Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Diarrhoea and vomiting

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/diarrhoea-and-vomiting/

  Diarrhoea and vomiting are common in adults, children and babies. They’re often caused by a stomach bug and should stop in a few days. […] Diarrhoea usually stops within 5 to 7 days. […] Vomiting usually stops in 1 or 2 days. […] You or your child have diarrhoea for more than 7 days or vomiting for more than 2 days.

• #1 Gastroenteritis (stomach flu) | Gouvernement du Québec

  https://www.quebec.ca/en/health/health-issues/flu-cold-and-gastroenteritis/gastroenteritis

  Gastroenteritis, also referred to as „stomach flu,” is inflammation of the stomach and intestinal lining, which causes diarrhea and vomiting. […] The main symptoms of gastroenteritis are the following: Diarrhea: at least 3 liquid or semi-liquid stools every 24 hours or stool that is more abundant and frequent than usual. […] Symptoms of gastroenteritis usually last 24 to 72 hours. However, they can last up to 10 days if the stomach flu began while you were travelling abroad or upon your return. […] Gastroenteritis may progress rapidly and can be dangerous, especially in infants and young children. […] The main complication of gastroenteritis is dehydration. It occurs when the body eliminates too large a quantity of water and mineral salts, which are essential to the proper functioning of the body. […] Watch for signs of dehydration. To avoid dehydration, follow the advice given in Hydrating and rehydrating when you have gastroenteritis.

• #1 Diarrhoea – symptoms, causes, self care and treatments | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/diarrhoea

  Most diarrhoea is mild and clears up in a few days without treatment. […] Diarrhoea has many different causes, but gastroenteritis is a common one. […] As well as the loose and watery stools of diarrhoea, you may sometimes have other symptoms, including: nausea (feeling sick) and vomiting (being sick). […] Diarrhoea can lead to dehydration and an electrolyte (salt) imbalance, making it dangerous especially in very young or older people, who can get worse quickly. […] Diarrhoea may cause dehydration because more fluids are lost than normal. It can also lead to an imbalance in electrolytes (salts and minerals your body needs to function properly.) […] Some people may develop temporary lactose intolerance after an episode of diarrhoea or gastroenteritis. See your doctor if the symptoms continue for more than a couple of weeks. […] There are many causes of diarrhoea and vomiting, the most common being viral. Other symptoms such as headache, fever, generalised aches and pains and tiredness may also be present.

• #1

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/tips-tools/symptom-checker/Pages/symptomviewer.aspx?symptom=Vomiting+With+Diarrhea

  Vomiting and diarrhea occur together. Vomiting is the forceful emptying (throwing up) of what is in the stomach. It’s normal for nausea (upset stomach) to come before each bout of vomiting. Diarrhea means 3 or more watery or very loose stools. Reason: 1 or 2 loose stools can be normal with changes in diet. The illness starts with vomiting. Watery loose stools follow within 12-24 hours. The main risk of vomiting is dehydration. Dehydration means the body has lost too much fluid. Watery stools with vomiting carry the greatest risk for causing dehydration. The main risk of diarrhea is dehydration. Frequent, watery stools can cause dehydration. Vomiting with watery diarrhea is the most common cause of dehydration. For the first 3 or 4 hours, your child may vomit everything. Then the stomach settles down. Moderate vomiting usually stops in 12 to 24 hours. Mild vomiting (1-2 times per day) with diarrhea may last a little longer. It can continue off and on for up to a week.

• #1 Vomiting & Diarrhea: Causes and Treatments

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/vomiting-and-diarrhea-7198084

  The symptoms associated with vomiting and diarrhea can vary depending on the cause. […] Symptoms related to vomiting include: Nausea, Gagging or retching, Abdominal pain, Pale skin, Drowsiness, Uncontrollable expulsion of stomach contents, An increase in saliva that leads to drooling or spitting, Extreme thirst from dehydration. […] Diarrhea-associated symptoms can include: Cramping or abdominal pain, Nausea, Bloody stools, Fever and chills, Light-headedness or dizziness, An urgency to use the bathroom that may result in a loss of bowel control. […] Vomiting and diarrhea can be mild and may not be a cause for concern if they occur only once. However, if either affliction persists, it can lead to severe dehydration and require emergency medical care. […] Many people can develop mild cases of food poisoning. However, the infection can lead to severe vomiting and diarrhea, depleting the body of nutrients and water. This can be life-threatening if left unchecked.

• #1 Stomach Flu: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/12418-stomach-flu

  Stomach flu causes gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms like diarrhea, abdominal cramps and nausea. […] The most common stomach flu symptoms are nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. With stomach flu, gastrointestinal symptoms often come on suddenly. […] These symptoms come from inflammation in your stomach and intestines. […] For many people, stomach flu symptoms seem to come on suddenly and out of nowhere. You might throw up or have diarrhea many times on that first day. Symptoms occur one to two days after you were exposed to the virus. […] The stages of stomach flu infection are: Exposure, Incubation, Acute infection, Recovery. […] Stomach flu usually only lasts a few days, but it may last up to a week or two in severe cases. […] Yes, its very contagious. You should limit your contact with others when you have it.

• #1 Viral gastroenteritis (stomach flu) – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/viral-gastroenteritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20378847

  Viral gastroenteritis is an intestinal infection that includes signs and symptoms such as watery diarrhea, stomach cramps, nausea or vomiting, and sometimes fever. […] Gastroenteritis, on the other hand, attacks your intestines, causing signs and symptoms such as: Watery, usually nonbloody diarrhea — bloody diarrhea usually means you have a different, more severe infection; Nausea, vomiting or both; Stomach cramps and pain; Occasional muscle aches or headache; Low-grade fever. […] Depending on the cause, viral gastroenteritis symptoms may appear within 1-3 days after you’re infected and can range from mild to severe. Symptoms usually last just a day or two, but occasionally they may last up to 14 days. […] If you’re an adult, call your health care provider if: You’ve been vomiting or having diarrhea for more than two days. […] The main complication of viral gastroenteritis is dehydration — a severe loss of water and essential salts and minerals. If you’re healthy and drink enough to replace fluids you lose from vomiting and diarrhea, dehydration shouldn’t be a problem.

• #1 Gastroenteritis | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/gastroenteritis/

  Gastroenteritis is a very common condition that causes diarrhoea and vomiting. The main symptoms of gastroenteritis are: sudden, watery diarrhoea, feeling sick, vomiting, which can be projectile, and a mild fever. The symptoms usually appear up to a day after becoming infected. They typically last less than a week, but can sometimes last longer. If you experience sudden diarrhoea and vomiting, the best thing to do is stay at home until you’re feeling better. Your GP may suggest sending off a sample of your poo to a laboratory to check what’s causing your symptoms. Antibiotics may be prescribed if this shows you have a bacterial infection. You can look after your child at home if they have diarrhoea and vomiting. You don’t normally need to get medical advice unless their symptoms don’t improve or there’s a risk of a more serious problem. Phone 111 or your GP practice if you have symptoms of severe dehydration, like persistent dizziness, only passing small amounts of urine or no urine at all, you have bloody diarrhoea, you’re vomiting constantly and are unable to keep down any fluids, you have a fever over 38C (100.4F), your symptoms haven’t started to improve after a few days, in the last few weeks you’ve returned from a part of the world with poor sanitation, you have a serious underlying condition, such as kidney disease, inflammatory bowel disease or a weak immune system, and have diarrhoea and vomiting. Your GP may suggest sending off a sample of your child’s poo to a laboratory to confirm what’s causing their symptoms. Antibiotics may be prescribed if this shows they have a bacterial infection.

• #1 Vomiting With Diarrhea

  https://www.seattlechildrens.org/conditions/a-z/vomiting-with-diarrhea/

  Vomiting and diarrhea occur together. Vomiting is the forceful emptying (throwing up) of what is in the stomach. It’s normal for nausea (upset stomach) to come before each bout of vomiting. Diarrhea means 3 or more watery or very loose stools. Reason: 1 or 2 loose stools can be normal with changes in diet. The illness starts with vomiting. Watery loose stools follow within 12-24 hours. The main risk of vomiting is dehydration. Dehydration means the body has lost too much fluid. Watery stools with vomiting carry the greatest risk for causing dehydration. The main risk of diarrhea is dehydration. Frequent, watery stools can cause dehydration. Vomiting with watery diarrhea is the most common cause of dehydration. Moderate vomiting usually stops in 12 to 24 hours. Mild vomiting (1-2 times per day) with diarrhea may last a little longer. It can continue off and on for up to a week.

• #1 Gastroenteritis in children | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/gastroenteritis-in-children

  Gastroenteritis (or gastro) is a bowel infection that causes diarrhoea and sometimes vomiting. Diarrhoea is runny, watery bowel motions. […] Vomiting may settle quickly, but diarrhoea may last up to 10 days. Bouts of gastro can cause dehydration, which can be dangerous for very young babies. […] Children may not have all symptoms, but in general, gastroenteritis symptoms can include: loss of appetite, bloating, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, bloody stools (poo) in some cases, pus in stools in some cases, generally feeling unwell including lethargy and body aches. […] If your child has gastroenteritis, make sure they drink clear fluids (or breastmilk if your baby is breastfeeding). Babies under 6 months old can become ill quickly with gastro they need extra fluids to replace fluids lost by diarrhoea and vomiting.

• #1 Gastroenteritis | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/gastroenteritis

  Gastroenteritis (’gastro’) is a common and very contagious illness that can affect your stomach and intestines, causing vomiting and diarrhoea. […] Vomiting usually lasts 1 to 2 days. Diarrhoea usually lasts around 1 to 3 days, but can last up to 10 days. […] If you have severe gastro, you may: be unable to keep down any fluids, pass less urine (wee), feel faint when you stand up. […] You should see your doctor if you have: severe abdominal (tummy) pain that is getting worse, frequent vomiting or diarrhoea, blood or mucus in your poo, a fever, signs of dehydration for example, passing little or no urine, urine that is dark or smelly or feeling faint or dizzy when standing. […] The most common and serious complication of gastro in babies and children is dehydration. […] Older people are at a higher risk of having complications from gastro. They are at a higher risk of becoming severely dehydrated, and are more likely to need an intravenous (IV) fluid drip to replace fluids lost from diarrhoea or vomiting.

• #1 Norovirus infection – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/norovirus/symptoms-causes/syc-20355296

  Norovirus infection can cause severe vomiting and diarrhea that start suddenly. Diarrhea, stomach pain and vomiting typically begin 12 to 48 hours after exposure. Norovirus infection symptoms usually last 1 to 3 days. Most people recover completely without treatment. However, for some people — especially young children, older adults and people with other medical conditions — vomiting and diarrhea can be severely dehydrating and require medical attention. […] Signs and symptoms usually begin 12 to 48 hours after your first exposure to a norovirus and last 1 to 3 days. You can continue to shed virus in your stool for several weeks after recovery. This shedding can last weeks to months if you have another medical condition. […] Seek medical attention if you develop diarrhea that doesn’t go away within several days. Also call your health care provider if you experience severe vomiting, bloody stools, stomach pain or dehydration.

• #1 Gastroenteritis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gastroenteritis

  Symptoms may include diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. […] Gastroenteritis usually involves both diarrhea and vomiting. […] Signs and symptoms usually begin 12-72 hours after contracting the infectious agent. […] If due to a virus, the condition usually resolves within one week. […] Some viral infections also involve fever, fatigue, headache and muscle pain. […] If the stool is bloody, the cause is less likely to be viral and more likely to be bacterial. […] Some bacterial infections cause severe abdominal pain and may persist for several weeks. […] Children infected with rotavirus usually make a full recovery within three to eight days. […] Dehydration is a common complication of diarrhea. […] Severe dehydration in children may be recognized if the skin color and position returns slowly when pressed. […] This is called „prolonged capillary refill” and „poor skin turgor”. […] Abnormal breathing is another sign of severe dehydration.

• #1 What To Do If You Have Vomiting and Diarrhea at the Same Time

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/vomiting-and-diarrhea/

  Vomiting (throwing up) and diarrhea (watery bowel movements) are common symptoms of gastroenteritis. Gastroenteritis is the inflammation and irritation of the stomach and intestines. Vomiting and diarrhea at the same time can be harmful, because they can cause dehydration. Dehydration occurs when you lose too much fluid. Young children and the elderly can become dehydrated quickly, but dehydration can occur at any age. […] Vomiting and diarrhea are usually considered symptoms themselves. You will know you are vomiting when you begin throwing up. You will know you have diarrhea when you begin having watery bowel movements. […] The main result or sign of both vomiting and diarrhea is dehydration. It can be hard to tell if a person is dehydrated. Usually, by the time a person has signs of dehydration, they have been dehydrated for a while. If you notice any of the following signs of dehydration, especially in babies, children, and the elderly, talk to your doctor. If dehydration is severe, your loved one may need to be given fluids intravenously (by vein through an IV tube) to replace fluids lost through vomiting or diarrhea.

• #1 What To Do If You Have Vomiting and Diarrhea at the Same Time

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/vomiting-and-diarrhea/

  Signs of dehydration include: Little or lack of urine, or urine that is darker than usual. Urinating less frequently than usual (fewer than 6 wet diapers a day for infants and 8 hours or more without urinating for children). Thirst (babies may show thirst by crying, being irritable and eager to drink when something is offered). Irritability. Not eating as well as usual. Weight loss. Dry mouth. No tears when crying. In babies who are younger than 18 months old, sunken soft spots on the top of their heads. Skin that isn’t as springy or elastic as usual. Sleepiness. […] Vomiting and diarrhea can be caused by a number of things. These include viruses, bacteria, parasites, certain medicines, or certain medical conditions. Foods that are hard to digest (such as too many sweets) and undercooked (raw or partially raw) meat or fish can also cause vomiting and diarrhea.

• #1 Gastroenteritis in Children – Children’s Health Issues – MSD Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/children-s-health-issues/gastrointestinal-disorders-in-children/gastroenteritis-in-children

  Infants are much more likely than older children to become dehydrated and develop serious side effects. Infants who are dehydrated need medical care right away. […] Danger signs of dehydration in infants that require immediate medical care include the following: The soft spot on the head is sunken. The eyes are sunken. There are no tears when they cry. The mouth is dry. They are not producing much urine. They have reduced alertness and energy (lethargy).

• #1 Overview of Gastroenteritis – Digestive Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/digestive-disorders/gastroenteritis/overview-of-gastroenteritis

  Excessive vomiting or diarrhea can result in electrolyte problems such as low levels of potassium in the blood (hypokalemia) and dehydration, which can cause low blood pressure and a rapid heart rate. […] Low blood volume (hypovolemic shock) and kidney failure can occur in severe cases. […] Diarrhea is the most common symptom and may be accompanied by visible blood and mucus. […] Parasites typically cause diarrhea that may last for a long time and may cause diarrhea that comes and goes. The diarrhea is usually not bloody.

• #1

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease

  Diarrhoea can last several days and can leave the body without the water and salts that are necessary for survival. […] Diarrhoea is usually a symptom of an infection in the intestinal tract, which can be caused by a variety of bacterial, viral and parasitic organisms. […] Diarrhoea is a leading cause of malnutrition in children under 5 years old. […] The most severe threat posed by diarrhoea is dehydration. During a diarrhoeal episode, water and electrolytes (sodium, chloride, potassium and bicarbonate) are lost through liquid stools, vomit, sweat, urine and breathing. Dehydration occurs when these losses are not replaced. […] Diarrhoea is a symptom of infections caused by a host of bacterial, viral and parasitic organisms, most of which are spread by faeces-contaminated water. […] Each diarrhoeal episode, in turn, makes their malnutrition even worse. Diarrhoea is a leading cause of malnutrition in children under 5 years old.

• #1 Vomiting and Diarrhea: Causes, Diagnosis, When to Seek ER Treatment

  https://www.eroftexas.com/vomiting-diarrhea/

  Vomiting and diarrhea are common symptoms that affect people of all ages, from babies and toddlers to adults. […] Most of the time, these two symptoms are the result of a stomach bug or food poisoning, and they resolve within a few days. […] Vomiting and Diarrhea are very common, and they usually may disappear on their its own. There are two types of diarrhea Acute and Chronic Diarrhea. […] Acute diarrhea is diarrhea that lasts a short time, usually one or two days but it may last longer and will usually go away on its own. Chronic diarrhea is diarrhea that lasts longer up to four weeks and could be a symptom of a more serious chronic disease. Symptoms of chronic diarrhea may appear continuously or they may come and go. […] Frequent vomiting could also lead to dehydration which left untreated, could lead to serious medical conditions and death.

• #1 Norovirus infection – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/norovirus/symptoms-causes/syc-20355296

  For most people, norovirus infection usually clears up within a few days and isn’t life-threatening. But in some people — especially young children; older adults; and people with weakened immune systems or other medical conditions or who are pregnant — norovirus infection can be severe. Norovirus infection can cause severe dehydration and even death.

• #1 Tummy Troubles and When to Worry about Vomiting and Diarrhea  | Arkansas Children’s Blog

  https://www.archildrens.org/blog/tummy-troubles-when-to-worry-about-vomiting-and-diarrhea

  Diarrhea can start quickly and can last from seven days to two weeks, with several loose bowel movements throughout the day. […] Children may also experience a fever, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting and a loss of appetite. […] If your child has abdominal pain that comes on suddenly or persists it may require prompt attention, if your child has additional symptoms, such as a change in bowel pattern, vomiting, fever (temperature of 100.4F or higher), sore throat or headache. […] Your child’s vomit contains blood, bile (green substance) or it looks like it has coffee grounds in it. […] Your child has signs of dehydration such as a dry mouth, crying without tears, or urinating less than three times in a 24-hour period. […] Your child has blood during bowel movements.

• #1 Gastroenteritis in Children – Children’s Health Issues – MSD Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/children-s-health-issues/gastrointestinal-disorders-in-children/gastroenteritis-in-children

  Gastroenteritis is inflammation of the digestive tract that results in vomiting, diarrhea, or both and is sometimes accompanied by fever or abdominal cramps. […] The infection causes a combination of vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, fever, and poor appetite, which can lead to dehydration. […] Symptoms of gastroenteritis are usually a combination of vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, fever, and poor appetite. […] The most common symptoms of gastroenteritis, regardless of cause, are vomiting and diarrhea. Gastroenteritis resulting from a viral or bacterial infection can also cause fever. Abdominal pain is also common. […] Rotavirus may last 5 to 7 days in infants and young children. Vomiting occurs in most children, and some have fever. The diarrhea is watery but does not contain blood. The diarrhea is more likely in children to cause severe dehydration and even death.

• #1 Gastroenteritis in Children – Children’s Health Issues – MSD Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/children-s-health-issues/gastrointestinal-disorders-in-children/gastroenteritis-in-children

  Norovirus causes more vomiting than diarrhea in children and lasts 1 to 3 days. Children have abdominal cramps and may have fever, headache, and muscle aches. […] Bacteria are likely to cause fever and bloody diarrhea and some types cause abdominal cramps. […] Parasites typically cause diarrhea that may last for a long time and may cause diarrhea that comes and goes. The diarrhea is usually not bloody. Children may be very tired and lose weight when they have long-lasting diarrhea caused by a parasitic infection. […] The most common complication of severe gastroenteritis is dehydration (too little fluid in the body), which occurs when a lot of fluid is lost in vomit and stool. Children who are slightly dehydrated are thirsty, but seriously dehydrated children become listless, irritable, or sluggish (lethargic).

• #1 Diarrhoea and vomiting | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/diarrhoea-and-vomiting

  Diarrhoea and vomiting are common in adults, children and babies. You can have them together or on their own. They’re usually caused by a stomach bug and should pass in a few days. […] You’re most infectious from when the symptoms start until two days after they’ve passed. Stay off school or work until the symptoms have stopped for two days. […] For children: diarrhoea usually lasts five to seven days, and in most children it stops within two weeks; vomiting usually lasts one or two days, and in most children it stops within three days. […] For adults: diarrhoea lasting for up to 10 days is not unusual; vomiting usually lasts for two days.

• #1 What To Do If You Have Vomiting and Diarrhea at the Same Time

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/vomiting-and-diarrhea/

  Anyone who has had several bouts of vomiting or diarrhea will need to replace lost fluids and electrolytes. […] Vomiting and diarrhea usually don’t last long. If it’s caused by an infection, vomiting and diarrhea are a way for the body to get rid of the infection. Giving medicines that stop vomiting and diarrhea may actually interfere with the body’s efforts to heal. Antibiotics are usually not necessary either. Talk to your family doctor if you or a loved one is frequently vomiting or having diarrhea.

• #1

  https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease

  Key measures to treat diarrhoea include the following. Rehydration with oral rehydration salts (ORS) solution. ORS is a mixture of clean water, salt and sugar. It costs a few cents per treatment. ORS is absorbed in the small intestine and replaces the water and electrolytes lost in the faeces. […] Zinc supplements reduce the duration of a diarrhoea episode by 25% and are associated with a 30% reduction in stool volume.

• #1 Vomiting and Diarrhea in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2001/0215/p775.html

  Vomiting (throwing up) and diarrhea (frequent, watery bowel movements) can be caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites, foods that are hard to digest (such as too many sweets) and other things. […] They can be. Vomiting and diarrhea can be harmful to children because they can cause dehydration. Dehydration occurs when too much fluid is lost from the body. Young babies can become dehydrated very quickly, but dehydration can occur in a child of any age. Signs of dehydration include: […] If your child has had several bouts of vomiting or diarrhea, he or she will need to drink fluids to replace those lost with vomiting and diarrhea. […] Yes. Even though eating may cause the amount of diarrhea to increase, your child will be able to get some nutrients from the food. This may prevent your child from losing too much weight and help your child get better quicker. […] This usually isn’t needed. Diarrhea doesn’t usually last long. If it is caused by an infection, diarrhea is a way for the body to get rid of the infection. Giving medicines that stop diarrhea may interfere with the body’s efforts to get rid of the infection.

• #1 Diarrhoea and vomiting

  https://www.healthywa.wa.gov.au/Articles/A_E/Diarrhoea-and-vomiting

  Symptoms usually begin about one to two days after exposure to the source of the infection. […] Vomiting usually settles quickly but diarrhoea may last up to seven days. […] Most people with gastro will feel better in a day or two. […] If the cause is viral, antibiotics will not help. […] signs of dehydration dry mouth, excessive thirst, dizziness, passing little or dark coloured urine.

• #1 Diagnosis – Diarrhoea and Vomiting Caused by Gastroenteritis – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK63841/

  Suspect gastroenteritis if there is a sudden change in stool consistency to loose or watery stools, and/or a sudden onset of vomiting. […] Persistence of diarrhoea for a longer period of time than expected might be an important pointer to an alternative diagnosis, for example a non-infectious gastrointestinal disorder such as coeliac disease. […] Be aware that in children with gastroenteritis: diarrhoea usually lasts for 5-7 days, and in most it stops within 2 weeks; vomiting usually lasts for 1-2 days, and in most it stops within 3 days. […] Evidence from three studies suggested that raised CRP levels had a high diagnostic ability in detecting bacterial causes, with AROC ranging between 0.83 and 0.94, but the studies used different cut-off values to define a positive CRP test.

• #2 Diarrhoea and vomiting

  https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/diarrhoea-vomiting/

  Diarrhoea and vomiting are common in adults, children and babies. […] Vomiting and diarrhoea can happen on their own or together. When vomiting and diarrhoea are caused by an infection it is called gastroenteritis. […] Diarrhoea caused by gastroenteritis usually starts to improve within 3 days but can last up to 7 days. Vomiting usually lasts 1 to 2 days. […] This is the same for both adults and children.

• #2 Diarrhea (0-12 Months)

  https://www.seattlechildrens.org/conditions/a-z/diarrhea-0-12-months/

  Sudden increase in the number and looseness of stools. Diarrhea means 3 or more watery or very loose stools. The main risk of diarrhea is dehydration. Frequent, watery stools can cause dehydration. Dehydration means that the body has lost too much fluid. This can happen with vomiting and/or diarrhea. Dehydration is the most important complication of diarrhea. Diarrhea in a breastfed baby is sometimes hard to tell. If stools suddenly increase in number and looseness, suspect diarrhea. If it lasts for 3 or more stools, the baby has diarrhea. Suspect diarrhea if the stools suddenly increase in number or looseness. If it lasts for 3 or more stools, the baby has diarrhea. Diarrhea lasts 5-14 days. Severe diarrhea only occurs on the first 1 or 2 days. But, loose stools can last for 1 to 2 weeks. […] Call your doctor if dehydration suspected (no urine in over 8 hours, dark urine, very dry mouth, and no tears). Diarrhea lasts over 2 weeks.

• #2 Nausea and Diarrhea: 20 Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/nausea-and-diarrhea

  Other symptoms can include: diarrhea, intense sweating, retching, severe nausea. […] Symptoms include: diarrhea, stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting. […] Symptoms include: feeling queasy, breaking out in cold sweats, getting urgent diarrhea, vomiting. […] Digestive issues are common occurrences during pregnancy. These include: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation. […] Some prescription medications may cause vomiting and diarrhea as side effects. These include some antibiotics. […] Common symptoms include: mild-to-severe vomiting, diarrhea, cramping, low-grade fever. […] Symptoms vary based on the toxin. They include: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, muscles weakness, abdominal pain, muscle spasms. […] Symptoms include: diarrhea, indigestion, nausea, feeling overly full, vomiting.

• #2 Diarrhoea and vomiting – Alder Hey Children’s Hospital Trust

  https://www.alderhey.nhs.uk/conditions/symptoms-checker/diarrhoea-vomiting/

  Feeling sick and then vomiting is usually the first sign that your child has a ‘tummy bug’. Diarrhoea tends to occur after your child has started vomiting and means passing frequent watery poos that are offensive in nature. […] Vomiting tends to last for 1 to 2 days, and diarrhoea tends to last for about 5 days but can last longer. […] The charts below show how long diarrhoea and vomiting last in children when they have a tummy bug.

• #2 Gastroenteritis: What It Is, Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/gastroenteritis

  Gastroenteritis is inflammation that spreads from your stomach into your intestines, causing pain, vomiting and diarrhea. When it feels like its coming out both ends, youve usually ingested a virus, bacteria or chemical by mistake. Most of the time, it goes away by itself. […] Common symptoms of gastroenteritis include diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. Gastroenteritis affects your stomach and intestines, causing symptoms like nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. […] Symptoms involving your intestines (diarrhea, cramps), together with symptoms involving your stomach (nausea, vomiting) are the hallmarks of gastroenteritis. Youll know it if its coming out both ends. […] Gastroenteritis symptoms often come on suddenly. Gastrointestinal symptoms appear first. You might have diarrhea, stomach pain or cramps, nausea and/or vomiting many times in a short period.

• #2 Patient education: Nausea and vomiting in infants and children (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/nausea-and-vomiting-in-infants-and-children-beyond-the-basics/print

  Nausea and vomiting are common in children. These symptoms are usually related to a mild, brief illness, often a viral infection. Although most children recover from nausea and vomiting without any treatment, it is important to know when to seek help if the child does not get better. […] Vomiting caused by gastroenteritis usually begins suddenly and resolves quickly, often within 24 to 48 hours. Other signs of gastroenteritis can include nausea, diarrhea, fever, or abdominal pain. […] Most children with vomiting will start to get better within approximately 24 hours. You should talk to a health care provider if the vomiting is getting worse or is not getting better within 24 hours, or if you have any other questions or concerns.

• #2 Diarrhoea and vomiting

  https://www.healthywa.wa.gov.au/Articles/A_E/Diarrhoea-and-vomiting

  Symptoms usually begin about one to two days after exposure to the source of the infection. […] Vomiting usually settles quickly but diarrhoea may last up to seven days. […] Most people with gastro will feel better in a day or two. […] If the cause is viral, antibiotics will not help. […] signs of dehydration dry mouth, excessive thirst, dizziness, passing little or dark coloured urine.

• #2 Overview of Gastroenteritis – Digestive Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/digestive-disorders/gastroenteritis/overview-of-gastroenteritis

  Gastroenteritis is usually caused by an infection. […] Typically, people have diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain. […] Gastroenteritis usually consists of mild to severe diarrhea that may be accompanied by loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, cramps, and discomfort in the abdomen. […] The type and severity of the symptoms depend on the type and quantity of microorganism or toxin ingested. Symptoms also vary according to the persons resistance. […] Symptoms often begin suddenly sometimes dramatically with a loss of appetite, nausea, or vomiting. […] Diarrhea is the most common symptom and may be accompanied by visible blood and mucus. […] Severe vomiting and diarrhea can lead to marked fluid loss (dehydration). […] Symptoms of dehydration include weakness, decreased frequency of urination, dry mouth, and, in infants, lack of tears when crying.

• #2 Vomiting and Diarrhea at the Same Time: Causes and Management

  https://www.healthline.com/health/diarrhea-and-vomiting

  Viral or bacterial infections may cause diarrhea and vomiting, but these symptoms can also occur with other health conditions, like anxiety and parasites. […] Though a virus is usually the culprit, certain medical conditions and side effects of medications can also lead to vomiting and diarrhea at the same time. […] Vomiting and diarrhea can happen for a number of reasons. […] A stomach virus or bacterial gastrointestinal (GI) infection is the most likely cause in children, but these infections can also affect adults. […] A number of other reasons exist for these symptoms, such as drinking too much alcohol. Often, vomiting and diarrhea occur together with fever, but not always. […] In addition to vomiting and watery diarrhea, symptoms of viral gastroenteritis include abdominal pain and cramping, nausea, and fever, on occasion.

• #2 Diarrhoea and vomiting | nidirect

  https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/conditions/diarrhoea-and-vomiting

  Diarrhoea and vomiting are common in adults, children and babies. You can have them together or on their own. They’re usually caused by a stomach bug and should pass in a few days. […] You’re most infectious from when the symptoms start until two days after they’ve passed. Stay off school or work until the symptoms have stopped for two days. […] For children: diarrhoea usually lasts five to seven days, and in most children it stops within two weeks; vomiting usually lasts one or two days, and in most children it stops within three days. […] For adults: diarrhoea lasting for up to 10 days is not unusual; vomiting usually lasts for two days.

• #2 Diarrhoea and vomiting in children | CUH

  https://www.cuh.nhs.uk/patient-information/diarrhoea-and-vomiting/

  Diarrhoea usually lasts for five to seven days and in most children it will stop within two weeks. Vomiting often lasts for one to two days and in most children it will stop within three days. […] The most important complication of diarrhoea and vomiting is dehydration. This is when the body doesnt have enough water or the right balance of salts to carry out its normal functions. […] The following are warning signs of dehydration and if you see any of these you should have your child checked by a doctor as soon as possible: Pale and mottled skin, Cold hands and feet, Dry mouth, tongue and lips or no tears, Profuse vomiting (unable to keep any fluid down), Going more than six hours without passing urine or having less wet nappies, Sunken eyes or shadows under the eyes, Sleepy or floppy child, Being unusually irritable, Changed breathing, either faster or slower and deeper. […] Tests are not needed in the majority of cases. If diarrhoea persists for more than ten days or has blood in it at any time, a stool sample may be taken. This is sent to the laboratory and investigated for an unusual infection.

• #2 Diagnosis – Diarrhoea and Vomiting Caused by Gastroenteritis – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK63841/

  Suspect gastroenteritis if there is a sudden change in stool consistency to loose or watery stools, and/or a sudden onset of vomiting. […] Persistence of diarrhoea for a longer period of time than expected might be an important pointer to an alternative diagnosis, for example a non-infectious gastrointestinal disorder such as coeliac disease. […] Be aware that in children with gastroenteritis: diarrhoea usually lasts for 5-7 days, and in most it stops within 2 weeks; vomiting usually lasts for 1-2 days, and in most it stops within 3 days. […] Evidence from three studies suggested that raised CRP levels had a high diagnostic ability in detecting bacterial causes, with AROC ranging between 0.83 and 0.94, but the studies used different cut-off values to define a positive CRP test.

• #2 Viral gastroenteritis (stomach flu) – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/viral-gastroenteritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20378847

  Viral gastroenteritis is an intestinal infection that includes signs and symptoms such as watery diarrhea, stomach cramps, nausea or vomiting, and sometimes fever. […] Gastroenteritis, on the other hand, attacks your intestines, causing signs and symptoms such as: Watery, usually nonbloody diarrhea — bloody diarrhea usually means you have a different, more severe infection; Nausea, vomiting or both; Stomach cramps and pain; Occasional muscle aches or headache; Low-grade fever. […] Depending on the cause, viral gastroenteritis symptoms may appear within 1-3 days after you’re infected and can range from mild to severe. Symptoms usually last just a day or two, but occasionally they may last up to 14 days. […] If you’re an adult, call your health care provider if: You’ve been vomiting or having diarrhea for more than two days. […] The main complication of viral gastroenteritis is dehydration — a severe loss of water and essential salts and minerals. If you’re healthy and drink enough to replace fluids you lose from vomiting and diarrhea, dehydration shouldn’t be a problem.

• #2 Nausea and diarrhea? How to tell if it’s COVID, the stomach flu or food poisoning | Nebraska Medicine Omaha, NE

  https://www.nebraskamed.com/primary-care/nausea-and-diarrhea-how-to-tell-if-its-covid-the-stomach-flu-or-food-poisoning

  While the stomach bug is often called the 24-hour flu, most viral GI symptoms last between 24 to 72 hours, says Barajas. […] Symptoms typically develop within 12 to 36 hours and can last up to 72 hours. […] „Diarrhea can cause you to lose a lot of water and electrolytes, which can lead to dehydration.” […] „In the case of gastroenteritis or food poisoning, you may have a pathogen that requires additional antibiotic treatment,” says Barajas.

• #2

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/tips-tools/symptom-checker/Pages/symptomviewer.aspx?symptom=Vomiting+With+Diarrhea

  Vomiting and diarrhea occur together. Vomiting is the forceful emptying (throwing up) of what is in the stomach. It’s normal for nausea (upset stomach) to come before each bout of vomiting. Diarrhea means 3 or more watery or very loose stools. Reason: 1 or 2 loose stools can be normal with changes in diet. The illness starts with vomiting. Watery loose stools follow within 12-24 hours. The main risk of vomiting is dehydration. Dehydration means the body has lost too much fluid. Watery stools with vomiting carry the greatest risk for causing dehydration. The main risk of diarrhea is dehydration. Frequent, watery stools can cause dehydration. Vomiting with watery diarrhea is the most common cause of dehydration. For the first 3 or 4 hours, your child may vomit everything. Then the stomach settles down. Moderate vomiting usually stops in 12 to 24 hours. Mild vomiting (1-2 times per day) with diarrhea may last a little longer. It can continue off and on for up to a week.

• #2 Norovirus infection – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/norovirus/symptoms-causes/syc-20355296

  For most people, norovirus infection usually clears up within a few days and isn’t life-threatening. But in some people — especially young children; older adults; and people with weakened immune systems or other medical conditions or who are pregnant — norovirus infection can be severe. Norovirus infection can cause severe dehydration and even death.

• #2 Vomiting With Diarrhea

  https://www.seattlechildrens.org/conditions/a-z/vomiting-with-diarrhea/

  Vomiting and diarrhea occur together. Vomiting is the forceful emptying (throwing up) of what is in the stomach. It’s normal for nausea (upset stomach) to come before each bout of vomiting. Diarrhea means 3 or more watery or very loose stools. Reason: 1 or 2 loose stools can be normal with changes in diet. The illness starts with vomiting. Watery loose stools follow within 12-24 hours. The main risk of vomiting is dehydration. Dehydration means the body has lost too much fluid. Watery stools with vomiting carry the greatest risk for causing dehydration. The main risk of diarrhea is dehydration. Frequent, watery stools can cause dehydration. Vomiting with watery diarrhea is the most common cause of dehydration. Moderate vomiting usually stops in 12 to 24 hours. Mild vomiting (1-2 times per day) with diarrhea may last a little longer. It can continue off and on for up to a week.

• #2 Diarrhoea and Vomiting | Choose Well

  https://www.choosewellmanchester.org.uk/self-care/self-care-information-for-adults/diarrhoea-and-vomiting/

  Diarrhoea in children usually passes within five to seven days, and will usually clear within two weeks. […] Contact your GP if you have diarrhoea and persistent vomiting. […] If diarrhoea is severe or persistent, it can cause dehydration. […] Symptoms of dehydration in adults include: lacking energy or feeling tired, loss of appetite, nausea, feeling light-headed, dizziness, especially when standing up, dry tongue, sunken eyes, muscle cramps, rapid heartbeat.

• #2 Vomiting and Diarrhea at the Same Time: Causes and Management

  https://www.healthline.com/health/diarrhea-and-vomiting

  Dehydration is a complication of vomiting and diarrhea, and it occurs when the body loses too much fluid. […] Symptoms of dehydration in babies, toddlers, and children include persistent thirst, urinating less than usual, dry mouth, sunken eyes or cheeks, decreased skin turgor, lack of energy, and no tears when crying. […] Symptoms in adults include extreme thirst, urinating less than usual, dry mouth, sunken eyes or cheeks, decreased skin turgor, fatigue, lightheadedness, and dark-colored urine. […] Most of the time, vomiting and diarrhea at the same time are due to a stomach bug or food poisoning and clear up on their own within a few days.

• #2 Prolonged Vomiting or Diarrhoea | Doctor

  https://patient.info/doctor/prolonged-diarrhoea-or-vomiting

  Both vomiting and diarrhoea are often self-limiting and have a benign cause and prognosis. However, it is essential to make a thorough assessment to ensure there is not a more serious aetiology requiring prompt intervention. Continued vomiting and diarrhoea require reassessment and reconsideration of the previously assumed diagnosis. […] The main principles for assessment are the same as for vomiting, ie assessment of dehydration, excluding a serious cause and making a specific diagnosis to enable specific treatment. […] Associated weight loss usually indicates a serious underlying cause – eg, inflammatory bowel disease or malignancy. […] Prolonged diarrhoea may cause: Dehydration. […] Severe or persistent vomiting may cause: Dehydration.

• #2 Vomiting and diarrhea: Causes, treatments, and remedies

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/vomiting-and-diarrhea

  Many conditions can cause diarrhea and vomiting, including intestinal infections and food poisoning. […] In most cases, vomiting and diarrhea are temporary symptoms that improve without medical treatment. However, persistent vomiting or diarrhea can indicate an underlying condition. […] The symptoms of gastroenteritis include: abdominal pain and cramping, watery diarrhea, nausea or vomiting, sometimes, a fever. […] According to the NIDDK, most people recover from viral gastroenteritis in 1-3 days. However, some viruses can last between 1-2 weeks. […] Food poisoning often occurs suddenly. […] The most common symptoms include: stomach cramps, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, fever. […] Complications of diarrhea and vomiting include dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, fainting, and heart rhythm abnormalities.

• #2 Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea | Student Health and WellnessSearch UConnUConn A to Z IndexFacebookInstagramTwitterYouTube

  https://studenthealth.uconn.edu/educational-handouts/nausea-vomiting-diarrhea/

  For Nausea, Vomiting and Diarrhea: […] Avoid eating and drinking for two hours after the last episode of vomiting. […] Severe abdominal pain lasting more than 4 hours […] Severe headache or stiff neck […] Blood in vomit or stool […] Persistent dizziness or confusion […] Fever over 101°F for more than 24 hours (38.3°C) […] Unable to tolerate sips of fluids for more than 8 hours […] Not urinating for more than 8 hours […] Worsening symptoms or no improvement after 48 hours […] You have diabetes or have other chronic medical conditions. […] Food handlers and child care employees need to be symptom free for 48 hours and require medical clearance to return to work.

• #2 Diarrhoea and vomiting (gastroenteritis)

  https://info.health.nz/conditions-treatments/stomach-and-bowel/diarrhoea-and-vomiting-gastroenteritis

  The main symptoms of gastro are runny poos (diarrhoea) and throwing up (vomiting). They can also include: stomach pain or cramp, feeling sick (with or without vomiting), a high temperature (fever), muscle aches. […] Gastroenteritis usually goes away in a few days, but symptoms can sometimes last from 7 to 10 days, and occasionally even longer. […] You have a higher risk of becoming dehydrated if you have severe, prolonged diarrhoea or vomiting and cannot drink enough fluid. People most at risk of dehydration are: older and frail people or people who have a weakened immune system, pregnant people, young tamariki (children). […] You should go to see your healthcare provider if: you are vomiting a lot and cannot keep fluids down, you have blood in your diarrhoea or vomit, you have severe stomach pain, your symptoms are severe and getting worse, your symptoms are not going away after 3 or 4 days.

• #2 Gastroenteritis fact sheet | Emergency Care Institute

  https://aci.health.nsw.gov.au/networks/eci/clinical/ed-factsheets/gastroenteritis

  Gastroenteritis causes diarrhoea and vomiting that can lead to dehydration. […] These are the main symptoms: diarrhoea at least three times in 24 hours, vomiting at least three times in 24 hours, abdominal pain, high temperatures, dehydration. […] Symptoms of severe dehydration in adults include: weakness or confusion, reduced level of consciousness, rapid heart rate, low blood pressure. […] Severe dehydration is a medical emergency. Seek immediate medical attention. […] Seek medical advice if: you suspect that you are becoming more dehydrated, you have severe abdominal pain or an on-going high temperature, you have blood in your diarrhoea or your vomit, your symptoms are not settling or are getting worse (you vomit for more than one to two days or have diarrhoea that continues after three to four days).

• #2 Gastroenteritis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/digestive-health/diarrhoea/gastroenteritis

  Diarrhoea and being sick (vomiting) are the two main symptoms of gastroenteritis. This may cause lack of fluid in the body (dehydration), so consult a doctor quickly if you suspect you are becoming dehydrated. […] The main symptom is diarrhoea, often with being sick (vomiting) as well. Diarrhoea means loose or watery stools (faeces), usually at least three times in 24 hours. Blood or mucus can appear in the stools with some infections. […] If vomiting occurs, it often lasts only a day or so but sometimes longer. Diarrhoea often continues after the vomiting stops and commonly lasts for several days or more. Slightly loose stools may continue for a week or so further before a normal pattern returns. Sometimes the symptoms last longer. […] Gastroenteritis can become dangerous if you become dehydrated, you’re throwing up a lot and can’t keep fluids down, you have blood in your poo or sick (vomit), or you have severe tummy pains. If this happens, seek medical advice.

• #2 Diarrhea (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/diarrhea.html

  Diarrhea from viral gastroenteritis goes away on its own. Kids with bacterial diarrhea may need an antibiotic. Parasites always need treatment with anti-parasitic medicines. […] For kids who show signs of mild dehydration, doctors recommend giving oral rehydration solutions (ORS) such as Pedialyte, Enfalyte, or a store brand. […] In some cases, kids with severe diarrhea may need to get IV fluids (given into a vein) at the hospital treat dehydration. […] Call the doctor if your child: cant drink for several hours, is peeing less than usual, has signs of dehydration, such as crying with few or no tears, having a dry mouth or cracked lips, feeling dizzy or lightheaded, acting very sleepy or less alert, has a high fever, has blood in their poop, has diarrhea that doesnt better after several days.

• #2 Overview of Gastroenteritis – Digestive Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/digestive-disorders/gastroenteritis/overview-of-gastroenteritis

  Excessive vomiting or diarrhea can result in electrolyte problems such as low levels of potassium in the blood (hypokalemia) and dehydration, which can cause low blood pressure and a rapid heart rate. […] Low blood volume (hypovolemic shock) and kidney failure can occur in severe cases. […] Diarrhea is the most common symptom and may be accompanied by visible blood and mucus. […] Parasites typically cause diarrhea that may last for a long time and may cause diarrhea that comes and goes. The diarrhea is usually not bloody.

• #2 Norovirus infection – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/norovirus/symptoms-causes/syc-20355296

  Norovirus infection can cause severe vomiting and diarrhea that start suddenly. Diarrhea, stomach pain and vomiting typically begin 12 to 48 hours after exposure. Norovirus infection symptoms usually last 1 to 3 days. Most people recover completely without treatment. However, for some people — especially young children, older adults and people with other medical conditions — vomiting and diarrhea can be severely dehydrating and require medical attention. […] Signs and symptoms usually begin 12 to 48 hours after your first exposure to a norovirus and last 1 to 3 days. You can continue to shed virus in your stool for several weeks after recovery. This shedding can last weeks to months if you have another medical condition. […] Seek medical attention if you develop diarrhea that doesn’t go away within several days. Also call your health care provider if you experience severe vomiting, bloody stools, stomach pain or dehydration.

• #2 Nausea and Diarrhea: 20 Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/nausea-and-diarrhea

  Symptoms include: diarrhea, which may be bloody, excessive vomiting, chills, fever, feeling faint. […] Some forms of cancer may go undiagnosed until gastric symptoms occur. […] Symptoms can vary in intensity. They include: diarrhea, constipation, vomiting, bloating, stomach pain. […] Other symptoms include: watery diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, indigestion, blood in the stool. […] This condition can be debilitating. […] Symptoms include: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea. […] Vomiting and diarrhea are early warning signs for this condition. […] Diarrhea and vomiting can have many causes, its important to seek medical help if your symptoms dont improve or worsen. […] Nausea and diarrhea can be caused by a wide range of conditions but are most often linked to viral infections or food poisoning.

• #2 Gastroenteritis in Children – Children’s Health Issues – MSD Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.msdmanuals.com/home/children-s-health-issues/gastrointestinal-disorders-in-children/gastroenteritis-in-children

  Norovirus causes more vomiting than diarrhea in children and lasts 1 to 3 days. Children have abdominal cramps and may have fever, headache, and muscle aches. […] Bacteria are likely to cause fever and bloody diarrhea and some types cause abdominal cramps. […] Parasites typically cause diarrhea that may last for a long time and may cause diarrhea that comes and goes. The diarrhea is usually not bloody. Children may be very tired and lose weight when they have long-lasting diarrhea caused by a parasitic infection. […] The most common complication of severe gastroenteritis is dehydration (too little fluid in the body), which occurs when a lot of fluid is lost in vomit and stool. Children who are slightly dehydrated are thirsty, but seriously dehydrated children become listless, irritable, or sluggish (lethargic).

• #2 Stomach Flu: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/12418-stomach-flu

  Youre most contagious during the acute phase of the infection (when you have symptoms) and for a few days after. […] The most likely complication is dehydration. This happens when you lose too many fluids and electrolytes from diarrhea or vomiting, and you cant drink enough or drink fast enough to replace them. […] For most people, symptoms get better in a few days. Contact a healthcare provider if they arent improving.

• #2 Gastroenteritis: What It Is, Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/gastroenteritis

  The most common types of gastroenteritis only last a day or two. Your body can overcome most bacterial and viral infections on its own. Some types may last longer or need treatment to go away. […] Most of the time, gastroenteritis is brief and ends by itself. When this is the case, the primary complication to look out for is dehydration. This is more of a risk for children and senior citizens. […] When youre having frequent diarrhea or vomiting, youre losing a lot of fluids and electrolytes. If you can’t replace them fast enough, you could become dehydrated and develop electrolyte imbalances. […] Gastrointestinal infections are most contagious during the period when you have symptoms, and for two days after. These last two days are when your body is shedding the infection through your poop.

• #2 Diarrhoea | Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Support | Guts UK

  https://gutscharity.org.uk/advice-and-information/symptoms/diarrhoea/

  Otherwise, seek medical advice from NHS 111 if any of these apply: If diarrhoea lasts for more than 7 days. If you notice blood in the diarrhoea. If you develop a high fever. If your cramping and belly pains become very bad and constant. If you or a child is still dehydrated after using rehydration sachets. […] Many cases of acute diarrhoea will clear up in a few days. They will do so without medical treatment. But, if the episode is severe there are several treatments that can help. […] Ensure you have extra fluids and salts. You need them to replace those lost in the diarrhoea. Some groups are more sensitive to fluid loss. Examples include: Babies. Young children. Older people. […] For these groups it is a good idea to use a pre-prepared oral rehydration solution. You can buy it over the counter in most pharmacies. For many adults, you can treat dehydration by drinking more fluid.

• #2 Viral gastroenteritis (stomach flu) Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/viral-gastroenteritis-stomach-flu

  Viral gastroenteritis is an infection of the stomach and intestine caused by a virus. The infection can lead to diarrhea and vomiting. It is sometimes called the „stomach flu.” […] Symptoms most often appear within 4 to 48 hours after contact with the virus. Common symptoms include: Abdominal pain, Diarrhea, Nausea and vomiting. […] The goal of treatment is to make sure the body has enough water and fluids. Fluids and electrolytes (salt and minerals) that are lost through diarrhea or vomiting must be replaced by drinking extra fluids. […] Severe dehydration can occur in infants and young children. […] Contact your provider if diarrhea lasts for more than several days or if dehydration occurs. You should also contact your provider if you or your child has these symptoms: Nausea, No urine for 8 hours or more, Sunken appearance to the eyes.

• #2 Student Health Services Acute Care Information on Vomiting & Diarrhea (Gastroenteritis) | Salisbury University

  https://www.salisbury.edu/administration/student-affairs/student-health-services/services/vomiting.aspx

  Gastroenteritis is an inflammation of the lining of the stomach and intestines due to a variety of causes. […] What are the Symptoms? Nausea or Vomiting. Liquid or loose stools. Increased number of stools. […] Because it is caused by viruses, there is no effective antibiotic regimen, and most people with gastroenteritis can recover with treatment of their symptoms at home. However, diarrhea and vomiting can cause loss of important body fluids and essential minerals (electrolytes), and treatment is aimed at dietary management to replace these losses. […] As nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are controlled with use of a clear liquid diet for 24-36 hours, you should continue fluid intake, but may begin to add bland, constipating solids. […] You should seek medical attention if you have: Vomiting or diarrhea for more than 24 hours without improvement or more than three times an hour.

• #2 Vomiting and Diarrhea in Children | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2001/0215/p775.html

  Vomiting (throwing up) and diarrhea (frequent, watery bowel movements) can be caused by viruses, bacteria, parasites, foods that are hard to digest (such as too many sweets) and other things. […] They can be. Vomiting and diarrhea can be harmful to children because they can cause dehydration. Dehydration occurs when too much fluid is lost from the body. Young babies can become dehydrated very quickly, but dehydration can occur in a child of any age. Signs of dehydration include: […] If your child has had several bouts of vomiting or diarrhea, he or she will need to drink fluids to replace those lost with vomiting and diarrhea. […] Yes. Even though eating may cause the amount of diarrhea to increase, your child will be able to get some nutrients from the food. This may prevent your child from losing too much weight and help your child get better quicker. […] This usually isn’t needed. Diarrhea doesn’t usually last long. If it is caused by an infection, diarrhea is a way for the body to get rid of the infection. Giving medicines that stop diarrhea may interfere with the body’s efforts to get rid of the infection.

• #2 Norovirus Infection Symptoms, Treatment, Transmission

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/norovirus/article_em.htm

  The norovirus infection is usually self-limited and resolves in about one to three days, but people with severe dehydration can develop complications (for example, electrolyte imbalances, coma, or infrequently death). […] Symptoms and signs of a norovirus infection usually last from one to three days.

• #3 Diarrhoea | Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Support | Guts UK

  https://gutscharity.org.uk/advice-and-information/symptoms/diarrhoea/

  This factsheet explains what diarrhoea disorders are. When it is a problem needing you to tell your doctor about it and what treatment is available. […] Diarrhoea can occur when one or more of these processes become faulty. Examples include: When bugs like bacteria or viruses damage the lining of the gut. When there is excessive fluid secretion into the bowel. […] Sometimes both examples occur. More liquid overwhelms the gut’s ability to reabsorb the fluid and salts. The poo becomes loose and watery. Bowel movements happen more often. Diarrhoea is also a symptom of some diseases of the digestive tract. In acute diarrhoea, symptoms come on quickly and last a short time. Acute diarrhoea symptoms usually clear up within 5 to 7 days. […] Diarrhoea that is chronic lasts a longer time. It generally lasts 4 weeks or more. You should always see your GP if the diarrhoea lasts a long time. They will investigate the cause.

• #3 Norovirus infection – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/norovirus/symptoms-causes/syc-20355296

  Norovirus infection can cause severe vomiting and diarrhea that start suddenly. Diarrhea, stomach pain and vomiting typically begin 12 to 48 hours after exposure. Norovirus infection symptoms usually last 1 to 3 days. Most people recover completely without treatment. However, for some people — especially young children, older adults and people with other medical conditions — vomiting and diarrhea can be severely dehydrating and require medical attention. […] Signs and symptoms usually begin 12 to 48 hours after your first exposure to a norovirus and last 1 to 3 days. You can continue to shed virus in your stool for several weeks after recovery. This shedding can last weeks to months if you have another medical condition. […] Seek medical attention if you develop diarrhea that doesn’t go away within several days. Also call your health care provider if you experience severe vomiting, bloody stools, stomach pain or dehydration.

• #3 Diagnosis – Diarrhoea and Vomiting Caused by Gastroenteritis – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK63841/

  Suspect gastroenteritis if there is a sudden change in stool consistency to loose or watery stools, and/or a sudden onset of vomiting. […] Persistence of diarrhoea for a longer period of time than expected might be an important pointer to an alternative diagnosis, for example a non-infectious gastrointestinal disorder such as coeliac disease. […] Be aware that in children with gastroenteritis: diarrhoea usually lasts for 5-7 days, and in most it stops within 2 weeks; vomiting usually lasts for 1-2 days, and in most it stops within 3 days. […] Evidence from three studies suggested that raised CRP levels had a high diagnostic ability in detecting bacterial causes, with AROC ranging between 0.83 and 0.94, but the studies used different cut-off values to define a positive CRP test.

• #3 Diarrhea (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/diarrhea.html

  Diarrhea is frequent soft or loose bowel movements (poop). Most kids have diarrhea from time to time. It usually doesn’t last long and often gets better on its own. […] Gastroenteritis can cause crampy belly pain, followed by diarrhea that lasts about 35 days. Other symptoms may include: fever, loss of appetite, nausea (an uncomfortable feeling before vomiting), vomiting, weight loss, dehydration. […] Viral gastroenteritis (or „stomach flu”) is a top cause of diarrhea in kids. It also can bring on nausea, vomiting, and belly pain. Symptoms usually last a few days, and kids can get dehydrated if they dont drink enough liquids while theyre sick. […] Many different types of bacteria can cause diarrhea, including E. coli, Salmonella, Campylobacter, and Shigella. These bacteria are often responsible for food poisoning, which can cause diarrhea and vomiting within a few hours of eating contaminated food.

• #3 Vomiting and diarrhea: Causes, treatments, and remedies

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/vomiting-and-diarrhea

  Many conditions can cause diarrhea and vomiting, including intestinal infections and food poisoning. […] In most cases, vomiting and diarrhea are temporary symptoms that improve without medical treatment. However, persistent vomiting or diarrhea can indicate an underlying condition. […] The symptoms of gastroenteritis include: abdominal pain and cramping, watery diarrhea, nausea or vomiting, sometimes, a fever. […] According to the NIDDK, most people recover from viral gastroenteritis in 1-3 days. However, some viruses can last between 1-2 weeks. […] Food poisoning often occurs suddenly. […] The most common symptoms include: stomach cramps, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, fever. […] Complications of diarrhea and vomiting include dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, fainting, and heart rhythm abnormalities.

• #3 Vomiting and Diarrhea at the Same Time: Causes and Management

  https://www.healthline.com/health/diarrhea-and-vomiting

  Dehydration is a complication of vomiting and diarrhea, and it occurs when the body loses too much fluid. […] Symptoms of dehydration in babies, toddlers, and children include persistent thirst, urinating less than usual, dry mouth, sunken eyes or cheeks, decreased skin turgor, lack of energy, and no tears when crying. […] Symptoms in adults include extreme thirst, urinating less than usual, dry mouth, sunken eyes or cheeks, decreased skin turgor, fatigue, lightheadedness, and dark-colored urine. […] Most of the time, vomiting and diarrhea at the same time are due to a stomach bug or food poisoning and clear up on their own within a few days.

• #3

  https://www.laparoscopyhospital.com/forum/forum.php?p=&cat_id=&tid=3539

  Dehydration is a concern with diarrhea and vomiting, so it’s crucial to stay hydrated. […] If your symptoms are severe, persist for more than a day or two, or if you experience signs of dehydration (such as dark urine, dizziness, or extreme thirst), it’s crucial to seek medical attention immediately. […] Warning signs that may indicate a more serious condition with diarrhea and vomiting include: Dehydration: Signs include excessive thirst, dry mouth, dark yellow urine, infrequent urination, and feeling dizzy or lightheaded. […] Blood in vomit or stool: This could indicate a more serious condition, such as gastrointestinal bleeding. […] Inability to keep liquids down: If you’re unable to drink fluids without vomiting. […] Signs of infection: Such as a high fever, chills, or persistent vomiting or diarrhea for more than 48 hours.

• #3 Gastroenteritis in children | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/gastroenteritis-in-children

  Take your child to the doctor if they: vomit often, are not drinking, show any signs of dehydration, have blood in their bowel motion (poo), have significant abdominal pain. […] Go to your doctor if you notice that your child: has a dry mouth and tongue, is not passing urine (dry nappies), has sunken eyes, has cold hands and feet, is more sleepy than usual. […] To prevent your child becoming dehydrated give clear fluids like: water, oral rehydration products available from a pharmacist follow instructions to make it up, diluted fruit juice (natural) 1 tablespoon of juice to 4 tablespoons of water. […] Your child may refuse food at first. This is not a problem as long as they drink clear fluids. […] Doctors now suggest there is no need to restrict food if your child has gastroenteritis. Generally, if your child is hungry at any time, give them the food they normally eat.

• #3 Vomiting & Diarrhea: Causes and Treatments

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/vomiting-and-diarrhea-7198084

  The symptoms associated with vomiting and diarrhea can vary depending on the cause. […] Symptoms related to vomiting include: Nausea, Gagging or retching, Abdominal pain, Pale skin, Drowsiness, Uncontrollable expulsion of stomach contents, An increase in saliva that leads to drooling or spitting, Extreme thirst from dehydration. […] Diarrhea-associated symptoms can include: Cramping or abdominal pain, Nausea, Bloody stools, Fever and chills, Light-headedness or dizziness, An urgency to use the bathroom that may result in a loss of bowel control. […] Vomiting and diarrhea can be mild and may not be a cause for concern if they occur only once. However, if either affliction persists, it can lead to severe dehydration and require emergency medical care. […] Many people can develop mild cases of food poisoning. However, the infection can lead to severe vomiting and diarrhea, depleting the body of nutrients and water. This can be life-threatening if left unchecked.

• #3 Gastroenteritis (stomach flu) | Gouvernement du Québec

  https://www.quebec.ca/en/health/health-issues/flu-cold-and-gastroenteritis/gastroenteritis

  Gastroenteritis, also referred to as „stomach flu,” is inflammation of the stomach and intestinal lining, which causes diarrhea and vomiting. […] The main symptoms of gastroenteritis are the following: Diarrhea: at least 3 liquid or semi-liquid stools every 24 hours or stool that is more abundant and frequent than usual. […] Symptoms of gastroenteritis usually last 24 to 72 hours. However, they can last up to 10 days if the stomach flu began while you were travelling abroad or upon your return. […] Gastroenteritis may progress rapidly and can be dangerous, especially in infants and young children. […] The main complication of gastroenteritis is dehydration. It occurs when the body eliminates too large a quantity of water and mineral salts, which are essential to the proper functioning of the body. […] Watch for signs of dehydration. To avoid dehydration, follow the advice given in Hydrating and rehydrating when you have gastroenteritis.

• #3 Diarrhea and Vomiting at the Same Time: Possible Causes and Treatments

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/digestive-health/diarrhea-and-vomiting

  Vomiting and diarrhea at the same time are common symptoms of temporary illness, but they can also be signs of a serious condition like appendicitis. Possible causes of diarrhea and vomiting together include intestinal infection, food poisoning, and certain medications. Often, these symptoms go away once the illness or condition resolves. […] However, if you are throwing up and have diarrhea with other symptoms, such as fever or blood in your stool or vomit, this could signal a more severe condition that requires prompt medical attention. […] Diarrhea and vomiting can cause dehydration, particularly if you experience them at the same time. […] Most cases of diarrhea and vomiting are not serious, but there are some cases where it’s important to contact a doctor. Seek prompt medical care for symptoms that include: bloody stools or vomiting blood, severe abdominal pain, a fever of 100.4°F (38°C) or higher, nausea and vomiting for more than 24 hours, diarrhea that lasts more than 48 hours in adults or longer than 24 hours in children, signs of dehydration. […] Diarrhea and vomiting at the same time is a common occurrence that affects people of all ages. […] If you experience diarrhea and vomiting with a fever, blood in your stool or vomit, or signs of dehydration, contact a doctor right away.

• #3 Symptoms of Food Poisoning | Food Safety | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/food-safety/signs-symptoms/index.html

  The most common symptoms of food poisoning include diarrhea, stomach pain or cramps, nausea, vomiting, and fever. […] Signs of severe food poisoning include bloody diarrhea, diarrhea that lasts more than 3 days, fever over 102F, vomiting so often that you cannot keep liquids down, and signs of dehydration. […] The most common symptoms of food poisoning are: Diarrhea, Stomach pain or cramps, Nausea, Vomiting, Fever. […] If you have diarrhea or vomiting, be sure to drink plenty of fluids to prevent dehydration (not having enough water in your body). […] See a doctor if you have any symptoms that are severe, including: Bloody diarrhea, Diarrhea that lasts more than 3 days, High fever (temperature over 102F), Vomiting so often that you cannot keep liquids down, Signs of dehydration, which include not urinating (peeing) much, a dry mouth and throat, and/or feeling dizzy when standing up. […] Vomiting so often you can’t keep liquids down. Bloody diarrhea. Dehydration. Fever higher than 102 degrees Fahrenheit. Diarrhea for more than 3 days.

• #3 Gastroenteritis (Stomach Flu) (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/gastroenteritis.html

  Gastroenteritis, often called the stomach flu, is a common illness that causes nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and belly cramps. It usually lasts a few days and isn’t serious. Most kids get better at home by resting and drinking plenty of liquids. […] The most common signs of gastroenteritis are vomiting and diarrhea. Many children also have a fever. […] When kids have diarrhea or vomiting, they lose lots of fluid in their poop or vomit. This can lead to dehydration (not having enough water in the body). If that happens, the body can have trouble working as it should. […] Call the doctor if your child: […] is vomiting for more than 24 hours or the diarrhea doesn’t get better after several days.

• #3 Norovirus Infection Symptoms, Treatment, Transmission

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/norovirus/article_em.htm

  Norovirus („stomach flu”) is a very contagious illness that causes symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal cramps. […] Symptoms of norovirus typically last for one to three days. […] The symptoms and signs of norovirus infection usually occur within 12-48 hours of contact (incubation period) with the virus and often are first noticed within a cluster of people in a group (for example, military or school dorms, cruise ships, and nursing homes). […] Groups of people (although occasionally individuals) rapidly develop nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort or cramping. […] Diarrhea may be frequent (many watery stools in 12-24 hours). […] For children, the elderly, pregnant women, or immunocompromised patients, diarrhea can lead to dehydration (body water loss).

• #3 Diarrhoea or vomiting (gastroenteritis) fact sheet | NHMRCNHMRCNHMRC TaglineNHMRC Tagline

  https://www.nhmrc.gov.au/about-us/publications/staying-healthy-guidelines/fact-sheets/diarrhoea-or-vomiting-gastroenteritis

  Gastroenteritis (or 'gastro’) is a viral or bacterial infection that causes inflammation of the digestive system. It can cause diarrhoea, vomiting or stomach cramps. The symptoms can range from mild to severe and usually last for a few days. Gastroenteritis can cause dehydration because of the large amount of fluid lost through vomiting or diarrhoea. […] Exclude until there has not been any diarrhoea or vomiting for at least 24 hours. […] If the diarrhoea or vomiting are confirmed to be due to norovirus, exclude for at least 48 hours. […] Keep your child at home until they feel well and there has been no diarrhoea for at least 24 hours, or for at least 48 hours if they have norovirus. […] See a doctor immediately if your child cannot keep down any fluids. Babies under 6 months should always be seen by a doctor if they have gastro.

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