Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Patient education: High cholesterol and lipid treatment options (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/high-cholesterol-and-lipid-treatment-options-beyond-the-basics/print

  Patient education: High cholesterol and lipid treatment options (Beyond the Basics) […] A high cholesterol level (also called „hypercholesterolemia”) can significantly increase your risk of developing chest pain, heart attack, and stroke. Fortunately, a number of effective treatment options are available. […] Cholesterol levels (notably LDL cholesterol and triglycerides) can almost always be lowered with a combination of weight loss (achieved with diet and exercise), and medications. […] The decision to start cholesterol-lowering treatment is made on a case-by-case basis. […] Studies have shown that in people with coronary heart disease, taking medication to significantly lower the level of „bad” cholesterol, called low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, is beneficial. […] Many health care providers recommend treating anyone with CVD (including people who have coronary heart disease or have had a stroke) with high-dose statin therapy.

• #1 Cholesterol | Women’s Heart Health Centre

  https://cwhhc.ottawaheart.ca/education-and-tools/what-can-i-do/cholesterol

  Making recommended lifestyle changes can improve your cholesterol by 5% to 10%, but medications have been shown to lower LDL-cholesterol by 20% to 55%, depending on the type that is prescribed and the dosage. […] To achieve healthy cholesterol levels, many patients require both cholesterol-lowering drugs and changes in lifestyle habits. […] The three main types of treatment are as follows: […] All patients who already have coronary heart disease or diabetes should be treated with a statin. Statins are safe and effective drugs for lowering cholesterol. […] Drug therapy guidelines for high triglycerides are not as clear-cut as they are for cholesterol. However, fibrates are the drug of choice for lowering triglycerides in the very high range for people whose cholesterol levels are relatively normal.

• #1 Prevention and Treatment of High Cholesterol (Hyperlipidemia) | American Heart Association

  https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/cholesterol/prevention-and-treatment-of-high-cholesterol-hyperlipidemia

  When it comes to cholesterol, it’s important to know your numbers. […] If you’re diagnosed with high cholesterol, your overall health and other risks such as smoking or high blood pressure will help guide treatment. […] The good news is that high cholesterol can be lowered, reducing the risk of heart disease and stroke. […] Often, changing behaviors can help bring your numbers into line. If lifestyle changes alone don’t improve your cholesterol levels, medication may be prescribed. […] A heart-healthy diet emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, poultry, fish, nuts and nontropical vegetable oils, while limiting red and processed meats, sodium and sugar-sweetened foods and beverages. […] Physical activity is important. At least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise a week is enough to lower both cholesterol and high blood pressure.

• #2 Patient education: High cholesterol and lipid treatment options (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/high-cholesterol-and-lipid-treatment-options-beyond-the-basics

  Patient education: High cholesterol and lipid treatment options (Beyond the Basics) […] A high cholesterol level (also called „hypercholesterolemia”) can significantly increase your risk of developing chest pain, heart attack, and stroke. Fortunately, a number of effective treatment options are available. […] Cholesterol levels (notably LDL cholesterol and triglycerides) can almost always be lowered with a combination of weight loss (achieved with diet and exercise), and medications. […] The decision to start cholesterol-lowering treatment is made on a case-by-case basis. […] Studies have shown that in people with coronary heart disease, taking medication to significantly lower the level of „bad” cholesterol, called low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, is beneficial. […] Many health care providers recommend treating anyone with CVD (including people who have coronary heart disease or have had a stroke) with high-dose statin therapy.

• #2 Prevention and Treatment of High Cholesterol (Hyperlipidemia) | American Heart Association

  https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/cholesterol/prevention-and-treatment-of-high-cholesterol-hyperlipidemia

  When it comes to cholesterol, it’s important to know your numbers. […] If you’re diagnosed with high cholesterol, your overall health and other risks such as smoking or high blood pressure will help guide treatment. […] The good news is that high cholesterol can be lowered, reducing the risk of heart disease and stroke. […] Often, changing behaviors can help bring your numbers into line. If lifestyle changes alone don’t improve your cholesterol levels, medication may be prescribed. […] A heart-healthy diet emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, poultry, fish, nuts and nontropical vegetable oils, while limiting red and processed meats, sodium and sugar-sweetened foods and beverages. […] Physical activity is important. At least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise a week is enough to lower both cholesterol and high blood pressure.

• #2 Patient education: High cholesterol and lipid treatment options (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/high-cholesterol-and-lipid-treatment-options-beyond-the-basics

  If you have high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, you should try to make some changes in your day-to-day habits, including reducing the amount of total and saturated fat in your diet, losing weight (if you are overweight or obese), getting regular aerobic exercise, and eating plenty of fruits and vegetables. […] There are many medications available to help lower elevated levels of LDL cholesterol. […] Statins are one of the best-studied classes of medications and the most commonly used drugs for lowering LDL cholesterol. […] Ezetimibe (brand name: Zetia) blocks the body’s ability to actively transport cholesterol from food as well as cholesterol that the body produces internally. […] Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) monoclonal antibody inhibitors are another class of drugs that lower LDL cholesterol levels.

• #3 Prevention and Treatment of High Cholesterol (Hyperlipidemia) | American Heart Association

  https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/cholesterol/prevention-and-treatment-of-high-cholesterol-hyperlipidemia

  When it comes to cholesterol, it’s important to know your numbers. […] If you’re diagnosed with high cholesterol, your overall health and other risks such as smoking or high blood pressure will help guide treatment. […] The good news is that high cholesterol can be lowered, reducing the risk of heart disease and stroke. […] Often, changing behaviors can help bring your numbers into line. If lifestyle changes alone don’t improve your cholesterol levels, medication may be prescribed. […] A heart-healthy diet emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, poultry, fish, nuts and nontropical vegetable oils, while limiting red and processed meats, sodium and sugar-sweetened foods and beverages. […] Physical activity is important. At least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise a week is enough to lower both cholesterol and high blood pressure.

• #4 Prevention and Treatment of High Cholesterol (Hyperlipidemia) | American Heart Association

  https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/cholesterol/prevention-and-treatment-of-high-cholesterol-hyperlipidemia

  By quitting, smokers can lower their triglycerides and increase their HDL cholesterol levels. […] But a weight loss of as little as 5% to 10% may help improve some cholesterol numbers and other heart disease risk factors. […] Your health care professional can help you reach your health goals, including keeping your cholesterol at healthy levels. […] Making decisions with your health care team is the best way to create a treatment plan you’ll be more likely to stick to.

• #5 Prevention and Treatment of High Cholesterol (Hyperlipidemia) | American Heart Association

  https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/cholesterol/prevention-and-treatment-of-high-cholesterol-hyperlipidemia

  By quitting, smokers can lower their triglycerides and increase their HDL cholesterol levels. […] But a weight loss of as little as 5% to 10% may help improve some cholesterol numbers and other heart disease risk factors. […] Your health care professional can help you reach your health goals, including keeping your cholesterol at healthy levels. […] Making decisions with your health care team is the best way to create a treatment plan you’ll be more likely to stick to.

• #6 High cholesterol – symptoms, causes and levels – BHF

  https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/risk-factors/high-cholesterol

  Treated high cholesterol can involve lifestyle changes and medications. […] If lifestyle changes are not enough to lower your high cholesterol, your doctor may suggest medication. […] Statins are the main type of medicine used to reduce cholesterol. […] Your doctor will let you know if you need to take any other drugs which help control your cholesterol levels. […] If you are diagnosed with high cholesterol, your GP should invite you for a blood test every year to check your levels and adjust your treatment if necessary. […] There is lots you can do to help lower your cholesterol: try ways of getting more active, which will help lower your cholesterol but also help you sleep better and feel more energetic; cut down on alcohol and stop smoking; enjoy trying healthy foods and recipes that are good for your heart.

• #7 Blood Cholesterol – Treatment | NHLBI, NIH

  https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/blood-cholesterol/treatment

  To treat unhealthy blood cholesterol levels, your healthcare provider may recommend heart- healthy lifestyle changes and prescribe medicines. […] Your healthcare provider may prescribe one of these medicines to help lower high blood cholesterol: […] Statins are the most common medicine used to treat high blood cholesterol. […] Ezetimibe or bempedoic acid may be used if statins cause side effects, or if statin treatment and lifestyle changes do not lower your bad LDL level enough. […] Bile acid sequestrants may be prescribed if you cannot take statins or if statins alone are not lowering your cholesterol enough. […] PCSK9 inhibitors are a type of medicine that you inject under your skin. […] If your provider prescribes medicines as part of your treatment plan, be sure to continue your healthy lifestyle changes. […] Some people with familial hypercholesterolemia may benefit from lipoprotein apheresis to lower their blood cholesterol levels.

• #8 Patient education: High cholesterol and lipid treatment options (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/high-cholesterol-and-lipid-treatment-options-beyond-the-basics/print

  Patient education: High cholesterol and lipid treatment options (Beyond the Basics) […] A high cholesterol level (also called „hypercholesterolemia”) can significantly increase your risk of developing chest pain, heart attack, and stroke. Fortunately, a number of effective treatment options are available. […] Cholesterol levels (notably LDL cholesterol and triglycerides) can almost always be lowered with a combination of weight loss (achieved with diet and exercise), and medications. […] The decision to start cholesterol-lowering treatment is made on a case-by-case basis. […] Studies have shown that in people with coronary heart disease, taking medication to significantly lower the level of „bad” cholesterol, called low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, is beneficial. […] Many health care providers recommend treating anyone with CVD (including people who have coronary heart disease or have had a stroke) with high-dose statin therapy.

• #9

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/high-cholesterol/medicines-for-high-cholesterol/

  You might need medicine to lower your cholesterol if: […] Ask your doctor about the medicines you can take. […] Statins are the most common medicine for high cholesterol. […] They reduce the amount of cholesterol your body makes. […] Other medicines may be used if statins do not work or you do not want to take statins. […] These include:

• #10 High cholesterol – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-cholesterol/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350806

  Treatment choices to reach ideal cholesterol and triglyceride levels should be tailored to meet your needs. Talk with your healthcare professional about what levels are best for you. […] Treatment for high cholesterol can include medicine. Together with healthy lifestyle changes, medicine can lower the risk of heart attacks and strokes. […] You may benefit from one or more medicines. It depends on things such as your risk factors, age, health and possible medicine side effects. Your healthcare professional helps choose the right treatments for you. […] Common cholesterol medicines include: […] Statins block a substance that the liver needs to make cholesterol. This causes the liver to make less cholesterol and to remove cholesterol from the blood. […] The medicine ezetimibe (Zetia) helps lower the amount of cholesterol absorbed from food. Your healthcare professional may prescribe ezetimibe with a statin.

• #11 Patient education: High cholesterol and lipid treatment options (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/high-cholesterol-and-lipid-treatment-options-beyond-the-basics/print

  There are many medications available to help lower elevated levels of LDL cholesterol. […] Statins are one of the best-studied classes of medications and the most commonly used drugs for lowering LDL cholesterol. […] Statins decrease the body’s production of cholesterol and increase removal of cholesterol by the liver, so they reduce LDL cholesterol levels by as much as 25 to 55 percent. […] Ezetimibe (brand name: Zetia) blocks the body’s ability to actively transport cholesterol from food as well as cholesterol that the body produces internally. […] Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) monoclonal antibody inhibitors are another class of drugs that lower LDL cholesterol levels. […] The bile acid sequestrants include colesevelam (brand name: Welchol), colestipol (brand name: Colestid), and cholestyramine.

• #12 Cholesterol Medications | American Heart Association

  https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/cholesterol/prevention-and-treatment-of-high-cholesterol-hyperlipidemia/cholesterol-medications

  For some people, lifestyle changes, such as a healthier diet and more physical activity, may prevent or treat unhealthy cholesterol levels. For others with high cholesterol, medication may also be needed. […] Work with your health care professional to develop a treatment plan that’s right for you. If medication is required, be sure to take it as prescribed. The potential benefit to your health is worth making these medications part of your normal routine. […] Various medications can lower blood cholesterol numbers. […] Statins are recommended for most patients and have been directly associated with a reduction in the risk of heart attack or stroke. Statins continue to provide the most effective lipid-lowering treatment in most cases. […] Some people who don’t fall into these categories may also benefit from statin therapy.

• #13 Guidelines for the Management of High Blood Cholesterol – Endotext – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK305897/

  Meta-analysis has shown that for every mmol/L (39 mg/dL) reduction in LDL-C with statin therapy there is an approximate 22% reduction in ASCVD events. […] Ezetimibe blocks cholesterol absorption in the intestine and also raises hepatic LDL receptor activity. It moderately lowers LDL-C (15-25%). […] Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) promotes degradation of LDL receptors and raises LDL-C levels. Inhibition of PCSK9 increases the number of hepatic LDL receptors and markedly lowers LDL-C concentrations (50-60% decrease). […] Bempedoic acid is an adenosine triphosphate-citrate lyase (ACL) inhibitor and thereby inhibits cholesterol synthesis leading to an increase in LDL receptor activity. Bempedoic acid typically lowers LDL-C by 15-25%. […] In patients with severe primary hypercholesterolemia (LDL-C greater than 190mg/dL (4.9mMol/L)) without concomitant ASCVD begin high-intensity statin therapy (or moderate intensity statin + ezetimibe) to achieve an LDL-C goal of 100mg/dL; if this goal is not achieved consider adding a PCSK9 inhibitor in selected patients at higher risk.

• #14

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=zp3027&lang=en-ca

  The goal in treating cholesterol is to lower your chance of having a heart attack or a stroke. The two main types of treatment are: Heart-healthy lifestyle and Medicines called statins. Your doctor may recommend that you take statins if the benefits outweigh the risks. Your doctor is likely to strongly recommend statins if you have coronary artery disease, have peripheral arterial disease, had a heart attack, had a stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), have or had an abdominal aortic aneurysm, or have chronic kidney disease. Your doctor is likely to recommend statins if your LDL cholesterol is 5.0 mmol/L or above, you have diabetes and certain conditions are true, or your risk of a heart attack or stroke is 10% or greater and either your cholesterol is 3.5 mmol/L or above or you have certain other risk factors. Your doctor may talk with you about also taking a cholesterol absorption inhibitor or a PCSK9-inhibitor. These medicines can also reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke for some people. Other medicines can improve cholesterol and triglyceride levels, but they have not been proven to lower the risk of a heart attack or a stroke.

• #15

  https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/high-cholesterol/treatment/

  If you’ve high cholesterol, you’ll be advised to make changes to your diet. You’ll also be told to increase your level of exercise. […] Your GP will recommend medication if your cholesterol has not dropped after a few months. […] There are various treatments for high cholesterol. […] There are several different types of cholesterol-lowering medication that work in different ways. Your GP can tell you about the most suitable type of treatment. […] The most prescribed medications are statins, aspirin and ezetimibe. […] Statins block the enzyme in your liver that helps to make cholesterol. This leads to a reduction in your blood cholesterol level. […] Once diagnosed with high cholesterol, you will be prescribed a statin such as atorvastatin, simvastatin, pravastatin or rosuvastatin.

• #16 Management of Dyslipidemia in Adults | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/1998/0501/p2192.html

  Lovastatin (Mevacor), pravastatin (Pravachol), simvastatin (Zocor), fluvastatin (Lescol), atorvastatin (Lipitor) and cerivastatin (Baycol) are HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, or statins, that inhibit cholesterol synthesis. […] Evidence suggests that these agents reduce untoward cardiovascular events and work by mechanisms beyond the simple reduction in the LDL cholesterol level. […] Statins should generally be taken in a single dose with the evening meal or at bedtime to maximize the LDL lowering effect. […] The anion exchange resins cholestyramine (Questran) and colestipol (Colestid) bind cholesterol-containing bile acids in the intestines, producing an insoluble complex that prevents reabsorption. […] Nicotinic acid, or niacin, decreases the synthesis of LDL cholesterol by reducing the hepatic synthesis of VLDL cholesterol, by increasing the synthesis of HDL cholesterol, by inhibiting lipolysis in adipose tissue and by increasing lipase activity.

• #17 High cholesterol – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-cholesterol/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350806

  Treatment choices to reach ideal cholesterol and triglyceride levels should be tailored to meet your needs. Talk with your healthcare professional about what levels are best for you. […] Treatment for high cholesterol can include medicine. Together with healthy lifestyle changes, medicine can lower the risk of heart attacks and strokes. […] You may benefit from one or more medicines. It depends on things such as your risk factors, age, health and possible medicine side effects. Your healthcare professional helps choose the right treatments for you. […] Common cholesterol medicines include: […] Statins block a substance that the liver needs to make cholesterol. This causes the liver to make less cholesterol and to remove cholesterol from the blood. […] The medicine ezetimibe (Zetia) helps lower the amount of cholesterol absorbed from food. Your healthcare professional may prescribe ezetimibe with a statin.

• #18 Patient education: High cholesterol and lipid treatment options (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/high-cholesterol-and-lipid-treatment-options-beyond-the-basics/print

  There are many medications available to help lower elevated levels of LDL cholesterol. […] Statins are one of the best-studied classes of medications and the most commonly used drugs for lowering LDL cholesterol. […] Statins decrease the body’s production of cholesterol and increase removal of cholesterol by the liver, so they reduce LDL cholesterol levels by as much as 25 to 55 percent. […] Ezetimibe (brand name: Zetia) blocks the body’s ability to actively transport cholesterol from food as well as cholesterol that the body produces internally. […] Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) monoclonal antibody inhibitors are another class of drugs that lower LDL cholesterol levels. […] The bile acid sequestrants include colesevelam (brand name: Welchol), colestipol (brand name: Colestid), and cholestyramine.

• #19 Guidelines for the Management of High Blood Cholesterol – Endotext – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK305897/

  Meta-analysis has shown that for every mmol/L (39 mg/dL) reduction in LDL-C with statin therapy there is an approximate 22% reduction in ASCVD events. […] Ezetimibe blocks cholesterol absorption in the intestine and also raises hepatic LDL receptor activity. It moderately lowers LDL-C (15-25%). […] Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) promotes degradation of LDL receptors and raises LDL-C levels. Inhibition of PCSK9 increases the number of hepatic LDL receptors and markedly lowers LDL-C concentrations (50-60% decrease). […] Bempedoic acid is an adenosine triphosphate-citrate lyase (ACL) inhibitor and thereby inhibits cholesterol synthesis leading to an increase in LDL receptor activity. Bempedoic acid typically lowers LDL-C by 15-25%. […] In patients with severe primary hypercholesterolemia (LDL-C greater than 190mg/dL (4.9mMol/L)) without concomitant ASCVD begin high-intensity statin therapy (or moderate intensity statin + ezetimibe) to achieve an LDL-C goal of 100mg/dL; if this goal is not achieved consider adding a PCSK9 inhibitor in selected patients at higher risk.

• #20 Blood Cholesterol – Treatment | NHLBI, NIH

  https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/blood-cholesterol/treatment

  To treat unhealthy blood cholesterol levels, your healthcare provider may recommend heart- healthy lifestyle changes and prescribe medicines. […] Your healthcare provider may prescribe one of these medicines to help lower high blood cholesterol: […] Statins are the most common medicine used to treat high blood cholesterol. […] Ezetimibe or bempedoic acid may be used if statins cause side effects, or if statin treatment and lifestyle changes do not lower your bad LDL level enough. […] Bile acid sequestrants may be prescribed if you cannot take statins or if statins alone are not lowering your cholesterol enough. […] PCSK9 inhibitors are a type of medicine that you inject under your skin. […] If your provider prescribes medicines as part of your treatment plan, be sure to continue your healthy lifestyle changes. […] Some people with familial hypercholesterolemia may benefit from lipoprotein apheresis to lower their blood cholesterol levels.

• #21

  https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/high-cholesterol/treatment/

  Statins will only be prescribed to people who continue to be at high risk of heart disease. This is because they need to be taken for life. Cholesterol levels start to rise again once you stop taking them. […] In some cases, a low daily dose of aspirin may be prescribed. […] Ezetimibe medication blocks how cholesterol from food is absorbed into your blood. It’s generally not as effective as statins, but is less likely to cause side effects. […] You can take ezetimibe by itself if you’re unable to take a statin. This may be because you have another medical condition. It may also be because you take medication that interferes with how the statin works. Ezetimibe taken on its own rarely causes side effects.

• #22 Patient education: High cholesterol and lipid treatment options (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/high-cholesterol-and-lipid-treatment-options-beyond-the-basics/print

  There are many medications available to help lower elevated levels of LDL cholesterol. […] Statins are one of the best-studied classes of medications and the most commonly used drugs for lowering LDL cholesterol. […] Statins decrease the body’s production of cholesterol and increase removal of cholesterol by the liver, so they reduce LDL cholesterol levels by as much as 25 to 55 percent. […] Ezetimibe (brand name: Zetia) blocks the body’s ability to actively transport cholesterol from food as well as cholesterol that the body produces internally. […] Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) monoclonal antibody inhibitors are another class of drugs that lower LDL cholesterol levels. […] The bile acid sequestrants include colesevelam (brand name: Welchol), colestipol (brand name: Colestid), and cholestyramine.

• #23 Blood Cholesterol – Treatment | NHLBI, NIH

  https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/blood-cholesterol/treatment

  To treat unhealthy blood cholesterol levels, your healthcare provider may recommend heart- healthy lifestyle changes and prescribe medicines. […] Your healthcare provider may prescribe one of these medicines to help lower high blood cholesterol: […] Statins are the most common medicine used to treat high blood cholesterol. […] Ezetimibe or bempedoic acid may be used if statins cause side effects, or if statin treatment and lifestyle changes do not lower your bad LDL level enough. […] Bile acid sequestrants may be prescribed if you cannot take statins or if statins alone are not lowering your cholesterol enough. […] PCSK9 inhibitors are a type of medicine that you inject under your skin. […] If your provider prescribes medicines as part of your treatment plan, be sure to continue your healthy lifestyle changes. […] Some people with familial hypercholesterolemia may benefit from lipoprotein apheresis to lower their blood cholesterol levels.

• #24 6 Therapy Treatments for High LDL Cholesterol – Imperial Center Family Medicine

  https://icfamilymedicine.com/6-therapy-treatments-for-high-ldl-cholesterol/

  If adding the maximum tolerated statin dose fails to reduce your LDL adequately, the next medication option is ezetimibe (Zetia). Ezetimibe lowers cholesterol absorption in the intestines by blocking an essential protein involved. […] Two injectable PCSK9 inhibitor medications offer powerful LDL cholesterol reduction for those unable to reach targets with statin-ezetimibe combinations: Alirocumab (Praluent) and Evolocumab (Repatha). This class of drugs acts by increasing LDL receptors in the liver. More receptors speed the removal of LDL particles from the blood, leading to impressive LDL drops of 50% or greater. […] Pharmaceutical companies continue researching and developing innovative ways to lower LDL cholesterol. Three promising new non-statin oral medications recently gained FDA approval: Bempedoic Acid (Nexletol), Evinacumab (Evkeeza), and Inclirisan (Leqvio).

• #25 6 Therapy Treatments for High LDL Cholesterol – Imperial Center Family Medicine

  https://icfamilymedicine.com/6-therapy-treatments-for-high-ldl-cholesterol/

  If adding the maximum tolerated statin dose fails to reduce your LDL adequately, the next medication option is ezetimibe (Zetia). Ezetimibe lowers cholesterol absorption in the intestines by blocking an essential protein involved. […] Two injectable PCSK9 inhibitor medications offer powerful LDL cholesterol reduction for those unable to reach targets with statin-ezetimibe combinations: Alirocumab (Praluent) and Evolocumab (Repatha). This class of drugs acts by increasing LDL receptors in the liver. More receptors speed the removal of LDL particles from the blood, leading to impressive LDL drops of 50% or greater. […] Pharmaceutical companies continue researching and developing innovative ways to lower LDL cholesterol. Three promising new non-statin oral medications recently gained FDA approval: Bempedoic Acid (Nexletol), Evinacumab (Evkeeza), and Inclirisan (Leqvio).

• #26 Guidelines for the Management of High Blood Cholesterol – Endotext – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK305897/

  Meta-analysis has shown that for every mmol/L (39 mg/dL) reduction in LDL-C with statin therapy there is an approximate 22% reduction in ASCVD events. […] Ezetimibe blocks cholesterol absorption in the intestine and also raises hepatic LDL receptor activity. It moderately lowers LDL-C (15-25%). […] Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) promotes degradation of LDL receptors and raises LDL-C levels. Inhibition of PCSK9 increases the number of hepatic LDL receptors and markedly lowers LDL-C concentrations (50-60% decrease). […] Bempedoic acid is an adenosine triphosphate-citrate lyase (ACL) inhibitor and thereby inhibits cholesterol synthesis leading to an increase in LDL receptor activity. Bempedoic acid typically lowers LDL-C by 15-25%. […] In patients with severe primary hypercholesterolemia (LDL-C greater than 190mg/dL (4.9mMol/L)) without concomitant ASCVD begin high-intensity statin therapy (or moderate intensity statin + ezetimibe) to achieve an LDL-C goal of 100mg/dL; if this goal is not achieved consider adding a PCSK9 inhibitor in selected patients at higher risk.

• #27 Cholesterol Medications | American Heart Association

  https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/cholesterol/prevention-and-treatment-of-high-cholesterol-hyperlipidemia/cholesterol-medications

  It’s important to talk to your health care professional about your 10-year or lifetime risk. They will assess your risk factors to determine your level of risk and work with you to choose the best treatment. […] If statins don’t help you enough, or if you develop side effects, your health care professional may recommend different medications. […] If you have CVD and are already taking the highest-tolerated statin and your LDL-C is still 70 or above, one or more of the following medicines may be prescribed. They all can be taken in combination with a statin. […] ACLY inhibitors work in the liver to block the production of cholesterol. They are used in combination with lifestyle changes and statins to further decrease LDL cholesterol in adults with hereditary high cholesterol and people with heart disease who need to further lower their LDL.

• #28 6 Therapy Treatments for High LDL Cholesterol – Imperial Center Family Medicine

  https://icfamilymedicine.com/6-therapy-treatments-for-high-ldl-cholesterol/

  If adding the maximum tolerated statin dose fails to reduce your LDL adequately, the next medication option is ezetimibe (Zetia). Ezetimibe lowers cholesterol absorption in the intestines by blocking an essential protein involved. […] Two injectable PCSK9 inhibitor medications offer powerful LDL cholesterol reduction for those unable to reach targets with statin-ezetimibe combinations: Alirocumab (Praluent) and Evolocumab (Repatha). This class of drugs acts by increasing LDL receptors in the liver. More receptors speed the removal of LDL particles from the blood, leading to impressive LDL drops of 50% or greater. […] Pharmaceutical companies continue researching and developing innovative ways to lower LDL cholesterol. Three promising new non-statin oral medications recently gained FDA approval: Bempedoic Acid (Nexletol), Evinacumab (Evkeeza), and Inclirisan (Leqvio).

• #29 Patient education: High cholesterol and lipid treatment options (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/high-cholesterol-and-lipid-treatment-options-beyond-the-basics/print

  Bempedoic acid (brand name: Nexletol) is the newest lipid-lowering agent, and it is approved for lowering LDL cholesterol. […] A specific high-dose preparation (4 grams per day of icosapent ethyl or 1800 mg per day of highly purified EPA) has been found to reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke, need for stent of bypass surgery, and cardiac death when used with a statin in people who have mild hypertriglyceridemia. […] The treatment of high cholesterol and/or triglycerides is a lifelong process. […] Most people who stop treatment do so because of perceived side effects.

• #30 High cholesterol – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-cholesterol/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350806

  Bempedoic acid (Nexletol) works in much the same way as statins. Your healthcare professional may prescribe it if statins cause serious side effects for you. […] Bile acid sequestrants bind to bile acids. This prompts the liver to use extra cholesterol to make more bile acids. In turn, that lowers the level of cholesterol in the blood. […] These medicines can help the liver absorb more LDL cholesterol. This lowers the amount of cholesterol in the blood. […] If you also have high triglycerides, your healthcare professional may prescribe: […] Most often, making changes to diet and exercise is the first treatment for children age 2 and older who have high cholesterol. Children age 10 and older who have very high cholesterol levels might be prescribed cholesterol-lowering drugs such as statins.

• #31 Guidelines for the Management of High Blood Cholesterol – Endotext – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK305897/

  Meta-analysis has shown that for every mmol/L (39 mg/dL) reduction in LDL-C with statin therapy there is an approximate 22% reduction in ASCVD events. […] Ezetimibe blocks cholesterol absorption in the intestine and also raises hepatic LDL receptor activity. It moderately lowers LDL-C (15-25%). […] Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) promotes degradation of LDL receptors and raises LDL-C levels. Inhibition of PCSK9 increases the number of hepatic LDL receptors and markedly lowers LDL-C concentrations (50-60% decrease). […] Bempedoic acid is an adenosine triphosphate-citrate lyase (ACL) inhibitor and thereby inhibits cholesterol synthesis leading to an increase in LDL receptor activity. Bempedoic acid typically lowers LDL-C by 15-25%. […] In patients with severe primary hypercholesterolemia (LDL-C greater than 190mg/dL (4.9mMol/L)) without concomitant ASCVD begin high-intensity statin therapy (or moderate intensity statin + ezetimibe) to achieve an LDL-C goal of 100mg/dL; if this goal is not achieved consider adding a PCSK9 inhibitor in selected patients at higher risk.

• #32 Guidelines for the Management of High Blood Cholesterol – Endotext – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK305897/

  Meta-analysis has shown that for every mmol/L (39 mg/dL) reduction in LDL-C with statin therapy there is an approximate 22% reduction in ASCVD events. […] Ezetimibe blocks cholesterol absorption in the intestine and also raises hepatic LDL receptor activity. It moderately lowers LDL-C (15-25%). […] Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) promotes degradation of LDL receptors and raises LDL-C levels. Inhibition of PCSK9 increases the number of hepatic LDL receptors and markedly lowers LDL-C concentrations (50-60% decrease). […] Bempedoic acid is an adenosine triphosphate-citrate lyase (ACL) inhibitor and thereby inhibits cholesterol synthesis leading to an increase in LDL receptor activity. Bempedoic acid typically lowers LDL-C by 15-25%. […] In patients with severe primary hypercholesterolemia (LDL-C greater than 190mg/dL (4.9mMol/L)) without concomitant ASCVD begin high-intensity statin therapy (or moderate intensity statin + ezetimibe) to achieve an LDL-C goal of 100mg/dL; if this goal is not achieved consider adding a PCSK9 inhibitor in selected patients at higher risk.

• #33 High cholesterol – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-cholesterol/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350806

  Bempedoic acid (Nexletol) works in much the same way as statins. Your healthcare professional may prescribe it if statins cause serious side effects for you. […] Bile acid sequestrants bind to bile acids. This prompts the liver to use extra cholesterol to make more bile acids. In turn, that lowers the level of cholesterol in the blood. […] These medicines can help the liver absorb more LDL cholesterol. This lowers the amount of cholesterol in the blood. […] If you also have high triglycerides, your healthcare professional may prescribe: […] Most often, making changes to diet and exercise is the first treatment for children age 2 and older who have high cholesterol. Children age 10 and older who have very high cholesterol levels might be prescribed cholesterol-lowering drugs such as statins.

• #34 High cholesterol – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-cholesterol/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350806

  Bempedoic acid (Nexletol) works in much the same way as statins. Your healthcare professional may prescribe it if statins cause serious side effects for you. […] Bile acid sequestrants bind to bile acids. This prompts the liver to use extra cholesterol to make more bile acids. In turn, that lowers the level of cholesterol in the blood. […] These medicines can help the liver absorb more LDL cholesterol. This lowers the amount of cholesterol in the blood. […] If you also have high triglycerides, your healthcare professional may prescribe: […] Most often, making changes to diet and exercise is the first treatment for children age 2 and older who have high cholesterol. Children age 10 and older who have very high cholesterol levels might be prescribed cholesterol-lowering drugs such as statins.

• #35 Management of Dyslipidemia in Adults | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/1998/0501/p2192.html

  Lovastatin (Mevacor), pravastatin (Pravachol), simvastatin (Zocor), fluvastatin (Lescol), atorvastatin (Lipitor) and cerivastatin (Baycol) are HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, or statins, that inhibit cholesterol synthesis. […] Evidence suggests that these agents reduce untoward cardiovascular events and work by mechanisms beyond the simple reduction in the LDL cholesterol level. […] Statins should generally be taken in a single dose with the evening meal or at bedtime to maximize the LDL lowering effect. […] The anion exchange resins cholestyramine (Questran) and colestipol (Colestid) bind cholesterol-containing bile acids in the intestines, producing an insoluble complex that prevents reabsorption. […] Nicotinic acid, or niacin, decreases the synthesis of LDL cholesterol by reducing the hepatic synthesis of VLDL cholesterol, by increasing the synthesis of HDL cholesterol, by inhibiting lipolysis in adipose tissue and by increasing lipase activity.

• #36 Management of High Cholesterol » The Texas Heart Institute

  https://www.texasheartmedical.org/our-specialties/management-of-high-cholesterol/

  Bile Acid Sequestrants or Resins. Your body uses cholesterol to make bile, an acid used in the digestive process. These medicines bind to bile, so they cannot be used during digestion. Your liver responds by making more bile. The more bile your liver makes, the more cholesterol it uses. So less cholesterol is left to circulate through your bloodstream. […] Nicotinic Acid, or niacin, is a form of vitamin B. It appears to slow the liver’s production of certain chemicals that help to make LDL (“bad”) cholesterol. Nicotinic acid has also been found to lower triglycerides and raise HDL (“good cholesterol”) levels. […] Fibric Acid Derivatives or fibrates, are used to lower triglyceride levels. Fibrates break down the particles that make triglycerides and use them in other ways in your body. Lower triglycerides can lead to increased HDL (“good”) cholesterol levels.

• #37 Blood Cholesterol – Treatment | NHLBI, NIH

  https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/blood-cholesterol/treatment

  To treat unhealthy blood cholesterol levels, your healthcare provider may recommend heart- healthy lifestyle changes and prescribe medicines. […] Your healthcare provider may prescribe one of these medicines to help lower high blood cholesterol: […] Statins are the most common medicine used to treat high blood cholesterol. […] Ezetimibe or bempedoic acid may be used if statins cause side effects, or if statin treatment and lifestyle changes do not lower your bad LDL level enough. […] Bile acid sequestrants may be prescribed if you cannot take statins or if statins alone are not lowering your cholesterol enough. […] PCSK9 inhibitors are a type of medicine that you inject under your skin. […] If your provider prescribes medicines as part of your treatment plan, be sure to continue your healthy lifestyle changes. […] Some people with familial hypercholesterolemia may benefit from lipoprotein apheresis to lower their blood cholesterol levels.

• #38 Patient education: High cholesterol and lipid treatment options (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/high-cholesterol-and-lipid-treatment-options-beyond-the-basics/print

  Bempedoic acid (brand name: Nexletol) is the newest lipid-lowering agent, and it is approved for lowering LDL cholesterol. […] A specific high-dose preparation (4 grams per day of icosapent ethyl or 1800 mg per day of highly purified EPA) has been found to reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke, need for stent of bypass surgery, and cardiac death when used with a statin in people who have mild hypertriglyceridemia. […] The treatment of high cholesterol and/or triglycerides is a lifelong process. […] Most people who stop treatment do so because of perceived side effects.

• #39 High Cholesterol: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/cholesterol/

  If you have high cholesterol, you may need to make some lifestyle changes. If you smoke, quit. Exercise regularly. If you’re overweight, losing just five to 10 pounds can improve your cholesterol levels and your risk for heart disease. Make sure to eat plenty of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fish. […] Depending on your risk factors, your doctor may prescribe medicine and lifestyle changes. […] Reducing your LDL “bad cholesterol” through good diet, exercise, and medicine can make a positive impact on your overall health.

• #40 High cholesterol – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-cholesterol/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350806

  Treatment choices to reach ideal cholesterol and triglyceride levels should be tailored to meet your needs. Talk with your healthcare professional about what levels are best for you. […] Treatment for high cholesterol can include medicine. Together with healthy lifestyle changes, medicine can lower the risk of heart attacks and strokes. […] You may benefit from one or more medicines. It depends on things such as your risk factors, age, health and possible medicine side effects. Your healthcare professional helps choose the right treatments for you. […] Common cholesterol medicines include: […] Statins block a substance that the liver needs to make cholesterol. This causes the liver to make less cholesterol and to remove cholesterol from the blood. […] The medicine ezetimibe (Zetia) helps lower the amount of cholesterol absorbed from food. Your healthcare professional may prescribe ezetimibe with a statin.

• #41 Beyond Statins

  http://www.cardiosmart.org/topics/high-cholesterol/treatment/beyond-statins-other-ldl-lowering-treatments

  Statins dont work for everyone. In some cases, a statin by itself wont lower your low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and in turn your atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk enough. […] When this happens, other medications called non-statin therapies offer more treatment options. Often, a non-statin will be added to a statin. […] Non-statin therapies may be recommended if: Your blood cholesterol remains high or you dont see the drop in LDL cholesterol expected, despite being on the right dose of a statin (called maximally tolerated statin therapy). Your health care team wants to lower your ASCVD risk morehelping to prevent a stroke or heart attack. You cant take a statin for some reason, either due to side effects or a certain drug-drug interaction. You have familial hypercholesterolemia, or FH, a disorder passed down in families that results in very high levels of LDL cholesterol and cardiovascular disease at early ages. […] By adding a non-statin therapy, the goal is often to lower LDL cholesterol even more, lowering your chance of a future heart problem or stroke. […] Studies suggest ezetimibe and PCSK9 inhibitors can lower cholesterol and, in turn, cardiovascular disease risk. Often, a non-statin is taken with a statin for additive effect, meaning both medications work together to give you the maximum benefit.

• #42 Treat and Manage Familial Hypercholesterolemia | Heart Disease, Family Health History, and Familial Hypercholesterolemia | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/heart-disease-family-history/treatment/index.html

  If you have familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), you will need to take cholesterol-lowering medicines such as statins to control your cholesterol levels. […] You will need to take cholesterol-lowering medicine to control your cholesterol levels. In most cases, you will need to take more than one type of cholesterol-lowering medicine to lower your LDL cholesterol to a healthy level. […] The most commonly prescribed medicines are statins. For children diagnosed with FH, statin therapy in childhood may be required, often starting by age 8-10. […] Other treatments for FH include cholesterol absorption inhibitor (ezetimibe), bile acid sequestrant, PCSK9 inhibitors, lipoprotein apheresis, and Bempedoic Acid (Nexletol). […] If you have homozygous FH, you might need additional treatments to lower your LDL cholesterol, including Lomitapide (marked as Juxtapid in the United States), liver transplant, and Evinacumab. […] These options all have risks and benefits and should be discussed with your healthcare provider or lipid specialist to find out which ones are best for you.

• #43 Cholesterol | MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/cholesterol.html

  You can lower your cholesterol through heart-healthy lifestyle changes. They include a heart-healthy eating plan, weight management, and regular physical activity. […] If the lifestyle changes alone do not lower your cholesterol enough, you may also need to take medicines. There are several types of cholesterol-lowering medicines available, including statins. […] Some people with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) may receive a treatment called lipoprotein apheresis. This treatment uses a filtering machine to remove LDL cholesterol from the blood. Then the machine returns the rest of the blood back to the person.

• #44 LDL Apheresis | University of Michigan Health

  https://www.uofmhealth.org/conditions-treatments/ldl-apheresis

  Traditional treatments for high cholesterol are a low fat diet and medications such as the statin family alone or in combination with other drugs (Lipitor, Zocor, Pravachol, Lescol, lovastatin, Welchol, Zetia, Advicor, and niacin). However, for some persons even combination therapies may not be enough, especially for those with a family history of high cholesterol or early heart disease. […] There is now an FDA approved treatment option for these patients known as LDL apheresis. LDL apheresis removes unwanted LDL cholesterol from the blood. […] Individuals are referred to the Lipid Management Program for evaluation of the treatment option. Eligible patients who choose LDL apheresis are followed by our lipid specialists to assure safety, requirements for medications, and desired treatment targets.

• #45 Patient education: High cholesterol and lipid treatment options (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/high-cholesterol-and-lipid-treatment-options-beyond-the-basics/print

  Patient education: High cholesterol and lipid treatment options (Beyond the Basics) […] A high cholesterol level (also called „hypercholesterolemia”) can significantly increase your risk of developing chest pain, heart attack, and stroke. Fortunately, a number of effective treatment options are available. […] Cholesterol levels (notably LDL cholesterol and triglycerides) can almost always be lowered with a combination of weight loss (achieved with diet and exercise), and medications. […] The decision to start cholesterol-lowering treatment is made on a case-by-case basis. […] Studies have shown that in people with coronary heart disease, taking medication to significantly lower the level of „bad” cholesterol, called low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, is beneficial. […] Many health care providers recommend treating anyone with CVD (including people who have coronary heart disease or have had a stroke) with high-dose statin therapy.

• #46 Cholesterol Medications | American Heart Association

  https://www.heart.org/en/health-topics/cholesterol/prevention-and-treatment-of-high-cholesterol-hyperlipidemia/cholesterol-medications

  It’s important to talk to your health care professional about your 10-year or lifetime risk. They will assess your risk factors to determine your level of risk and work with you to choose the best treatment. […] If statins don’t help you enough, or if you develop side effects, your health care professional may recommend different medications. […] If you have CVD and are already taking the highest-tolerated statin and your LDL-C is still 70 or above, one or more of the following medicines may be prescribed. They all can be taken in combination with a statin. […] ACLY inhibitors work in the liver to block the production of cholesterol. They are used in combination with lifestyle changes and statins to further decrease LDL cholesterol in adults with hereditary high cholesterol and people with heart disease who need to further lower their LDL.

• #47 High Cholesterol Treatments | Mass General Brigham

  https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/about/newsroom/articles/treatments-for-high-cholesterol

  High cholesterol (hyperlipidemia) affects 2 out of 5 Americans, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and it puts all those people at higher risk of potentially fatal heart attack and stroke. […] The good news is that safe and effective high cholesterol treatments can cut your risk for heart attack and stroke by 30%, says Mass General Brigham cardiologist Paul Ridker, MD, MPH. […] Guidelines from the American Heart Association (AHA) and the American College of Cardiology (ACC) suggest that we get LDL down to less than 100 mg/dL for people who have never had a heart attack or stroke. It should be less than 70 mg/dL in people who have already experienced heart attack or stroke, Dr. Ridker says. […] We’re in an era now where almost everybody can get cholesterol down with one of these various types of drugs. It’s a very wonderful time in terms of treatment.

• #48 Guidelines for the Management of High Blood Cholesterol – Endotext – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK305897/

  Meta-analysis has shown that for every mmol/L (39 mg/dL) reduction in LDL-C with statin therapy there is an approximate 22% reduction in ASCVD events. […] Ezetimibe blocks cholesterol absorption in the intestine and also raises hepatic LDL receptor activity. It moderately lowers LDL-C (15-25%). […] Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) promotes degradation of LDL receptors and raises LDL-C levels. Inhibition of PCSK9 increases the number of hepatic LDL receptors and markedly lowers LDL-C concentrations (50-60% decrease). […] Bempedoic acid is an adenosine triphosphate-citrate lyase (ACL) inhibitor and thereby inhibits cholesterol synthesis leading to an increase in LDL receptor activity. Bempedoic acid typically lowers LDL-C by 15-25%. […] In patients with severe primary hypercholesterolemia (LDL-C greater than 190mg/dL (4.9mMol/L)) without concomitant ASCVD begin high-intensity statin therapy (or moderate intensity statin + ezetimibe) to achieve an LDL-C goal of 100mg/dL; if this goal is not achieved consider adding a PCSK9 inhibitor in selected patients at higher risk.

• #49 Treat and Manage High Cholesterol | Cholesterol | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/cholesterol/treatment/index.html

  High cholesterol often is treated and managed by a combination of adjusting certain lifestyle factors and taking cholesterol-lowering medicines prescribed by a doctor. […] If you take medicine to treat high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, heart disease, stroke, or diabetes: […] You can take steps to lower your LDL cholesterol levels by making healthy changes to your lifestyle, such as choosing foods lower in saturated and trans fats and maintaining a healthy weight. […] You and your health care team can work together to prevent or treat other health conditions and ensure that they don’t lead to high LDL cholesterol. […] You may need to have your cholesterol levels tested at least once every 4 to 6 years if you do not have heart disease.

• #50 10 FAQs About Treatment for High Cholesterol, Answered

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/high-cholesterol/high-cholesterol-treatment-faqs/

  If statins are insufficient or not well tolerated, other cholesterol-lowering drugs may be prescribed. […] Your doctor will help you determine which medication, or combination of medications, is right for you. […] Once youve started a new treatment plan to manage your cholesterol, your doctor should check your levels in 4 to 12 weeks. […] The percentage reduction in LDL cholesterol will give your doctor a snapshot of how your new treatment is working. […] Once your doctor prescribes a statin, youll likely be on the drug for the rest of your life. […] If you have or develop other health conditions, such as liver disease, that make statin use risky, your doctor may prescribe an alternative, such as injectable PCSK9 inhibitors. […] The short answer is yes. Youll still need to exercise regularly and eat a heart-healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein and low in saturated and trans fats, even while taking medication to lower LDL.

• #51 Hypercholesterolemia: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23921-hypercholesterolemia

  Hypercholesterolemia treatment involves bringing down your LDL level to prevent heart disease. […] You can do this in several ways: Exercising more, Staying at a healthy weight, Eating foods low in saturated fat, Lowering your stress level, Taking cholesterol-lowering medications, Avoiding tobacco products, Controlling high blood pressure and blood sugar, Having lipoprotein apheresis (using a device to take lipoproteins out of your blood and then putting your blood back into your body). This is only for people with severe hypercholesterolemia. […] Hypercholesterolemia medications include: Statins, PCSK9 inhibitors, Ezetimibe, Bile acid sequestrants, Niacin, Bempedoic acid. […] Providers prescribe other medicines for people with familial hypercholesterolemia. […] Every medicine has side effects, but the benefits of cholesterol-lowering drugs make them worth taking. […] Once you’ve taken medicine for 8 to 12 weeks, your provider will do another lipid panel test to see if your results improve. If your numbers don’t improve, they may increase your dose, switch you to a different cholesterol-lowering medicine or prescribe a second medicine for you.

• #52 Patient education: High cholesterol and lipid treatment options (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/high-cholesterol-and-lipid-treatment-options-beyond-the-basics/print

  Bempedoic acid (brand name: Nexletol) is the newest lipid-lowering agent, and it is approved for lowering LDL cholesterol. […] A specific high-dose preparation (4 grams per day of icosapent ethyl or 1800 mg per day of highly purified EPA) has been found to reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke, need for stent of bypass surgery, and cardiac death when used with a statin in people who have mild hypertriglyceridemia. […] The treatment of high cholesterol and/or triglycerides is a lifelong process. […] Most people who stop treatment do so because of perceived side effects.

• #53 High Cholesterol Treatments | Mass General Brigham

  https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/about/newsroom/articles/treatments-for-high-cholesterol

  If you do know your LDL is high, you should take steps to manage it, whether or not you have heart disease. This is largely a preventable disease if we can get people to adopt good lifestyle habits and, when appropriate, use medication, Dr. Ridker says. […] When lifestyle changes aren’t enough to manage cholesterol, medication can help. As with any intervention, you need to discuss your personal risks and benefits with your doctor. But for the vast majority of patients, this is the recommended way to go, says Dr. Ridker. […] Statin therapy is by far our first line drug intervention to lower cholesterol. The vast majority of patients can tolerate these drugs very well, says Dr. Ridker. […] We’re in an era now where almost everybody can get cholesterol down with one of these various types of drugs. It’s a very wonderful time in terms of treatment, Dr. Ridker says.

• #54 Should You Take a Statin for Your High Cholesterol? > News > Yale Medicine

  https://www.yalemedicine.org/news/should-you-take-a-statin-for-high-cholesterol

  If your doctor does recommend a statin, it’s important to understand why, says Yale Medicine cardiologist Erica Spatz, MD, MHS. […] Patients often don’t know why they are taking a statin and end up discontinuing what is supposed to be a lifelong therapy, she adds. […] Statins (medically known as HMG CoA reductase inhibitors) work in the liver, inhibiting an enzyme (a substance that acts as a catalyst in organs) important in cholesterol synthesis. As a result, the liver makes less cholesterol and pulls in the cholesterol found in the bloodstream, Dr. Cambi explains. […] Statins can lower cholesterol by as much as 30% to 50%, according to some sources. This is a better result than any other drug that has been used for reducing cholesterol. […] In fact, statins are among the most studied cardiovascular medications, says Dr. Cambi. There have been studies looking at people who just have high cholesterol, those with multiple risk factors for heart disease, and those who have already had a heart attack or stroke. All of this work has shown the benefits from statins to be durable and reproducible.

• #55 High Cholesterol: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment – Heart Foundation NZ

  https://www.heartfoundation.org.nz/wellbeing/managing-risk/managing-high-cholesterol

  If you have high cholesterol, your doctor may recommend lifestyle changes, medications or both. […] Your doctor will use your blood test results and other heart attack risk factors to decide whether you need medication to lower your cholesterol or triglyceride levels. […] Your doctor may recommend that you take medication to lower your cholesterol. Taking this medication as directed helps reduce your chance of having a heart attack or stroke. […] The benefits of taking a statin usually outweigh any side effects. If you experience unpleasant side effects, talk to your doctor about them. Sometimes they can change the type of statin that you’re on or adjust your dose. Never stop taking your cholesterol medication without talking to your doctor first. […] If you’ve been prescribed cholesterol-lowering medication, make sure you take it as directed by your doctor. This is one of the most effective ways to lower cholesterol levels.

• #56 Cholesterol medications: Consider the options

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/high-blood-cholesterol/in-depth/cholesterol-medications/art-20050958

  If diet and exercise don’t do enough, you may also need to take medications to help lower your cholesterol. […] You might also need to take cholesterol medications to help: Decrease your low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, the „bad” cholesterol that increases the risk of heart disease […] Your doctor might suggest a single drug or a combination of cholesterol medications. […] Most cholesterol medications lower cholesterol with few side effects, but effectiveness varies from person to person. […] Cholesterol medications and lifestyle choices can work together to help reduce your risk of heart attacks and stroke.

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