movement in the tip of the finger and after removing the splint the active and passive range of movements are started. […] Passively bend the injured joint gently to maintain the joint range of motion then straighten back the joint. Each position is held for 5 secs with 10 repetitions 3 to 4 times a day. […] Strengthening exercises like holding a squeeze ball, rubber ball or a therapeutic putty can be very helpful to regain mobility and strength. Hold this position for 5 secs and repeat 10 times. […] The splint is worn for up to 4 weeks at night, during this phase do not try to examine how much of the finger has healed by bending it, as it might cause further damage. The patient is educated, how to modify activities to avoid recurrent finger injury.

• #47 Physical Therapy For Mallet Finger Irvine, Newport Beach, Orange County

  https://www.corenewport.com/blog/a-patients-guide-to-mallet-finger-understanding-and-managing-the-injury/?bp=44019

  Mallet finger is a treatable condition, but timely and appropriate care is essential for a successful recovery. […] Prompt treatment is crucial to prevent long-term complications: […] The primary treatment involves wearing a splint that keeps the fingertip straight for 6-8 weeks, allowing the tendon to heal. […] Physical therapy plays a vital role in the rehabilitation process, especially after the splinting period, to restore function and prevent stiffness: […] Range of Motion Exercises: Gradual exercises to improve flexibility and movement in the affected finger. […] Strengthening Exercises: Building strength in the finger muscles to support the healing tendon. […] Manual Therapy: Techniques such as soft tissue massage and joint mobilizations to improve finger mobility and reduce pain. […] Functional Training: Activities that simulate daily tasks to ensure a return to normal finger function. […] Adhering to the prescribed treatment plan, including splinting and physical therapy, is key to regaining full function of the affected finger.

• #48 The Best Mallet Finger Exercises — Vive Health

  https://www.vivehealth.com/blogs/resources/mallet-finger-exercises?srsltid=AfmBOoqjLUEamBYypeDiuDQUDx0gJmgn8GbcYXxBuf9N4LFdKUdVxxYk

  Working on coordinating all of the extensor muscles in the hand and forearm at once will help you build functional strength for getting back to daily activities and sports. […] Choosing an exercise program for the mallet finger doesnt have to be complicated with the right health information. […] However, if youre feeling unsure of where to start, its always best to discuss treatment options and exercise with a physical therapist or occupational therapist. […] Don’t forget to maximize your exercise program results by combining it with other mallet finger treatment options to managing swelling and pain relief.

• #49 Mallet finger – aftercare: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000538.htm

  You should keep your splint on unless your health care provider tells you that you can take it off. Each time you take it off and bend your finger tip, it can lengthen your recovery time. […] When it is time for your splint to come off, your provider will examine how well your finger has healed. Swelling in your finger when you are no longer wearing the splint may be a sign that the tendon has not healed yet. You may need another x-ray of your finger. […] If your finger has not healed at the end of treatment, your provider may recommend another 4 weeks of wearing the splint.

• #50 Mallet Finger Treatment: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://www.melbournehandtherapy.com.au/conditions-treated/mallet-finger/

  If you dont get your mallet finger injury treated it often results in stiffness and an ongoing bend in the tip of the finger. No treatment or delayed treatment can also result in a deformity to the finger called a swan neck. This involves hyperextension of the middle knuckle and flexion of the end knuckle and can result in pain and functional difficulties. It is best to get your injury treated as soon as possible to reduce the risk of further deformity or functional limitations and get you back to your meaningful activities as soon as possible.

• #51 Mallet finger injury – Melbourne Hand Surgery

  https://melbournehandsurgery.com/36-hands/fractures/215-mallet-finger-injury

  Treatment is recommended, as if you do nothing you will not regain the ability to fully straighten your fingertip. […] Treatment for mallet finger is most successful if it is started within 2 weeks of the original injury, especially if you have a fracture. […] If the finger is not held in the right position during healing the affected tendon can heal longer than its original length, giving your fingertip a permanent droop. […] If you need surgery the additional potential risks include infection (of the skin, soft tissues or bone), nail growth disturbance, chronic tenderness, delayed wound healing and complex regional pain syndrome.

• #52 Mallet Finger Symptoms, Causes, & Treatment | Baptist Health

  https://www.baptisthealth.com/care-services/conditions-treatments/mallet-finger

  The majority of mallet finger injuries can be treated without surgery. It is important to seek medical care for this type of injury because if left untreated, mallet finger can lead to permanent stiffness or deformity of the finger. It is especially important in children because mallet finger can cause cartilage issues that may stunt bone growth in the finger if left untreated. […] Treatment for mallet finger generally requires that the finger is splinted for 6-8 weeks and worn full-time for the first 3-4 weeks. The splint and skin under the splint will need to be cleaned once a day. It is critical that the splint be kept on at all times during the first 3-4 weeks, even while bathing. The only time the splint is removed is for cleaning the splint and finger once a day. It is imperative that the finger remain straight when taking the splint off to clean it, as any time spent bent may impair or prolong healing.

• #53 Mallet Finger In Children | Children’s Hospital Colorado

  https://www.childrenscolorado.org/conditions-and-advice/conditions-and-symptoms/conditions/mallet-finger/

  Most mallet fingers are treated by wearing a splint on the finger for up to eight weeks. The splint keeps the finger straight so the tendon can heal. This treatment is only successful if the splint is worn all the time and only a specially trained provider can remove or change the splint. […] If surgery is necessary to repair the mallet finger: […] The surgery will be done in the operating room under general anesthesia (the child is put to sleep). […] The finger is put in the correct position. Small pins, wires or screws are used to hold the bone straight while the tendon heals. […] After surgery, the hand will have a bandage, and sometimes there will be a splint or cast over the bandage. […] The child is usually able to go home the same day. […] Our Hand and Upper Extremity Program at Children’s Colorado provides a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach to the care of your child. This means you have access to leading specialists from multiple departments who work together to treat your child. […] Your child’s care team includes pediatric experts from orthopedic surgery, physical medicine, rehabilitation, occupational therapy and nursing.

• #54 Hand to Shoulder Center of Wisconsin | Mallet Finger

  https://handtoshoulderwisconsin.com/our-specialties/hand/mallet-finger/

  Once the splint is worn for the 6-8 week duration, it is removed and rehabilitation exercises may be ordered by your surgeon. An occupational or physical therapist may work closely with you to restore motion and improve the strength of your injured finger. […] In more complex injuries that include a significant fracture, surgery for your mallet finger may be warranted. This often involves the surgeon placing a pin through the fractured bone and end joint of the finger. A splint is also worn to protect the surgically treated digit. Depending on the rate of healing, the pins may be needed for 4-6 weeks. […] Usual outcomes with a typical mallet finger are very good with return to full activities common.

• #55 How to manage my mallet finger – GC Hand Therapy

  https://gchandtherapy.com/how-to-manage-my-mallet-finger-or-thumb-injury/

  Your finger may not be completely straight after this injury, this is always the therapy goal however there can still be a slight bend at the tip no matter how diligent you are with your splinting. […] It would be advised that should the lag/drop in the tip of the finger return or increase after being discharged from therapy that you should return to see your hand therapist.

• #56 Mallet Finger Treatment | Rothman Orthopaedics

  https://rothmanortho.com/specialties/treatments/non-operative-mallet-finger-treatment

  Mallet fingers rarely require surgery. The most common treatment is to place the finger in a splint for approximately six weeks. The splint will secure the finger in a straight position. The splint will also allow the torn tendon to properly heal back into the proper position. […] Upon removing the splint, the patients injured joint is usually stiff and mobility is limited. The finger will gradually regain flexibility over time. […] In many cases, patients are allowed to return to normal activities almost immediately, provided that they are wearing the protective splint. A doctor will be able to discuss which activities are and arent recommended.

• #57 Mallet Finger Treatment: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://www.melbournehandtherapy.com.au/conditions-treated/mallet-finger/

  From 6-8 weeks until 12 weeks post splinting, your therapist will guide you on continued splint weaning and progress your exercise program. It is not expected that the tendon or bone will be strong enough to return to contact/ball sports until 12 weeks post splinting. […] If the bone fragment is large enough, or there is a laceration where the skin and tendon are cut, surgery may be required. Your GP or therapist can arrange an appointment with a surgeon as required. There are a variety of surgical techniques that can be performed to treat mallet injuries depending on the nature of the injury and the time since the injury. Your surgeon will assess your injury and discuss these options with you. […] Following surgery, a custom-made splint will be fabricated to keep the tip of the finger straight while the tendon/bone and the wound heals. The splint will generally be worn full-time for 6 weeks and your therapist will then give you exercises to gradually get the finger moving and slowly wean you out of the splint.

• #58 Treatment options for mallet finger: a review – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21042117/

  Mallet finger is a common injury. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the different treatment options of mallet injuries and their indications, outcomes, and potential complications. […] There are many variations in the design of splints; there are, however, only a few studies that compare the type of splints with one another. Splinting appears to be effective in uncomplicated and complicated cases. Equal results have been reported for early and delayed splinting therapy. To internally fixate a mallet finger, many different techniques have been reported; however, none of these studies examined their comparisons in a controlled setting. In chronic mallet injuries, a tenodermodesis followed by splinting or a tenotomy of the central slip is usually performed. If pain and impairment persist despite previous surgical corrective attempts, an arthrodesis of the distal interphalangeal joint should be performed.

• #59 Mallet Finger: What It Is and How to Treat It | University of Utah Health

  https://healthcare.utah.edu/healthfeed/2024/05/mallet-finger-what-it-and-how-treat-it

  Mallet finger, also known as baseball finger, is an injury to the last joint on your finger that causes a deformity where the finger appears crooked or drooping. […] If you have the following symptoms after a finger injury, see a doctor as soon as you can, ideally within a few days of the injury: Inability to straighten the finger, A drooping appearance of the fingertip, Pain, swelling, or bruising around the area, Blood collecting underneath the nail, Detached fingernail. […] Luckily, most mallet finger injuries are treatable without surgery. The severity of your injury will determine your treatment, but it will likely include the following: Splinting: A common treatment is wearing a finger splint that keeps the fingertip in an extended position. This allows the tendon to heal properly or the fracture to seal itself. You will likely need to wear the splint full-time for several weeks.

• #60 Mallet Finger: What It Is and How to Treat It | University of Utah Health

  https://healthcare.utah.edu/healthfeed/2024/05/mallet-finger-what-it-and-how-treat-it

  Cold Therapy: Cold therapy helps reduce swelling and pain. Apply an ice pack to your finger with some kind of barrier, like a towel. Keep the ice on the injury for 15 minutes at a time. […] Elevation also helps reduce swelling and pain. Try to keep your finger above your heart, especially in the first few days after the injury. […] Rest: Avoid using your injured hand and stop doing the activity that caused the injury until you are fully healed and cleared by a doctor. […] Surgery: Rarely, surgery is needed to repair a mallet finger. This is usually only needed if there is a significant fracture or tendon damage. Occasionally, pins are needed to hold the bones in the right position. […] With prompt and proper medical treatment, most people with a mallet finger injury make full recoveries and can resume normal activities after a few weeks of healing. […] Your doctor may suggest physical therapy exercises that will relieve stiffness and strengthen the muscles in your hand after inactivity during recovery.

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