Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Dysarthria (Slurred Speech): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17653-dysarthria

  Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder where damage to your nervous system causes the muscles that produce speech to become paralyzed or weakened. The main sign of dysarthria is that you have trouble speaking so that others understand you. You may have difficulty moving your lips, tongue or jaw in ways that produce clear speech. Dysarthria symptoms include: Slurred speech or mumbling when you talk. Speaking too quickly or more slowly than intended. Speaking quieter or louder than intended. Sounding hoarse, harsh, strained, breathy, nasal, robotic or monotone. Speaking in short, choppy bursts with several pauses, instead of in complete sentences. […] Dysarthria occurs when there’s damage to the parts of your nervous system that control the muscles that help you speak. This includes muscles in your face, throat and muscles that help you breathe. Injuries, illnesses and neuromuscular conditions (diseases that affect the nerves controlling your muscles) can all cause dysarthria. […] If it results from a medication side effect, stopping the medicine usually reverses dysarthria. Dysarthria related to a chronic (long-term) neuromuscular condition, stroke or trauma may not be reversible. Still, you can improve your communication through speech therapy.

• #2 Dysarthria – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK592453/

  Dysarthria is a neuromotor disorder that results from abnormalities in speed, strength, accuracy, range, tone, or duration required for speech control. Decreased speech intelligibility characterizes the disorder. The content of the spoken language remains intact, so the patient can write and comprehend spoken and written language. Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder seen with many neurological causes. […] Dysarthria can arise from disorders at various locations of the neuroaxis, including the cerebral cortex, basal ganglia, cerebellum, cranial nerve nuclei, or peripheral nerves, and from a primary motor disorder of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx. […] The onset and progression of dysarthria and associated neurological complaints, such as tremors, dysphagia, and gait instability, can provide clues for the diagnosis. […] Recovery also appears to be dependent on the etiology. One study evaluating dysarthria following stroke showed recovery in about half of the patients. […] However, from various anecdotal reports, it is evident that dysarthria is progressive in most neurodegenerative diseases.

• #3 Dysarthria (Slurred Speech): Symptoms, Types, Causes, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/brain/dysarthria-speech

  Dysarthria is a condition in which the part of your brain that controls your lips, tongue, vocal cords, and diaphragm doesn’t work well. It’s hard for you to move those muscles the right way. […] People with dysarthria can think and understand language. But they have trouble talking because of weakness in the muscles that control speech. […] Some people with dysarthria have only minor speech problems. Others have so much trouble getting their words out that other people may not be able to understand them very well. […] Depending on the cause, dysarthria can make your speech: Flat, Have an uneven rhythm, Higher- or lower-pitched than usual, Jerky, Monotone, Mumbled, Nasal or whiny, Raspy, Slow or fast, Slurred, Soft like a whisper, Strained. […] Dysarthria can affect many parts of your life. When you have trouble speaking clearly, you may be less able to communicate with loved ones. This can affect your relationships with family and friends. […] It’s common for people with dysarthria to feel alone and depressed. That’s why it’s so important to get treatment from a speech-language therapist and see a mental health professional if you feel alone or sad.

• #4 Dysarthria – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysarthria

  Dysarthria is a speech sound disorder resulting from neurological injury of the motor component of the motorspeech system and is characterized by poor articulation of phonemes. It is a condition in which problems effectively occur with the muscles that help produce speech, often making it very difficult to pronounce words. […] Dysarthria that has progressed to a total loss of speech is referred to as anarthria. […] Dysarthria may affect a single system; however, it is more commonly reflected in multiple motorspeech systems. The etiology, degree of neuropathy, existence of co-morbidities, and the individual’s response all play a role in the effect the disorder has on the individual’s quality of life. Severity ranges from occasional articulation difficulties to verbal speech that is completely unintelligible. […] Common clinical features of ataxic dysarthria include abnormalities in speech modulation, rate of speech, explosive or scanning speech, slurred speech, irregular stress patterns, and vocalic and consonantal misarticulations.

• #5 Dysarthria and Anarthria: Speech Disorder Causes and Treatments

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-is-anarthria-3146173

  Dysarthria and anarthria are diagnoses of speech disorders with anarthria being a severe form of dysarthria. While dysarthria causes impaired speech, anarthria results in a complete loss of the ability to speak. […] Dysarthria (also known as dysarthosis) and the more severe form, anarthria, are caused by brain damage. […] Dysarthria may be mild, moderate, or severe. The level of dysarthria depends on the degree of damage to the neurological system. […] If you have dysarthria, you are likely to have speech characterized by one or more of the following characteristics: Slowed rate of speech, Mumbling quality to speech that is difficult to understand, Limited movement of the tongue, lip, and jaw, Abnormal vocal pitch, Abnormal rhythm to speech, Hoarseness or breathiness to speech, Nasal or stuffy-sounding speech, Inability to speak loudly.

• #6 Dysarthria (difficulty speaking)

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dysarthria/

  Dysarthria is where you have difficulty speaking because the muscles you use for speech are weak. […] The main symptom of dysarthria is unclear speech. This can make it difficult for you to make yourself understood. Your speech may only be slightly unclear, or you may not be able to speak clearly at all. Other symptoms include: difficulty moving your mouth, tongue or lips, slurred or slow speech, difficulty controlling the volume of your voice, making you talk too loudly or quietly, a change in your voice, making it nasal, strained or monotone, hesitating a lot when talking, or speaking in short bursts instead of full sentences. […] If you have dysarthria, you’ll usually be referred to a speech and language therapist. They’ll offer therapy to help your speech and communication. The therapy you’re offered will be different depending on the cause of your dysarthria and how severe it is. Some people may find therapy does not help their symptoms, or their speech may get worse as their condition progresses.

• #7 Dysarthria – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dysarthria/symptoms-causes/syc-20371994

  Dysarthria happens when the muscles used for speech are weak or are hard to control. Dysarthria often causes slurred or slow speech that can be difficult to understand. […] Symptoms of dysarthria depend on the underlying cause and the type of dysarthria. […] Symptoms may include: Slurred speech. Slow speech. Not being able to speak louder than a whisper or speaking too loudly. Rapid speech that is difficult to understand. Nasal, raspy or strained voice. Uneven speech rhythm. Uneven speech volume. Monotone speech. Trouble moving your tongue or facial muscles. […] Dysarthria can be a sign of a serious condition. See a healthcare professional right away if you have sudden or unexplained changes in your ability to speak.

• #8 Dysarthria | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/dysarthria

  Dysarthria is when the muscles you use to breathe or speak become weakened or paralysed making speech slurred or unclear. […] Symptoms of dysarthria can include difficulty controlling the volume of your speech, and speed and changes to your voice you may also find it difficult to eat, drink or control your saliva. […] Symptoms of dysarthria are different between people, and can include: speaking too slowly or too quickly, speaking too quietly or too loudly, changes to your voice or pitch your voice may sound harsh, nasal, breathy, monotonous or very high or low pitched, being unable to say longer words properly, being unable to move your tongue, lips or jaw properly, difficulty eating, drinking or controlling your saliva (drooling). […] Symptoms can range from mild to severe. […] If you have severe symptoms, people may not be able to understand what you are saying at all. You might need to communicate using a device or other tools. […] Your symptoms may also change over time. They can improve or get worse, depending on what is causing your dysarthria.

• #9 Dysarthria

  https://www.asha.org/public/speech/disorders/dysarthria/?srsltid=AfmBOooTa36XHklTAN4tUF1GPImeQm-DXTY3SwjvhJLFK2HvbA92iYYT

  Dysarthria is a speech disorder caused by muscle problems. It can make it hard to talk. […] If you have dysarthria, you may experience any of these symptoms: Your speech sounds different than before you had any damage to your brain or nerves. You say words in a way that is hard for others to understand. You „slur” or „mumble” when you talk. You talk too slowly or too fast. You talk too softly or too loudly. You have problems moving your tongue, lips, and jaw. You sound „robotic” or „choppy.” You sound hoarse or breathy. You sound like you have a stuffy nose or are talking out of your nose. […] Changes in the brain and nerves cause dysarthria. It can happen at birth or after an illness or injury. Anything that causes brain or nerve damage can cause dysarthria. […] If you notice any new difficulty talking, you should see a doctor right away to help find a medical reason. […] Your work with the SLP will depend on the type of dysarthria you have and how much of a problem it is for you.

• #10 HIE Multimedia – Dysarthria

  https://sbrmc.adam.com/content.aspx?productid=117&pid=1&gid=007470

  Dysarthria is a condition in which you have difficulty saying words because of problems with the muscles that help you talk. […] Depending on its cause, dysarthria may develop slowly or occur suddenly. People with dysarthria have trouble making certain sounds or words. Their speech is poorly pronounced (such as slurring), and the rhythm or speed of their speech changes. Other symptoms include: Sounding as though they are mumbling, Speaking softly or in a whisper, Speaking in a nasal or stuffy, hoarse, strained, or breathy voice. […] Depending on the cause of dysarthria, symptoms may improve, stay the same, or get worse slowly or quickly. People with ALS eventually lose the ability to speak. Some people with Parkinson disease or multiple sclerosis lose the ability to speak. Dysarthria caused by medicines or poorly fitting dentures can be reversed. Dysarthria caused by a stroke or brain injury will not get worse, and may improve. Dysarthria after surgery to the tongue or voice box should not get worse, and may improve with therapy.

• #11

  https://111.wales.nhs.uk/dysarthria(difficultyspeaking)/?locale=en

  Dysarthria is where you have difficulty speaking because the muscles you use for speech are weak. It can be caused by conditions that damage your brain or nerves and some medicines. Speech and language therapy can help. […] The main symptom of dysarthria is unclear speech. This can make it difficult for you to make yourself understood. […] Other symptoms include: difficulty moving your mouth, tongue or lips; slurred or slow speech; difficulty controlling the volume of your voice, making you talk too loudly or quietly; a change in your voice, making it nasal, strained or monotone; hesitating a lot when talking, or speaking in short bursts instead of full sentences. […] Dysarthria is usually caused by damage to the brain or conditions that affect the nervous system. It can happen at any age. […] Some people may find therapy does not help their symptoms, or their speech may get worse as their condition progresses.

• #12 Speech Therapy: Symptoms of Dysarthria (Slurred Speech)

  https://thespringssc.com/2025/03/symptoms-of-dysarthria-slurred-speech-in-seniors/

  Dysarthria is the medical term for slurred speech, often caused by other health conditions. This condition can be common in seniors because the health conditions that lead to dysarthria are often health conditions that strike the senior community. Dysarthria can develop when it becomes difficult for your loved one to move the muscles in the mouth, face, or upper respiratory system. Those muscles are responsible for controlling speech so when affected by another health condition or medication, your loved one may not be able to speak clearly. […] Common symptoms include: Difficulty in moving their mouth, lips, or tongue; Slow speech; Slurred speech; An inability to control the volume of their speech. They may speak much too loud for the environment or not be able to talk above a whisper; Talking so quickly that it’s difficult to decipher what they’re saying; A change in their voice. Their voice may be more raspy or nasally. It might even become extremely monotone without any inflections of emotions; Speaking in short bursts and then taking a long break between those bursts; Being stressed or tired can exasperate any of their symptoms.

• #13 Dysarthria (Slurred Speech): Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/dysarthria

  Dysarthria is a motor-speech disorder. It happens when you cant coordinate or control the muscles used for speech production in your face, mouth, or respiratory system. People with dysarthria have difficulty controlling the muscles used to make normal sounds. This disorder can affect many aspects of your speech. You may lose the ability to pronounce sounds correctly or speak at a normal volume. You may be unable to control the quality, intonation, and pace at which you speak. Your speech may become slow or slurred. As a result, it may be difficult for others to understand what youre trying to say. […] Symptoms of dysarthria can range from mild to severe. Typical symptoms include: slurred speech, slow speech, rapid speech, abnormal, varied rhythm of speech, speaking softly or in a whisper, difficulty changing the volume of your speech, nasal, strained, or hoarse vocal quality, difficulty controlling your facial muscles, difficulty chewing, swallowing, or controlling your tongue, drooling.

• #14 Dysarthria (difficulty speaking) – Plymouth Online Directory

  https://www.plymouthonlinedirectory.co.uk/healthandwellbeing/nhs/caresupport/adhd/dysarthria

  Dysarthria is difficulty speaking caused by brain damage or brain changes later in life. […] A child or adult with dysarthria may have slurred, nasal-sounding or breathy speech, a strained and hoarse voice, excessively loud or quiet speech, problems speaking in a regular rhythm, with frequent hesitations, „gurgly” or monotone speech, difficulty with tongue and lip movements, and difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), which may lead to constant drooling. […] In some cases, they may only be able to produce short phrases, single words, or no intelligible speech at all. […] Dysarthria can either be developmental: when it occurs as a result of brain damage before or during birth, such as in cerebral palsy, or acquired when it occurs as the result of brain changes later in life, such as damage caused by a stroke, head injury or brain tumour, or a progressive condition such as Parkinson’s disease or motor neurone disease.

• #15 Dysarthria | MND Association

  https://www.mndassociation.org/professionals/management-of-mnd/dysarthria

  More than 80% of people with MND experience slurred, quiet or complete loss of speech (dysarthria). 25-30% of people with MND have dysarthria as a first or predominant sign in the early stage of the disease. […] Once speech problems begin, communication often deteriorates so rapidly that there is little time to implement appropriate support, so timing of referral for assessment and intervention is crucial. […] Deteriorating speech has a major impact on the quality of life of people with MND and their families, friends and carers. […] MND causes muscle weakness and/or spasticity, reducing range of movement in the tongue, lips, facial muscles, pharynx and larynx. People may experience: speech becoming slow, slurred and unclear; a nasal quality to their speech due to incomplete closure of the soft palate; voice that sounds strained, hoarse, low pitched and monotone; weakened breathing causing speech to become soft and faint, or cause the person to pause for breath, disrupting the flow of speech; difficulty making certain speech sounds, particularly consonants such as p, b, t, d, k, g; difficulty managing saliva at the same time as speaking.

• #16 Dysarthria in Adults

  https://www.asha.org/practice-portal/clinical-topics/dysarthria-in-adults/?srsltid=AfmBOoodbGYOSnnoY1iVCUS-28sd7fBNTUs2JwWnAqRQomLyMS3zIhf4

  Dysarthria can result from congenital conditions, or it can be acquired at any age as the result of a neurologic injury, disease, or disorder. […] Dysarthria can adversely affect intelligibility of speech and/or naturalness of speech. […] Signs and symptoms of dysarthria include perceptual speech characteristics and physical signs that vary by dysarthria type. Dysarthria can alter speech intelligibility and/or speech naturalness by disrupting one or more of the five speech subsystems: respiration, phonation, articulation, resonance, and prosody. […] The severity of the disorder does not necessarily determine the degree of disability. Speech-related disability will depend on the communication needs of the individual, the perceived impact of the disorder, and the comprehensibility of their speech in salient contexts. […] The goal of treatment is to maximize communication at each stage of the disease, not to reverse decline.

• #17 Dysarthria

  https://sltforkids.co.uk/conditions-we-treat/dysarthria/

  Dysarthria is the term given to speech impairment that is affected by the reduced or weakened functioning of the muscles used in speech and respiration, such as lips, jaw, tongue, vocal folds, velum and diaphragm. […] As dysarthria affects many aspects of the child’s speech, such as breathing, producing and articulating sounds, it can become effortful for the child to speak and they may be difficult to understand. […] Dysarthria affects the speed, range, tone, strength, control and accuracy of the movements required in speech. It also affects the respiration (breathing), phonation (voicing), articulation, resonance (nasality) and prosody (rhythm, stress intonation patterns in speech) processes that are needed in the production of speech. Some symptoms that occur as a result of these difficulties include: Slow pace of speech.

• #18 ALS Speech Therapy (How ALS Affects Speech) – Target ALS

  https://www.targetals.org/2022/03/28/how-als-affects-speech/

  Dysarthria, characterized by abnormalities of the articulation and intelligibility of speech, is one of the most recognizable symptoms of ALS. It typically starts with a slurring of words and progresses to the point that speech eventually becomes impossible for others to understand. […] Dysarthria is an early symptom of bulbar-onset ALS but not of limb-onset ALS. In fact, speech impairment may begin up to three years prior to diagnosis of bulbar-onset ALS, and research suggests artificial intelligence (AI) may be able to detect early, often imperceptible, changes in speech and voice. […] Nevertheless, regardless of ALS type, 80% to 95% of people with ALS will, at some point, no longer be able to be understood with the use of natural speech. […] ALS leads to speech problems when it attacks bulbar neurons, the nerve cells responsible for bringing messages from the lower parts of the brain (bulbar region) to the muscles of the lips, tongue, soft palate, jaw and voice box. Eventually, the muscles become weak and tight, limiting tongue, lip and/or jaw movement. […] Weakening lung muscles have an effect, too: People with ALS often find speaking to be tiring, and they tend to talk less or in shorter sentences.

• #19 speech language therapy

  https://www.speech-language-therapy.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=90%3Adysarthrias&catid=11%3Aadmin&fbclid=IwAR29erjfc4MavuxbbyzO6DWl9iNeDInxrGph7gywgzKADe7cOc9U0KDBKpw

  ’Dysarthria’ or 'the dysarthrias’ are the terms used to denote speech impairment due to neurological damage, or to conditions that affect the muscles involved in speaking. […] In affected individuals the speech mechanism, including the muscles of respiration, may be paralysed, weak or poorly co-ordinated. The dysarthrias can affect all motor speech processes: breathing, producing sounds in the larynx, articulation, resonance, and the 'prosody’ or rhythm of speech. […] Commonly observed characteristics of the dysarthrias in children and young people are: Slowed speech, Effortful speech due to breathing coordination difficulties, Imprecise articulation, Slurred speech, Excessively quiet or loud voice, or a voice that varies erratically between the two, Difficulties regulating the pitch of the voice, Difficulties using appropriate intonation patterns to convey meaning, Some combination of hoarse voice quality, hypernasal voice quality or breathy voice quality. […] If an individual’s speech is very impaired, the SLP/SLT may be able to help by teaching the use of an alternative communication system.

• #20 Dysarthria – Brain, Spinal Cord, and Nerve Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/brain-spinal-cord-and-nerve-disorders/brain-dysfunction/dysarthria

  Dysarthria is loss of the ability to articulate words normally. […] Speech may be jerky, staccato, breathy, irregular, imprecise, or monotonous, but people can understand language and use it correctly. […] People who have dysarthria produce sounds that approximate what they mean and that are in the correct order. However, speech may be jerky, staccato, breathy, irregular, imprecise, or monotonous, depending on where the damage is. […] The disorder that causes dysarthria can also cause difficulty chewing and swallowing.

• #21 Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust » Dysarthria

  https://www.nnuh.nhs.uk/departments/speech-and-language-therapy/communication/dysarthria/

  Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder. The muscles of the mouth, face, and respiratory system may become weak, move slowly, or not move at all after a stroke or other brain injury or disease. The type and severity of dysarthria depend on which area of the nervous system is affected. […] A person with dysarthria may experience any of the following symptoms, depending on the extent and location of damage to the nervous system: Slurred Speech, Quiet voice, Slow rate of speech, Very rapid rate of speech, which can sound jumbled, Limited lip, tongue and/or jaw movement, Difficulty with rhythm or intonation in speech, Changes in vocal quality, Hoarseness, Breathiness, Drooling or poor saliva control, Problems with chewing and/or swallowing.

• #22 Getting Familiar With Speech Disorders: Dysarthria | District Speech and Language Therapy | Speech Therapy Clinic in Washington DC

  https://districtspeech.com/getting-familiar-with-speech-disorders-dysarthria/

  Dysarthria is a type of speech disorder which can cause difficulties at work, home, or school. […] Dysarthria is a speech disorder caused by muscle weakness, damage, or paralysis. […] The main symptom of dysarthria is that it makes it difficult for you to form and pronounce words. […] Specifically, it may cause you to speak at a markedly different speed from your normal pace. […] It might also cause you to slur your words or speak robotically, making it difficult for others to understand you. […] You might also experience difficulty moving your lips, tongue, or jaw. […] You might also notice that you sound breathy or nasal, or hoarse. […] Dysarthria types are differentiated by the part of the nervous system that is affected, as well as what caused it, and when in life it occurred.

• #23 Understanding Spastic Dysarthria: Causes, Symptoms, and Strategies

  https://connectedspeechpathology.com/blog/understanding-spastic-dysarthria-causes-symptoms-and-management-strategies

  Spastic dysarthria, a motor speech disorder stemming from upper motor neuron damage, often casts a long shadow over communication. […] For individuals living with this condition, the desire to express oneself can be met with a frustrating disconnect between the mind and the ability to articulate words clearly. […] This distinct constellation of symptoms in spastic dysarthria arises from damage to the upper motor neurons (UMNs), the highways connecting the brain’s motor cortex to the muscles responsible for speech production. […] Spastic dysarthria can arise from a variety of neurological conditions affecting the upper motor neuron pathway. […] While the specific symptoms of spastic dysarthria and their severity vary depending on the individual’s brain injury and affected areas, some key characteristics commonly observed include:

• #24 Understanding Spastic Dysarthria: Causes, Symptoms, and Strategies

  https://connectedspeechpathology.com/blog/understanding-spastic-dysarthria-causes-symptoms-and-management-strategies

  Strained, tense, or breathy voice […] Slow and labored speech […] Difficulty initiating and coordinating muscle movements for speech production […] Monotone speech lacking natural rhythm and intonation […] Difficulty pronouncing consonants and vowels clearly […] Slurred or distorted speech sounds […] Limited breath control, impacting phrasing and fluency. […] The presence and severity of these symptoms can vary greatly depending on the individual. […] Some may experience mild speech difficulties, while others may face significant communication challenges requiring ongoing speech therapy and support. […] Understanding the spectrum of both speech and non-speech symptoms associated with spastic dysarthria is crucial for early diagnosis, accurate assessment, and development of effective treatment strategies.

• #25 Getting Familiar With Speech Disorders: Dysarthria | District Speech and Language Therapy | Speech Therapy Clinic in Washington DC

  https://districtspeech.com/getting-familiar-with-speech-disorders-dysarthria/

  Central dysarthria is caused by brain damage, so illnesses and injuries such as strokes, brain tumors, dementia, and certain medication side effects can cause dysarthria. […] Neuromuscular diseases like cerebral palsy, Huntingtons disease, Parkinsons disease, and various types of sclerosis, can also cause central dysarthria. […] Peripheral dysarthria is caused by damage to your speech organs. […] Dysarthria can be caused by a number of different things.

• #26 Speech and Swallowing in Parkinson’s Disease

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2784698/

  Dysarthria and dysphagia occur frequently in Parkinsons disease (PD). Reduced speech intelligibility is a significant functional limitation of dysarthria, and in the case of PD is likely related articulatory and phonatory impairment. […] Approximately 90% of persons with PD will develop dysarthria during the course of the disease, although individuals with PD themselves may be unaware of problems with spoken communication. […] Dysarthria severe enough to cause functional limitation in the form of reduced intelligibility tends to occur later in the disease course, although the relationship between overall disease severity and number of voice and speech abnormalities or dysarthria severity is not particularly strong. […] Moderate dysarthria in PD is operationally defined as a dysarthria severe enough to cause reduced speech intelligibility. […] Reduced speech intelligibility is a significant functional limitation associated with dysarthria, and in the case of PD is likely related to both articulatory and phonatory impairment.

• #27 Speech and communication problems | Parkinson’s UK

  https://www.parkinsons.org.uk/information-and-support/speech-and-communication-problems

  Speech and communication problems can include problems with your voice, body language, making conversations and small handwriting. […] You may have trouble making sure your voice is loud enough, pronouncing words clearly and controlling the pitch (high or low quality) of your voice. […] You may find your speech sounds too quiet or unclear, or that you have to slow down to make yourself understood. […] You might hear these symptoms referred to as hypokinetic dysarthria. […] A quieter voice is common in people with Parkinsons. A quieter, softer voice, which may sound breathy, is called hypophonia. […] These changes to your speech and voice can make it difficult to do everyday activities like talking to friends or making phone calls. […] You may also feel like you have to put more effort into talking and that its harder to start talking with confidence.

• #28 Dysarthria: Types, causes, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/327362

  Dysarthria is a collective term for a group of speech disorders that occur as a result of muscle weakness. People with dysarthria have neurological damage that weakens the muscles necessary for speech. […] Dysarthria shares many of its symptoms with other types of neurological disorders, such as aphasia, dysphasia, and apraxia. […] Dysarthria occurs when damage to the nervous system weakens the muscles that produce speech sounds. It may affect the muscles in one or more of the following areas: face, lips, tongue, throat, upper respiratory tract. […] People who have dysarthria may experience one or more of the following symptoms: abnormally quiet or loud speaking voice, monotonous tone, rough, scratchy, or hoarse voice, stuffy or nasal-sounding voice, vocal tremors, speech that is too fast or too slow, distorted consonant and vowel sounds.

• #29 Speech Problems in Multiple Sclerosis | National MS SocietyNational Multiple Sclerosis Society LogoNational Multiple Sclerosis Society LogoOpen search

  https://www.nationalmssociety.org/understanding-ms/what-is-ms/ms-symptoms/speech-problems

  The inability to express yourself through speech can affect your sense of identity, your self-confidence, your relationships and your sense of safety. If you have multiple sclerosis and you struggle with speech, you aren’t alone. Twenty-five to 40% of people living with MS experience changes to their speech and their ability to be understood. […] Changes in speech associated with MS are caused by lesions in the brain. The changes in speech patterns you experience depend on which part of the brain is affected. Speech changes can range from mild difficulties that can cause intermittent frustration to severe problems that interfere with effective communication and quality of life. […] Dysarthria is caused by weakness, slowness, changes in muscle tone, or lack of coordination of the tongue, lips, soft palate, throat, vocal cords and diaphragm. With this symptom, your speech may sound slurred, harsh and uncoordinated and be difficult to understand. Up to 70% of individuals with MS experience some degree of change in speech clarity.

• #30 Speech problems | MS Trust

  https://mstrust.org.uk/a-z/speech-problems

  Problems with how you speak can be a symptom of multiple sclerosis for some people. MS speech disorders include slurring of speech and problems with the quality of your voice (dysarthria) and difficulty remembering specific words (dysphasia). […] Speech problems may happen at any stage of MS. For most people they are relatively mild and manageable. Symptoms may be worse during a relapse or in the more advanced stages of the condition. […] The most common changes in speech and communication in MS include: slurring of speech, problems with volume, strength or quality of your voice, weakness of the chest muscles, making breathing and speech harder, difficulty remembering specific words, difficulty following longer or more complex conversations. […] People with more advanced MS may find that the rhythm and intonation of their speech are disrupted, perhaps causing them to sound robotic. This is sometimes referred to as scanning speech.

• #31 Difficulty speaking (dysarthria) | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/difficulty-speaking-dysarthria

  Dysarthria means difficulty speaking. It can be caused by brain damage or by brain changes occurring in some conditions affecting the nervous system, or related to ageing. A person with dysarthria may have slurred, nasal-sounding or breathy speech […] Dysarthria can develop if either of these is damaged in some way. Dysarthria can either be developmental when it occurs as a result of brain damage before or during birth, such as in cerebral palsy […] Dysarthria in children is usually developmental, while dysarthria in adults is often acquired, although both types can affect people of any age. Whether dysarthria will improve with speech and language therapy depends on the cause and the extent of the brain damage or dysfunction. Some causes stay stable, while others may worsen over time. There’s no guarantee that therapy can improve the speech of everyone with dysarthria.

• #32 Understanding Spastic Dysarthria: Causes, Symptoms, and Strategies

  https://connectedspeechpathology.com/blog/understanding-spastic-dysarthria-causes-symptoms-and-management-strategies

  Neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) can affect the UMNs and other neurological pathways, potentially leading to spastic dysarthria as part of their symptom profile. […] Damage of UMNs manifests as spastic dysarthria, with speech impairments worsening over time as the disease progresses. […] By undergoing a thorough diagnostic and assessment process, individuals with spastic dysarthria can receive the targeted intervention they need to improve their communication skills and enhance their quality of life.

• #33 Difficulty Speaking (Dysarthria) | MS Canada

  https://mscanada.ca/intro-to-ms/symptoms/ms-symptom-difficulty-speaking-dysarthria

  Dysarthria result from a variety of neurological disturbances and can range from mild difficulty enunciating words to sounding like speaking with marbles in ones mouth. Speech can sound garbled, and unclear. […] Weakness, spasticity, and ataxia of the muscles of the lips, tongue, mandible, soft palate, vocal cords and diaphragm can all contribute to this problem. It may present as slow or garbled speech, difficulty with voice volume and projection, or difficulties chewing and even swallowing. Dysarthria may also present in episodic occurrences that recur up to several times a day for short periods of time.

• #34 Stroke Affecting Speech: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Timeline

  https://www.flintrehab.com/stroke-affecting-speech-aphasia/?srsltid=AfmBOorhTvd9tEJq2r84M676FT63CdDd4Myg2EXaMmmiJx5iTnON7DNU

  According to a 2020 study of nearly 90,000 stroke survivors, 64% of individuals experience communication problems after a stroke. […] Dysarthria: weakness or incoordination of muscles involved with speech. […] Symptoms of dysarthria include: Speaking in way that is incomprehensible or difficult to understand, Unnatural sounding speech, possibly robotic or choppy, Speaking too loudly or quietly, or at a fast or slow pace, Speech may sound breathy, hoarse, or nasally, Difficulty moving the lips, jaw, and/or tongue. […] Dysarthria occurs when brain or nerve damage results in weakness, incoordination, and/or abnormal tone of the muscles involved in speaking. […] Apraxia of speech is a motor speech disorder. […] Symptoms of apraxia of speech include: Difficulty producing or repeating desired sounds, Inconsistent speech errors, such as being able to say something accurately one time, but incorrectly the next, Groping for sounds by effortfully moving the lips and tongue or trying multiple times, Speaking slowly or not at all, Intact automatic speech, such as saying Hi, how are you?, since this is stored in a different area of the brain, Altered speech rhythm or tone.

• #35 Dysarthria After Stroke: How It Differs from Other Speech Disorders – Neurolutions

  https://www.neurolutions.com/after-stroke/dysarthria-after-stroke-how-it-differs-from-other-speech-disorders/

  Dysarthria is a speech disorder caused by weakened or uncoordinated muscles in the face, jaw, tongue, larynx, or vocal cords. It often occurs after a stroke or brain injury, making speech difficult to understand. […] The main sign of dysarthria in stroke or TBI survivors is that their voice changes and becomes unclear or hard to understand. Symptoms can range from mild to severe. […] About 40-50% of people with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) have dysarthria symptoms. Additionally, around 90% of people with Parkinsons disease develop hypokinetic dysarthria. For people with these disorders, the symptoms usually dont improve. However, if people who have had a stroke or brain injury start speech therapy right away, many can improve their speech. […] Dysarthria makes it hard for people to speak clearly and for others to understand them. Others may mistakenly assume they have aphasia, thinking they cannot find the right words instead of struggling with muscle control. […] Dysarthria makes speaking hard because it affects muscle movement in the face, tongue, larynx, or vocal cords. It can also affect swallowing. Strokes or TBIs often cause these muscle problems, and treatment usually combines speech therapy, occupational therapy, and physical therapy.

• #36 Dysarthria After a Car Accident – What Victims Can Do

  https://www.mendezsanchezlaw.com/post/dysarthria-after-a-car-accident-what-victims-can-do

  Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder. When a person suffers from dysarthria, they have difficulty controlling the muscles of their tongue, mouth, lips, and jaw. This means that they may have difficulty forming words correctly, which impacts their ability to communicate verbally. Dysarthria is often caused by the brain or nervous system, but it is also associated with other medical problems such as partial paralysis, cerebrovascular accidents, muscular dystrophy, brain damage, and Parkinsons disease. […] Symptoms of dysarthria may vary depending on the cause of the condition. The most common symptoms include: […] 1 – Slurred speech. This symptom is characterized by a slow, labored speech production. It may also include a lack of speech that can be caused by a persons lack of confidence or feelings of embarrassment.

• #37 Dysarthria | Conditions & Treatments | UR Medicine

  https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/conditions-and-treatments/dysarthria

  Dysarthria is a condition that makes speaking difficult because the muscles needed for speech are weak. […] Symptoms of Dysarthria include unclear speech, speaking too quickly or too slowly, speaking softly, difficulty moving your tongue, lips, and jaw, changes in your voice, sounding hoarse, sounding congested, and sounding choppy or robotic. […] Dysarthria can also be a side effect of some medications, such as those used to treat epilepsy.

• #38 How Do You Treat Dysarthria? How Can Speech be Improved?

  https://www.apollohospitals.com/health-library/how-do-you-treat-dysarthria-how-can-speech-be-improved/

  Dysarthria is a speech dysfunction in which speech muscles become weak or you find it difficult to control them. This condition can lead to slurred or mumbled speech that other people may find hard to understand. […] Dysarthria can happen because of the damage to the brain and the nervous system, and conditions that can lead to paralysis of the face or muscle weakness. […] Those with dysarthria experience mumbled or slurred speech due to limited jaw, tongue and lip movement. There may be changes in the pitch, or vocal quality (hoarseness or breathiness). […] The symptoms of this speech condition may vary from one person to the other, based on the type and underlying cause. Signs include the following: Slow speech. Slurred speech. Inability to talk loudly (sounds like whispering). Rapid speech, which is difficult to understand. Uneven speech rhythm and volume. Difficulty moving the face muscles or tongue. Your voice will change. You might sound breathy or hoarse or like you have nasal congestion (stuffy nose). Physical signs include tremors and weakness of the jaw, lips, etc.

• #39 Stroke Affecting Speech: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Timeline

  https://www.flintrehab.com/stroke-affecting-speech-aphasia/?srsltid=AfmBOorhTvd9tEJq2r84M676FT63CdDd4Myg2EXaMmmiJx5iTnON7DNU

  Every type of language difficulty is treated with different rehabilitation techniques. […] Speech recovery after stroke is highly individualized and difficult to predict. […] While optimal stroke recovery generally occurs in the first few months following stroke, there is always hope for improvements. […] Speech problems after stroke are often diagnosed as aphasia, dysarthria, or apraxia of speech.

• #40 Dysarthria: what is it, symptoms and treatment | Top Doctors

  https://www.topdoctors.co.uk/medical-dictionary/dysarthria

  Dysarthria is a condition characterised by speaking difficulties. Dysarthria is a difficulty of the movement and control of the muscles that enable speech, rather than a difficulty with finding the right words and using language. […] Symptoms of dysarthria can include: irregular speech rhythm, speaking too loudly or quietly, slow or slurred speech, monotone speech, a nasal-sounding or strained voice, problems with moving your tongue or lips. […] The outlook depends on how someone acquired the condition. Some forms of dysarthria will progress over time, while others may remain the same or improve with treatment.

• #41 Dysarthria | MND Association

  https://www.mndassociation.org/professionals/management-of-mnd/dysarthria

  This may rapidly lead to complete loss of speech, even though limb function may be maintained for many months. This is often the case in people with bulbar onset MND, where the muscles in the throat and mouth are affected first. […] The psychological impact of losing speech is often overlooked. Research suggests speech loss, particularly the initial onset, has a strong impact on quality of life. […] Without appropriate support to make their thoughts and wishes known, the person may lose self-determination and control over their life and their environment. The inability to communicate with others can often lead to frustration, isolation, fear and sadness. […] It is difficult to predict when speech problems in MND will develop, and some people experience very rapid speech deterioration once it starts.

• #42 How Do You Treat Dysarthria? How Can Speech be Improved?

  https://www.apollohospitals.com/health-library/how-do-you-treat-dysarthria-how-can-speech-be-improved/

  Dysarthria can indicate something more severe than just a speech anomaly. Make sure to visit your doctor at the earliest if you experience unexplained or abrupt speech changes. […] The treatment for this speech disorder mainly depends on the underlying cause, the severity of the symptoms, and the kind of dysarthria that you have. So, your speech is likely to improve with your treatment. Your doctor will begin your treatment by treating the underlying cause. […] Your doctor is more likely to start language and speech therapy to help you improve your speech and communication. The goals of your treatment might include the following: Strengthening your weak facial muscles. Modifying your speech speed. Increasing your breath support. Developing speech articulation. Assisting your friends and family to interact with you. […] If your dysarthria is because of medication or poorly set dental implants, it can be cured. If it is due to a brain injury or stroke, it may improve with treatment. If you have developed dysarthria after voice-box or tongue surgery, your symptoms may improve with proper treatment.

• #43 Dysarthria: Understanding the Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & More

  https://www.betterspeech.com/post/dysarthria-understanding-the-causes-symptoms-treatment-more

  If you believe you or someone you know is suffering from dysarthria, its important to address the issue quickly. When you seek an evaluation with a speech-language pathologist, theyll tailor treatment based on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. […] Living with dysarthria presents significant challenges, but with the right support and strategies, individuals can maintain effective communication and a good quality of life. Regular speech therapy and practice can lead to continued improvements in speech and communication skills. […] Dysarthria is a complex motor speech disorder caused by various neurological and systemic conditions. It significantly impacts communication but can be managed with appropriate diagnosis and treatment. Early intervention, tailored speech therapy, and support from family and healthcare professionals are essential for improving speech and enhancing the quality of life for individuals with dysarthria.

• #44 Dysarthria (Slurred Speech): Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/dysarthria

  Your outlook will depend on your specific diagnosis. In many cases, working with a speech-language pathologist may help you improve your ability to communicate. For example, the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association reports that about two-thirds of adults with central nervous system disease can improve their speech skills with the help of a speech-language pathologist.

• #45 Slurred Speech: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment

  https://www.carehospitals.com/symptoms/slurred-speech

  Slurred speech, also known as „dysarthria”, occurs when the muscles of your face are too weak to form proper words, or there is difficulty in controlling them. […] Signs and symptoms of slurred speech may vary depending on the underlying cause. They may include the following: A slower rate of speech, Speaking in a whisper, Fast, incomprehensible speech, Speaking with a raspy voice, Uneven or abnormal speech rhythm and volume, Speaking in a monotonous voice, Difficulty in moving or controlling the tongue or the facial muscles. […] Persistent slurred speech can be an indicator of underlying health conditions. If individuals experience slurred speech along with other symptoms causing discomfort, it is recommended that they seek medical attention for a prompt diagnosis and effective treatment to prevent any future medical complications.

• #46 Speech Therapy: Symptoms of Dysarthria (Slurred Speech)

  https://thespringssc.com/2025/03/symptoms-of-dysarthria-slurred-speech-in-seniors/

  While slurred speech is a side effect of another health condition, it’s important to give it the attention it needs for your loved one to recover from it. Having problems communicating can cause emotional damage to your loved one as he withdraws from trying to communicate with others and isolates himself. Not being able to communicate their desires and needs can lead to depression and anger in your loved one, creating an unhealthy mental state when he’s already going through other health issues that have put a strain on him physically and emotionally.

• #47 Dysarthria: What to Know About Slurred Speech from Nerve Damage | Ability Central

  https://abilitycentral.org/article/dysarthria-what-know-about-slurred-speech-nerve-damage

  The motor speech disorder dysarthria is a condition in which nerve damage weakens the muscles used for speech. People with dysarthria have difficulty speaking. Their speech may be slurred, breathy, strained, or otherwise difficult to understand. […] The primary symptom of dysarthria is unclear or garbled speech. Other symptoms include: Difficulty moving the mouth, tongue, or lips. Slurred speech. Unusually slow or unusually fast speech. Difficulty controlling voice volume. A nasal, strained, or monotone voice. Hesitation in talking. Speaking in short bursts instead of complete sentences. […] Dysarthria can cause communication problems that lead to social difficulties, depression, and social isolation. It can also cause problems at work or in school, particularly in roles that require public speaking.

• #48 Dysarthria Therapy – Regaining Your Voice

  https://speechpathologysolutions.com/dysarthria-therapy-regaining-your-voice/

  Dysarthria is a motor speech disorder that affects the muscles used to produce speech, leading to slurred or slow speech that can be difficult to understand. […] Dysarthria affects the ability to speak which can vary in severity based on the underlying cause. It can manifest in several ways: […] Slurred speech is one of the hallmark symptoms of dysarthria and is often the most noticeable. It occurs when dysarthria affects the articulatory muscles, making it difficult to form words correctly. […] Individuals with dysarthria may experience variations in speech rate; some may speak unusually fast, while others may speak slowly. […] Reduced voice volume or a whispery voice is common in dysarthria, particularly when the respiratory muscles involved in speech are weakened. […] Dysarthria can strip away the natural inflection and rhythm that typically characterizes speech, resulting in a monotonous tone.

• #49 Dysarthria Treatment – Pittsburgh, PA – Golla ENT

  https://gollaent.com/ent-services/dysarthria/

  Dysarthria affects your speech and the quality of your voice. Dysarthria symptoms include: […] Difficulty moving the tongue, lips or facial muscles. […] Slow speech. […] Slurred speech. […] Speech that is difficult to understand. […] In addition to affecting your speech and voice, dysarthria can make chewing and swallowing difficult as these muscles are affected, as well. […] Dysarthria is more than a nuisance; it can be a symptom of a serious underlying condition. It also makes communication difficult. Difficulty with communication can lead to depression, withdrawal from social activities and strain relationships with friends and family. Treatment of dysarthria is imperative for emotional health.

• #50 10 Common Signs of Dysarthria in Children and Adults

  https://www.mywellnesshub.in/blog/signs-of-dysarthria-in-children-and-adults/

  A person with dysarthria might speak very softly or in a voice that lacks normal ups and downs. The speech may sound robotic or flat, with little expression. […] Speech may come out in uneven bursts. Some words may be rushed, while others are stretched out. This irregular pattern makes it harder for others to follow the conversation. […] Most adults with dysarthria are aware that their speech has changed. This can lead to embarrassment, withdrawal, or frustration, especially in social or professional situations. […] Dysarthria can be treated, and the right approach can make a big difference in how well a person communicates. While theres no one-size-fits-all cure, speech therapy helps strengthen muscles, improve clarity, and boost confidence. […] The main goal of dysarthria treatment is to help the person speak more clearly and be better understood in daily life. Depending on the cause and severity, therapy may focus on improving speech clarity and volume, enhancing breath control for longer phrases, strengthening lip, tongue, and jaw movements, increasing facial muscle coordination, and building confidence in everyday communication.

• #51 Dysarthria

  https://sltforkids.co.uk/conditions-we-treat/dysarthria/

  Some potential problems that may arise for a child who has dysarthria include: Difficulties being understood by others. […] Difficulties being able to express emotion through their voice. […] Implications on the child’s confidence levels. […] Difficulty taking part in activities around school or extra-curricular activities that require speech. […] Difficulty communicating with friends and family. […] Speech and language therapy can be extremely beneficial for a child who has dysarthria, it can work on creating less effortful and more intelligible speech. This can increase the child’s communication skills. […] A child who has dysarthria can have difficulty taking part in aspects of school life as they struggle to be understood.

• #52 Slurred Speech: What Causes Dysarthria? – Open Lineschevron-leftchevron-rightchevron-upchevron-rightchevron-leftarrow-backstarphonequotecheckbox-checkedsearchwrenchinfoshieldplayconnectionmobilecoin-dollarspoon-knifeticketpushpinlocationgiftfirefeedbubble

  https://www.openlines.com/blog/slurred-speech-what-causes-dysarthria/

  Difficulty regulating vocal loudness (too loud or too quiet) […] Nasal voice quality […] Strained voice quality […] Hoarse voice quality […] Breathy voice quality […] Speech that sounds choppy and effortful, because it is difficult to say more than a few words in one breath […] Limited vocal expressivity – may sound monotone […] Difficulty precisely articulating multisyllabic words due to difficulty coordinating movements of tongue, lips, cheeks, and mouth […] Difficulty controlling rate of speech that is too slow or very fast. Dysarthria is a neurologically based speech disorder that can make it difficult to breathe, voice (phonate), and articulate sounds and words with ease and efficiency. These subsystems work together in a balanced way to produce speech. Disturbances or weaknesses in any of the muscles involved in the speech systems make it hard to speak with adequate loudness, clarity, and comfort. Many living with dysarthria share that they have difficulty participating in social situations, such as speaking on the phone or meeting up with friends. Difficulties with speaking can affect one’s comfort communicating with others, ultimately diminishing one’s communicative confidence and participation in life activities.

• #53 Dysarthria: What to Know About Slurred Speech from Nerve Damage | Ability Central

  https://abilitycentral.org/article/dysarthria-what-know-about-slurred-speech-nerve-damage

  Dysarthria treatment depends on the cause, severity, and type of dysarthria. Treatment options include: Speech and language therapy to improve communication and, if possible, regain normal speech. Speech strategies to give the best chance of being heard and understood. […] Much of managing dysarthria symptoms involves finding new or adaptive methods of communication. These might include: Using hand gestures or sign language. Writing by hand. Typing on a computer or cell phone. Using text-to-speech software. […] When speaking, many people with dysarthria find they communicate more clearly by: Speaking slowly. Using short phrases. Pausing between sentences to check for listener comprehension. Starting a conversation with a single word so the listener knows what you’re talking about. For example, saying travel before discussing travel logistics.

• #54 Childhood Dysarthria | Types of Dysarthria in Children

  https://circlecare4kids.com/conditions/childhood-dysarthria/

  By improving speech and communication abilities, speech therapy can boost a childs self-esteem and confidence in social interactions. […] Speech therapy can address difficulties with chewing, swallowing, and other oral motor functions often associated with dysarthria. […] Speech therapy is personalized to meet each childs unique needs and goals, ensuring the most effective and targeted interventions.

Zobacz więcej