Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Preventing Concussion | HEADS UP | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/heads-up/prevention/index.html

  There are many ways to lower the chance that your child will get a concussion or other serious brain injury. […] Use these safety tips to protect your child from the leading causes of concussion. […] Supervision is essential around potential fall hazards, whether at home, school, or during play. […] Booster seat use reduces the risk for serious injury, including head injuries, by 45% for children ages 4-8, when compared with seat belt use alone. […] Wearing a helmet is a must to help reduce the risk of a serious brain injury or skull fracture while bicycling, skateboarding, skiing or snowboarding, riding on a scooter, and playing sports like tackle football. […] Be cautious of helmet-related products that may overstate injury-prevention benefits, such as products claiming they can prevent all concussions.

• #1 Concussion Prevention | Ontario Physical Activity Safety Standards in Education

  https://safety.ophea.net/tools-resources/concussion-prevention

  Any time a student is involved in physical activity, there is a chance of sustaining a concussion. Therefore, it is important to encourage a culture of safety mindedness and take a preventative approach when students are physically active. […] Concussion prevention is important, there is evidence that education about concussion leads to a reduction in the incidence of concussion and improved outcomes from concussion. […] The concussion prevention approach includes primary, secondary, and tertiary strategies: […] Primary and secondary strategies are the focus of the concussion injury prevention information which can be found in Sample Concussion Prevention Strategies. […] Concussion prevention is also supported by Concussion Awareness Resources and Concussion Codes of Conduct.

• #1 Concussion Prevention

  https://www.centerfoundation.org/concussion-prevention/

  Injury prevention is a large part of the work athletic trainers do with student athletes. Yet, concussion prevention is more nuanced than preventing ankle sprains or ACL injuries. When it comes to sports-related concussions, you cannot always prevent the accidental blow to the head, a trip and fall, or the surprise hit on the football field. This means that concussions can and will happen in sports. All injuries, concussions included, are part of the inherent risks of playing sports. With that said, there is still a lot that can be done to minimize the frequency of concussions, as well as reduce the long-term negative outcomes. Namely, education, awareness, and ensuring that medical coverage exists whenever sports are being played are the best tools for concussion prevention. […] Education and awareness are possibly the most important factors in concussion prevention. Coaches, parents, players, officials, school administrators, and teachers can all benefit from concussion education. In fact, everyone should be aware of the signs and symptoms of a concussion. This awareness ensures that injured players are removed from play immediately for evaluation by a healthcare professional.

• #1 Concussion: Prevention, assessment, and management

  https://www.myamericannurse.com/concussion-prevention-management/

  Since 2009, most states have passed legislation on concussion in youth and high school sports, focusing on education, removal from play, and RTP. […] The CDC Heads Up initiative and other programs offer comprehensive concussion education to students, parents, coaches, school personnel, and sports officials. […] Mandatory educational programs, through local or state agencies, are available for coaches, trainers, and healthcare providers. […] Athletes and coaches also require concussion education. […] Both physical and cognitive activity can worsen concussion symptoms and even delay recovery, so rest is the cornerstone of management. […] Current recommendations regarding RTP are based on consensus statements. […] However, the first 10 days after the initial injury pose the greatest risk for sustaining a second concussion.

• #1 Concussion and Traumatic Brain Injury Prevention Program

  https://portal.ct.gov/dph/health-education-management–surveillance/the-office-of-injury-prevention/concussion-and-traumatic-brain-injury-prevention-program

  Increasingly, Connecticut residents are taking part in sports and recreational activities. Unfortunately, some of these activities can lead to serious head injuries unless precautions are taken. […] State Health Officials encourage safe participation in sports and recreational activities as an important part of a healthy, physically active lifestyle at any age. The CT DPH recommends taking the following steps when taking part in sports and recreational activities to help keep you safe and prevent injury: […] Use appropriate protective gear, such as helmets, wrist guards, and knee and elbow pads for all sports activities; […] Reducing exposure to head impacts, and increasing coach training, and rule changes are important in reducing concussion risk. […] Most people with a concussion recover well from symptoms experienced at the time of the injury. But for some people, symptoms can last for days, weeks, or longer. […] The Connecticut State Department of Education Health (CSDE) Services Concussion Reports indicate an overall decline (about 67% lower) in student concussions from the 2015-2016 school year to the 2022-2023 school year. […] Concussion Education Plan and Guidelines for Connecticut Schools.

• #1 Prevention strategies and modifiable risk factors for sport-related concussions and head impacts: a systematic review and meta-analysis – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37316182/

  Objectives: To evaluate prevention strategies, their unintended consequences and modifiable risk factors for sport-related concussion (SRC) and/or head impact risk. […] Results: In total, 220 studies were eligible for inclusion and 192 studies were included in the results based on methodological criteria as assessed through the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network high (’++’) or acceptable (’+’) quality. Evidence was available examining protective gear (eg, helmets, headgear, mouthguards) (n=39), policy and rule changes (n=38), training strategies (n=34), SRC management strategies (n=12), unintended consequences (n=5) and modifiable risk factors (n=64). Meta-analyses demonstrated a protective effect of mouthguards in collision sports (incidence rate ratio, IRR 0.74; 95% CI 0.64 to 0.89). Policy disallowing bodychecking in child and adolescent ice hockey was associated with a 58% lower concussion rate compared with bodychecking leagues (IRR 0.42; 95% CI 0.33 to 0.53), and evidence supports no unintended injury consequences of policy disallowing bodychecking. In American football, strategies limiting contact in practices were associated with a 64% lower practice-related concussion rate (IRR 0.36; 95% CI 0.16 to 0.80). Some evidence also supports up to 60% lower concussion rates with implementation of a neuromuscular training warm-up programme in rugby. More research examining potentially modifiable risk factors (eg, neck strength, optimal tackle technique) are needed to inform concussion prevention strategies. […] Conclusions: Policy and rule modifications, personal protective equipment, and neuromuscular training strategies may help to prevent SRC.

• #1 Concussion Prevention Tips for Families | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/concussion-program/concussion-prevention-tips-families

  There are many practical concussion prevention strategies and concussion safety tips that can help reduce the risk for concussions in children. […] Car crashes are a major cause of concussion and other types of brain injuries for children. […] Research shows childhood concussion is most common between the ages of 11 and 15 years, and that half of childhood concussions are sports-related. […] A note about helmets: While current helmet designs are effective for preventing skull fracture and more serious brain injuries, they have not necessarily been shown to be effective at preventing concussions in youth sports. […] When concussions do occur, athletes should be removed from play and not return to sports until cleared by a medical professional familiar with concussion management. […] Children, especially adolescents and young teenagers, require longer recovery times and a more conservative treatment approach than adults.

• #1 Preventing Concussion | HEADS UP | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/heads-up/prevention/index.html

  Bicycle helmet laws reduce serious head injuries, including traumatic brain injuries, by up to 55%. […] ATV helmet use reduces the risk of death from head injury by about 40%. […] Your actions can create a safe sport culture. That can lower an athlete’s chance of getting a concussion or other serious injury. […] Educate coaches, sports officials, parents, and athletes about concussion policies and about strategies to reduce head impacts and concussions.

• #1 The Sports Institute | Concussion Prevention: What Works, What Doesn’t

  https://thesportsinstitute.com/concussion-prevention-what-works-what-doesnt/

  Concussion Prevention: What Works, What Doesnt […] An in-depth review by an international panel of experts says its possible to prevent concussions in sports. But the number of effective strategies is slim. Changes to rules and policies show the most promise, while equipment and headgear currently offer little protection in most sports. […] The review panel assessed 24 studies on the protective effects of helmets, other headgear and mouthguards. […] Helmets can prevent skull fractures, bleeding in the brain and other head and face injuries. But their ability to prevent concussions is less clear, according to the authors. […] There is good evidence that children and adults wearing helmets when skiing/snowboarding have significantly fewer head injuries, but not fewer concussions. […] The effectiveness of padded headgear to prevent concussions remains unproven. […] Research on mouthguards has failed to show they protect against concussion. […] In some sports, changes in rules or policies have significantly reduced concussion risk. […] Banning body checking reduces the risk of concussion by about two-thirds in players 11-12 years old, according to the panels analysis. […] The expert panel says educational programs have generally failed to make an impact on concussion risk, though they may improve recognition and management of concussions after they happen. […] Guskiewicz and others believe advances in concussion prevention may come from changing athlete behaviors that are linked to concussion.

• #1

  https://www.wregional.com/main/brain-and-spine-surgery-clinic-articles/concussion-prevention-1

  Concussions in professional athletes have received a lot of media attention in recent years. But concussion a brain injury caused by a direct blow to the head or violent shaking of the head, neck or torso can happen to anyone, anywhere. […] For contact sports and sporting activities ranging from roller skating to snow skiing to horseback riding, helmets can help prevent or reduce the severity of concussions. Proper fit is important, Peterson says. Helmets need to be snug, not tight, and certainly not loose. Chin straps need to be tight. In addition, mouthguards should also be worn in football and other contact sports. […] Helmets are also recommended when riding a bicycle or motorcycle. When in a vehicle, its essential to buckle up. Seat belts are very important in preventing concussions, he says. […] If we injure a knee, it needs rest, he explains. Likewise, our injured brain needs rest not just from physical activity, but from mental activity as well.

• #1 Protection and Prevention Strategies – Sports-Related Concussions in Youth – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK185338/

  The marketing of some protective devices designed for youth athletes, such as mouthguards and soccer head gear, has included statements that these devices reduce concussion risk without sufficient scientific foundation to support such claims. […] While additional research across a variety of sports is needed, some studies involving youth ice hockey and soccer players have shown that the enforcement of rules and fair play policies contributes to reductions in the incidence of sports-related injuries, including concussions. […] Most state concussion laws include requirements for concussion education, criteria for removal from play, and standards for health care providers who make return-to-play decisions.

• #1 Protection and Prevention Strategies – Sports-Related Concussions in Youth – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK185338/

  This chapter addresses the portion of the committee’s statement of task concerning the effectiveness of protection devices and equipment and sports regulations for the prevention of concussions. […] Although it may be impossible to prevent all sports-related concussions in youth, measures can be taken to reduce the risk of these injuries. […] Helmet design involves a series of trade-offs between optimal safety and parameters such as the thickness and other characteristics of the attenuation material, the size and mass of the helmet, comfort, and acceptability. […] Based on the preceding discussion of the mechanics of concussion, devices that reduce both linear acceleration and rotational acceleration or velocity of the head have the potential to reduce the risk of concussion. […] There is currently no evidence that mouthguards or facial protection, such as face masks worn in ice hockey, reduce concussion risk.

• #1 Are mouth guards important for concussion prevention?: SportsSafe: Pediatric Concussion Clinics

  https://www.sportssafect.com/blog/are-mouth-guards-important-for-concussion-prevention

  Mouth guards are worn in many contact sports with the main goal of protecting the mouth, teeth, and jaw, and literature has shown them to be very effective. […] There is a theory that mouthguards can help prevent a traumatic brain injury (concussion). It is thought that mouth guards may reduce the severity of the concussion by absorbing some of the forces from an impact to the face. […] Though this theory makes sense, in studies thus far, mouthguards have not been shown to reduce the incidence of concussion. […] Though they may not prevent a concussion, it makes sense that they could theoretically decrease a hard impact to the jaw from radiating to the skull and lessen the blow. […] Since mouthguards arent one of the proven answers to concussion prevention, we need to consider additional ways to keep our childrens brains safe.

• #1 Prevention of concussions – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prevention_of_concussions

  Prevention of undiagnosed and repeat injury is of importance in sports-related concussions. […] The Return To Play (RTP) protocol aims to decrease repeat concussions within a short time frame to minimize second impact syndrome. […] Best practices of RTP involve graduated activity intensification with each step taking at least 24 hours to assure full rehabilitation within one week (includes asymptomatic at rest and during exercise). […] However, they have not been shown to decrease risk of injury. […] The National Football League (NFL) implemented the sideline concussion assessment protocol in 2011 which oversees the treatment of any possible concussions and ensures that the medical staff on each sideline are following proper league protocol and testing for any head trauma. […] In 2011 the NFL enforced a kickoff rule change which moved football kickoffs five yards forward, resulting in reduced concussion incidence by 50%. […] Rules aimed at promoting fair play, while minimizing outwardly aggressive behavior, should be encouraged in all sports.

• #1 Preventing Concussion in Athletes and Young Children | Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta

  https://www.choa.org/parent-resources/concussion/concussion-prevention-in-kids-and-teens

  Concussion is one of the most common injuries among young athletes. Yet there are steps parents, coaches and athletes can take to help prevent this traumatic brain injury. […] While theres no way to prevent sports concussions entirely, parents, coaches and players can take steps to limit head injuries on the playing field and help ensure a concussion is addressed quickly and appropriately if it does occur. […] In fact, all 50 states now have laws in place to improve prevention and treatment of traumatic brain injuries, like concussion, among athletes. […] If a player suffers a head injury, coaches and referees should remove the player from the game immediately for proper evaluation; players should not return to the field until they are cleared by a healthcare professional. […] U.S. Soccer has recently implemented new concussion guidelines for kids and teens as a way to keep young soccer players safe.

• #1 Concussion Prevention Strategies

  https://www.activeplus.co.nz/blog/concussion/concussion-prevention-strategies.html

  A study revealed a significant reduction of over 50% in the risk of concussions in rugby players after implementing neuromuscular training warm-up strategies at least three times per week throughout a season. […] Vision therapy, also known as Oculomotor Therapy, is considered a promising approach in concussion prevention. […] While protective equipment like helmets, headgear, and mouthguards may reduce the risk of concussion, the evidence is inconclusive. […] Prevention strategies for concussions are rooted in an understanding of injury mechanisms, with a majority of concussions occurring due to body contact with other players or during tackling.

• #1 Tips on Concussion Prevention – OrthoNC

  https://orthonc.com/your-health/tips-on-concussion-prevention

  Instruct the athlete in proper tackling techniques in football. Teaching them to not lead with the head and to hit with the shoulder instead of the helmet can reduce the incident of concussion. […] Strengthen the neck muscles. Studies have shown that individuals with stronger neck musculature have a lower rate of concussion. A stronger neck can absorb some of the shock of the blow to the head and decrease the force delivered to the brain. […] Mouth guard use and its role in preventing concussion is inconclusive at this time. […] The use of headgear in soccer is beginning to gain more attention. At this time there is not enough evidence to confirm that headgear use in soccer reduces the incidence rate of concussion. […] Several helmet designs for football and hockey have been developed with the intention of reducing concussion rates. Preliminary research has been positive, however, other studies show that they fail to actually reduce the concussion rate in wearers.

• #1 Concussion Prevention Exercises | Conemaugh Neuroscience

  https://www.conemaugh.org/neuroscience/concussion-prevention-exercises

  Conemaugh Health Systems Strong Minded Concussion Strength Training Program for Concussion Prevention is designed to help enhance the student-athletes ability to react and respond when in a compromised position in which a concussion may occur in sports. […] The following exercise instruction videos were developed by Conemaugh Health System in an effort to reduce the number of concussions in youth athletes. […] By increasing cervical spine and thoracic spine mobility, the athlete is able to dissipate energy through the spine, thus protecting the cervical spine and head upon impact, sudden movement with change in direction, and falls. […] Agility drills should be done specific to enhance desired sports movement. […] Stability and balance are the bodys ability to be firmly fixed or not likely to move or change. […] Strength is the bodys ability to do tasks that demand physical effort or the degree to which a task is done strong or powerful.

• #1 Concussion Prevention Programs Shipley School

  https://www.shipleyschool.org/athletics/concussion-prevention-programs

  In the effort to reduce the number of concussions and minimize the cumulative effects of forces to the head, Shipley has chosen to take a decisive stand on the use of headers in soccer. […] all Middle School athletes who play soccer will be prohibited from using their heads in competitive play. […] Players will also receive specific physical training and targeted strengthening to increase the protective factors for when heading becomes a necessity. […] While certain leagues and associations have limited heading for younger players, research on traumatic brain injury clearly indicates that players under the age of 14 should completely avoid intense hits to the head (those that lead to an acute concussion) as well as cumulative smaller hits to the head. […] Additionally, some leagues encourage or require protective headgear for younger players; however, data on this type of equipment indicates that players can develop a false sense of security when taking hits to the head, leading them to become more aggressive with other players and with headed balls.

• #1 Youth handball concussion prevention strategies: a workshop-based study with experts and end users | BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine

  https://bmjopensem.bmj.com/content/10/1/e001877

  One of the main findings of this research was that all handball players, coaches and referees should be informed that there should be zero tolerance for shots to the head in practice and matches. […] Stricter red card regulations are needed when an undisturbed attacking player shoots a goalkeeper in the head with high force. […] We suggest the following strategies as important preventive actions. For goalkeepers, two specific strategies apply: (1) increased focus on the ball allows better possibility for positioning and reaction, and (2) holding the hands close to the head increases the likelihood that the attacking player will shoot outside the head and hands. […] Practising shooting accuracy for attackers could be part of regular training to a greater extent than today, which may reduce the risk of head-shooting goalkeepers. […] Even though neck and core strength training may benefit all players, independent of position, it was questioned whether stronger muscles could prevent SRC, given the high force that generates a concussion.

• #1 Preventing concussions through training, University of Cincinnati

  https://www.uc.edu/healthnews/concussion-prevention.html

  UC researchers team with sports medicine to improve athletes’ peripheral vision training to avoid hits, prevent concussion strikes. […] In 2010, the University of Cincinnati, wanting to address the prevention and management of concussions in its own athletes, called on medical researchers at UC to develop a Concussion Prevention Program. What resulted is a training program that helps athletes improve their peripheral vision and neurovisual performance to protect themselves from potentially violent collisions. […] Clark says with a background in sports medicine and his specialty training in neuroscience, he was able to use the tool to improve depth perception for players and improve their visual sensory performance, leading to an 80 percent drop in concussion rates at UC. […] UC athletics has seen an 80 percent drop in concussions since beginning vision training six years ago.

• #1 Head injury and concussion information for schools, school staff, coaches, athletic trainers, and volunteers | Mass.gov

  https://www.mass.gov/info-details/head-injury-and-concussion-information-for-schools-school-staff-coaches-athletic-trainers-and-volunteers

  A concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury (TBI) caused by a bump, blow, or jolt to the head or body that causes the head and brain to move quickly back and forth. In school aged children, many of these brain injuries can occur during a sports practice or event. […] By having concussion policies and procedures in place, schools can prevent further injury or even death from a concussion, and protect the health and safety of their students. […] Regulations require that schools must provide Annual Trainings for coaches, school nurses, school and team physicians, certified athletic trainers, athletic directors, marching band directors, student athletes and their parents. […] DPH can provide guidance and recommendations to schools on their concussion policies as well as educational materials and resources to support the health and safety of their students.

• #1 Concussion: Prevention, assessment, and management

  https://www.myamericannurse.com/concussion-prevention-management/

  Before initiating the RTP protocol, youth athletes must be symptom free without the use of sedatives or pain medications. […] No strong evidence supports specific timing for making decisions about ending sports involvement after multiple concussions. […] Nurses also can advocate for increased recognition and standardized treatment, making a significant impact on the health of young athletes.

• #1 Concussion Prevention – Prevent Childhood Injuries

  https://pasafekids.org/risk-injury-areas/concussion-prevention/

  If a child has a concussion, make sure to follow all medical advice until the child is fully healed (a process which could take a few weeks to months). […] Enforce the rules of the sport for fair play, safety, and sportsmanship and make these expectations clear. […] Talk about concussion reporting and the importance of reporting it. Make sure that athletes understand how serious concussions are, and the potential long-term impacts of untreated concussions as well as repeated concussions. […] If you think an athlete may have a concussion, you should: Remove the athlete from play. […] Keep that athlete out of play on the same day of the injury and until they are cleared by a health care provider. […] Before returning to play, an athlete should be back to doing their regular school activities, not have any symptoms from the injury when doing normal activities, and have the green-light from their health care provider to begin the return to play process. […] Concussions take time to heal. Do not let your child return to play until cleared by a health professional. Returning to play before healing can prolong symptoms and increase the risk of another concussion.

• #1 Concussion Prevention

  https://www.centerfoundation.org/concussion-prevention/

  Although it may not be possible to prevent concussions entirely, there are several ways to reduce the long-term consequences of concussions and the risk of Second Impact Syndrome. […] Teaching and practicing proper tackling and hitting techniques helps reduce frequency of concussions. Enforcing rules against spearing, targeting, or unnecessary roughness helps to prevent concussions and other serious head injuries. […] Having an appropriate medical plan in place is key to reducing the risk of more serious injury following the concussion, as well as preventing repeat concussions. A good medical plan, or concussion protocol, is one that follows the best practice recommendations for recognizing, evaluating, and treating concussions. Also, it helps to ensure that it is safe for a player to return to sports after a concussion. Ensuring medical coverage at all youth sporting events is an important part of a functional concussion protocol. […] Contrary to popular belief, helmets do not prevent concussions. However, a well-fitted helmet is an important element in preventing other serious injuries.

• #1 Concussion prevention tips for coaches | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/concussion-program/concussion-prevention-tips-coaches

  As long as there are sports, there will be concussions. We cannot eliminate concussions from sports, but we can reduce the risk as much as possible. […] Coaches are in a unique position to recognize concussions and to prevent repeat injury. […] Be able to recognize symptoms and know what to do when you suspect a concussion. […] Remove an athlete from play immediately if a concussion is suspected. This is the first and most critical step in the recovery process. […] Get coaches, parents and athletes on the same page about concussions. Education is the key to protecting our student athletes from longer-term consequences of concussions. […] Promote a culture where athletes can recognize concussion symptoms and feel comfortable reporting them to you. […] Delay full-contact play, such as deliberate hitting, until later in adolescence. High school-age athletes are better equipped cognitively to learn proper techniques to help protect themselves and others from unnecessary injury-causing impacts, such as tackling in football or checking in ice hockey.

• #1 Preventing TBI | Traumatic Brain Injury & Concussion | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/traumatic-brain-injury/prevention/index.html

  Helmets lower the chance for TBI during sports and recreation activities. […] Choose a sports program that enforces rules for safety and avoids drills and plays that increase the risk for head impacts. […] Wear a helmet, or appropriate headgear, when you or your children: […] Play a contact sport, such as football, ice hockey, or boxing. […] Prevent Older Adult Falls […] Talk to your doctor to evaluate your risk for falling, and talk with them about specific things you can do to reduce your risk for a fall. […] Make living and play areas safer for children.

• #1 Football Concussions: Prevention, Diagnosis & Recovery | Cognitive FX

  https://www.cognitivefxusa.com/blog/football-concussion-prevention-and-recovery

  Increased awareness of the dangers of brain injuries has led to a growing demand for ways to prevent football concussions. Nothing can completely prevent football concussions, but researchers and manufacturers are working to improve or transform existing equipment to reduce the number of concussions from football. […] To advance this effort, the NFL has pledged $60 million to their Engineering Roadmap initiative. The goal is to advance the study of the biomechanics of football and to create financial incentives for the development of better safety equipment. […] Most product research and development has focused on attempts to improve helmets and mouthguards, with some incorporating sensors that can monitor players for potential concussions. New products, such as protective collars, are also being used to try to protect football players during forceful impacts.

• #1 Wisconsin researchers weigh in on concussion prevention innovations in sports – WPR

  https://www.wpr.org/news/wisconsin-researchers-weigh-in-on-concussion-prevention-innovations-in-sports

  Researchers at UW-Madison are working on a new kind of protective foam that could revolutionize helmet technology. […] 2024 is the first year that NFL players are allowed to take extra precautions against concussions during games in the form of Guardian Caps: soft-shell covers that are worn over helmets to reduce the force of impact during collisions. […] And while the NFL claims their research indicates that the Guardian Caps have resulted in a 52 percent reduction in concussions, there’s not much independent research that indicates they’re actually effective at protecting players. […] One promising development in helmet technology is being pioneered in Wisconsin, at the Thevamaran Lab in the University of Wisconsin-Madison mechanical engineering department. […] The material also has advantages over the current material used in Guardian Caps.

• #2 Concussion: What It Is, Symptoms, Causes & Treatments

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15038-concussion

  Concussions are injuries that happen suddenly. Because you cant plan for them, you may not always be able to prevent one. These general safety tips may reduce your risk: […] Wear the right protective equipment for all activities and sports, especially helmets or protective headwear. […] How can you prevent concussions? […] Always wear your seatbelt. […] Make sure your home and workspace are free of clutter that could trip you or others. […] Always use the proper tools or equipment at home to reach things. Never stand on chairs, tables or countertops.

• #2 Concussion Prevention

  https://www.centerfoundation.org/concussion-prevention/

  Injury prevention is a large part of the work athletic trainers do with student athletes. Yet, concussion prevention is more nuanced than preventing ankle sprains or ACL injuries. When it comes to sports-related concussions, you cannot always prevent the accidental blow to the head, a trip and fall, or the surprise hit on the football field. This means that concussions can and will happen in sports. All injuries, concussions included, are part of the inherent risks of playing sports. With that said, there is still a lot that can be done to minimize the frequency of concussions, as well as reduce the long-term negative outcomes. Namely, education, awareness, and ensuring that medical coverage exists whenever sports are being played are the best tools for concussion prevention. […] Education and awareness are possibly the most important factors in concussion prevention. Coaches, parents, players, officials, school administrators, and teachers can all benefit from concussion education. In fact, everyone should be aware of the signs and symptoms of a concussion. This awareness ensures that injured players are removed from play immediately for evaluation by a healthcare professional.

• #2 Concussions: Prevention Tips (for Teens) | Nemours KidsHealth

  https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/concussions-healing.html

  A concussion is a brain injury that leads to symptoms such as headache, dizziness, and confusion. Concussions happen when someone has a blow to the head, or the head is shaken back and forth with great force. […] Its important to try to prevent concussions because they can cause long-lasting, serious effects on the brain. […] Not all concussions can be prevented, but you can take steps to make another one less likely. […] Talk to your coaches to make sure that they follow the rules to reduce the risk of concussions, such as limits on tackling (football) or heading the ball (soccer). If you’re a cheerleader, always have spotters for stunts. And make sure that the coach will take you out of play for any head injury. […] Never hide a head injury. Stop the sport or activity that caused the head injury and go to a parent, coach, or teacher right away. […] Wear a helmet for skiing, snowboarding, biking, riding a scooter, skateboarding, or rollerblading. A concussion can still happen while wearing a helmet, but the helmet can protect you from a skull fracture and serious brain injury. […] Use your seatbelt every time you are in a car.

• #2 Prevention of concussions – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prevention_of_concussions

  Prevention of undiagnosed and repeat injury is of importance in sports-related concussions. […] The Return To Play (RTP) protocol aims to decrease repeat concussions within a short time frame to minimize second impact syndrome. […] Best practices of RTP involve graduated activity intensification with each step taking at least 24 hours to assure full rehabilitation within one week (includes asymptomatic at rest and during exercise). […] However, they have not been shown to decrease risk of injury. […] The National Football League (NFL) implemented the sideline concussion assessment protocol in 2011 which oversees the treatment of any possible concussions and ensures that the medical staff on each sideline are following proper league protocol and testing for any head trauma. […] In 2011 the NFL enforced a kickoff rule change which moved football kickoffs five yards forward, resulting in reduced concussion incidence by 50%. […] Rules aimed at promoting fair play, while minimizing outwardly aggressive behavior, should be encouraged in all sports.

• #2 Protection and Prevention Strategies – Sports-Related Concussions in Youth – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK185338/

  This chapter addresses the portion of the committee’s statement of task concerning the effectiveness of protection devices and equipment and sports regulations for the prevention of concussions. […] Although it may be impossible to prevent all sports-related concussions in youth, measures can be taken to reduce the risk of these injuries. […] Helmet design involves a series of trade-offs between optimal safety and parameters such as the thickness and other characteristics of the attenuation material, the size and mass of the helmet, comfort, and acceptability. […] Based on the preceding discussion of the mechanics of concussion, devices that reduce both linear acceleration and rotational acceleration or velocity of the head have the potential to reduce the risk of concussion. […] There is currently no evidence that mouthguards or facial protection, such as face masks worn in ice hockey, reduce concussion risk.

• #2 Concussion – Parachute

  https://parachute.ca/en/injury-topic/concussion/

  The best way to prevent concussions is to prevent the incidents that cause concussions, such as falls and motor vehicle collisions. […] Concussion prevention in sports and recreation includes: […] Respecting and following the rules of the sport or activity, especially rules that are in place to reduce hits to the head […] Wearing properly fitted equipment, such as the right footwear to prevent falls […] Training, practising and playing in ways that are appropriate for your skill level […] Developing and enforcing policies and rules in sport to prevent injury, such as minimum bodychecking age in hockey and limiting contact practice in youth football. According to current research, these kinds of policies are the most effective way to prevent sport-related concussions. […] Helmets are an important piece of protective equipment for many sports and activities. Helmets can prevent serious head injuries. However, helmets are not proven to prevent concussions.

• #2 Are mouth guards important for concussion prevention?: SportsSafe: Pediatric Concussion Clinics

  https://www.sportssafect.com/blog/are-mouth-guards-important-for-concussion-prevention

  Mouth guards are worn in many contact sports with the main goal of protecting the mouth, teeth, and jaw, and literature has shown them to be very effective. […] There is a theory that mouthguards can help prevent a traumatic brain injury (concussion). It is thought that mouth guards may reduce the severity of the concussion by absorbing some of the forces from an impact to the face. […] Though this theory makes sense, in studies thus far, mouthguards have not been shown to reduce the incidence of concussion. […] Though they may not prevent a concussion, it makes sense that they could theoretically decrease a hard impact to the jaw from radiating to the skull and lessen the blow. […] Since mouthguards arent one of the proven answers to concussion prevention, we need to consider additional ways to keep our childrens brains safe.

• #2 Prevention of concussions – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prevention_of_concussions

  Prevention of mild traumatic brain injury involves taking general measures to prevent traumatic brain injury, such as wearing seat belts, using airbags in cars, securing heavy furnitures and objects before earthquake or covering and holding under the table during an earthquake. […] Unfortunately, to date, there is no data to support the claim that any particular type of helmet or protective equipment reduces the risk of sports-related concussion. […] Improvements in the design of protective athletic gear such as helmets may decrease the number and severity of such injuries. […] Changes to the rules or the practices of enforcing existing rules in sports, such as those against „head-down tackling”, or „spearing”, which is associated with a high injury rate, may also prevent concussions.

• #2 The Sports Institute | Concussion Prevention: What Works, What Doesn’t

  https://thesportsinstitute.com/concussion-prevention-what-works-what-doesnt/

  Concussion Prevention: What Works, What Doesnt […] An in-depth review by an international panel of experts says its possible to prevent concussions in sports. But the number of effective strategies is slim. Changes to rules and policies show the most promise, while equipment and headgear currently offer little protection in most sports. […] The review panel assessed 24 studies on the protective effects of helmets, other headgear and mouthguards. […] Helmets can prevent skull fractures, bleeding in the brain and other head and face injuries. But their ability to prevent concussions is less clear, according to the authors. […] There is good evidence that children and adults wearing helmets when skiing/snowboarding have significantly fewer head injuries, but not fewer concussions. […] The effectiveness of padded headgear to prevent concussions remains unproven. […] Research on mouthguards has failed to show they protect against concussion. […] In some sports, changes in rules or policies have significantly reduced concussion risk. […] Banning body checking reduces the risk of concussion by about two-thirds in players 11-12 years old, according to the panels analysis. […] The expert panel says educational programs have generally failed to make an impact on concussion risk, though they may improve recognition and management of concussions after they happen. […] Guskiewicz and others believe advances in concussion prevention may come from changing athlete behaviors that are linked to concussion.

• #2 Youth handball concussion prevention strategies: a workshop-based study with experts and end users | BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine

  https://bmjopensem.bmj.com/content/10/1/e001877

  One of the main findings of this research was that all handball players, coaches and referees should be informed that there should be zero tolerance for shots to the head in practice and matches. […] Stricter red card regulations are needed when an undisturbed attacking player shoots a goalkeeper in the head with high force. […] We suggest the following strategies as important preventive actions. For goalkeepers, two specific strategies apply: (1) increased focus on the ball allows better possibility for positioning and reaction, and (2) holding the hands close to the head increases the likelihood that the attacking player will shoot outside the head and hands. […] Practising shooting accuracy for attackers could be part of regular training to a greater extent than today, which may reduce the risk of head-shooting goalkeepers. […] Even though neck and core strength training may benefit all players, independent of position, it was questioned whether stronger muscles could prevent SRC, given the high force that generates a concussion.

• #2 Tips on Concussion Prevention – OrthoNC

  https://orthonc.com/your-health/tips-on-concussion-prevention

  Instruct the athlete in proper tackling techniques in football. Teaching them to not lead with the head and to hit with the shoulder instead of the helmet can reduce the incident of concussion. […] Strengthen the neck muscles. Studies have shown that individuals with stronger neck musculature have a lower rate of concussion. A stronger neck can absorb some of the shock of the blow to the head and decrease the force delivered to the brain. […] Mouth guard use and its role in preventing concussion is inconclusive at this time. […] The use of headgear in soccer is beginning to gain more attention. At this time there is not enough evidence to confirm that headgear use in soccer reduces the incidence rate of concussion. […] Several helmet designs for football and hockey have been developed with the intention of reducing concussion rates. Preliminary research has been positive, however, other studies show that they fail to actually reduce the concussion rate in wearers.

• #2

  https://www.greatamericaninsurancegroup.com/content-hub/loss-control/details/concussion-prevention-creating-a-safe-sport-culture

  Only a health care provider should assess an athlete for a possible concussion. […] Inform the athletes parent(s) or guardian(s) about the possible concussion and refer them to the CDCs website for concussion information. […] Ask for written instructions from the athletes health care provider about the steps you should take to help the athlete safely return to play. […] Teach athletes proper tackling and blocking techniques and ways to avoid hits to the head. […] Enforce the rules of the sport for fair play, safety, and sportsmanship. […] Ensure athletes avoid unsafe actions such as: Hitting another athlete in the head; Using their helmet to contact another athlete (helmet-to-helmet or helmet-to-body contact); Making illegal contacts, tackling, or colliding with an unprotected opponent; and/or Trying to injure or put another athlete at risk for injury.

• #2 Concussion Prevention

  https://www.centerfoundation.org/concussion-prevention/

  Although it may not be possible to prevent concussions entirely, there are several ways to reduce the long-term consequences of concussions and the risk of Second Impact Syndrome. […] Teaching and practicing proper tackling and hitting techniques helps reduce frequency of concussions. Enforcing rules against spearing, targeting, or unnecessary roughness helps to prevent concussions and other serious head injuries. […] Having an appropriate medical plan in place is key to reducing the risk of more serious injury following the concussion, as well as preventing repeat concussions. A good medical plan, or concussion protocol, is one that follows the best practice recommendations for recognizing, evaluating, and treating concussions. Also, it helps to ensure that it is safe for a player to return to sports after a concussion. Ensuring medical coverage at all youth sporting events is an important part of a functional concussion protocol. […] Contrary to popular belief, helmets do not prevent concussions. However, a well-fitted helmet is an important element in preventing other serious injuries.

• #2 Preventing Concussion in Athletes and Young Children | Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta

  https://www.choa.org/parent-resources/concussion/concussion-prevention-in-kids-and-teens

  Concussion is one of the most common injuries among young athletes. Yet there are steps parents, coaches and athletes can take to help prevent this traumatic brain injury. […] While theres no way to prevent sports concussions entirely, parents, coaches and players can take steps to limit head injuries on the playing field and help ensure a concussion is addressed quickly and appropriately if it does occur. […] In fact, all 50 states now have laws in place to improve prevention and treatment of traumatic brain injuries, like concussion, among athletes. […] If a player suffers a head injury, coaches and referees should remove the player from the game immediately for proper evaluation; players should not return to the field until they are cleared by a healthcare professional. […] U.S. Soccer has recently implemented new concussion guidelines for kids and teens as a way to keep young soccer players safe.

• #2 Concussion Prevention – Prevent Childhood Injuries

  https://pasafekids.org/risk-injury-areas/concussion-prevention/

  If a child has a concussion, make sure to follow all medical advice until the child is fully healed (a process which could take a few weeks to months). […] Enforce the rules of the sport for fair play, safety, and sportsmanship and make these expectations clear. […] Talk about concussion reporting and the importance of reporting it. Make sure that athletes understand how serious concussions are, and the potential long-term impacts of untreated concussions as well as repeated concussions. […] If you think an athlete may have a concussion, you should: Remove the athlete from play. […] Keep that athlete out of play on the same day of the injury and until they are cleared by a health care provider. […] Before returning to play, an athlete should be back to doing their regular school activities, not have any symptoms from the injury when doing normal activities, and have the green-light from their health care provider to begin the return to play process. […] Concussions take time to heal. Do not let your child return to play until cleared by a health professional. Returning to play before healing can prolong symptoms and increase the risk of another concussion.

• #2 Concussion Prevention Tips for Families | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/centers-programs/concussion-program/concussion-prevention-tips-families

  There are many practical concussion prevention strategies and concussion safety tips that can help reduce the risk for concussions in children. […] Car crashes are a major cause of concussion and other types of brain injuries for children. […] Research shows childhood concussion is most common between the ages of 11 and 15 years, and that half of childhood concussions are sports-related. […] A note about helmets: While current helmet designs are effective for preventing skull fracture and more serious brain injuries, they have not necessarily been shown to be effective at preventing concussions in youth sports. […] When concussions do occur, athletes should be removed from play and not return to sports until cleared by a medical professional familiar with concussion management. […] Children, especially adolescents and young teenagers, require longer recovery times and a more conservative treatment approach than adults.

• #2 Wisconsin researchers weigh in on concussion prevention innovations in sports – WPR

  https://www.wpr.org/news/wisconsin-researchers-weigh-in-on-concussion-prevention-innovations-in-sports

  Researchers at UW-Madison are working on a new kind of protective foam that could revolutionize helmet technology. […] 2024 is the first year that NFL players are allowed to take extra precautions against concussions during games in the form of Guardian Caps: soft-shell covers that are worn over helmets to reduce the force of impact during collisions. […] And while the NFL claims their research indicates that the Guardian Caps have resulted in a 52 percent reduction in concussions, there’s not much independent research that indicates they’re actually effective at protecting players. […] One promising development in helmet technology is being pioneered in Wisconsin, at the Thevamaran Lab in the University of Wisconsin-Madison mechanical engineering department. […] The material also has advantages over the current material used in Guardian Caps.

• #3 Prevention strategies and modifiable risk factors for sport-related concussions and head impacts: a systematic review and meta-analysis – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37316182/

  Objectives: To evaluate prevention strategies, their unintended consequences and modifiable risk factors for sport-related concussion (SRC) and/or head impact risk. […] Results: In total, 220 studies were eligible for inclusion and 192 studies were included in the results based on methodological criteria as assessed through the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network high (’++’) or acceptable (’+’) quality. Evidence was available examining protective gear (eg, helmets, headgear, mouthguards) (n=39), policy and rule changes (n=38), training strategies (n=34), SRC management strategies (n=12), unintended consequences (n=5) and modifiable risk factors (n=64). Meta-analyses demonstrated a protective effect of mouthguards in collision sports (incidence rate ratio, IRR 0.74; 95% CI 0.64 to 0.89). Policy disallowing bodychecking in child and adolescent ice hockey was associated with a 58% lower concussion rate compared with bodychecking leagues (IRR 0.42; 95% CI 0.33 to 0.53), and evidence supports no unintended injury consequences of policy disallowing bodychecking. In American football, strategies limiting contact in practices were associated with a 64% lower practice-related concussion rate (IRR 0.36; 95% CI 0.16 to 0.80). Some evidence also supports up to 60% lower concussion rates with implementation of a neuromuscular training warm-up programme in rugby. More research examining potentially modifiable risk factors (eg, neck strength, optimal tackle technique) are needed to inform concussion prevention strategies. […] Conclusions: Policy and rule modifications, personal protective equipment, and neuromuscular training strategies may help to prevent SRC.

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