Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing): What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/21195-dysphagia-difficulty-swallowing

  Dysphagia or difficulty swallowing is a symptom of many different medical conditions. Treatment for swallowing issues may include medications, changes to your eating habits and, sometimes, procedures. […] A specialist in swallowing disorders called a speech-language pathologist (SLP) can assess your ability to swallow and provide treatment if there’s a risk. […] Treatment for dysphagia depends on what’s causing it and how severe it is. Your treatment might include: Medication: Your healthcare provider may prescribe antimicrobials to treat infections (usually caused by viruses or fungi) causing dysphagia. Treatment for GERD includes drugs to control acid reflux. […] Many people find rehabilitation helpful. An SLP can teach you exercises to strengthen your swallowing muscles. […] Dysphagia can lead to serious health issues and even be fatal without treatment. Risks include: Dehydration. Malnutrition. Choking. Silent aspiration and aspiration pneumonia.

• #2 Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) – symptoms, causes and treatment | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/dysphagia

  Dysphagia is when you have trouble swallowing solids and liquids. […] There are many causes of dysphagia, and treatment depends on the cause. […] If you have dysphagia, treatment will depend on the cause. This may involve medicines or surgery. […] A range of health professionals can help with dysphagia, including: doctors, speech pathologists, dietitians, physiotherapists. […] Treatment can sometimes include: changing the textures of your food and drinks, learning new swallowing techniques, doing exercises to help your muscles work better and stimulate nerves that trigger the swallowing reflex, taking medicines to reduce stomach acid reflux. […] Some people need to change to a special diet. This may involve changing the texture or thickness of the food and drinks you eat and drink. In severe cases, food and drink can be given through a feeding tube that goes directly into your stomach.

• #3 Get Swallowing Disorder Treatment | Cleveland Clinic

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/swallowing-disorders-treatment

  Sometimes, trouble swallowing can be a nuisance. Other times, it can be downright dangerous. […] If its hard to swallow easily when youre eating, you might have a condition called dysphagia. […] But no matter how dysphagia affects you, we can help. Cleveland Clinic has a dedicated team of healthcare providers from several different specialties who focus only on treating swallowing disorders. […] Our treatments for dysphagia range from medicine and changes in what and how you eat to surgery and swallowing therapy. […] We talk to you about your test results and recommend the best treatment option for you. Your treatment plan is personalized to fit your specific needs. Some of the treatment options we might recommend can include: […] A speech-language pathologist can teach you safe techniques and exercises to make swallowing easier.

• #4 Dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing): Diagnosis & Treatment | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/digestive/dysphagia/treatment

  How Is Dysphagia Treated? Treatment for dysphagia depends on the cause and type of dysphagia. Sometimes, this condition will resolve on its own without treatment. However, if dysphagia persists, there are many treatments available that are targeted to the specific type of dysphagia. […] Your provider may suggest a change in diet to reduce your risk of choking or aspiration while suffering from dysphagia. Your doctor will assess your dysphagia and talk to you about what kinds of food and drink are best for you, and how you should prepare them. […] Learning special swallowing techniques or practicing coordination exercises can help ease difficulty swallowing in some cases. Your doctor may instruct you on how to position food in your mouth or how to move your throat while swallowing to minimize symptoms. […] In some cases, medications, endoscopic therapies, and surgery may be needed to treat the cause of your dysphagia. These dysphagia treatments are specific to the type of condition you are experiencing and the final diagnosis after an evaluation.

• #5 Dysphagia (swallowing problems) | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/dysphagia-swallowing-problems/

  Treatment will depend on whether your swallowing problem is in the mouth or throat (oropharyngeal, or high dysphagia), or in the oesophagus (oesophageal, or low dysphagia). […] The cause of dysphagia is also considered when deciding on treatment. In some cases, treating the underlying cause, such as mouth cancer or oesophageal cancer, can help relieve swallowing problems. […] Treatment for dysphagia may be managed by a group of specialists known as a multidisciplinary team (MDT). Your MDT may include a speech and language therapist (SLT), a surgeon, and a dietitian. […] High dysphagia is swallowing difficulties caused by problems with the mouth or throat. […] There are 3 main treatments for high dysphagia: swallowing therapy, dietary changes, feeding tubes. […] You may be referred to a speech and language therapist (SLT) for swallowing therapy if you have high dysphagia.

• #6 Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) – symptoms, causes and treatment | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/dysphagia

  Dysphagia is when you have trouble swallowing solids and liquids. […] There are many causes of dysphagia, and treatment depends on the cause. […] If you have dysphagia, treatment will depend on the cause. This may involve medicines or surgery. […] A range of health professionals can help with dysphagia, including: doctors, speech pathologists, dietitians, physiotherapists. […] Treatment can sometimes include: changing the textures of your food and drinks, learning new swallowing techniques, doing exercises to help your muscles work better and stimulate nerves that trigger the swallowing reflex, taking medicines to reduce stomach acid reflux. […] Some people need to change to a special diet. This may involve changing the texture or thickness of the food and drinks you eat and drink. In severe cases, food and drink can be given through a feeding tube that goes directly into your stomach.

• #7 Adult Dysphagia

  https://www.asha.org/practice-portal/clinical-topics/adult-dysphagia/?srsltid=AfmBOoqtPLIjr2ol2kteyRV6x-V2d_uMOxSRTdctNX6AaRHN-k3Mx1p4

  Dysphagia is a swallowing disorder involving the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, or gastroesophageal junction. Dysphagia intervention may concentrate on swallowing exercises, compensatory swallowing strategies (including posture considerations), bolus consistency modification, and caregiver/patient education. […] Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are the preferred providers of dysphagia services and are integral members of an interprofessional team to diagnose and manage oral and pharyngeal dysphagia. […] SLPs play a central role in the assessment and management of individuals with swallowing disorders. An SLPs roles include identifying signs and symptoms of dysphagia; providing treatment for swallowing disorders, documenting progress, adapting and adjusting treatment plans based on patient performance, and determining appropriate discharge criteria.

• #8 Adult Dysphagia

  https://www.asha.org/practice-portal/clinical-topics/adult-dysphagia/?srsltid=AfmBOoqtPLIjr2ol2kteyRV6x-V2d_uMOxSRTdctNX6AaRHN-k3Mx1p4

  The primary goals of dysphagia intervention are to support adequate nutrition and hydration and return to oral intake (including incorporating the patients dietary preferences and consulting with family members/caregivers to ensure that the patients daily living activities are being considered); determine the optimum supports (e.g., posture, or assistance) to reduce patient and caregiver burden while maximizing the patients quality of life; and develop a treatment plan to improve the safety and efficiency of the swallow. […] Treatment of dysphagia may include restoration of normal swallow function (rehabilitative) and/or modifications to diet consistency and patient behavior (compensatory). […] Rehabilitative techniques, such as exercises, are designed to create lasting change in an individuals swallowing over time by improving underlying physiological function.

• #9 Advances in the Treatment of Dysphagia in Neurological Disorders: A Review of Current Evidence and Future Considerations

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9578488/

  Establishing an accurate diagnosis of the underlying dysphagia-causing pathology is important in determining the probable natural evolution of dysphagia, the ultimate aim of treatment and which treatment modality is best placed to address the underlying deficit. Providing the right treatment should aid recovery but such rehabilitation does require a multidisciplinary approach. Beyond conventional approaches such as texture modification and behavioural therapies, recent literature has seen some progress on the pharmacological front albeit with few options. Neuromodulation has also shown some promising results over the past few years. Furthermore, the use of soft robotics has opened a new arena for the study of dysphagia and the development of novel treatments for this cohort of patients. […] Taken together, the quality of evidence for the clinical efficacy of rehabilitative exercises has improved in recent years as there is an increasing number of RCTs conducted in dysphagic patients. EMST, CTAR and NMES are the most studied rehabilitation treatments and they showed preliminary benefits for dysphagia.

• #10 Adult Dysphagia

  https://www.asha.org/practice-portal/clinical-topics/adult-dysphagia/?srsltid=AfmBOoqtPLIjr2ol2kteyRV6x-V2d_uMOxSRTdctNX6AaRHN-k3Mx1p4

  The primary goals of dysphagia intervention are to support adequate nutrition and hydration and return to oral intake (including incorporating the patients dietary preferences and consulting with family members/caregivers to ensure that the patients daily living activities are being considered); determine the optimum supports (e.g., posture, or assistance) to reduce patient and caregiver burden while maximizing the patients quality of life; and develop a treatment plan to improve the safety and efficiency of the swallow. […] Treatment of dysphagia may include restoration of normal swallow function (rehabilitative) and/or modifications to diet consistency and patient behavior (compensatory). […] Rehabilitative techniques, such as exercises, are designed to create lasting change in an individuals swallowing over time by improving underlying physiological function.

• #11 Dysphagia – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysphagia

  Dysphagia is difficulty in swallowing. […] There are many ways to treat dysphagia, such as swallowing therapy, dietary changes, feeding tubes, certain medications, and surgery. Treatment for dysphagia is managed by a group of specialists known as a multidisciplinary team. […] The implementation of a treatment strategy should be based on a thorough evaluation by the multidisciplinary team. Treatment strategies will differ on a patient to patient basis and should be structured to meet the specific needs of each individual patient. […] Adequate nutrition and hydration must be preserved at all times during dysphagia treatment. The overall goal of dysphagia therapy is to maintain or return the patient to oral feeding. […] Compensatory treatment procedures are designed to change the flow of the food/liquids and eliminate symptoms but do not directly change the physiology of the swallow.

• #12 Dysphagia Treatment That May Ease Swallowing | Colgate®

  https://www.colgate.com/en-us/oral-health/adult-oral-care/dysphagia-treatment-ease-swallowing

  In cases where dysphagia can’t be solved, eating and swallowing techniques can help you cope with this condition so that it’s less of a burden on your life. Treatments might include tucking your chin or turning your head a certain way to help food travel down the esophagus more efficiently or changing the consistency of the food you eat to help you swallow it with ease. […] […] Rehabilitative approaches to dysphagia treatment aim to improve your swallowing ability, leading to a lasting improvement. Treatments might include exercises that build muscle strength in the face and esophagus or learning a swallowing technique that ensures the airway is blocked off, preventing food from traveling down the trachea into the lungs. Your medical professional may also recommend changing the way you eat. That might include taking smaller bites, chewing more thoroughly, eating softer food, or pureeing food. […]

• #13 Adult Dysphagia

  https://www.asha.org/practice-portal/clinical-topics/adult-dysphagia/?srsltid=AfmBOoqtPLIjr2ol2kteyRV6x-V2d_uMOxSRTdctNX6AaRHN-k3Mx1p4

  Swallowing exercises include exercises of the lips, jaw, tongue, soft palate, pharynx, larynx, and/or respiratory muscles to improve function. […] Specific bolus volumes per swallow may result in faster pharyngeal swallow responses. […] Postural techniques redirect the movement of the bolus in the oral cavity and pharynx and modify pharyngeal dimensions. […] Prosthetics can be used to normalize pressure and movement in the intraoral cavity by providing compensation or physical support for patients with structural deficits/damage to the oropharyngeal mechanism. […] Medical management of swallowing disorders includes pharmacologic management, surgical options, and tube feeding for dysphagia treatment.

• #14 Dysphagia Treatment | Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist

  https://www.wakehealth.edu/treatment/d/dysphagia-treatment

  The treatment of dysphagia can be determined by your Speech-Language Pathologist and will possibly include non-surgical or surgical methods. […] Once your swallowing disorder has been evaluated and diagnosed, your physician and speech pathologist will formulate a plan of care to improve your swallowing function. This might include modifying your diet so that foods and liquid are easier to swallow, using head postures and other strategies to increase comfort and safety during meals, and initiating a course of individualized outpatient swallowing therapy. However, if your swallowing problem cannot be improved with therapy, you may need surgery. There are a variety of different options to make eating and drinking easier. […] Swallowing therapy involves completing a variety of exercises to help strengthen the muscles of your tongue and throat so you can swallow more easily and safely.

• #15 Difficulty Swallowing (Dysphagia): Causes, Types & Symptoms

  https://www.healthline.com/health/difficulty-in-swallowing

  Some health conditions can make swallowing foods or liquids more difficult. Treatment can include therapy, medications, and dietary changes. […] Dysphagia treatment is necessary. A speech-language pathologist will perform a swallowing evaluation to diagnose your dysphagia. Once the evaluation is completed, the speech-language pathologist may recommend: dietary changes, oropharyngeal swallowing exercises to strengthen muscles, alternative swallowing strategies, posture changes that you should follow while eating. […] Various treatments may be prescribed depending on the medical condition causing swallowing difficulty: If this is causing your swallowing problem, a procedure called esophageal dilation may be used to expand the esophagus. During this procedure, a small balloon is placed into the esophagus to widen it. The balloon is then removed. Surgery may be necessary to remove them. Surgery may also be used to remove scar tissue. You may be given prescription medication to treat these conditions and encouraged to follow a reflux diet.

• #16 Dysphagia Treatment | Good Shepherd Rehabilitation — Where Potential Becomes Reality

  https://www.goodshepherdrehab.org/service/dysphagia-treatment/

  Dysphagia is an impairment in the oral and/or pharyngeal stage of the swallow. […] Good Shepherd’s expert speech language pathologists offer swallowing therapy for patients with dysphagia. Our speech language pathologists are specially trained to work with people with eating or swallowing difficulties. […] Speech language pathologists use a range of techniques that can be tailored for your specific problem, such as teaching you swallowing exercises. […] Good Shepherd’s speech language pathologists are certified to practice swallowing therapy using VitalStim® technology. This neuromuscular electrical stimulation therapy, approved by the FDA, is used for patients with swallowing disorders, otherwise known as oral pharyngeal dysphagia. VitalStim® is designed as a complimentary treatment modality to strengthen and retrain the swallowing mechanism. The ultimate goal is to resume oral intake at the least restrictive diet level.

• #17 Dysphagia Treatment | National Foundation of Swallowing Disorders – A community for those impacted by dysphagia

  https://swallowingdisorderfoundation.com/dysphagia-treatment/

  Some SLPs use neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) to stimulate and strengthen the muscles involved in swallowing. This therapy delivers small electrical currents to targeted muscles, aiming to improve coordination and muscle function over time. […] For patients with structural issues like a narrowing of the esophagus, surgical treatments might be necessary. Esophageal dilation can stretch and widen the esophagus, improving food passage. Other surgeries, such as myotomy (cutting certain muscles to improve swallowing), are sometimes recommended for certain neuromuscular causes of dysphagia. […] For those who cannot swallow safely even with other interventions, a feeding tube may be needed. Gastrostomy (G-tube) or jejunostomy (J-tube) tubes allow patients to receive nutrition directly into the stomach or small intestine, supporting their nutritional needs without the risk of aspiration.

• #18 Dysphagia Swallowing Disorders Treatment

  https://www.froedtert.com/gastroenterology/conditions/dysphagia

  The Dysphagia Institute offers a range of diagnostic procedures to determine the cause of swallowing problems. […] The Institute has achieved international recognition for research in swallowing disorders. […] Many of the techniques for evaluating and treating dysphagia were pioneered at the Dysphagia Institute. […] The Shaker Exercise, designed by Medical College of Wisconsin gastroenterologist/hepatologist Reza Shaker, MD, is a simple exercise that helps people improve or even restore their swallowing function without surgery or drugs. […] The exercise is taught to physicians throughout the world to help their patients with dysphagia and can be practiced at home.

• #19 Advances in the Treatment of Dysphagia in Neurological Disorders: A Review of Current Evidence and Future Considerations

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9578488/

  Establishing an accurate diagnosis of the underlying dysphagia-causing pathology is important in determining the probable natural evolution of dysphagia, the ultimate aim of treatment and which treatment modality is best placed to address the underlying deficit. Providing the right treatment should aid recovery but such rehabilitation does require a multidisciplinary approach. Beyond conventional approaches such as texture modification and behavioural therapies, recent literature has seen some progress on the pharmacological front albeit with few options. Neuromodulation has also shown some promising results over the past few years. Furthermore, the use of soft robotics has opened a new arena for the study of dysphagia and the development of novel treatments for this cohort of patients. […] Taken together, the quality of evidence for the clinical efficacy of rehabilitative exercises has improved in recent years as there is an increasing number of RCTs conducted in dysphagic patients. EMST, CTAR and NMES are the most studied rehabilitation treatments and they showed preliminary benefits for dysphagia.

• #20 Adult Dysphagia

  https://www.asha.org/practice-portal/clinical-topics/adult-dysphagia/?srsltid=AfmBOoqtPLIjr2ol2kteyRV6x-V2d_uMOxSRTdctNX6AaRHN-k3Mx1p4

  Compensatory techniques alter the swallow when used but do not create lasting functional change. […] Treatment options for patients with dysphagia are selected on the basis of evidence-based practice, which includes a combination of the best available internal and external evidence. […] Biofeedback incorporates the patients ability to sense changes and aids in the treatment of feeding or swallowing disorders. […] Modifications to diet texture may include changing the viscosity of liquids and/or altering the texture of solid foods using standardized criteria. […] Patients may benefit from the use of adaptive equipment or environmental modifications to more effectively manage the bolus. […] Maneuvers are specific strategies that clinicians use to change the timing or strength of particular movements of swallowing.

• #21 Adult Dysphagia

  https://www.asha.org/practice-portal/clinical-topics/adult-dysphagia/?srsltid=AfmBOoqtPLIjr2ol2kteyRV6x-V2d_uMOxSRTdctNX6AaRHN-k3Mx1p4

  Swallowing exercises include exercises of the lips, jaw, tongue, soft palate, pharynx, larynx, and/or respiratory muscles to improve function. […] Specific bolus volumes per swallow may result in faster pharyngeal swallow responses. […] Postural techniques redirect the movement of the bolus in the oral cavity and pharynx and modify pharyngeal dimensions. […] Prosthetics can be used to normalize pressure and movement in the intraoral cavity by providing compensation or physical support for patients with structural deficits/damage to the oropharyngeal mechanism. […] Medical management of swallowing disorders includes pharmacologic management, surgical options, and tube feeding for dysphagia treatment.

• #22 Dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing): Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/swallowing-problems

  How Are Swallowing Problems Treated? Treatment depends on the type of dysphagia you have. Sometimes, a swallowing problem will resolve itself without treatment. Other times, swallowing problems can be managed easily. Complex swallowing problems may require treatment by a specialist or several specialists. […] If you have a chewing or swallowing problem, there are several things you can do to make eating and drinking easier and safer: […] Positioning […] Sit upright at a 90-degree angle. […] Tilt your head slightly forward. […] Remain sitting upright or standing for 15 to 20 minutes after eating a meal. […] Dining environment […] Minimize distractions in the area where you eat. […] Stay focused on the tasks of eating and drinking. […] Don’t talk with food in your mouth. […] Amount and rate

• #23 Dysphagia – Oral Cancer Foundation | Information and Resources about Oral Head and Neck Cancer

  https://oralcancerfoundation.org/complications/dysphagia/

  Treatment strategies should be introduced during the video fluoroscopic evaluation to determine the effectiveness of the strategy prior to implementation. […] Several categories of interventions exist including postural changes, sensory procedures, maneuvers, diet changes, physiologic exercise, and orofacial prosthetics. […] Used alone or in combination, these options can be extremely successful in returning a patient to safe and efficient oral intake. […] The supraglottic swallow maneuver closes the vocal folds before and during the swallow. […] The effortful swallow improves tongue base retraction and pressure generation. […] The Mendelsohn maneuver enhances and prolongs laryngeal elevation and anterior movement to improve laryngeal elevation and extent and duration of cricopharyngeal opening.

• #24 Dysphagia – Oral Cancer Foundation | Information and Resources about Oral Head and Neck Cancer

  https://oralcancerfoundation.org/complications/dysphagia/

  Treatment strategies should be introduced during the video fluoroscopic evaluation to determine the effectiveness of the strategy prior to implementation. […] Several categories of interventions exist including postural changes, sensory procedures, maneuvers, diet changes, physiologic exercise, and orofacial prosthetics. […] Used alone or in combination, these options can be extremely successful in returning a patient to safe and efficient oral intake. […] The supraglottic swallow maneuver closes the vocal folds before and during the swallow. […] The effortful swallow improves tongue base retraction and pressure generation. […] The Mendelsohn maneuver enhances and prolongs laryngeal elevation and anterior movement to improve laryngeal elevation and extent and duration of cricopharyngeal opening.

• #25 Dysphagia – Oral Cancer Foundation | Information and Resources about Oral Head and Neck Cancer

  https://oralcancerfoundation.org/complications/dysphagia/

  Treatment strategies should be introduced during the video fluoroscopic evaluation to determine the effectiveness of the strategy prior to implementation. […] Several categories of interventions exist including postural changes, sensory procedures, maneuvers, diet changes, physiologic exercise, and orofacial prosthetics. […] Used alone or in combination, these options can be extremely successful in returning a patient to safe and efficient oral intake. […] The supraglottic swallow maneuver closes the vocal folds before and during the swallow. […] The effortful swallow improves tongue base retraction and pressure generation. […] The Mendelsohn maneuver enhances and prolongs laryngeal elevation and anterior movement to improve laryngeal elevation and extent and duration of cricopharyngeal opening.

• #26 Dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing): Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/swallowing-problems

  Eat slowly. […] Cut food into small pieces and chew it thoroughly. Chew food until it becomes liquid in your mouth before swallowing. […] Don’t try to eat more than 1/2 teaspoon of food at a time. […] Swallowing […] You may need to swallow two or three times per bite or sip. […] If food or liquid catches in your throat, cough gently or clear your throat, and swallow again before taking a breath. Repeat if necessary. […] Concentrate on swallowing often. […] Saliva management […] Drink plenty of fluids. […] From time to time, suck on ice pops, ice chips, or lemon ice or drink lemon-flavored water to boost saliva production. That will increase swallowing frequency. […] Food consistency […] Avoid foods that are tough to chew. […] Puree food in a blender. […] If thin liquids make you cough, use a liquid thickener (your speech pathologist can recommend one). Substitute thicker liquids for thin ones, such as nectar for juice and cream soup for broth. […] Taking medications […] Crush pills and mix them with applesauce or pudding. […] Ask your pharmacist for their recommendations on which pills shouldn’t be crushed and which medications you can get in liquid form.

• #27 Dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing): Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/swallowing-problems

  Eat slowly. […] Cut food into small pieces and chew it thoroughly. Chew food until it becomes liquid in your mouth before swallowing. […] Don’t try to eat more than 1/2 teaspoon of food at a time. […] Swallowing […] You may need to swallow two or three times per bite or sip. […] If food or liquid catches in your throat, cough gently or clear your throat, and swallow again before taking a breath. Repeat if necessary. […] Concentrate on swallowing often. […] Saliva management […] Drink plenty of fluids. […] From time to time, suck on ice pops, ice chips, or lemon ice or drink lemon-flavored water to boost saliva production. That will increase swallowing frequency. […] Food consistency […] Avoid foods that are tough to chew. […] Puree food in a blender. […] If thin liquids make you cough, use a liquid thickener (your speech pathologist can recommend one). Substitute thicker liquids for thin ones, such as nectar for juice and cream soup for broth. […] Taking medications […] Crush pills and mix them with applesauce or pudding. […] Ask your pharmacist for their recommendations on which pills shouldn’t be crushed and which medications you can get in liquid form.

• #28 Dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing): Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/swallowing-problems

  Eat slowly. […] Cut food into small pieces and chew it thoroughly. Chew food until it becomes liquid in your mouth before swallowing. […] Don’t try to eat more than 1/2 teaspoon of food at a time. […] Swallowing […] You may need to swallow two or three times per bite or sip. […] If food or liquid catches in your throat, cough gently or clear your throat, and swallow again before taking a breath. Repeat if necessary. […] Concentrate on swallowing often. […] Saliva management […] Drink plenty of fluids. […] From time to time, suck on ice pops, ice chips, or lemon ice or drink lemon-flavored water to boost saliva production. That will increase swallowing frequency. […] Food consistency […] Avoid foods that are tough to chew. […] Puree food in a blender. […] If thin liquids make you cough, use a liquid thickener (your speech pathologist can recommend one). Substitute thicker liquids for thin ones, such as nectar for juice and cream soup for broth. […] Taking medications […] Crush pills and mix them with applesauce or pudding. […] Ask your pharmacist for their recommendations on which pills shouldn’t be crushed and which medications you can get in liquid form.

• #29 Dysphagia – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysphagia

  Dysphagia is difficulty in swallowing. […] There are many ways to treat dysphagia, such as swallowing therapy, dietary changes, feeding tubes, certain medications, and surgery. Treatment for dysphagia is managed by a group of specialists known as a multidisciplinary team. […] The implementation of a treatment strategy should be based on a thorough evaluation by the multidisciplinary team. Treatment strategies will differ on a patient to patient basis and should be structured to meet the specific needs of each individual patient. […] Adequate nutrition and hydration must be preserved at all times during dysphagia treatment. The overall goal of dysphagia therapy is to maintain or return the patient to oral feeding. […] Compensatory treatment procedures are designed to change the flow of the food/liquids and eliminate symptoms but do not directly change the physiology of the swallow.

• #30 Adult Dysphagia

  https://www.asha.org/practice-portal/clinical-topics/adult-dysphagia/?srsltid=AfmBOoqtPLIjr2ol2kteyRV6x-V2d_uMOxSRTdctNX6AaRHN-k3Mx1p4

  Compensatory techniques alter the swallow when used but do not create lasting functional change. […] Treatment options for patients with dysphagia are selected on the basis of evidence-based practice, which includes a combination of the best available internal and external evidence. […] Biofeedback incorporates the patients ability to sense changes and aids in the treatment of feeding or swallowing disorders. […] Modifications to diet texture may include changing the viscosity of liquids and/or altering the texture of solid foods using standardized criteria. […] Patients may benefit from the use of adaptive equipment or environmental modifications to more effectively manage the bolus. […] Maneuvers are specific strategies that clinicians use to change the timing or strength of particular movements of swallowing.

• #31 Dysphagia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Treatment, Dietary Modification

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2212409-treatment

  The goals of dysphagia treatment are to maintain adequate nutritional intake for the patient and to maximize airway protection. […] Disorders of oral and pharyngeal swallowing are usually amenable to rehabilitation, including dietary modification and training in swallowing techniques and maneuvers. […] Various treatments have been suggested for the treatment of oropharyngeal dysphagia in adults. Direct and indirect strategies for treating dysphagia have been described. […] Dietary modification is the key component in the general treatment program of dysphagia. A diet of pureed foods is recommended for patients who have difficulties with the oral preparatory phase of swallowing, who pocket food in the buccal recesses, or who have significant pharyngeal retention of chewed solid foods.

• #32 Difficulty Swallowing (Dysphagia): Causes, Types & Symptoms

  https://www.healthline.com/health/difficulty-in-swallowing

  There are many texture-modified foods for people with dysphagia. Because the consistencies of these foods vary so much, the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI) has created standardized worldwide terminology and definitions for texture-modified liquids and thickened foods. […] Dysphagia, the medical term for swallowing difficulty, can result from many different medical conditions or their treatments. It may be temporary or a lifelong condition. People with dysphagia need to eat foods that have been carefully prepared so as not to present choking hazards. These can be fresh foods made into soft or pureed textures and cut into small bites, or special foods like thickened liquids or texture-modified foods.

• #33 Dysphagia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Treatment, Dietary Modification

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2212409-treatment

  The goals of dysphagia treatment are to maintain adequate nutritional intake for the patient and to maximize airway protection. […] Disorders of oral and pharyngeal swallowing are usually amenable to rehabilitation, including dietary modification and training in swallowing techniques and maneuvers. […] Various treatments have been suggested for the treatment of oropharyngeal dysphagia in adults. Direct and indirect strategies for treating dysphagia have been described. […] Dietary modification is the key component in the general treatment program of dysphagia. A diet of pureed foods is recommended for patients who have difficulties with the oral preparatory phase of swallowing, who pocket food in the buccal recesses, or who have significant pharyngeal retention of chewed solid foods.

• #34 Diagnosis and Treatment of Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia) in Acute-Care Stroke Patients: Summary – AHRQ Evidence Report Summaries – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK11901/

  Current evidence suggests that a systematic program of diagnosis and treatment of dysphagia in an acute stroke management plan may yield dramatic reductions in pneumonia rates. […] Despite the sparse available data, it seems prudent to include dysphagia-specific management with formal diagnosis and treatment as part of the standard protocol of stroke management in the acute care setting. […] Most study designs used in the evaluation of noninvasive therapy have made it impossible to assess the effectiveness of individual treatments. […] The results of a single RCT supported the use of a soft mechanical diet over a pureed diet for preventing aspiration pneumonia in stroke patients with dysphagia who had a history of aspiration pneumonia. […] Research in the areas of diagnosis and treatment of dysphagia in neurologic patients has thus far largely focused on stroke patients, who comprise the largest proportion of patients with dysphagia, and has mostly been conducted as case reports and small case series. […] Because of the shortcomings in available research, a multi-armed, randomized trial to evaluate the efficacy of different dysphagia management programs is needed.

• #35 Reflux Testing and Treatment – Treatment for Dysphagia | Medtronic

  https://www.medtronic.com/en-us/l/patients/treatments-therapies/reflux-disease-testing-treatment/dysphagia/treatment-options.html

  Treatment for dysphagia will vary based on the cause of your swallowing problems. For dysphagia caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), treatment may focus on bringing your GERD symptoms under control while managing your dysphagia symptoms. […] If you’re having trouble swallowing, see your doctor as soon as possible to discuss treatment options. […] Recommended lifestyle changes for dysphagia may include: Eliminating alcohol and nicotine, Eating frequent smaller meals instead of three large meals, Following a soft food or liquid diet, Avoiding sticky foods like jam or peanut butter, Cutting foods into smaller pieces. […] Dysphagia can be a frightening condition, making it difficult to stay adequately nourished or hydrated and may also signal a more serious underlying condition, such as Barrett’s esophagus.

• #36 Swallowing Problems | Managing Cancer-related Side Effects | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/managing-cancer/side-effects/eating-problems/swallowing-problems.html

  Swallowing problems can affect a persons quality of life. […] Trouble swallowing can also make it more likely that a person will get food or liquids into their lungs (aspiration). […] Common causes of swallowing problems are: […] Cancer treatments, such as radiation therapy or surgery to the mouth, jaw, throat, or esophagus. […] Be sure to tell your cancer care team if you are having trouble swallowing. […] You may need to have swallowing and imaging tests to look for changes. […] Your cancer care team may suggest that you work with a speech pathologist. […] They can help you learn how to swallow better and avoid choking and gagging. […] The RDN or RD will work with you and your cancer care team to come up with the best plan that will meet your needs. […] If you are able to swallow food and liquids but have some trouble, these tips might help. […] Stay away from: […] To make foods and liquids easier to swallow, try these tips. […] Let your cancer care team know if you have any of the following symptoms that might mean you have swallowing problems.

• #37 Dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing): Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/swallowing-problems

  Eat slowly. […] Cut food into small pieces and chew it thoroughly. Chew food until it becomes liquid in your mouth before swallowing. […] Don’t try to eat more than 1/2 teaspoon of food at a time. […] Swallowing […] You may need to swallow two or three times per bite or sip. […] If food or liquid catches in your throat, cough gently or clear your throat, and swallow again before taking a breath. Repeat if necessary. […] Concentrate on swallowing often. […] Saliva management […] Drink plenty of fluids. […] From time to time, suck on ice pops, ice chips, or lemon ice or drink lemon-flavored water to boost saliva production. That will increase swallowing frequency. […] Food consistency […] Avoid foods that are tough to chew. […] Puree food in a blender. […] If thin liquids make you cough, use a liquid thickener (your speech pathologist can recommend one). Substitute thicker liquids for thin ones, such as nectar for juice and cream soup for broth. […] Taking medications […] Crush pills and mix them with applesauce or pudding. […] Ask your pharmacist for their recommendations on which pills shouldn’t be crushed and which medications you can get in liquid form.

• #38 Reflux Testing and Treatment – Treatment for Dysphagia | Medtronic

  https://www.medtronic.com/en-us/l/patients/treatments-therapies/reflux-disease-testing-treatment/dysphagia/treatment-options.html

  Treatment for dysphagia will vary based on the cause of your swallowing problems. For dysphagia caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), treatment may focus on bringing your GERD symptoms under control while managing your dysphagia symptoms. […] If you’re having trouble swallowing, see your doctor as soon as possible to discuss treatment options. […] Recommended lifestyle changes for dysphagia may include: Eliminating alcohol and nicotine, Eating frequent smaller meals instead of three large meals, Following a soft food or liquid diet, Avoiding sticky foods like jam or peanut butter, Cutting foods into smaller pieces. […] Dysphagia can be a frightening condition, making it difficult to stay adequately nourished or hydrated and may also signal a more serious underlying condition, such as Barrett’s esophagus.

• #39 Dysphagia Treatment | Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist

  https://www.wakehealth.edu/treatment/d/dysphagia-treatment

  A modified diet means altering the texture of foods and liquids to make them easier and safer to swallow. […] You might need a modified diet if you have dysphagia, which is a swallowing disorder that can make it uncomfortable or unsafe for you to eat and drink. […] Dysphagia can cause malnutrition and pneumonia. […] Thickened liquids are modified with a special additive to make them safer to swallow. […] Thickener may be recommended to you because it helps your mouth and throat handle liquids more safely. The goal is to avoid having liquids enter your airway by accident when you swallow. Thickener can help accomplish this goal. […] If you have been diagnosed with head and neck cancer, there is a specialized treatment program available called the Chemoradiation Dysphagia Program.

• #40 Dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing): Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/swallowing-problems

  Eat slowly. […] Cut food into small pieces and chew it thoroughly. Chew food until it becomes liquid in your mouth before swallowing. […] Don’t try to eat more than 1/2 teaspoon of food at a time. […] Swallowing […] You may need to swallow two or three times per bite or sip. […] If food or liquid catches in your throat, cough gently or clear your throat, and swallow again before taking a breath. Repeat if necessary. […] Concentrate on swallowing often. […] Saliva management […] Drink plenty of fluids. […] From time to time, suck on ice pops, ice chips, or lemon ice or drink lemon-flavored water to boost saliva production. That will increase swallowing frequency. […] Food consistency […] Avoid foods that are tough to chew. […] Puree food in a blender. […] If thin liquids make you cough, use a liquid thickener (your speech pathologist can recommend one). Substitute thicker liquids for thin ones, such as nectar for juice and cream soup for broth. […] Taking medications […] Crush pills and mix them with applesauce or pudding. […] Ask your pharmacist for their recommendations on which pills shouldn’t be crushed and which medications you can get in liquid form.

• #41 Dysphagia Treatment | Atrium Health Wake Forest Baptist

  https://www.wakehealth.edu/treatment/d/dysphagia-treatment

  A modified diet means altering the texture of foods and liquids to make them easier and safer to swallow. […] You might need a modified diet if you have dysphagia, which is a swallowing disorder that can make it uncomfortable or unsafe for you to eat and drink. […] Dysphagia can cause malnutrition and pneumonia. […] Thickened liquids are modified with a special additive to make them safer to swallow. […] Thickener may be recommended to you because it helps your mouth and throat handle liquids more safely. The goal is to avoid having liquids enter your airway by accident when you swallow. Thickener can help accomplish this goal. […] If you have been diagnosed with head and neck cancer, there is a specialized treatment program available called the Chemoradiation Dysphagia Program.

• #42 Dysphagia Treatment | National Foundation of Swallowing Disorders – A community for those impacted by dysphagia

  https://swallowingdisorderfoundation.com/dysphagia-treatment/

  Simple posture changes, like tucking the chin or turning the head to one side, can assist in safely guiding food and liquids. These postural techniques are often taught by an SLP after a swallowing assessment and can make a noticeable difference for some patients. Behavioral modifications, like swallowing twice after each bite, can help increase safety and efficiency for some patients. […] Tools such as specially designed cups, straws, or utensils can facilitate safer eating and drinking. For instance, nosey cups have a cutout design that allows for easier drinking without tilting the head backward, which may be helpful for people with limited neck control. […] In cases where dysphagia is related to conditions like acid reflux or esophageal motility disorders, medication may help. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or other medications can manage acid reflux, which might alleviate swallowing issues by reducing esophageal irritation.

• #43 Difficulty Swallowing (Dysphagia): Causes, Types & Symptoms

  https://www.healthline.com/health/difficulty-in-swallowing

  There are many texture-modified foods for people with dysphagia. Because the consistencies of these foods vary so much, the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI) has created standardized worldwide terminology and definitions for texture-modified liquids and thickened foods. […] Dysphagia, the medical term for swallowing difficulty, can result from many different medical conditions or their treatments. It may be temporary or a lifelong condition. People with dysphagia need to eat foods that have been carefully prepared so as not to present choking hazards. These can be fresh foods made into soft or pureed textures and cut into small bites, or special foods like thickened liquids or texture-modified foods.

• #44 Dysphagia Treatment – Program in Physical Therapy

  https://pt.wustl.edu/patient-care/service-lines/multidisciplinary-services/dysphagia-treatment/

  There are many conditions that can cause dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing foods and liquids, such as stroke, brain or neck injury, Parkinsons Disease, dementia, multiple sclerosis, etc. […] Following a diagnosis of dysphagia through an instrumental swallow evaluation in speech therapy, treatment will begin with evidence based exercises, Vital Stim Therapy if indicated, and use of safe swallow strategies to facilitate improvement of the swallow function through the use of neuroplasticity principles. […] The patient and their family will be educated on the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI), predictors of aspiration pneumonia, and risk reduction strategies while prioritizing the patients preferences and values.

• #45 Dysphagia: Symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/177473

  Doctors will also aim to treat the underlying cause, if they identify one. This may involve: taking medications to manage chronic conditions and reduce their symptoms; adjusting a person’s existing medications if they are causing dysphagia; having surgery to address structural problems, such as dilation of a narrow esophagus or the removal of an obstruction; having cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy. […] If a person does not respond to treatment, they may need to use a feeding tube in order to avoid malnutrition or dehydration. A feeding tube delivers nutrition, hydration, and medication directly to a person’s stomach or intestines.

• #46 Dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing) | University of Michigan Health

  https://www.uofmhealth.org/conditions-treatments/digestive-and-liver-health/dysphagia-difficulty-swallowing

  Placement of a feeding tube either through the nose or through the skin, into the stomach or small intestines. […] Because our physicians are also conducting research, they are on the forefront of understanding dysphagia. We have active research programs in motility disorders of the esophagus, gastroesophageal reflux disease (which is associated with a number of the causes of dysphagia), and esophageal cancer. Patients who qualify can participate in clinical trials, allowing them access to the latest therapies available.

• #47 Dysphagia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Treatment, Dietary Modification

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2212409-treatment

  The effect of dysphagia on the patient’s nutritional status is profound. As the patient’s ability to swallow becomes impaired, adequate dietary intake becomes a challenge, and vice versa. Therefore, early detection and management of dysphagia are critical to halting malnutrition. […] Many commercial products are available to provide nutritional support. A patient’s protein and calorie intake can be enhanced not only with thickening agents but also with prethickened beverages, prepacked puree molds, oral liquid supplements, and modular components. […] In some patients, enteral feeding may be necessary in order to bypass the oral cavity and pharynx. […] Cricopharyngeal myotomy (CPM) is a procedure designed to decrease pressure on the pharyngoesophageal sphincter (PES) by incising the main muscular component of the PES. […] A tracheostomy tube worsens dysphagia by tethering the trachea to the skin and decreasing laryngeal elevation over time. […] Recovery from dysphagia is associated with increased pharyngeal representation in the brain, suggesting brain reorganization in recovery.

• #48 Swallowing Disorders | Condition | UT Southwestern Medical Center

  https://utswmed.org/conditions-treatments/swallowing-disorders/

  Voice care specialists at UT Southwestern Medical Center have extensive experience in evaluating and treating people with all types of swallowing disorders. Our multidisciplinary team provides comprehensive diagnostic and treatment services to restore the swallowing function and improve patients quality of life. […] Once we complete the evaluation, our team works with each patient to develop an individualized treatment plan that addresses each patients specific needs. For most patients, we begin with nonsurgical treatment options such as: […] VitalStim therapy, a noninvasive, painless treatment using electrical stimulation to strengthen the muscles used in swallowing. […] For patients who need additional treatment, we partner with other specialists to coordinate care that might include: […] Minimally invasive endoscopic procedures, such as esophageal dilation and trans-nasal esophagoscopy (TNE), to treat a wide range of esophageal conditions. […] Surgery to treat blockages, narrowed areas, or cancer in the esophagus.

• #49 Dysphagia Treatment | National Foundation of Swallowing Disorders – A community for those impacted by dysphagia

  https://swallowingdisorderfoundation.com/dysphagia-treatment/

  Some SLPs use neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) to stimulate and strengthen the muscles involved in swallowing. This therapy delivers small electrical currents to targeted muscles, aiming to improve coordination and muscle function over time. […] For patients with structural issues like a narrowing of the esophagus, surgical treatments might be necessary. Esophageal dilation can stretch and widen the esophagus, improving food passage. Other surgeries, such as myotomy (cutting certain muscles to improve swallowing), are sometimes recommended for certain neuromuscular causes of dysphagia. […] For those who cannot swallow safely even with other interventions, a feeding tube may be needed. Gastrostomy (G-tube) or jejunostomy (J-tube) tubes allow patients to receive nutrition directly into the stomach or small intestine, supporting their nutritional needs without the risk of aspiration.

• #50 Adult Dysphagia

  https://www.asha.org/practice-portal/clinical-topics/adult-dysphagia/?srsltid=AfmBOoqtPLIjr2ol2kteyRV6x-V2d_uMOxSRTdctNX6AaRHN-k3Mx1p4

  The primary goals of dysphagia intervention are to support adequate nutrition and hydration and return to oral intake (including incorporating the patients dietary preferences and consulting with family members/caregivers to ensure that the patients daily living activities are being considered); determine the optimum supports (e.g., posture, or assistance) to reduce patient and caregiver burden while maximizing the patients quality of life; and develop a treatment plan to improve the safety and efficiency of the swallow. […] Treatment of dysphagia may include restoration of normal swallow function (rehabilitative) and/or modifications to diet consistency and patient behavior (compensatory). […] Rehabilitative techniques, such as exercises, are designed to create lasting change in an individuals swallowing over time by improving underlying physiological function.

• #51 Dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing): What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/21195-dysphagia-difficulty-swallowing

  Dysphagia or difficulty swallowing is a symptom of many different medical conditions. Treatment for swallowing issues may include medications, changes to your eating habits and, sometimes, procedures. […] A specialist in swallowing disorders called a speech-language pathologist (SLP) can assess your ability to swallow and provide treatment if there’s a risk. […] Treatment for dysphagia depends on what’s causing it and how severe it is. Your treatment might include: Medication: Your healthcare provider may prescribe antimicrobials to treat infections (usually caused by viruses or fungi) causing dysphagia. Treatment for GERD includes drugs to control acid reflux. […] Many people find rehabilitation helpful. An SLP can teach you exercises to strengthen your swallowing muscles. […] Dysphagia can lead to serious health issues and even be fatal without treatment. Risks include: Dehydration. Malnutrition. Choking. Silent aspiration and aspiration pneumonia.

• #52 Dysphagia: Symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/177473

  Doctors will also aim to treat the underlying cause, if they identify one. This may involve: taking medications to manage chronic conditions and reduce their symptoms; adjusting a person’s existing medications if they are causing dysphagia; having surgery to address structural problems, such as dilation of a narrow esophagus or the removal of an obstruction; having cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy. […] If a person does not respond to treatment, they may need to use a feeding tube in order to avoid malnutrition or dehydration. A feeding tube delivers nutrition, hydration, and medication directly to a person’s stomach or intestines.

• #53 Dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing): What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/21195-dysphagia-difficulty-swallowing

  Dysphagia or difficulty swallowing is a symptom of many different medical conditions. Treatment for swallowing issues may include medications, changes to your eating habits and, sometimes, procedures. […] A specialist in swallowing disorders called a speech-language pathologist (SLP) can assess your ability to swallow and provide treatment if there’s a risk. […] Treatment for dysphagia depends on what’s causing it and how severe it is. Your treatment might include: Medication: Your healthcare provider may prescribe antimicrobials to treat infections (usually caused by viruses or fungi) causing dysphagia. Treatment for GERD includes drugs to control acid reflux. […] Many people find rehabilitation helpful. An SLP can teach you exercises to strengthen your swallowing muscles. […] Dysphagia can lead to serious health issues and even be fatal without treatment. Risks include: Dehydration. Malnutrition. Choking. Silent aspiration and aspiration pneumonia.

• #54 Dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing): What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/21195-dysphagia-difficulty-swallowing

  Dysphagia or difficulty swallowing is a symptom of many different medical conditions. Treatment for swallowing issues may include medications, changes to your eating habits and, sometimes, procedures. […] A specialist in swallowing disorders called a speech-language pathologist (SLP) can assess your ability to swallow and provide treatment if there’s a risk. […] Treatment for dysphagia depends on what’s causing it and how severe it is. Your treatment might include: Medication: Your healthcare provider may prescribe antimicrobials to treat infections (usually caused by viruses or fungi) causing dysphagia. Treatment for GERD includes drugs to control acid reflux. […] Many people find rehabilitation helpful. An SLP can teach you exercises to strengthen your swallowing muscles. […] Dysphagia can lead to serious health issues and even be fatal without treatment. Risks include: Dehydration. Malnutrition. Choking. Silent aspiration and aspiration pneumonia.

• #55

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?Hwid=tp23477spec

  Surgery. If you have something blocking your esophagus (such as a tumour or diverticula), you may need surgery to remove it. Surgery is also sometimes used in people who have a problem that affects the lower esophageal muscle (achalasia). […] Medicines. If you have dysphagia related to GERD, heartburn, or esophagitis, prescription medicines may help prevent stomach acid from entering your esophagus. Infections in your esophagus are often treated with antibiotic medicines. […] In rare cases, a person who has severe dysphagia may need a feeding tube because he or she is not able to get enough food and liquids.

• #56 Advances in the Treatment of Dysphagia in Neurological Disorders: A Review of Current Evidence and Future Considerations

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9578488/

  Taken together, modifications of bolus texture and feeding posture may improve swallowing safety, but these strategies may be accompanied by drawbacks including increased pharyngeal residue and risk of dehydration and associated complications. […] The latest European Stroke Organization and European Society for Swallowing Disorders guideline recommended that, in patients with post-stroke dysphagia, texture-modified diets and/or thickened liquids should be prescribed only based on an appropriate assessment of swallowing, and with constant monitoring of fluid balance and nutritional intake. […] The use of pharmacological treatments for dysphagia is an understudied area but has received growing interest recently. […] The therapeutic application of neuromodulation techniques for neurogenic dysphagia has gained a lot of attention over the past two decades.

• #57 Dysphagia Treatment That May Ease Swallowing | Colgate®

  https://www.colgate.com/en-us/oral-health/adult-oral-care/dysphagia-treatment-ease-swallowing

  Rehabilitation therapy might be all some patients need to successfully treat swallowing issues but sometimes – namely with esophageal dysphagia – patients may require medical or surgical treatment. Medical treatment can include taking antacids or other medications to control GERD symptoms. If dysphagia is due to salivary control problems or thickened saliva, a medical professional may prescribe medications to manage saliva. […] […] If the swallowing issue is due to a narrow esophagus or a tight muscle in the esophagus, a medical professional may recommend a surgical procedure called myotomy. In this procedure, a surgeon cuts the lower esophageal sphincter muscles, allowing food to travel more easily from the esophagus to the stomach. […] […] Swallowing problems can sometimes be related to dental issues, such as difficulty swallowing with dentures or trouble swallowing after dental work. Although practicing good oral care won’t directly relieve dysphagia, it’s crucial to preventing and minimizing swallowing issues. Brush twice daily with fluoride toothpaste, floss daily in between teeth with a water flosser or other interdental cleaning device. […] […] If you’re experiencing any swallowing issues, reach out to your dental professional to identify possible causes and treatment options – and to get back to a healthier mouth and body.

• #58 Dysphagia | Stanford Health Care

  https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-conditions/digestion-and-metabolic-health/dysphagia.html

  Our doctors have decades of experience helping people find relief from dysphagia symptoms. […] Your doctor can develop a comprehensive treatment plan that addresses your unique medical needs while helping your body heal. […] Depending on your needs, your care plan may include one of the following treatments: […] Our goal is to provide the least invasive treatment possible to improve your quality of life. […] Our dietitians identify healthy dietary changes, including nutrition supplements, to ensure that you receive adequate nutrients each day. […] Endoscopic procedures are a mainstay of dysphagia treatment. […] Through this approach, we use minimally invasive procedures to correct structural problems in your esophagus, like narrowed areas (strictures), and take tissue samples (biopsy) if needed.

• #59 Trouble Swallowing, Mankato – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/locations/mankato/services-and-treatments/otorhinolaryngology/throat-conditions-and-treatment/trouble-swallowing

  Trouble swallowing (dysphagia) means it takes more time and effort to move food or liquid from your mouth to your stomach. Having trouble swallowing may also be associated with pain. In some cases, swallowing may be impossible. […] Treatment for dysphagia depends on the type or cause of your swallowing disorder. […] For oropharyngeal dysphagia, your doctor may refer you to a speech or swallowing therapist, and therapy may include: Learning exercises. Certain exercises may help coordinate your swallowing muscles or restimulate the nerves that trigger the swallowing reflex. Learning swallowing techniques. You may also learn ways to place food in your mouth or to position your body and head to help you swallow. […] Treatment approaches for esophageal dysphagia may include: Esophageal dilation. Our ENT specialists may use an endoscope with a special balloon attached to gently stretch and expand the width of your esophagus or pass a flexible tube or tubes to stretch the esophagus (dilation). Surgery. You may need surgery to clear your esophageal path. Medications. Difficulty swallowing associated with GERD can be treated with prescription oral medications to reduce stomach acid. You may need to take these medications for an extended period. […] Whether you have oropharyngeal or esophageal dysphagia, our ENT specialists partner with Gastroenterology and Speech/Swallow Therapy teams to deliver the comprehensive care you need close to home.

• #60 Dysphagia: Treat Your Swallowing Problems | UVA Health

  https://uvahealth.com/services/gastro/dysphagia

  Nonsurgical treatments include progressive dilatation a process by which your doctor slowly stretches your esophagus. […] In some cases, surgery can ease pressure from tight muscles, remove a blockage in your esophagus, place a stent (a tiny tube that holds your esophagus open), or place a feeding tube.

• #61 Dysphagia (swallowing problems) | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/dysphagia-swallowing-problems/

  Dysphagia is the medical term for swallowing difficulties. […] Treatment usually depends on the cause and type of dysphagia. The type of dysphagia you have can usually be diagnosed after testing your swallowing ability and examining your oesophagus. […] Many cases of dysphagia can be improved with treatment, but a cure isn’t always possible. Treatments for dysphagia include: speech and language therapy to learn new swallowing techniques, changing the consistency of food and liquids to make them safer to swallow, alternative forms of feeding, such as tube feeding through the nose or stomach, surgery to widen the narrowing of the oesophagus by stretching it or inserting a plastic or metal tube (known as a stent). […] Most swallowing problems can be treated, although the treatment you receive will depend on the type of dysphagia you have.

• #62 Dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing) | University of Michigan Health

  https://www.uofmhealth.org/conditions-treatments/digestive-and-liver-health/dysphagia-difficulty-swallowing

  Dysphagia means difficulty swallowing food or liquids. […] At the University of Michigans Esophageal Disorders Program, our dedicated, multidisciplinary team has broad experience diagnosis and treating dysphagia, with comprehensive diagnostic testing and a robust clinical research program. […] There are a variety of treatments for dysphagia, depending on the exact diagnosis: Dilation (stretching the esophagus open) at the time of an endoscopy. Medications (either taken by mouth or injected into the esophagus at the time of an endoscopy) Modification of the diet (either removing particular kinds of foods or altering the consistency of foods and drinks). […] swallowing therapy (exercises and learning swallowing techniques) with speech pathology specialists. […] Surgery. […] Placement of a stent (like a large straw) in the esophagus to allow eating foods of pureed consistency.

• #63 Dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing): Causes and Treatments – BuzzRx

  https://www.buzzrx.com/blog/dysphagia-difficulty-swallowing

  Injection of onabotulinumtoxinA (brand name: Botox) into an esophageal sphincter can help to relax this muscle and relieve swallowing problems caused by achalasia. This treatment needs to be repeated every 3-4 months. More research is needed on its effectiveness in treating dysphagia. […] Surgery may be performed to remove an esophageal tumor or treat achalasia or Zenker diverticulum. Your healthcare team might also recommend surgical procedures to treat swallowing problems caused by a narrowing or blockage in the esophagus or GERD. […] In people with severe or profound dysphagia, a feeding tube is needed to maintain nutrition. A feeding tube such as percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) bypasses the esophagus and provides nutrition directly into the stomach without the need to swallow. […] Its important to get a proper diagnosis and find out the reason for your swallowing problems. Once you know what is causing your swallowing disorder, your healthcare provider will prescribe the appropriate treatment for dysphagia.

• #64 Difficulty Swallowing (Dysphagia): Types, Causes & Treatment

  https://www.hoag.org/specialties-services/digestive-health/diseases-conditions/dysphagia/

  Dysphagia is medical condition characterized by difficulty swallowing. […] In severe cases, those with chronic swallowing difficulties may not be able to take in enough food or liquid to keep their body nourished and hydrated. […] Dysphagia is usually caused by a medical condition that impacts the nerves and/or muscles of the mouth, tongue, throat or esophagus. […] Treatment for dysphagia depends on whats causing it and how severe it is. This may include: […] Swallowing therapy, usually guided by a speech-language pathologist or speech therapist, which may include swallowing exercises to help build strength in the tongue and throat. […] Installing a feeding tube to provide fluids and supplemental nourishment. […] Surgery to widen your esophagus. […] Injections to relax the muscles in your esophagus and allow food and drink to reach the stomach.

• #65 Dysphagia: Individualized treatment for people with swallowing disorders | Patient Care

  https://weillcornell.org/news/dysphagia-individualized-treatment-for-people-with-swallowing-disorders

  A therapy plan may include targeted swallowing exercises that also need to be completed daily at home, like physical therapy exercises. […] Avoiding certain foods and even finding a different way to position the head can make a big difference, she continues. […] Sometimes, surgery is warranted, but the good news is that many procedures can be performed in the doctors office without general anesthesia. […] Older patients in particular may do well with vocal fold medializationa procedure that pushes the folds towards each other, allowing them to close during voicing and swallowing. […] If you experience difficulty swallowing, there are many ways to improve or even restore that most natural of functions, and your quality of life.

• #66 Reflux Testing and Treatment – Treatment for Dysphagia | Medtronic

  https://www.medtronic.com/en-us/l/patients/treatments-therapies/reflux-disease-testing-treatment/dysphagia/treatment-options.html

  Esophageal dilation: If you have scar tissue buildup from GERD in your esophagus that is causing your difficulties swallowing, your doctor may recommend esophageal dilation. In this procedure, an endoscope with a small balloon attached is inserted into your esophagus. The balloon is inflated to gently stretch your esophagus. […] Surgery: For severe cases of dysphagia that are unresponsive to lifestyle changes, surgery may be necessary. Some surgical procedures used to treat GERD can also improve or eliminate dysphagia symptoms. […] You should talk to your doctor to discuss the treatment options that are appropriate for you.

• #67 Swallowing Disorder Treatment | The University of Kansas Health System

  https://www.kansashealthsystem.com/care/treatments/swallowing-disorder-treatment

  Swallowing therapy can be used to retrain the muscles in the mouth, throat and esophagus to improve a patients ability to swallow. These retraining exercises can be used in conjunction with dietary changes. […] Conditions such as achalasia can also be treated through endoscopic surgical procedures such as POEM, in which surgeons cut the muscle near the lower esophageal sphincter to allow normal swallowing. […] Getting treatment for your swallowing disorder can increase functional and safe feeding and swallowing skills. This may improve nutrition, your quality of life and your independence. […] For those receiving swallowing therapy, specific exercises must be learned then practiced regularly to see improvement.

• #68 New Treatment Option for Dysphagia at Community Medical Center

  https://www.rwjbh.org/blog/2024/april/new-surgical-treatment-option-for-dysphagia-offe/

  Difficulty swallowing, or dysphagia, can seriously affect a persons quality of life. […] Thanks to a new, minimally invasive surgical approach performed by Nisarg Mehta, DO, a surgeon at Community Medical Center in Toms River, an RWJBarnabas Health facility, patients now have surgical treatment options with faster recoveries and less chance of their symptoms returning. […] Zenkers diverticulum (ZD) is a sac-like pouch that can form in a patients esophagus when muscle between the lower part of the throat and the top of the esophagus spasms and does not relax when swallowing. ZD minimizes a persons ability to swallow, greatly affecting their quality of life. […] Instead of the traditional open surgery, which requires an incision in the neck, Dr. Mehta chose to use a recently developed approach, Zenkers Per Oral Endoscopic Myotomy.

• #69 Swallowing Disorder Treatment | The University of Kansas Health System

  https://www.kansashealthsystem.com/care/treatments/swallowing-disorder-treatment

  Swallowing therapy can be used to retrain the muscles in the mouth, throat and esophagus to improve a patients ability to swallow. These retraining exercises can be used in conjunction with dietary changes. […] Conditions such as achalasia can also be treated through endoscopic surgical procedures such as POEM, in which surgeons cut the muscle near the lower esophageal sphincter to allow normal swallowing. […] Getting treatment for your swallowing disorder can increase functional and safe feeding and swallowing skills. This may improve nutrition, your quality of life and your independence. […] For those receiving swallowing therapy, specific exercises must be learned then practiced regularly to see improvement.

• #70

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?Hwid=tp23477spec

  Your treatment will depend on what is causing your dysphagia. Treatment for dysphagia includes: […] Exercises for your swallowing muscles. If you have a problem with your brain, nerves, or muscles, you may need to do exercises to train your muscles to work together to help you swallow. You may also need to learn how to position your body or how to put food in your mouth to be able to swallow better. […] Changing the foods you eat. Your doctor may tell you to eat certain foods and liquids to make swallowing easier. […] Dilation. In this treatment, a device is placed down your esophagus to carefully expand any narrow areas of your esophagus. You may need to have the treatment more than once. […] Endoscopy. In some cases, a long, thin scope can be used to remove an object that is stuck in your esophagus.

• #71 Dysphagia: Treat Your Swallowing Problems | UVA Health

  https://uvahealth.com/services/gastro/dysphagia

  Nonsurgical treatments include progressive dilatation a process by which your doctor slowly stretches your esophagus. […] In some cases, surgery can ease pressure from tight muscles, remove a blockage in your esophagus, place a stent (a tiny tube that holds your esophagus open), or place a feeding tube.

• #72 New Treatment Option for Dysphagia at Community Medical Center

  https://www.rwjbh.org/blog/2024/april/new-surgical-treatment-option-for-dysphagia-offe/

  Difficulty swallowing, or dysphagia, can seriously affect a persons quality of life. […] Thanks to a new, minimally invasive surgical approach performed by Nisarg Mehta, DO, a surgeon at Community Medical Center in Toms River, an RWJBarnabas Health facility, patients now have surgical treatment options with faster recoveries and less chance of their symptoms returning. […] Zenkers diverticulum (ZD) is a sac-like pouch that can form in a patients esophagus when muscle between the lower part of the throat and the top of the esophagus spasms and does not relax when swallowing. ZD minimizes a persons ability to swallow, greatly affecting their quality of life. […] Instead of the traditional open surgery, which requires an incision in the neck, Dr. Mehta chose to use a recently developed approach, Zenkers Per Oral Endoscopic Myotomy.

• #73 Dysphagia: Treat Your Swallowing Problems | UVA Health

  https://uvahealth.com/services/gastro/dysphagia

  Nonsurgical treatments include progressive dilatation a process by which your doctor slowly stretches your esophagus. […] In some cases, surgery can ease pressure from tight muscles, remove a blockage in your esophagus, place a stent (a tiny tube that holds your esophagus open), or place a feeding tube.

• #74 Advances in the Treatment of Dysphagia in Neurological Disorders: A Review of Current Evidence and Future Considerations

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9578488/

  The first type of soft robot is typically built with soft materials that are biologically compatible such that they can be used as implants. Such an approach shows potential in the management of swallowing and voice impairments in patients following total laryngectomies, which is a surgical procedure that removes the entire larynx. […] In this review, we have discussed both traditional and more novel dysphagia treatments that have been introduced in the past two decades. In general, the quality of evidence that supports the use of these newer treatments is at least comparable if not better than traditional treatments as their clinical efficacy is evaluated by randomized controlled trials in patients with neurogenic (mainly stroke) dysphagia. Nonetheless, there are several critical issues, including heterogeneity in treatment regimens, long-term treatment effects, underlying mechanisms of some neuromodulation treatments, and the effects of these techniques in non-stroke dysphagia, that remain to be addressed in future well-designed clinical trials.

• #75 Treatment Option for Dysphagia – ASC Blog

  https://www.asccare.com/treatment-option-for-dysphagia/

  The medical term for difficulty swallowing is called dysphagia. Swallowing problems in the elderly is common due to the weakening of throat muscles. The condition easily worsens and can lead to a dysphagia diet that includes only pureed foods and thickened liquids. […] If you experience symptoms on a regular basis like pain while swallowing or not being able to swallow, feeling as though food is getting stuck in your throat, chest or behind your breastbone, coughing or gagging while swallowing, hoarseness or frequent heartburn, it’s important to see your doctor and seek some treatment options for dysphagia. Difficulty swallowing can lead to malnutrition and dehydration as well as respiratory problems. […] A treatment option for dysphagia is neuro-muscular electrical stimulation therapy, which involves using electrical impulses to strengthen the throat muscles.

• #76 Dysphagia Treatment | Good Shepherd Rehabilitation — Where Potential Becomes Reality

  https://www.goodshepherdrehab.org/service/dysphagia-treatment/

  Dysphagia is an impairment in the oral and/or pharyngeal stage of the swallow. […] Good Shepherd’s expert speech language pathologists offer swallowing therapy for patients with dysphagia. Our speech language pathologists are specially trained to work with people with eating or swallowing difficulties. […] Speech language pathologists use a range of techniques that can be tailored for your specific problem, such as teaching you swallowing exercises. […] Good Shepherd’s speech language pathologists are certified to practice swallowing therapy using VitalStim® technology. This neuromuscular electrical stimulation therapy, approved by the FDA, is used for patients with swallowing disorders, otherwise known as oral pharyngeal dysphagia. VitalStim® is designed as a complimentary treatment modality to strengthen and retrain the swallowing mechanism. The ultimate goal is to resume oral intake at the least restrictive diet level.

• #77 Treatment Option for Dysphagia – ASC Blog

  https://www.asccare.com/treatment-option-for-dysphagia/

  Neuromuscular electrical stimulation is a safe and effective treatment for people suffering with difficulty swallowing. The treatment is a non-invasive, external electrical stimulation therapy that helps the muscles used to swallow function. […] To treat dysphagia, several American Senior Communities locations use the VitalStim Therapy System, which was approved as a neuro-muscular stimulation therapy system by the Food and Drug Administration. […] Treatment may be covered by Medicare, Medicaid and some private insurance. The therapy is provided through the facility’s Moving Forward Rehabilitation program.

• #78 New treatment for swallowing problems after stroke and brain injury | University of Manchester

  https://www.bmh.manchester.ac.uk/stories/new-treatment-swallowing-problems/

  Electrical stimulation is now being used to help people with swallowing difficulties following a stroke or brain injury, following research from The University of Manchester and Phagenesis Ltd. […] We showed that electrical stimulation of the pharynx in the throat improves swallowing. […] Research from The University of Manchester and the University spin-out company Phagenesis Ltd discovered that electrical stimulation of the pharynx (an area of the throat) could stimulate areas of the brain involved in swallowing and improve the ability to swallow. […] Using this knowledge, the team developed a device called Phagenyx that uses pharyngeal electrical stimulation (PES) to treat the cause of dysphagia. […] In multiple clinical trials, the team showed that PES using Phagenyx significantly improved swallowing, firstly in stroke patients in 2018 (the PHAST-TRAC trial) then in other neurological disorders or brain injuries in 2020 (the PHADER trial).

• #79 New treatment for swallowing problems after stroke and brain injury | University of Manchester

  https://www.bmh.manchester.ac.uk/stories/new-treatment-swallowing-problems/

  Electrical stimulation is now being used to help people with swallowing difficulties following a stroke or brain injury, following research from The University of Manchester and Phagenesis Ltd. […] We showed that electrical stimulation of the pharynx in the throat improves swallowing. […] Research from The University of Manchester and the University spin-out company Phagenesis Ltd discovered that electrical stimulation of the pharynx (an area of the throat) could stimulate areas of the brain involved in swallowing and improve the ability to swallow. […] Using this knowledge, the team developed a device called Phagenyx that uses pharyngeal electrical stimulation (PES) to treat the cause of dysphagia. […] In multiple clinical trials, the team showed that PES using Phagenyx significantly improved swallowing, firstly in stroke patients in 2018 (the PHAST-TRAC trial) then in other neurological disorders or brain injuries in 2020 (the PHADER trial).

• #80 New treatment for swallowing problems after stroke and brain injury | University of Manchester

  https://www.bmh.manchester.ac.uk/stories/new-treatment-swallowing-problems/

  The PHADER study found that treatment with Phagenyx helped restore neurological control of swallowing, meaning that patients could swallow more safely, eat more varied foods, have feeding tubes removed and be discharged from hospital earlier. […] The Phagenyx device is now commercially available and in use throughout the UK and Europe, benefiting thousands of people living with swallowing difficulties. […] In April 2023, the Royal College of Physicians updated their National Clinical Guideline for Stroke for the UK and Ireland, recommending that PES may be considered for patients with tracheostomy and severe dysphagia after stroke to aid decannulation (removal of tracheostomy tube). […] In 2022, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of Phagenyx to restore swallowing control in patients with severe dysphagia following stroke. […] We have seen great results with the very first patients. It will be a valuable tool in improving the quality of care for our stroke patients who face swallowing problems.

• #81 Adult Dysphagia

  https://www.asha.org/practice-portal/clinical-topics/adult-dysphagia/?srsltid=AfmBOoqtPLIjr2ol2kteyRV6x-V2d_uMOxSRTdctNX6AaRHN-k3Mx1p4

  Compensatory techniques alter the swallow when used but do not create lasting functional change. […] Treatment options for patients with dysphagia are selected on the basis of evidence-based practice, which includes a combination of the best available internal and external evidence. […] Biofeedback incorporates the patients ability to sense changes and aids in the treatment of feeding or swallowing disorders. […] Modifications to diet texture may include changing the viscosity of liquids and/or altering the texture of solid foods using standardized criteria. […] Patients may benefit from the use of adaptive equipment or environmental modifications to more effectively manage the bolus. […] Maneuvers are specific strategies that clinicians use to change the timing or strength of particular movements of swallowing.

• #82 Dysphagia Treatment – Program in Physical Therapy

  https://pt.wustl.edu/patient-care/service-lines/multidisciplinary-services/dysphagia-treatment/

  There are many conditions that can cause dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing foods and liquids, such as stroke, brain or neck injury, Parkinsons Disease, dementia, multiple sclerosis, etc. […] Following a diagnosis of dysphagia through an instrumental swallow evaluation in speech therapy, treatment will begin with evidence based exercises, Vital Stim Therapy if indicated, and use of safe swallow strategies to facilitate improvement of the swallow function through the use of neuroplasticity principles. […] The patient and their family will be educated on the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI), predictors of aspiration pneumonia, and risk reduction strategies while prioritizing the patients preferences and values.

• #83 Dysphagia Treatment – Choosing the Right Approach

  https://tactustherapy.com/choosing-dysphagia-treatment/

  If you’re doing an instrumental assessment to better understand the problem, it’s also a great time to try to figure out the solution. […] The Mendelsohn maneuver, an exercise to squeeze the muscles of the throat to keep the larynx elevated longer, is a difficult maneuver to execute and to teach. […] During the MBSImP training, Dr. Bonnie Martin Harris noted that using nectar thick liquids during a modified barium swallow study could be beneficial to increase movement of the pharyngeal structures. […] Dr. Jeri Logemann stated decades ago that objective studies need to quantify effects of treatment on particular types of patients and that anatomy and physiology of each patient should be documented when determining an appropriate treatment plan. […] By combining our knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the normal and disordered swallow with our understanding of the treatment options supported by research, we can select the best treatments to try with our patients. […] To make life a little easier, you can now reference critical information about swallowing anatomy and treatments in the palm of your hand with the Dysphagia Therapy app for clinicians, with the popular Therapy Finder.

• #84 Dysphagia Treatment – Choosing the Right Approach

  https://tactustherapy.com/choosing-dysphagia-treatment/

  If you’re doing an instrumental assessment to better understand the problem, it’s also a great time to try to figure out the solution. […] The Mendelsohn maneuver, an exercise to squeeze the muscles of the throat to keep the larynx elevated longer, is a difficult maneuver to execute and to teach. […] During the MBSImP training, Dr. Bonnie Martin Harris noted that using nectar thick liquids during a modified barium swallow study could be beneficial to increase movement of the pharyngeal structures. […] Dr. Jeri Logemann stated decades ago that objective studies need to quantify effects of treatment on particular types of patients and that anatomy and physiology of each patient should be documented when determining an appropriate treatment plan. […] By combining our knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the normal and disordered swallow with our understanding of the treatment options supported by research, we can select the best treatments to try with our patients. […] To make life a little easier, you can now reference critical information about swallowing anatomy and treatments in the palm of your hand with the Dysphagia Therapy app for clinicians, with the popular Therapy Finder.

• #85 Advances in the Treatment of Dysphagia in Neurological Disorders: A Review of Current Evidence and Future Considerations

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9578488/

  The first type of soft robot is typically built with soft materials that are biologically compatible such that they can be used as implants. Such an approach shows potential in the management of swallowing and voice impairments in patients following total laryngectomies, which is a surgical procedure that removes the entire larynx. […] In this review, we have discussed both traditional and more novel dysphagia treatments that have been introduced in the past two decades. In general, the quality of evidence that supports the use of these newer treatments is at least comparable if not better than traditional treatments as their clinical efficacy is evaluated by randomized controlled trials in patients with neurogenic (mainly stroke) dysphagia. Nonetheless, there are several critical issues, including heterogeneity in treatment regimens, long-term treatment effects, underlying mechanisms of some neuromodulation treatments, and the effects of these techniques in non-stroke dysphagia, that remain to be addressed in future well-designed clinical trials.

• #86 Advances in the Treatment of Dysphagia in Neurological Disorders: A Review of Current Evidence and Future Considerations

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9578488/

  The first type of soft robot is typically built with soft materials that are biologically compatible such that they can be used as implants. Such an approach shows potential in the management of swallowing and voice impairments in patients following total laryngectomies, which is a surgical procedure that removes the entire larynx. […] In this review, we have discussed both traditional and more novel dysphagia treatments that have been introduced in the past two decades. In general, the quality of evidence that supports the use of these newer treatments is at least comparable if not better than traditional treatments as their clinical efficacy is evaluated by randomized controlled trials in patients with neurogenic (mainly stroke) dysphagia. Nonetheless, there are several critical issues, including heterogeneity in treatment regimens, long-term treatment effects, underlying mechanisms of some neuromodulation treatments, and the effects of these techniques in non-stroke dysphagia, that remain to be addressed in future well-designed clinical trials.

• #87 Dysphagia: Four Helpful Treatments

  https://www.gastrodoxs.com/blog/dysphagia-four-helpful-treatments

  Some people with dysphagia benefit from a few dietary tweaks. […] Difficulty swallowing sometimes results from gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). […] If you or a loved one is suffering from dysphagia, contact our friendly staff at GastroDoxs for evaluation and treatment. […] The best treatment depends on the cause but may include swallowing therapy, dietary modifications, esophageal dilation, or surgical intervention for severe cases. […] A dysphagia treatment program involves swallowing exercises, dietary adjustments, speech therapy, and sometimes medical interventions to improve swallowing function. […] Rehabilitative treatments include the Mendelsohn maneuver, Shaker exercises, tongue-strengthening exercises, and neuromuscular electrical stimulation to improve swallowing ability. […] New treatments include robotic-assisted therapy, electrical stimulation, regenerative medicine using stem cells, and innovative surgical techniques to restore swallowing function.

• #88 Advances in the Treatment of Dysphagia in Neurological Disorders: A Review of Current Evidence and Future Considerations

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9578488/

  The first type of soft robot is typically built with soft materials that are biologically compatible such that they can be used as implants. Such an approach shows potential in the management of swallowing and voice impairments in patients following total laryngectomies, which is a surgical procedure that removes the entire larynx. […] In this review, we have discussed both traditional and more novel dysphagia treatments that have been introduced in the past two decades. In general, the quality of evidence that supports the use of these newer treatments is at least comparable if not better than traditional treatments as their clinical efficacy is evaluated by randomized controlled trials in patients with neurogenic (mainly stroke) dysphagia. Nonetheless, there are several critical issues, including heterogeneity in treatment regimens, long-term treatment effects, underlying mechanisms of some neuromodulation treatments, and the effects of these techniques in non-stroke dysphagia, that remain to be addressed in future well-designed clinical trials.

• #89 Dysphagia: Individualized treatment for people with swallowing disorders | Patient Care

  https://weillcornell.org/news/dysphagia-individualized-treatment-for-people-with-swallowing-disorders

  Dysphagia can occur in patients across the lifespan, from infancy to old age, says Dr. Anas Rameau, an attending laryngologist at the Sean Parker Institute and an Assistant Professor of Otolaryngology at Weill Cornell Medicine. Its causes can be neurodegenerativeas in Parkinsons or Alzheimers diseaseanatomical, medication-related or resulting from an injury or infection, among other etiologies. […] Swallowing specialists use a wide range of methods and technologies to evaluate patients with dysphagia. From specialized X-rays to endoscopy and tests that visualize swallowing in real time, diagnosing the problem and its source has become far easier and more targeted in recent years. […] More often than not, you may undergo swallow therapy with a speech pathologist like Ms. Mocchetti. […] While there is no one size fits all treatment for dysphagia, many patients respond favorably to swallow therapy.

• #90 Diagnosis and Treatment of Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia) in Acute-Care Stroke Patients: Summary – AHRQ Evidence Report Summaries – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK11901/

  This study was conducted by ECRI investigators to evaluate methods for diagnosing and treating swallowing disorders (dysphagia) in older Americans. […] The available evidence further defined the scope of this study. […] For the second goal of the report, investigators present their recommendations for conducting a clinical trial. […] Patients with dysphagia are often at increased risk for developing other medical conditions. […] Formal diagnosis of oropharyngeal dysphagia is usually carried out using a full bedside exam or videofluoroscopy (also called the modified barium swallow, or MBS), but other diagnostic methods are available, including several variants of fiberoptic endoscopy. Common treatments include both noninvasive therapies (such as diet modification and swallow therapy) and invasive therapies, such as percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG).

• #91 Diagnosis and Treatment of Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia) in Acute-Care Stroke Patients: Summary – AHRQ Evidence Report Summaries – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK11901/

  Current evidence suggests that a systematic program of diagnosis and treatment of dysphagia in an acute stroke management plan may yield dramatic reductions in pneumonia rates. […] Despite the sparse available data, it seems prudent to include dysphagia-specific management with formal diagnosis and treatment as part of the standard protocol of stroke management in the acute care setting. […] Most study designs used in the evaluation of noninvasive therapy have made it impossible to assess the effectiveness of individual treatments. […] The results of a single RCT supported the use of a soft mechanical diet over a pureed diet for preventing aspiration pneumonia in stroke patients with dysphagia who had a history of aspiration pneumonia. […] Research in the areas of diagnosis and treatment of dysphagia in neurologic patients has thus far largely focused on stroke patients, who comprise the largest proportion of patients with dysphagia, and has mostly been conducted as case reports and small case series. […] Because of the shortcomings in available research, a multi-armed, randomized trial to evaluate the efficacy of different dysphagia management programs is needed.

• #92 Diagnosis and Treatment of Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia) in Acute-Care Stroke Patients: Summary – AHRQ Evidence Report Summaries – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK11901/

  Current evidence suggests that a systematic program of diagnosis and treatment of dysphagia in an acute stroke management plan may yield dramatic reductions in pneumonia rates. […] Despite the sparse available data, it seems prudent to include dysphagia-specific management with formal diagnosis and treatment as part of the standard protocol of stroke management in the acute care setting. […] Most study designs used in the evaluation of noninvasive therapy have made it impossible to assess the effectiveness of individual treatments. […] The results of a single RCT supported the use of a soft mechanical diet over a pureed diet for preventing aspiration pneumonia in stroke patients with dysphagia who had a history of aspiration pneumonia. […] Research in the areas of diagnosis and treatment of dysphagia in neurologic patients has thus far largely focused on stroke patients, who comprise the largest proportion of patients with dysphagia, and has mostly been conducted as case reports and small case series. […] Because of the shortcomings in available research, a multi-armed, randomized trial to evaluate the efficacy of different dysphagia management programs is needed.

• #93 New treatment for swallowing problems after stroke and brain injury | University of Manchester

  https://www.bmh.manchester.ac.uk/stories/new-treatment-swallowing-problems/

  The PHADER study found that treatment with Phagenyx helped restore neurological control of swallowing, meaning that patients could swallow more safely, eat more varied foods, have feeding tubes removed and be discharged from hospital earlier. […] The Phagenyx device is now commercially available and in use throughout the UK and Europe, benefiting thousands of people living with swallowing difficulties. […] In April 2023, the Royal College of Physicians updated their National Clinical Guideline for Stroke for the UK and Ireland, recommending that PES may be considered for patients with tracheostomy and severe dysphagia after stroke to aid decannulation (removal of tracheostomy tube). […] In 2022, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of Phagenyx to restore swallowing control in patients with severe dysphagia following stroke. […] We have seen great results with the very first patients. It will be a valuable tool in improving the quality of care for our stroke patients who face swallowing problems.

• #94 Dysphagia: Individualized treatment for people with swallowing disorders | Patient Care

  https://weillcornell.org/news/dysphagia-individualized-treatment-for-people-with-swallowing-disorders

  Dysphagia can occur in patients across the lifespan, from infancy to old age, says Dr. Anas Rameau, an attending laryngologist at the Sean Parker Institute and an Assistant Professor of Otolaryngology at Weill Cornell Medicine. Its causes can be neurodegenerativeas in Parkinsons or Alzheimers diseaseanatomical, medication-related or resulting from an injury or infection, among other etiologies. […] Swallowing specialists use a wide range of methods and technologies to evaluate patients with dysphagia. From specialized X-rays to endoscopy and tests that visualize swallowing in real time, diagnosing the problem and its source has become far easier and more targeted in recent years. […] More often than not, you may undergo swallow therapy with a speech pathologist like Ms. Mocchetti. […] While there is no one size fits all treatment for dysphagia, many patients respond favorably to swallow therapy.

• #95

• #96 Dysphagia Treatment | National Foundation of Swallowing Disorders – A community for those impacted by dysphagia

  https://swallowingdisorderfoundation.com/dysphagia-treatment/

  Education is crucial in managing dysphagia, as patients and caregivers benefit from learning strategies to reduce aspiration risks and ensure adequate nutrition. Participating in support groups or patient education programs can offer valuable support and additional resources. […] Dysphagia treatment often requires ongoing assessment and adjustment. Regular check-ins with a healthcare team allow providers to reassess swallowing function, monitor nutritional status, and make necessary modifications to the treatment plan.

• #97 Managing Dysphagia – Parent Project Muscular Dystrophy

  https://www.parentprojectmd.org/care/care-guidelines/by-area/care-for-the-gi-system-and-nutrition/managing-dysphagia/

  Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, effects many people with Duchenne. Complaints of something stuck in my throat are not uncommon and symptoms may progress. Until now, there has been little guidance available for clinicians to manage dysphagia and improve feeding for people with Duchenne. […] Dysphagia present in Duchenne is a result of progressive muscle weakness and accompanies solid rather than liquid intake. Dysphagia usually increases during young adulthood and may be due to fatigue (sleepiness) or aspiration (drawing breath) with eating. […] Swallowing problems (dysphagia) can cause dehydration, weight loss, and malnutrition. They can also cause breathing difficulty when food or water goes down the breathing tube (trachea) and into the lungs, which can lead to a lung infection (aspiration pneumonia).

• #98

• #99 Swallowing and Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia) – Rehabilitation and Prosthetic Services

  https://www.rehab.va.gov/PROSTHETICS/SLP/Dysphagia.asp

  The Intensive Dysphagia Treatment Program offers Veterans a greater choice and easier access to targeted rehabilitation and follow-up care for swallowing problems. […] To begin treatment for dysphagia: Enroll for care at a VA Medical Center, Complete an evaluation with a speech-language pathologist, Agreement to participate in an 8-week home exercise program focused on swallowing. […] Cancer and cancer treatments for the mouth, throat, or esophagus can sometimes have side effects that cause difficulty swallowing. […] The goals of this program are to maintain swallow function during radiation or chemotherapy for individuals undergoing head and neck cancer treatments and provide a home exercise program to preserve swallow function. […] An interdisciplinary team will carefully monitor oral intake to assure nutrition and hydration are maintained. […] Contact your Primary Care provider if you have symptoms of Trouble swallowing or if your swallowing gets worse, Dehydration, Shortness of breath or coughing while eating or drinking.

• #100 Trouble swallowing? Dysphagia insights for cancer patients | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/dysphagia-in-cancer-patients–what-to-know-causes-diagnosis-prevention-treatment.h00-159305412.html

• #101 Dysphagia – Oral Cancer Foundation | Information and Resources about Oral Head and Neck Cancer

  https://oralcancerfoundation.org/complications/dysphagia/

  The tongue-holding maneuver improves the tongue base to posterior pharyngeal wall contact and exercises the glossopharyngeal muscle. […] Diet alterations and food presentation strategies also can be used therapeutically to improve efficiency and safety of swallowing. […] Nutritional changes related to dysphagia are another concern for patients with head and neck cancer. […] Proper nutrition and hydration can improve tolerance to cancer treatments and functional outcomes. […] Evaluation of the patient must take into account not only the structure and function of the swallowing mechanism, but also the side effects that the chosen medical interventions will impose. […] Treatment should be designed to improve the safety of oral intake, normalize nutritional status, reduce the complications of the cancer treatment, and enhance the quality of life.

• #102 Dysphagia | Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

  https://www.chop.edu/conditions-diseases/dysphagia

  Specific treatment for dysphagia will be determined by your child’s healthcare provider based on the following: […] Speech or occupational therapy can be helpful for some children. These therapists can give your child exercises to help make swallowing more effective, or suggest techniques for feeding that may help improve swallowing problems. […] When symptoms of GERD are also present with dysphagia, treating this condition may produce improvements in your child’s ability to swallow. As the esophagus and throat are less irritated by acid reflux, their function may improve. Treatment of GERD may include: […] Children who have scarring or narrowing of the esophagus (esophageal stricture) may be able to be dilated, or widened, under anesthesia. This procedure may have to be repeated periodically.

• #103 Dysphagia (swallowing problems) | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/dysphagia-swallowing-problems/

  Dysphagia caused by cerebral palsy can be treated with speech and language therapy. Your child will be taught how to swallow, how to adjust the type of food they eat, and how to use feeding tubes. […] Dysphagia caused by gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) can be treated using special thickened feeds instead of your usual breast or formula milk. Sometimes medication may also be used.

• #104 Dysphagia (swallowing problems) | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/stomach-liver-and-gastrointestinal-tract/dysphagia-swallowing-problems/

  Dysphagia caused by cerebral palsy can be treated with speech and language therapy. Your child will be taught how to swallow, how to adjust the type of food they eat, and how to use feeding tubes. […] Dysphagia caused by gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) can be treated using special thickened feeds instead of your usual breast or formula milk. Sometimes medication may also be used.

• #105 Dysphagia Treatment: 5 Swallowing Exercises to Try At Home | NAPAAccessibility ToolsIncrease TextDecrease TextGrayscaleHigh ContrastNegative ContrastLight BackgroundLinks UnderlineReadable FontReset

  https://napacenter.org/swallow-strengthening-exercises/

  At NAPA Center, we take an individualized approach to therapy because we understand that each child is unique with very specific needs. In addition to physical, occupational, and speech therapy, NAPA also offers specialized VitalStim therapy and intensive feeding therapy services through an interdisciplinary model. […] Our intensive feeding program takes a global developmental approach in treating dysphagia (swallowing difficulties) and feeding challenges. If your child needs our services, we will work closely with you to select the best therapies for them, creating a customized program specific to your child’s needs and your family’s goals.

• #106 Dysphagia Treatment | National Foundation of Swallowing Disorders – A community for those impacted by dysphagia

  https://swallowingdisorderfoundation.com/dysphagia-treatment/

  Education is crucial in managing dysphagia, as patients and caregivers benefit from learning strategies to reduce aspiration risks and ensure adequate nutrition. Participating in support groups or patient education programs can offer valuable support and additional resources. […] Dysphagia treatment often requires ongoing assessment and adjustment. Regular check-ins with a healthcare team allow providers to reassess swallowing function, monitor nutritional status, and make necessary modifications to the treatment plan.

• #107 The Impact of Dysphagia on Quality of Life: How Therapy Can Help – Eastern Therapy Solutions

  https://www.easterntherapync.com/the-impact-of-dysphagia-on-quality-of-life-how-therapy-can-help

  Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, is more than just an occasional inconvenienceit can significantly impact daily life, nutrition, and emotional well-being. […] For those dealing with swallowing problems, finding effective swallowing disorder treatment is essential for restoring a sense of normalcy. […] While dysphagia poses numerous challenges, effective treatment can significantly improve the quality of life for those affected. […] A comprehensive approach to treating swallowing disorders includes: […] Strengthening Swallowing Muscles: Swallowing exercises target muscle weakness and improve coordination, making the swallowing process safer. […] Introducing New Swallowing Techniques: Techniques such as adjusting head posture or using softer foods help prevent food from entering the airway.

• #108 Adult Dysphagia: What You Should Know About Swallowing Problems

  https://www.expressable.com/learning-center/tips-and-resources/adult-dysphagia-what-you-should-know-about-swallowing-problems

  Dysphagia means difficulty with swallowing. […] Speech-language pathologists, also known as speech therapists, play an essential role in assessing, treating, and managing swallowing disorders. […] Treatment for swallowing difficulty is individualized. Treatment varies for each person based on the cause(s), symptom(s), and type of dysphagia. Speech therapists create a treatment plan that will improve a persons swallow safety, support their nutrition and hydration, and improve their quality of life. […] Treatment for swallowing problems can include the following elements: […] Dysphagia therapy can be one-on-one, as part of a group during mealtime, and via telepractice, or online therapy. […] If you have concerns about your swallowing, talk with your doctor to rule out or discover any underlying condition(s). Its also important to seek a referral for an evaluation by a speech-language pathologist. Speech therapists are an essential part of the health care team for dysphagia management.

• #109 Dysphagia (Swallowing Disorders) Treatment NYC | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/locations/grabscheid-voice-swallowing-center/conditions/dysphagia-swallowing-disorders

  Experts at the Grabscheid Voice and Swallowing Center of Mount Sinai specialize and excel in the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of swallowing disorders, ranging from routine to very complex. […] Patients with suspected swallowing problems should be carefully evaluated by a trained professional and appropriate treatment initiated in order to prevent complications from their swallowing disorders, such as dehydration, malnutrition, choking and pneumonia. […] Many swallowing disorders may be helped by swallowing therapy. A speech-language pathologist can provide patients with diet modifications, special exercises to help strengthen the swallowing muscles. […] Many swallowing disorders may be helped by swallowing therapy. A speech-language pathologist can provide patients with diet modifications, special exercises to help coordinate and strengthen the swallowing muscles. Based on the outcome of the evaluation, a treatment plan is provided. Treatments include: diet modification, compensatory posturing, thermal stimulation, therapy techniques, muscle strengthening exercises, adaptive equipment, consideration of medical-surgical alternatives, aspiration precautions, patient and caregiver education.

• #110 Swallowing and Swallowing Disorders (Dysphagia) – Rehabilitation and Prosthetic Services

  https://www.rehab.va.gov/PROSTHETICS/SLP/Dysphagia.asp

  The Intensive Dysphagia Treatment Program offers Veterans a greater choice and easier access to targeted rehabilitation and follow-up care for swallowing problems. […] To begin treatment for dysphagia: Enroll for care at a VA Medical Center, Complete an evaluation with a speech-language pathologist, Agreement to participate in an 8-week home exercise program focused on swallowing. […] Cancer and cancer treatments for the mouth, throat, or esophagus can sometimes have side effects that cause difficulty swallowing. […] The goals of this program are to maintain swallow function during radiation or chemotherapy for individuals undergoing head and neck cancer treatments and provide a home exercise program to preserve swallow function. […] An interdisciplinary team will carefully monitor oral intake to assure nutrition and hydration are maintained. […] Contact your Primary Care provider if you have symptoms of Trouble swallowing or if your swallowing gets worse, Dehydration, Shortness of breath or coughing while eating or drinking.

• #111 Dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing): What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/21195-dysphagia-difficulty-swallowing

  Dysphagia or difficulty swallowing is a symptom of many different medical conditions. Treatment for swallowing issues may include medications, changes to your eating habits and, sometimes, procedures. […] A specialist in swallowing disorders called a speech-language pathologist (SLP) can assess your ability to swallow and provide treatment if there’s a risk. […] Treatment for dysphagia depends on what’s causing it and how severe it is. Your treatment might include: Medication: Your healthcare provider may prescribe antimicrobials to treat infections (usually caused by viruses or fungi) causing dysphagia. Treatment for GERD includes drugs to control acid reflux. […] Many people find rehabilitation helpful. An SLP can teach you exercises to strengthen your swallowing muscles. […] Dysphagia can lead to serious health issues and even be fatal without treatment. Risks include: Dehydration. Malnutrition. Choking. Silent aspiration and aspiration pneumonia.

• #112 The Impact of Dysphagia on Quality of Life: How Therapy Can Help – Eastern Therapy Solutions

  https://www.easterntherapync.com/the-impact-of-dysphagia-on-quality-of-life-how-therapy-can-help

  Enhancing Dietary Habits: Recommendations for modified barium swallow studies or endoscopic evaluation of swallowing can help identify risk factors and optimize eating habits. […] Providing Emotional Support: Our team creates a supportive environment where clients feel heard and empowered. […] Therapy is just one part of the solution. […] Understanding and managing dysphagia isnt just about treatmentits about reclaiming life. […] When patients and caregivers work hand-in-hand with healthcare professionals, they form a powerful triad for success. […] Determined and informed action can shape a positive road forward, promising an improved quality of life and alleviating distress for those facing this challenge. […] For the patients experiencing the impact of dysphagia, remember that youre not alone. Support, solutions, and hope await in the form of professional intervention. Take the first stepexplore further with a health professional and explore resources like those available through Eastern Therapy Solutions.

• #113 Swallowing Disorders in Adults

  https://www.asha.org/public/speech/swallowing/swallowing-disorders-in-adults/?srsltid=AfmBOooXIfJk05yTFADYX1biQDivXXUEjsDBMg06WPdMlxuuwLbh2NZF

  Swallowing disorders can lead to health issues and social problems, like choosing not to eat meals with others. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) help people who have trouble swallowing. […] A swallowing disorder is also called dysphagia (dis-FAY-juh). […] What treatment you need will depend on the problems you have. You may need medical treatment from a doctor, such as medicines for reflux. In severe cases, you may need to get nutrition in other ways. These may include a tube through your nose or in your stomach. Your doctor will work with you if you need tube feeding. […] The SLP can work with you to improve how you swallow. They may suggest the following: treatment to help you use your muscles to chew and swallow, instruction on ways you should sit or hold your head when you eat, strategies to help you swallow better and more safely, eating softer foods or drinking thicker drinks to help make swallowing easier.

• #114 The Impact of Dysphagia on Quality of Life: How Therapy Can Help – Eastern Therapy Solutions

  https://www.easterntherapync.com/the-impact-of-dysphagia-on-quality-of-life-how-therapy-can-help

  Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, is more than just an occasional inconvenienceit can significantly impact daily life, nutrition, and emotional well-being. […] For those dealing with swallowing problems, finding effective swallowing disorder treatment is essential for restoring a sense of normalcy. […] While dysphagia poses numerous challenges, effective treatment can significantly improve the quality of life for those affected. […] A comprehensive approach to treating swallowing disorders includes: […] Strengthening Swallowing Muscles: Swallowing exercises target muscle weakness and improve coordination, making the swallowing process safer. […] Introducing New Swallowing Techniques: Techniques such as adjusting head posture or using softer foods help prevent food from entering the airway.

• #115 Swallowing Disorders in Adults

  https://www.asha.org/public/speech/swallowing/swallowing-disorders-in-adults/?srsltid=AfmBOooXIfJk05yTFADYX1biQDivXXUEjsDBMg06WPdMlxuuwLbh2NZF

  Swallowing disorders can lead to health issues and social problems, like choosing not to eat meals with others. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) help people who have trouble swallowing. […] A swallowing disorder is also called dysphagia (dis-FAY-juh). […] What treatment you need will depend on the problems you have. You may need medical treatment from a doctor, such as medicines for reflux. In severe cases, you may need to get nutrition in other ways. These may include a tube through your nose or in your stomach. Your doctor will work with you if you need tube feeding. […] The SLP can work with you to improve how you swallow. They may suggest the following: treatment to help you use your muscles to chew and swallow, instruction on ways you should sit or hold your head when you eat, strategies to help you swallow better and more safely, eating softer foods or drinking thicker drinks to help make swallowing easier.

• #116 Dysphagia: Symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/177473

  Dysphagia is the medical term for difficulty swallowing. People with this symptom have difficulty swallowing liquids, solids, or both. Some also experience pain, or odynophagia, at the same time. […] This article discusses the various causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and potential treatments of dysphagia. […] Treatment for dysphagia depends on the type and cause of the condition and may involve a range of strategies to improve symptoms and quality of life. These may include: swallowing rehabilitation, which involves learning swallowing techniques and strengthening muscles with a speech-language therapist; dietary changes, such as blending foods or eating more liquid foods, which may make them easier to swallow; stimulation of the tongue or soft palate with temperature, massage, or electricity, which may help people with neurological conditions; dental work, such as fitting dentures, if this could help with chewing and swallowing; mental health support, if dysphagia is affecting a person’s emotional well-being, or anxiety may be contributing to it.

• #117 Dysphagia | Stanford Health Care

  https://stanfordhealthcare.org/medical-conditions/digestion-and-metabolic-health/dysphagia.html

  Our doctors have decades of experience helping people find relief from dysphagia symptoms. […] Your doctor can develop a comprehensive treatment plan that addresses your unique medical needs while helping your body heal. […] Depending on your needs, your care plan may include one of the following treatments: […] Our goal is to provide the least invasive treatment possible to improve your quality of life. […] Our dietitians identify healthy dietary changes, including nutrition supplements, to ensure that you receive adequate nutrients each day. […] Endoscopic procedures are a mainstay of dysphagia treatment. […] Through this approach, we use minimally invasive procedures to correct structural problems in your esophagus, like narrowed areas (strictures), and take tissue samples (biopsy) if needed.

• #118 Dysphagia Treatment | National Foundation of Swallowing Disorders – A community for those impacted by dysphagia

  https://swallowingdisorderfoundation.com/dysphagia-treatment/

  Education is crucial in managing dysphagia, as patients and caregivers benefit from learning strategies to reduce aspiration risks and ensure adequate nutrition. Participating in support groups or patient education programs can offer valuable support and additional resources. […] Dysphagia treatment often requires ongoing assessment and adjustment. Regular check-ins with a healthcare team allow providers to reassess swallowing function, monitor nutritional status, and make necessary modifications to the treatment plan.

• #119 The Impact of Dysphagia on Quality of Life: How Therapy Can Help – Eastern Therapy Solutions

  https://www.easterntherapync.com/the-impact-of-dysphagia-on-quality-of-life-how-therapy-can-help

  Enhancing Dietary Habits: Recommendations for modified barium swallow studies or endoscopic evaluation of swallowing can help identify risk factors and optimize eating habits. […] Providing Emotional Support: Our team creates a supportive environment where clients feel heard and empowered. […] Therapy is just one part of the solution. […] Understanding and managing dysphagia isnt just about treatmentits about reclaiming life. […] When patients and caregivers work hand-in-hand with healthcare professionals, they form a powerful triad for success. […] Determined and informed action can shape a positive road forward, promising an improved quality of life and alleviating distress for those facing this challenge. […] For the patients experiencing the impact of dysphagia, remember that youre not alone. Support, solutions, and hope await in the form of professional intervention. Take the first stepexplore further with a health professional and explore resources like those available through Eastern Therapy Solutions.

• #120 Signs, Causes, & Treatment for Dysphagia in Adults

  https://reboundphysicaltherapy.com/swallowing-disorders-in-adults-signs-causes-and-treatment-options/

  Understanding the underlying cause of your dysphagia is the key to determining the right treatment approach. […] Speech therapy is one of the most effective treatments for dysphagia. […] Many adults with dysphagia experience significant improvement with consistent support through speech therapy. […] Your dysphagia treatment plan may include: Swallowing Exercises to strengthen the muscles involved in swallowing […] Compensatory Strategies to teach you techniques like posture changes or specific swallowing maneuvers to make swallowing safer […] Diet Modifications to reduce your choking risk by adjusting the types of food and drink you eat […] Education to help you understand how to manage your symptoms and avoid discomfort or other health complications. […] If you or someone you love is dealing with swallowing difficulties, Rebound Physical Therapy is here to help.

• #121 Dysphagia Treatment – Choosing the Right Approach

  https://tactustherapy.com/choosing-dysphagia-treatment/

  If you’re doing an instrumental assessment to better understand the problem, it’s also a great time to try to figure out the solution. […] The Mendelsohn maneuver, an exercise to squeeze the muscles of the throat to keep the larynx elevated longer, is a difficult maneuver to execute and to teach. […] During the MBSImP training, Dr. Bonnie Martin Harris noted that using nectar thick liquids during a modified barium swallow study could be beneficial to increase movement of the pharyngeal structures. […] Dr. Jeri Logemann stated decades ago that objective studies need to quantify effects of treatment on particular types of patients and that anatomy and physiology of each patient should be documented when determining an appropriate treatment plan. […] By combining our knowledge of the anatomy and physiology of the normal and disordered swallow with our understanding of the treatment options supported by research, we can select the best treatments to try with our patients. […] To make life a little easier, you can now reference critical information about swallowing anatomy and treatments in the palm of your hand with the Dysphagia Therapy app for clinicians, with the popular Therapy Finder.

• #122 Dysphagia: Individualized treatment for people with swallowing disorders | Patient Care

  https://weillcornell.org/news/dysphagia-individualized-treatment-for-people-with-swallowing-disorders

  Dysphagia can occur in patients across the lifespan, from infancy to old age, says Dr. Anas Rameau, an attending laryngologist at the Sean Parker Institute and an Assistant Professor of Otolaryngology at Weill Cornell Medicine. Its causes can be neurodegenerativeas in Parkinsons or Alzheimers diseaseanatomical, medication-related or resulting from an injury or infection, among other etiologies. […] Swallowing specialists use a wide range of methods and technologies to evaluate patients with dysphagia. From specialized X-rays to endoscopy and tests that visualize swallowing in real time, diagnosing the problem and its source has become far easier and more targeted in recent years. […] More often than not, you may undergo swallow therapy with a speech pathologist like Ms. Mocchetti. […] While there is no one size fits all treatment for dysphagia, many patients respond favorably to swallow therapy.

• #123 Advances in the Treatment of Dysphagia in Neurological Disorders: A Review of Current Evidence and Future Considerations

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9578488/

  Establishing an accurate diagnosis of the underlying dysphagia-causing pathology is important in determining the probable natural evolution of dysphagia, the ultimate aim of treatment and which treatment modality is best placed to address the underlying deficit. Providing the right treatment should aid recovery but such rehabilitation does require a multidisciplinary approach. Beyond conventional approaches such as texture modification and behavioural therapies, recent literature has seen some progress on the pharmacological front albeit with few options. Neuromodulation has also shown some promising results over the past few years. Furthermore, the use of soft robotics has opened a new arena for the study of dysphagia and the development of novel treatments for this cohort of patients. […] Taken together, the quality of evidence for the clinical efficacy of rehabilitative exercises has improved in recent years as there is an increasing number of RCTs conducted in dysphagic patients. EMST, CTAR and NMES are the most studied rehabilitation treatments and they showed preliminary benefits for dysphagia.

• #124 Advances in the Treatment of Dysphagia in Neurological Disorders: A Review of Current Evidence and Future Considerations

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9578488/

  The first type of soft robot is typically built with soft materials that are biologically compatible such that they can be used as implants. Such an approach shows potential in the management of swallowing and voice impairments in patients following total laryngectomies, which is a surgical procedure that removes the entire larynx. […] In this review, we have discussed both traditional and more novel dysphagia treatments that have been introduced in the past two decades. In general, the quality of evidence that supports the use of these newer treatments is at least comparable if not better than traditional treatments as their clinical efficacy is evaluated by randomized controlled trials in patients with neurogenic (mainly stroke) dysphagia. Nonetheless, there are several critical issues, including heterogeneity in treatment regimens, long-term treatment effects, underlying mechanisms of some neuromodulation treatments, and the effects of these techniques in non-stroke dysphagia, that remain to be addressed in future well-designed clinical trials.

• #125 Advances in the Treatment of Dysphagia in Neurological Disorders: A Review of Current Evidence and Future Considerations

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9578488/

  The first type of soft robot is typically built with soft materials that are biologically compatible such that they can be used as implants. Such an approach shows potential in the management of swallowing and voice impairments in patients following total laryngectomies, which is a surgical procedure that removes the entire larynx. […] In this review, we have discussed both traditional and more novel dysphagia treatments that have been introduced in the past two decades. In general, the quality of evidence that supports the use of these newer treatments is at least comparable if not better than traditional treatments as their clinical efficacy is evaluated by randomized controlled trials in patients with neurogenic (mainly stroke) dysphagia. Nonetheless, there are several critical issues, including heterogeneity in treatment regimens, long-term treatment effects, underlying mechanisms of some neuromodulation treatments, and the effects of these techniques in non-stroke dysphagia, that remain to be addressed in future well-designed clinical trials.

• #126 Dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing): What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/21195-dysphagia-difficulty-swallowing

  Dysphagia or difficulty swallowing is a symptom of many different medical conditions. Treatment for swallowing issues may include medications, changes to your eating habits and, sometimes, procedures. […] A specialist in swallowing disorders called a speech-language pathologist (SLP) can assess your ability to swallow and provide treatment if there’s a risk. […] Treatment for dysphagia depends on what’s causing it and how severe it is. Your treatment might include: Medication: Your healthcare provider may prescribe antimicrobials to treat infections (usually caused by viruses or fungi) causing dysphagia. Treatment for GERD includes drugs to control acid reflux. […] Many people find rehabilitation helpful. An SLP can teach you exercises to strengthen your swallowing muscles. […] Dysphagia can lead to serious health issues and even be fatal without treatment. Risks include: Dehydration. Malnutrition. Choking. Silent aspiration and aspiration pneumonia.

• #127 Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) – symptoms, causes and treatment | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/dysphagia

  Dysphagia can lead to dehydration and malnutrition if not managed properly. It can cause weight loss and problems taking your oral medicines. […] Dysphagia can also lead to aspiration. This means that food or drink go into your airways, rather than your oesophagus and stomach. Aspiration can lead to pneumonia. […] Dysphagia cannot be prevented. However, treatment can help prevent complications.

• #128 Dysphagia (Difficulty Swallowing): What It Is, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/21195-dysphagia-difficulty-swallowing

  If you’re regularly struggling to swallow, it’s time for a visit with your healthcare provider. If you’re a stroke survivor or someone considered high risk for a swallowing disorder, your provider will check for swallowing problems. If there’s an issue, an SLP can often provide resources you can use to eat or drink safely, so you get the nourishment you need.

• #129 Swallowing problems are treatable: How gastroenterologists help

  https://www.riversideonline.com/en/patients-and-visitors/healthy-you-blog/blog/s/swallowing-problems-are-treatable

  Your primary care provider may refer you to a gastroenterologist a specialist whos trained in how to most effectively diagnose and treat these types of swallowing problems, Dr. Manohar says. […] Treatment for a swallowing problem depends on the condition thats causing it as well as the severity of the symptoms. Treatment options include medicine, speech therapy and surgery. […] Whether you have mild or severe dysphagia, a gastroenterologist can manage your treatment. […] Gastroenterologists lead their teams of dysphagia experts to offer complete care, while also collaborating with other specialists.

• #130 Dysphagia: Individualized treatment for people with swallowing disorders | Patient Care

  https://weillcornell.org/news/dysphagia-individualized-treatment-for-people-with-swallowing-disorders

  A therapy plan may include targeted swallowing exercises that also need to be completed daily at home, like physical therapy exercises. […] Avoiding certain foods and even finding a different way to position the head can make a big difference, she continues. […] Sometimes, surgery is warranted, but the good news is that many procedures can be performed in the doctors office without general anesthesia. […] Older patients in particular may do well with vocal fold medializationa procedure that pushes the folds towards each other, allowing them to close during voicing and swallowing. […] If you experience difficulty swallowing, there are many ways to improve or even restore that most natural of functions, and your quality of life.

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