Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Tuberculosis – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tuberculosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351250

  When TB germs survive and multiply in the lungs, it is called a TB infection. A TB infection may be in one of three stages. Symptoms are different in each stage. […] Most people don’t have symptoms during a primary infection. Some people may get flu-like symptoms, such as: Low fever. Tiredness. Cough. […] Symptoms of active TB disease in the lungs usually begin gradually and worsen over a few weeks. They may include: Cough. Coughing up blood or mucus. Chest pain. Pain with breathing or coughing. Fever. Chills. Night sweats. Weight loss. Not wanting to eat. Tiredness. Not feeling well in general. […] TB infection can spread from the lungs to other parts of the body. This is called extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Symptoms vary depending on what part of the body is infected. Common symptoms may include: Fever. Chills. Night sweats. Weight loss. Not wanting to eat. Tiredness. Not feeling well in general. Pain near the site of infection.

• #2 Stages and progression of TB

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/stages-of-tb

  Many people with tuberculosis stay in the latent infection stage, but some develop the active disease. Both stages are treatable. […] After the primary infection, most people enter an inactive infection stage where they experience no symptoms and cannot spread the disease. Others develop TB disease, or an active infection, which causes symptoms and can spread. […] An active TB infection, or TB disease, occurs when the TB bacterium grows and attacks the lungs or other parts of the body. This happens because the immune system cannot fight the bacterium effectively. TB disease causes symptoms and can spread to others. […] Symptoms can include: a cough that lasts for 3 or more weeks, appetite loss, unintentional weight loss, sweating at night, fever, chills, coughing up mucus or blood, bone pain.

• #3 Signs and Symptoms of Tuberculosis | Tuberculosis (TB) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/tb/signs-symptoms/index.html

  Symptoms of active tuberculosis (TB) disease depend on where the TB germs are growing in the body. […] Common symptoms of active TB disease include cough, pain in the chest, and coughing up blood or sputum (phlegm). […] Symptoms of active TB disease depend on where in the body the TB germs are growing. TB germs usually grow in the lungs (pulmonary TB). […] Active TB disease in the lungs may cause symptoms such as: A bad cough that lasts 3 weeks or longer, Pain in the chest, Coughing up blood or sputum (phlegm) from deep inside the lungs. […] Other symptoms of active TB disease are: Weakness or fatigue, Weight loss, No appetite, Chills, Fever, and Sweating at night. […] Symptoms of active TB disease in other parts of the body depend on the area affected: TB disease of the lymph nodes may cause a firm red or purple swelling under the skin. TB disease of the kidney may cause blood in the urine. TB meningitis (TB disease of the brain) may cause headache or confusion. TB disease of the spine may cause back pain. TB disease of the larynx may cause hoarseness. […] People with inactive TB do not have symptoms of TB disease. However, without treatment, they can develop active TB disease and become sick.

• #4 Stages and progression of TB

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/stages-of-tb

  TB progresses differently for people. The primary infection usually becomes a latent TB infection first. In many cases, the latent infection never progresses, but for some people, TB may be latent for weeks, months, or years before becoming active. […] An active TB infection occurs when someone’s immune system is not strong enough to fight the bacterium. Those at a higher risk of developing TB disease include anyone with weakened immune systems, including people with HIV or AIDS, young children and babies, people who received organ transplants, people with chronic conditions such as diabetes, people receiving chemotherapy or certain treatments for autoimmune disorders. […] An active TB infection, or TB disease, occurs when someone’s immune system cannot fight the bacterium effectively, and the bacterium attacks the body. TB disease can spread to others and can be fatal without treatment.

• #5 Clinical Overview of Tuberculosis Disease | Tuberculosis (TB) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/tb/hcp/clinical-overview/tuberculosis-disease.html

  The progression from latent TB infection to TB disease may occur at any time, but it is most common within the first two years of infection, or in people who have weaker immune systems because of certain medications or medical conditions (such as diabetes, cancer, or HIV). […] Without treatment, approximately 5% of persons who have been infected with TB bacteria will develop TB disease in the first two years after infection, and another 5% will develop TB disease sometime later in life.

• #6 Tuberculosis – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tuberculosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351250

  When TB germs survive and multiply in the lungs, it is called a TB infection. A TB infection may be in one of three stages. Symptoms are different in each stage. […] Most people don’t have symptoms during a primary infection. Some people may get flu-like symptoms, such as: Low fever. Tiredness. Cough. […] Symptoms of active TB disease in the lungs usually begin gradually and worsen over a few weeks. They may include: Cough. Coughing up blood or mucus. Chest pain. Pain with breathing or coughing. Fever. Chills. Night sweats. Weight loss. Not wanting to eat. Tiredness. Not feeling well in general. […] TB infection can spread from the lungs to other parts of the body. This is called extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Symptoms vary depending on what part of the body is infected. Common symptoms may include: Fever. Chills. Night sweats. Weight loss. Not wanting to eat. Tiredness. Not feeling well in general. Pain near the site of infection.

• #7 Tuberculosis (TB) – Infections – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/tuberculosis-and-related-infections/tuberculosis-tb

  More than half the time, dormant bacteria reactivate within the first 2 years after the primary infection, but they may not reactivate for a very long time, even decades. […] In a new tuberculosis infection, the bacteria may travel from the lungs to the lymph nodes that drain the lungs. […] Primary infection rarely causes symptoms, but when symptoms occur, they typically include fatigue, cough, and low-grade fever. […] Some people with active pulmonary tuberculosis have no symptoms, except for not feeling well, fatigue, loss of appetite, and weight loss. These symptoms develop gradually over several weeks. […] Cough is the most common symptom of pulmonary tuberculosis. […] People may awaken in the night and be drenched with a cold sweat, with or without fever. […] Symptoms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis are vague, usually fatigue, poor appetite, intermittent fevers, sweats, and possibly weight loss.

• #8 Tuberculosis | TB | TB Test | MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/tuberculosis.html

  Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial disease that usually attacks the lungs. But it can also attack other parts of the body, including the kidneys, spine, and brain. […] Not everyone infected with TB bacteria (germs) becomes sick. So, there are two types of TB conditions: Inactive (latent) TB infection, where the TB germs live in your body but don’t make you sick. TB disease (active TB) where you get sick from the TB germs. TB disease can almost always be cured with antibiotics. But if it’s not treated properly, it can be fatal. […] Most people who have TB germs in their bodies don’t get sick with TB disease. Instead, they have inactive TB infection. With an inactive TB infection, you: Don’t have symptoms, Can’t spread TB to others, Could get sick with active TB disease in the future if your immune system becomes weak for another reason, Need to take medicine to prevent getting sick with active TB disease in the future.

• #9

  https://www.who.int/health-topics/tuberculosis

  Common symptoms of TB disease include: […] Often, these symptoms will be mild for many months, thus leading to delays in seeking care and increasing the risk of spreading the infection to others. […] With TB infection, a person gets infected with TB bacteria that lie inactive in the body. This infection can develop into TB disease if their immune system weakens. […] People with TB infection do not show any signs or symptoms of TB.

• #10 Clinical Overview of Tuberculosis Disease | Tuberculosis (TB) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/tb/hcp/clinical-overview/tuberculosis-disease.html

  The progression from latent TB infection to TB disease may occur at any time, but it is most common within the first two years of infection, or in people who have weaker immune systems because of certain medications or medical conditions (such as diabetes, cancer, or HIV). […] Without treatment, approximately 5% of persons who have been infected with TB bacteria will develop TB disease in the first two years after infection, and another 5% will develop TB disease sometime later in life.

• #11

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tuberculosis

  Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by bacteria that most often affects the lungs. It spreads through the air when people with TB cough, sneeze or spit. […] About 510% of people infected with TB will eventually get symptoms and develop TB disease. […] TB disease occurs when bacteria multiply in the body and affect different organs. TB symptoms may be mild for many months, so it is easy to spread TB to others without knowing it. Some people with TB disease do not have any symptoms. […] Common symptoms of TB are: prolonged cough (sometimes with blood), chest pain, weakness, fatigue, weight loss, fever, night sweats. […] The symptoms people get depend on which part of the body is affected by TB. While TB usually affects the lungs, it can also involve the kidneys, brain, spine and skin.

• #12 Active Tuberculosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513246/

  Although about 90% to 95% of the people infected with M. tuberculosis do not develop the active disease and remain asymptomatic, around 5% to 10% of those infected develop the disease. […] Most exposed individuals clear the infection with the aid of innate immunity. […] About 5 % of patients develop primary active tuberculosis secondary to inadequate T-cell immunity. […] About 5-10% of patients with latent infections progress to active disease in their lifetime, most commonly in the initial two years. […] If untreated, half of those with the active disease die. […] The active disease could also result in systemic dissemination of tubercles and manifest as miliary tuberculosis, which resembles millet-shaped lesions on radiographic images of the chest. […] The primary tuberculosis infection is usually located in the middle portion of the lungs and is referred to as the Ghon focus.

• #13 Clinical Overview of Tuberculosis Disease | Tuberculosis (TB) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/tb/hcp/clinical-overview/tuberculosis-disease.html

  The progression from latent TB infection to TB disease may occur at any time, but it is most common within the first two years of infection, or in people who have weaker immune systems because of certain medications or medical conditions (such as diabetes, cancer, or HIV). […] Without treatment, approximately 5% of persons who have been infected with TB bacteria will develop TB disease in the first two years after infection, and another 5% will develop TB disease sometime later in life.

• #14 Tuberculosis Overview – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441916/

  Approximately 5% of people infected with TB develop active disease within the first 2 years after infection; an additional 5% develop the infection later. The risk factors associated with the development of active TB are immunocompromised state, tobacco use, and excessive alcohol use. The immunocompromised state may be due to the following: immune senescence of older age, genetic diseases causing immunodeficiency, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), transplantation, prolonged corticosteroid use, cytoreductive chemotherapy, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists, malnutrition, and diabetes. […] The most common mechanism leading to active disease is the reactivation of a latent focus of infection. Previously infected people are generally immune to exogenous reinfection; however, reinfection is possible when exposed to a large inoculum or if an individual is significantly immunocompromised. Determining if a person with a prior history of TB has relapsed due to endogenous reinfection (eg, a failure to eradicate prior infection) or a newly acquired exogenous reinfection is a challenge with important therapeutic and epidemiologic implications.

• #15 Tuberculosis Incubation Period: How Long it Is and Preventing Spread

  https://www.healthline.com/health/incubation-period-of-tuberculosis-disease

  Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease that can be very serious if not treated. TB can stay dormant in your body for decades, but its contagious only when you have active symptoms. […] Tuberculosis (TB) is spread through the air from one person to another and usually causes respiratory symptoms similar to the flu or pneumonia. […] You can have it in your body before developing symptoms, which is known as dormant (latent) TB. When symptoms develop, it is considered active TB. […] The incubation period for developing active tuberculosis ranges from several weeks to 2 years. This timeline can be important in considering global health resources. […] If you’re going to develop active tuberculosis, it’s most likely to cause symptoms shortly after you’ve been exposed. According to a 2018 review, the average incubation period ranges from a few weeks to 2 years.

• #16 Tuberculosis – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tuberculosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351250

  When TB germs survive and multiply in the lungs, it is called a TB infection. A TB infection may be in one of three stages. Symptoms are different in each stage. […] Most people don’t have symptoms during a primary infection. Some people may get flu-like symptoms, such as: Low fever. Tiredness. Cough. […] Symptoms of active TB disease in the lungs usually begin gradually and worsen over a few weeks. They may include: Cough. Coughing up blood or mucus. Chest pain. Pain with breathing or coughing. Fever. Chills. Night sweats. Weight loss. Not wanting to eat. Tiredness. Not feeling well in general. […] TB infection can spread from the lungs to other parts of the body. This is called extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Symptoms vary depending on what part of the body is infected. Common symptoms may include: Fever. Chills. Night sweats. Weight loss. Not wanting to eat. Tiredness. Not feeling well in general. Pain near the site of infection.

• #17 Signs and Symptoms of Tuberculosis | Tuberculosis (TB) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/tb/signs-symptoms/index.html

  Symptoms of active tuberculosis (TB) disease depend on where the TB germs are growing in the body. […] Common symptoms of active TB disease include cough, pain in the chest, and coughing up blood or sputum (phlegm). […] Symptoms of active TB disease depend on where in the body the TB germs are growing. TB germs usually grow in the lungs (pulmonary TB). […] Active TB disease in the lungs may cause symptoms such as: A bad cough that lasts 3 weeks or longer, Pain in the chest, Coughing up blood or sputum (phlegm) from deep inside the lungs. […] Other symptoms of active TB disease are: Weakness or fatigue, Weight loss, No appetite, Chills, Fever, and Sweating at night. […] Symptoms of active TB disease in other parts of the body depend on the area affected: TB disease of the lymph nodes may cause a firm red or purple swelling under the skin. TB disease of the kidney may cause blood in the urine. TB meningitis (TB disease of the brain) may cause headache or confusion. TB disease of the spine may cause back pain. TB disease of the larynx may cause hoarseness. […] People with inactive TB do not have symptoms of TB disease. However, without treatment, they can develop active TB disease and become sick.

• #18 Tuberculosis: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/11301-tuberculosis

  Your lungs are infected with tuberculosis bacteria when you have tuberculosis. […] Active TB symptoms include: Bad cough (lasting longer than two weeks), Chest pain, Coughing up blood or sputum (mucus), Fatigue or weakness, Loss of appetite, Weight loss, Chills, Fever, Night sweats. […] You won’t have symptoms if you have inactive TB. But you might have a positive TB test. […] TB can become active if your immune system becomes weakened. A weakened immune system may not be able to stop the bacteria from growing. […] Healthcare providers treat both active and inactive tuberculosis with specific kinds of antibiotics. You’ll likely need to take a combination of medications to get rid of the infection. […] You might start having more energy and fewer symptoms within a few weeks of starting treatment. But it’ll take longer than that to complete it. You’ll need to take your medications for at least six to nine months.

• #19 Tuberculosis (TB)

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tuberculosis-tb/

  Symptoms of tuberculosis (TB) usually come on gradually. […] Common symptoms include: a cough that lasts more than 3 weeks you may cough up mucus (phlegm) or mucus with blood in it, feeling tired or exhausted, a high temperature or night sweats, loss of appetite, weight loss, feeling generally unwell. […] If TB has spread to another part of your body such as your glands (lymph nodes), bones or brain, you may also have other symptoms, including: swollen glands, body aches and pains, swollen joints or ankles, tummy or pelvic pain, constipation, dark or cloudy pee, a headache, being sick, feeling confused, a stiff neck, a rash on the legs, face or other part of the body. […] Sometimes you can have TB in your body but have no symptoms. This is called latent TB. […] If you have TB and you have symptoms, it’s called active TB. […] These could be signs that tuberculosis (TB) has spread to your brain (meningitis).

• #20 Tuberculosis (TB) – Infections – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/tuberculosis-and-related-infections/tuberculosis-tb

  More than half the time, dormant bacteria reactivate within the first 2 years after the primary infection, but they may not reactivate for a very long time, even decades. […] In a new tuberculosis infection, the bacteria may travel from the lungs to the lymph nodes that drain the lungs. […] Primary infection rarely causes symptoms, but when symptoms occur, they typically include fatigue, cough, and low-grade fever. […] Some people with active pulmonary tuberculosis have no symptoms, except for not feeling well, fatigue, loss of appetite, and weight loss. These symptoms develop gradually over several weeks. […] Cough is the most common symptom of pulmonary tuberculosis. […] People may awaken in the night and be drenched with a cold sweat, with or without fever. […] Symptoms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis are vague, usually fatigue, poor appetite, intermittent fevers, sweats, and possibly weight loss.

• #21 Tuberculosis – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tuberculosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351250

  When TB germs survive and multiply in the lungs, it is called a TB infection. A TB infection may be in one of three stages. Symptoms are different in each stage. […] Most people don’t have symptoms during a primary infection. Some people may get flu-like symptoms, such as: Low fever. Tiredness. Cough. […] Symptoms of active TB disease in the lungs usually begin gradually and worsen over a few weeks. They may include: Cough. Coughing up blood or mucus. Chest pain. Pain with breathing or coughing. Fever. Chills. Night sweats. Weight loss. Not wanting to eat. Tiredness. Not feeling well in general. […] TB infection can spread from the lungs to other parts of the body. This is called extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Symptoms vary depending on what part of the body is infected. Common symptoms may include: Fever. Chills. Night sweats. Weight loss. Not wanting to eat. Tiredness. Not feeling well in general. Pain near the site of infection.

• #22 Signs and Symptoms of Tuberculosis | Tuberculosis (TB) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/tb/signs-symptoms/index.html

  Symptoms of active tuberculosis (TB) disease depend on where the TB germs are growing in the body. […] Common symptoms of active TB disease include cough, pain in the chest, and coughing up blood or sputum (phlegm). […] Symptoms of active TB disease depend on where in the body the TB germs are growing. TB germs usually grow in the lungs (pulmonary TB). […] Active TB disease in the lungs may cause symptoms such as: A bad cough that lasts 3 weeks or longer, Pain in the chest, Coughing up blood or sputum (phlegm) from deep inside the lungs. […] Other symptoms of active TB disease are: Weakness or fatigue, Weight loss, No appetite, Chills, Fever, and Sweating at night. […] Symptoms of active TB disease in other parts of the body depend on the area affected: TB disease of the lymph nodes may cause a firm red or purple swelling under the skin. TB disease of the kidney may cause blood in the urine. TB meningitis (TB disease of the brain) may cause headache or confusion. TB disease of the spine may cause back pain. TB disease of the larynx may cause hoarseness. […] People with inactive TB do not have symptoms of TB disease. However, without treatment, they can develop active TB disease and become sick.

• #23 Tuberculosis (TB)

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tuberculosis-tb/

  Symptoms of tuberculosis (TB) usually come on gradually. […] Common symptoms include: a cough that lasts more than 3 weeks you may cough up mucus (phlegm) or mucus with blood in it, feeling tired or exhausted, a high temperature or night sweats, loss of appetite, weight loss, feeling generally unwell. […] If TB has spread to another part of your body such as your glands (lymph nodes), bones or brain, you may also have other symptoms, including: swollen glands, body aches and pains, swollen joints or ankles, tummy or pelvic pain, constipation, dark or cloudy pee, a headache, being sick, feeling confused, a stiff neck, a rash on the legs, face or other part of the body. […] Sometimes you can have TB in your body but have no symptoms. This is called latent TB. […] If you have TB and you have symptoms, it’s called active TB. […] These could be signs that tuberculosis (TB) has spread to your brain (meningitis).

• #24 Tuberculosis (TB) Treatment, Test, Vaccine & Symptoms

  https://www.medicinenet.com/tuberculosis_tb_facts/article.htm

  The following includes the signs and symptoms of additional types of TB: Skeletal TB (also termed Pott’s disease): spinal pain, back stiffness, and paralysis is possible; TB meningitis: headaches (variable in length but persistent), mental changes, coma; TB arthritis: usually pain in a single joint (hips and knees most common); Genitourinary TB: dysuria, flank pain, increased frequency, masses or lumps (granulomas); Gastrointestinal TB: difficulty swallowing, nonhealing ulcers, abdominal pain, malabsorption, diarrhea (may be bloody); Miliary TB: many small nodules widespread in organs that resemble millet seeds (hence its name); Pleural TB: empyema and pleural effusions; Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB): patients infected with TB bacteria that are resistant to multiple drugs; XDR TB: patients infected with TB bacteria that are resistant to some of the most effective anti-TB medications; Caseous TB: Necrotic (dead and dying) tissue that is infected with TB organisms has a soft, dry, and cheesy appearance; End-stage TB: Patients may suffer fever, constant coughing, shortness of breath, weight loss, mental changes, and blood in their sputum before death.

• #25 Tuberculosis: Signs, Symptoms, and Complications

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/tuberculosis-symptoms-914924

  Occasionally, active TB will spread beyond the lungs into the lymph nodes, kidneys, bones, brain, abdominal cavity, membrane around the heart (pericardium), joints (especially weight-bearing joints, such as the hips and knees), and reproductive organs. When this happens, it is known as extrapulmonary tuberculosis. […] Symptoms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis depend on the area involved and can include: Lymph nodes that drain the lungs may become large enough to compress the bronchial tubes, causing a cough and possibly a collapsed lung. If bacteria spread to lymph nodes in the neck, it is possible for the nodes to break through the skin and discharge pus. […] TB infection of the kidneys may cause fever, back pain, and sometimes blood in the urine. Infection commonly spreads to the bladder, causing painful and frequent urination.

• #26 Tuberculosis (TB) – Infections – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/infections/tuberculosis-and-related-infections/tuberculosis-tb

  Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (tuberculosis outside the lungs) usually results from pulmonary tuberculosis that has spread from the lungs through the blood to affect other parts of the body. […] Miliary tuberculosis develops if a large number of the bacteria travel through the bloodstream and spread throughout the body. This type of tuberculosis may be life threatening.

• #27 Signs and Symptoms of Tuberculosis

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/tuberculosis/guide/symptoms/

  Two other common symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis are chest pain and shortness of breath. […] The symptoms depend on where the active disease has spread. […] Miliary TB, or disseminated tuberculosis, is a potentially life-threatening form of the infection in which large numbers of TB bacteria spread all over the body through the bloodstream. The symptoms of miliary TB are the same as those seen in other types fatigue, weight loss, fever, chills, weakness, and difficulty breathing making it difficult to diagnose. Night sweats are common with miliary TB and can be so severe that a person will wake up with a damp silhouette on their sheets.

• #28 Tuberculosis – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tuberculosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351250

  Symptoms of active TB disease in children vary. Typically, symptoms by age may include the following: Teenagers. Symptoms are similar to adult symptoms. 1- to 12-year-olds. Younger children may have a fever that won’t go away and weight loss. Infants. The baby doesn’t grow or gain weight as expected. Also, a baby may have symptoms from swelling in the fluid around the brain or spinal cord, including: Being sluggish or not active. Unusually fussy. Vomiting. Poor feeding. Bulging soft spot on the head. Poor reflexes. […] The symptoms of tuberculosis are similar to symptoms of many different illnesses. See your healthcare professional if you have symptoms that don’t improve with a few days of rest.

• #29 Tuberculosis (TB) in Children | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/tuberculosis-tb-children

  Different symptoms of TB are present depending on the age of the child affected. The following are the most common symptoms of active TB. However, each child may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include: […] In children: Fever, Unintended weight loss, Poor growth, Sweating at night, Cough, Swollen glands, Chills. […] In adolescents: Cough that lasts longer than three weeks, Productive cough, Pain in the chest, Blood in their sputum, Weakness and fatigue, Swollen glands, Unintended weight loss, Decrease in appetite, Fever, Chills or night sweats. […] The symptoms of TB may resemble other lung conditions or medical problems. Always consult your child’s doctor for a diagnosis.

• #30 Tuberculosis (TB)

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Tuberculosis_TB/

  Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In 70 per cent of cases, TB affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body, such as the lymph glands, brain, kidneys or spine. It is more common for children to have TB that affects multiple parts of the body than it is for adults, and TB is likely to be more serious in children. […] If your child has TB disease, they may have fever, tiredness, sweating at night time and weight loss. If they have TB disease in the lungs, your child will have coughing and chest pain. […] Symptoms of TB disease in other parts of the body depend on the affected area. The symptoms can be quite varied. Some children with TB disease have no symptoms at all. […] In TB disease, the body is no longer strong enough to keep the TB bacteria under control.

• #31 Tuberculosis (TB)

  https://www.rch.org.au/kidsinfo/fact_sheets/Tuberculosis_TB/

  The bacteria spread and cause symptoms of TB (see below). […] Children with TB infection have a higher chance of developing active TB disease because their immune system is not as developed as an adult’s immune system. […] TB can be successfully treated by taking a full course of antibiotics. A child with TB disease may need to take antibiotics for six months or longer.

• #32 Stages and progression of TB

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/stages-of-tb

  TB progresses differently for people. The primary infection usually becomes a latent TB infection first. In many cases, the latent infection never progresses, but for some people, TB may be latent for weeks, months, or years before becoming active. […] An active TB infection occurs when someone’s immune system is not strong enough to fight the bacterium. Those at a higher risk of developing TB disease include anyone with weakened immune systems, including people with HIV or AIDS, young children and babies, people who received organ transplants, people with chronic conditions such as diabetes, people receiving chemotherapy or certain treatments for autoimmune disorders. […] An active TB infection, or TB disease, occurs when someone’s immune system cannot fight the bacterium effectively, and the bacterium attacks the body. TB disease can spread to others and can be fatal without treatment.

• #33 Tuberculosis Overview – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441916/

  Approximately 5% of people infected with TB develop active disease within the first 2 years after infection; an additional 5% develop the infection later. The risk factors associated with the development of active TB are immunocompromised state, tobacco use, and excessive alcohol use. The immunocompromised state may be due to the following: immune senescence of older age, genetic diseases causing immunodeficiency, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), transplantation, prolonged corticosteroid use, cytoreductive chemotherapy, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists, malnutrition, and diabetes. […] The most common mechanism leading to active disease is the reactivation of a latent focus of infection. Previously infected people are generally immune to exogenous reinfection; however, reinfection is possible when exposed to a large inoculum or if an individual is significantly immunocompromised. Determining if a person with a prior history of TB has relapsed due to endogenous reinfection (eg, a failure to eradicate prior infection) or a newly acquired exogenous reinfection is a challenge with important therapeutic and epidemiologic implications.

• #34 Tuberculosis Incubation Period: How Long it Is and Preventing Spread

  https://www.healthline.com/health/incubation-period-of-tuberculosis-disease

  Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious disease that can be very serious if not treated. TB can stay dormant in your body for decades, but its contagious only when you have active symptoms. […] Tuberculosis (TB) is spread through the air from one person to another and usually causes respiratory symptoms similar to the flu or pneumonia. […] You can have it in your body before developing symptoms, which is known as dormant (latent) TB. When symptoms develop, it is considered active TB. […] The incubation period for developing active tuberculosis ranges from several weeks to 2 years. This timeline can be important in considering global health resources. […] If you’re going to develop active tuberculosis, it’s most likely to cause symptoms shortly after you’ve been exposed. According to a 2018 review, the average incubation period ranges from a few weeks to 2 years.

• #35 Active Tuberculosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513246/

  Although about 90% to 95% of the people infected with M. tuberculosis do not develop the active disease and remain asymptomatic, around 5% to 10% of those infected develop the disease. […] Most exposed individuals clear the infection with the aid of innate immunity. […] About 5 % of patients develop primary active tuberculosis secondary to inadequate T-cell immunity. […] About 5-10% of patients with latent infections progress to active disease in their lifetime, most commonly in the initial two years. […] If untreated, half of those with the active disease die. […] The active disease could also result in systemic dissemination of tubercles and manifest as miliary tuberculosis, which resembles millet-shaped lesions on radiographic images of the chest. […] The primary tuberculosis infection is usually located in the middle portion of the lungs and is referred to as the Ghon focus.

• #36 Tuberculosis Overview – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441916/

  People with active TB disease can be asymptomatic at one end of the clinical spectrum or severely ill at the other end of the spectrum. Specific disease manifestations are a function of the organs involved; the apical posterior segments of the lung are the most commonly involved structures in adults and adolescents. In young children and the elderly, pneumonia involving the lower lobes is common. Constitutional symptoms are nonspecific and often include cough, fever, weight loss, night sweats, and malaise. Asymptomatic TB disease is well described and prevalence has been reported to be quite high when active case finding is performed among high-risk populations. […] Approximately 5% of recently infected people with TB will develop active disease within the first 2 years after infection. An additional 5% will develop active TB at a later time in their lives.

• #37 Clinical Overview of Tuberculosis Disease | Tuberculosis (TB) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/tb/hcp/clinical-overview/tuberculosis-disease.html

  The progression from latent TB infection to TB disease may occur at any time, but it is most common within the first two years of infection, or in people who have weaker immune systems because of certain medications or medical conditions (such as diabetes, cancer, or HIV). […] Without treatment, approximately 5% of persons who have been infected with TB bacteria will develop TB disease in the first two years after infection, and another 5% will develop TB disease sometime later in life.

• #38 Tuberculosis (TB) | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/infections-and-poisoning/tuberculosis-tb/

  Typical symptoms of TB include: a persistent cough that lasts more than three weeks and usually brings up phlegm, which may be bloody […] You should see a GP if you have a cough that lasts more than three weeks or if you cough up blood. […] The symptoms of tuberculosis (TB) depend on where the infection occurs. […] TB usually develops slowly. Your symptoms might not begin until months or even years after you were initially infected. […] In some cases the infection doesn’t cause any symptoms, which is known as latent TB. It’s called active TB if you have symptoms. You should contact your GP if you or your child have symptoms of TB. […] General symptoms of TB include: lack of appetite and weight loss, a high temperature (fever), night sweats, extreme tiredness or fatigue. […] Most infections affect the lungs, which can cause: a persistent cough that lasts more than 3 weeks and usually brings up phlegm, which may be bloody, breathlessness that gradually gets worse.

• #39 Clinical Overview of Tuberculosis Disease | Tuberculosis (TB) | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/tb/hcp/clinical-overview/tuberculosis-disease.html

  Not everyone with TB disease has signs and symptoms. When the onset of TB disease is gradual, a person who has TB disease might not notice the symptoms because they seem mild and do not interfere with daily activities. However, most individuals with TB disease have one or more symptoms that lead them to seek medical care. Symptoms of TB disease may vary depending on the part of the body affected. […] Symptoms of pulmonary TB disease include cough (especially lasting for 3 weeks or longer), coughing up sputum or blood (hemoptysis), chest pain, loss of appetite, unexplained weight loss, night sweats, fever, and fatigue. […] Extrapulmonary TB disease, which affects organs in addition to or instead of the lungs, may cause symptoms related to the part of the body that is affected. For example, TB disease of the spine may cause back pain, TB disease of the kidney may cause blood in the urine, and TB meningitis may cause headache or confusion.

• #40 Tuberculosis (TB) | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/t/tuberculosis-tb.html

  Each person’s symptoms may vary. The most common symptoms of active TB include: Prolonged cough lasting weeks, Chest pain, Feeling tired and weak (fatigue), Loss of appetite, Unintended weight loss, Poor growth in children, Fever, Coughing blood or sputum, Night sweats, Shortness of breath, Back pain. […] If TB of the lung is not treated early or if treatment isn’t followed, long-lasting (permanent) lung damage can result. TB can also cause infection of the bones, spine, brain and spinal cord, lymph glands, and other parts of the body. It can damage those areas and cause short-term (temporary) or permanent symptoms from the damage. Uncontrolled TB can lead to death and remains a leading infectious cause of death worldwide.

• #41 Tuberculosis (TB) | HealthLink BC

  https://www.healthlinkbc.ca/healthwise/tuberculosis-tb

  Active TB in the lungs (pulmonary TB) is contagious. TB spreads when a person who has active disease exhales air that contains TB-causing bacteria and another person inhales the bacteria from the air. These bacteria can remain floating in the air for several hours. Coughing, sneezing, laughing, or singing releases more bacteria than breathing. […] Without treatment, active TB can cause serious complications, such as: Pockets or cavities that form in the lungs. These damaged areas may cause bleeding in the lungs or may become infected with other bacteria and form pockets of pus (abscesses). A hole that forms between nearby airways in the lungs. Difficulty breathing because of blocked airways. […] If active TB is not treated, it can damage your lungs or other organs and can be deadly. You can also spread TB by not treating active TB.

• #42 Tuberculosis | TB | TB Test | MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/tuberculosis.html

  If you have TB disease, the TB germs are active, meaning that they are growing (multiplying) inside your body and making you sick. If the TB is growing in your lungs or throat, you can spread the TB germs to other people. You can get sick with TB disease weeks to years after you’re infected with TB germs. […] With TB disease, your symptoms will depend on where the TB is growing in your body: General symptoms may include: Chills and fever, Night sweats (heavy sweating during sleep), Losing weight without trying, Loss of appetite, Weakness or fatigue. Symptoms from TB disease in your lungs may include: A cough that lasts longer than 3 weeks, Coughing up blood or sputum (a thick mucus from the lungs), Chest pain.

• #43 Tuberculosis: Symptoms and Causes

  https://www.healthline.com/health/tuberculosis

  Tuberculosis (TB), once called consumption, is a highly infectious disease that primarily affects the lungs. […] Some people who acquire Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium that causes TB, do not experience symptoms. This condition is known as latent TB. TB can stay dormant for years before developing into active TB disease. […] Active TB typically causes many symptoms. While symptoms usually relate to the respiratory system, they could affect other parts of the body, depending on where the TB bacteria grow. […] Symptoms caused by TB in the lungs include: cough lasting more than 3 weeks, coughing up blood or sputum (phlegm), chest pain. […] General TB symptoms include: unexplained fatigue, weakness, fever, chills, night sweats, appetite loss, weight loss. […] Along with general symptoms, TB that spreads to other organs can also cause: blood in urine and loss of kidney function, if TB affects the kidneys; back pain and stiffness, muscle spasms, and spinal irregularity if TB affects the spine; nausea and vomiting, confusion, and loss of consciousness, if TB spreads to the brain.

• #44 Tuberculosis (TB) | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/infections-and-poisoning/tuberculosis-tb/

  Typical symptoms of TB include: a persistent cough that lasts more than three weeks and usually brings up phlegm, which may be bloody […] You should see a GP if you have a cough that lasts more than three weeks or if you cough up blood. […] The symptoms of tuberculosis (TB) depend on where the infection occurs. […] TB usually develops slowly. Your symptoms might not begin until months or even years after you were initially infected. […] In some cases the infection doesn’t cause any symptoms, which is known as latent TB. It’s called active TB if you have symptoms. You should contact your GP if you or your child have symptoms of TB. […] General symptoms of TB include: lack of appetite and weight loss, a high temperature (fever), night sweats, extreme tiredness or fatigue. […] Most infections affect the lungs, which can cause: a persistent cough that lasts more than 3 weeks and usually brings up phlegm, which may be bloody, breathlessness that gradually gets worse.

• #45 Important to recognise tuberculosis (TB) symptoms early | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/news/important-recognise-tuberculosis-tb-symptoms-early

  It’s crucial to know the signs and symptoms of the Tuberculosis (TB), as early diagnosis and treatment is important. […] The symptoms of active TB of the lung are: persistent and lengthy coughing, fever and night sweats, unexplained weight loss, blood in your sputum (phlegm or spit) at any time, a lack of appetite, fatigue, a general sense of feeling unwell. […] With new drug-resistant types of TB evolving it is essential to be alert and know what to look out for.

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