Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) – Symptoms, causes, treatment | National Kidney Foundation

  https://www.kidney.org/kidney-topics/focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis-fsgs

  Learn about FSGS, a kidney disease causing scarring in glomeruli. Understand its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. Stay informed about managing FSGS. […] Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis affects both children and adults. Males are affected slightly more often than females, and it occurs more frequently in African Americans. […] FSGS can cause nephrotic syndrome. […] The type of treatment you get depends on the cause. Everyone is different and your doctor will make a treatment plan that is right for your type of FSGS. Usually, treatments for FSGS include corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, plasmapheresis, ACE inhibitors and ARBs, diuretics, and diet change. […] FSGS is a chronic disease, because the scarred glomeruli cannot be repaired. Treatment can slow the process of kidney disease. Everyone is different in how they respond to treatment. Over time, some patients with FSGS gradually get worse until they reach kidney failure. If this occurs, they will need a kidney transplant or dialysis to stay alive. Some people respond well to treatment and may live with the disease for many years while being monitored for any signs of change.

• #1 Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/distonia-focal/

  Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) results from scar tissue that develops in the glomeruli. […] FSGS is a serious condition that can lead to kidney failure, which can only be treated with dialysis or kidney transplant. Treatment options for FSGS depend on the type you have. […] FSGS can be caused by a variety of conditions, such as diabetes, sickle cell disease, other kidney diseases and obesity. […] Treatment for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) depends on the type and the cause. […] Depending on symptoms, medicines to treat FSGS might include: An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB). […] For people who have kidney failure, treatments include dialysis and kidney transplant. […] The following lifestyle changes can help keep the kidneys healthier: Don’t use medicines that can damage your kidneys. […] Be active on most days. Being active is good for your health.

• #1 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532272/

  Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is histologically characterized by segmental scarring that affects only a portion of the glomerulus and involves some, but not all, glomeruli in a biopsy sample. […] Accurate identification of the underlying etiology is crucial for guiding treatment decisions, predicting prognosis, and assessing transplant risks. […] Patients with FSGS may present with clinical features of nephrotic or nephritic syndrome or renal insufficiency. Nephrotic syndrome is the most common clinical manifestation of FSGS, occurring in over 70% of patients. […] Diagnosis requires histopathological confirmation, as proteinuria, low serum albumin, and casts on urinalysis can support clinical suspicion. This activity reviews the evaluation and management of FSGS and emphasizes the crucial role of the interprofessional healthcare team in optimizing care for patients with this condition.

• #1 Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000478.htm

  Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is scar tissue in the filtering unit of the kidney. This structure is called the glomerulus. The glomeruli serve as filters that help the body get rid of harmful substances. Each kidney has thousands of glomeruli. […] Symptoms may include: Foamy urine (from excess protein in the urine), Poor appetite, Swelling, called generalized edema, from fluids held in the body, Weight gain. […] The health care provider will perform a physical exam. This exam may show tissue swelling (edema) and high blood pressure. Signs of kidney (renal) failure and excess fluid may develop as the condition gets worse. […] Treatments may include: Medicines to reduce the body’s inflammatory response, Medicines to lower blood pressure. Some of these medicines also help reduce the amount of protein that spills into the urine, Medicines to get rid of excess fluid (diuretic or „water pill”), Low sodium diet to reduce swelling and lower blood pressure. The goal of treatment is to control the symptoms of nephrotic syndrome and prevent chronic kidney disease or failure.

• #1

  https://www.kidney.org.uk/focal-and-segmental-glomerulosclerosis

  This is a type of kidney disease, also called focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis or just focal sclerosis. […] FSGS is scarring within the kidney that can only be seen clearly under the microscope. Therefore it is normally only diagnosed after a kidney biopsy of the kidney. What you see under the microscope is that the glomeruli, which are the tiny structures which filter the blood to make urine, are scarred (or sclerosed). […] These are variable from case to case. In many cases there are no symptoms, but the damage to the glomeruli causes some protein to appear in the urine. Therefore a routine medical check may pick this up. In some cases the level of protein loss can be very high and fluid retention with ankle swelling may occur: this is called Nephrotic syndrome In other cases kidney failure can develop which may give tiredness or sickness if kidney failure is very advanced.

• #1 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis FSGS Causes & Treatment

  https://nephcure.org/intro-to-rkd/types-of-rkd/focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis-fsgs/

  FSGS is a term that describes a pattern of scarring in the kidneys. This scarring can be seen on a biopsy in patients with increased levels of protein in their urine. […] FSGS occurs in all age groups and among people from all backgrounds. There are some notable risk factors. FSGS is more common among people with: […] All forms of FSGS cause high levels of protein in the urine. This increased protein can cause the urine to appear frothy or foamy. […] Doctors diagnose FSGS using a kidney biopsy. […] Your doctor recommends treatment based on your: […] If you have primary FSGS, your doctor is likely to prescribe medicines that modify your immune system. […] Patients with FSGS benefit from supportive measures including: […] See your doctor as scheduled to monitor your kidney function and quickly address any changes.

• #1 Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fsgs/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20562383

  For possible focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), your healthcare professional reviews your medical history and orders lab tests to see how well your kidneys work. Testing may include: […] Our caring team of Mayo Clinic experts can help you with your focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (fsgs)-related health concerns Start Here […] Treatment for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) depends on the type and the cause. […] Depending on symptoms, medicines to treat FSGS might include: […] FSGS is a disease that may return. Because scarring in the glomeruli might be lifelong, you need to follow up with your healthcare team is to see how well your kidneys work. […] For focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), some basic questions to ask your healthcare professional include: […] Your healthcare professional is likely to ask you questions, such as: […] Connect with others like you for support and answers to your questions in the Transplants support group on Mayo Clinic Connect, a patient community.

• #1 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis | Treatment & Management | Point of Care

  https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/22289

  Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a common cause of nephrotic syndrome, accounting for 40% of cases in adults and 20% in children. […] The most common clinical manifestation of FSGS, observed in over 70% of patients, is nephrotic syndrome, characterized by generalized or dependent edema, fatigue, and loss of appetite. Hypertension is also common and can be severe, with diastolic blood pressure exceeding 120 mm Hg, particularly in patients of Afro-Caribbean origin. […] FSGS can be classified as primary (idiopathic), genetic, or secondary. […] Genetic testing is recommended for patients with steroid-resistant FSGS, a family history of FSGS, a history of Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma), or other systemic signs suggestive of a genetic syndrome, such as Alport syndrome, Fabry disease, or nail-patella syndrome.

• #1 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK532272/

  Apply appropriate therapies, distinguishing between immunosuppressive treatment for primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and supportive care for secondary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. […] Collaborate with nephrologists, pathologists, pharmacists, and other specialists to ensure comprehensive management of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. […] Distinguishing primary from secondary FSGS is essential, as secondary FSGS does not benefit from immunosuppression or steroids and may even be harmed by such treatments. […] Management of secondary FSGS focuses on treating the underlying condition, underscoring the importance of comprehensive serological evaluation and identifying secondary etiologies. […] The 2021 Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Glomerular Diseases provide the below-mentioned definitions for remission, relapse, resistance, and dependence in FSGS.

• #1 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21149-focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis-fsgs

  Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a rare disease that affects the filters in your kidneys. When these filters are scarred, they cant remove waste from your blood, which can lead to kidney damage and failure. Treatment for FSGS manages symptoms and prevents the disease from worsening. […] Treatment for FSGS depends on the type and cause, your age and whether you have other health conditions. The goal of treatment is to manage your symptoms to help you maintain a good quality of life and slow scarring so that it doesnt lead to kidney failure. […] In some people with secondary FSGS, treating the underlying condition may stop kidney damage from progressing. Your healthcare provider cant repair damaged glomeruli, but over time, kidney function may improve. […] FSGS is a chronic disease that cant be undone or reversed. This means treatment can only slow the progression of kidney disease, not cure you from the disease. Everyone responds differently to treatment. Some people go on to need a kidney transplant or kidney dialysis to live. […] FSGS is a rare kidney disease that can cause kidney failure in some people. Luckily, there are treatments that can help stop this disease from progressing.

• #1 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) | UNC Kidney Center

  https://unckidneycenter.org/kidneyhealthlibrary/glomerular-disease/focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis-fsgs/

  If not treated, most patients with FSGS will eventually develop complete renal failure and require dialysis or a kidney transplant to survive. […] Kidney transplant is a treatment option for these patients. […] The risk of FSGS returning in the transplanted kidney varies from 20-50%. […] Usually a return of FSGS in the transplant occurs very soon after the surgery. […] The way that FSGS causes damage to the transplanted kidney is not entirely clear. […] In addition to Plasmapheresis, use of immunosuppressive medications (different than those used to prevent rejection of the kidney) is sometimes effective. […] Unfortunately, none of these treatments are very successful at treating FSGS that returns in the transplant. […] Over half of the patients with recurrent FSGS in their transplant will lose their kidney within 5 years.

• #1 Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)

  https://www.kidneyfund.org/all-about-kidneys/other-kidney-diseases/focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis-fsgs

  FSGS can make it hard for your kidneys to filter waste, which can lead to kidney failure, also called end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). […] FSGS is a long-term (chronic) condition that cannot be reversed. Scarring can make it hard for your kidneys to filter out waste from your body. While treatments can help slow its progress, some people with FSGS eventually develop kidney failure. If this happens, you will need a kidney transplant or dialysis to live. […] The goal of treatment is to stop proteinuria, the leaking of protein into your urine. For primary FSGS, treatment usually includes: […] For all forms of FSGS, doctors recommend: Blood pressure medicines to lower the amount of protein lost and to control your blood pressure. […] Your treatment plan will be unique to you and your condition. Talk with your doctor about other medicines and your options to help treat FSGS.

• #1 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532272/

  FSGS is a common cause of nephrotic syndrome, accounting for 40% of cases in adults and 20% in children. […] These clinicians collaborate to guide care, with nurses playing a key role in coordinating activities between disciplines, assisting in patient evaluation, and providing patient counseling. […] Effective interprofessional communication is crucial, enabling seamless information exchange and collaborative decision-making among team members.

• #1 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) | UNC Kidney Center

  https://unckidneycenter.org/kidneyhealthlibrary/glomerular-disease/focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis-fsgs/

  FSGS is not an easy disease to treat. Anyone with this disease should be seen regularly by a kidney specialist, also called a nephrologist. […] It is also important for someone with either primary OR secondary FSGS to be on medication that reduces the amount of protein in the urine. These medications are called ACE-inhibitors (angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors) and ARBs (angiotensin II receptor blockers). […] Patients should receive routine cholesterol screening/treatment. Their physicians should always remember their tendency to form clots. […] Finally, every patient with FSGS should have their kidney function monitored regularly with both blood and urine studies. […] In addition to the above, many different types of drugs that suppress the immune system are also being used to treat FSGS. The most common of these are steroids.

• #1 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis | Treatment & Management | Point of Care

  https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/22289

  Healthcare providers should educate patients on the importance of managing hypertension and lipid levels, as well as understanding chronic kidney disease and the various renal replacement therapy options, such as hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and kidney transplantation. […] FSGS is a common cause of nephrotic syndrome, accounting for 40% of cases in adults and 20% in children. Due to its multiple causes and varied presentations, the condition is most effectively managed by an interprofessional healthcare team comprising a nephrologist, internist, pathologist, nurses, and pharmacist.

• #1 Subscribe Now

  http://www.rarerevolutionmagazine.com/digitalspotlight/caring-for-a-family-member-with-fsgs-a-mothers-story/

  Soizic says that doctors can show their empathy for a newly diagnosed patient by not only giving them information about the disease and its potential consequences, but also telling them that they cannot face it alone. […] Teamwork is also key to the quality of Pascalines care at hospital, Soizic says: Pascalines file is known by the whole teamnot one personand the implementation of her treatment is a team effort. […] Soizic does not find it easy to explain the enormity of the adjustment that she has had to make as a mother. […] You do not ask yourself whether you have to do it or not: it is necessary. We had to help Pascaline and make her life as easy as possible. […] Soizic stresses the importance of holistic support for people who have chronic illnesses. […] He must find the strength to bounce back and open another path to his future life. He must drive his own change.

• #1 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis – MD Searchlight

  https://mdsearchlight.com/kidney-health/focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis/

  Focal Segmental Glomerular Sclerosis (FSGS) is a condition that affects the kidneys. In children, it usually begins with a condition called nephrotic syndrome, which is characterized by swelling, excess protein in urine, low protein in the blood, and high cholesterol levels. Among adults, FSGS may present with either similar nephrotic symptoms or less severe symptoms like high blood pressure, tiny amounts of blood in urine, or reduced kidney function. […] For less severe cases, lifestyle changes like reduced salt intake and certain medications can be tried. Its also important to manage other conditions like high blood pressure, manage symptoms like swelling with water pills (diuretics), use cholesterol-lowering drugs for high cholesterol, and in some cases, use blood thinners to prevent blood clots. […] The effectiveness of treatment can vary based on age. Children often respond to treatment within a few weeks, while adults may take months to see improvement. About 30% of patients show improvements through glucocorticoids, while around half show improvement with calcineurin inhibitors.

• #1 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: Symptoms, Treatments, and Outlook

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/kidneys-and-the-urinary-system/focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis

  In cases of severe or irreversible kidney damage, you may need dialysis or a kidney transplant. […] This condition is managed by treating any potential underlying causes and then working to preserve and protect kidney function while slowing disease progression. If kidney failure does occur you may be a candidate for dialysis or a kidney transplant. […] You can work with your doctor to create a treatment plan that meets your particular needs. You may be able to manage your FSGS with lifestyle changes and medications.

• #1 FSGS | Children’s Hospital Colorado

  https://www.childrenscolorado.org/conditions-and-advice/conditions-and-symptoms/conditions/focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis/

  The treatment of FSGS in children is highly specialized and often complex. […] The Kidney Center at Childrens Colorado has the only pediatric dialysis and kidney transplant programs in the region. From testing and diagnosis to kidney transplantation, all these factors help make us the optimal choice for comprehensive pediatric FSGS care.

• #1 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis – MD Searchlight

  https://mdsearchlight.com/kidney-health/focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis/

  Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis, also known as FSGS, is a kidney disease that seems to be increasing in prevalence worldwide. It is most commonly seen in people between the ages of 18 and 45, although no age is exempt. The disease has an estimated incidence of about 7 per 1 million, with an overall prevalence of 4%. The disease affects various races and regions differently. […] The disease varies a lot in how it affects people. It causes swelling, protein in urine thats difficult to treat, increased blood pressure, and gradual kidney decline. In those who dont respond to treatment, kidney failure usually occurs between 6 to 8 years after the first symptoms. However, the course of the disease can vary widely. If the disease can be put into remission, either naturally or through treatment, the odds for good kidney health are much higher. On the other hand, within the black population, the disease often leads to worse outcomes, including a specific, aggressive form of the disease that causes severe high blood pressure, a poor response to steroid treatment, excessive protein in the urine, and accelerated progression to kidney failure.

• #1 FOCAL SEGMENTAL GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS (FSGS) IN PREGNANCY: THE CASE OF A 27-YEAR-OLD WOMAN WITH NEPHROTIC SYNDROME AT 22 WEEKS OF GESTATION

  https://anzsnevents.com/18672/

  Background: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) in pregnancy has been associated with poor fetal outcomes, including preterm delivery, intrauterine growth restriction and neonatal mortality. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is one of the common causes of NS and can be primary or secondary. However, there are few case reports of FSGS diagnosed in the peripartum period and the approaches to management. […] This case highlights the strategies we utilised to manage a gravid patient presenting with nephrotic syndrome at 22 weeks gestation, where diagnosis could only be confirmed on renal biopsy in the postpartum period.

• #1 Reducing urinary protein slows kidney FSGS decline – Children’s National

  https://innovationdistrict.childrensnational.org/reducing-urinary-protein-for-patients-with-fsgs-slows-kidney-decline/

  Reducing the amount of protein in the urine of patients with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), a rare disease in which scar tissue forms on the parts of the kidneys that filter waste from the blood, can significantly slow declines in kidney function and extend time before patients kidneys fail, a new analysis by a Childrens National Hospital researcher and her colleagues shows. […] One characteristic sign of FSGS is proteinuria, in which too much protein is present in patients urine. […] More importantly, says Dr. Moxey-Mims, these patients retained significantly better kidney function over time, determined by a test called estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), compared to those whose urinary protein remained high. […] Even a modest reduction in proteinuria, as small as 20 or 30%, had an impact on these patients kidney health, Dr. Moxey-Mims says.

• #1 Subscribe Now

  http://www.rarerevolutionmagazine.com/digitalspotlight/caring-for-a-family-member-with-fsgs-a-mothers-story/

  As the interview with Soizic draws to an end, Pascaline expresses her gratitude for all that her parents have done for hersince her diagnosis, through her relapses and during her partial remission now. […] I think having people around you who even want you when youre sick is quite a determining factor in how the disease is going to evolve and if you are going to get better.

• #2 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532272/

  Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is histologically characterized by segmental scarring that affects only a portion of the glomerulus and involves some, but not all, glomeruli in a biopsy sample. […] Accurate identification of the underlying etiology is crucial for guiding treatment decisions, predicting prognosis, and assessing transplant risks. […] Patients with FSGS may present with clinical features of nephrotic or nephritic syndrome or renal insufficiency. Nephrotic syndrome is the most common clinical manifestation of FSGS, occurring in over 70% of patients. […] Diagnosis requires histopathological confirmation, as proteinuria, low serum albumin, and casts on urinalysis can support clinical suspicion. This activity reviews the evaluation and management of FSGS and emphasizes the crucial role of the interprofessional healthcare team in optimizing care for patients with this condition.

• #2 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK532272/

  Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is histologically characterized by segmental scarring that affects only a portion of the glomerulus and involves some, but not all, glomeruli in a biopsy sample. […] Accurate identification of the underlying etiology is crucial for guiding treatment decisions, predicting prognosis, and assessing transplant risks. […] Patients with FSGS may present with clinical features of nephrotic or nephritic syndrome or renal insufficiency. Nephrotic syndrome is the most common clinical manifestation of FSGS, occurring in over 70% of patients. […] This activity reviews the evaluation and management of FSGS and emphasizes the crucial role of the interprofessional healthcare team in optimizing care for patients with this condition. […] Identify the clinical features of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, including nephrotic syndrome, hypertension, and renal insufficiency, to support timely diagnosis.

• #2 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis | Treatment & Management | Point of Care

  https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/22289

  Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a common cause of nephrotic syndrome, accounting for 40% of cases in adults and 20% in children. […] The most common clinical manifestation of FSGS, observed in over 70% of patients, is nephrotic syndrome, characterized by generalized or dependent edema, fatigue, and loss of appetite. Hypertension is also common and can be severe, with diastolic blood pressure exceeding 120 mm Hg, particularly in patients of Afro-Caribbean origin. […] FSGS can be classified as primary (idiopathic), genetic, or secondary. […] Genetic testing is recommended for patients with steroid-resistant FSGS, a family history of FSGS, a history of Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma), or other systemic signs suggestive of a genetic syndrome, such as Alport syndrome, Fabry disease, or nail-patella syndrome.

• #2 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis FSGS Causes & Treatment

  https://nephcure.org/intro-to-rkd/types-of-rkd/focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis-fsgs/

  FSGS is a term that describes a pattern of scarring in the kidneys. This scarring can be seen on a biopsy in patients with increased levels of protein in their urine. […] FSGS occurs in all age groups and among people from all backgrounds. There are some notable risk factors. FSGS is more common among people with: […] All forms of FSGS cause high levels of protein in the urine. This increased protein can cause the urine to appear frothy or foamy. […] Doctors diagnose FSGS using a kidney biopsy. […] Your doctor recommends treatment based on your: […] If you have primary FSGS, your doctor is likely to prescribe medicines that modify your immune system. […] Patients with FSGS benefit from supportive measures including: […] See your doctor as scheduled to monitor your kidney function and quickly address any changes.

• #2

  https://www.kidney.org.uk/focal-and-segmental-glomerulosclerosis

  This is a type of kidney disease, also called focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis or just focal sclerosis. […] FSGS is scarring within the kidney that can only be seen clearly under the microscope. Therefore it is normally only diagnosed after a kidney biopsy of the kidney. What you see under the microscope is that the glomeruli, which are the tiny structures which filter the blood to make urine, are scarred (or sclerosed). […] These are variable from case to case. In many cases there are no symptoms, but the damage to the glomeruli causes some protein to appear in the urine. Therefore a routine medical check may pick this up. In some cases the level of protein loss can be very high and fluid retention with ankle swelling may occur: this is called Nephrotic syndrome In other cases kidney failure can develop which may give tiredness or sickness if kidney failure is very advanced.

• #2 What is focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)? – Chronic Kidney Disease Explained

  https://ckdexplained.co.uk/what-is-focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis-fsgs/

  Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is one of the 7 types of chronic glomerulonephritis (GN). […] FSGS affects both children and adults. […] Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is the commonest primary cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults, accounting for 40% of cases (and 20% in children). […] The symptoms of FSGS in the tip variant often appear quite rapidly. There is a tendency to develop severe nephrotic syndrome, with a large amount of protein in the urine. […] Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can develop (quire rapidly, i.e. months) in some patients. Some of these patients go to develop CKD5 (kidney failure), and need dialysis and/or a kidney transplant (but FSGS can sometimes come back in the new kidney). […] Diagnosis of FSGS is made through medical assessment by a kidney specialist (nephrologist), blood and urine test, and a kidney biopsy.

• #2 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis FSGS Causes & Treatment

  https://nephcure.org/intro-to-rkd/types-of-rkd/focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis-fsgs/

  Genetic testing can help you understand your risk for needing a kidney transplant and your prognosis after a transplant. […] Between 30% and 40% of FSGS patients have a recurrence of FSGS after a kidney transplant. […] Get help coping with the challenges of living with FSGS through support groups. […] Eating a kidney-friendly diet can help manage the symptoms and progression of your RKD.

• #2 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Focal-Segmental-Glomerular-Sclerosis-Diagnosis-and-Treatment.aspx

  The most common form of primary glomerular scaring is focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS). […] Nephrotic syndrome or proteinuria without any other symptoms are the clinical features of FSGS, which is a progressive disease. […] Many patients with FSGS may not have any symptoms, but swelling of the ankle and leg (i.e., edema) is a common complaint in addition to hypertension, which proves difficult to manage. […] Therapy for FSGS is aimed towards inducing total remission of urinary excretion of proteins, which leads to greater chances of preserving the long-term function of the kidney. […] It is crucial to make a distinction between primary and secondary FSGS, because different therapeutic approaches appear to be more effective in one as opposed to the other and vice versa. […] Primary FSGS is presumed to be due to dysregulation of an autoimmune response and as such, immunosuppressive agents are advocated for treating this group of patients. […] However, regardless of the etiology involved, all patients with nephrotic syndrome signs and symptoms and FSGS should be managed with diuretics, low-salt diets, and inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system.

• #2 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments

  https://www.upmc.com/services/kidney-disease/conditions/fsgs

  Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) happens when scar tissue develops in the glomeruli, some of your kidneys filtering units. The scarring prevents your kidneys from filtering waste from your blood, which can cause kidney damage over time and eventually lead to kidney failure. FSGS can affect children and adults, and the cause is often unknown. […] Our team will develop a treatment plan to manage your FSGS symptoms and reduce your risk of complications. […] FSGS prognosis varies depending on the type you have, the cause, the severity of symptoms, and your age. Without treatment, FSGS is life-threatening and may lead to kidney failure. Even with treatment, some people with FSGS may eventually need dialysis or a kidney transplant. […] There’s no cure for FSGS. However, the goals of treatment are to help you manage symptoms and maintain an optimal quality of life, protect your kidneys, slow the progression of the disease, and treat the underlying cause if it can be identified. […] Improving your overall health may help to slow the progression of FSGS or reduce your risk of complications. […] If you have FSGS that has caused kidney failure, a kidney transplant may be the key to getting you back to your healthy life.

• #2 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532272/

  The 2021 Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Glomerular Diseases provide the below-mentioned definitions for remission, relapse, resistance, and dependence in FSGS. […] According to the KDIGO 2021 Clinical Practice Guidelines, corticosteroids remain the cornerstone of treatment for FSGS. […] Patients with a genetic etiology are more likely to have steroid- and immunosuppressant-resistant disease. […] FSGS is the leading primary glomerular disorder causing ESRD. […] Most graft losses occur within the first 2 years after transplantation, with therapeutic plasmapheresis recommended as a first-line treatment, particularly when significant proteinuria is present. […] Healthcare providers should educate patients on the importance of managing hypertension and lipid levels, as well as understanding chronic kidney disease and the various renal replacement therapy options, such as hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and kidney transplantation.

• #2 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK532272/

  Apply appropriate therapies, distinguishing between immunosuppressive treatment for primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and supportive care for secondary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. […] Collaborate with nephrologists, pathologists, pharmacists, and other specialists to ensure comprehensive management of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. […] Distinguishing primary from secondary FSGS is essential, as secondary FSGS does not benefit from immunosuppression or steroids and may even be harmed by such treatments. […] Management of secondary FSGS focuses on treating the underlying condition, underscoring the importance of comprehensive serological evaluation and identifying secondary etiologies. […] The 2021 Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Glomerular Diseases provide the below-mentioned definitions for remission, relapse, resistance, and dependence in FSGS.

• #2 Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)

  https://www.kidneyfund.org/all-about-kidneys/other-kidney-diseases/focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis-fsgs

  FSGS can make it hard for your kidneys to filter waste, which can lead to kidney failure, also called end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). […] FSGS is a long-term (chronic) condition that cannot be reversed. Scarring can make it hard for your kidneys to filter out waste from your body. While treatments can help slow its progress, some people with FSGS eventually develop kidney failure. If this happens, you will need a kidney transplant or dialysis to live. […] The goal of treatment is to stop proteinuria, the leaking of protein into your urine. For primary FSGS, treatment usually includes: […] For all forms of FSGS, doctors recommend: Blood pressure medicines to lower the amount of protein lost and to control your blood pressure. […] Your treatment plan will be unique to you and your condition. Talk with your doctor about other medicines and your options to help treat FSGS.

• #2 How to treat recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis after kidney transplantation in children

  https://chikd.org/journal/view.php?number=819

  Recurrence threatens the graft function and affects the overall mortality and quality of life. […] Nevertheless, not every patient with FSGS will experience recurrence after transplantation, and the risk differs based on multiple factors. […] Moreover, recent progress in managing recurrence, including intensive plasmapheresis and immunosuppressive treatments like rituximab, has enhanced remission rates. […] Consequently, it is crucial to identify patients at high risk of recurrence and to implement timely management strategies to optimize outcomes. […] The primary treatment involves plasmapheresis or immunoadsorption to eliminate circulating permeability factors. […] Initiating early therapy is crucial to averting irreversible glomerular damage. […] The CERTAIN group suggested that the initial approaches should include plasmapheresis or immunoadsorption, rituximab, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin II receptor blocker (ACEI/ARB) therapy.

• #2 Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/6D453B12-AB03-56D0-E2A2AD810D198A95

  Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a disease in which scar tissue develops on the glomeruli, the small parts of the kidneys that filter waste from the blood. FSGS is a serious condition that can lead to kidney failure, which can only be treated with dialysis or kidney transplant. Treatment options for FSGS depend on the type you have. […] Treatment for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) depends on the type and the cause. […] Depending on symptoms, medicines to treat FSGS might include: An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB). These can lower blood pressure and reduce protein in the urine. […] FSGS is a disease that may return. Because scarring in the glomeruli might be lifelong, you need to follow up with your healthcare team is to see how well your kidneys work. […] For people who have kidney failure, treatments include dialysis and kidney transplant. […] The following lifestyle changes can help keep the kidneys healthier: Don’t use medicines that can damage your kidneys. […] Ask your healthcare team what types of exercise and how much exercise you can do.

• #2 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis | Treatment & Management | Point of Care

  https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/22289

  Healthcare providers should educate patients on the importance of managing hypertension and lipid levels, as well as understanding chronic kidney disease and the various renal replacement therapy options, such as hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, and kidney transplantation. […] FSGS is a common cause of nephrotic syndrome, accounting for 40% of cases in adults and 20% in children. Due to its multiple causes and varied presentations, the condition is most effectively managed by an interprofessional healthcare team comprising a nephrologist, internist, pathologist, nurses, and pharmacist.

• #2 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/245915-questions-and-answers

  Nonspecific general management includes control hypertension, including pharmacotherapy (eg, diuretics, antihypertensives), reduce lipid levels, reduce daily salt and protein intake, and maintain adequate nutrition, minimize/eliminate proteinuria, prevent complications from edema. […] For primary FSGS, current evidence favors corticosteroid therapy: high-doses for 4 to 16 weeks, to induce remission, followed by tapering, for a total of 6 months of treatment. […] Management of secondary FSGS is also directed toward the etiology or associated disorder, such as HIV-associated FSGS: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART); corticosteroids. […] Some patients with FSGS continue to deteriorate and progress to ESKD. Treatment options include maintenance hemodialysis, continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, and cadaver or living donor kidney transplantation. […] Educate patients about chronic kidney disease, control of hypertension and lipids, and options for renal replacement therapy, such as peritoneal dialysis, hemodialysis, and kidney transplantation.

• #2 Subscribe Now

  http://www.rarerevolutionmagazine.com/digitalspotlight/caring-for-a-family-member-with-fsgs-a-mothers-story/

  As the interview with Soizic draws to an end, Pascaline expresses her gratitude for all that her parents have done for hersince her diagnosis, through her relapses and during her partial remission now. […] I think having people around you who even want you when youre sick is quite a determining factor in how the disease is going to evolve and if you are going to get better.

• #2 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/books/NBK532272/

  According to the KDIGO 2021 Clinical Practice Guidelines, corticosteroids remain the cornerstone of treatment for FSGS. […] Patients with a genetic etiology are more likely to have steroid- and immunosuppressant-resistant disease. […] FSGS is the leading primary glomerular disorder causing ESRD. […] A strategic approach is essential, utilizing evidence-based strategies to optimize treatment plans and minimize adverse effects. […] Effective interprofessional communication is crucial, enabling seamless information exchange and collaborative decision-making among team members. […] Care coordination is vital in ensuring that the patient’s journey from diagnosis to treatment and follow-up is well-managed, minimizing errors and enhancing patient safety.

• #2 Optimal management of primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in ad | IJNRD

  https://www.dovepress.com/optimal-management-of-primary-focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis-in-ad-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJNRD

  Regardless of the clinical form of FSGS, conservative treatment is recommended even though no randomized trials have been conducted. The recommendation to control blood pressure and proteinuria by using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-II receptor blockers in patients with FSGS has been extrapolated from studies that have shown improvement in proteinuria and long-term kidney function in other proteinuria-related kidney diseases. […] Oral corticosteroids are the main treatment for FSGS. This strategy is the first-line therapy for patients with proteinuria within nephrotic range; however, evidence for this approach is based on nonrandomized and often retrospective studies conducted with different designs, different populations, different corticosteroid dosages, and different follow-up periods and frequently includes the use of additional immunosuppressive treatments. Altogether, the cumulative remission rate with steroid therapy ranges between 40% and 60%.

• #2 Autoimmune Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health

  https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/services/transplant/disot/fsgs.html

  Autoimmune FSGS can be treated with diet changes, medicines, and high doses of immunosuppressive drugs and corticosteroids given intravenously to suppress the immune system. […] If your child’s kidneys fail, he or she will need to undergo regular dialysis treatments, which can be done at an infusion center or at home. The dialysis machine removes waste from your child’s blood. However, dialysis cannot replace real kidneys, which work 24 hours a day, so your child will eventually need a kidney transplant. […] We have researched, developed, and had initial success with a two-transplant approach to treating autoimmune FSGS called dual immune/solid organ transplant (DISOT). […] DISOT is a stem cell transplant, which provides your child with a new immune system, followed by a kidney transplant from the same donor, usually a parent.

• #2 How to treat recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis after kidney transplantation in children

  https://chikd.org/journal/view.php?number=819

  Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS), a significant cause of kidney failure in children, is a common pathological diagnosis in cases of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, especially steroid-resistant ones. […] FSGS has the potential to recur after kidney transplantation, often leading to graft loss. […] Moreover, advancements in management, including intensive plasmapheresis and immunosuppressive therapies like rituximab, have increased remission rates in cases of recurrence. […] Identifying patients at high risk of recurrence, such as those with an initial treatment response or previous failed transplantation, is crucial. […] These children require close monitoring of proteinuria and prompt, intensive treatment upon recurrence to improve outcomes. […] FSGS presents a major challenge in kidney transplantation due to its tendency to recur in the transplanted kidney, with recurrence rates reported to be as high as 60%.

• #2 FSGS | Focal Glomerulosclerosis | Lurie Children’s

  https://www.luriechildrens.org/en/specialties-conditions/fsgs/

  Focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS) is not a single disease, but a pattern of kidney damage. […] FSGS is a severe form of nephrotic syndrome, and while no cure currently exists, medical care can improve the patients quality of life. It is important to try to reduce the amount of protein escaping from the kidneys, and ways to do that include a low sodium diet and avoiding non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to help protect the kidneys. […] These may be prescribed. However, FSGS is associated with a steroid-resistant gene, so most children with FSGS do not respond to any immunosuppressant therapy. […] If the patients condition continues to worsen, kidney failure may occur, and a kidney transplant would be needed. […] In some patients with FSGS, the condition can recur after kidney transplantation, sometimes as quickly as a few days.

• #2 Does Pre-Eclampsia Predispose Patients to the Development of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis? “The Chicken or the Egg?” | ClinMed International Library | Journal of Clinical Nephrology and Renal Care |

  http://clinmedjournals.org/articles/jcnrc/journal-of-clinical-nephrology-and-renal-care-jcnrc-2-012.php?jid=jcnrc

  Pre-eclampsia is the most common medical complication of pregnancy affecting 3-5% of pregnancies worldwide. […] The development of further glomerular lesions, notably focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) following pre-eclampsia, has previously been described, and is an association that is increasingly recognized. […] We also discuss current concepts in our understanding of the pathophysiology behind the complex relationship between podocyte injury in pregnancy and subsequent FSGS lesions in some women. […] It is postulated that the podocytopathy seen in FSGS in these women post-partum can be a progression of the initial podocyte-induced damage in pre-eclampsia- once again contravening the traditional concept of pre-eclampsia as a disease with clinical ramifications limited to pregnancy and the peri-partum period.

• #2 Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) – Symptoms, causes, treatment | National Kidney Foundation

  https://www.kidney.org/kidney-topics/focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis-fsgs

  Learn about FSGS, a kidney disease causing scarring in glomeruli. Understand its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options. Stay informed about managing FSGS. […] Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis affects both children and adults. Males are affected slightly more often than females, and it occurs more frequently in African Americans. […] FSGS can cause nephrotic syndrome. […] The type of treatment you get depends on the cause. Everyone is different and your doctor will make a treatment plan that is right for your type of FSGS. Usually, treatments for FSGS include corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, plasmapheresis, ACE inhibitors and ARBs, diuretics, and diet change. […] FSGS is a chronic disease, because the scarred glomeruli cannot be repaired. Treatment can slow the process of kidney disease. Everyone is different in how they respond to treatment. Over time, some patients with FSGS gradually get worse until they reach kidney failure. If this occurs, they will need a kidney transplant or dialysis to stay alive. Some people respond well to treatment and may live with the disease for many years while being monitored for any signs of change.

• #2 Reducing urinary protein slows kidney FSGS decline – Children’s National

  https://innovationdistrict.childrensnational.org/reducing-urinary-protein-for-patients-with-fsgs-slows-kidney-decline/

  Similarly, she says, patients with FSGS and their doctors should view any proteinuria reduction as a positive. […] They shouldnt be discouraged if they cant reach full remission, Dr. Moxey-Mims says. Doctors and patients alike can feel reassured that if theyre reducing protein in the urine to some degree, then patients are getting some benefit.

• #2 Understand More about Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) — Know Rare

  https://www.knowrare.com/blog-v2/measuring-patient-reported-outcomes-in-fsgs

  Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are tools to help healthcare providers quantify outcomes that are important to the patient. […] For example, your healthcare provider likely monitors your Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) by measuring biomarkers in your urine and blood. […] Patient-reported outcome measures provide a missing link. They help healthcare providers understand the impact of living with a disease on terms that matter to you. […] FSGS-specific PRO tools are still being researched and are not yet used as standards of care for people with FSGS. But even without a standardized tool, you should feel comfortable discussing how FSGS impacts you in daily life with your provider. […] The development of tools such as PROMs is going to help deliver better care for people like you living with FSGS.

• #3 FSGS | Children’s Hospital Colorado

  https://www.childrenscolorado.org/conditions-and-advice/conditions-and-symptoms/conditions/focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis/

  Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a kidney disease associated with scarring (sclerosis) of the glomeruli, parts of the tiny filtering units of the kidneys. […] FSGS is a type of nephrotic syndrome, which is characterized by extra protein in the urine, decreased kidney function and some degree of body swelling. […] FSGS can affect individuals of all ages, genders and ethnicities. However, it is more common in males and African Americans. […] FSGS is a type of nephrotic syndrome, which is diagnosed by blood and urine testing as well as a physical examination. […] We confirm a diagnosis if the kidney biopsy shows the kind of scarring in the filtering units of the kidneys that is associated with FSGS. […] Treatment for FSGS will differ depending on what your childs medical team determines to be causing the condition.

• #3 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis – MD Searchlight

  https://mdsearchlight.com/kidney-health/focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis/

  Focal Segmental Glomerular Sclerosis (FSGS) is a common condition that can often lead to a health issue called nephrotic syndrome. This syndrome is found in about 40% of adults and 20% of children with FSGS. In this disease, some parts of the kidneys, known as glomeruli, are damaged, but not all. Its a widely seen cause of kidney damage in adults. There are two types of FSGS, primary (where the cause is unknown), or secondary, caused by infections, medications, changes in blood flow in the kidneys, and genetic aspects. […] FSGS symptoms include nephrotic syndrome (marked by swelling, fatigue, and loss of appetite) and are seen in over 70% of patients. High blood pressure is another common symptom, which can become severe, especially in people of Afro-Caribbean origin, who also have kidney insufficiency.

• #3 FSGS – RKD – About the Disease & Find Resources

  https://travere.com/our-science/therapeutic-areas/focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis-fsgs/

  Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) refers to scarring (sclerosis) of the glomeruli – blood vessels in the kidneys that filter wastes and excess fluids from the blood. The condition occurs in children and adults and is due to diverse causes. FSGS can lead to decline in kidney function and progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), also known as kidney failure. […] FSGS damages cells in the glomeruli called podocytes. In a healthy environment, podocytes are a critical part of the barrier between blood vessels and urine, restricting large molecules like proteins from filtering through into the urine. Damage to the podocytes makes this barrier permeable causing proteins to leak into the urine (proteinuria or albuminuria). Proteinuria can make urine appear foamy. […] FSGS can also cause swelling (edema), especially in the hands, feet, abdomen and around the eyes; and low levels of protein in the blood (hypoalbuminemia). The condition can also cause high blood pressure and high cholesterol. A definitive diagnosis typically requires blood and urine tests and a kidney biopsy. […] Treatment aims to reduce proteinuria to induce a complete or partial remission which is important for long-term preservation of kidney function. There are no medications specifically approved for FSGS.

• #3 Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/6D453B12-AB03-56D0-E2A2AD810D198A95

  Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a disease in which scar tissue develops on the glomeruli, the small parts of the kidneys that filter waste from the blood. FSGS is a serious condition that can lead to kidney failure, which can only be treated with dialysis or kidney transplant. Treatment options for FSGS depend on the type you have. […] Treatment for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) depends on the type and the cause. […] Depending on symptoms, medicines to treat FSGS might include: An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB). These can lower blood pressure and reduce protein in the urine. […] FSGS is a disease that may return. Because scarring in the glomeruli might be lifelong, you need to follow up with your healthcare team is to see how well your kidneys work. […] For people who have kidney failure, treatments include dialysis and kidney transplant. […] The following lifestyle changes can help keep the kidneys healthier: Don’t use medicines that can damage your kidneys. […] Ask your healthcare team what types of exercise and how much exercise you can do.

• #3 Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis-fsgs

  Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a disease in which scar tissue develops on the glomeruli, the small parts of the kidneys that filter waste from the blood. FSGS can be caused by a variety of conditions. […] FSGS is a serious condition that can lead to kidney failure, which can only be treated with dialysis or kidney transplant. Treatment options for FSGS depend on the type you have. […] Treatment for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) depends on the type and the cause. […] Depending on symptoms, medicines to treat FSGS might include: An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB). These can lower blood pressure and reduce protein in the urine. […] FSGS is a disease that may return. Because scarring in the glomeruli might be lifelong, you need to follow up with your healthcare team is to see how well your kidneys work. […] For people who have kidney failure, treatments include dialysis and kidney transplant.

• #3 Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) – AAKP

  https://aakp.org/center-for-patient-research-and-education/causes-of-kidney-disease/fsgs/

  Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a type of glomerular disease and results in scarring (sclerosis) in your kidney. […] Close follow-up care with your healthcare provider is extremely important to help maintain the health of your kidneys. […] Yes, there are some lifestyle modifications that can help support healthy kidneys: Stop smoking, Follow a low sodium / low protein diet, Be Active, Avoid medications that can harm kidneys such as NSAIDS, Maintain a healthy weight, Take daily vitamins (such as Vitamin D). […] There are two treatment options for kidney failure. Together, you and your healthcare provider will discuss which treatment option is best for you.

• #3 Subscribe Now

  http://www.rarerevolutionmagazine.com/digitalspotlight/caring-for-a-family-member-with-fsgs-a-mothers-story/

  Caring for a family member with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS): a mothers story […] In 2014, Pascaline was diagnosed with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) at the age of 27, and her ill health soon forced her to return home to the care of her mother, Soizic, and father. […] Watching the time and care with which the doctor explained matters immediately brought it home to Soizic that she and her daughter were facing something serious. […] Soizic says that Pascalines understanding of her alarming state of health grew quickly in the month that followed as they both researched more about the condition on the internet […] At the time of diagnosis with something like this, if you are alone, you do not hear half of what is being said. […] Soizic highlights how empathy and sensitivity are as important as professional competence in inspiring people to take care of themselves and advocate for their own needs. […] For patients to be up to the task of taking care of themselves, they need to be supported by their doctor.

• #3

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11136-025-03951-w

  Adults with FSGS experienced heightened levels of depression and anxiety, as well as negative impacts to work productivity among those employed, compared to external controls without the disease. […] The present study contributes valuable information to the limited existing literature about the humanistic impact of FSGS on patients, as well as completely new insights regarding the disease’s impact on care-partners/caregivers of both adult and pediatric patients. […] These results underscore the need for effective therapies which alleviate patients’ burdensome FSGS symptoms to reduce the negative impacts to their lives, as well as the importance of support for the care-partners and caregivers.

• #3 Subscribe Now

  http://www.rarerevolutionmagazine.com/digitalspotlight/caring-for-a-family-member-with-fsgs-a-mothers-story/

  Soizic says that doctors can show their empathy for a newly diagnosed patient by not only giving them information about the disease and its potential consequences, but also telling them that they cannot face it alone. […] Teamwork is also key to the quality of Pascalines care at hospital, Soizic says: Pascalines file is known by the whole teamnot one personand the implementation of her treatment is a team effort. […] Soizic does not find it easy to explain the enormity of the adjustment that she has had to make as a mother. […] You do not ask yourself whether you have to do it or not: it is necessary. We had to help Pascaline and make her life as easy as possible. […] Soizic stresses the importance of holistic support for people who have chronic illnesses. […] He must find the strength to bounce back and open another path to his future life. He must drive his own change.

• #3 How to treat recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis after kidney transplantation in children

  https://chikd.org/journal/view.php?number=819

  Recurrence threatens the graft function and affects the overall mortality and quality of life. […] Nevertheless, not every patient with FSGS will experience recurrence after transplantation, and the risk differs based on multiple factors. […] Moreover, recent progress in managing recurrence, including intensive plasmapheresis and immunosuppressive treatments like rituximab, has enhanced remission rates. […] Consequently, it is crucial to identify patients at high risk of recurrence and to implement timely management strategies to optimize outcomes. […] The primary treatment involves plasmapheresis or immunoadsorption to eliminate circulating permeability factors. […] Initiating early therapy is crucial to averting irreversible glomerular damage. […] The CERTAIN group suggested that the initial approaches should include plasmapheresis or immunoadsorption, rituximab, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin II receptor blocker (ACEI/ARB) therapy.

• #3 FSGS: Exploring Challenges, Investigating Treatments | Kidney Transplant Program

  https://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/service/k/kidney-transplant/professionals/fsgs-case

  We offer a case study in pre- and post-transplant focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). […] FSGS is one of the most common causes of end-stage renal disease in children and is associated with particularly high pre- and post-transplant morbidity. Most important, the disease recurs in approximately one-third of all cases, typically soon after transplantation, and can lead to graft loss. […] Strategies to prevent or treat recurrent FSGS remain controversial and substantially resource-intense and include plasmapheresis and anti-CD20 antibody (rituximab) infusions, in addition to standard post-transplant care including immunosuppression. […] Once chronic kidney disease has progressed significantly and nephrosis is treatment-resistant, native nephrectomies are performed to curtail urinary protein loss and allow early detection of post-transplant FSGS recurrence. […] Extensive counseling and additional support are provided to patients and their families, preparing them for the potentially extremely complicated course of the disease. […] If there is evidence of FSGS recurrence, pheresis is resumed post-transplant and augmented by rituximab therapy.

• #3 Does Pre-Eclampsia Predispose Patients to the Development of Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis? “The Chicken or the Egg?” | ClinMed International Library | Journal of Clinical Nephrology and Renal Care |

  http://clinmedjournals.org/articles/jcnrc/journal-of-clinical-nephrology-and-renal-care-jcnrc-2-012.php?jid=jcnrc

  These cases illustrate the potentially complex relationship between intrinsic renal disease and pre-eclampsia as well as the emerging evidence that pre-eclampsia and associated podocytopathy may well pre-dispose some women to de novo renal disease by triggering long term injury that increases the risk of FSGS lesions. […] Furthermore, pre-eclampsia can potentially predispose women to the development of FSGS via a mechanism of podocyte induced injury that extends well beyond the pregnancy milieu to which traditional clinical models of pre-eclampsia have been limited. […] This case series highlights that pre-eclampsia is a systemic stressor which does not necessarily have an entirely benign course post pregnancy.

• #4 Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) – Hancock Health

  https://www.hancockhealth.org/mayo-health-library/focal-segmental-glomerulosclerosis-fsgs/

  Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a disease in which scar tissue develops on the glomeruli, the small parts of the kidneys that filter waste from the blood. FSGS is a serious condition that can lead to kidney failure, which can only be treated with dialysis or kidney transplant. Treatment for focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) depends on the type and the cause. […] Depending on symptoms, medicines to treat FSGS might include: An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor or an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB). These can lower blood pressure and reduce protein in the urine. Medicines to lower cholesterol levels. People with FSGS often have high cholesterol. Medicines to help the body get rid of salt and water, called diuretics. These can improve blood pressure and swelling. Medicines to lower the body’s immune response. For primary FSGS, these medicines may stop the immune system from damaging the kidneys. These medicines include corticosteroids. They can have serious side effects, so they’re used with caution.

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