Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Management of Acute Nasal Fractures | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/1001/p1315.html

  In cases of facial trauma, nasal fractures account for approximately 40 percent of bone injuries. Treatment in the primary care setting begins with evaluating the injury, taking an accurate history of the situation in which the injury occurred, and ascertaining how the face and nose appeared and functioned before the injury occurred. Serious injuries should be treated, then nasal inspection and palpation may be performed to assess for airway patency, mucosal laceration, and septal deformity. […] Treatment in the primary care setting consists of evaluation, pain and infection management, minimal debridement and, when the physician is appropriately trained, closed reduction. […] Injuries to the nose are relatively common; in cases of facial trauma, nasal fractures account for approximately 40 percent of bone injuries.

• #2 Tips To Identify and Care for a Broken Nose | South Valley Ear Nose & Throat | Blog

  https://southvalleyent.com/tips-to-identify-and-care-for-a-broken-nose/

  Broken noses, also called nasal fractures, account for approximately 40% to 50% of facial fractures. […] Symptoms of a broken nose may include: Pain and tenderness, A crackling or crunching sound when touching the nose, Bleeding or fluid drainage, A crooked nose, Swelling around the nose, Bruising around the eyes and nose, Difficulty breathing through the nose. […] If you notice symptoms of a broken nose after facial trauma, visit your healthcare provider promptly. […] Applying ice can reduce swelling and alleviate symptoms. Pain relievers may also be recommended to reduce swelling. […] If your nasal fracture causes a crooked nose, your provider will manually realign the bones and cartilage, typically under local anesthesia, though general anesthesia might be necessary based on age and injury severity. […] Severe fractures might need surgery. This can involve septoplasty to repair the septum or rhinoplasty to reshape the nose and remove obstructions. […] A broken nose can be scary to deal with, but with our ENT providers, you can rest assured knowing your fracture is in expert hands.

• #3 Nose fracture Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/injury/nose-fracture

  A nose fracture is a break in the bone or cartilage over the bridge, or in the sidewall or septum (structure that divides the nostrils) of the nose. […] A fractured nose is the most common fracture of the face. It most often occurs after an injury and often occurs with other fractures of the face. […] Serious nose injuries cause problems that need a health care provider’s attention right away. For example, damage to the cartilage can cause a collection of blood to form inside the nose. If this blood is not drained right away, it can cause an abscess or a permanent deformity that blocks the nose. It may lead to tissue death and cause the nose to collapse. […] For minor nose injuries, the provider may want to see the person within the first week after the injury to see if the nose has moved out of its normal shape.

• #4 Nose fracture: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000061.htm

  A nose fracture is a break in the bone or cartilage over the bridge, or in the sidewall or septum (structure that divides the nostrils) of the nose. […] A fractured nose is the most common fracture of the face. It most often occurs after an injury and often occurs with other fractures of the face. […] Serious nose injuries cause problems that need a health care provider’s attention right away. For example, damage to the cartilage can cause a collection of blood to form inside the nose. If this blood is not drained right away, it can cause an abscess or a permanent deformity that blocks the nose. It may lead to tissue death and cause the nose to collapse. […] For minor nose injuries, the provider may want to see the person within the first week after the injury to see if the nose has moved out of its normal shape.

• #5 Broken Nose (Nasal Fracture) | The Children’s Hospital at Montefiore

  https://www.cham.org/health-library/article?id=aa49289spec

  You can break your nose during play, sports, accidents, fights, and falls. […] Symptoms of a broken nose include: Nose pain. Swelling of the nose. A crooked or bent appearance. Bruising around the nose or eyes. A runny nose or a nosebleed. A grating sound or feeling when the nose is touched or rubbed. Blocked nasal passages. […] Possible complications of a broken nose include: Change in the appearance of the nose or the tip of the nose. Swelling or a bump on the thin wall (nasal septum) between the nostrils of the nose (nasal septal hematoma). A hole in the nasal septum (septal perforation) or causing the bridge of the nose to collapse (saddle nose deformity). Crooked (deviated) nasal septum. The nasal septum is the structure that divides the nose into two parts. Permanent breathing difficulty. Persistent drainage from one or both nostrils. This may be caused by cerebrospinal fluid draining from the brain into the nose (CSF rhinorrhea) and can occur after a head injury or after surgery on the nose or ears. Infection of the nose, sinuses, or facial bones. A change in or loss of sense of smell.

• #6 Broken Nose (Nasal Fracture) – Health Information Library | PeaceHealth

  https://www.peacehealth.org/medical-topics/id/aa49289spec

  You can break your nose during play, sports, accidents, fights, and falls. […] Symptoms of a broken nose include: Nose pain. Swelling of the nose. A crooked or bent appearance. Bruising around the nose or eyes. A runny nose or a nosebleed. A grating sound or feeling when the nose is touched or rubbed. Blocked nasal passages. […] Possible complications of a broken nose include: Change in the appearance of the nose or the tip of the nose. Swelling or a bump on the thin wall (nasal septum) between the nostrils of the nose (nasal septal hematoma). A hole in the nasal septum (septal perforation) or causing the bridge of the nose to collapse (saddle nose deformity). Crooked (deviated) nasal septum. The nasal septum is the structure that divides the nose into two parts. Permanent breathing difficulty. Persistent drainage from one or both nostrils. This may be caused by cerebrospinal fluid draining from the brain into the nose (CSF rhinorrhea) and can occur after a head injury or after surgery on the nose or ears. Infection of the nose, sinuses, or facial bones. A change in or loss of sense of smell.

• #7 Broken Nose (Nasal Fracture) | The Children’s Hospital at Montefiore

  https://www.cham.org/health-library/article?id=aa49289spec

  A broken nose is diagnosed through a physical exam and medical history. An X-ray of the nose may be done. If other facial injuries or fractures are suspected, a CT scan will be done. Your doctor may wish to see you again after the swelling has gone down. This may take several days. […] Most broken noses do not require medical treatment. If treatment is needed, it’s usually done within 2 to 14 days of breaking your nose. […] A simple fracture may be treated by straightening the bone or cartilage in your nose, if it is crooked. Splints or packing the nose with gauze (nasal packing) also may be needed. A more complicated fracture may require surgery. Your doctor may need to move the bone or cartilage back into place. You may also need a splint or nasal packing. Antibiotics are usually given to prevent infection. Your nose may be rechecked and the packing may be removed in 2 to 5 days.

• #8 Management of Acute Nasal Fractures | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/1001/p1315.html

  Nasal fractures may occur in isolation or in association with other facial injuries. […] Fractures that are more than two days old will have substantial edema and should be referred urgently for subspecialty evaluation. […] A nasal injury may be associated with other head and neck trauma that could compromise the patency of the trachea. […] A deformity of the nose usually will be evident when a nasal fracture has occurred. […] Knowledge of the shape and appearance of the patients nose before the injury will aid in comprehending the severity of the nasal injury. […] If a photograph is not available, the photo on a drivers license or identification card also may be used. […] A septal hematoma is a blood-filled cavity between the cartilage and the supporting perichondrium. […] If left untreated, these pockets of blood easily become infected.

• #9 Nasal fracture – aftercare Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/selfcare-instructions/nasal-fracture-aftercare

  Broken nose […] If your nose is crooked from the injury you may need a reduction in order to put the bones back in place. […] You may have a hard time breathing through your nose because the bones may be out of place or there is a lot of swelling. […] You may have one or all of these symptoms of a broken nose: Swelling on the outside and on the bridge of your nose, Pain, A crooked shape to your nose, Bleeding from either inside or outside your nose, Difficulty breathing through your nose, Bruising around one or both eyes. […] If you have a nosebleed that does not stop, your provider may insert soft packing material into the bleeding nostril. […] If you have an open fracture, in which there is a cut in the skin as well as broken nasal bones, you may need stitches and antibiotics. […] If you need a reduction or surgery, you will need to wait until most or all of the swelling has gone down before a complete assessment can be made.

• #10 Broken Nose (Nasal Fracture) – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/broken-nose-nasal-fracture-a-to-z

  If there is a bruise or blood clot on your nasal septum (a septal hematoma), the doctor will make a small incision to allow the blood clot to drain. A septal hematoma that is not drained can lead to permanent deformity of the nose. […] Although tenderness and swelling usually subside within one to two weeks, any deformities of the nasal bones or cartilages are permanent unless they are treated by a specialist.

• #11 Nursing care plan for nasal fracture – Nursing Student Assistance

  https://allnurses.com/nursing-care-plan-nasal-fracture-t210794/

  46 y/o hispanic female presented to ER with L forhead hematoma, complicated nasal laceration with fracture s/p MVA. […] She has bilateral nasal packing, sutures to left nares dry and intact, facial edema, dry mucous membranes […] I am thinking of using 1. Ineffective airway clearance related to nasal fracture and nasal packing manifested by dyspnea, dry mucous membranes, and nasal pain. […] 2. Risk for infection due to nasal laceration […] 3.Anxiety related to nasal surgery manifested by nervousness, restlessness, and increase in B/P […] Symptoms that may or may not occur with nasal fractures and that will help in determining actual and potential nursing problems are: epistaxis, nasal swelling, periorbital ecchymosis and edema, pain, nasal deformity, crepitation of the nasal bones, skin lacerations and abrasions over the fracture.

• #12 How to Care for a Nasal Injury or Broken Nose| Banner Health

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/healthcareblog/better-me/how-to-care-for-a-nasal-injury-or-broken-nose

  A broken nose can cause some serious problems. In addition to possibly changing the appearance of your nose, other issues include a septal hematoma (a blood clot that forms within the wall inside the nose), breathing issues caused by things like a deviated septum and problems with snoring. […] If you suspect your nose is broken, seek medical help. You can be examined by your primary health care provider, at an urgent care or in the emergency department (ED). […] If you or someone you know experiences a blow to the nose, here are some helpful tips for first aid to administer before getting further medical attention. […] Stop the bleeding. Apply firm pressure with your index finger and thumb to the bottom, fleshy part of the nose (not over the bones or bridge of the nose). […] Lean forward not backward. This is a common misconception. You want to lean forward so that any blood drips out of the front of your nose and not down your throat.

• #13 How to Care for a Nasal Injury or Broken Nose| Banner Health

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/healthcareblog/better-me/how-to-care-for-a-nasal-injury-or-broken-nose

  Don’t attempt to straighten your nose. Just because your nose is swollen doesn’t mean it requires a reset, so leave the care of your nose to the experts. […] Apply a cold compress. Prepare an ice pack or cold compress to apply to the nose to help reduce swelling. […] Take a pain reliever with care. Once the bleeding has stopped, you can take a pain reliever, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen. […] Take it easy. Depending on the extent of your nose injury, you may have to take it easy on activities. Follow your providers orders on rest to ensure your nose has time to properly heal. […] If you have signs of a broken nose, seek medical attention so you can be properly diagnosed and treated.

• #14 Broken nose – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/broken-nose/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20370444

  Severe breaks, multiple breaks or breaks that have gone untreated for more than 14 days may need surgery. Surgery can realign the bones and reshape your nose, if necessary. […] If you think you may have broken your nose, take these steps to reduce pain and swelling: Act quickly. When the break first occurs, breathe through your mouth and lean forward to reduce the amount of blood that drains into your throat. […] Apply ice packs or cold compresses immediately after the injury, and then at least four times a day for the first 24 to 48 hours to reduce swelling. […] Take over-the-counter pain relievers, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol, others), ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) or naproxen sodium (Aleve, others), as necessary. […] Elevate your head especially when sleeping so as not to worsen swelling and throbbing.

• #15 Nose fracture: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000061.htm

  Sometimes, surgery may be needed to correct a nose or septum that has been bent out of shape by an injury. A doctor may be able to return nasal bones that have moved out of place back to their normal position within the first 2 weeks after the break. […] If a nose injury happens: Try to stay calm. Breathe through your mouth and lean forward in a sitting position to keep blood from going down the back of your throat. Squeeze the nostrils closed and hold pressure to stop the bleeding. Apply cold compresses to your nose to reduce swelling. If possible, hold the compress so that there isn’t too much pressure on the nose. To help relieve pain, try acetaminophen (Tylenol). […] Get medical help right away if: Bleeding does not stop. Clear fluid keeps draining from the nose. You suspect a blood clot in the septum. You suspect a neck or head injury. The nose looks deformed or out of its usual shape. The person is having difficulty breathing. […] Do not try to straighten a broken nose. Do not move the person if there is reason to suspect a head or neck injury.

• #16 Nasal fracture – aftercare Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/selfcare-instructions/nasal-fracture-aftercare

  For simple breaks, in which the nasal bone is not crooked, in order to keep pain and swelling down, your provider may advise you to: Take relative rest. Try to keep away from any activity where you could bump your nose. Ice your nose for 20 minutes, every 1 to 2 hours while awake. Do not apply ice directly to the skin. Take pain medicine if necessary. Keep your head elevated to help reduce swelling and improve breathing. […] You can keep doing most daily activities, but use extra care. It may be difficult to exercise strenuously because breathing through your nose may be impaired by swelling. […] Do not remove any packing or splints unless your provider tells you to. […] Follow up with your provider 1 to 2 weeks after your injury. […] Isolated nasal fractures usually heal without significant deformity, but surgery may be needed to correct more serious cases.

• #17 Nasal fracture – aftercare: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000554.htm

  For simple breaks, in which the nasal bone is not crooked, in order to keep pain and swelling down, your provider may advise you to: Take relative rest. Try to keep away from any activity where you could bump your nose. Ice your nose for 20 minutes, every 1 to 2 hours while awake. Do not apply ice directly to the skin. Take pain medicine if necessary. Keep your head elevated to help reduce swelling and improve breathing. […] You may have to avoid sports for a while. When your provider tells you it is safe to play again, make sure to wear face and nose guards. […] Follow up with your provider 1 to 2 weeks after your injury. Based on your injury, your provider may want to see you more than one time. […] Isolated nasal fractures usually heal without significant deformity, but surgery may be needed to correct more serious cases. If there has also been injury to the head, face and eyes, additional care will be needed to prevent bleeding, infection, and other serious outcomes.

• #18 Broken nose – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/broken-nose/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20370444

  Your health care provider may press gently on the outside of your nose and its surrounding areas. He or she may look inside your nasal passage to check for obstruction and further signs of broken bones. […] If you have a minor fracture that hasn’t caused your nose to become crooked or otherwise misshapen, you may not need professional medical treatment. You may be fine just using ice on the area and taking over-the-counter pain medications. […] If the break has displaced the bones and cartilage in your nose, your health care provider may be able to manually realign them. This needs to be done within 14 days from when the fracture occurred, preferably sooner. […] Your nose may be splinted with packing on the inside and a dressing on the outside. Sometimes, an internal splint is also necessary for a short time. If used, the packing usually needs to stay in for a week. The dressing may stay on for up to two weeks.

• #19

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=uf7723

  A broken nose is a break, or fracture, of the bone or cartilage. Most broken noses need only home care and a follow-up visit with a doctor. The swelling should go down in a few days. Bruises around your eyes and nose should go away in 2 to 3 weeks. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line (811 in most provinces and territories) if you are having problems. […] If you have a nasal splint or packing, leave it in place until a doctor removes it. […] If your doctor prescribed antibiotics, take them as directed. Do not stop taking them just because you feel better. You need to take the full course of antibiotics. […] Take decongestants as directed to help you breathe after the splint or packing is removed.

• #20 Nursing care plan for nasal fracture – Nursing Student Assistance

  https://allnurses.com/nursing-care-plan-nasal-fracture-t210794/

  46 y/o hispanic female presented to ER with L forhead hematoma, complicated nasal laceration with fracture s/p MVA. […] She has bilateral nasal packing, sutures to left nares dry and intact, facial edema, dry mucous membranes […] I am thinking of using 1. Ineffective airway clearance related to nasal fracture and nasal packing manifested by dyspnea, dry mucous membranes, and nasal pain. […] 2. Risk for infection due to nasal laceration […] 3.Anxiety related to nasal surgery manifested by nervousness, restlessness, and increase in B/P […] Symptoms that may or may not occur with nasal fractures and that will help in determining actual and potential nursing problems are: epistaxis, nasal swelling, periorbital ecchymosis and edema, pain, nasal deformity, crepitation of the nasal bones, skin lacerations and abrasions over the fracture.

• #21 Nursing care plan for nasal fracture – Nursing Student Assistance

  https://allnurses.com/nursing-care-plan-nasal-fracture-t210794/

  If she has enough swelling perhaps she’s going to have difficulty eating and swallowing as well as breathing. With the nasal packing in place a patent airway might be a real problem. […] Complications of having nasal packing include: blood loss, infections like otitis media and sinusitis, hypoxemia, airway obstruction, mucosal pressure necrosis, hypotension, septal hematoma perforation, vasovagal episode, migration of nasal packing. […] I think it is the biggest problem for her is maintain a patent airway. […] 2. Position the pt in semi-Fowlers position. Rationale: To facilitate respirations reduce swelling, and control epitaxsis. […] Educate the client and family about the significance of changes in nasal or sputum characteristics, including color, character, amount, and odor. Rationale: The client and family can identify the signs of infection and seek treatment before acute illness occurs.

• #22 Nursing care plan for nasal fracture – Nursing Student Assistance

  https://allnurses.com/nursing-care-plan-nasal-fracture-t210794/

  If she has enough swelling perhaps she’s going to have difficulty eating and swallowing as well as breathing. With the nasal packing in place a patent airway might be a real problem. […] Complications of having nasal packing include: blood loss, infections like otitis media and sinusitis, hypoxemia, airway obstruction, mucosal pressure necrosis, hypotension, septal hematoma perforation, vasovagal episode, migration of nasal packing. […] I think it is the biggest problem for her is maintain a patent airway. […] 2. Position the pt in semi-Fowlers position. Rationale: To facilitate respirations reduce swelling, and control epitaxsis. […] Educate the client and family about the significance of changes in nasal or sputum characteristics, including color, character, amount, and odor. Rationale: The client and family can identify the signs of infection and seek treatment before acute illness occurs.

• #23 Nasal fracture – aftercare: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000554.htm

  For simple breaks, in which the nasal bone is not crooked, in order to keep pain and swelling down, your provider may advise you to: Take relative rest. Try to keep away from any activity where you could bump your nose. Ice your nose for 20 minutes, every 1 to 2 hours while awake. Do not apply ice directly to the skin. Take pain medicine if necessary. Keep your head elevated to help reduce swelling and improve breathing. […] You may have to avoid sports for a while. When your provider tells you it is safe to play again, make sure to wear face and nose guards. […] Follow up with your provider 1 to 2 weeks after your injury. Based on your injury, your provider may want to see you more than one time. […] Isolated nasal fractures usually heal without significant deformity, but surgery may be needed to correct more serious cases. If there has also been injury to the head, face and eyes, additional care will be needed to prevent bleeding, infection, and other serious outcomes.

• #24 Nursing care plan for nasal fracture – Nursing Student Assistance

  https://allnurses.com/nursing-care-plan-nasal-fracture-t210794/

  If she has enough swelling perhaps she’s going to have difficulty eating and swallowing as well as breathing. With the nasal packing in place a patent airway might be a real problem. […] Complications of having nasal packing include: blood loss, infections like otitis media and sinusitis, hypoxemia, airway obstruction, mucosal pressure necrosis, hypotension, septal hematoma perforation, vasovagal episode, migration of nasal packing. […] I think it is the biggest problem for her is maintain a patent airway. […] 2. Position the pt in semi-Fowlers position. Rationale: To facilitate respirations reduce swelling, and control epitaxsis. […] Educate the client and family about the significance of changes in nasal or sputum characteristics, including color, character, amount, and odor. Rationale: The client and family can identify the signs of infection and seek treatment before acute illness occurs.

• #25 Nasal fracture – aftercare Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/selfcare-instructions/nasal-fracture-aftercare

  Contact your provider if you have: Any open wound or bleeding, Fever, Foul smelling or discolored (yellow, green, or red) drainage from the nose, Nausea and vomiting, Sudden numbness or tingling, Sudden increase in pain or swelling, Injury does not seem to be healing as expected, Difficulty breathing that does not go away, Any changes in vision or double vision, Worsening headache.

• #26 Nasal fracture – aftercare: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000554.htm

  Contact your provider if you have: Any open wound or bleeding, Fever, Foul smelling or discolored (yellow, green, or red) drainage from the nose, Nausea and vomiting, Sudden numbness or tingling, Sudden increase in pain or swelling, Injury does not seem to be healing as expected, Difficulty breathing that does not go away, Any changes in vision or double vision, Worsening headache.

• #27 Broken nose – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/broken-nose/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20370444

  For the first two weeks after treatment, don’t play any sports. Avoid contact sports for at least six weeks after your injury. […] If the injury to your nose is less severe accompanied only by swelling and moderate pain you may choose to wait before seeking care. This allows time for the swelling to subside, making it easier to evaluate your injury. […] However, it’s best not to wait longer than 3 to 5 days before seeing your health care provider if your signs and symptoms persist.

• #28 Nasal fracture – aftercare: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000554.htm

  For simple breaks, in which the nasal bone is not crooked, in order to keep pain and swelling down, your provider may advise you to: Take relative rest. Try to keep away from any activity where you could bump your nose. Ice your nose for 20 minutes, every 1 to 2 hours while awake. Do not apply ice directly to the skin. Take pain medicine if necessary. Keep your head elevated to help reduce swelling and improve breathing. […] You may have to avoid sports for a while. When your provider tells you it is safe to play again, make sure to wear face and nose guards. […] Follow up with your provider 1 to 2 weeks after your injury. Based on your injury, your provider may want to see you more than one time. […] Isolated nasal fractures usually heal without significant deformity, but surgery may be needed to correct more serious cases. If there has also been injury to the head, face and eyes, additional care will be needed to prevent bleeding, infection, and other serious outcomes.

• #29

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=uf7723

  A broken nose is a break, or fracture, of the bone or cartilage. Most broken noses need only home care and a follow-up visit with a doctor. The swelling should go down in a few days. Bruises around your eyes and nose should go away in 2 to 3 weeks. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor or nurse advice line (811 in most provinces and territories) if you are having problems. […] If you have a nasal splint or packing, leave it in place until a doctor removes it. […] If your doctor prescribed antibiotics, take them as directed. Do not stop taking them just because you feel better. You need to take the full course of antibiotics. […] Take decongestants as directed to help you breathe after the splint or packing is removed.

• #30 Broken Nose (Nasal Fracture) | The Children’s Hospital at Montefiore

  https://www.cham.org/health-library/article?id=aa49289spec

  You can break your nose during play, sports, accidents, fights, and falls. […] Symptoms of a broken nose include: Nose pain. Swelling of the nose. A crooked or bent appearance. Bruising around the nose or eyes. A runny nose or a nosebleed. A grating sound or feeling when the nose is touched or rubbed. Blocked nasal passages. […] Possible complications of a broken nose include: Change in the appearance of the nose or the tip of the nose. Swelling or a bump on the thin wall (nasal septum) between the nostrils of the nose (nasal septal hematoma). A hole in the nasal septum (septal perforation) or causing the bridge of the nose to collapse (saddle nose deformity). Crooked (deviated) nasal septum. The nasal septum is the structure that divides the nose into two parts. Permanent breathing difficulty. Persistent drainage from one or both nostrils. This may be caused by cerebrospinal fluid draining from the brain into the nose (CSF rhinorrhea) and can occur after a head injury or after surgery on the nose or ears. Infection of the nose, sinuses, or facial bones. A change in or loss of sense of smell.

• #31 Broken Nose (Nasal Fracture) – Health Information Library | PeaceHealth

  https://www.peacehealth.org/medical-topics/id/aa49289spec

  You can break your nose during play, sports, accidents, fights, and falls. […] Symptoms of a broken nose include: Nose pain. Swelling of the nose. A crooked or bent appearance. Bruising around the nose or eyes. A runny nose or a nosebleed. A grating sound or feeling when the nose is touched or rubbed. Blocked nasal passages. […] Possible complications of a broken nose include: Change in the appearance of the nose or the tip of the nose. Swelling or a bump on the thin wall (nasal septum) between the nostrils of the nose (nasal septal hematoma). A hole in the nasal septum (septal perforation) or causing the bridge of the nose to collapse (saddle nose deformity). Crooked (deviated) nasal septum. The nasal septum is the structure that divides the nose into two parts. Permanent breathing difficulty. Persistent drainage from one or both nostrils. This may be caused by cerebrospinal fluid draining from the brain into the nose (CSF rhinorrhea) and can occur after a head injury or after surgery on the nose or ears. Infection of the nose, sinuses, or facial bones. A change in or loss of sense of smell.

• #32 Broken Nose (Nasal Fracture) | The Children’s Hospital at Montefiore

  https://www.cham.org/health-library/article?id=aa49289spec

  You can break your nose during play, sports, accidents, fights, and falls. […] Symptoms of a broken nose include: Nose pain. Swelling of the nose. A crooked or bent appearance. Bruising around the nose or eyes. A runny nose or a nosebleed. A grating sound or feeling when the nose is touched or rubbed. Blocked nasal passages. […] Possible complications of a broken nose include: Change in the appearance of the nose or the tip of the nose. Swelling or a bump on the thin wall (nasal septum) between the nostrils of the nose (nasal septal hematoma). A hole in the nasal septum (septal perforation) or causing the bridge of the nose to collapse (saddle nose deformity). Crooked (deviated) nasal septum. The nasal septum is the structure that divides the nose into two parts. Permanent breathing difficulty. Persistent drainage from one or both nostrils. This may be caused by cerebrospinal fluid draining from the brain into the nose (CSF rhinorrhea) and can occur after a head injury or after surgery on the nose or ears. Infection of the nose, sinuses, or facial bones. A change in or loss of sense of smell.

• #33 Nose fracture Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/injury/nose-fracture

  A nose fracture is a break in the bone or cartilage over the bridge, or in the sidewall or septum (structure that divides the nostrils) of the nose. […] A fractured nose is the most common fracture of the face. It most often occurs after an injury and often occurs with other fractures of the face. […] Serious nose injuries cause problems that need a health care provider’s attention right away. For example, damage to the cartilage can cause a collection of blood to form inside the nose. If this blood is not drained right away, it can cause an abscess or a permanent deformity that blocks the nose. It may lead to tissue death and cause the nose to collapse. […] For minor nose injuries, the provider may want to see the person within the first week after the injury to see if the nose has moved out of its normal shape.

• #34 Management of Acute Nasal Fractures | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/1001/p1315.html

  Nasal fractures may occur in isolation or in association with other facial injuries. […] Fractures that are more than two days old will have substantial edema and should be referred urgently for subspecialty evaluation. […] A nasal injury may be associated with other head and neck trauma that could compromise the patency of the trachea. […] A deformity of the nose usually will be evident when a nasal fracture has occurred. […] Knowledge of the shape and appearance of the patients nose before the injury will aid in comprehending the severity of the nasal injury. […] If a photograph is not available, the photo on a drivers license or identification card also may be used. […] A septal hematoma is a blood-filled cavity between the cartilage and the supporting perichondrium. […] If left untreated, these pockets of blood easily become infected.

• #35 Nasal Fracture in Children

  https://www.nationwidechildrens.org/conditions/health-library/nasal-fracture-in-children

  A nasal fracture is a break in one or more of the bones of the nose, caused by trauma. Its also called a broken nose. […] Nasal fractures are more common in adults than in children. […] Nasal fracture is fairly uncommon in young children because they don’t take part in the activities that can cause a nasal fracture. […] Symptoms of a nasal fracture might include: Nosebleed, Swelling, Bruising of the nose, Bruising under the eye, Tenderness when touching the nose, Crunching sound when touching the nose, Trouble breathing out of the nose, Deformity of the nose. […] Treatment will depend on your childs symptoms, age, and general health. […] Many children need reduction of the nasal fracture as part of their treatment. […] Your child may need to have their nose put back in alignment, usually under general anesthesia.

• #36 Nasal Fracture in Children | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions—pediatrics/n/nasal-fracture-in-children.html

  A nasal fracture is a break in one or more of the bones of the nose, caused by trauma. Its also called a broken nose. […] Treatment will depend on your childs symptoms, age, and general health. It will also depend on how severe the condition is. […] Many children need reduction of the nasal fracture as part of their treatment. This just means that a healthcare provider needs to realign the bones if they are out of place. […] Your child may need to have their nose put back in alignment, usually under general anesthesia. […] Your child may need additional surgery to help restore the noses cosmetic appearance. […] For several weeks after the injury, it’s important to be especially careful not to reinjure the nose.

• #37 Treatment for Broken Nose (Nasal Fracture) in Children | Saint Luke’s Health System

  https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/treatment-broken-nose-nasal-fracture-children

  A nasal fracture is a break in 1 or more of the bones of the nose. Its also called a broken nose. Nasal fractures are more common in adults than in children. Childrens nasal bones are more difficult to fracture. But the nasal bone is one of the most commonly fractured bones of the face. The lower part of the nasal bone is thinner than the upper part and breaks more easily. In babies, nasal fracture can cause trouble breathing. This is because babies don’t normally breathe through their mouths. A baby with a nasal fracture needs emergency treatment. […] Your child may need to see an ear, nose, and throat doctor (otolaryngologist) for treatment. Treatment is based on your childs age, overall health, and the type of injury. […] Your child will need to sit upright for a time after the injury. This helps to reduce swelling of the nose. It also helps to keep blood from pooling in the nose. First treatments may include pain medicines and ice.

• #38 Broken nose – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/broken-nose/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20370444

  Your health care provider may press gently on the outside of your nose and its surrounding areas. He or she may look inside your nasal passage to check for obstruction and further signs of broken bones. […] If you have a minor fracture that hasn’t caused your nose to become crooked or otherwise misshapen, you may not need professional medical treatment. You may be fine just using ice on the area and taking over-the-counter pain medications. […] If the break has displaced the bones and cartilage in your nose, your health care provider may be able to manually realign them. This needs to be done within 14 days from when the fracture occurred, preferably sooner. […] Your nose may be splinted with packing on the inside and a dressing on the outside. Sometimes, an internal splint is also necessary for a short time. If used, the packing usually needs to stay in for a week. The dressing may stay on for up to two weeks.

• #39 Broken nose // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/broken-nose

  If the break has damaged your nasal septum the middle part of your nose that divides your nostril your breathing may feel blocked or you may feel like you have a stuffy nose. Reconstructive surgery may be recommended. […] If you have a minor fracture that hasn’t caused your nose to become crooked or otherwise misshapen, you may not need professional medical treatment. […] If the break has displaced the bones and cartilage in your nose, your health care provider may be able to manually realign them. […] Severe breaks, multiple breaks or breaks that have gone untreated for more than 14 days may need surgery. […] If you think you may have broken your nose, take these steps to reduce pain and swelling: Use ice. Apply ice packs or cold compresses immediately after the injury, and then at least four times a day for the first 24 to 48 hours to reduce swelling. […] For the first two weeks after treatment, don’t play any sports. Avoid contact sports for at least six weeks after your injury. […] It’s best not to wait longer than 3 to 5 days before seeing your health care provider if your signs and symptoms persist.

• #40 Nursing care plan for nasal fracture – Nursing Student Assistance

  https://allnurses.com/nursing-care-plan-nasal-fracture-t210794/

  46 y/o hispanic female presented to ER with L forhead hematoma, complicated nasal laceration with fracture s/p MVA. […] She has bilateral nasal packing, sutures to left nares dry and intact, facial edema, dry mucous membranes […] I am thinking of using 1. Ineffective airway clearance related to nasal fracture and nasal packing manifested by dyspnea, dry mucous membranes, and nasal pain. […] 2. Risk for infection due to nasal laceration […] 3.Anxiety related to nasal surgery manifested by nervousness, restlessness, and increase in B/P […] Symptoms that may or may not occur with nasal fractures and that will help in determining actual and potential nursing problems are: epistaxis, nasal swelling, periorbital ecchymosis and edema, pain, nasal deformity, crepitation of the nasal bones, skin lacerations and abrasions over the fracture.

• #41 Nursing care plan for nasal fracture – Nursing Student Assistance

  https://allnurses.com/nursing-care-plan-nasal-fracture-t210794/

  If she has enough swelling perhaps she’s going to have difficulty eating and swallowing as well as breathing. With the nasal packing in place a patent airway might be a real problem. […] Complications of having nasal packing include: blood loss, infections like otitis media and sinusitis, hypoxemia, airway obstruction, mucosal pressure necrosis, hypotension, septal hematoma perforation, vasovagal episode, migration of nasal packing. […] I think it is the biggest problem for her is maintain a patent airway. […] 2. Position the pt in semi-Fowlers position. Rationale: To facilitate respirations reduce swelling, and control epitaxsis. […] Educate the client and family about the significance of changes in nasal or sputum characteristics, including color, character, amount, and odor. Rationale: The client and family can identify the signs of infection and seek treatment before acute illness occurs.

• #42 Broken nose – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/broken-nose/symptoms-causes/syc-20370439

  If your fracture is due to a forceful blow, such as from an automobile accident, you also may experience a cartilage fracture. […] If a blow is strong enough to break your nose, it may also be strong enough to damage the bones in your neck. […] You can help prevent a nose fracture with these guidelines: Wear your seat belt when traveling in a motorized vehicle, and keep children restrained in age-appropriate child safety seats; Wear the recommended safety equipment, such as a helmet with a face mask, when playing hockey, football or other contact sports; Wear a helmet during bicycle or motorcycle rides.

• #43 Broken Nose (Fractured Nose): Symptoms and Treatments

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/broken-nose-8702951

  Avoiding physical altercations can prevent broken noses. […] If you play sports, wearing protective face gear during athletic events can significantly reduce broken nose risks. […] Most broken noses don’t require surgery but are realigned by a trained medical professional using their fingers within two weeks of the injury.

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